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Section 2. Special Meetings. Special meetings of stockholders may be held at such time, place, if any, within or without the State of Delaware, as shall be stated in the notice of the meeting or in a duly executed waiver of notice thereof. Special meetings of the stockholders may be called only by the Chairperson of the Board or the President, and shall be called within ten days after receipt of the written request of the Board of Directors, pursuant to a resolution approved by a majority of the Whole Board (as defined below). Any such resolution shall be sent to the Chairperson of the Board or the President, and the Secretary of the corporation and shall state the purpose or purposes of the proposed meeting. Business transacted at any special meeting is limited to the purposes stated in the notice. For the purposes of these By-Laws, the term “Whole Board” is defined as the total number of Directors which the corporation would have if there were no vacancies.

Section 3. Notice. Notice of every annual or special meeting of the stockholders, stating the place, if any, date, time, means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and duly appointed proxies may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting, and, in the case of special meetings, the purpose or purposes, of such meeting, shall, unless otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, be given to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting not less than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting. All such notices shall be delivered in accordance with Delaware law. When a meeting is adjourned to another place, if any, date or time, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the place, if any, date, time and means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and duly appointed proxies may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken or are provided in any manner permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law ("DGCL”); provided, however, that if the adjournment is for more than 30 days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, notice of the place, if any, date, time and means of remote communications, if any, of the adjourned meeting shall be given in conformity herewith. At any adjourned meeting, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the original meeting.

Section 4. Stockholders List. The officer having charge of the stock ledger of the corporation shall make at least ten days before everyprepare, no later than the tenth day before each meeting of the stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting entitled to vote at such meeting arranged in alphabetical order, specifying the address of and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder for any purpose germane to the meeting for a period of ten days ending on the day before the meeting date (i) on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list is provided with the notice of meeting or (ii) during ordinary business hours at the principal place of business of the corporation.

of record of the corporation at the time the notice provided for in this Section 6 is delivered to the Secretary of the corporation, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 6. For business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of the corporation and any such proposed business must constitute a proper matter for stockholder action. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be delivered to or mailed to and received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation, not earlier than 120 calendar days and not later than the close of business 90 calendar days before the first anniversary date of the previous year’s annual meeting of stockholders. However, if the corporation did not hold an annual meeting the previous year, or if the date of the current year’s annual meeting has been changed by more than 30 days before or more than 70 days after the first anniversary date of the prior year’s annual meeting of stockholders, notice by the stockholder must be so delivered not earlier than the 120th calendar day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the 90th calendar day prior to such annual meeting or the 10th calendar day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made by the corporation. In no event shall the public announcement of an adjournment, recess or postponement of an annual meeting commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.

A stockholder’s notice to the Secretary shall set forth (A) as to each matter the stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting (i) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting and (ii) the text, if any, of any proposal or business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration and in the event that such business includes a proposal to amend these By-Laws, the language of the proposed amendment), and (B) as to the stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is being made, and any of their respective affiliates (within the meaning of Rule 12b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) (i) the name and address, as they appear on the corporation’s books, of the stockholder proposing such business, and the name and address of any beneficial owner and any of their respective affiliates; (ii) the class, series and number of shares of the corporation which are, directly or indirectly, owned of record, and/or beneficially owned by the stockholder, any beneficial owner and any of their respective affiliates; (iii) any material interest of the stockholder, any beneficial owner or any of their respective affiliates in such business; (iv) a description of all agreements, arrangements or understandings (including any derivative or short positions, profit interests, options, warrants, stock appreciation or similar rights, hedging transactions, derivatives and borrowed or loaned shares) that have been entered into as of the date of the submission of the stockholder notice by, or on behalf of, the stockholder, any beneficial owner and any of their respective affiliates, the effect or intent of which is to give such stockholder, beneficial owner or affiliate economic risk similar to ownership of shares of any class or series of capital stock of the corporation, mitigate loss, manage risk or benefit from share price change for, or maintain, increase or decrease the voting power of, each such stockholder, beneficial owner or affiliate; (v) a representation that the stockholder is a holder of record of stock of the corporation entitled to vote at such meeting and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to present the proposal specified in the notice; (vi) representation whether such stockholder, beneficial owner or any of their respective

