Revenue Recognition

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Revenue From Contract With Customer [Abstract]

Revenue Recognition

2.   Revenue Recognition

On October 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”). This new standard applies to contracts for the sale of products and services, and does not apply to contracts for the rental or lease of products.  The Company adopted the new standard using the modified retrospective method applied to those contracts that were not completed as of September 30, 2018.  Results for reporting periods beginning October 1, 2018 are presented under the new standard and prior period amounts were not restated.

Under the new standard, the Company recognizes revenue when performance of contractual obligations are satisfied, generally when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to its customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration it expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services.  

The Company primarily derives product revenue from the sale of its manufactured products.  Revenue from these product sales, including the sale of used rental equipment, is recognized when obligations under the terms of a contract are satisfied, control is transferred and collectability of the sales price is probable.  The Company assesses collectability during the contract assessment phase. In situations where collectability of the sales price is not probable, the Company recognizes revenue when it determines that collectability is probable or non-refundable cash is received from its customers.  Transfer of control generally occurs with shipment or delivery, depending on the terms of the underlying contract.  The Company’s products are generally sold without any customer acceptance provisions, and the Company’s standard terms of sale do not allow customers to return products for credit.  

Revenue from engineering services is recognized as services are rendered over the duration of a project, or as billed on a per hour basis.  Field service revenue is recognized when services are rendered and is generally priced on a per day rate.

The Company also generates revenue from short-term rentals under operating leases of its manufactured products.  Rental revenue is recognized as earned over the rental period if collectability of the rent is reasonably assured.  Rentals of the Company’s equipment generally range from daily rentals to minimum rental periods of up to six months or longer.  The Company has determined that ASC 606 does not apply to rental contracts, which are within the scope of ASC Topic 842, Leases.  

The cumulative effect of the changes made to the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of October 1, 2018 resulting from the adoption of ASC 606 the new standard was not material and did not impact beginning retained earnings.  The impact on the timing of sales and services for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2019 resulting from the application of the new standard was not material.  

As permissible under the new standard, sales taxes and transaction-based taxes are excluded from revenue.  The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected duration of one year or less.  Additionally, the Company expenses costs incurred to obtain contracts when incurred because the amortization period would have been one year or less.  These costs are recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses.

At June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, the Company had deferred contract liabilities of $0.1 million and zero, respectively.  The Company had no deferred contract costs at June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019.   The deferred contract liabilities are included in current liabilities on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as a component of deferred revenue and other current liabilities.  During the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020, the Company recognized no revenue or cost of revenue from deferred contract liabilities or deferred contract costs.  During the three and nine months ended June 30, 2019, the Company recognized revenue of $42,000 and $0.1 million, respectively, from deferred contract liabilities and cost of revenue of $35,000 and $27,000, respectively, from deferred contract costs.  

During the second quarter of fiscal year 2020, the Company partially financed a $12.5 million product sale by entering into a $10.0 million promissory note with the customer.  The note is for a three-year term with monthly principal and interest payments of $0.3 million.  Due to the financial condition of the customer, the Company has concerns over the probable collectability of the promissory note.  As a result, the Company has not recognized any revenue or cost of revenue on the product sale. The Company has received payments from the customer totaling $3.8 million (exclusive of interest) as of June 30, 2020 related to the product sale, which is reflected on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as non-current deferred revenue. Management does not intend to recognize revenue and cost of revenue from the sale until it becomes probable that the customer will satisfy its financial obligation to the Company.         

For each of the Company’s operating segments, the following table presents revenue only from the sale of products and the performance of services under contracts with customers (in thousands).  Therefore, the table excludes all revenue earned from rental contracts.

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	June 30, 2020		June 30, 2019		June 30, 2020		June 30, 2019
Oil and Gas Markets
Traditional exploration product revenue	$	1,162	$	2,129	$	4,749	$	8,116
Wireless exploration product revenue		453		1,381		1,336		1,835
Reservoir product revenue		187		421		704		2,303
Total revenue		1,802		3,931		6,789		12,254
Adjacent Markets
Industrial product revenue		3,403		5,364		11,185		13,046
Imaging product revenue		1,682		2,847		7,044		9,012
Total revenue		5,085		8,211		18,229		22,058
Emerging Markets
Revenue		88		11		557		145
Total	$	6,975	$	12,153	$	25,575	$	34,457

See Note 14 for more information on the Company’s operating segments.

For each of the geographic areas where the Company operates, the following table presents revenue (in thousands) from the sale of products and services under contracts with customers.  The table excludes all revenue earned from rental contracts:  

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	June 30, 2020		June 30, 2019		June 30, 2020		June 30, 2019
Asia	$	925	$	1,094	$	2,200	$	4,162
Canada		509		1,202		1,776		1,832
Europe		1,193		1,023		3,865		3,108
United States		4,087		7,521		16,868		22,396
Other		261		1,313		866		2,959
Total	$	6,975	$	12,153	$	25,575	$	34,457

Revenue is attributable to countries based on the ultimate destination of the product sold, if known.  If the ultimate destination is not known, revenue is attributable to countries based on the geographic location of the initial shipment.