10-Q

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2017

OR

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from        to        .

Commission File No. 0-26770

NOVAVAX, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	22-2816046
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
20 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, MD	20878
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip code)

(240) 268-2000

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer	x		Accelerated filer	¨
Non-accelerated filer	¨	(Do not check if a small reporting company)	Smaller reporting company	¨
Emerging growth company	¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant had elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provide pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x

The number of shares outstanding of the Registrant’s Common Stock, $0.01 par value, was 282,613,919 as of April 30, 2017.

NOVAVAX, INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

		Page No.
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Consolidated Financial Statements	1
	Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2017 (unaudited) and December 31, 2016	1
	Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations and Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016	2
	Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended  March 31, 2017 and 2016	3
	Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	4
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial  Condition and Results of Operations	18
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	31
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	32
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	32
Item 5.	Other Information	32
Item 6.	Exhibits	33
SIGNATURES		34

i

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

NOVAVAX, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share and per share information)

	March 31,			December 31,
	2017			2016
	(unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	95,847		$	144,353
Marketable securities		115,331			91,126
Restricted cash		27,319			30,314
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		19,952			22,037
Total current assets		258,449			287,830
Restricted cash		1,705			4,590
Property and equipment, net		39,439			40,184
Intangible assets, net		9,161			9,225
Goodwill		51,941			51,673
Other non-current assets		809			799
Total assets	$	361,504		$	394,301
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	3,790		$	5,685
Accrued expenses		24,650			24,508
Accrued interest		2,031			5,078
Deferred revenue		24,679			30,079
Other current liabilities		1,348			1,056
Total current liabilities		56,498			66,406
Deferred revenue		2,500			2,500
Convertible notes payable		316,695			316,339
Other non-current liabilities		14,910			14,602
Total liabilities		390,603			399,847
Commitments and contingencies		—			—
Stockholders’ deficit:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 2,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively		—			—
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 600,000,000 shares authorized at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016; 283,069,349 shares issued and 282,613,919 shares outstanding at March 31, 2017 and 271,701,397 shares issued and 271,245,967 shares outstanding at December 31, 2016		2,831			2,717
Additional paid-in capital		956,299			935,997
Accumulated deficit		(974,444	)		(929,996	)
Treasury stock, 455,430 shares, cost basis at both March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016		(2,450	)		(2,450	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(11,335	)		(11,814	)
Total stockholders’ deficit		(29,099	)		(5,546	)
Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit	$	361,504		$	394,301

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

1

NOVAVAX, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands, except per share information)

(unaudited)

	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2017			2016
Revenue:
Government contracts	$	—		$	1,946
Research and development collaborations		5,680			2,272
Total revenue		5,680			4,218
Expenses:
Research and development		37,654			68,952
General and administrative		8,852			10,528
Total expenses		46,506			79,480
Loss from operations		(40,826	)		(75,262	)
Other income (expense):
Investment income		474			473
Interest expense		(3,513	)		(2,430	)
Other income (expense)		11			(33	)
Net loss	$	(43,854	)	$	(77,252	)
Basic and diluted net loss per share	$	(0.16	)	$	(0.29	)
Basic and diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding		274,178			270,179

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

(in thousands)

(unaudited)

	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2017			2016
Net loss	$	(43,854	)	$	(77,252	)
Other comprehensive income:
Net unrealized (losses) gains on marketable securities available-for-sale		(1	)		317
Foreign currency translation adjustment		480			1,259
Other comprehensive income		479			1,576
Comprehensive loss	$	(43,375	)	$	(75,676	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

2

NOVAVAX, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

(unaudited)

	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2017			2016
Operating Activities:
Net loss	$	(43,854	)	$	(77,252	)
Reconciliation of net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		2,111			1,954
Loss on disposal of property and equipment		65			―
Amortization of net (discounts) premiums on marketable securities		(6	)		146
Amortization of debt issuance costs		356			237
Lease incentives received		1,248			―
Non-cash stock-based compensation		4,213			4,961
Other		―			98
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Restricted cash		5,880			1,278
Prepaid expenses and other assets		1,093			637
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		(4,867	)		1,482
Deferred revenue		(5,399	)		(1,644	)
Other liabilities		543			(1,728	)
Net cash used in operating activities		(38,617	)		(69,831	)
Investing Activities:
Capital expenditures		(1,084	)		(5,517	)
Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities		86,130			82,657
Purchases of marketable securities		(110,330	)		(246,580	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(25,284	)		(169,440	)
Financing Activities:
Principal payments on capital lease		(18	)		(19	)
Principal payments on notes payable		―			(143	)
Proceeds from issuance of convertible notes		―			325,000
Payments of costs related to issuance of convertible notes		―			(9,966	)
Payments for capped call transactions and costs		―			(38,521	)
Net proceeds from sales of common stock		14,585			―
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options and employee stock purchases		797			2,000
Net cash provided by financing activities		15,364			278,351
Effect of exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents		31			37
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents		(48,506	)		39,117
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		144,353			93,108
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	95,847		$	132,225
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash activities:
Sale of common stock under the Sales Agreement not settled at quarter-end	$	225		$	—
Property and equipment purchases included in accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	823		$	3,180
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash payments of interest	$	6,094		$	12

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

3

NOVAVAX, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
March 31, 2017

(unaudited)

Note 1 – Organization

Novavax, Inc. (“Novavax,” and together with its wholly owned subsidiary, “Novavax AB,” the “Company”) is a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on the discovery, development and commercialization of recombinant nanoparticle vaccines and adjuvants. Using innovative proprietary recombinant nanoparticle vaccine technology, the Company produces vaccine candidates to efficiently and effectively respond to both known and emerging disease threats. The Company’s vaccine candidates are genetically engineered three-dimensional nanostructures that incorporate recombinant proteins critical to disease pathogenesis. The Company’s product pipeline targets a variety of infectious diseases, with clinical vaccine candidates for respiratory syncytial virus (“RSV”) and Ebola virus (“EBOV”), and preclinical programs for Zika virus (“ZIKV”), seasonal influenza and a combination respiratory vaccine candidate, as well as other infectious disease vaccine candidates.

Note 2 – Operations

The Company’s vaccine candidates currently under development, some of which include adjuvants, will require significant additional research and development efforts that include extensive preclinical studies and clinical testing, and regulatory approval prior to commercial use.

As a clinical-stage biotechnology company, the Company has primarily funded its operations from proceeds through the sale of its common stock in equity offerings, the issuance of convertible debt and revenue under its prior contract with the Department of Health and Human Services, Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (“HHS BARDA”) and, to a lesser degree, revenue under the current grant agreement with the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (“BMGF”). Management regularly reviews the Company’s cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities relative to its operating budget and forecast to monitor the sufficiency of the Company’s working capital, and anticipates continuing to draw upon available sources of capital to support its product development activities. Based on its March 31, 2017 cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities balances of $211.2 million, along with anticipated revenue under the Grant Agreement (see Note 10), the Company believes it has adequate capital to fund its operating plans for a minimum of twelve months. The Company plans to meet its near term capital requirements primarily through a combination of equity and debt financings, collaborations, strategic alliances and marketing distribution or licensing arrangements and in the longer term, from revenue related to product sales, to the extent its product candidates receive marketing approval and can be commercialized. There can be no assurances that new financings will be available to the Company on commercially acceptable terms, if at all. Also, any collaborations, strategic alliances and marketing distribution or licensing arrangements may require the Company to give up some or all rights to a product or technology at less than its full potential value. If the Company is unable to perform under the Grant Agreement or obtain additional capital, the Company will assess its capital resources and may be required to delay, reduce the scope of, or eliminate one or more of its product research and development programs, and/or downsize its organization, including its general and administrative infrastructure.

Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. The consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2017, the consolidated statements of operations and the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 and the consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 are unaudited, but include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) that the Company considers necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, operating results, comprehensive loss and cash flows, respectively, for the periods presented. Although the Company believes that the disclosures in these unaudited consolidated financial statements are adequate to make the information presented not misleading, certain information and footnote information normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted as permitted under the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Novavax, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary, Novavax AB. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

4

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars. The functional currency of Novavax AB, which is located in Sweden, is the local currency (Swedish Krona). The translation of assets and liabilities of Novavax AB to U.S. dollars is made at the exchange rate in effect at the consolidated balance sheet date, while equity accounts are translated at historical rates. The translation of the statement of operations data is made at the average exchange rate in effect for the period. The translation of operating cash flow data is made at the average exchange rate in effect for the period, and investing and financing cash flow data is translated at the exchange rate in effect at the date of the underlying transaction. Translation gains and losses are recognized as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss in the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets. The foreign currency translation adjustment balance included in accumulated other comprehensive loss was $11.4 million and $11.8 million at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. Results for this or any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for any future interim period or for the entire year. The Company operates in one business segment.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase. Cash and cash equivalents consist of the following at (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Cash	$	15,540	$	17,481
Money market funds		51,816		95,896
Government-backed securities		19,000		19,000
Asset-backed securities		3,500		―
Corporate debt securities		5,991		11,976
Cash and cash equivalents	$	95,847	$	144,353

Cash equivalents are recorded at cost, which approximate fair value due to their short-term nature.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company applies Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”), for financial and non-financial assets and liabilities.

ASC 820 discusses valuation techniques, such as the market approach (comparable market prices), the income approach (present value of future income or cash flow) and the cost approach (cost to replace the service capacity of an asset or replacement cost). The statement utilizes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. The following is a brief description of those three levels:

· Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

· Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.

· Level 3: Unobservable inputs that reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions.

5

Marketable Securities

Marketable securities consist of commercial paper, asset-backed securities and corporate notes. Classification of marketable securities between current and non-current is dependent upon the maturity date at the balance sheet date taking into consideration the Company’s ability and intent to hold the investment to maturity.

Interest and dividend income is recorded when earned and included in investment income in the consolidated statements of operations. Premiums and discounts, if any, on marketable securities are amortized or accreted to maturity and included in investment income in the consolidated statements of operations. The specific identification method is used in computing realized gains and losses on the sale of the Company’s securities.

The Company classifies its marketable securities with readily determinable fair values as “available-for-sale.” Investments in securities that are classified as available-for-sale are measured at fair market value in the consolidated balance sheets, and unrealized holding gains and losses on marketable securities are reported as a separate component of stockholders’ deficit until realized. Marketable securities are evaluated periodically to determine whether a decline in value is “other-than-temporary.” The term “other-than-temporary” is not intended to indicate a permanent decline in value. Rather, it means that the prospects for a near term recovery of value are not necessarily favorable, or that there is a lack of evidence to support fair values equal to, or greater than, the carrying value of the security. Management reviews criteria, such as the magnitude and duration of the decline, as well as the Company’s ability to hold the securities until market recovery, to predict whether the loss in value is other-than-temporary. If a decline in value is determined to be other-than-temporary, the value of the security is reduced and the impairment is recorded as other income (expense) in the consolidated statements of operations.

Restricted Cash

The Company’s current and noncurrent restricted cash includes payments received under the Grant Agreement (see Note 10) and cash collateral accounts under letters of credit that serve as security deposits for certain facility leases. The Company will utilize the Grant Agreement funds as it incurs expenses for services performed under the agreement. At March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the restricted cash balances consist of payments received under the Grant Agreement of $27.3 million and $33.2 million, respectively, and security deposits of $1.7 million at both dates.

Revenue Recognition

The Company performs research and development for U.S. Government agencies and other collaborators under cost reimbursable and fixed price contracts, including license, grant and clinical development agreements. The Company recognizes revenue under research contracts when a contract has been executed, the contract price is fixed or determinable, delivery of services or products has occurred and collection of the contract price is reasonably assured. Payments received in advance of work performed are recorded as deferred revenue and losses on contracts, if any, are recognized in the period in which they become known.

Under cost reimbursable contracts with U.S. Government agencies, the Company is reimbursed and recognizes revenue as allowable costs are incurred plus a portion of the fixed-fee earned. The Company considers fixed-fees under cost reimbursable contracts to be earned in proportion to the allowable costs incurred in performance of the work as compared to total estimated contract costs, with such costs incurred representing a reasonable measurement of the proportional performance of the work completed. Under its HHS BARDA contract (see Note 10), certain activities were pre-approved by HHS BARDA in order for their costs to be deemed allowable direct costs. Direct costs incurred under cost reimbursable contracts are recorded as research and development expenses. Payments to the Company under cost reimbursable contracts with agencies of the U.S. Government, such as the HHS BARDA contract, are provisional payments subject to adjustment upon audit by the government. An audit of indirect rates of fiscal years 2013 and 2014 was completed in the first quarter of 2017. When the final determination of the additional costs for fiscal years 2013 and 2014 has been made, and such amount is known and collection of the amount is reasonably assured, revenue and billings will be adjusted accordingly.

6

Under its Grant Agreement with BMGF (see Note 10), the Company is reimbursed for certain costs that support development activities, including the Company’s global Phase 3 clinical trial in pregnant women in their third trimester, product licensing efforts and World Health Organization (“WHO”) prequalification of the RSV F Vaccine. Payments received under the Grant Agreement are recognized as revenue in the period in which such research and development activities are performed.

The Company’s collaborative research and development agreements may include upfront payments, payments for research and development services, milestone payments and royalties. Agreements with multiple deliverables are evaluated to determine if the deliverables can be divided into more than one unit of accounting. A deliverable can generally be considered a separate unit of accounting if both of the following criteria are met: (1) the delivered item(s) has value to the customer on a stand-alone basis; and (2) if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item(s), delivery or performance of the undelivered item(s) is considered probable and substantially in control of the Company. Deliverables that cannot be divided into separate units are combined and treated as one unit of accounting. Consideration received is allocated among the separate units of accounting based on the relative selling price method. Deliverables under these arrangements typically include rights to intellectual property, research and development services and involvement by the parties in steering committees. Historically, deliverables under the Company’s collaborative research and development agreements have been deemed to have no stand-alone value and as a result have been treated as a single unit of accounting. In addition, the Company analyzes its contracts and collaborative agreements to determine whether the payments received should be recorded as revenue or as a reduction to research and development expenses. In reaching this determination, management considers a number of factors, including whether the Company is principal under the arrangement, and whether the arrangement is significant to, and part of, the Company’s core operations. Historically, payments received under its contracts and collaborative agreements have been recognized as revenue since the Company acts as a principal in the arrangement and the activities are core to its operations.

When the performance under a fixed price contract can be reasonably estimated, revenue for fixed price contracts is recognized under the proportional performance method and earned in proportion to the contract costs incurred in performance of the work as compared to total estimated contract costs. Costs incurred under fixed price contracts represent a reasonable measurement of proportional performance of the work. Direct costs incurred under collaborative research and development agreements are recorded as research and development expenses.

Revenue associated with upfront payments under arrangements is recognized over the contract term or when all obligations associated with the upfront payment have been satisfied.

Revenue from the achievement of research and development milestones, if deemed substantive, is recognized as revenue when the milestones are achieved and the milestone payments are due and collectible. If not deemed substantive, the Company would recognize such milestones as revenue upon its achievement on a straight-line basis over the remaining expected term of the research and development period. Milestones are considered substantive if all of the following conditions are met: (1) the milestone is non-refundable; (2) there is substantive uncertainty of achievement of the milestone at the inception of the arrangement; (3) substantive effort is involved to achieve the milestone and such achievement relates to past performance; and (4) the amount of the milestone appears reasonable in relation to the effort expended and all of the deliverables and payment terms in the arrangement.

7

Net Loss per Share

Net loss per share is computed using the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. At March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company had outstanding stock options and unvested restricted stock awards totaling 38,202,428 and 32,803,931, respectively. At March 31, 2017, the Company’s Notes are initially convertible into approximately 47,716,900 shares of the Company’s common stock. These and any shares due to the Company upon settlement of its capped call transactions are excluded from the computation, as their effect is antidilutive.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted

In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718) that simplifies the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted this standard on the effective date, January 1, 2017, and, as part of the adoption, elected to account for forfeitures when they occur. The adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Not Yet Adopted

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”), which supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under Topic 605, Revenue Recognition. The new standard requires a company to recognize revenue when it transfers goods and services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that the company expects to receive for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 defines a five-step process that includes identifying the contract with the customer, identifying the performance obligations in the contract, determining the transaction price, allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and recognizing revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies the performance obligations. In July 2015, the FASB approved a one-year deferral of the effective date of the new standard to 2018 for public companies, with an option that would permit companies to adopt the new standard as early as the original effective date of 2017. Early adoption prior to the original effective date is not permitted. ASU 2014-09 allows for either full retrospective or modified retrospective adoption. The Company has completed an initial assessment of the potential changes from adopting ASU 2014-09, primarily by reviewing its current revenue streams and deferred revenue balances. Based on the Company’s initial assessment, it does not expect any material changes to the recognition of its revenue. The Company has not yet completed its final review of the impact of this guidance, and will continue to evaluate the impacts of adoption over the coming quarters. The Company currently expects to apply ASU 2014-09 on a modified retrospective basis as of January 1, 2018. The Company will continue to monitor additional changes, modifications, clarifications or interpretations being undertaken by the FASB, which may impact its current evaluation. 

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) that increases transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosure of key information about leasing arrangements for both lessees and lessors. The standard will be effective January 1, 2019 for the Company, with early adoption permitted. The standard will be applied using a modified retrospective approach to the beginning of the earliest period presented in the financial statements.  The Company is currently evaluating when it will adopt the standard and the expected impact to its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350) (“ASU 2017-04”), which will simplify the goodwill impairment calculation, by eliminating Step 2 from the current goodwill impairment test. The new standard does not change how a goodwill impairment is identified. The Company will continue to perform its quantitative goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of its reporting unit to its carrying amount, but if the Company is required to recognize a goodwill impairment charge, under the new standard, the amount of the charge will be calculated by subtracting the reporting unit’s fair value from its carrying amount. Under the current standard, if the Company is required to recognize a goodwill impairment charge, Step 2 requires it to calculate the implied value of goodwill by assigning the fair value of a reporting unit to all of its assets and liabilities as if that reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination and the amount of the charge is calculated by subtracting the reporting unit’s implied fair value of goodwill from the goodwill carrying amount. The standard will be effective January 1, 2020 for the Company, with early adoption permitted, and should be applied prospectively from the date of adoption. The Company is currently evaluating when it will adopt ASU 2017-04 and its expected impact to related disclosures.

8

Note 4 – Fair Value Measurements

The following table represents the Company’s fair value hierarchy for its financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value (in thousands):

	Fair Value at March 31, 2017						Fair Value at December 31, 2016
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Money market funds(1)	$	51,816	$	―	$	―	$	95,896	$	―	$	―
Government-backed securities		―		19,000		―		―		19,000		―
Asset-backed securities(2)		―		48,573		―		―		23,632		―
Corporate debt securities(3)		―		76,249		―		―		79,470		―
Total assets	$	51,816	$	143,822	$	―	$	95,896	$	122,102	$	―
Liabilities
Convertible notes payable	$	―	$	148,671	$	―	$	―	$	141,989	$	―

(1) Classified as cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively (see Note 3).

(2) Includes $3,500 classified as cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2017 (see Note 3).

(3) Includes $5,991 and $11,976 classified as cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively (see Note 3).

Fixed-income investments categorized as Level 2 are valued at the custodian bank by a third-party pricing vendor’s valuation models that use verifiable observable market data, e.g., interest rates and yield curves observable at commonly quoted intervals and credit spreads, bids provided by brokers or dealers or quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics. Pricing of the Company’s Notes (see Note 7) has been estimated using other observable inputs, including the price of the Company’s common stock, implied volatility, interest rates and credit spreads among others. Over time, the Company expects a market for the Notes to develop. At that time, the Company intends to use trade data as the principal basis for measuring fair value.

During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company did not have any transfers between levels.

The amount in the Company’s unaudited consolidated balance sheets for accounts payable approximates its fair value due to its short-term nature. The Company’s milestone payment due to Wyeth (see Note 11) approximates its fair value at March 31, 2017, as the liability has been calculated based on an anticipated future payment date discounted at borrowing rates available to the Company.

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Note 5 – Marketable Securities

Marketable securities classified as available-for-sale as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were comprised of (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017									December 31, 2016
	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
Asset-backed securities	$	45,086	$	—	$	(13	)	$	45,073	$	23,636	$	—	$	(4	)	$	23,632
Corporate debt securities		70,213		57		(12	)		70,258		67,457		43		(6	)		67,494
Total	$	115,299	$	57	$	(25	)	$	115,331	$	91,093	$	43	$	(10	)	$	91,126

Marketable Securities – Unrealized Losses

The primary objective of the Company’s investment policy is the preservation of capital; thus, the Company’s investment policy limits investments to certain types of instruments with high-grade credit ratings, places restrictions on maturities and concentrations in certain industries and requires the Company to maintain a certain level of liquidity.

The Company owned 34 available-for-sale securities as of March 31, 2017. Of these 34 securities, 18 had combined unrealized losses of less than $0.1 million as of March 31, 2017. The Company did not have any investments in a loss position for greater than 12 months as of March 31, 2017. The Company has evaluated its marketable securities and has determined that none of these investments has an other-than-temporary impairment, as it has no intent to sell securities with unrealized losses and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell any securities with unrealized losses, given the Company’s current and anticipated financial position.

Note 6 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill

The change in the carrying amounts of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was as follows (in thousands):

	Amount
Balance at December 31, 2016	$	51,673
Currency translation adjustments		268
Balance at March 31, 2017	$	51,941

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Identifiable Intangible Assets

Purchased intangible assets consisted of the following as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017							December 31, 2016
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Intangible Assets, Net		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Intangible Assets, Net
Finite-lived intangible assets:
Proprietary adjuvant technology	$	8,345	$	(1,530	)	$	6,815	$	8,222	$	(1,404	)	$	6,818
Collaboration agreements		3,768		(1,422	)		2,346		3,713		(1,306	)		2,407
Total identifiable intangible assets	$	12,113	$	(2,952	)	$	9,161	$	11,935	$	(2,710	)	$	9,225

Amortization expense for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 was $0.2 million.

Estimated amortization expense for existing intangible assets for the remainder of 2017 and for each of the five succeeding years ending December 31 will be as follows (in thousands):

Year	Amount
2017 (remainder)	$	604
2018		805
2019		805
2020		687
2021		546
2022		523

Note 7 – Long-Term Debt

Convertible Notes

In the first quarter of 2016, the Company issued $325 million aggregate principal amount of convertible senior unsecured notes that will mature on February 1, 2023 (the “Notes”). The Notes are senior unsecured debt obligations and were issued at par. The Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture dated January 29, 2016 (the “Indenture”), between the Company and the trustee. The Company received $315.0 million in net proceeds from the offering after deducting underwriting fees and offering expenses. The Notes bear cash interest at a rate of 3.75%, payable on February 1 and August 1 of each year, beginning on August 1, 2016. The Notes are not redeemable prior to maturity and are convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock. The Notes are initially convertible into approximately 47,716,900 shares of the Company’s stock based on the initial conversion rate of 146.8213 shares of the Company’s common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the Notes. This represents an initial conversion price of approximately $6.81 per share of the Company’s common stock, representing an approximate 22.5% conversion premium based on the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock of $5.56 per share on January 25, 2016. In addition, the holders of the Notes may require the Company to repurchase the Notes at par value plus accrued and unpaid interest following the occurrence of a Fundamental Change (as described in the Indenture). If a holder of the Notes converts upon a Make-Whole Adjustment Event (as described in the Indenture), they may be eligible to receive a make-whole premium through an increase to the conversion rate up to a maximum of 179.8561 shares per $1,000 principal amount of Notes (subject to other adjustments as described in the Indenture).

