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Income Taxes
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Income Taxes [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
NOTE (13) – Income Taxes

Income tax expense or benefit is computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate of 21% and the California income tax rate of 10.84% to taxable income or loss.  The Company recorded income tax expense of $95 thousand and income tax benefits of $300 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, compared to income tax benefits of $176 thousand and $262 thousand for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively.  The increase in income tax expense during the third quarter of 2020 was primarily due to non-deductible expenses of $556 thousand related to the City First Merger.  The income tax benefit recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 included a tax adjustment of $273 thousand upon the resolution of an outstanding audit issue with the California Franchise Tax Board for tax years 2009 to 2013, offset by the additional tax expense associated with the non-deductible merger related expenses.  In addition, the Company recorded low-income housing tax credits of $29 thousand and $87 thousand during the third quarter and nine months of 2020, compared to $50 thousand and $149 thousand during the third quarter and nine months of 2019.

The Company and its subsidiary are subject to U.S. federal and state income taxes.  Income tax expense is the total of the current year income tax due or refundable and the change in deferred tax assets and liabilities.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carry-forwards.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion, or all, of the deferred tax asset will not be realized.  In assessing the realization of deferred tax assets, management evaluates both positive and negative evidence, including the existence of cumulative losses in the current year and the prior two years, the amount of taxes paid in available carry-back years, the forecasts of future income and tax planning strategies.  Based on this analysis, the Company determined that as of September 30, 2020, no valuation allowance was required on its deferred tax assets, which totaled $5.3 million.