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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2015
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]  
Summary of Option Activity
The following is a summary of option activity under the 2015 Plan, 2005 Plan and the 1995 Stock Option Plan (“1995 Plan”) for the six months ended June 30, 2015:
 
 
 
2015 Plan
 
2005 Plan
 
1995 Plan
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted-
 
 
 
 
Weighted-
 
 
 
 
Weighted-
 
 
 
 
 
Average
 
 
 
 
Average
 
 
 
 
Average
 
 
 
Stock
 
Exercise
 
Stock
 
Exercise
 
Stock
 
Exercise
 
 
 
Options
 
Price
 
Options
 
Price
 
Options
 
Price
 
Outstanding at January 1, 2015
 
 
 
$
 
 
16,928,098
 
$
3.24
 
 
35,000
 
$
2.21
 
Granted
 
 
7,369,441
 
$
8.97
 
 
22,500
 
$
6.70
 
 
 
$
 
Exercised
 
 
 
$
 
 
(877,910)
 
$
2.24
 
 
(35,000)
 
$
2.21
 
Canceled
 
 
(55,500)
 
$
8.94
 
 
(153,375)
 
$
3.92
 
 
 
$
 
Outstanding at June 30, 2015
 
 
7,313,941
 
$
8.97
 
 
15,919,313
 
$
3.29
 
 
 
$
 
Shares exercisable at June 30, 2015
 
 
 
$
 
 
8,320,563
 
$
2.51
 
 
 
$
 
Shares available for grant at June 30, 2015
 
 
17,686,059
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assumptions used to Estimate Grant Date Fair Value of Stock Options granted using Black-Scholes Option-Pricing Model
The fair value of stock options granted under the 2015 Plan and 2005 Plan was estimated at the date of grant or the date upon which the 2015 Plan was approved by the Company’s stockholders for stock options granted prior to that time using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions:
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
 
 
 
 
June 30,
 
June 30,
 
 
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
Weighted-average Black- Scholes fair value of stock options granted
 
 
$4.42
 
$1.92
 
$4.42
 
$2.48
 
Risk-free interest rate
 
 
1.37%-2.13%
 
1.33%-1.39%
 
1.19%-2.13%
 
1.24%-2.22%
 
Dividend yield
 
 
0%
 
0%
 
0%
 
0%
 
Volatility
 
 
54.18%-68.39%
 
52.87%-53.81%
 
53.58%-68.39%
 
52.47%-67.93%
 
Expected term (in years)
 
 
3.98-7.34
 
4.10-4.26
 
3.98-7.34
 
4.04-6.96
 
Expected forfeiture rate
 
 
0%-16.33%
 
0%-23.15%
 
0%-16.33%
 
0%-23.15%
 
Summary of Restricted Stock Awards Activity
The following is a summary of restricted stock awards activity for the six months ended June 30, 2015:
 
 
 
 
Per Share
 
 
 
 
Weighted-
 
 
 
 
Average
 
 
Number of
 
Grant-Date
 
 
Shares
 
Fair Value
 
Outstanding and Unvested at January 1, 2015
 
 
15,000
 
$
4.48
 
Restricted stock granted
 
 
 
$
 
Restricted stock vested
 
 
 
$
 
Restricted stock forfeited
 
 
 
$
 
Outstanding and Unvested at June 30, 2015
 
 
15,000
 
$
4.48
 
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
The Company recorded all stock-based compensation expense in the consolidated statements of operations as follows (in thousands):
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
 
 
 
June 30,
 
June 30,
 
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
Research and development
 
$
1,090
 
$
651
 
$
2,122
 
$
1,175
 
General and administrative
 
 
1,490
 
 
1,201
 
 
2,392
 
 
1,717
 
Total stock-based compensation expense
 
$
2,580
 
$
1,852
 
$
4,514
 
$
2,892
 
Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member]  
Deferred Compensation Arrangement with Individual, Share-based Payments [Line Items]  
Assumptions used to Estimate Grant Date Fair Value of Stock Options granted using Black-Scholes Option-Pricing Model
The ESPP is considered compensatory for financial reporting purposes. As such, the fair value of ESPP shares was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions: 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended
 
Six Months Ended
 
 
 
 
June 30,
 
June 30,
 
 
 
 
2015
 
2014
 
2015
 
2014
 
Range of Black-Scholes fair value of ESPP shares granted
 
 
$1.20-$2.24
 
$0.97-$1.79
 
$1.06-$2.24
 
$0.97-$1.79
 
Risk-free interest rate
 
 
0.07%-0.35%
 
0.11%-0.14%
 
0.05%-0.35%
 
0.11%-0.14%
 
Dividend yield
 
 
0%
 
0%
 
0%
 
0%
 
Volatility
 
 
40.79%-64.24%
 
53.80%-67.57%
 
40.79%-64.24%
 
53.80%-67.57%
 
Expected term (in years)
 
 
0.5-2.0
 
0.5-1.0
 
0.5-2.0
 
0.5-1.0
 
Expected forfeiture rate
 
 
5%
 
5%
 
5%
 
5%