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The Notes are accounted for in accordance with ASC 470-20, Debt with Conversion and Other Options (“ASC 470-20”) and ASC 815-40, Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (“ASC 815-40”). Under ASC 815-40, to qualify for equity classification (or nonbifurcation, if embedded) the instrument (or embedded feature) must be both (1) indexed to the issuer’s stock and (2) meet the requirements of the equity classification guidance. Based upon the Company’s analysis, it was determined the Notes do contain embedded features indexed to its own stock, but do not meet the requirements for bifurcation, and therefore do not need to be separately accounted for as an equity component. Since the embedded conversion feature meets the equity scope exception from derivative accounting, and also since the embedded conversion option does not need to be separately accounted for as an equity component under ASC 470-20, the proceeds received from the issuance of the convertible debt was recorded as a liability on the consolidated balance sheet.

In connection with the issuance of the Notes, the Company also paid $38.5 million, including expenses, to enter into privately negotiated capped call transactions with certain financial institutions (the “capped call transactions”). The capped call transactions are generally expected to reduce the potential dilution upon conversion of the Notes in the event that the market price per share of the Company’s common stock, as measured under the terms of the capped call transactions, is greater than the strike price of the capped call transactions, which initially corresponds to the conversion price of the Notes, and is subject to anti-dilution adjustments generally similar to those applicable to the conversion rate of the Notes. The cap price of the capped call transactions will initially be $9.73 per share, which represented a premium of approximately 75% based on the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock of $5.56 per share on January 25, 2016, and is subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the capped call transactions. If, however, the market price per share of the Company’s common stock, as measured under the terms of the capped call transactions, exceeds the cap price, there would nevertheless be dilution upon conversion of the Notes to the extent that such market price exceeds the cap price. The Company evaluated the capped call transactions under ASC 815-10, Derivatives and Hedging - Overall and determined that it should be accounted for as a separate transaction and that the capped call transactions will be classified as an equity instrument.

The Company incurred approximately $10.0 million of debt issuance costs during the first quarter of 2016 relating to the issuance of the Notes, which were recorded as a reduction to the Notes on the consolidated balance sheet. The $10.0 million of debt issuance costs is being amortized and recognized as additional interest expense over the 7 year contractual term of the Notes using the effective interest rate method. The Company also incurred $0.9 million of expenses related to the capped call transactions, which were recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in-capital.

Total convertible notes payable consisted of the following at (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017			December 31, 2016
Principal amount of Notes	$	325,000		$	325,000
Unamortized debt issuance costs		(8,305	)		(8,661	)
Total convertible notes payable	$	316,695		$	316,339

Interest expense incurred in connection with the Notes consisted of the following (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2017		2016
Coupon interest	$	3,047	$	2,099
Amortization of debt issuance costs		356		237
Total interest expense on Notes	$	3,403	$	2,336

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Note 8 – Stockholders’ Deficit

In December 2016, the Company filed a $200 million universal shelf registration statement that allows the Company to issue and sell common stock, preferred stock, warrants and/or units in one or more offerings up to an aggregate maximum offering amount of $125 million and up to $75 million in gross proceeds of its common stock pursuant to an At Market Issuance Sales Agreement (“Sales Agreement”), which the Company entered into in January 2017.

During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company sold 10.7 million shares of common stock between February 28, 2017 and March 30, 2017 (the “Trading Period”) resulting in $14.6 million in net proceeds (this amount excludes $0.2 million received in the second quarter of 2017 for shares traded in late March 2017). The highest and lowest weighted average daily sales price per share achieved under the Sales Agreement during the Trading Period was $1.52 on February 28, 2017 and $1.27 on March 21, 2017, respectively. The weighted average sales price achieved during the Trading Period was $1.43 per share. The Company has not made any sales under the Sales Agreement since March 30, 2017.

During the first quarter of 2016, in connection with the Company’s issuance of the Notes, the Company also entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions as discussed in Note 7.  The cost of the capped call transactions and associated expenses totaling $38.5 million were recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in-capital.

Note 9 – Stock-Based Compensation

Stock Options

The Amended and Restated 2005 Stock Incentive Plan (“2005 Plan”) expired in February 2015 and no new awards may be made under such plan, although awards will continue to be outstanding in accordance with their terms. The Board adopted the 2015 Stock Incentive Plan (“2015 Plan”) in March 2015, which was approved at the Company’s annual meeting of stockholders in June 2015. Under the 2015 Plan, equity awards may be granted to officers, directors, employees and consultants of and advisors to the Company and any present or future subsidiary.

The 2015 Plan authorizes the issuance of up to 31,000,000 shares of common stock under equity awards granted under the plan, including an increase of 6,000,000 shares approved at the Company’s 2016 annual meeting of stockholders. All such shares authorized for issuance under the 2015 Plan have been reserved. The Company will seek approval at its June 2017 annual meeting of stockholders to increase the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2015 Plan by 5,000,000 shares. The 2015 Plan will expire on March 4, 2025.

The 2015 Plan permits and the 2005 Plan permitted the grant of stock options (including incentive stock options), restricted stock, stock appreciation rights and restricted stock units. In addition, under the 2015 Plan, unrestricted stock, stock units and performance awards may be granted. Stock options and stock appreciation rights generally have a maximum term of 10 years and may be or were granted with an exercise price that is no less than 100% of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock at the time of grant. Grants of stock options are generally subject to vesting over periods ranging from six months to four years.

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Stock Options Awards

The following is a summary of option activity under the 2015 Plan and 2005 Plan for the three months ended March 31, 2017:

	2015 Plan					2005 Plan
	Stock Options			Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Stock Options			Weighted- Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at January 1, 2017		25,104,603		$	4.87		14,128,129		$	3.30
Granted		803,450		$	1.45		—		$	—
Exercised		—		$	—		(100,000	)	$	1.24
Canceled		(1,123,179	)	$	5.01		(629,325	)	$	3.85
Outstanding at March 31, 2017		24,784,874		$	4.75		13,398,804		$	3.29
Shares exercisable at March 31, 2017		5,679,375		$	7.36		11,474,679		$	3.01
Shares available for grant at March 31, 2017		6,170,126

The fair value of stock options granted under the 2015 Plan and 2005 Plan was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2017		2016
Weighted-average Black-Scholes fair value of stock options granted		$1.13		$2.45
Risk-free interest rate		1.73%-2.34%		1.25%-1.70%
Dividend yield		0%		0%
Volatility		88.91%-109.50%		57.86%-68.28%
Expected term (in years)		4.19-7.46		4.26-7.28
Expected forfeiture rate		0%		0%-16.33%

The total aggregate intrinsic value and weighted-average remaining contractual term of stock options outstanding under the 2015 Plan and 2005 Plan as of March 31, 2017 was less than $0.1 million and 7.7 years, respectively. The total aggregate intrinsic value and weighted-average remaining contractual term of stock options exercisable under the 2015 Plan and 2005 Plan as of March 31, 2017 was less than $0.1 million and 6.3 years, respectively. The aggregate intrinsic value represents the total intrinsic value (the difference between the Company’s closing stock price on the last trading day of the period and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money options) that would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options on March 31, 2017. This amount is subject to change based on changes to the closing price of the Company’s common stock. The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised and vesting of restricted stock awards for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 was less than $0.1 million and $1.8 million, respectively.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

In 2013, the Company adopted an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”), which currently authorizes an aggregate of 3,450,000 shares of common stock to be purchased, and the aggregate amount of shares will continue to increase 5% on each anniversary of its adoption up to a maximum of 4,000,000 shares. The number of authorized shares and the maximum number of shares both include an increase of 1,000,000 shares approved at the Company’s 2016 annual meeting of stockholders. The ESPP allows employees to purchase shares of common stock of the Company at each purchase date through payroll deductions of up to a maximum of 15% of their compensation, at 85% of the lesser of the market price of the shares at the time of purchase or the market price on the beginning date of an option period (or, if later, the date during the option period when the employee was first eligible to participate). At March 31, 2017, there were 1,185,869 shares available for issuance under the ESPP.

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The ESPP is considered compensatory for financial reporting purposes. As such, the fair value of ESPP shares was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2017		2016
Range of Black-Scholes fair values of ESPP shares granted		$1.05-$5.47		$1.86-$3.38
Risk-free interest rate		0.45%-0.70%		0.22%-0.44%
Dividend yield		0%		0%
Volatility		45.98%-267.85%		46.14%-86.75%
Expected term (in years)		0.5-2.0		0.5-2.0
Expected forfeiture rate		0%		5%

Restricted Stock Awards

The following is a summary of restricted stock awards activity for the three months ended March 31, 2017:

	Number of Shares			Per Share Weighted- Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Outstanding and Unvested at January 1, 2017		45,000		$	4.99
Restricted stock granted		―		$	―
Restricted stock vested		(26,250	)	$	4.99
Restricted stock forfeited		―		$	―
Outstanding and Unvested at March 31, 2017		18,750		$	4.99

The Company recorded all stock-based compensation expense in the consolidated statements of operations as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2017		2016
Research and development	$	2,215	$	3,233
General and administrative		1,998		1,728
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	4,213	$	4,961

As of March 31, 2017, there was approximately $40.7 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested stock options, ESPP and restricted stock awards. This unrecognized non-cash compensation expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.7 years, and will be allocated between research and development and general and administrative expenses accordingly. This estimate does not include the impact of other possible stock-based awards that may be made during future periods.

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Note 10 – Collaboration, U.S. Government Agreement and Joint Venture

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (“BMGF”) Grant Agreement

In support of the Company’s development of its RSV F Vaccine for infants via maternal immunization, in September 2015, the Company entered into an agreement (“Grant Agreement”) with BMGF, under which it was awarded a grant totaling up to $89.1 million (the “Grant”). The Grant will support development activities, including the Company’s global Phase 3 clinical trial in pregnant women in their third trimester, product licensing efforts and World Health Organization (“WHO”) prequalification of the RSV F Vaccine. The Company concurrently entered into a Global Access Commitments Agreement (“GACA”) with BMGF as a part of the Grant Agreement. Under the terms of the GACA, among other things, the Company agreed to make the RSV F Vaccine available and accessible at affordable pricing to people in certain low and middle income countries. Unless terminated earlier by BMGF, the GACA will continue in effect until the latter of 15 years from its effective date, or 10 years after the first sale of a product under defined circumstances. The term of the GACA may be extended in certain circumstances, by a period of up to five additional years. Payments received under the Grant Agreement are being recognized in the period in which the research and development activities are performed. Payments received in advance that are related to future performance are deferred and recognized as revenue when the research and development activities are performed. Cash payments received under the Grant are restricted as to their use until expenditures contemplated in the Grant are incurred. The Company recognized revenue from the Grant of $5.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2017, and has recognized approximately $18 million in revenue since the inception of the contract. At March 31, 2017, the Company’s current restricted cash and deferred revenue balances on the consolidated balance sheet represent its estimate of costs to be reimbursed and revenue to be recognized, respectively, in the next twelve months under the Grant Agreement.

HHS BARDA Contract for Recombinant Influenza Vaccines

HHS BARDA initially awarded the Company a contract in 2011, which has funded the development of both the Company’s quadrivalent seasonal and pandemic influenza virus-like particle (“VLP”) vaccine candidates. The contract with HHS BARDA was a cost-plus-fixed-fee contract, which reimbursed the Company for allowable direct contract costs incurred plus allowable indirect costs and a fixed-fee earned in the ongoing clinical development and product scale-up of its multivalent seasonal and monovalent pandemic H7N9 influenza VLP vaccine candidates. In September 2014, HHS BARDA exercised and initiated a two-year option to the contract, which included scope to support development activities leading up to planned Phase 3 clinical studies, added $70 million of funding on top of the remainder of the $97 million base period funding and extended the contract until September 2016. In June 2015, the contract was amended to increase the funding by $7.7 million to allow for the recovery of additional costs under the contract relating to the settlement of indirect rates for fiscal years 2011 and 2012. This additional amount was received and recorded as revenue in the second quarter of 2015. Advances in the Company’s seasonal influenza nanoparticle program have resulted in a natural conclusion of its activities under the HHS BARDA contract, which expired in accordance with its terms in September 2016.  Billings under the contract were provisional billings, subject to adjustment upon audit by the government, and were based on approved provisional indirect billing rates, which permit recovery of fringe benefits, overhead and general and administrative expenses. These indirect rates are subject to audit by HHS BARDA on an annual basis. An audit of indirect rates of fiscal years 2013 and 2014 was completed in the first quarter of 2017. When the final determination of the additional costs for fiscal years 2013 and 2014 has been made, and such amount is known and collection of the amount is reasonably assured, revenue and billings will be adjusted accordingly.

CPLB Joint Venture

In 2009, the Company formed a joint venture with Cadila Pharmaceuticals Limited (“Cadila”) named CPL Biologicals Private Limited (“CPLB”) to develop and manufacture vaccines, biological therapeutics and diagnostics in India. CPLB is owned 20% by the Company and 80% by Cadila. Because CPLB’s activities and operations are controlled and funded by Cadila, the Company accounts for its investment using the equity method. Since the carrying value of the Company’s initial investment was nominal and there is no guarantee or commitment to provide future funding, the Company has not recorded nor expects to record losses related to this investment in the foreseeable future. The Company has recognized as an expense the entire amount of purchases to date under the master services agreements related to CPLB as the Company has not recorded any equity income (loss) of CPLB (see Note 12).

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Note 11 – License agreement with Wyeth Holding Corporation

In 2007, the Company entered into an agreement to license certain rights from Wyeth Holdings Corporation, a subsidiary of Pfizer Inc. (“Wyeth”). The Wyeth license is a non-exclusive, worldwide license to a family of patents and patent applications covering VLP technology for use in human vaccines in certain fields, with expected patent expiration in early 2022. The Wyeth license provides for the Company to make an upfront payment (previously made), ongoing annual license fees, sublicense payments, milestone payments on certain development and commercialization activities and royalties on any product sales. Except in certain circumstances in which the Company continuously markets multiple products in a country within the same vaccine program, the milestone payments are one-time only payments applicable to each related vaccine program. At present, the Company’s seasonal influenza VLP vaccine program (including CPLB’s seasonal influenza program) and its pandemic influenza VLP vaccine program are the only two programs to which the Wyeth license applies. The license may be terminated by Wyeth only for cause and may be terminated by the Company only after it has provided ninety (90) days’ notice that the Company has absolutely and finally ceased activity, including through any affiliate or sublicense, related to the manufacturing, development, marketing or sale of products covered by the license. In September 2015, the Company entered into an amendment to the license agreement with Wyeth. Among other things, the amendment restructured the $3 million milestone payment (“Milestone”) owed as a result of CPLB’s initiation of a Phase 3 clinical trial for its recombinant trivalent seasonal VLP influenza vaccine candidate in 2014. Under the amendment, the Milestone, which has increased slightly over time, would be due in connection with the initiation of a Phase 3 clinical trial for the initial seasonal influenza VLP vaccine candidate being developed outside India, but in any case no later than December 31, 2017. The amendment also restructured the final milestone payment to apply to the initial seasonal influenza VLP vaccine candidate being developed outside India. Thus, the aggregate milestone payments for a seasonal influenza VLP vaccine candidate developed and commercialized was increased from $14 million to up to $15 million. In connection with the execution of the amendment, the Company agreed to pay a one-time only payment to Wyeth. The amendment also increased annual license maintenance fees associated with VLP vaccine candidates from $0.2 million to $0.3 million per year. Payments under the agreement to Wyeth as of March 31, 2017 aggregated to $7.6 million. At the time of September 2015 amendment discussed above, the Milestone was not expected to occur within the next 12 months. Therefore, the Milestone has been accrued for, on a discounted basis calculated based on the probable future payment date, and at March 31, 2017, the Milestone is recorded in accrued expenses. The Milestone was recorded as a research and development expense in 2014.

Note 12 – Related Party Transactions

Dr. Rajiv Modi, a director of the Company, is also the managing director of Cadila. The Company and Cadila have formed a joint venture, CPLB (see Note 10). A subsidiary of Cadila owns 2.5 million shares of the Company’s outstanding common stock as of March 31, 2017. The Company and Cadila have also entered into master services agreements, pursuant to which Cadila or CPLB may perform certain research, development and manufacturing services for the Company. For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company incurred $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively, in expenses under the master services agreements. The amount due and unpaid for services performed under the master services agreements at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 was less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively.

17

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Any statements in the discussion below and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report, about expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, assumptions or future events or performance of Novavax, Inc. (“Novavax”, and together with its wholly owned subsidiary Novavax AB, the “Company,” “we” or “us”) are not historical facts and are forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements include, without limitation, statements with respect to our capabilities, goals, expectations regarding future revenue and expense levels and capital raising activities; potential market sizes and demand for our product candidates; the efficacy, safety and intended utilization of our product candidates; the development of our clinical-stage product candidates and our recombinant vaccine and adjuvant technologies; the development of our preclinical product candidates; the conduct, timing and potential results from clinical trials and other preclinical studies; plans for and potential timing of regulatory filings; the expected timing and content of regulatory actions; reimbursement by the Department of Health and Human Services, Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (“HHS BARDA”); payments under our license with Wyeth Holdings LLC, a subsidiary of Pfizer Inc. (“Wyeth”); payments by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (“BMGF”); our available cash resources and the availability of financing generally, plans regarding partnering activities, business development initiatives and the adoption of stock incentive plans and amendments thereto; the effectiveness, and expected costs and savings, and the timing of such costs and savings, associated with the implementation, of our restructuring efforts, and other matters referenced herein. You generally can identify these forward-looking statements by the use of words or phrases such as “believe,” “may,” “could,” “will,” “would,” “possible,” “can,” “estimate,” “continue,” “ongoing,” “consider,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “seek,” “plan,” “project,” “expect,” “should,” “would,” or “assume” or the negative of these terms, or other comparable terminology, although not all forward-looking statements contain these words.

Accordingly, these statements involve estimates, assumptions and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in them. Any or all of our forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report may turn out to be inaccurate or materially different than actual results.

Because the risk factors discussed in this Quarterly Report and identified in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016, and other risk factors of which we are not aware, could cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of us, you should not place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements. These statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, known and unknown, which could cause actual results and developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied in such statements. We have included important factors in the cautionary statements included in this Quarterly Report, particularly those identified in Part II, Item 1A “Risk Factors,” and in Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, that we believe could cause actual results or events to differ materially from the forward-looking statements that we make. These and other risks may also be detailed and modified or updated in our reports and other documents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) from time to time. You are encouraged to read these filings as they are made.

We cannot guarantee future results, events, levels of activity, performance or achievement. Further, any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made, and we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, unless required by law. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict which factors will arise. In addition, we cannot assess the impact of each factor on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

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Overview

We are a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on the discovery, development and commercialization of recombinant nanoparticle vaccines and adjuvants. Using innovative proprietary recombinant nanoparticle vaccine technology, we produce vaccine candidates to efficiently and effectively respond to both known and emerging disease threats. Our vaccine candidates are genetically engineered three-dimensional nanostructures that incorporate recombinant proteins critical to disease pathogenesis. Our product pipeline targets a variety of infectious diseases, with clinical vaccine candidates for respiratory syncytial virus (“RSV”) and Ebola virus (“EBOV”), and preclinical programs for Zika virus (“ZIKV”), seasonal influenza and a combination respiratory vaccine candidate, as well as other infectious disease vaccine candidates.

We are also developing immune stimulating saponin-based adjuvants through our wholly owned Swedish subsidiary, Novavax AB. Our lead adjuvant, Matrix-M™, has been shown to enhance immune responses and was well-tolerated in multiple clinical trials that we have conducted. In addition, Genocea Biosciences, Inc. has licensed rights to our Matrix technology and has conducted Phase 2 clinical trials with its herpes simplex 2 vaccine candidate using Matrix-M.

Product Pipeline

Our product pipeline includes vaccine candidates engineered to elicit differentiated immune responses with the potential to provide increased protection. Our nanoparticle technology targets antigens with conserved epitopes essential for viral function. Unlike traditional vaccines that ‘mimic’ viruses and elicit naturally occurring immune responses to them, our nanoparticles are engineered to elicit differentiated immune responses, which may be more efficacious than naturally-occurring immunity. Our vaccine technology has the potential to be applied broadly to a wide variety of human infectious diseases. 

Program	Current Development Stage
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (“RSV”)
·Infants via Maternal Immunization	Phase 3*
·Older Adults	Phase 2
·Pediatrics	Phase 1
Emerging Viruses
·Ebola Virus (“EBOV”)	Phase 1
·Zika Virus (“ZIKV”)	Preclinical
Seasonal Influenza Nanoparticle	Preclinical
Combination Respiratory	Preclinical

*Supported by the $89.1 million grant from BMGF

A current summary of our significant research and development programs and status of the related products in development follows:

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Respiratory Syncytial Virus

We are developing our respiratory syncytial virus fusion (F) protein nanoparticle vaccine candidate (“RSV F Vaccine”) for three susceptible target populations: infants via maternal immunization, older adults (60 years of age and older) and children six months to five years of age (“pediatrics”). We believe our RSV F Vaccine represents a multi-billion dollar revenue opportunity, worldwide. Currently, there is no approved RSV vaccine available.