affiliates intends or is part of a group which intends (a) to deliver a proxy statement and/or form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the corporation’s outstanding capital stock required to approve or adopt the proposal and/or (b) otherwise to solicit proxies or votes from stockholders in support of such proposal; (vii) a description in reasonable detail of all agreements, arrangements and understandings, written or oral and formal or informal, (a) between or among more than one of the stockholder, any beneficial owner or any of their respective affiliates or (b) between or among any of the stockholder, beneficial owner or any of their respective affiliates and any other person or entity (naming each such person or entity) in connection with or related to the proposal, including without limitation (1) any understanding, formal or informal, written or oral, that any stockholder, beneficial owner or any of their respective affiliates may have reached with any other stockholder of the corporation (including their names) with respect to how such stockholder will vote its shares in the corporation at any meeting of the corporation’s stockholders or take other action in support of or related to the proposal, or other action to be taken, by the stockholder, beneficial owner or any of their respective affiliates and (2) any agreements that would be required to be disclosed by the stockholder, beneficial owner, or any of their respective affiliates pursuant to Item 5 or Item 6 of a Schedule 13D that would be filed pursuant to the Exchange Act (including the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder), regardless of whether the requirement to file a Schedule 13D is applicable to such stockholder, beneficial owner, or affiliate; (viii) any other information relating to the stockholder, beneficial owner or any of their respective affiliates that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for the election of directors in a contested election pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder; (ix) a representation by the stockholder as to the accuracy of the information set forth in such notice; (x) a description of any proxy (other than a revocable proxy given in response to a public proxy solicitation made pursuant to, and in accordance with, the Exchange Act), agreement, arrangement, understanding or relationship pursuant to which such stockholder, beneficial owner or any of their respective affiliates have or share a right, directly or indirectly, to vote any shares of any class or series of capital stock of the corporation; (xi) a description of any rights to dividends or other distributions on the shares of any class or series of capital stock of the corporation, directly or indirectly, owned beneficially by such stockholder, beneficial owner or any of their respective affiliates that are separated or separable from the underlying shares of the corporation; and (xii) a description of any performance-related fees (other than an asset based fee) that such stockholder, beneficial owner or any of their respective affiliates, directly or indirectly, are entitled to based on any increase or decrease in the value of shares of any class or series of capital stock of the corporation or any interests described in clause (B)(iv). Notwithstanding anything in the these By-Laws to the contrary, no business (other than the nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors) shall be conducted at an annual meeting except in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 6 of Article II. (other than business brought properly under and in compliance with Rule 14a-8 of the Exchange Act, and such stockholder’s proposal has been included in a proxy statement that has been prepared by the corporation to solicit proxies for such annual meeting); provided, however, that the nomination of director candidates shall be conducted in accordance with the procedures set forth in Article III.

The presiding officer of an annual meeting (or, in advance of any such meeting, the Board of Directors or an authorized committee thereof) shall, if the facts warrant, determine that business was not properly brought in accordance with this Section 6 of Article II, and, if it shall be so determined, declare that any such business was not properly brought and shall not be transacted. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 6, unless otherwise required by law, if the stockholder (or a qualified representative of the stockholder) does not appear at the annual or special meeting of stockholders of the corporation to present the proposed business advanced by such stockholder, such proposed business shall not be transacted, notwithstanding that such proposal is set forth in the notice of meeting or other proxy materials and notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the corporation. For purposes of this Section 6 and Article III, to be considered a qualified representative of the stockholder, a person must be a duly authorized officer, manager or partner of such stockholder or must be authorized by a writing executed by such stockholder or an electronic transmission delivered by such stockholder to act for such stockholder as proxy at the meeting of stockholders and such person must produce such writing or electronic transmission, or a reliable reproduction of the writing or electronic transmission, at the meeting of stockholders.

A stockholder shall promptly update and supplement its notice of business proposed to be brought before a meeting, if necessary, so that the information provided and required to be provided in such notice pursuant to Section 6 of Article II shall be true, correct and complete in all material respects (including disclosure of all material facts necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading) (i) as of the record date for the meeting, (ii) as of the date that is ten business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment, recess, rescheduling or postponement thereof, and (iii) with respect to the representation required by Section 6(B)(vi) of this Article II, as of immediately prior to the meeting or any adjournment, recess, rescheduling or postponement thereof. Such update and supplement shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation not later than five business days after the record date for the meeting (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of the record date) and not later than seven business days prior to the date for the meeting, if practicable (or, if not practicable, on the first practicable date prior to the meeting), or any adjournment, recess, rescheduling or postponement thereof; it being understood that providing any such update and supplement shall not limit the corporation’s rights with respect to any deficiencies in any stockholder's notice, including, without limitation, any representation required herein, extend any applicable deadlines under these By-Laws or enable or be deemed to permit a stockholder who has previously submitted a stockholder's notice under these By-Laws to amend or update any proposal or to submit any new proposal, including by changing or adding nominees, matters, business and/or resolutions proposed to be brought before a meeting of stockholders.

