EXHIBIT 23.1

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form S-8 of X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc.of our report dated March 21, 2024relating to the financial statements, which appears in X4 Pharmaceuticals, Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Boston, Massachusetts

October 4, 2024