Repeat infection and lifelong susceptibility to RSV are common and we currently estimate the global cost burden of RSV to be in excess of $88 billion.¹ Despite decades of effort to develop an RSV vaccine, there are currently no licensed vaccines. Although the monoclonal antibody palivizumab (Synagis®) is indicated for the prevention of serious lower respiratory tract disease caused by RSV in children at high risk of RSV disease, it is not indicated for use in other populations. We made a breakthrough in developing a vaccine that targets the fusion protein, or F-protein, of the virus. The F-protein has highly conserved amino acid sequences, called antigenic sites, which we believe are ideal vaccine targets. Palivizumab, which targets one such site, antigenic site II, has demonstrated protection in five randomized clinical trials. We genetically engineered a novel F-protein antigen resulting in enhanced immunogenicity by exposing these antigenic sites. The Novavax RSV F Vaccine assembles into a recombinant protein nanoparticle optimized for F-protein antigen presentation. We are seeking to bring the first RSV vaccine to market to combat the 64 million RSV infections that occur globally each year.^2,3

RSV Infants via Maternal Immunization Program

Burden of Disease

RSV is the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infections and the leading viral cause of severe lower respiratory tract disease in infants and young children worldwide.^4,5 In the U.S., RSV is the leading cause of hospitalization of infants, and globally, is second only to malaria as a cause of death in children under one year of age.^6,7Despite the induction of post-infection immunity, repeat infection and lifelong susceptibility to RSV is common.^8,9

Clinical Trial Update

Prepare Phase 3 Trial (Ongoing)

We initiated Prepare™, a global pivotal Phase 3 clinical trial of our RSV F Vaccine in 5,000 to 8,255 healthy pregnant women in December 2015. The primary objective of the Prepare trial is to determine the efficacy of maternal immunization with the RSV F Vaccine against symptomatic RSV lower respiratory tract infection with objective measures of medical significance in infants through a minimum of the first 90 days of life. The Prepare trial utilizes a group sequential design and is expected to take between three and four years for enrollment to complete. We have been in discussion with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (“FDA”) about conducting an informational analysis of the Prepare trial that would provide an indication of our vaccine’s potential efficacy against the primary endpoint. From these discussions, we continue to believe that we will be able to conduct such an analysis in late 2017 in a manner that would not unblind the ongoing clinical trial.

The Prepare trial is supported by a grant (the “Grant”) of up to $89.1 million from BMGF. The Grant supports development activities, product licensing efforts and World Health Organization (“WHO”) prequalification of our RSV F Vaccine. In 2015, along with the Grant agreement (the “Grant Agreement”), we concurrently entered into a Global Access Commitments Agreement with BMGF, under which we agreed to make the RSV F Vaccine available and accessible at affordable pricing to people in certain low and middle income countries.

¹ Estimated value of life lost, future health implications and lost earnings; Preliminary data based on Novavax research of available epidemiology and health outcomes data

² Nair, H., et al., (2010) Lancet. 375:1545 - 1555

³ WHO Acute Respiratory Infections September 2009 Update: http://apps.who.int/vaccine_research/diseases/ari/en/index2.html

⁴ Nair, H., et al., (2010) Lancet. 375:1545 - 1555

⁵ CDC: https://www.cdc.gov/rsv/research/us-surveillance.html

⁶ Hall, C.B. et al. (2013) Pediatrics; 132(2):E341-348

⁷ Oxford Vaccine Group: http://www.ovg.ox.ac.uk/rsv

⁸ Glezen, W.P. et al. (1986) Am J Dis Child; 140:543-546

⁹ Glenn, G.M. et al. (2016) JID; 213(3):411-12

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Phase 2 Safety and Immunogenicity Trial (Completed)

In September 2015, we announced positive top-line data from a Phase 2 clinical trial of our RSV F Vaccine in 50 healthy pregnant women and their infants. This clinical trial evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of our RSV F Vaccine in pregnant women in their third trimester, and assessed the transplacental transfer of maternal antibodies induced by the vaccine. The trial also examined the impact of maternal immunization on infant safety during the first year of life and RSV-specific antibody levels through the infants’ first six months of life. Immunized women demonstrated a geometric mean 14-fold rise in anti-F IgG, 29-fold rise in palivizumab-competing antibodies and a 2.7 and 2.1-fold rise in microneutralization titers against RSV/A and RSV/B, respectively. In contrast, women who received placebo demonstrated no significant change in antibody levels. The infants’ antibody levels at delivery averaged 90-100% of the mothers’ levels, indicating efficient transplacental transfer of antibodies from mother to infant. The estimated half-lives of infant PCA, anti-F IgG, RSV/A and RSV/B microneutralizing antibodies, based on data through day 60, were 41, 30, 36 and 34 days, respectively.

Fast Track Designation

The FDA granted Fast Track designation to our RSV F Vaccine for protection of infants via maternal immunization. Fast Track designation is intended for products that treat serious or life-threatening diseases or conditions, and that demonstrate the potential to address unmet medical needs for such diseases or conditions. The program is designed to facilitate development and expedite review of drugs to treat serious and life-threatening conditions so that an approved product can reach the market expeditiously.

RSV Older Adults Program

Burden of Disease

Adults 60 years of age and older are at increased risk for RSV disease due to immunosenescence, the age-related decline in the human immune system. In this population, RSV is an important respiratory virus, distinct from influenza, that is frequently responsible for serious lower respiratory tract disease and may lead to hospitalization or even death. Additionally, RSV infection can lead to exacerbation of underlying co-morbidities such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma and congestive heart failure. In the U.S., the incidence rate is approximately 2.5 million infections per year, and RSV is increasingly recognized as a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the population of 64 million older adults.^10,11 Based on our analysis of published literature applied to 2014 U.S. population estimates, the disease causes 207,000 hospitalizations and 16,000 deaths among adults older than 65.^12,13 Annually, we estimate that there are approximately 900,000 medical interventions directly caused by RSV disease across all populations.^14,15

Clinical Trial Update

Phase 2 Safety and Immunogenicity Trial (Ongoing)

In January 2017, we announced the initiation of a Phase 2 clinical trial of the RSV F Vaccine in older adults. The objective of this Phase 2 trial is to assess safety and immunogenicity to one and two dose regimens of the RSV F Vaccine, with and without aluminum phosphate or our proprietary Matrix-M adjuvant, in older adults. The trial is a randomized, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled trial which has enrolled 300 older adults in the Southern Hemisphere. Participants were enrolled and vaccinated outside of the RSV season to best assess immunogenicity, with top-line data expected in the third quarter of 2017.

¹⁰ Falsey, A.R. et al. (2005) NEJM. 352:1749–59 extrapolated to 2015 census population

¹¹ Falsey, A.R. et al. (1995) JID.172:389-94

¹² Falsey, A.R. et al. (2005) NEJM. 352:1749–59 extrapolated to 2015 census population

¹³ W.W. Thompson et al. Mortality associated with influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in the United States. JAMA 2003; 289(2): 179-186

¹⁴ K. Widmer et al. Rates of hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, and influenza virus in older adults. J Infect Dis. 2012; 206: 56-62

¹⁵ K. Widmer et al. Respiratory syncytial virus & human metapneumovirus-associated emergency department and hospital burden in adults. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses. 2014; 8(3): 347-352.

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Resolve Phase 3 Trial (Completed)

In September 2016, we announced top-line data from the Phase 3 clinical trial of our RSV F Vaccine in older adults, known as Resolve™. Resolve was a randomized, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled trial that began in November 2015, and was fully enrolled with 11,856 older adults at 60 sites in the U.S. by December 2015. Historically, annual seasonal attack rates for all symptomatic respiratory disease due to RSV (“RSV ARD”) of between 3% and 7% have been observed in older adults.¹⁶

In our Phase 2 trial conducted during the 2014-2015 RSV season, we observed an RSV ARD attack rate of 4.9%, with an attack rate of 1.8% for moderate-severe RSV-associated lower respiratory tract disease (“RSV msLRTD”), which aligns with peer-reviewed literature.¹⁷ In the Resolve trial, in contrast, we observed an RSV ARD attack rate of 2.0% and an RSV msLRTD attack rate of 0.4%. These unexpectedly low attack rates indicated a mild 2015-2016 RSV season in older adults. The trial did not meet the pre-specified primary or secondary efficacy objectives and did not demonstrate vaccine efficacy. The primary objective of the Resolve trial was to demonstrate efficacy in the prevention of moderate-severe RSV msLRTD, as defined by the presence of multiple lower respiratory tract symptoms. The secondary objective of the trial was to demonstrate efficacy of the RSV F Vaccine in reducing the incidence of all symptomatic respiratory disease due to RSV ARD. The trial also evaluated the safety of the unadjuvanted, 135 microgram dose of the RSV F Vaccine compared to placebo and consistent with our previous clinical experience, the vaccine was well-tolerated. We continue to analyze data from the Resolve trial in order to better understand these results and to map a path forward for this important program. Our efforts include analyses of existing immunogenicity and efficacy data, and application of new assays to archived samples. We have also undertaken external epidemiology studies to further understand the attack rate, healthcare burden and seasonality of RSV disease in older adults. We expect these analyses to provide important information and context when we review the results from the Phase 2 clinical trial in older adults that we initiated in January 2017.

Phase 2 Rollover Trial (Completed)

In September 2016, we also announced positive top-line data from the Phase 2 rollover clinical trial of our RSV F Vaccine in older adults. The trial was a randomized, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled rollover trial, which enrolled 1,329 older adults from the prior Phase 2 trial, conducted at the same 10 sites in the U.S. as our completed Phase 2 clinical trial in older adults. The primary objectives of the trial evaluated safety and serum anti-F IgG antibody concentrations in response to immunization with the RSV F Vaccine. The exploratory objectives of the trial evaluated the efficacy of a second annual dose of the RSV F Vaccine in the prevention of RSV ARD and RSV msLRTD. Participants previously randomized to receive 135 microgram RSV F Vaccine or placebo were re-enrolled and re-randomized in the current trial to receive either 135 microgram RSV F Vaccine or placebo. This resulted in analysis of four separate trial arms: a) participants receiving a placebo in both the first trial and second trial (“Placebo-Placebo”); b) participants receiving RSV F Vaccine in the first trial and placebo in the second trial (“Vaccine-Placebo”); c) participants receiving placebo in the first trial and RSV F Vaccine in the second trial (“Placebo-Vaccine”); and d) participants receiving RSV F Vaccine in both the first trial and second trial (“Vaccine-Vaccine”).

The rollover trial demonstrated immunogenicity in all active vaccine recipients, with a 6-fold increase in anti-F IgG in the Placebo-Vaccine arm, consistent with the Phase 2 efficacy trial. There was higher anti-F IgG at baseline in the Vaccine-Vaccine arm compared to the Placebo-Vaccine arm and the Vaccine-Vaccine arm showed a greater than 2-fold increase in anti-F IgG from the higher baseline. The rollover trial confirmed the low attack rates witnessed during the Resolve trial.

¹⁶ Falsey, A.R. et al. (2005) NEJM. 352:1749–59 extrapolated to 2015 census population

¹⁷ Falsey, A.R. et al. (2005) NEJM. 352:1749–59

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Phase 2 Trial in Older Adults (Completed)

In August 2015, we announced positive top-line data from a Phase 2 clinical trial of our RSV F Vaccine in 1,600 older adults. The clinical trial was designed to prospectively examine the incidence of all symptomatic respiratory illnesses associated with RSV infection, in community-living older adults who were treated with placebo. The trial also evaluated safety and immunogenicity of our RSV F Vaccine compared to placebo. Finally, the trial estimated the efficacy of our RSV F Vaccine in reducing the incidence of respiratory illness due to RSV. The trial was the first to demonstrate efficacy of an active RSV immunization in any clinical trial population. In the per protocol population, the clinical trial showed statistically significant vaccine efficacy in prevention of all symptomatic RSV disease (41%) and, in an ad hoc analysis, showed a decrease in RSV disease with any symptoms of lower respiratory tract infection (45%) in older adults. The clinical trial established an attack rate for symptomatic RSV disease of 4.9% in older adults, 95% of which included lower respiratory track symptoms. Efficacy against more severe RSV illness, defined by the presence of multiple lower respiratory tract symptoms or signs associated with difficulty breathing, was 64% in ad hoc analyses.

RSV Pediatrics Program

Burden of Disease

There are currently approximately 18 million children in the U.S. between six months and five years of age.¹⁸ By the age of five, essentially all children will have been exposed to RSV and will likely have developed natural immunity against the virus, thus decreasing the rate of severe disease in these children. In the U.S., RSV is responsible for approximately 57,000 hospitalizations of children under five years of age annually, the vast majority of which occur in infants less than one year old, and especially those under six months of age. ^{19,20,21,22,23}

Clinical Trial Update

In September 2015, we announced positive top-line data from a Phase 1 clinical trial of our RSV F Vaccine in healthy children between two and six years of age. This clinical trial evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of our RSV F Vaccine, with one or two doses, with or without aluminum phosphate adjuvant. Trial enrollment was concluded with a smaller than planned cohort so that dosing could be completed ahead of the 2014-2015 RSV season. The vaccine was well-tolerated and serum samples collected from a subset of 18 immunized children in the per-protocol population, demonstrated that the RSV F Vaccine was highly immunogenic at all formulations and regimens. There were greater than 10-fold increases in both anti-F IgG and PCA antibody titers in the adjuvanted group and greater than 6-fold increases in anti-F IgG and PCA antibody titers in the unadjuvanted group. We are assessing the next steps in the development of our RSV F Vaccine for pediatrics.

¹⁸ U.S. Census. www.census.go/population/international/data/idb/informationGateway.php

¹⁹ Stockman, L.J. et al (2012) Pediatr Infect Dis J. 31: 5-9

²⁰ CDC update May 5, 2015. http://www.cdc.gov/rsv/research/us-surveillance.html

²¹ Boyce, T.G. et al (2000) Pediatrics; 137: 865-870

²² Hall, C.B. et al (2009) NEJM; 360(6): 588-98

²³ Hall, C.B. et al (2013) Pediatrics; 132(2): E341-8

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Emerging Disease

Ebola Virus

EBOV, formerly known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever, is a severe, often fatal illness in humans. Multiple strains of EBOV have been identified, the most recent of which, the Makona EBOV strain, is associated with a case fatality rate of 50% to 90%.²⁴ There are currently no licensed treatments proven to neutralize the virus, but a range of blood, immunological and drug therapies are under development. Despite the development of such therapies, current vaccine approaches target either a previous strain of the virus or were initially developed to be delivered by genetic vectors. In contrast, our EBOV glycoprotein vaccine candidate (“Ebola GP Vaccine”) was developed using the Makona EBOV strain.

In July 2015, we announced top-line data from our Phase 1 clinical trial of our Ebola GP Vaccine in ascending doses, with and without our Matrix-M adjuvant, in 230 healthy adults. Participants received either one or two intramuscular injections ranging from 6.5µg to 50µg of antigen, with or without adjuvant, or placebo. Immunogenicity was assessed at multiple time points, including days 28 and 35. These Phase 1 data demonstrated that our Ebola GP Vaccine is highly immunogenic, well-tolerated and, in conjunction with our proprietary Matrix-M adjuvant, resulted in significant antigen dose-sparing. The adjuvanted Ebola GP Vaccine was highly immunogenic at all dose levels; the adjuvanted two-dose regimens induced Ebola anti-GP antibody geometric mean responses between 45,000 and 70,000 ELISA units, representing a 500 to 750-fold rise over baseline at day 35. In 2015, we also announced successful data from two separate non-human primate challenge studies of our Ebola GP Vaccine in which, in both cases, the challenge was lethal for the control animal, whereas 100% of the immunized animals were protected.

ZIKV EnvD Vaccine

We initiated development of a vaccine against the Zika virus (“ZIKV”) in response to the unmet global medical need for a response to this serious disease. Beginning in 2015, ZIKV spread in South, Central and North America via mosquito-borne and sexual transmission. Although acute ZIKV infections in adults are generally either asymptomatic or associated with mild symptoms (fever, joint pains and skin rash), more serious outcomes can occur, including Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults and, microcephaly in infants of women infected during pregnancy. There is no approved vaccine against ZIKV, although a number of companies have announced vaccine development efforts. We are currently conducting IND-enabling preclinical studies, including studies in non-human primates and other animal models, with the goal of initiating a Phase 1 clinical trial of our ZIKV envelope dimer nanoparticle vaccine candidate (“ZIKV EnvD Vaccine”) in 2017.

Seasonal Influenza

Influenza is a world-wide infectious disease that causes illness in humans with symptoms ranging from mild to life-threatening or even death. Serious illness occurs not only in susceptible populations such as pediatrics and older adults, but also in the general population largely because of infection by unique strains of influenza for which most humans have not developed protective antibodies. Current estimates for seasonal influenza vaccine growth in the top seven markets (U.S., Japan, France, Germany, Italy, Spain and UK), show a potential increase from approximately $3.2 billion in the 2012-2013 season to $5.3 billion by the 2021-2022 season.²⁵

The Advisory Committee for Immunization Practices of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (“CDC”) recommends that all persons aged six months and older be vaccinated annually against seasonal influenza. Influenza is a major burden on public health worldwide: an estimated one million deaths each year are attributed to influenza.²⁶ It is further estimated that, each year, influenza attacks between 5% and 10% of adults and 20% to 30% of children, causing significant levels of illness, hospitalization and death.²⁷ Recombinant seasonal influenza vaccines, like the candidate we are developing, have an important advantage: once licensed for commercial sale, large quantities of such vaccine can potentially be manufactured quickly and in a cost-effective manner, without the use of either the live influenza virus or eggs.

After many years of developing virus-like particle (“VLP”)-based seasonal influenza vaccine candidates, we have identified advantages of developing nanoparticle-based seasonal influenza vaccines. In particular, influenza nanoparticles can display conserved antigenic regions, which have the potential to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies that may offer protection against a range of drifted strains. Additionally, nanoparticles offer improved purity and manufacturability and advantages for co-formulation with other nanoparticle-based vaccines. We expect to continue to develop our nanoparticle influenza vaccine program with the goal of initiating a Phase 1 clinical trial in late 2017.

²⁴ WHO: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs103/en/

²⁵ Influenza Vaccines Forecasts. Datamonitor (2013)

²⁶ Resolution of the World Health Assembly. (2003) WHA56.19. 28

²⁷ WHO position paper (2012) Weekly Epidemiol Record;87(47):461–76

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Combination Respiratory Vaccine

Given the ongoing development of our RSV F Vaccine and our desire to develop a combination respiratory vaccine with the potential to protect against both RSV and seasonal influenza, we made the decision to shift our seasonal influenza vaccine development focus from VLP-based seasonal influenza vaccines to nanoparticle-based seasonal influenza vaccines. Early preclinical development efforts give us confidence that such a combination vaccine is feasible.

CPLB Joint Venture (India)

CPL Biologicals Private Limited (“CPLB”), our joint venture company with Cadila Pharmaceuticals Limited (“Cadila”) in India, is actively developing a number of vaccine candidates that were genetically engineered by us. CPLB is owned 20% by us and 80% by Cadila. CPLB operates a manufacturing facility in India for the production of vaccines.

Seasonal Influenza

CPLB received marketing authorization, the Indian equivalent of approval of a Biologics License Application, for its trivalent and monovalent seasonal VLP influenza vaccines and is currently manufacturing with limited sales in 2016 and limited expected sales in 2017.

Rabies

In October 2016, CPLB initiated its Phase 3 clinical trial in India of a rabies G protein vaccine candidate that we genetically engineered, and that can be administered both as a pre-exposure prophylactic and a post-exposure therapeutic regimen. The post-exposure regimen has the potential to use fewer doses (three doses) than the current standard of care (five doses).

Sales of Common Stock

In January 2017, we entered into an At Market Issuance Sales Agreement (“Sales Agreement”), which allows us to issue and sell up to $75 million in gross proceeds of our common stock. During the three months ended March 31, 2017, we sold 10.7 million shares of common stock between February 28, 2017 and March 30, 2017 (the “Trading Period”) resulting in $14.6 million in net proceeds (this amount excludes $0.2 million received in the second quarter of 2017 for shares traded in late March 2017). The highest and lowest weighted average daily sales price per share achieved under the Sales Agreement during the Trading Period was $1.52 on February 28, 2017 and $1.27 on March 21, 2017, respectively. The weighted average sales price achieved during the Trading Period was $1.43 per share. We have not made any sales under the Sales Agreement since March 30, 2017.

Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates

There are no material changes to our critical accounting policies as described in Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016, as filed with the SEC.

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”), which supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under Topic 605, Revenue Recognition. The new standard requires a company to recognize revenue when it transfers goods and services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that the company expects to receive for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 defines a five-step process that includes identifying the contract with the customer, identifying the performance obligations in the contract, determining the transaction price, allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and recognizing revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies the performance obligations. In July 2015, the FASB approved a one-year deferral of the effective date of the new standard to 2018 for public companies, with an option that would permit companies to adopt the new standard as early as the original effective date of 2017. Early adoption prior to the original effective date is not permitted. ASU 2014-09 allows for either full retrospective or modified retrospective adoption. We have completed an initial assessment of the potential changes from adopting ASU 2014-09, primarily by reviewing our current revenue streams and deferred revenue balances. Based on our initial assessment, we do not expect any material changes to the recognition of our revenue. We have not yet completed our final review of the impact of this guidance, and in 2017, we will continue to evaluate the impacts of adoption over the coming quarters. We currently expect to apply ASU 2014-09 on a modified retrospective basis as of January 1, 2018. We will continue to monitor additional changes, modifications, clarifications or interpretations being undertaken by the FASB, which may impact our current evaluation.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) that increases transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosure of key information about leasing arrangements for both lessees and lessors. The standard will be effective January 1, 2019 for us, with early adoption permitted. The standard will be applied using a modified retrospective approach to the beginning of the earliest period presented in the financial statements.  We are currently evaluating when we will adopt the standard and the expected impact to our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350) (“ASU 2017-04”), which will simplify the goodwill impairment calculation, by eliminating Step 2 from the current goodwill impairment test. The new standard does not change how a goodwill impairment is identified. We will continue to perform our quantitative goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of our reporting unit to its carrying amount, but if we are required to recognize a goodwill impairment charge, under the new standard, the amount of the charge will be calculated by subtracting the reporting unit’s fair value from its carrying amount. Under the current standard, if we are required to recognize a goodwill impairment charge, Step 2 requires us to calculate the implied value of goodwill by assigning the fair value of a reporting unit to all of its assets and liabilities as if that reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination and the amount of the charge is calculated by subtracting the reporting unit’s implied fair value of goodwill from the goodwill carrying amount. The standard will be effective January 1, 2020 for us, with early adoption permitted, and should be applied prospectively from the date of adoption. We are currently evaluating when we will adopt ASU 2017-04 and its expected impact to related disclosures.

Results of Operations

The following is a discussion of the historical financial condition and results of operations of the Company and should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto set forth in this Quarterly Report.

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Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (amounts in tables are presented in thousands, except per share information)

Revenue:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2017		2016		Change 2016 to 2017
Revenue:
Total revenue	$	5,680	$	4,218	$	1,462

Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $5.7 million as compared to $4.2 million for the same period in 2016, an increase of $1.5 million or 35%.  Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 is primarily comprised of services performed under the Grant Agreement and the HHS BARDA contract. Revenue increased under the Grant Agreement as a result of increased enrollment of participants in Prepare. This increase in revenue was partially offset by $1.9 million in decreased revenue from the HHS BARDA contract, which expired in accordance with its terms in September 2016.

We expect revenue in 2017 under the Grant Agreement to be significantly higher than in 2016 as we increase enrollment of participants in Prepare.