Section 8. Voting. Except as otherwise provided by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation, each stockholder shall be entitled at every meeting of the stockholders to one vote for each share of stock having voting power standing in the name of such stockholder on the books of the corporation on the record date for the meeting and such votes may be cast either in person or by written proxy. Every proxy must be duly executed and filed with the Secretary of the corporation. A stockholder may revoke any proxy which is not irrevocable by attending the meeting and voting in person or by filing an instrument in writing revokingdelivering to the Secretary of the corporation a revocation of the proxy or another duly executeda new proxy bearing a later date with the Secretary of the corporation. The vote upon any question brought before a meeting of the stockholders may be by voice vote, unless otherwise required by these By-Laws or unless the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of all classes of stock entitled to vote thereon present in person or by proxy at such meeting shall so determine. Every vote taken by written ballot shall be counted by the inspectors of election. When a quorum is present at any meeting, the vote of the holders of a majority in voting power of the stock which has voting power present in person or represented by proxy and which has actually voted shall decide any question properly brought before such meeting, except the election or removal of Directors or as otherwise provided inunless a different or minimum vote is required by these By-Laws, the Certificate of Incorporation or a Preferred Stock Designation or by applicable law, applicable law, the rules or regulations of any stock exchange applicable to the corporation, or any law or regulation applicable to the corporation or its securities, in which case such different or minimum vote shall be the applicable vote on the matter. With respect to any election or questions required to be decided by any class of stock voting as a class, the vote of the holders of a majority in voting power of such class of stock present in person or by proxy and which actually voted shall decide any such election or question., unless a different or minimum vote is required by these By-Laws, the Certificate of Incorporation applicable law, the rules or regulations of any stock exchange applicable to the corporation, or any law or regulation applicable to the corporation or its securities, in which case such different or minimum vote shall be the applicable vote on the matter.

Section 9. Order of Business. Unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors prior to; Conduct of Meeting. The date and time of the opening and the closing of the polls for each matter upon which the stockholders will vote at a meeting shall be announced at the meeting, by the presiding officer of the meeting of stockholders shall determine the order of business and shall have the authority in his discretion to regulate the conduct of any such meeting, including, without limitation, by imposing restrictions on the persons (other than stockholders of the corporation or their duly appointed proxies) who may attend any such meeting of stockholders, by ascertaining whether any stockholder or his proxy may be excluded from any meeting of stockholders based upon any determination by the presiding officer, in his sole discretion, that any such person has unduly disrupted or is likely to disrupt the proceedings thereat, and by determining the circumstances in which any person may make a statement or ask questions at any meeting of stockholders.. The Board of Directors may adopt by resolution such rules and regulations for the conduct of the meeting of stockholders as it shall deem appropriate. Except to the extent inconsistent with such rules and regulations as adopted by the Board of Directors, the presiding officer of any meeting of stockholders shall have the right and authority to convene and (for any or no reason) to recess and/or adjourn the meeting, to prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and to do all such acts as, in the judgment of such presiding officer, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting. Such rules, regulations or procedures, whether adopted by the Board of Directors or prescribed by the presiding officer of the meeting, may include, without limitation, the following: (i) the establishment of an agenda or order of business for the meeting; (ii) rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of those present; (iii) limitations on attendance at or participation in the meeting to stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, their duly authorized and constituted proxies or such other persons as the presiding officer of the meeting shall determine; (iv) restrictions on entry to the meeting after the time fixed for the commencement thereof; (v) limitations on the time allotted for consideration of each agenda item and for questions and comments by participants; (vi) regulations for the opening and closing of the polls for balloting and matters which are to be voted on by ballot (if any); and (vii) procedures (if any) requiring attendees to provide the corporation advance notice of their intent to attend the meeting. The presiding officer at any meeting of stockholders, in addition to making any other determinations that may be appropriate to the conduct of the meeting, shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that a matter or business was not properly brought before the meeting and if such presiding officer should so determine, such presiding officer shall so declare to the meeting and any such matter or business not properly brought before the meeting shall not be transacted or considered. Unless and to the extent determined by the Board of Directors or the presiding officer at the meeting, meetings of stockholders shall not be required to be held in accordance with the rules of parliamentary procedure.

(a) by the Board of Directors or a committee appointed by the Board of Directors, (b) by any stockholder of the corporation who was a stockholder of record of the corporation at the time the notice provided for in this Section 1 is delivered to the Secretary of the corporation, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 1 or (c) by an Eligible Stockholder who complies with the request of Article X of these By-Laws (the “Noticing Stockholder”). For any nominations to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder pursuant to clause (b) of the first paragraph of this Section 1, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of the corporation. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive officers of the corporation not earlier than 120 calendar days and not later than the close of business 90 calendar days before the first anniversary date of the previous year’s annual meeting of stockholders. However, if the corporation did not hold an annual meeting the previous year, or if the date of the current year’s annual meeting has been changed by more than 30 days before or more than 70 days after the first anniversary date of the previous year’s annual meeting, notice by the stockholder must be so delivered not earlier than the 120th day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the 90th day prior to such annual meeting or the 10th day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made by the corporation. In no event shall the public announcement of an adjournment, recess or postponement of an annual meeting commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.

