The accompanying consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, "U.S. GAAP." The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. The Company believes the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements are reasonable, based upon currently available facts and known circumstances. Actual results may differ from those estimates and assumptions as a result of a number of factors, including those discussed elsewhere in this report and in its other public filings from time to time.

The Company uses the equity method to account for its investments in two joint ventures with the China National Tobacco Corporation (see Note 9. Joint Ventures). Investment in equity affiliates represents the Company’s investment in these joint ventures. The Company’s 50% share of the net income of the joint ventures is included in the consolidated statements of income as income from equity affiliates.

The Company has two main sources of revenue: product sales and materials conversion. The Company recognizes product sales revenues when control of a product is transferred to the customer. For the majority of product sales, transfer of control occurs when the products are shipped from one of the Company’s manufacturing facilities to the customer. Any freight costs billed to and paid by a customer are included in net sales. The Company also provides services to customers through the conversion of customer-owned raw materials into processed finished goods. In these transactions, the Company generally recognizes revenue as processing is completed.

Royalties from third-party patent licenses are recognized when earned, including monies received at an agreement's initiation attributable to past sales. The Company recognizes up-front payments upon receipt when it has no future performance requirement or ongoing obligation arising from its agreements and the payment is for a separate earnings process. Minimum annual royalties received in advance are deferred and are recognized in the period earned. The Company recognized $8.8 million, $7.5 million, and $6.8 million of royalty income during 2021, 2020 and 2019 respectively, which is included in net sales in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

The income statements of foreign entities are translated into U.S. dollars at average exchange rates prevailing during the periods presented. The balance sheets of these entities are translated at period-end exchange rates, and the differences from historical exchange rates are reflected in a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive loss as unrealized foreign currency translation adjustments.

Foreign currency risks arise from transactions and balances denominated in non-local currencies. Gains and losses resulting from remeasurement and settlement of such transactions and balances, net of currency hedge impacts, included in Other income (expense), net, were losses of $7.3 million, $0.9 million, and $1.4 million in 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

The Company is exposed to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates and commodity prices. The Company utilizes a variety of practices to manage these market risks, including where considered appropriate, derivative instruments. The Company uses derivative instruments only for risk management purposes and not for trading or speculation. All derivative instruments the Company uses are either exchange traded or are entered into with major financial institutions in order to reduce credit risk and risk of nonperformance by third parties. The Company believes the credit risks with respect to the counterparties, and the foreign currency risks that would not be hedged if the counterparties fail to fulfill their obligations under the contracts, are not material in view of its understanding of the financial strength of the counterparties.

Gains and losses on instruments that hedge firm commitments are deferred and included in the basis of the underlying hedged items. All other hedging gains and losses are included in period income or expense based on the period-end market price of the instrument and are included in the Company's operating cash flows. See Note 15. Derivatives, for additional information.

The Company considers all highly liquid, unrestricted investments with remaining maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents, including money market funds with no restrictions on withdrawals. As of December 31, 2021, and 2020, included in Cash and cash equivalents on the Consolidated Balance Sheets is $0.6 million in contractually restricted cash.

The Company uses the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations. At the acquisition date, the Company records assets acquired, and liabilities assumed at their respective fair market values. The Company estimates fair value using the exit price approach which is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly market. An exit price is determined from a market participant's viewpoint in the principal or most advantageous market and may result in the Company valuing assets or liabilities at a fair value that is not reflective of the Company's intended use of the assets or liabilities. Any excess consideration above the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired is recognized as goodwill on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. The operating results of acquired businesses are included in the Company's results of operations beginning as of their effective acquisition dates. Acquisition costs are expensed as incurred and were $8.7 million and $1.1 million in 2021 and 2020, respectively. There were no acquisition costs incurred in 2019.

The Company evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets, including property and equipment, goodwill, and intangible assets when events and circumstances warrant a review. Goodwill is also tested for impairment annually during the fourth quarter. We first evaluate qualitative factors, such as macroeconomic conditions and our overall financial performance by reporting unit to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill. We then evaluate how significant each of the identified factors could be to the fair value or carrying amount of a reporting unit and weigh these factors in totality in forming a conclusion of whether or not it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount (the “Step 0 Test”). Goodwill is not impaired if we determine that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. Otherwise, we would proceed to the goodwill impairment test.