Expenses:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2017		2016		Change 2016 to 2017
Expenses:
Research and development	$	37,654	$	68,952	$	(31,298	)
General and administrative		8,852		10,528		(1,676	)
Total expenses	$	46,506	$	79,480	$	(32,974	)

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses include salaries, laboratory supplies, consultants and subcontractors and other expenses associated with our process development, manufacturing, clinical, regulatory and quality assurance activities for our programs. In addition, indirect costs such as fringe benefits and overhead expenses, are also included in research and development expenses. Research and development expenses decreased to $37.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 from $69.0 million for the same period in 2016, a decrease of $31.3 million, or 45%. The decrease in research and development expenses was primarily due to lower costs associated with the clinical trials and development activities of our RSV F Vaccine and lower employee-related costs. At March 31, 2017, we had 302 employees dedicated to our research and development programs versus 410 employees as of March 31, 2016. For 2017, we expect a significant decrease in research and development expenses primarily due to lower anticipated RSV F Vaccine candidate clinical trials and employee-related costs to support product development of our RSV F Vaccine candidate and other potential vaccine candidates.

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Expenses by Functional Area

We track our research and development expenses by the type of costs incurred in identifying, developing, manufacturing and testing vaccine candidates. We evaluate and prioritize our activities according to functional area and therefore believe that project-by-project information would not form a reasonable basis for disclosure to our investors. Historically, we did not account for internal research and development expenses by project, since our employees work time is spread across multiple programs, and our internal manufacturing clean-room facility produces multiple vaccine candidates.

The following summarizes our research and development expenses by functional area for the three months ended March 31 (in millions).

	2017		2016
Manufacturing	$	18.9	$	28.6
Vaccine Discovery		1.5		1.5
Clinical and Regulatory		17.3		38.9
Total research and development expenses	$	37.7	$	69.0

We do not provide forward-looking estimates of costs and time to complete our research programs due to the many uncertainties associated with vaccine development. As we obtain data from preclinical studies and clinical trials, we may elect to discontinue or delay clinical trials in order to focus our resources on more promising vaccine candidates. Completion of clinical trials may take several years or more, but the length of time can vary substantially depending upon the phase, size of clinical trial, primary and secondary endpoints and the intended use of the vaccine candidate. The cost of clinical trials may vary significantly over the life of a project as a result of a variety of factors, including: the number of patients who participate in the clinical trials and the specific patient population; the number of sites included in the clinical trials; whether clinical trial locations are domestic, international or both; the time to enroll patients; the duration of treatment and follow-up; the safety and efficacy profile of the vaccine candidate; and the cost and timing of, and the ability to secure, regulatory approvals.

As a result of these uncertainties, we are unable to determine with any significant degree of certainty the duration and completion costs of our research and development projects or when, and to what extent, we will generate future cash flows from our research projects.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses decreased to $8.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 from $10.5 million for the same period in 2016, a decrease of $1.7 million, or 16%. The decrease was primarily due to lower professional fees for pre-commercialization activities, as compared to the same period in 2016. At March 31, 2017, we had 53 employees dedicated to general and administrative functions versus 55 employees as of March 31, 2016. For 2017, we expect general and administrative expenses to decrease primarily due to employee headcount reductions resulting in lower anticipated employee costs and reduced activities related to the anticipated commercialization of our RSV F Vaccine.

Other Income (Expense):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2017			2016			Change 2016 to 2017
Other Income (Expense):
Investment income	$	474		$	473		$	1
Interest expense		(3,513	)		(2,430	)		(1,083	)
Other income (expense)		11			(33	)		44
Total other income (expense)	$	(3,028	)	$	(1,990	)	$	(1,038	)

We had total other expense of $3.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 as compared to $2.0 million for the same period in 2016. Our interest expense increased due to the issuance of $325 million aggregate principal amount of convertible senior unsecured notes (the “Notes”) in the first quarter of 2016, which will mature on February 1, 2023.

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Net Loss:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2017			2016			Change 2016 to 2017
Net Loss:
Net loss	$	(43,854	)	$	(77,252	)	$	33,398
Net loss per share	$	(0.16	)	$	(0.29	)	$	0.13
Weighted shares outstanding		274,178			270,179			3,999

Net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $43.9 million, or $0.16 per share, as compared to $77.3 million, or $0.29 per share, for the same period in 2016, a decreased net loss of $33.4 million. The decreased net loss was primarily due to lower research and development spending, including decreased costs relating to the clinical trials and development activities of our RSV F Vaccine and lower employee-related costs, as compared to the same period in 2016.

Weighted average shares outstanding for the three months ended March 31, 2017 increased by 1.5% as compared to the same period in 2016, primarily as a result of sales of our common stock in 2017.

Liquidity Matters and Capital Resources

Our future capital requirements depend on numerous factors including, but not limited to, the commitments and progress of our research and development programs, the progress of preclinical and clinical testing, the time and costs involved in obtaining regulatory approvals, the costs of filing, prosecuting, defending and enforcing patent claims and other intellectual property rights and manufacturing costs. We plan to continue to have multiple vaccines and products in various stages of development, and we believe our operating expenses and capital requirements will fluctuate depending upon the timing of certain events, such as the scope, initiation, rate and progress of our preclinical studies and clinical trials and other research and development activities.

As of March 31, 2017, we had $211.2 million in cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities as compared to $235.5 million as of December 31, 2016. These amounts consisted of $95.8 million in cash and cash equivalents and $115.3 million in marketable securities as of March 31, 2017 as compared to $144.4 million in cash and cash equivalents and $91.1 million in marketable securities as of December 31, 2016.

The following table summarizes cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2017			2016			Change 2016 to 2017
Summary of Cash Flows:
Net cash (used in) provided by:
Operating activities	$	(38,617	)	$	(69,831	)	$	31,214
Investing activities		(25,284	)		(169,440	)		144,156
Financing activities		15,364			278,351			(262,987	)
Effect on exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents		31			37			(6	)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents		(48,506	)		39,117			(87,623	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		144,353			93,108			51,245
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	95,847		$	132,225		$	(36,378	)

Net cash used in operating activities decreased to $38.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 as compared to $69.8 million for the same period in 2016. The decrease in cash usage was primarily due to decreased costs relating to our RSV F Vaccine and lower employee-related costs.

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During the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, our investing activities consisted of purchases and maturities of marketable securities and capital expenditures. During the first quarter of 2017 and 2016, we primarily purchased marketable securities to increase our rate of return on our marketable securities relative to returns available to money market funds. Capital expenditures for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 were $1.1 million and $5.5 million, respectively. The decrease in capital expenditures was primarily due to reduced capital requirements based on our current operating plans. In 2017, we expect our level of capital expenditures to be significantly lower than our 2016 spending primarily due to the timelines being extended for the commercialization of our RSV F Vaccine.

Our financing activities consisted primarily of sales of our common stock, issuance of Notes and to a lesser extent, stock option exercises and purchases under our employee stock purchase plan. In the three months ended March 31, 2017, we received net proceeds of $14.6 million from selling shares of common stock through our Sales Agreement during the Trading Period. The highest and lowest weighted average daily sales price per share achieved under the Sales Agreement during the Trading Period was $1.52 on February 28, 2017 and $1.27 on March 21, 2017, respectively. The weighted average sales price achieved during the Trading Period was $1.43 per share. We have not made any sales under the Sales Agreement since March 30, 2017. In the three months ended March 31, 2016, we received net proceeds of $276.5 million through the issuance of our Notes and payments of capped call transactions (see Note 7).

In August 2015, we amended the lease for our facility located in Gaithersburg, Maryland to increase the amount of space leased by us to now include the entire facility. Under the terms of the amended lease, the landlord shall provide us with a tenant improvement allowance of $3.9 million. Through March 31, 2017, we were funded $3.4 million under this tenant improvement allowance. In May 2016, we entered into a lease for a facility located in Gaithersburg, Maryland and under the terms of the lease the landlord shall provide us with a tenant improvement allowance of up to $9.6 million, and $1.0 million has been funded as of March 31, 2017.

In 2007, we entered into an agreement to license certain rights from Wyeth. The Wyeth license is a non-exclusive, worldwide license to a family of patents and patent applications covering VLP technology for use in human vaccines in certain fields, with expected patent expiration in early 2022. The Wyeth license provides for us to make an upfront payment (previously made), ongoing annual license fees, sublicense payments, milestone payments on certain development and commercialization activities and royalties on any product sales. Except in certain circumstances in which we continuously market multiple products in a country within the same vaccine program, the milestone payments are one-time only payments applicable to each related vaccine program. At present, our seasonal influenza VLP vaccine program (including CPLB’s seasonal influenza program) and our pandemic influenza VLP vaccine program are the only two programs to which the Wyeth license applies. The license may be terminated by Wyeth only for cause and may be terminated by us only after we have provided ninety (90) days’ notice that we have absolutely and finally ceased activity, including through any affiliate or sublicense, related to the manufacturing, development, marketing or sale of products covered by the license. In September 2015, we amended the license agreement with Wyeth. Among other things, the amendment restructured the $3 million milestone payment (“Milestone”) owed as a result of CPLB’s initiation of a Phase 3 clinical trial for its recombinant trivalent seasonal VLP influenza vaccine candidate in 2014. Under the amendment, the milestone payment, which has increased slightly over time, shall be due in connection with the initiation of a Phase 3 clinical trial for the initial seasonal influenza VLP vaccine candidate being developed outside India, but in any case no later than December 31, 2017. The amendment also restructured the final milestone payment to apply to the initial seasonal influenza VLP vaccine candidate being developed outside India. Thus, the aggregate milestone payments for a seasonal influenza VLP vaccine candidate developed and commercialized was increased from $14 million to up to $15 million. In connection with the execution of the amendment, we agreed to pay a one-time only payment to Wyeth. The amendment also increased annual license maintenance fees associated with VLP vaccine candidates from $0.2 million to $0.3 million per year. Payments under the agreement to Wyeth as of March 31, 2017 aggregated $7.6 million. The Milestone was accrued for on the consolidated balance sheet in other current liabilities at December 31, 2014. At the time of the September 2015 amendment discussed above, the Milestone payment was not expected to occur within the next 12 months. Therefore, the Milestone has been accrued for, on a discounted basis calculated based on the probable future payment date, and at March 31, 2017, the Milestone is recorded in accrued expenses. The Milestone was recorded as a research and development expense in 2014.

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Based on our March 31, 2017 cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities balances, along with anticipated revenue under the Grant Agreement, we believe we have adequate capital to fund our operating plans for a minimum of twelve months from the date that this Quarterly Report is filed. Additional capital may be required in the future to develop our vaccine candidates through clinical development, manufacturing and commercialization. We plan to meet such near term capital requirements primarily through a combination of equity and debt financings, collaborations, strategic alliances and marketing distribution or licensing arrangements and in the longer term, from revenue related to product sales, to the extent our product candidates receive marketing approval and can be commercialized. Our ability to obtain additional capital in the near term will likely be subject to various factors, including our ability to perform and thus generate revenue under the Grant Agreement, our overall business performance and market conditions.

Any capital raised by an equity offering or convertible securities has the potential to be substantially dilutive to the existing stockholders and any collaborations, strategic alliances and marketing distribution or licensing arrangements may require us to give up some or all rights to a product or technology at less than its full potential value. There can be no assurances that new financing will be available to us on commercially acceptable terms, if at all. If we are unable to perform under the Grant Agreement or obtain additional capital, we will assess our capital resources and may be required to delay, reduce the scope of, or eliminate one or more of our product research and development programs, and/or downsize our organization, including our general and administrative infrastructure.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

The primary objective of our investment activities is preservation of capital, with the secondary objective of maximizing income. As of March 31, 2017, we had cash and cash equivalents of $95.8 million, marketable securities of $115.3 million, all of which are short-term, and working capital of $202.0 million.

Our exposure to market risk is primarily confined to our investment portfolio. As of March 31, 2017, our investments were classified as available-for-sale. We do not believe that a change in the market rates of interest would have any significant impact on the realizable value of our investment portfolio. Changes in interest rates may affect the investment income we earn on our marketable securities when they mature and the proceeds are reinvested into new marketable securities and, therefore, could impact our cash flows and results of operations.

Interest and dividend income is recorded when earned and included in investment income. Premiums and discounts, if any, on marketable securities are amortized or accreted to maturity and included in investment income. The specific identification method is used in computing realized gains and losses on the sale of our securities.

We are headquartered in the U.S. where we conduct the vast majority of our business activities. We have one foreign consolidated subsidiary, Novavax AB, which is located in Sweden. A 10% decline in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and Swedish Krona would result in a reduction of stockholders’ equity of approximately $2.8 million at March 31, 2017.

Our Notes have a fixed interest rate and we have no additional material debt. As such, we do not believe that we are exposed to any material interest rate risk as a result of our borrowing activities.

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the assistance of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, has reviewed and evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) as of March 31, 2017. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving such control objectives. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2017, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, has evaluated any changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarterly period ended March 31, 2017, and has concluded that there was no change that occurred during the quarterly period ended March 31, 2017 that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Other than the additional risk factor disclosed below, there are no material changes to the Company’s risk factors as described in Item 1A of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.

The NASDAQ Global Select Market has a listing requirement; if a participating company no longer meets such requirements and fails to correct the listing deficiency, its stock may be delisted.

The NASDAQ Global Select Market (“NASDAQ”), on which our common stock is listed and traded, has listing requirements that include a $1 minimum closing bid price requirement. If we fail to satisfy this or other listing requirements, NASDAQ may elect to initiate a process that may delist our common stock. Such a delisting may adversely impact the liquidity and price of our common stock or impede our ability to raise capital.

Item 5. Other Information

None

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Item 6. Exhibits

3.1	Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2015, filed August 10, 2015)
3.2	Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Company (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012, filed March 12, 2013)
10.1*	Fourth Amendment to Lease for space at 9920 Belward Campus Drive between BMR-9920 Belward Campus, LLC (formerly GP Rock One, LLC) and Novavax, Inc., dated as of March 31, 2017
10.2*	Second Amendment to Deed of Lease for space at 21 Firstfield Road between BMR-Firstfield LLC (formerly Firstfield Holdco, LLC) and Novavax, Inc., dated as of March 31, 2017
31.1*	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(e) of the Securities Exchange Act
31.2*	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(e) of the Securities Exchange Act
32.1*	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2*	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101*	The following financial information from our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2017, formatted in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, and (v) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

* Filed herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	NOVAVAX, INC.
Date: May 8, 2017	By:	/s/ Stanley C. Erck
		President and Chief Executive Officer
		and Director
		(Principal Executive Officer)
Date: May 8, 2017	By:	/s/ Barclay A. Phillips
		Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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EX-10.1

Exhibit 10.1

FOURTH AMENDMENT TO LEASE

THIS FOURTH AMENDMENT TO LEASE (this “Amendment”) is entered into as of this 31^st day of March, 2017, by and between BMR-9920 BELWARD CAMPUS DRIVE, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Landlord,” as successor-in-interest to GP ROCK ONE, L.L.C, a Rhode Island limited liability company), and NOVAVAX, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Tenant”).

RECITALS

A.WHEREAS, Landlord and Tenant are parties to that certain Lease dated as of May 7, 2007 (the “Original Lease”), as amended by that certain First Amendment to Lease dated as of May 30, 2008 (the “First Amendment”), as further amended by that certain Second Amendment to Lease dated as of June 26, 2008 (the “Second Amendment”), and as further amended by that certain Third Amendment to Lease dated as of February 29, 2016 (the “Third Amendment”) (collectively, and as the same may have been further amended, amended and restated, supplemented or modified from time to time, the “Existing Lease”), whereby Tenant leases certain premises from Landlord at 9920 Belward Drive in Rockville, Maryland (the “Building”) located on the Land (as defined in the Original Lease) (the Land and the Building being collectively referred to herein as the “Premises”);

B.WHEREAS, Landlord and Tenant desire to make certain modifications to the maintenance and repair responsibilities of the parties; and

C.WHEREAS, Landlord and Tenant desire to modify and amend the Existing Lease only in the respects and on the conditions hereinafter stated.

AGREEMENT

NOW, THEREFORE, Landlord and Tenant, in consideration of the mutual promises contained herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, and intending to be legally bound, agree as follows:

1.Definitions. For purposes of this Amendment, capitalized terms shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Existing Lease unless otherwise defined herein. The Existing Lease, as amended by this Amendment, is referred to collectively herein as the “Lease.” From and after the date hereof, the term “Lease,” as used in the Existing Lease, shall mean the Existing Lease, as amended by this Amendment.

2.Repairs and Maintenance.

2.1.   Notwithstanding anything in the Existing Lease to the contrary (including without limitation, Article 3 of the Addendum to the Original Lease and Section 6 of the Third Amendment), effective as of April 1, 2017, Landlord shall be responsible for repairing and maintaining certain elements of the Premises limited to the exterior structural portions of the Premises; the roofing and covering materials including performing roof surveys; foundations; exterior walls and facade; all landscaping, sidewalks and parking areas contained in or about the Premises; snow removal (but not trash removal); exterior washing of windows; exterior window repair; exterior lighting including parking lot lighting; and exterior signage at the Premises (but excluding signage installed or affixed by Tenant pursuant to Section 27 of the Original Lease, which shall be Tenant’s responsibility). The costs associated with such repairs and maintenance shall be included in Operating Expenses (defined below). Landlord shall continue to be responsible for performing all necessary capital repairs and replacements involving the structural components of the base building and the parking areas as described in Section 6 of the Third Amendment, and such expenditures shall in each case be amortized over the useful life thereof in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and included in Operating Expense and only the portion attributable to the calendar year shall be included in the Operating Expenses for the calendar year. Except as expressly provided in this Section 2 or elsewhere in the Lease, Landlord shall not be required to maintain or make any repairs or replacements or provide any services of any nature or description whatsoever to the Premises during the Term.

2.2               Notwithstanding anything in the Existing Lease to the contrary (including without limitation, Article 3 of the Addendum to the Original Lease and Section 6 of the Third Amendment), effective as of April 1, 2017, in no event shall Tenant’s obligation to repair the Premises extend to (i) repairs necessitated in whole or in part by the gross negligence or willful misconduct of Landlord or its agents, employees or contractors; (ii) repairs for which Landlord is responsible hereunder; or (iii) repairs required as a result of Landlord’s failure to make repairs for which it is responsible under this Amendment. Further, notwithstanding anything in the Lease to the contrary, if any capital repairs or replacements by Landlord are necessitated because Tenant’s gross negligence prior to April 1, 2017, then such expenditures shall be included in Operating Expenses and amortized over the remaining Term of the Lease

3.Operating Expenses.

3.1               As used herein, the term “Operating Expenses” shall include:

(a) All actual costs and expenses actually incurred by Landlord during any calendar year in maintaining or repairing the Premises to the extent of Landlord’s maintenance and repair obligations under the Lease, as determined by Landlord in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles to the extent applicable, and otherwise in accordance with an accounting system established and regularly applied by Landlord. Such cost and expenses shall include costs of repairs and replacements to improvements within the Premises as appropriate to maintain the Premises as required hereunder; exterior cleaning, including windows; maintenance of landscaping and grounds; snow removal; maintenance of drives and parking areas; maintenance of the roof; building supplies; maintenance or replacement of equipment utilized for operation and maintenance of the Premises (reasonably allocated by Landlord if utilized for operation and maintenance of other properties); license, permit and inspection fees; sales, use and excise taxes on goods and services purchased by Landlord in connection with the operation, maintenance or repair of the Premises and equipment as appropriate to maintain the Premises as required hereunder; telephone, postage, stationery supplies and other expenses incurred in connection with the operation, maintenance or repair of the Premises as appropriate to maintain the Premises as required hereunder; costs of landscaping supplies, snow removal and other customary and ordinary items of personal property provided by Landlord for repair and maintenance; capital expenditures (i.e., capital repairs and replacements), in connection with Landlord’s repair and maintenance responsibilities under the Lease, in each case amortized over the useful life thereof in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; costs of complying with applicable laws and regulations; service contracts; costs of services of independent contractors retained to do work of a nature referenced above; and costs of compensation (including employment taxes and fringe benefits) of all persons who perform regular and recurring duties connected with the day-to-day operation and maintenance of the Premises, its equipment, the adjacent walks, landscaped areas, drives and parking areas, including window washers, gardeners, sweepers, plow truck drivers, handymen, and engineering/maintenance/facilities personnel.

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(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, Operating Expenses shall not include any net income, franchise, capital stock, estate or inheritance taxes imposed on Landlord, or taxes that are the personal obligation of Tenant; payments of principal and interest on any mortgages; leasing commissions; advertising for vacant space in the Premises; judgments against Landlord or the Premises and cost relating to (i) disputes with third parties including Tenant, tenants, prospective tenants or other occupants of the Building; (ii) disputes with purchasers, potential purchasers, mortgagees or prospective mortgagees of the Building or Premises; or (iii) negotiations of leases, contracts of sale or mortgages; costs in the nature of penalties or fines if Tenant is then current in the payment of all Rent due under this Lease; costs of repairs to the extent reimbursed by governmental authorities or payment of insurance proceeds received by Landlord; costs of compensation of persons who do not perform regular and recurring duties connected with the day-to-day operation and maintenance of the Premises, its equipment, the adjacent walks, landscaped areas, drives and parking areas; depreciation claimed by Landlord for tax purposes (provided that this exclusion of depreciation is not intended to delete from Operating Expenses actual costs of repairs and replacements in regard thereto that are provided for in Subsection 3.1(a) hereof); costs expressly excluded from Operating Expenses elsewhere in the Lease or that are charged to or paid by Tenant under other provisions of the Lease; professional fees and disbursements and other costs and expenses related to the ownership (as opposed to the operation, maintenance or repair) of the Premises; costs for services, supplies or repairs paid to any related entity in excess of costs that would be payable in an “arm's length” or unrelated situation for comparable services, supplies or repairs; allowances, concessions or other costs and expenses of improving or decorating any demised or demisable space in the Building; any costs or expenses (including fines, interest, penalties and legal fees) arising out of Landlord’s or any other tenant’s breach of any lease, including this Lease or Landlord’s failure to timely pay operating expenses or real estate taxes if Tenant is then current in the payment of all Rent due under this Lease; any costs actually reimbursed under any service contracts or under the warranty of any general contractor, subcontractor or supplier and realized by Landlord; reserves for repairs, maintenance and replacements; costs of repairs incurred by reason of fire (other than for any reasonable deductible) or other casualty or condemnation not caused through the negligence of Tenant, and any item that, if included in Operating Expenses, would involve a double collection for such item by Landlord. For clarity, Tenant shall continue to pay Taxes (as defined in the Existing Lease) in accordance with Article 1 of the Addendum to the Original Lease.

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3.2       Tenant shall pay to Landlord on the first day of each calendar month of the Term, commencing on April 1, 2017, as Additional Rent, Landlord’s estimate of Tenant’s Proportionate Share (as defined in the Original Lease) of Operating Expenses with respect to the Building and the Premises, as applicable, for such month. For clarity, Tenant’s Proportionate Share is one hundred percent (100%).