(A) as to each person whom the Noticing Stockholder proposes to nominate for election as a director of the corporation: (i) the name, age and address of such person; (ii) such person’s principal occupation or employment; (iii) the class, series and number of shares of the corporation that are, directly or indirectly, owned, beneficially or of record, by such person; (iv) a description of all arrangements or understandings between the Noticing Stockholder, any beneficial owner and/or any affiliate of such Noticing Stockholder or any beneficial owner thereof, on the one hand, and the nominee and any other person or persons (naming such person or persons), on the other hand, pursuant to which the nomination is to be made by the Noticing Stockholder; (v) such other information regarding each nominee proposed by such Noticing Stockholder as would be required to be included in a proxy statement filed pursuant to the proxy rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) had the nominee been nominated, or intended to be nominated, by the Board of Directors; (vi) the written consent of each nominee to being named as a nominee for director in the corporation’s proxy statement and other proxy materials relating to the election of directors and, if so elected, serve as a Director of the corporation; (vii) a questionnaire completed and signed by such person (in the form to be provided by the Secretary upon written request of any stockholder of record within five business days of such request) with respect to the background and qualification of such proposed nominee and the background of any other person or entity on whose behalf the nomination is being made; and (viii) a written representation and agreement that such proposed nominee (A) is not, and will not become, a party to: (1) any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person with respect to any direct or indirect compensation, reimbursement or indemnification of the nominee

in connection with being a nominee or with his or her service or action as a Director of the corporation that has not been fully disclosed in writing to the corporation prior to, or concurrently with, the stockholder’s submission of the notice required by this Section 1; (2) any Voting Commitment (as defined in Article X) as to how such nominee, if elected, will vote or act on any issue except such as is already existing and has been fully disclosed to the corporation prior to or concurrently with the stockholder’s submission of the notice required by this Section 1; or (3) any Voting Commitment that could limit or interfere with such nominee’s ability to comply, if elected, with his or her fiduciary duties under applicable law and (B) would be in compliance with all of the corporation’s corporate governance, conflict of interest, confidentiality, and stock ownership and trading policies and guidelines, and any other corporation policies and guidelines (including any successor policies or guidelines) applicable to Directors; and

(B) as to the Noticing Stockholder, any beneficial owner on whose behalf the notice is given, and any affiliate (i) the name and address of the Noticing Stockholder (including the name and address that appear on the corporation’s books and records), of any beneficial owner or beneficial owners on whose behalf the notice is given and of any affiliate of the Noticing Stockholder or any such beneficial owner (collectively with the Noticing Stockholder, the “Proposing Persons” and each a “Proposing Person”); (ii) the class, series and number of shares of the corporation which are, directly or indirectly, owned, beneficially or of record, by the Noticing Stockholder and any other Proposing Person; (iii) a description of all agreements, arrangements or understandings (including any derivative or short positions, profit interests, options, warrants, stock appreciation or similar rights, hedging transactions, derivatives and borrowed or loaned shares) that have been entered into as of the date of the submission of the stockholder notice by, or on behalf of, each Proposing Person, the effect or intent of which is to give such Proposing Person economic risk similar to ownership of shares of any class or series of capital stock of the corporation, mitigate loss, manage risk or benefit from share price change for, or maintain, increase or decrease the voting power of, each such Proposing Person; (iv) a representation that the Noticing Stockholder is a holder of record of stock of the corporation entitled to vote at such meeting and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to nominate the person or persons specified in the notice; (v) a representation that any Proposing Person intends to or is part of a group that intends to (a) deliver a proxy statement and/or form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the corporation’s outstanding capital stock required to elect the nominee, (b) otherwise to solicit proxies or votes from stockholders in support of such nomination, and/or (c) to solicit proxies in support of any proposed nominee in accordance with Rule 14a-19 under the Exchange Act; (vi) a description of any agreement, arrangement or understanding with respect to the nomination or proposal between or among any Proposing Person, and any other person, including, in the case of a nomination, the nominee, including any agreements, arrangements or understandings relating to any compensation or payments to be paid to any such proposed nominee(s), pertaining to the nomination(s) or other business proposed to be brought before the meeting of stockholders (which description shall identify the name of each other person who is party to such an agreement, arrangement or understanding); (vii) a description in reasonable detail of all agreements, arrangements and understandings, written or oral and formal or informal, (a) between or among more than one Proposing Persons or (b) between or among any Proposing Person and any other person or entity (naming each such