Alternatively, we may also bypass the Step 0 Test and proceed directly to the goodwill impairment test, where the fair value of the reporting unit is compared to the carrying value. The difference between the total fair value of the reporting unit and the carrying value is recognized as an impairment to the reporting unit's goodwill. See Note 10. Goodwill for further discussion of the Company's annual impairment test results. During the annual testing performed as of October 1, 2021, the estimated fair value of each of the Company's reporting units was in excess of its respective carrying value.

We have acquired trade names that have been determined to have indefinite lives. We evaluate a number of factors to determine whether an indefinite life is appropriate, including the competitive environment, category share, business history, product life cycle and operating plans. Indefinite-lived intangibles are evaluated for impairment annually during the fourth quarter. Additionally, when certain events or changes in operating conditions occur, an impairment assessment is performed, and indefinite-lived trade names may be adjusted to a determinable life or an impairment charge may be recorded.

The cost of intangible assets with determinable useful lives is amortized to reflect the pattern of economic benefits consumed, which approximates a straight-line basis, over the estimated periods benefited. When certain events or changes in operating conditions occur, an impairment assessment is performed and lives of intangible assets with determinable lives may be adjusted. Estimated useful lives range from 15 to 23 years for customer relationships and 4 to 20 years for developed technology, patents, and other intangible assets.

The carrying value of long-lived assets is reviewed to determine if events or circumstances have changed which may indicate that the assets may be impaired, or the useful life may need to be changed. Upon occurrence of such a triggering event, the Company considers internal and external factors relating to each asset group, including expectation of future profitability, undiscounted cash flows and its plans with respect to the operations. If impairment is indicated, an impairment loss is measured by the amount the net carrying value of the asset exceeds its estimated fair value.

Environmental spending is capitalized if such spending qualifies as property, plant and equipment, substantially increases the economic value or extends the useful life of an asset. All other such spending is expensed as incurred, including fines and penalties incurred in connection with environmental violations. Environmental spending relating to an existing condition caused by past operations is expensed. Liabilities are accrued when environmental assessments are probable, and the costs can be reasonably estimated. Generally, timing of these accruals coincides with completion of a feasibility study or commitment to a formal plan of action.

The Company capitalizes certain purchases of software and software development costs in connection with major projects of software development for internal use. These costs are included in Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life not to exceed seven years. Costs associated with business process redesign, end-user training, system start-up and ongoing software maintenance are expensed as incurred. Amortization of capitalized software was $3.0 million, $2.1 million and $1.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Accumulated amortization of capitalized software costs was $58.9 million and $40.5 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. See Note 12. Other Assets for additional information.

Business tax credits represent value added tax credits receivable and similar assets, such as Imposto sobre Circulação de Mercadorias e Serviços, or ICMS, in Brazil. Business tax credits are generated when value-added taxes, or VAT, are paid on purchases. VAT and similar taxes are collected from customers on certain sales. In some jurisdictions, export sales do not require VAT collection. See Note 12. Other Assets for additional information.

Our income tax expense, deferred tax assets and liabilities, and liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits reflect management’s best estimate of current and future taxes to be paid. We operate and are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and numerous foreign jurisdictions. The complexity of our global structure requires technical expertise in determining the allocation of income to each of these jurisdictions and consolidated income tax expense.

The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in the financial statements. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined on the basis of the differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities by using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

The Company recognizes deferred tax assets to the extent that it believes that these assets are more likely than not to be realized. In making such a determination, all available positive and negative evidence is considered, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies, and results of recent operations. If it is determined that the Company would be able to realize the deferred tax assets in the future in excess of their net recorded amount, an adjustment would be made to the deferred tax asset valuation allowance, which would reduce the provision for income taxes.

The Company records uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC 740 on the basis of a two-step process in which (1) it is determined whether it is more likely than not that the tax positions will be sustained on the basis of the technical merits of the position and (2) for those tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold, the Company recognizes the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50 percent likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement with the related tax authority.

The Company recognizes the estimated compensation cost of employees' pension and other postretirement benefits over their approximate period of service. The Company's earnings are impacted by amounts of expense recorded related to these benefits, which primarily consist of U.S., U.K., and French pension benefits. Each year's recorded expenses are estimates based on actuarial calculations of the Company's accumulated and projected benefit obligations, or PBOs, for the Company's various plans.