3.3       Within ninety (90) days after the conclusion of each calendar year (or such longer period as may be reasonably required by Landlord), Landlord shall furnish to Tenant a statement showing in reasonable detail the actual Operating Expenses and Tenant’s Proportionate Share of Operating Expenses (“Landlord’s Statement”). Any additional sum due from Tenant to Landlord shall be due and payable within thirty (30) days after receipt of an invoice therefor. If the amounts paid by Tenant pursuant to this Section exceed Tenant’s Proportionate Share of Operating Expenses for the previous calendar year, then Landlord shall credit the difference against the Rent next due and owing from Tenant; provided that, if the Lease term has expired, Landlord shall accompany Landlord’s Statement with payment for the amount of such difference. Landlord’s annual statement shall be final and binding upon Tenant unless Tenant, within ninety (90) days after Tenant’s receipt thereof, shall contest any item therein by giving written notice to Landlord, specifying each item contested and the reasons therefor. If, during such ninety (90)-day period, Tenant reasonably and in good faith questions or contests the correctness of Landlord’s Statement, Landlord shall provide Tenant with reasonable access to Landlord’s books and records to the extent relevant to determination of Operating Expenses for the calendar year. In the event that, after Tenant’s review of such information, Landlord and Tenant cannot agree upon the amount of Tenant’s Proportionate Share of Operating Expenses, then Tenant shall have the right, at Tenant’s expense, to retain a Qualified Consultant (as hereinafter defined), to examine the books and records of Landlord relating to the determination of Operating Expenses for such year at reasonable times during normal business hours, so that Tenant can determine that Tenant's share of Operating Expenses have, in fact, been paid or incurred and accurately applied by Landlord. The term "Qualified Consultant" shall mean an independent, certified public accounting firm or auditing firm, which firm is reasonably approved by Landlord and is retained by Tenant on other than a contingent fee basis. The parties shall endeavor to agree promptly and reasonably upon Operating Expenses taking into account the results of such Qualified Consultant review and if, as of the date that is thirty (30) days after Tenant has submitted the Qualified Consultant review to Landlord, the parties have not agreed on the appropriate adjustments to Operating Expenses, then the parties shall engage a mutually agreeable independent third party accountant with at least ten (10) years’ experience in commercial real estate accounting in the Washington, D.C. area (the “Accountant”). If the parties cannot agree on the Accountant, each shall within ten (10) days after such impasse appoint an Accountant (different from the accountant and accounting firm that conducted the Independent Review) and, within ten (10) days after the appointment of both such Accountants, those two Accountants shall select a third (which cannot be the accountant and accounting firm that conducted the Independent Review). If either party fails to timely appoint an Accountant, then the Accountant the other party appoints shall be the sole Accountant. Within ten (10) days after appointment of the Accountant(s), Landlord and Tenant shall each simultaneously give the Accountants (with a copy to the other party) its determination of Operating Expenses, with such supporting data or information as each submitting party determines appropriate. Within ten (10) days after such submissions, the Accountants shall by majority vote select either Landlord’s or Tenant’s determination of Operating Expenses. The Accountants may not select or designate any other determination of Operating Expenses. The determination of the Accountant(s) shall bind the parties. If the Qualified Consultant review reveals or the Accountant(s) determine that the Operating Expenses billed to Tenant by Landlord and paid by Tenant to Landlord for the applicable calendar year in question exceeded by more than five percent (5%) what Tenant should have been billed during such calendar year, then Landlord shall pay the reasonable cost of the Qualified Consultant review and the Accountants. In all other cases, Tenant shall pay the cost of the Qualified Consultant review and the Accountants. Pending determination of any dispute, Tenant shall pay all amounts due pursuant to the disputed statement, but such payments shall be without prejudice to Tenant's position. If it is determined that there was an overpayment on the part of Tenant, then Tenant shall be entitled to a credit on subsequent Rent payment(s) next coming due in an amount equal to such credit, or if the Term has expired or been terminated, Landlord shall pay the amount of any such credit to Tenant within thirty (30) days after determination of the results. If it is determined that there was an underpayment by Tenant, then Tenant shall pay the deficiency to Landlord within thirty (30) days after determination of such results.

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3.4       Landlord or an affiliate(s) of Landlord currently own other property(ies) adjacent to the Premises or its neighboring properties (collectively, “Neighboring Properties”). In connection with Landlord performing services for the Premises pursuant to this Lease, similar services may be performed by the same vendor(s) for Neighboring Properties. In such a case, Landlord shall reasonably allocate to each Building or Premises the costs for such services based upon the ratio that the square footage of the Building or Premises (as applicable) bears to the total square footage of all of the Neighboring Properties or buildings within the Neighboring Properties for which the services are performed, unless the scope of the services performed for any building or property (including the Building and the Premises) is disproportionately more or less than for others, in which case Landlord shall equitably allocate the costs based on the scope of the services being performed for each building or property (including the Building and the Premises).

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3.5       Operating Expenses for the calendar year in which Tenant’s obligation to share therein commences and for the calendar year in which such obligation ceases shall be prorated as described in this Section. Tenant’s responsibility for Operating Expenses shall continue to the latest of (a) the date of termination of the Lease, (b) the date Tenant has fully vacated the Premises or (c) if termination of the Lease is due to a default by Tenant, the date of rental commencement of a replacement tenant or the date the Lease would have expired on its own terms, whichever is earlier. Any amount due under this Article 3 for any period that is less than a full month shall be prorated for such fractional month on the basis of the number of days in the month.

4.Broker. Tenant represents and warrants that it has not dealt with any broker or agent in the negotiation for or the obtaining of this Amendment and agrees to reimburse, indemnify, save, defend (at Landlord’s option and with counsel reasonably acceptable to Landlord, at Tenant’s sole cost and expense) and hold harmless Landlord and its affiliates, employees, agents, contractors, lenders, and mortgagees for, from and against any and all cost or liability for compensation claimed by any such broker or agent employed or engaged by it or claiming to have been employed or engaged by it.

5.No Default. Each party represents, warrants and covenants that, to the best of its knowledge, neither Landlord nor Tenant is in default of any of its respective obligations under the Existing Lease and no event has occurred that, with the passage of time or the giving of notice (or both) would constitute a default by either Landlord or Tenant thereunder.

6.Notices. Tenant confirms that, notwithstanding anything in the Lease to the contrary, notices delivered to Tenant pursuant to the Lease should be sent to:

Novavax, Inc.

20 Firstfield Road

Rockville, Maryland 20878

Attention: General Counsel

7.Effect of Amendment. Except as modified by this Amendment, the Existing Lease and all the covenants, agreements, terms, provisions and conditions thereof shall remain in full force and effect and are hereby ratified and affirmed. In the event of any conflict between the terms contained in this Amendment and the Existing Lease, the terms herein contained shall supersede and control the obligations and liabilities of the parties.

8.Successors and Assigns. Each of the covenants, conditions and agreements contained in this Amendment shall inure to the benefit of and shall apply to and be binding upon the parties hereto and their respective heirs, legatees, devisees, executors, administrators and permitted successors and assigns and sublessees. Nothing in this section shall in any way alter the provisions of the Lease restricting assignment or subletting.

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9.Miscellaneous. This Amendment becomes effective only upon execution and delivery hereof by Landlord and Tenant. The captions of the paragraphs and subparagraphs in this Amendment are inserted and included solely for convenience and shall not be considered or given any effect in construing the provisions hereof. All exhibits hereto are incorporated herein by reference. Submission of this instrument for examination or signature by Tenant does not constitute a reservation of or option for a lease, and shall not be effective as a lease, lease amendment or otherwise until execution by and delivery to both Landlord and Tenant.

10.Authority. Tenant guarantees, warrants and represents that the individual or individuals signing this Amendment have the power, authority and legal capacity to sign this Amendment on behalf of and to bind all entities, corporations, partnerships, limited liability companies, joint venturers or other organizations and entities on whose behalf such individual or individuals have signed.

11.Counterparts; Facsimile and PDF Signatures. This Amendment may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which, when taken together, shall constitute one and the same document. A facsimile or portable document format (PDF) signature on this Amendment shall be equivalent to, and have the same force and effect as, an original signature.

[REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Landlord and Tenant have executed this Amendment as of the date and year first above written.

LANDLORD:

BMR-9920 BELWARD CAMPUS DRIVE LLC,

a Delaware limited liability company

By:	/s/ Marie Lewis
Name:	Marie Lewis
Title:	VP, Legal
TENANT:
NOVAVAX, INC.,
a Delaware corporation
By:	/s/ John A. Herrmann III
Name:	John A. Herrmann III
Title:	SVP, General Counsel

EX-10.2

Exhibit 10.2

SECOND AMENDMENT TO DEED OF LEASE

THIS SECOND AMENDMENT TO DEED OF LEASE (this “Amendment”) is entered into as of this 31^st day of March, 2017 (the “Execution Date”), by and between BMR-FIRSTFIELD LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Landlord,” as successor-in-interest to FIRSTFIELD HOLDCO, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company), and NOVAVAX, INC., a Delaware corporation (“Tenant”).

RECITALS

A.WHEREAS, Landlord and Tenant are parties to that certain Deed of Lease dated as of February 4, 2015 (the “Original Lease”), as amended by that certain First Amendment to Deed of Lease dated as of August 17, 2015 (collectively, and as the same may have been further amended, amended and restated, supplemented or modified from time to time, the “Existing Lease”), whereby Tenant leases certain premises (the “Premises”) from Landlord at 21 Firstfield Road, Gaithersburg, Maryland (the “Building”);

B.WHEREAS, Landlord and Tenant desire to modify certain repair and maintenance responsibilities of the parties; and

C.WHEREAS, Landlord and Tenant desire to modify and amend the Existing Lease only in the respects and on the conditions hereinafter stated.

AGREEMENT

NOW, THEREFORE, Landlord and Tenant, in consideration of the mutual promises contained herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, and intending to be legally bound, agree as follows:

1.Definitions. For purposes of this Amendment, capitalized terms shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Existing Lease unless otherwise defined herein. The Existing Lease, as amended by this Amendment, is referred to collectively herein as the “Lease.” From and after the date hereof, the term “Lease,” as used in the Existing Lease, shall mean the Existing Lease, as amended by this Amendment.

2.Landlord’s Obligation to Maintain Base Building. Notwithstanding anything in the Existing Lease to the contrary (including without limitation Section 7.B of the Original Lease), effective as of April 1, 2017, Landlord’s obligation under Section 7.B of the Original Lease to use commercially reasonable efforts to maintain certain elements of the Building shall be limited to the exterior structural portions of the Building; roofing and covering materials including performing roof surveys; foundations; exterior demising walls and facade; all landscaping, sidewalks and parking areas contained in or about the Project; snow removal; exterior washing of windows; exterior window repair; exterior lighting including parking lot lighting; exterior signage at the Project (but excluding Tenant’s Exterior Signage (as defined in the Original Lease) which shall be Tenant’s responsibility). Accordingly, from and after April 1, 2017, Operating Expenses (as defined in the Original Lease) shall not include any costs that are charged to or paid by Tenant under other provisions of this Lease, including, without limitation, costs paid by Tenant under Section 3 of this Amendment.

3.Tenant’s Maintenance Obligations. Notwithstanding anything in the Existing Lease to the contrary, effective as of April 1, 2017, in addition to Tenant’s maintenance obligations under Section 7.A. of the Original Lease, Tenant shall, at its sole cost and expense and subject to the last sentence of Section 7.A. of the Original Lease, maintain, repair and keep in good condition the interior structural portions of the Building; the interior common areas that form a part of the Building; the Building’s operating systems (including, but not limited to, Building mechanical, electrical, life safety, heating, ventilation, air-conditioning, plumbing, pipes and conduits); the Generator; and those portions of the Project serving the foregoing equipment or systems, except for those obligations that are expressly designated as Landlord’s responsibility under the Lease. In connection with the foregoing, Tenant shall make all repairs to the Project, structural and nonstructural, ordinary or extraordinary, foreseen or unforeseen as may be necessary to maintain the Project in a standard which is at least equal to the standard of comparable office/laboratory buildings located in Gaithersburg, Maryland, taking into account the size, age, class, location and method of construction of the Building and such other buildings; provided, however, this Section 3 only relates to repairs and maintenance arising in the ordinary course of operation of the Project, and in the event of a casualty or taking, Sections 16 and 18 of the Original Lease, respectively, shall apply; and provided further, Tenant shall not be required to replace the Building’s operating systems or make any other capital expenditures related to the Building or Project; such obligations shall remain the responsibility of Landlord under the Lease.

3.1        Landlord shall have the ongoing right to inspect, perform maintenance audits (not to exceed twice per calendar year) and contract for an independent facility condition assessment (not to exceed once every three (3) calendar years) to monitor Tenant’s maintenance and repair obligations under this Lease, the reasonable costs of which may be included in Operating Expenses. Landlord shall have the right to review Tenant’s certification records or maintenance records upon Landlord’s written request (but not to exceed once per calendar year). All repairs made by Tenant shall be at least equal in quality to the original work, and shall be made only by a licensed, bonded (if required by Landlord in its sole discretion) contractor approved in advance by Landlord, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned to the extent provided in Section 8.B. of the Original Lease; provided, however, that such contractor need not be bonded or approved by Landlord if the non-structural repairs to be performed do not exceed Fifty Thousand Dollars ($50,000) in value. Landlord may impose reasonable restrictions and requirements with respect to any repairs which require Landlord approval.

3.2       Tenant shall, at Tenant’s sole cost and expense, procure and maintain contracts, in customary form and substance for, and with contractors specializing and experienced in, the maintenance of the following equipment and improvements, if any, if and when installed on the Project: (a) heating, ventilating and air conditioning equipment, (b) boilers and pressure vessels, (c) fire extinguishing systems, including fire alarm and smoke detection devices, (d) clarifiers, (e) basic utility feeds to the perimeter of the Building and (f) any other equipment serving the interior reasonably required by Landlord. All such vendors shall be subject to Landlord’s approval, which shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned. Tenant shall provide copies of any vendor contracts (or, at a minimum, the scope of work under any vendor contracts) to Landlord promptly after execution thereof. Tenant shall use commercially reasonable efforts to enter into contracts that provide for termination upon thirty (30) days’ notice.

2

3.3               In the event Tenant Defaults (as defined in the Existing Lease) in any of its maintenance or repair obligations under the Lease, Landlord may, at its option, exercise Landlord’s right to cure as specifically provided under Section 19.H of the Original Lease.

4.Broker. Tenant represents and warrants that it has not dealt with any broker or agent in the negotiation for or the obtaining of this Amendment and agrees to reimburse, indemnify, save, defend (at Landlord’s option and with counsel reasonably acceptable to Landlord, at Tenant’s sole cost and expense) and hold harmless Landlord and its affiliates, employees, agents, contractors, lenders, and mortgagees for, from and against any and all cost or liability for compensation claimed by any such broker or agent employed or engaged by it or claiming to have been employed or engaged by it.

5.No Default. Each party represents, warrants and covenants that, to the best of its knowledge, neither Landlord nor Tenant is in default of any of its respective obligations under the Existing Lease and no event has occurred that, with the passage of time or the giving of notice (or both) would constitute a default by either Landlord or Tenant thereunder.

6.Notices. Tenant confirms that, notwithstanding anything in the Lease to the contrary, notices delivered to Tenant pursuant to the Lease should be sent to:

Novavax, Inc.

20 Firstfield Road

Gaithersburg, MD 20878

Attention: General Counsel

7.Effect of Amendment. Except as modified by this Amendment, the Existing Lease and all the covenants, agreements, terms, provisions and conditions thereof shall remain in full force and effect and are hereby ratified and affirmed. In the event of any conflict between the terms contained in this Amendment and the Existing Lease, the terms herein contained shall supersede and control the obligations and liabilities of the parties.

8.Successors and Assigns. Each of the covenants, conditions and agreements contained in this Amendment shall inure to the benefit of and shall apply to and be binding upon the parties hereto and their respective heirs, legatees, devisees, executors, administrators and permitted successors and assigns and sublessees. Nothing in this section shall in any way alter the provisions of the Lease restricting assignment or subletting.

9.Miscellaneous. This Amendment becomes effective only upon execution and delivery hereof by Landlord and Tenant. The captions of the paragraphs and subparagraphs in this Amendment are inserted and included solely for convenience and shall not be considered or given any effect in construing the provisions hereof. All exhibits hereto are incorporated herein by reference. Submission of this instrument for examination or signature by Tenant does not constitute a reservation of or option for a lease, and shall not be effective as a lease, lease amendment or otherwise until execution by and delivery to both Landlord and Tenant.

3

10.Authority. Tenant guarantees, warrants and represents that the individual or individuals signing this Amendment have the power, authority and legal capacity to sign this Amendment on behalf of and to bind all entities, corporations, partnerships, limited liability companies, joint venturers or other organizations and entities on whose behalf such individual or individuals have signed.

11.Counterparts; Facsimile and PDF Signatures. This Amendment may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which, when taken together, shall constitute one and the same document. A facsimile or portable document format (PDF) signature on this Amendment shall be equivalent to, and have the same force and effect as, an original signature.

[REMAINDER OF THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

4

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Landlord and Tenant have executed this Amendment as of the date and year first above written.

WITNESS:		LANDLORD:
		BMR-FIRSTFIELD LLC,
		a Delaware limited liability company
By:	/s/ A.S.	By:	/s/ Marie Lewis
		Name:	Marie Lewis
		Title:	VP, Legal
ATTEST:		TENANT:
[Corporate seal]		NOVAVAX, INC.,
		a Delaware corporation
By:	/s/ Jonathan Wallinger	By:	/s/ John A. Herrmann III
Name:	Jonathan Wallinger	Name:	John A. Herrmann III
Title:	Senior Counsel	Title:	SVP, General Counsel

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

I, Stanley C. Erck, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Novavax, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluations; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 8, 2017	By: /s/ Stanley C. Erck
	President and Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL AND ACCOUNTING OFFICER

I, Barclay A. Phillips, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Novavax, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluations; and

d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 8, 2017	By: /s/ Barclay A. Phillips
	Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

EX-32.1

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANT

TO 18 UNITED STATES C. §1350
(SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002)

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Novavax, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the fiscal period ended March 31, 2017 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Stanley C. Erck, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to the best of my knowledge, that:

1)The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

2)The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company for the dates and periods covered by this Report.

Date: May 8, 2017	By: /s/ Stanley C. Erck
	President and Chief Executive Officer

EX-32.2

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL AND ACCOUNTING OFFICER PURSUANT TO 18 UNITED STATES C. §1350
(SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002)

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Novavax, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the fiscal period ended March 31, 2017 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Barclay A. Phillips, Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer, hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to the best of my knowledge, that:

1)The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

2)The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company for the dates and periods covered by this Report.

Date: May 8, 2017	By: /s/ Barclay A. Phillips
	Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

XML

Document And Entity Information - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Apr. 30, 2017
Document Information [Line Items]
Document Type	10-Q
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2017
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2017
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Entity Registrant Name	NOVAVAX INC
Entity Central Index Key	0001000694
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Trading Symbol	NVAX
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		282,613,919

XML

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 95,847	$ 144,353
Marketable securities	115,331	91,126
Restricted cash	27,319	30,314
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	19,952	22,037
Total current assets	258,449	287,830
Restricted cash	1,705	4,590
Property and equipment, net	39,439	40,184
Intangible assets, net	9,161	9,225
Goodwill	51,941	51,673
Other non-current assets	809	799
Total assets	361,504	394,301
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	3,790	5,685
Accrued expenses	24,650	24,508
Accrued interest	2,031	5,078
Deferred revenue	24,679	30,079
Other current liabilities	1,348	1,056
Total current liabilities	56,498	66,406
Deferred revenue	2,500	2,500
Convertible notes payable	316,695	316,339
Other non-current liabilities	14,910	14,602
Total liabilities	390,603	399,847
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ deficit:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 2,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively	0	0
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 600,000,000 shares authorized at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016; 283,069,349 shares issued and 282,613,919 shares outstanding at March 31, 2017 and 271,701,397 shares issued and 271,245,967 shares outstanding at December 31, 2016	2,831	2,717
Additional paid-in capital	956,299	935,997
Accumulated deficit	(974,444)	(929,996)
Treasury stock, 455,430 shares, cost basis at both March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016	(2,450)	(2,450)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(11,335)	(11,814)
Total stockholders’ deficit	(29,099)	(5,546)
Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit	$ 361,504	$ 394,301

XML

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Preferred stock, par or stated value per share	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized	2,000,000	2,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0
Common stock, par value per share	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized	600,000,000	600,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	283,069,349	271,701,397
Common stock, shares outstanding	282,613,919	271,245,967
Treasury stock, shares	455,430	455,430

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Revenue:
Government contracts	$ 0	$ 1,946
Research and development collaborations	5,680	2,272
Total revenue	5,680	4,218
Expenses:
Research and development	37,654	68,952
General and administrative	8,852	10,528
Total expenses	46,506	79,480
Loss from operations	(40,826)	(75,262)
Other income (expense):
Investment income	474	473
Interest expense	(3,513)	(2,430)
Other income (expense)	11	(33)
Net loss	$ (43,854)	$ (77,252)
Basic and diluted net loss per share	$ (0.16)	$ (0.29)
Basic and diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding	274,178	270,179

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Net loss	$ (43,854)	$ (77,252)
Other comprehensive income:
Net unrealized (losses) gains on marketable securities available-for-sale	(1)	317
Foreign currency translation adjustment	480	1,259
Other comprehensive income	479	1,576
Comprehensive loss	$ (43,375)	$ (75,676)

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Operating Activities:
Net loss	$ (43,854)	$ (77,252)
Reconciliation of net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	2,111	1,954
Loss on disposal of property and equipment	65	0
Amortization of net (discounts) premiums on marketable securities	(6)	146
Amortization of debt issuance costs	356	237
Lease incentives received	1,248	0
Non-cash stock-based compensation	4,213	4,961
Other	0	98
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Restricted cash	5,880	1,278
Prepaid expenses and other assets	1,093	637
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(4,867)	1,482
Deferred revenue	(5,399)	(1,644)
Other liabilities	543	(1,728)
Net cash used in operating activities	(38,617)	(69,831)
Investing Activities:
Capital expenditures	(1,084)	(5,517)
Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities	86,130	82,657
Purchases of marketable securities	(110,330)	(246,580)
Net cash used in investing activities	(25,284)	(169,440)
Financing Activities:
Principal payments on capital lease	(18)	(19)
Principal payments on notes payable	0	(143)
Proceeds from issuance of convertible notes	0	325,000
Payments of costs related to issuance of convertible notes	0	(9,966)
Payments for capped call transactions and costs	0	(38,521)
Net proceeds from sales of common stock	14,585	0
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options and employee stock purchases	797	2,000
Net cash provided by financing activities	15,364	278,351
Effect of exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents	31	37
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents	(48,506)	39,117
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	144,353	93,108
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	95,847	132,225
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash activities:
Sale of common stock under the Sales Agreement not settled at quarter-end	225	0
Property and equipment purchases included in accounts payable and accrued expenses	823	3,180
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash payments of interest	$ 6,094	$ 12

XML

Organization

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Organization [Abstract]

Organization

Note 1 – Organization

Novavax, Inc. (“Novavax,” and together with its wholly owned subsidiary, “Novavax AB,” the “Company”) is a clinical-stage biotechnology company focused on the discovery, development and commercialization of recombinant nanoparticle vaccines and adjuvants. Using innovative proprietary recombinant nanoparticle vaccine technology, the Company produces vaccine candidates to efficiently and effectively respond to both known and emerging disease threats. The Company’s vaccine candidates are genetically engineered three-dimensional nanostructures that incorporate recombinant proteins critical to disease pathogenesis. The Company’s product pipeline targets a variety of infectious diseases, with clinical vaccine candidates for respiratory syncytial virus (“RSV”) and Ebola virus (“EBOV”), and preclinical programs for Zika virus (“ZIKV”), seasonal influenza and a combination respiratory vaccine candidate, as well as other infectious disease vaccine candidates.