person or entity) in connection with or related to the nomination, including without limitation (1) any understanding, formal or informal, written or oral, that any Proposing Person may have reached with any stockholder of the corporation (including their names) with respect to how such stockholder will vote its shares in the corporation at any meeting of the corporation’s stockholders or take other action in support of or related to the nomination or any business proposed, or other action to be taken, by the Proposing Person, (2) any agreements that would be required to be disclosed by any Proposing Person pursuant to Item 5 or Item 6 of a Schedule 13D that would be filed pursuant to the Exchange Act (including the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder), regardless of whether the requirement to file a Schedule 13D is applicable to the Proposing Person and (3) any agreements, arrangements or understandings relating to any compensation or payments to be paid to any such proposed nominee(s), pertaining to the nomination (which description shall identify the name of each other person who is party to such an agreement, arrangement or understanding); (viii) any other information relating to a Proposing Person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for the election of directors in a contested election pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder; (ix) a representation by the Noticing Stockholder as to the accuracy of the information set forth in such notice; (x) a description of any proxy (other than a revocable proxy given in response to a public proxy solicitation made pursuant to, and in accordance with, the Exchange Act), agreement, arrangement, understanding or relationship pursuant to which any Proposing Person has or shares a right, directly or indirectly, to vote any shares of any class or series of capital stock of the corporation; (xi) a description of any rights to dividends or other distributions on the shares of any class or series of capital stock of the corporation, directly or indirectly, owned beneficially by any Proposing Person that are separated or separable from the underlying shares of the corporation; and (xii) a description of any performance-related fees (other than an asset based fee) that any Proposing Person, directly or indirectly, is entitled to based on any increase or decrease in the value of shares of any class or series of capital stock of the corporation or any interests described in clause (B)(iii).

Notwithstanding anything in the third sentence of the first paragraph of this Section 1 to the contrary, in the event that the number of directors to be elected to the Board of Directors of the corporation at the annual meeting is increased effective after the time period for which nominations would otherwise be due under the first paragraph of this Section 1 and there is no public announcement by the corporation naming the nominees for the additional directorships at least one hundred days prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting, a stockholder’s notice required by this Section 1 shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for the additional directorships, if it shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation not later than the close of business on the tenth

Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors may be made at a special meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected pursuant to the corporation’s notice of meeting (1) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or any authorized committee thereof or (2) provided that the Board of Directors has determined that directors shall be elected at such meeting, by any stockholder of the corporation who is a stockholder of record at the time the notice provided for in this Section 1 is delivered to the Secretary of the corporation, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and upon such election and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 1. In the event a special meeting of stockholders is duly called for the purpose of electing one or more directors to the Board of Directors, any such stockholder entitled to vote in such election of directors may nominate a person or persons (as the case may be) for election to such position(s) as specified in the corporation’s notice of meeting, if the stockholder’s notice required by this Section 1 shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation not earlier than the 120th day prior to such special meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the 90th day prior to such special meeting or the 10th day following the day on which the corporation first makes a public announcement of the date of the special meeting at which directors are to be elected. In no event shall the public announcement of an adjournment, recess or postponement of a special meeting commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.

A Noticing Stockholder shall promptly update and supplement its notice of any nomination proposed to be brought before a meeting, if necessary, so that the information provided and required to be provided in such notice pursuant to this Section 1 of Article III shall be true, correct and complete in all material respects (including disclosure of all material facts necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading) (i) as of the record date for the meeting, (ii) as of the date that is ten business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment, recess, rescheduling or postponement thereof and (iii) with respect to the representation required by Section 1(B)(v) of this Article III, as of immediately prior to the meeting or any adjournment, recess, rescheduling or postponement thereof. Such update and supplement shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation not later than five business days after the record date for the meeting (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of the record date) and not later than seven business days prior to the date for the meeting, if practicable (or, if not practicable, on the first practicable date prior to the meeting), or any adjournment, recess, rescheduling or postponement thereof; it being understood that providing any such update and supplement shall not limit the corporation’s rights with respect to any deficiencies in any stockholder's notice, including, without limitation, any representation required herein, extend any applicable deadlines under these By-Laws or enable or be deemed to permit a stockholder who has previously submitted a stockholder's notice under these By-Laws to amend or update any proposal or to submit any new proposal, including by changing or adding nominees, matters, business and/or resolutions proposed to be brought before a meeting of stockholders.

Notwithstanding anything contrary in these By-Laws, unless otherwise required by applicable law, if any Proposing Person (i) provides notice pursuant to Rule 14a-19(b) promulgated under the Exchange Act with respect to any proposed nominee and (ii) subsequently fails to comply with the requirements of Rule 14a-19(a)(2) or Rule 14a-19(a)(3) promulgated under the Exchange Act (or fails to timely provide documentation reasonably satisfactory to the corporation that such Proposing Person has met the requirements of Rule 14a-19(a)(3) promulgated under the Exchange Act in the following sentence), then the nomination of such proposed nominee shall be disregarded and no vote on such nominee proposed by such Noticing Stockholder shall occur, notwithstanding that the nomination is set forth in the notice of meeting or other proxy materials and notwithstanding that proxies or votes in respect of such proposed nominee may have been received by the corporation (which proxies and votes shall be disregarded). If any Proposing Person provides notice pursuant to Rule 14a-19(b) promulgated under the Exchange Act, such stockholder shall deliver to the corporation, not later than five business days prior to the applicable meeting, documentation reasonably satisfactory to the corporation demonstrating that it or such other Proposing Person has met the requirements of Rule 14a-19(a)(3) promulgated under the Exchange Act.

