Fair Value Measurements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Note 4 – Fair Value Measurements

The following table represents the Company’s fair value hierarchy for its financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):

	Fair Value at December 31, 2018						Fair Value at December 31, 2017
		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Money market funds(1)	$	39,168	$	―	$	―	$	36,762	$	―	$	―
Asset-backed securities(2)		―		19,997		―		―		29,750		―
Corporate debt securities(3)		―		26,219		―		―		80,309		―
Total cash equivalents and marketable securities	$	39,168	$	46,216	$	―	$	36,762	$	110,059	$	―
Liabilities
Convertible notes payable	$	―	$	197,935	$	―	$	―	$	152,396	$	―

	(1)	Classified as cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively (see Note 3).
	(2)	Includes $15,000 and $16,007 classified as cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, on the consolidated balance sheets.
	(3)	Includes $9,236 and $43,056 classified as cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, on the consolidated balance sheets.

Fixed-income investments categorized as Level 2 are valued at the custodian bank by a third-party pricing vendor’s valuation models that use verifiable observable market data, e.g., interest rates and yield curves observable at commonly quoted intervals and credit spreads, bids provided by brokers or dealers or quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics. Pricing of the Company’s Notes (as defined in Note 9) has been estimated using other observable inputs, including the price of the Company’s common stock, implied volatility, interest rates and credit spreads among others. Over time, the Company expects a market for the Notes to develop when there is sufficient volume of trading. At that time, the Company intends to use trade data as the principal basis for measuring fair value.

During the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company did not have any transfers between Levels.

The amount in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets for accounts payable and accrued expenses approximates its fair value due to its short-term nature.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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