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Operations

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Operations [Abstract]

Operations

Note 2 – Operations

The Company’s vaccine candidates currently under development, some of which include adjuvants, will require significant additional research and development efforts that include extensive preclinical studies and clinical testing, and regulatory approval prior to commercial use.

As a clinical-stage biotechnology company, the Company has primarily funded its operations from proceeds through the sale of its common stock in equity offerings, the issuance of convertible debt and revenue under its prior contract with the Department of Health and Human Services, Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (“HHS BARDA”) and, to a lesser degree, revenue under the current grant agreement with the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (“BMGF”).  Management regularly reviews the Company’s cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities relative to its operating budget and forecast to monitor the sufficiency of the Company’s working capital, and anticipates continuing to draw upon available sources of capital to support its product development activities. Based on its March 31, 2017 cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities balances of $211.2 million, along with anticipated revenue under the Grant Agreement (see Note 10), the Company believes it has adequate capital to fund its operating plans for a minimum of twelve months. The Company plans to meet its near term capital requirements primarily through a combination of equity and debt financings, collaborations, strategic alliances and marketing distribution or licensing arrangements and in the longer term, from revenue related to product sales, to the extent its product candidates receive marketing approval and can be commercialized. There can be no assurances that new financings will be available to the Company on commercially acceptable terms, if at all. Also, any collaborations, strategic alliances and marketing distribution or licensing arrangements may require the Company to give up some or all rights to a product or technology at less than its full potential value. If the Company is unable to perform under the Grant Agreement or obtain additional capital, the Company will assess its capital resources and may be required to delay, reduce the scope of, or eliminate one or more of its product research and development programs, and/or downsize its organization, including its general and administrative infrastructure.

XML

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. The consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2017, the consolidated statements of operations and the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 and the consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 are unaudited, but include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) that the Company considers necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, operating results, comprehensive loss and cash flows, respectively, for the periods presented. Although the Company believes that the disclosures in these unaudited consolidated financial statements are adequate to make the information presented not misleading, certain information and footnote information normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted as permitted under the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Novavax, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary, Novavax AB. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars. The functional currency of Novavax AB, which is located in Sweden, is the local currency (Swedish Krona). The translation of assets and liabilities of Novavax AB to U.S. dollars is made at the exchange rate in effect at the consolidated balance sheet date, while equity accounts are translated at historical rates. The translation of the statement of operations data is made at the average exchange rate in effect for the period. The translation of operating cash flow data is made at the average exchange rate in effect for the period, and investing and financing cash flow data is translated at the exchange rate in effect at the date of the underlying transaction. Translation gains and losses are recognized as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss in the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets. The foreign currency translation adjustment balance included in accumulated other comprehensive loss was $11.4 million and $11.8 million at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. Results for this or any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for any future interim period or for the entire year. The Company operates in one business segment.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase. Cash and cash equivalents consist of the following at (in thousands):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2017		2016
Cash	$	15,540	$	17,481
Money market funds		51,816		95,896
Government-backed securities		19,000		19,000
Asset-backed securities		3,500		—
Corporate debt securities		5,991		11,976
Cash and cash equivalents	$	95,847	$	144,353

Cash equivalents are recorded at cost, which approximate fair value due to their short-term nature.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company applies Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”), for financial and non-financial assets and liabilities.

ASC 820 discusses valuation techniques, such as the market approach (comparable market prices), the income approach (present value of future income or cash flow) and the cost approach (cost to replace the service capacity of an asset or replacement cost). The statement utilizes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. The following is a brief description of those three levels:

· Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

· Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.

· Level 3: Unobservable inputs that reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions.

Marketable Securities

Marketable securities consist of commercial paper, asset-backed securities and corporate notes. Classification of marketable securities between current and non-current is dependent upon the maturity date at the balance sheet date taking into consideration the Company’s ability and intent to hold the investment to maturity.

Interest and dividend income is recorded when earned and included in investment income in the consolidated statements of operations. Premiums and discounts, if any, on marketable securities are amortized or accreted to maturity and included in investment income in the consolidated statements of operations. The specific identification method is used in computing realized gains and losses on the sale of the Company’s securities.

The Company classifies its marketable securities with readily determinable fair values as “available-for-sale.” Investments in securities that are classified as available-for-sale are measured at fair market value in the consolidated balance sheets, and unrealized holding gains and losses on marketable securities are reported as a separate component of stockholders’ deficit until realized. Marketable securities are evaluated periodically to determine whether a decline in value is “other-than-temporary.” The term “other-than-temporary” is not intended to indicate a permanent decline in value. Rather, it means that the prospects for a near term recovery of value are not necessarily favorable, or that there is a lack of evidence to support fair values equal to, or greater than, the carrying value of the security. Management reviews criteria, such as the magnitude and duration of the decline, as well as the Company’s ability to hold the securities until market recovery, to predict whether the loss in value is other-than-temporary. If a decline in value is determined to be other-than-temporary, the value of the security is reduced and the impairment is recorded as other income (expense) in the consolidated statements of operations.

Restricted Cash

The Company’s current and noncurrent restricted cash includes payments received under the Grant Agreement (see Note 10) and cash collateral accounts under letters of credit that serve as security deposits for certain facility leases. The Company will utilize the Grant Agreement funds as it incurs expenses for services performed under the agreement. At March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the restricted cash balances consist of payments received under the Grant Agreement of $27.3 million and $33.2 million, respectively, and security deposits of $1.7 million at both dates.

Revenue Recognition

The Company performs research and development for U.S. Government agencies and other collaborators under cost reimbursable and fixed price contracts, including license, grant and clinical development agreements. The Company recognizes revenue under research contracts when a contract has been executed, the contract price is fixed or determinable, delivery of services or products has occurred and collection of the contract price is reasonably assured. Payments received in advance of work performed are recorded as deferred revenue and losses on contracts, if any, are recognized in the period in which they become known.

Under cost reimbursable contracts with U.S. Government agencies, the Company is reimbursed and recognizes revenue as allowable costs are incurred plus a portion of the fixed-fee earned. The Company considers fixed-fees under cost reimbursable contracts to be earned in proportion to the allowable costs incurred in performance of the work as compared to total estimated contract costs, with such costs incurred representing a reasonable measurement of the proportional performance of the work completed. Under its HHS BARDA contract (see Note 10), certain activities were pre-approved by HHS BARDA in order for their costs to be deemed allowable direct costs. Direct costs incurred under cost reimbursable contracts are recorded as research and development expenses. Payments to the Company under cost reimbursable contracts with agencies of the U.S. Government, such as the HHS BARDA contract, are provisional payments subject to adjustment upon audit by the government. An audit of indirect rates of fiscal years 2013 and 2014 was completed in the first quarter of 2017. When the final determination of the additional costs for fiscal years 2013 and 2014 has been made, and such amount is known and collection of the amount is reasonably assured, revenue and billings will be adjusted accordingly.

Under its Grant Agreement with BMGF (see Note 10), the Company is reimbursed for certain costs that support development activities, including the Company’s global Phase 3 clinical trial in pregnant women in their third trimester, product licensing efforts and World Health Organization (“WHO”) prequalification of the RSV F Vaccine. Payments received under the Grant Agreement are recognized as revenue in the period in which such research and development activities are performed.

The Company’s collaborative research and development agreements may include upfront payments, payments for research and development services, milestone payments and royalties. Agreements with multiple deliverables are evaluated to determine if the deliverables can be divided into more than one unit of accounting. A deliverable can generally be considered a separate unit of accounting if both of the following criteria are met: (1) the delivered item(s) has value to the customer on a stand-alone basis; and (2) if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item(s), delivery or performance of the undelivered item(s) is considered probable and substantially in control of the Company. Deliverables that cannot be divided into separate units are combined and treated as one unit of accounting. Consideration received is allocated among the separate units of accounting based on the relative selling price method. Deliverables under these arrangements typically include rights to intellectual property, research and development services and involvement by the parties in steering committees. Historically, deliverables under the Company’s collaborative research and development agreements have been deemed to have no stand-alone value and as a result have been treated as a single unit of accounting. In addition, the Company analyzes its contracts and collaborative agreements to determine whether the payments received should be recorded as revenue or as a reduction to research and development expenses. In reaching this determination, management considers a number of factors, including whether the Company is principal under the arrangement, and whether the arrangement is significant to, and part of, the Company’s core operations. Historically, payments received under its contracts and collaborative agreements have been recognized as revenue since the Company acts as a principal in the arrangement and the activities are core to its operations.

When the performance under a fixed price contract can be reasonably estimated, revenue for fixed price contracts is recognized under the proportional performance method and earned in proportion to the contract costs incurred in performance of the work as compared to total estimated contract costs. Costs incurred under fixed price contracts represent a reasonable measurement of proportional performance of the work. Direct costs incurred under collaborative research and development agreements are recorded as research and development expenses.

Revenue associated with upfront payments under arrangements is recognized over the contract term or when all obligations associated with the upfront payment have been satisfied.

Revenue from the achievement of research and development milestones, if deemed substantive, is recognized as revenue when the milestones are achieved and the milestone payments are due and collectible. If not deemed substantive, the Company would recognize such milestones as revenue upon its achievement on a straight-line basis over the remaining expected term of the research and development period. Milestones are considered substantive if all of the following conditions are met: (1) the milestone is non-refundable; (2) there is substantive uncertainty of achievement of the milestone at the inception of the arrangement; (3) substantive effort is involved to achieve the milestone and such achievement relates to past performance; and (4) the amount of the milestone appears reasonable in relation to the effort expended and all of the deliverables and payment terms in the arrangement.

Net Loss per Share

Net loss per share is computed using the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. At March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company had outstanding stock options and unvested restricted stock awards totaling 38,202,428 and 32,803,931, respectively. At March 31, 2017, the Company’s Notes are initially convertible into approximately 47,716,900 shares of the Company’s common stock. These and any shares due to the Company upon settlement of its capped call transactions are excluded from the computation, as their effect is antidilutive.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted

In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-09,  Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718) that simplifies the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted this standard on the effective date, January 1, 2017, and, as part of the adoption, elected to account for forfeitures when they occur. The adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Not Yet Adopted

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)  (“ASU 2014-09”), which supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under Topic 605, Revenue Recognition. The new standard requires a company to recognize revenue when it transfers goods and services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that the company expects to receive for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 defines a five-step process that includes identifying the contract with the customer, identifying the performance obligations in the contract, determining the transaction price, allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and recognizing revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies the performance obligations. In July 2015, the FASB approved a one-year deferral of the effective date of the new standard to 2018 for public companies, with an option that would permit companies to adopt the new standard as early as the original effective date of 2017. Early adoption prior to the original effective date is not permitted. ASU 2014-09 allows for either full retrospective or modified retrospective adoption. The Company has completed an initial assessment of the potential changes from adopting ASU 2014-09, primarily by reviewing its current revenue streams and deferred revenue balances. Based on the Company’s initial assessment, it does not expect any material changes to the recognition of its revenue. The Company has not yet completed its final review of the impact of this guidance, and will continue to evaluate the impacts of adoption over the coming quarters. The Company currently expects to apply ASU 2014-09 on a modified retrospective basis as of January 1, 2018. The Company will continue to monitor additional changes, modifications, clarifications or interpretations being undertaken by the FASB, which may impact its current evaluation. 

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842)  that increases transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosure of key information about leasing arrangements for both lessees and lessors. The standard will be effective January 1, 2019 for the Company, with early adoption permitted. The standard will be applied using a modified retrospective approach to the beginning of the earliest period presented in the financial statements.  The Company is currently evaluating when it will adopt the standard and the expected impact to its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04,  Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350) (“ASU 2017-04”), which will simplify the goodwill impairment calculation, by eliminating Step 2 from the current goodwill impairment test. The new standard does not change how a goodwill impairment is identified. The Company will continue to perform its quantitative goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of its reporting unit to its carrying amount, but if the Company is required to recognize a goodwill impairment charge, under the new standard, the amount of the charge will be calculated by subtracting the reporting unit’s fair value from its carrying amount. Under the current standard, if the Company is required to recognize a goodwill impairment charge, Step 2 requires it to calculate the implied value of goodwill by assigning the fair value of a reporting unit to all of its assets and liabilities as if that reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination and the amount of the charge is calculated by subtracting the reporting unit’s implied fair value of goodwill from the goodwill carrying amount. The standard will be effective January 1, 2020 for the Company, with early adoption permitted, and should be applied prospectively from the date of adoption. The Company is currently evaluating when it will adopt ASU 2017-04 and its expected impact to related disclosures.

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Fair Value Measurements

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

Note 4 – Fair Value Measurements

The following table represents the Company’s fair value hierarchy for its financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value (in thousands):

	Fair Value at March 31, 2017						Fair Value at December 31, 2016
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Money market funds(1)	$	51,816	$	—	$	—	$	95,896	$	—	$	—
Government-backed securities		—		19,000		—		—		19,000		—
Asset-backed securities(2)		—		48,573		—		—		23,632		—
Corporate debt securities(3)		—		76,249		—		—		79,470		—
Total assets	$	51,816	$	143,822	$	—	$	95,896	$	122,102	$	—
Liabilities
Convertible notes payable	$	—	$	148,671	$	—	$	—	$	141,989	$	—

(1) Classified as cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively (see Note 3).

(2) Includes $3,500 classified as cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2017 (see Note 3).

(3) Includes $5,991 and $11,976 classified as cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively (see Note 3).

Fixed-income investments categorized as Level 2 are valued at the custodian bank by a third-party pricing vendor’s valuation models that use verifiable observable market data, e.g., interest rates and yield curves observable at commonly quoted intervals and credit spreads, bids provided by brokers or dealers or quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics. Pricing of the Company’s Notes (see Note 7) has been estimated using other observable inputs, including the price of the Company’s common stock, implied volatility, interest rates and credit spreads among others. Over time, the Company expects a market for the Notes to develop. At that time, the Company intends to use trade data as the principal basis for measuring fair value.

During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company did not have any transfers between levels.

The amount in the Company’s unaudited consolidated balance sheets for accounts payable approximates its fair value due to its short-term nature. The Company’s milestone payment due to Wyeth (see Note 11) approximates its fair value at March 31, 2017, as the liability has been calculated based on an anticipated future payment date discounted at borrowing rates available to the Company.

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Marketable Securities

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Investments [Abstract]

Marketable Securities

Note 5 – Marketable Securities

Marketable securities classified as available-for-sale as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were comprised of (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017								December 31, 2016
			Gross		Gross						Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized				Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized
	Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value		Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
Asset-backed securities	$	45,086	$	—	$	(13)	$	45,073	$	23,636	$	—	$	(4)	$	23,632
Corporate debt securities		70,213		57		(12)		70,258		67,457		43		(6)		67,494
Total	$	115,299	$	57	$	(25)	$	115,331	$	91,093	$	43	$	(10)	$	91,126

Marketable Securities – Unrealized Losses

The primary objective of the Company’s investment policy is the preservation of capital; thus, the Company’s investment policy limits investments to certain types of instruments with high-grade credit ratings, places restrictions on maturities and concentrations in certain industries and requires the Company to maintain a certain level of liquidity.

The Company owned 34 available-for-sale securities as of March 31, 2017. Of these 34 securities, 18 had combined unrealized losses of less than $0.1 million as of March 31, 2017. The Company did not have any investments in a loss position for greater than 12 months as of March 31, 2017. The Company has evaluated its marketable securities and has determined that none of these investments has an other-than-temporary impairment, as it has no intent to sell securities with unrealized losses and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell any securities with unrealized losses, given the Company’s current and anticipated financial position.

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Note 6 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

Goodwill

The change in the carrying amounts of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was as follows (in thousands):

	Amount
Balance at December 31, 2016	$	51,673
Currency translation adjustments		268
Balance at March 31, 2017	$	51,941

Identifiable Intangible Assets

Purchased intangible assets consisted of the following as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017						December 31, 2016
	Gross						Gross
	Carrying		Accumulated		Intangible		Carrying		Accumulated		Intangible
	Amount		Amortization		Assets, Net		Amount		Amortization		Assets, Net
Finite-lived intangible assets:
Proprietary adjuvant technology	$	8,345	$	(1,530)	$	6,815	$	8,222	$	(1,404)	$	6,818
Collaboration agreements		3,768		(1,422)		2,346		3,713		(1,306)		2,407
Total identifiable intangible assets	$	12,113	$	(2,952)	$	9,161	$	11,935	$	(2,710)	$	9,225

Amortization expense for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 was $0.2 million. 

Estimated amortization expense for existing intangible assets for the remainder of 2017 and for each of the five succeeding years ending December 31 will be as follows (in thousands):

Year	Amount
2017 (remainder)	$	604
2018		805
2019		805
2020		687
2021		546
2022		523

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Long-Term Debt

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Long-Term Debt

Note 7 – Long-Term Debt

Convertible Notes

In the first quarter of 2016, the Company issued $325 million aggregate principal amount of convertible senior unsecured notes that will mature on February 1, 2023 (the “Notes”). The Notes are senior unsecured debt obligations and were issued at par. The Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture dated January 29, 2016 (the “Indenture”), between the Company and the trustee. The Company received $315.0 million in net proceeds from the offering after deducting underwriting fees and offering expenses. The Notes bear cash interest at a rate of 3.75%, payable on February 1 and August 1 of each year, beginning on August 1, 2016. The Notes are not redeemable prior to maturity and are convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock. The Notes are initially convertible into approximately 47,716,900 shares of the Company’s stock based on the initial conversion rate of 146.8213 shares of the Company’s common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the Notes. This represents an initial conversion price of approximately $6.81 per share of the Company’s common stock, representing an approximate 22.5% conversion premium based on the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock of $5.56 per share on January 25, 2016. In addition, the holders of the Notes may require the Company to repurchase the Notes at par value plus accrued and unpaid interest following the occurrence of a Fundamental Change (as described in the Indenture). If a holder of the Notes converts upon a Make-Whole Adjustment Event (as described in the Indenture), they may be eligible to receive a make-whole premium through an increase to the conversion rate up to a maximum of 179.8561 shares per $1,000 principal amount of Notes (subject to other adjustments as described in the Indenture).

The Notes are accounted for in accordance with ASC 470-20, Debt with Conversion and Other Options (“ASC 470-20”) and ASC 815-40, Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (“ASC 815-40”).  Under ASC 815-40, to qualify for equity classification (or nonbifurcation, if embedded) the instrument (or embedded feature) must be both (1) indexed to the issuer’s stock and (2) meet the requirements of the equity classification guidance. Based upon the Company’s analysis, it was determined the Notes do contain embedded features indexed to its own stock, but do not meet the requirements for bifurcation, and therefore do not need to be separately accounted for as an equity component. Since the embedded conversion feature meets the equity scope exception from derivative accounting, and also since the embedded conversion option does not need to be separately accounted for as an equity component under ASC 470-20,  the proceeds received from the issuance of the convertible debt was recorded as a liability on the consolidated balance sheet.

In connection with the issuance of the Notes, the Company also paid $38.5 million, including expenses, to enter into privately negotiated capped call transactions with certain financial institutions (the “capped call transactions”). The capped call transactions are generally expected to reduce the potential dilution upon conversion of the Notes in the event that the market price per share of the Company’s common stock, as measured under the terms of the capped call transactions, is greater than the strike price of the capped call transactions, which initially corresponds to the conversion price of the Notes, and is subject to anti-dilution adjustments generally similar to those applicable to the conversion rate of the Notes. The cap price of the capped call transactions will initially be $9.73 per share, which represented a premium of approximately 75% based on the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock of $5.56 per share on January 25, 2016, and is subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the capped call transactions. If, however, the market price per share of the Company’s common stock, as measured under the terms of the capped call transactions, exceeds the cap price, there would nevertheless be dilution upon conversion of the Notes to the extent that such market price exceeds the cap price. The Company evaluated the capped call transactions under ASC 815-10,  Derivatives and Hedging - Overall and determined that it should be accounted for as a separate transaction and that the capped call transactions will be classified as an equity instrument.

The Company incurred approximately $10.0 million of debt issuance costs during the first quarter of 2016 relating to the issuance of the Notes, which were recorded as a reduction to the Notes on the consolidated balance sheet. The $10.0 million of debt issuance costs is being amortized and recognized as additional interest expense over the 7 year contractual term of the Notes using the effective interest rate method. The Company also incurred $0.9 million of expenses related to the capped call transactions, which were recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in-capital.

Total convertible notes payable consisted of the following at (in thousands):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2017		2016
Principal amount of Notes	$	325,000	$	325,000
Unamortized debt issuance costs		(8,305)		(8,661)
Total convertible notes payable	$	316,695	$	316,339

Interest expense incurred in connection with the Notes consisted of the following (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2017		2016
Coupon interest	$	3,047	$	2,099
Amortization of debt issuance costs		356		237
Total interest expense on Notes	$	3,403	$	2,336

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Stockholders’ Deficit

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]

Stockholders' Equity

Note 8 – Stockholders’ Deficit

In December 2016, the Company filed a $200 million universal shelf registration statement that allows the Company to issue and sell common stock, preferred stock, warrants and/or units in one or more offerings up to an aggregate maximum offering amount of $125 million and up to $75 million in gross proceeds of its common stock pursuant to an At Market Issuance Sales Agreement (“Sales Agreement”), which the Company entered into in January 2017.

During the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company sold 10.7 million shares of common stock between February 28, 2017 and March 30, 2017 (the “Trading Period”) resulting in $14.6 million in net proceeds (this amount excludes $0.2 million received in the second quarter of 2017 for shares traded in late March 2017). The highest and lowest weighted average daily sales price per share achieved under the Sales Agreement during the Trading Period was $1.52 on February 28, 2017 and $1.27 on March 21, 2017, respectively. The weighted average sales price achieved during the Trading Period was $1.43 per share. The Company has not made any sales under the Sales Agreement since March 30, 2017.