Section 2. Substitution of Nominees. If a person is validly designated as a nominee in accordance with Section 1 of this Article III, and shall thereafter become unable or unwilling to stand for election to the Board of Directors, the Board of Directors or the stockholder who proposed such nominee, as the case may be, may designate a substitute nominee upon prompt delivery, and in any event not fewer than five days prior to the date of the meeting for the election of such nominee, of a written notice to the Secretary setting forth such information regarding such substitute nominee as would have been required to be delivered to the Secretary pursuant to Section 1 of this Article III, had such substitute nominee been initially proposed as a nominee; provided, however, that any such substitute nominee will only be eligible to stand for election if (i) he or she was identified as an alternate nominee in the stockholder notice contemplated in Section 1 of this Article III and (ii) such substitution would not violate the DGCL, SEC regulations or other laws, rules or regulations applicable to the corporation; provided, further, that if the date of such meeting has been publicly disclosed prior to the requested substitution, such substitution may not, without the consent of the Board of Directors, be made unless it can be made in accordance with applicable requirements of the SEC without any resulting delay in the scheduled meeting, unless such substitution is required by the DGCL, SEC regulations or other laws, rules or regulations applicable to the corporation. Such notice

Section 3. Compliance with Procedures. If the presiding officer of the meeting for the election of Directors (or, in advance of any meeting of stockholders, the Board of Directors or an authorized committee thereof) determines that a nomination for any candidate for election as a Director at such meeting was not made in accordance with the applicable provisions of these By-Laws, it shall be so declared and such person will not be eligible for election as a Director and such nomination shall be disregarded. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Article III, unless otherwise required by law, if the stockholder (or a qualified representative of the stockholder) does not appear at the annual or special meeting of stockholders of the corporation to present a nomination advanced by such stockholder, such nomination shall be disregarded, notwithstanding that such nomination is set forth in the notice of meeting or other proxy materials and notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the corporation.

Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Article III, a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Article III; provided however, that any references in these By-Laws to the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder are not intended to and shall not limit any requirements applicable to nominations to be considered pursuant to this Article III. Compliance with this Article III or Article X shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to make nominations at a meeting of stockholders. Nothing in this Article III shall be deemed to affect any rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock to elect directors pursuant to any applicable provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation.

Section 2. Number, Qualification, Election and Terms. Except as otherwise fixed by, or pursuant to, the provisions of Article FOURTH of the Certificate of Incorporation relating to the rights of the holders of any class or series of stock having a preference over the Common Stock as to dividends or upon liquidation to elect additional Directors under specified circumstances, the number of Directors shall be fixed from time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors, but shall not be less than three nor more than twenty persons. Except as otherwise required by law, each nominee for director shall be elected to the Board of Directors by the affirmative vote of the majority of votes cast, in person or by proxy, by the holders of shares entitled to vote at a meeting at which a quorum is present; provided, however, that if the number of nominees exceeds the number of directors to be elected at any such meeting, as determined by the Secretary of the corporation as of the record date for such meeting, the directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes cast, in person or by proxy. For purposes of this Section 2, a majority of the votes cast means that the number of shares voted “for” exceeds fifty percent (50%) of the number of votes cast with respect to such nominee. In the event that a director nominee fails to receive an affirmative majority of the votes cast in an election where the number of nominees is less than or equal to the number of directors to be elected, the Board of Directors, within its powers, may decrease the number of directors, fill the vacancy, or take other appropriate action. An abstention will not count as a vote cast with respect to a director. If directors are to be elected by a plurality of the votes cast, stockholders shall not be permitted to vote against a nominee.

If an incumbent director who is nominated for re-election to the Board of Directors does not receive sufficient “for” votes to be elected in accordance with this By-Law, the incumbent director shall promptly tender his or her resignation to the Board of Directors. The Nominating and Governance Committee shall make a recommendation to the Board of Directors as to whether to accept or reject the tendered resignation, or whether other action should be taken. The Board of Directors shall act on the tendered resignation, taking into account the Nominating and Governance Committee’s recommendation, and publicly disclose (by a press release, a filing with the SEC or other broadly disseminated means of communication) its decision regarding the tendered resignation within 90 days from the date of the certification of the election results. The Nominating and Governance Committee in making its recommendation, and the Board of Directors in making its decision, may each consider any factors or other information that it considers appropriate and relevant. The director who tenders his or her resignation shall not participate in the recommendation of the Nominating and Governance Committee or the decision of the Board of Directors with respect to the director’s resignation. If such incumbent director’s resignation is not accepted by the Board of Directors, such director shall continue to serve until the next annual meeting and until the director’s successor is duly elected, or the director’s earlier resignation or removal. If a director’s resignation is accepted by the Board of Directors pursuant to this By-Law, or if a nominee for director is not elected and the nominee is not an incumbent director, then the Board of Directors, in its sole discretion, may fill any resulting vacancy pursuant to the provisions of Section 4 of Article IV of these By-Laws or may decrease the size of the Board of Directors pursuant to the provisions of Section 2 of Article IV of these By-Laws.

