Intangible assets (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Intangible assets

Schedule of intangible assets

(€ million)	Exploration rights		Industrial patents and intellectual property rights		Other intangible assets with definite useful lives		Intangible assets with definite useful lives		Goodwill		Other intangible assets with indefinite useful lives	Total
2022
Net carrying amount - beginning of the year	913		155		845		1,913		2,862		24	4,799
Additions	53		28		275		356					356
Amortization	(12	)	(74	)	(224	)	(310	)				(310	)
Impairments					(14	)	(14	)	(153	)		(167	)
Write-off	(13	)					(13	)				(13	)
Changes in the scope of consolidation	(200	)			391		191		482			673
Currency translation differences	54				1		55		11			66
Other changes	(2	)	67		120		185		(64	)		121
Net carrying amount - end of the year	793		176		1,394		2,363		3,138		24	5,525
Gross carrying amount - end of the year	1,428		1,806		3,705		6,939
Provisions for amortization and impairment	635		1,630		2,311		4,576
2021
Net carrying amount - beginning of the year	888		162		589		1,639		1,297			2,936
Additions	12		28		244		284					284
Amortization	(30	)	(89	)	(168	)	(287	)				(287	)
Impairment			(2	)	(14	)	(16	)	(22	)		(38	)
Reversals	21						21					21
Write-off	(35	)					(35	)				(35	)
Changes in the scope of consolidation			11		226		237		1,574		24	1,835
Currency translation differences	57				2		59		13			72
Other changes			45		(34	)	11					11
Net carrying amount - end of the year	913		155		845		1,913		2,862		24	4,799
Gross carrying amount - end of the year	1,707		1,709		4,843		8,259
Provisions for amortization and impairment	794		1,554		3,998		6,346

Schedule of amortization rates used

The main amortization rates used were substantially unchanged from the previous year and ranged as follows:

(%)
Exploration rights	UOP
Other concessions, licenses, trademarks and similar items	3 - 33
Industrial patents and intellectual property rights	20 - 33
Capitalized costs for customer acquisition	17 - 33
Other intangible assets	3 - 20

Schedule of goodwill

The breakdown of goodwill by segment and business line is provided below:

(€ million)	December 31, 2022	December 31, 2021
Plenitude	2,927	2,446
Refining & Marketing	102	173
Exploration & Production		139
Chemical	93	93
Corporate and Other activities	16	11
	3,138	2,862

Exploration rights

Intangible assets

Schedule of intangible assets

The breakdown of exploration rights by type of asset was as follows:

(€ million)	December 31, 2022	December 31, 2021
Proved licence and leasehold property acquisition costs	104	236
Unproved licence and leasehold property acquisition costs	689	677
	793	913