During the first quarter of 2016, in connection with the Company’s issuance of the Notes, the Company also entered into privately negotiated capped call transactions as discussed in Note 7.  The cost of the capped call transactions and associated expenses totaling $38.5 million were recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in-capital.

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Stock-Based Compensation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract]

Stock-Based Compensation

Note 9 – Stock-Based Compensation

Stock Options

The Amended and Restated 2005 Stock Incentive Plan (“2005 Plan”) expired in February 2015 and no new awards may be made under such plan, although awards will continue to be outstanding in accordance with their terms. The Board adopted the 2015 Stock Incentive Plan (“2015 Plan”) in March 2015, which was approved at the Company’s annual meeting of stockholders in June 2015. Under the 2015 Plan, equity awards may be granted to officers, directors, employees and consultants of and advisors to the Company and any present or future subsidiary.

The 2015 Plan authorizes the issuance of up to 31,000,000 shares of common stock under equity awards granted under the plan, including an increase of 6,000,000 shares approved at the Company’s 2016 annual meeting of stockholders. All such shares authorized for issuance under the 2015 Plan have been reserved. The Company will seek approval at its June 2017 annual meeting of stockholders to increase the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2015 Plan by 5,000,000 shares. The 2015 Plan will expire on March 4, 2025.

The 2015 Plan permits and the 2005 Plan permitted the grant of stock options (including incentive stock options), restricted stock, stock appreciation rights and restricted stock units. In addition, under the 2015 Plan, unrestricted stock, stock units and performance awards may be granted. Stock options and stock appreciation rights generally have a maximum term of 10 years and may be or were granted with an exercise price that is no less than 100% of the fair market value of the Company’s common stock at the time of grant. Grants of stock options are generally subject to vesting over periods ranging from six months to four years.

Stock Options Awards

The following is a summary of option activity under the 2015 Plan and 2005 Plan for the three months ended March 31, 2017:

	2015 Plan				2005 Plan
			Weighted-				Weighted-
			Average				Average
	Stock Options		Exercise Price		Stock Options		Exercise Price
Outstanding at January 1, 2017		25,104,603	$	4.87		14,128,129	$	3.30
Granted		803,450	$	1.45		—	$	—
Exercised		—	$	—		(100,000)	$	1.24
Canceled		(1,123,179)	$	5.01		(629,325)	$	3.85
Outstanding at March 31, 2017		24,784,874	$	4.75		13,398,804	$	3.29
Shares exercisable at March 31, 2017		5,679,375	$	7.36		11,474,679	$	3.01
Shares available for grant at March 31, 2017		6,170,126

The fair value of stock options granted under the 2015 Plan and 2005 Plan was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2017		2016
Weighted-average Black-Scholes fair value of stock options granted		$1.13		$2.45
Risk-free interest rate		1.73%-2.34%		1.25%-1.70%
Dividend yield		0%		0%
Volatility		88.91%-109.50%		57.86%-68.28%
Expected term (in years)		4.19-7.46		4.26-7.28
Expected forfeiture rate		0%		0%-16.33%

The total aggregate intrinsic value and weighted-average remaining contractual term of stock options outstanding under the 2015 Plan and 2005 Plan as of March 31, 2017 was less than $0.1 million and 7.7 years, respectively. The total aggregate intrinsic value and weighted-average remaining contractual term of stock options exercisable under the 2015 Plan and 2005 Plan as of March 31, 2017 was less than $0.1 million and 6.3 years, respectively. The aggregate intrinsic value represents the total intrinsic value (the difference between the Company’s closing stock price on the last trading day of the period and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money options) that would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options on March 31, 2017. This amount is subject to change based on changes to the closing price of the Company’s common stock. The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised and vesting of restricted stock awards for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 was less than $0.1 million and $1.8 million, respectively.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

In 2013, the Company adopted an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”), which currently authorizes an aggregate of 3,450,000 shares of common stock to be purchased, and the aggregate amount of shares will continue to increase 5% on each anniversary of its adoption up to a maximum of 4,000,000 shares. The number of authorized shares and the maximum number of shares both include an increase of 1,000,000 shares approved at the Company’s 2016 annual meeting of stockholders. The ESPP allows employees to purchase shares of common stock of the Company at each purchase date through payroll deductions of up to a maximum of 15% of their compensation, at 85% of the lesser of the market price of the shares at the time of purchase or the market price on the beginning date of an option period (or, if later, the date during the option period when the employee was first eligible to participate). At March 31, 2017, there were 1,185,869 shares available for issuance under the ESPP.

The ESPP is considered compensatory for financial reporting purposes. As such, the fair value of ESPP shares was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2017		2016
Range of Black-Scholes fair values of ESPP shares granted		$1.05-$5.47		$1.86-$3.38
Risk-free interest rate		0.45%-0.70%		0.22%-0.44%
Dividend yield		0%		0%
Volatility		45.98%-267.85%		46.14%-86.75%
Expected term (in years)		0.5-2.0		0.5-2.0
Expected forfeiture rate		0%		5%

Restricted Stock Awards

The following is a summary of restricted stock awards activity for the three months ended March 31, 2017:

			Per Share
			Weighted-
			Average
	Number of		Grant-Date
	Shares		Fair Value
Outstanding and Unvested at January 1, 2017		45,000	$	4.99
Restricted stock granted		—	$	—
Restricted stock vested		(26,250)	$	4.99
Restricted stock forfeited		—	$	—
Outstanding and Unvested at March 31, 2017		18,750	$	4.99

The Company recorded all stock-based compensation expense in the consolidated statements of operations as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2017		2016
Research and development	$	2,215	$	3,233
General and administrative		1,998		1,728
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	4,213	$	4,961

As of March 31, 2017, there was approximately $40.7 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested stock options, ESPP and restricted stock awards. This unrecognized non-cash compensation expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.7 years, and will be allocated between research and development and general and administrative expenses accordingly. This estimate does not include the impact of other possible stock-based awards that may be made during future periods.

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Collaboration, U.S. Government Agreement and Joint Venture

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Collaboration, U.S. Government Agreement and Joint Venture [Abstract]

Collaboration, U.S. Government Agreement and Joint Venture

Note 10 –Collaboration, U.S. Government Agreement and Joint Venture

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (“BMGF”) Grant Agreement

In support of the Company’s development of its RSV F Vaccine for infants via maternal immunization, in September 2015, the Company entered into an agreement (“Grant Agreement”) with BMGF, under which it was awarded a grant totaling up to $89.1 million (the “Grant”). The Grant will support development activities, including the Company’s global Phase 3 clinical trial in pregnant women in their third trimester, product licensing efforts and World Health Organization (“WHO”) prequalification of the RSV F Vaccine. The Company concurrently entered into a Global Access Commitments Agreement (“GACA”) with BMGF as a part of the Grant Agreement. Under the terms of the GACA, among other things, the Company agreed to make the RSV F Vaccine available and accessible at affordable pricing to people in certain low and middle income countries. Unless terminated earlier by BMGF, the GACA will continue in effect until the latter of 15 years from its effective date, or 10 years after the first sale of a product under defined circumstances. The term of the GACA may be extended in certain circumstances, by a period of up to five additional years. Payments received under the Grant Agreement are being recognized in the period in which the research and development activities are performed. Payments received in advance that are related to future performance are deferred and recognized as revenue when the research and development activities are performed. Cash payments received under the Grant are restricted as to their use until expenditures contemplated in the Grant are incurred. The Company recognized revenue from the Grant of $5.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2017, and has recognized approximately $18 million in revenue since the inception of the contract. At March 31, 2017, the Company’s current restricted cash and deferred revenue balances on the consolidated balance sheet represent its estimate of costs to be reimbursed and revenue to be recognized, respectively, in the next twelve months under the Grant Agreement.

HHS BARDA Contract for Recombinant Influenza Vaccines

HHS BARDA initially awarded the Company a contract in 2011, which has funded the development of both the Company’s quadrivalent seasonal and pandemic influenza virus-like particle (“VLP”) vaccine candidates. The contract with HHS BARDA was a cost-plus-fixed-fee contract, which reimbursed the Company for allowable direct contract costs incurred plus allowable indirect costs and a fixed-fee earned in the ongoing clinical development and product scale-up of its multivalent seasonal and monovalent pandemic H7N9 influenza VLP vaccine candidates. In September 2014, HHS BARDA exercised and initiated a two-year option to the contract, which included scope to support development activities leading up to planned Phase 3 clinical studies, added $70 million of funding on top of the remainder of the $97 million base period funding and extended the contract until September 2016. In June 2015, the contract was amended to increase the funding by $7.7 million to allow for the recovery of additional costs under the contract relating to the settlement of indirect rates for fiscal years 2011 and 2012. This additional amount was received and recorded as revenue in the second quarter of 2015. Advances in the Company’s seasonal influenza nanoparticle program have resulted in a natural conclusion of its activities under the HHS BARDA contract, which expired in accordance with its terms in September 2016.  Billings under the contract were provisional billings, subject to adjustment upon audit by the government, and were based on approved provisional indirect billing rates, which permit recovery of fringe benefits, overhead and general and administrative expenses. These indirect rates are subject to audit by HHS BARDA on an annual basis. An audit of indirect rates of fiscal years 2013 and 2014 was completed in the first quarter of 2017. When the final determination of the additional costs for fiscal years 2013 and 2014 has been made, and such amount is known and collection of the amount is reasonably assured, revenue and billings will be adjusted accordingly.

CPLB Joint Venture

In 2009, the Company formed a joint venture with Cadila Pharmaceuticals Limited (“Cadila”) named CPL Biologicals Private Limited (“CPLB”) to develop and manufacture vaccines, biological therapeutics and diagnostics in India. CPLB is owned 20% by the Company and 80% by Cadila. Because CPLB’s activities and operations are controlled and funded by Cadila, the Company accounts for its investment using the equity method. Since the carrying value of the Company’s initial investment was nominal and there is no guarantee or commitment to provide future funding, the Company has not recorded nor expects to record losses related to this investment in the foreseeable future. The Company has recognized as an expense the entire amount of purchases to date under the master services agreements related to CPLB as the Company has not recorded any equity income (loss) of CPLB (see Note 12).

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License agreement with Wyeth Holding Corporation

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Collaborative Agreement Disclosure [Abstract]

License agreement with Wyeth Holding Corporation

Note 11 – License agreement with Wyeth Holding Corporation

In 2007, the Company entered into an agreement to license certain rights from Wyeth Holdings Corporation, a subsidiary of Pfizer Inc. (“Wyeth”). The Wyeth license is a non-exclusive, worldwide license to a family of patents and patent applications covering VLP technology for use in human vaccines in certain fields, with expected patent expiration in early 2022. The Wyeth license provides for the Company to make an upfront payment (previously made), ongoing annual license fees, sublicense payments, milestone payments on certain development and commercialization activities and royalties on any product sales. Except in certain circumstances in which the Company continuously markets multiple products in a country within the same vaccine program, the milestone payments are one-time only payments applicable to each related vaccine program. At present, the Company’s seasonal influenza VLP vaccine program (including CPLB’s seasonal influenza program) and its pandemic influenza VLP vaccine program are the only two programs to which the Wyeth license applies. The license may be terminated by Wyeth only for cause and may be terminated by the Company only after it has provided ninety (90) days’ notice that the Company has absolutely and finally ceased activity, including through any affiliate or sublicense, related to the manufacturing, development, marketing or sale of products covered by the license. In September 2015, the Company entered into an amendment to the license agreement with Wyeth. Among other things, the amendment restructured the $3 million milestone payment (“Milestone”) owed as a result of CPLB’s initiation of a Phase 3 clinical trial for its recombinant trivalent seasonal VLP influenza vaccine candidate in 2014. Under the amendment, the Milestone, which has increased slightly over time, would be due in connection with the initiation of a Phase 3 clinical trial for the initial seasonal influenza VLP vaccine candidate being developed outside India, but in any case no later than December 31, 2017. The amendment also restructured the final milestone payment to apply to the initial seasonal influenza VLP vaccine candidate being developed outside India. Thus, the aggregate milestone payments for a seasonal influenza VLP vaccine candidate developed and commercialized was increased from $14 million to up to $15 million. In connection with the execution of the amendment, the Company agreed to pay a one-time only payment to Wyeth. The amendment also increased annual license maintenance fees associated with VLP vaccine candidates from $0.2 million to $0.3 million per year. Payments under the agreement to Wyeth as of March 31, 2017 aggregated to $7.6 million. At the time of September 2015 amendment discussed above, the Milestone was not expected to occur within the next 12 months. Therefore, the Milestone has been accrued for, on a discounted basis calculated based on the probable future payment date, and at March 31, 2017, the Milestone is recorded in accrued expenses. The Milestone was recorded as a research and development expense in 2014.

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Related Party Transactions

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Related Party Transactions [Abstract]

Related Party Transactions

Note 12 – Related Party Transactions

Dr. Rajiv Modi, a director of the Company, is also the managing director of Cadila. The Company and Cadila have formed a joint venture, CPLB (see Note 10). A subsidiary of Cadila owns 2.5 million shares of the Company’s outstanding common stock as of March 31, 2017. The Company and Cadila have also entered into master services agreements, pursuant to which Cadila or CPLB may perform certain research, development and manufacturing services for the Company. For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company incurred $0.1 million and $0.3 million, respectively, in expenses under the master services agreements. The amount due and unpaid for services performed under the master services agreements at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 was less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. The consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2017, the consolidated statements of operations and the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 and the consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 are unaudited, but include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) that the Company considers necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, operating results, comprehensive loss and cash flows, respectively, for the periods presented. Although the Company believes that the disclosures in these unaudited consolidated financial statements are adequate to make the information presented not misleading, certain information and footnote information normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted as permitted under the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Novavax, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary, Novavax AB. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars. The functional currency of Novavax AB, which is located in Sweden, is the local currency (Swedish Krona). The translation of assets and liabilities of Novavax AB to U.S. dollars is made at the exchange rate in effect at the consolidated balance sheet date, while equity accounts are translated at historical rates. The translation of the statement of operations data is made at the average exchange rate in effect for the period. The translation of operating cash flow data is made at the average exchange rate in effect for the period, and investing and financing cash flow data is translated at the exchange rate in effect at the date of the underlying transaction. Translation gains and losses are recognized as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss in the accompanying unaudited consolidated balance sheets. The foreign currency translation adjustment balance included in accumulated other comprehensive loss was $11.4 million and $11.8 million at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. Results for this or any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for any future interim period or for the entire year. The Company operates in one business segment.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase. Cash and cash equivalents consist of the following at (in thousands):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2017		2016
Cash	$	15,540	$	17,481
Money market funds		51,816		95,896
Government-backed securities		19,000		19,000
Asset-backed securities		3,500		—
Corporate debt securities		5,991		11,976
Cash and cash equivalents	$	95,847	$	144,353

Cash equivalents are recorded at cost, which approximate fair value due to their short-term nature.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

The Company applies Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”), for financial and non-financial assets and liabilities.

ASC 820 discusses valuation techniques, such as the market approach (comparable market prices), the income approach (present value of future income or cash flow) and the cost approach (cost to replace the service capacity of an asset or replacement cost). The statement utilizes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. The following is a brief description of those three levels:

· Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

· Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.

· Level 3: Unobservable inputs that reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions.

Marketable Securities

Marketable Securities

Marketable securities consist of commercial paper, asset-backed securities and corporate notes. Classification of marketable securities between current and non-current is dependent upon the maturity date at the balance sheet date taking into consideration the Company’s ability and intent to hold the investment to maturity.

Interest and dividend income is recorded when earned and included in investment income in the consolidated statements of operations. Premiums and discounts, if any, on marketable securities are amortized or accreted to maturity and included in investment income in the consolidated statements of operations. The specific identification method is used in computing realized gains and losses on the sale of the Company’s securities.

The Company classifies its marketable securities with readily determinable fair values as “available-for-sale.” Investments in securities that are classified as available-for-sale are measured at fair market value in the consolidated balance sheets, and unrealized holding gains and losses on marketable securities are reported as a separate component of stockholders’ deficit until realized. Marketable securities are evaluated periodically to determine whether a decline in value is “other-than-temporary.” The term “other-than-temporary” is not intended to indicate a permanent decline in value. Rather, it means that the prospects for a near term recovery of value are not necessarily favorable, or that there is a lack of evidence to support fair values equal to, or greater than, the carrying value of the security. Management reviews criteria, such as the magnitude and duration of the decline, as well as the Company’s ability to hold the securities until market recovery, to predict whether the loss in value is other-than-temporary. If a decline in value is determined to be other-than-temporary, the value of the security is reduced and the impairment is recorded as other income (expense) in the consolidated statements of operations.

Restricted Cash

Restricted Cash

The Company’s current and noncurrent restricted cash includes payments received under the Grant Agreement (see Note 10) and cash collateral accounts under letters of credit that serve as security deposits for certain facility leases. The Company will utilize the Grant Agreement funds as it incurs expenses for services performed under the agreement. At March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the restricted cash balances consist of payments received under the Grant Agreement of $27.3 million and $33.2 million, respectively, and security deposits of $1.7 million at both dates.

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

The Company performs research and development for U.S. Government agencies and other collaborators under cost reimbursable and fixed price contracts, including license, grant and clinical development agreements. The Company recognizes revenue under research contracts when a contract has been executed, the contract price is fixed or determinable, delivery of services or products has occurred and collection of the contract price is reasonably assured. Payments received in advance of work performed are recorded as deferred revenue and losses on contracts, if any, are recognized in the period in which they become known.

Under cost reimbursable contracts with U.S. Government agencies, the Company is reimbursed and recognizes revenue as allowable costs are incurred plus a portion of the fixed-fee earned. The Company considers fixed-fees under cost reimbursable contracts to be earned in proportion to the allowable costs incurred in performance of the work as compared to total estimated contract costs, with such costs incurred representing a reasonable measurement of the proportional performance of the work completed. Under its HHS BARDA contract (see Note 10), certain activities were pre-approved by HHS BARDA in order for their costs to be deemed allowable direct costs. Direct costs incurred under cost reimbursable contracts are recorded as research and development expenses. Payments to the Company under cost reimbursable contracts with agencies of the U.S. Government, such as the HHS BARDA contract, are provisional payments subject to adjustment upon audit by the government. An audit of indirect rates of fiscal years 2013 and 2014 was completed in the first quarter of 2017. When the final determination of the additional costs for fiscal years 2013 and 2014 has been made, and such amount is known and collection of the amount is reasonably assured, revenue and billings will be adjusted accordingly.

Under its Grant Agreement with BMGF (see Note 10), the Company is reimbursed for certain costs that support development activities, including the Company’s global Phase 3 clinical trial in pregnant women in their third trimester, product licensing efforts and World Health Organization (“WHO”) prequalification of the RSV F Vaccine. Payments received under the Grant Agreement are recognized as revenue in the period in which such research and development activities are performed.

The Company’s collaborative research and development agreements may include upfront payments, payments for research and development services, milestone payments and royalties. Agreements with multiple deliverables are evaluated to determine if the deliverables can be divided into more than one unit of accounting. A deliverable can generally be considered a separate unit of accounting if both of the following criteria are met: (1) the delivered item(s) has value to the customer on a stand-alone basis; and (2) if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item(s), delivery or performance of the undelivered item(s) is considered probable and substantially in control of the Company. Deliverables that cannot be divided into separate units are combined and treated as one unit of accounting. Consideration received is allocated among the separate units of accounting based on the relative selling price method. Deliverables under these arrangements typically include rights to intellectual property, research and development services and involvement by the parties in steering committees. Historically, deliverables under the Company’s collaborative research and development agreements have been deemed to have no stand-alone value and as a result have been treated as a single unit of accounting. In addition, the Company analyzes its contracts and collaborative agreements to determine whether the payments received should be recorded as revenue or as a reduction to research and development expenses. In reaching this determination, management considers a number of factors, including whether the Company is principal under the arrangement, and whether the arrangement is significant to, and part of, the Company’s core operations. Historically, payments received under its contracts and collaborative agreements have been recognized as revenue since the Company acts as a principal in the arrangement and the activities are core to its operations.

When the performance under a fixed price contract can be reasonably estimated, revenue for fixed price contracts is recognized under the proportional performance method and earned in proportion to the contract costs incurred in performance of the work as compared to total estimated contract costs. Costs incurred under fixed price contracts represent a reasonable measurement of proportional performance of the work. Direct costs incurred under collaborative research and development agreements are recorded as research and development expenses.

Revenue associated with upfront payments under arrangements is recognized over the contract term or when all obligations associated with the upfront payment have been satisfied.

Revenue from the achievement of research and development milestones, if deemed substantive, is recognized as revenue when the milestones are achieved and the milestone payments are due and collectible. If not deemed substantive, the Company would recognize such milestones as revenue upon its achievement on a straight-line basis over the remaining expected term of the research and development period. Milestones are considered substantive if all of the following conditions are met: (1) the milestone is non-refundable; (2) there is substantive uncertainty of achievement of the milestone at the inception of the arrangement; (3) substantive effort is involved to achieve the milestone and such achievement relates to past performance; and (4) the amount of the milestone appears reasonable in relation to the effort expended and all of the deliverables and payment terms in the arrangement.

Net Loss per Share

Net Loss per Share

Net loss per share is computed using the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. At March 31, 2017 and 2016, the Company had outstanding stock options and unvested restricted stock awards totaling 38,202,428 and 32,803,931, respectively. At March 31, 2017, the Company’s Notes are initially convertible into approximately 47,716,900 shares of the Company’s common stock. These and any shares due to the Company upon settlement of its capped call transactions are excluded from the computation, as their effect is antidilutive.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted

In March 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-09,  Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718) that simplifies the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted this standard on the effective date, January 1, 2017, and, as part of the adoption, elected to account for forfeitures when they occur. The adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

Not Yet Adopted

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)  (“ASU 2014-09”), which supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under Topic 605, Revenue Recognition. The new standard requires a company to recognize revenue when it transfers goods and services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that the company expects to receive for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 defines a five-step process that includes identifying the contract with the customer, identifying the performance obligations in the contract, determining the transaction price, allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and recognizing revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies the performance obligations. In July 2015, the FASB approved a one-year deferral of the effective date of the new standard to 2018 for public companies, with an option that would permit companies to adopt the new standard as early as the original effective date of 2017. Early adoption prior to the original effective date is not permitted. ASU 2014-09 allows for either full retrospective or modified retrospective adoption. The Company has completed an initial assessment of the potential changes from adopting ASU 2014-09, primarily by reviewing its current revenue streams and deferred revenue balances. Based on the Company’s initial assessment, it does not expect any material changes to the recognition of its revenue. The Company has not yet completed its final review of the impact of this guidance, and will continue to evaluate the impacts of adoption over the coming quarters. The Company currently expects to apply ASU 2014-09 on a modified retrospective basis as of January 1, 2018. The Company will continue to monitor additional changes, modifications, clarifications or interpretations being undertaken by the FASB, which may impact its current evaluation. 