Section 4. Vacancies and New Directorships. Except as otherwise fixed by or provided for or pursuant to the provisions of Article FOURTH of the Certificate of Incorporation relating to the rights of the holders of any class or series of stock having a preference over the Common Stock as to dividends or upon liquidation to elect additional Directors under specified circumstances, vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of Directors shall be filled solely by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Directors then in office though less than quorum, or by a sole remaining Director, except as may be required by law. Any Director so chosen shall hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until such Director’s successor shall have been elected and qualified. No decrease in the authorized number of Directors constituting the Board of Directors shall shorten the term of any incumbent Director.

Section 8. Quorum. Subject to Section 4 of this Article IV and exceptExcept as provided by law or the Certificate of Incorporation, at all meetings of Directors, a majority of the total number of Directors then in office but no less than one-third of the total authorized number of directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. Except for the designation of committees (as provided in Section 9 of this Article IV), the vote of a majority of Directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of Directors. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the Board of Directors, a majority of the Directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time to another place, time or date, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present.

corporation and may authorize the seal of the corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it, except as otherwise limited by statute. The Board of Directors may designate one or more Directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of the committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not he, she or they constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in place of any such absent or disqualified member. Such committee or committees shall have such name or names as may be determined from time to time by resolution adopted by the Board of Directors. Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings and report the same to the Directors when required. Each committee of the Board of Directors may fix its own rules of procedure and shall hold its meetings as provided by such rules, except as may otherwise be provided by the resolution of the Board of Directors designating such committee, and unless otherwise prescribed by the Board of Directors, the presence of at least a majority of the members of such committee shall be necessary to constitute a quorum.

Section 6. The Chief Executive Officer. The Chief Executive Officer, if any, in the absence or disability of the ChairmanChairperson of the Board, shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders; shall have general and active management of the business of the corporation; and shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board of Directors are carried into effect. The Chief Executive Officer shall execute bonds, mortgages, and other contracts requiring a seal, under the seal of the corporation, except where required or permitted by law to be otherwise signed and executed and except where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board of Directors to some other officer or agent of the corporation. In the absence of the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the ChairmanChairperson of the Board or another officer of the Corporationcorporation, as designated by the Board of Directors, shall have the powers of the Chief Executive Officer.

Section 7. The President and Vice-Presidents. The President shall act in an executive capacity as shall be directed from time to time by the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer, and shall have such powers and perform such other duties as the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer may determine from time to time, (which may include, without limitation, assisting the Chief Executive Officer in the operation and administration of the corporation’s business and the supervision of its policies and affairs), with such limitations on such powers or performance of duties as either of the foregoing shall prescribe. The Vice-President, or if there shall be more than one, the Vice-Presidents in the order determined by the Board of Directors, shall, in the absence or disability of the President, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the President and shall perform such other duties and have such powers as the Board of Directors may, from time to time, determine or these By-Laws may prescribe.

Section 9. The Secretary and Assistant Secretaries. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the Board of Directors and all meetings of the stockholders and record all the proceedings of the meetings of the corporation anand of the Board of Directors in a book to be kept for that purpose and shall perform like duties for the standing committees when required. The Secretary shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders and special meetings of the Board of Directors; perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or Chief Executive Officer, or, if there is no Chief Executive Officer, the President, under whose supervision he or she shall be; shall have custody of the corporate seal of the corporation and the Secretary, or an Assistant Secretary, shall have authority to affix the same to any instrument requiring it and when so affixed, it may be attested by his or her signature or by the signature of such Assistant Secretary. The Board of Directors may give general authority to any other officer to affix the seal of the corporation and to attest the affixing by his or her signature. The Assistant Secretary, or if there be more than one, the Assistant Secretaries in the order determined by the Board of Directors, shall, in the absence or disability of the Secretary, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Secretary and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe.

Section 10. The Treasurer and Assistant Treasurer. The Treasurer shall have the custody of the corporate funds and securities; shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the corporation; shall deposit all monies and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the corporation as may be ordered by the Board of Directors, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements; and shall render to the Chief Executive Officer, or, if there is no Chief Executive Officer, the President and the Board of Directors, at its regular meetings, or when the Board of Directors so requires, an account of the corporation. If required by the Board of Directors, the Treasurer shall give the corporation a bond (which shall be rendered every six years) in such sums and with such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the Board of Directors for the faithful performance of the duties of the office of treasurer and for the restoration to the corporation, in case of death, resignation, retirement, or removal from office, of all books, papers, vouchers, money, and other property of whatever kind in the possession or under the control of the Treasurer belonging to the corporation. The Assistant Treasurer, or if there shall be more than one, the Assistant Treasurers in the order determined by the Board of Directors, shall in the absence or disability of the Treasurer, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Treasurer and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe.

Section 1. The corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party, his or her heirs, executors or administrators, to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation) by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director, officer, employee or other agent of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as director, officer, employee or other agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him or her in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if he or she acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interest of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement, conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a manner which he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interest of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful.

