Grants, U.S. Government Contract and Joint Venture	12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Grants, U.S. Government Contract and Joint Venture
Grants, U.S. Government Contract and Joint Venture	Note 8 – Grants, U.S. Government Contract and Joint Venture Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Grant Agreement In support of the Company’s development of ResVax, in September 2015, the Company entered into the grant agreement with BMGF (the “Grant Agreement”), under which it was awarded a grant totaling up to $89.1 million (the “Grant”). The Grant supports development activities, including the Company’s global Phase 3 clinical trial in pregnant women in their third trimester, product licensing efforts and efforts to obtain WHO prequalification of ResVax. Unless terminated earlier by BMGF, the Grant Agreement will continue in effect until the end of 2021. The Company concurrently entered into a Global Access Commitments Agreement (“GACA”) with BMGF as a part of the Grant Agreement. Under the terms of the GACA, among other things, the Company agreed to make a certain amount of ResVax available and accessible at affordable pricing to people in certain low- and middle-income countries. Unless terminated earlier by BMGF, the GACA will continue in effect until the latter of 15 years from its effective date, or 10 years after the first sale of a product under defined circumstances. The term of the GACA may be extended in certain circumstances, by a period of up to five additional years. Payments received in advance that are related to future performance are deferred and recognized as revenue when the research and development activities are performed. Cash payments received under the Grant Agreement are restricted as to their use until expenditures contemplated in the Grant Agreement are incurred. In 2019, the Company recognized revenue from the Grant of $8.4 million, and has recognized approximately $81 million in revenue since the inception of the agreement. At December 31, 2019, the Company’s current restricted cash and deferred revenue balances on the consolidated balance sheet represent its estimate of costs to be reimbursed and revenue to be recognized, respectively, in the next twelve months under the Grant Agreement. Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations Award In March 2020, the Company was awarded initial funding of $4 million from the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (“CEPI”) to facilitate its development of a new strain of the coronavirus vaccine (“COVID-19”) in preparation for potential future clinical trials. A subsequent CEPI award may be available to cover the Company’s program expenditures through Phase 1 clinical trial results. HHS BARDA Contract for Recombinant Influenza Vaccines HHS BARDA awarded the Company a contract in 2011 for the development of both the Company’s quadrivalent seasonal and pandemic influenza virus-like particle (“VLP”) vaccine candidates. The HHS BARDA contract was a cost-plus-fixed-fee contract, under which the Company was reimbursed for allowable direct and indirect contract costs and a fixed-fee. The HHS BARDA contract expired in accordance with its terms in September 2016. Billings under the contract were provisional, subject to adjustment after audit by the government, and were based on approved provisional indirect billing rates, including fringe benefits, overhead and general and administrative expenses. These indirect rates were subject to audit by HHS BARDA on an annual basis. In December 2019, the Company amended its contract with HHS BARDA to close out the contract. Pursuant to the amendment, HHS BARDA agreed to pay the Company $7.5 million for the recovery of additional costs under the contract relating to the close out of indirect rates for the remaining fiscal years 2013 through 2016. As a result of the amendment, the Company recorded revenue of $7.5 million in the fourth quarter of 2019. Payment was received in the first quarter of 2020. CPLB Joint Venture In 2009, the Company formed a joint venture with Cadila Pharmaceuticals Limited (“Cadila”), CPLB, to develop and manufacture vaccines, biological therapeutics and diagnostics in India. CPLB is owned 20% by the Company and 80% by Cadila. Because CPLB’s activities and operations are controlled and funded by Cadila, the Company accounts for its investment using the equity method. Since the carrying value of the Company’s initial investment was nominal, and the Company has provided no guarantee or commitment to provide future funding, the Company has not recorded losses related to this investment. In July 2018, the Company amended and restated its joint venture and license agreements with respect to CPLB to align them with its current and planned interactions with CPLB. CPLB continues to be owned 20% by the Company and 80% by Cadila.

Note 8 – Grants, U.S. Government Contract and Joint Venture

Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Grant Agreement

In support of the Company’s development of ResVax, in September 2015, the Company entered into the grant agreement with BMGF (the “Grant Agreement”), under which it was awarded a grant totaling up to $89.1 million (the “Grant”). The Grant supports development activities, including the Company’s global Phase 3 clinical trial in pregnant women in their third trimester, product licensing efforts and efforts to obtain WHO prequalification of ResVax. Unless terminated earlier by BMGF, the Grant Agreement will continue in effect until the end of 2021. The Company concurrently entered into a Global Access Commitments Agreement (“GACA”) with BMGF as a part of the Grant Agreement. Under the terms of the GACA, among other things, the Company agreed to make a certain amount of ResVax available and accessible at affordable pricing to people in certain low- and middle-income countries. Unless terminated earlier by BMGF, the GACA will continue in effect until the latter of 15 years from its effective date, or 10 years after the first sale of a product under defined circumstances. The term of the GACA may be extended in certain circumstances, by a period of up to five additional years.

Payments received in advance that are related to future performance are deferred and recognized as revenue when the research and development activities are performed. Cash payments received under the Grant Agreement are restricted as to their use until expenditures contemplated in the Grant Agreement are incurred. In 2019, the Company recognized revenue from the Grant of $8.4 million, and has recognized approximately $81 million in revenue since the inception of the agreement. At December 31, 2019, the Company’s current restricted cash and deferred revenue balances on the consolidated balance sheet represent its estimate of costs to be reimbursed and revenue to be recognized, respectively, in the next twelve months under the Grant Agreement.

Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations Award

In March 2020, the Company was awarded initial funding of $4 million from the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (“CEPI”) to facilitate its development of a new strain of the coronavirus vaccine (“COVID-19”) in preparation for potential future clinical trials. A subsequent CEPI award may be available to cover the Company’s program expenditures through Phase 1 clinical trial results.

HHS BARDA Contract for Recombinant Influenza Vaccines

HHS BARDA awarded the Company a contract in 2011 for the development of both the Company’s quadrivalent seasonal and pandemic influenza virus-like particle (“VLP”) vaccine candidates. The HHS BARDA contract was a cost-plus-fixed-fee contract, under which the Company was reimbursed for allowable direct and indirect contract costs and a fixed-fee. The HHS BARDA contract expired in accordance with its terms in September 2016. Billings under the contract were provisional, subject to adjustment after audit by the government, and were based on approved provisional indirect billing rates, including fringe benefits, overhead and general and administrative expenses. These indirect rates were subject to audit by HHS BARDA on an annual basis.

In December 2019, the Company amended its contract with HHS BARDA to close out the contract. Pursuant to the amendment, HHS BARDA agreed to pay the Company $7.5 million for the recovery of additional costs under the contract relating to the close out of indirect rates for the remaining fiscal years 2013 through 2016. As a result of the amendment, the Company recorded revenue of $7.5 million in the fourth quarter of 2019. Payment was received in the first quarter of 2020.

CPLB Joint Venture

In 2009, the Company formed a joint venture with Cadila Pharmaceuticals Limited (“Cadila”), CPLB, to develop and manufacture vaccines, biological therapeutics and diagnostics in India. CPLB is owned 20% by the Company and 80% by Cadila. Because CPLB’s activities and operations are controlled and funded by Cadila, the Company accounts for its investment using the equity method. Since the carrying value of the Company’s initial investment was nominal, and the Company has provided no guarantee or commitment to provide future funding, the Company has not recorded losses related to this investment. In July 2018, the Company amended and restated its joint venture and license agreements with respect to CPLB to align them with its current and planned interactions with CPLB. CPLB continues to be owned 20% by the Company and 80% by Cadila.