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842)  that increases transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosure of key information about leasing arrangements for both lessees and lessors. The standard will be effective January 1, 2019 for the Company, with early adoption permitted. The standard will be applied using a modified retrospective approach to the beginning of the earliest period presented in the financial statements.  The Company is currently evaluating when it will adopt the standard and the expected impact to its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04,  Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350) (“ASU 2017-04”), which will simplify the goodwill impairment calculation, by eliminating Step 2 from the current goodwill impairment test. The new standard does not change how a goodwill impairment is identified. The Company will continue to perform its quantitative goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of its reporting unit to its carrying amount, but if the Company is required to recognize a goodwill impairment charge, under the new standard, the amount of the charge will be calculated by subtracting the reporting unit’s fair value from its carrying amount. Under the current standard, if the Company is required to recognize a goodwill impairment charge, Step 2 requires it to calculate the implied value of goodwill by assigning the fair value of a reporting unit to all of its assets and liabilities as if that reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination and the amount of the charge is calculated by subtracting the reporting unit’s implied fair value of goodwill from the goodwill carrying amount. The standard will be effective January 1, 2020 for the Company, with early adoption permitted, and should be applied prospectively from the date of adoption. The Company is currently evaluating when it will adopt ASU 2017-04 and its expected impact to related disclosures.

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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Schedule of Cash and Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase. Cash and cash equivalents consist of the following at (in thousands):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2017		2016
Cash	$	15,540	$	17,481
Money market funds		51,816		95,896
Government-backed securities		19,000		19,000
Asset-backed securities		3,500		—
Corporate debt securities		5,991		11,976
Cash and cash equivalents	$	95,847	$	144,353

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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Fair Value Measurements [Abstract]

Fair Value Hierarchy

The following table represents the Company’s fair value hierarchy for its financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value (in thousands):

	Fair Value at March 31, 2017						Fair Value at December 31, 2016
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Money market funds(1)	$	51,816	$	—	$	—	$	95,896	$	—	$	—
Government-backed securities		—		19,000		—		—		19,000		—
Asset-backed securities(2)		—		48,573		—		—		23,632		—
Corporate debt securities(3)		—		76,249		—		—		79,470		—
Total assets	$	51,816	$	143,822	$	—	$	95,896	$	122,102	$	—
Liabilities
Convertible notes payable	$	—	$	148,671	$	—	$	—	$	141,989	$	—

(1) Classified as cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively (see Note 3).

(2) Includes $3,500 classified as cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2017 (see Note 3).

(3) Includes $5,991 and $11,976 classified as cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively (see Note 3).

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Marketable Securities (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Investments [Abstract]

Investments Classified as Available-For-Sale

Marketable securities classified as available-for-sale as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were comprised of (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017								December 31, 2016
			Gross		Gross						Gross		Gross
	Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized				Amortized		Unrealized		Unrealized
	Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value		Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
Asset-backed securities	$	45,086	$	—	$	(13)	$	45,073	$	23,636	$	—	$	(4)	$	23,632
Corporate debt securities		70,213		57		(12)		70,258		67,457		43		(6)		67,494
Total	$	115,299	$	57	$	(25)	$	115,331	$	91,093	$	43	$	(10)	$	91,126

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Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets [Abstract]

Schedule of Goodwill

The change in the carrying amounts of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was as follows (in thousands):

	Amount
Balance at December 31, 2016	$	51,673
Currency translation adjustments		268
Balance at March 31, 2017	$	51,941

Schedule of Identifiable Intangible Assets

Purchased intangible assets consisted of the following as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 (in thousands):

	March 31, 2017						December 31, 2016
	Gross						Gross
	Carrying		Accumulated		Intangible		Carrying		Accumulated		Intangible
	Amount		Amortization		Assets, Net		Amount		Amortization		Assets, Net
Finite-lived intangible assets:
Proprietary adjuvant technology	$	8,345	$	(1,530)	$	6,815	$	8,222	$	(1,404)	$	6,818
Collaboration agreements		3,768		(1,422)		2,346		3,713		(1,306)		2,407
Total identifiable intangible assets	$	12,113	$	(2,952)	$	9,161	$	11,935	$	(2,710)	$	9,225

Schedule of Estimated Amortization Expense

Estimated amortization expense for existing intangible assets for the remainder of 2017 and for each of the five succeeding years ending December 31 will be as follows (in thousands):

Year	Amount
2017 (remainder)	$	604
2018		805
2019		805
2020		687
2021		546
2022		523

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Long-Term Debt (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Notes Payable

Total convertible notes payable consisted of the following at (in thousands):

	March 31,		December 31,
	2017		2016
Principal amount of Notes	$	325,000	$	325,000
Unamortized debt issuance costs		(8,305)		(8,661)
Total convertible notes payable	$	316,695	$	316,339

Interest Expense

Interest expense incurred in connection with the Notes consisted of the following (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2017		2016
Coupon interest	$	3,047	$	2,099
Amortization of debt issuance costs		356		237
Total interest expense on Notes	$	3,403	$	2,336

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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]

Summary of Option Activity

The following is a summary of option activity under the 2015 Plan and 2005 Plan for the three months ended March 31, 2017:

	2015 Plan				2005 Plan
			Weighted-				Weighted-
			Average				Average
	Stock Options		Exercise Price		Stock Options		Exercise Price
Outstanding at January 1, 2017		25,104,603	$	4.87		14,128,129	$	3.30
Granted		803,450	$	1.45		—	$	—
Exercised		—	$	—		(100,000)	$	1.24
Canceled		(1,123,179)	$	5.01		(629,325)	$	3.85
Outstanding at March 31, 2017		24,784,874	$	4.75		13,398,804	$	3.29
Shares exercisable at March 31, 2017		5,679,375	$	7.36		11,474,679	$	3.01
Shares available for grant at March 31, 2017		6,170,126

Assumptions used to Estimate Grant Date Fair Value of Stock Options granted using Black-Scholes Option-Pricing Model

The fair value of stock options granted under the 2015 Plan and 2005 Plan was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2017		2016
Weighted-average Black-Scholes fair value of stock options granted		$1.13		$2.45
Risk-free interest rate		1.73%-2.34%		1.25%-1.70%
Dividend yield		0%		0%
Volatility		88.91%-109.50%		57.86%-68.28%
Expected term (in years)		4.19-7.46		4.26-7.28
Expected forfeiture rate		0%		0%-16.33%

Summary of Restricted Stock Awards Activity

The following is a summary of restricted stock awards activity for the three months ended March 31, 2017:

			Per Share
			Weighted-
			Average
	Number of		Grant-Date
	Shares		Fair Value
Outstanding and Unvested at January 1, 2017		45,000	$	4.99
Restricted stock granted		—	$	—
Restricted stock vested		(26,250)	$	4.99
Restricted stock forfeited		—	$	—
Outstanding and Unvested at March 31, 2017		18,750	$	4.99

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

The Company recorded all stock-based compensation expense in the consolidated statements of operations as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2017		2016
Research and development	$	2,215	$	3,233
General and administrative		1,998		1,728
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	4,213	$	4,961

Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member]

Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]

Assumptions used to Estimate Grant Date Fair Value of Stock Options granted using Black-Scholes Option-Pricing Model

The ESPP is considered compensatory for financial reporting purposes. As such, the fair value of ESPP shares was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2017		2016
Range of Black-Scholes fair values of ESPP shares granted		$1.05-$5.47		$1.86-$3.38
Risk-free interest rate		0.45%-0.70%		0.22%-0.44%
Dividend yield		0%		0%
Volatility		45.98%-267.85%		46.14%-86.75%
Expected term (in years)		0.5-2.0		0.5-2.0
Expected forfeiture rate		0%		5%

XML

Operations (Narrative) (Details) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($)
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Short-term Investments	$ 211.2

XML

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number of shares excluded from the computation of net loss per share	38,202,428	32,803,931
Foreign currency translation adjustment	$ 11,400		$ 11,800
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents	27,319		30,314
Security Deposit [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents	1,700		1,700
Grant Agreement [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents	$ 27,300		$ 33,200
Convertible Debt Securities [Member]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number of shares excluded from the computation of net loss per share	47,716,900

XML

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Cash and Equivalents) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 95,847	$ 144,353	$ 132,225	$ 93,108
Cash [Member]
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	15,540	17,481
Money market funds [Member]
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	51,816	95,896
Government-backed securities [Member]
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	19,000	19,000
Asset-backed Securities [Member]
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	3,500	0
Corporate debt securities [Member]
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 5,991	$ 11,976

XML

Fair Value Measurements (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value, Total	$ 95,847	$ 144,353	$ 132,225	$ 93,108
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member] | Asset-backed Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value, Total	3,500
Cash and Cash Equivalents [Member] | Corporate Debt Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value, Total	$ 5,991	$ 11,976

XML

Fair Value Measurements (Fair value hierarchy for its financial assets and liabilities) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Level 1 [Member]
Assets
Total assets		$ 51,816	$ 95,896
Liabilities
Convertible notes payable		0	0
Level 1 [Member] | Money market funds [Member]
Assets
Total assets	[1]	51,816	95,896
Level 1 [Member] | Government-backed securities [Member]
Assets
Total assets		0	0
Level 1 [Member] | Asset-backed securities [Member]
Assets
Total assets	[2]	0	0
Level 1 [Member] | Corporate Debt Securities [Member]
Assets
Total assets	[3]	0	0
Level 2 [Member]
Assets
Total assets		143,822	122,102
Liabilities
Convertible notes payable		148,671	141,989
Level 2 [Member] | Money market funds [Member]
Assets
Total assets	[1]	0	0
Level 2 [Member] | Government-backed securities [Member]
Assets
Total assets		19,000	19,000
Level 2 [Member] | Asset-backed securities [Member]
Assets
Total assets	[2]	48,573	23,632
Level 2 [Member] | Corporate Debt Securities [Member]
Assets
Total assets	[3]	76,249	79,470
Level 3 [Member]
Assets
Total assets		0	0
Liabilities
Convertible notes payable		0	0
Level 3 [Member] | Money market funds [Member]
Assets
Total assets	[1]	0	0
Level 3 [Member] | Government-backed securities [Member]
Assets
Total assets		0	0
Level 3 [Member] | Asset-backed securities [Member]
Assets
Total assets	[2]	0	0
Level 3 [Member] | Corporate Debt Securities [Member]
Assets
Total assets	[3]	$ 0	$ 0

[1] Classified as cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively (see Note 3).

[2] Includes $3,500 classified as cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2017 (see Note 3).

[3] Includes $5,991 and $11,976 classified as cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively (see Note 3).

XML

Marketable Securities (Narrative) (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($) Number	Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($)
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Available-For-Sale Securities Number of Securities Owned | Number	34
Available-For-Sale Securities Number Of Securities Owned Unrealized Losses | Number	18
Available-for-sale Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax | $	$ 25	$ 10
Available-for-sale Securities [Member]
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Available-for-sale Securities, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax | $	$ 100

XML

Marketable Securities (Marketable securities classified as available-for-sale) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	$ 115,299	$ 91,093
Gross Unrealized Gains	57	43
Gross Unrealized Losses	(25)	(10)
Fair Value	115,331	91,126
Asset-backed securities [Member]
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	45,086	23,636
Gross Unrealized Gains	0	0
Gross Unrealized Losses	(13)	(4)
Fair Value	45,073	23,632
Corporate Debt Securities [Member]
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	70,213	67,457
Gross Unrealized Gains	57	43
Gross Unrealized Losses	(12)	(6)
Fair Value	$ 70,258	$ 67,494

XML

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Amortization of Intangible Assets	$ 0.2	$ 0.2

XML

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Schedule of Goodwill) (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($)
Goodwill [Line Items]
Beginning balance	$ 51,673
Currency translation adjustments	268
Ending balance	$ 51,941

XML

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Schedule of Identifiable Intangible Assets) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 12,113	$ 11,935
Accumulated Amortization	(2,952)	(2,710)
Intangible Assets, Net	9,161	9,225
Collaboration agreements [Member]
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	3,768	3,713
Accumulated Amortization	(1,422)	(1,306)
Intangible Assets, Net	2,346	2,407
Proprietary adjuvant technology [Member]
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	8,345	8,222
Accumulated Amortization	(1,530)	(1,404)
Intangible Assets, Net	$ 6,815	$ 6,818

XML

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Schedule of Estimated Amortization Expense) (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($)
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
2017 (remainder)	$ 604
2018	805
2019	805
2020	687
2021	546
2022	$ 523

XML

Long-Term Debt (Narrative) (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2016 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($)	Jan. 25, 2016 $ / shares
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount of notes issued	$ 325,000	$ 325,000	$ 325,000
Payment for capped call transactions		38,500
Debt Cap Price				9.73
Net proceeds received		315,000
Sale of Stock, Price Per Share | $ / shares				$ 5.56
Debt Issuance Costs		10,000
Amortization period	7 year
Capped Call Transactions Expenses		$ 900
Capped Call Transactions [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Conversion Premium, Percentage				75.00%
Maximum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Terms of Conversion Feature	In addition, the holders of the Notes may require the Company to repurchase the Notes at par value plus accrued and unpaid interest following the occurrence of a Fundamental Change (as described in the Indenture). If a holder of the Notes converts upon a Make-Whole Adjustment Event (as described in the Indenture), they may be eligible to receive a make-whole premium through an increase to the conversion rate up to a maximum of 179.8561 shares per $1,000 principal amount of Notes (subject to other adjustments as described in the Indenture).
Minimum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Terms of Conversion Feature	The Notes are initially convertible into approximately 47,716,900 shares of the Companys stock based on the initial conversion rate of 146.8213 shares of the Companys common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the Notes.
Unsecured Debt [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Convertible Notes Payable, Maturity Date	Feb. 01, 2023
Conversion Premium, Percentage				22.50%
Annual Interest Rate of Notes (as a percent)	3.75%
Debt Instrument, Convertible, Conversion Price | $ / shares				$ 6.81

XML

Long-Term Debt (Notes Payable) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2016
Principal amount of Notes	$ 325,000	$ 325,000	$ 325,000
Unamortized debt issuance costs	(8,305)	(8,661)
Total convertible notes payable	$ 316,695	$ 316,339

XML

Long-Term Debt (Interest Expense) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Coupon interest	$ 3,047	$ 2,099
Amortization of debt issuance costs	356	237
Total interest expense on Notes	$ 3,403	$ 2,336

XML

Stockholders’ Deficit (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands, shares in Millions	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 21, 2017	Feb. 28, 2017	Jan. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]
Proceeds from Issuance of Common Stock		$ 14,585	$ 0
Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues		10.7
Shelf Registration Statement, Maximum Authorized Stock Issuance, Value						$ 75,000	$ 200,000
Shares Issued, Price Per Share				$ 1.27	$ 1.52
Convertible Debt [Member]
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]
Adjustments to Additional Paid IN capital, Cost and Expenses on Derivative Transaction			$ 38,500
Subsequent Event [Member]
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]
Proceeds from Issuance of Common Stock	$ 200
Public Offering [Member]
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]
Shelf Registration Statement, Maximum Authorized Stock Issuance, Value							$ 125,000
Weighted Average [Member]
Subsidiary, Sale of Stock [Line Items]
Shares Issued, Price Per Share		$ 1.43

XML

Stock-Based Compensation (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised	$ 0.1	$ 1.8
Unrecognized compensation expense	$ 40.7
Unrecognized compensation expense, recognition period	1 year 8 months 12 days
2005 Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Maximum term of options	10 years
Minimum grant price, percent of common stock fair value	100.00%
Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Common stock reserved for issuance	1,185,869
Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP), Plan Description	the Company adopted an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the ESPP), which currently authorizes an aggregate of 3,450,000 shares of common stock to be purchased, and the aggregate amount of shares will continue to increase 5% on each anniversary of its adoption up to a maximum of 4,000,000 shares. The number of authorized shares and the maximum number of shares both include an increase of 1,000,000 shares approved at the Companys 2016 annual meeting of stockholders. The ESPP allows employees to purchase shares of common stock of the Company at each purchase date through payroll deductions of up to a maximum of 15% of their compensation, at 85% of the lesser of the market price of the shares at the time of purchase or the market price on the beginning date of an option period (or, if later, the date during the option period when the employee was first eligible to participate).
2015 Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Common stock reserved for issuance	31,000,000
Aggregate intrinsic value of stock options outstanding	$ 0.1
Weighted-average remaining contractual term of stock options outstanding	7 years 8 months 12 days
Aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercisable	$ 0.1
Weighted-average remaining contractual term of stock options exercisable	6 years 3 months 18 days
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Number of Additional Shares Authorized	6,000,000
2017 Annual Meeting [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Number of Additional Shares Authorized	5,000,000

XML

Stock-Based Compensation (Summary of Option Activity) (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 $ / shares shares
2005 Plan [Member]
Stock Options
Outstanding at January 1, 2017	14,128,129
Granted	0
Exercised	(100,000)
Canceled	(629,325)
Outstanding at March 31, 2017	13,398,804
Shares exercisable at March 31, 2017	11,474,679
Weighted-Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at January 1, 2017 | $ / shares	$ 3.3
Granted | $ / shares	0
Exercised | $ / shares	1.24
Canceled | $ / shares	3.85
Outstanding at March 31, 2017 | $ / shares	3.29
Shares exercisable at March 31, 2017 | $ / shares	$ 3.01
2015 Plan [Member]
Stock Options
Outstanding at January 1, 2017	25,104,603
Granted	803,450
Exercised	0
Canceled	(1,123,179)
Outstanding at March 31, 2017	24,784,874
Shares exercisable at March 31, 2017	5,679,375
Shares available for grant at March 31, 2017	6,170,126
Weighted-Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at January 1, 2017 | $ / shares	$ 4.87
Granted | $ / shares	1.45
Exercised | $ / shares	0
Canceled | $ / shares	5.01
Outstanding at March 31, 2017 | $ / shares	4.75
Shares exercisable at March 31, 2017 | $ / shares	$ 7.36

XML

Stock-Based Compensation (Assumptions Used in Estimation of Fair Value of Stock) (Details) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Black-Scholes fair values of awards granted	$ 1.13	$ 2.45
Risk-free interest rate, minimum	1.73%	1.25%
Risk-free interest rate, maximum	2.34%	1.70%
Dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%
Volatility, minimum	88.91%	57.86%
Volatility, maximum	109.50%	68.28%
Expected forfeiture rate	0.00%
Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Risk-free interest rate, minimum	0.45%	0.22%
Risk-free interest rate, maximum	0.70%	0.44%
Dividend yield	0.00%	0.00%
Volatility, minimum	45.98%	46.14%
Volatility, maximum	267.85%	86.75%
Expected forfeiture rate	0.00%	5.00%
Minimum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term (in years)	4 years 2 months 8 days	4 years 3 months 4 days
Expected forfeiture rate		0.00%
Minimum [Member] | Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Black-Scholes fair values of awards granted	$ 1.05	$ 1.86
Expected term (in years)	6 months	6 months
Maximum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected term (in years)	7 years 5 months 16 days	7 years 3 months 11 days
Expected forfeiture rate		16.33%
Maximum [Member] | Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Black-Scholes fair values of awards granted	$ 5.47	$ 3.38
Expected term (in years)	2 years	2 years

XML

Stock-Based Compensation (Summary of Restricted Stock Awards Activity) (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017 $ / shares shares
Number of shares
Outstanding and Unvested at January 1, 2017 | shares	45,000
Restricted stock granted | shares	0
Restricted stock vested | shares	(26,250)
Restricted stock forfeited | shares	0
Outstanding and Unvested at March 31, 2017 | shares	18,750
Per Share Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Outstanding and Unvested at January 1, 2017 | $ / shares	$ 4.99
Restricted stock granted | $ / shares	0
Restricted stock vested | $ / shares	4.99
Restricted stock forfeited | $ / shares	0
Outstanding and Unvested at March 31, 2017 | $ / shares	$ 4.99

XML

Stock-Based Compensation (Stock-Based Compensation Expense) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 4,213	$ 4,961
Research and development [Member]
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	2,215	3,233
General and administrative [Member]
Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 1,998	$ 1,728

XML

Collaboration, U.S. Government Agreement and Joint Venture (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended		3 Months Ended		19 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2015	Jun. 30, 2015	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016	Mar. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2014
Collaborative Arrangements and Non-collaborative Arrangement Transactions [Line Items]
Contracts Revenue			$ 0	$ 1,946
Cadila [Member]
Collaborative Arrangements and Non-collaborative Arrangement Transactions [Line Items]
Joint Venture Percentage Owned By Others			80.00%		80.00%
HHS BARDA Contract [Member]
Collaborative Arrangements and Non-collaborative Arrangement Transactions [Line Items]
Government Contract Receivable						$ 97,000
Increase in funding for recovery of additional costs under contract		$ 7,700
HHS BARDA Option for Additional Period [Member]
Collaborative Arrangements and Non-collaborative Arrangement Transactions [Line Items]
Government Contract Receivable						$ 70,000
Bill Melinda Gates Foundation [Member]
Collaborative Arrangements and Non-collaborative Arrangement Transactions [Line Items]
Grant agreement	$ 89,100
CPL Biologicals Private Limited [Member]
Collaborative Arrangements and Non-collaborative Arrangement Transactions [Line Items]
Ownership percentage			20.00%		20.00%
Minimum [Member] | Bill Melinda Gates Foundation [Member]
Collaborative Arrangements and Non-collaborative Arrangement Transactions [Line Items]
Contracts Revenue			$ 5,500
Maximum [Member] | Bill Melinda Gates Foundation [Member]
Collaborative Arrangements and Non-collaborative Arrangement Transactions [Line Items]
Contracts Revenue					$ 18,000

XML

License agreement with Wyeth Holding Corporation (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2015
Maximum [Member]
Collaborative Arrangements and Non-collaborative Arrangement Transactions [Line Items]
Increase In Milestone Payment	$ 15.0
Increase In License Maintenance Fees	0.3
Minimum [Member]
Collaborative Arrangements and Non-collaborative Arrangement Transactions [Line Items]
Increase In Milestone Payment	14.0
Increase In License Maintenance Fees	0.2
License agreement
Collaborative Arrangements and Non-collaborative Arrangement Transactions [Line Items]
Aggregate amount of payments made under license agreement	$ 7.6
License agreement | Wyeth
Collaborative Arrangements and Non-collaborative Arrangement Transactions [Line Items]
Accrued milestone payment associated with the first Phase 3 clinical trial		$ 3.0

XML

Related Party Transactions (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2017	Mar. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Due to Related Parties	$ 0.1		$ 0.1
Master services agreement expenses	$ 0.1	$ 0.3
Subsidiary of Cadila [Member]
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Common Stock Shares Outstanding Related Party Transactions	2.5