Suspension of additional benefits for future service is considered a curtailment, and if material, necessitates a re-measurement of plan assets and PBO. As part of a re-measurement, the Company adjusts its discount rates and other actuarial assumptions, such as retirement, turnover and mortality table assumptions, as appropriate. See Note 18. Postretirement and Other Benefits for additional information.

Comprehensive income includes net income, as well as items charged and credited directly to stockholders' equity, which are excluded from net income. The Company has presented comprehensive income in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Reclassification adjustments of derivative instruments are presented in Net sales and Interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income. See Note 15. Derivatives for additional information. Amortization of accumulated pension and other post-employment benefit (OPEB) liabilities are included in the computation of net periodic pension and OPEB costs, which are more fully discussed in Note 18. Postretirement and Other Benefits.



	December 31,
	2021		2020
Accumulated pension and OPEB liability adjustments, net of income tax benefit of $8.9 million and $11.6 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively	$	(14.4)	$	(20.5)
Accumulated unrealized loss on derivative instruments, net of income tax benefit of $2.1 million and $2.8 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively	(1.9)		(13.1)
Accumulated unrealized foreign currency translation adjustments, net of income tax benefit of $9.5 million and $10.1 million at December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively	(102.7)		(78.3)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	$	(119.0)	$	(111.9)


	For the Years Ended December 31,
	2021						2020						2019


	Pre-tax		Tax		Net of Tax		Pre-tax		Tax		Net of Tax		Pre-tax		Tax		Net of Tax
Pension and OPEB liability adjustments	$	8.9	$	(2.8)	$	6.1	$	5.0	$	(1.2)	$	3.8	$	2.5	$	1.4	$	3.9
Derivative instrument adjustments	11.9		(0.7)		11.2		(10.8)		1.2		(9.6)		(2.9)		—		(2.9)
Unrealized foreign currency translation adjustments	(23.8)		(0.6)		(24.4)		11.5		5.0		16.5		(2.5)		3.4		0.9
Total	$	(3.0)	$	(4.1)	$	(7.1)	$	5.7	$	5.0	$	10.7	$	(2.9)	$	4.8	$	1.9

All of the Company's restricted stock grants, including those that have been earned in the case of performance-based shares and cliff-vesting grants that are not performance based, vest upon completion of a specified period of time, typically between two and four years. The fair value of each award is equal to the share price of the Company's stock on the date of the grant. This cost is recognized over the vesting period of the respective award. The Company records forfeitures of shares related to continued service requirements as they occur. A summary of outstanding restricted stock awards as of December 31, 2021, and 2020 is included in Note 19. Stockholders' Equity.

The Company's long-term incentive compensation program, or LTICP, for key employees includes an equity-based award component that is provided through the Long-term Incentive Plan, or LTIP, which the Company adopted in 2015 and which replaced its previous Restricted Stock Plan, or RSP. The objectives under the LTICP are established at the beginning of a performance cycle and are intended to focus management on longer-term strategic goals. The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors designates participants in the LTICP and LTIP and determines the equity-based award opportunity in the form of restricted stock for each performance cycle, which is generally measured on the basis of a one year performance period (the measurement period). The restricted shares are considered issued and outstanding when the number of shares becomes fixed, after the annual performance is determined, and such awards vest at the end of the performance year or some predetermined period thereafter. The Company recognizes compensation expense with an offsetting credit to additional paid-in-capital over the performance period based on the fair value of the award at the date of grant, with compensation expense being adjusted cumulatively based on the number of shares expected to be earned according to the level of achievement of performance goals.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes." The new standard simplifies income tax accounting requirements by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740, Income Taxes. The provisions of this ASU were adopted effective January 1, 2021, and did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, "Compensation—Retirement Benefits—Defined Benefit Plans—General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans." The new standard modifies the annual disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans and requires the amendments to be applied on a retrospective basis for all periods presented. The provisions of this ASU were adopted effective January 1, 2021. The required disclosure changes did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, "Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting." The new standard provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform and the anticipated discontinuance of the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") if certain criteria are met. The amendments in this ASU are effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020, through December 31, 2022. The Company does not currently have any contracts that have been changed to a new reference rate but will continue to evaluate the applicability and impact of the guidance.