Section 2. The corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party, his or her heirs, executors or administrators, to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that he or she is or was an officer of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as director or officer of another corporation, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by him or her in connection with defense or settlement of such action or suit if he or she acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interest of the corporation and except that no indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been adjudged to be liable to the corporation unless and only to the extent that the court in which such action or suit was brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification for such expenses which the court shall deem proper.

Section 4. Any indemnification under Sections 1 and 2 of this Article VI (unless ordered by a court) shall be made by the corporation only as authorized in the specific case upon a determination that indemnification of the officer or person serving at the request of the corporation as a director or officer of another corporation is proper in the circumstances because he or she has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in Sections 1 and 2 of this Article VI. Such determination shall be made (1) by the Board of Directors by a majority vote of a quorum consisting of Directors who were not parties to such action, suit or proceeding, or (2) if such a quorum is not obtainable, or, even if obtainable a quorum of disinterested Directors so directs, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion, or (3) by the stockholders.

Section 1. Form. The shares of the corporation shall be represented by certificates, provided that the Board of Directors may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or series of stock shall be uncertificated shares. Any such resolution shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the corporation. Every holder of stock in the corporation represented by certificates shall be entitled to have a certificate, signed by, or in the name of the corporation by, (1) two authorized officers of the corporation (it being understood that each of the President or, a Vice-President and (2), the Treasurer or, an Assistant Treasurer, or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the corporation shall be an authorized officer for such purpose), certifying the number of shares owned by him or her in the corporation. Where a certificate is signed (1) by a transfer agent or an assistant transfer agent other than the corporation or its employee or (2) by a registrar, other than the corporation or its employee, the signature of any such President, Vice-President, Treasurer, Assistant Treasurer, Secretary, or Assistant SecretaryAny or all signatures on the certificate may be facsimile. In case any officer or officers, transfer agent or registrar who have signed, or whose facsimile signature or signatures have been used on, any such certificate or certificates shall cease to be such officer or, transfer agent or registrar or officers of the corporation whether because of death, resignation or otherwise before such certificate or certificates have been delivered by the corporation, such certificate or certificates may nevertheless be issued and delivered as though the person or persons who signed such certificate or certificates or whose facsimile signature or signatures have been used thereon had not ceased to be such officer or officers of the corporation, transfer agent or registrar.

Section 3. Fixing a Record Date. Except as otherwise provided by law or the Certificate of IncorporationIn order that the corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of any meeting of stockholders or adjournment thereof, the Board of Directors may fix in advance a datea record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall, unless otherwise required by law, not more than sixty nor less than ten days preceding the date of any meeting of stockholders, or the date for the payment of any dividend, or the date for the allotment of rights, or the date when any change or conversion or exchange of capital stock shall go into effect, or a date in connection with obtaining any consent, as a record date for the determination of the stockholders entitled to notice of, and to vote at, any such meeting, and any adjournment thereof, or entitled to receive payment of any such dividend, or to any such allotment of rights, or to exercise the rights in respect to any such change, conversion, or exchange of capital stock, or to give such consent, and in such case such stockholders and only such stockholders as shall be stockholders of record on the date so fixed shall be entitled to such notice of, and to vote at, such meeting and any adjournment thereof, or to receive payment of such dividend, or to receive such allotment of rights, or to exercise such rights, or to give such consent, as the case may be notwithstanding any transfer of any stock on the books of the corporation after any such record date fixed as aforesaid. If no record date is fixed by the Board of Directors, the timerecord date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. The time for determining stockholders for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the date on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto. A determination of stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.

Section 1. Dividends. Dividends upon the capital stock of the corporation, subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, if any, may be declared by the Board of Directors at any regular or special meeting, pursuant to law. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property, or in shares of the capital stock, subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation. Before payment of any dividend, there may be set aside out of any funds of the corporation available for dividends such sum or sums as the Directors from time to time, in their absolute discretion, think proper as a reserve or reserves to meet contingencies, or for equalizing dividends, or for repairing or maintaining any property of the corporation, or for such other purpose as the Directors shall think in the best interest of the corporation, and the Directors may modify or abolish any such reserve in the manner in which it was created.

Section 6. Conflict of Interest. No contract or transaction between the corporation and one or more of its Directors or officers, or between the corporation and any other corporation, partnership, association, or other organization in which one or more of its Directors or officers are directors or officers, or have a financial interest, shall be void or voidable solely for this reason, or solely because the Director or officer is present at or participates in the meeting of the board of or committee thereof which authorized the contract or transaction, or solely because the votes of the Director or officer are counted for such purpose, provided that the material facts as to the relationship or interest of the Director or officer and as to the contract or transaction are disclosed or are known to the Board of Directors or the committee and the Board of Directors or

Section 1. Inclusion of StockholderProxy Access Nominees in Corporation’s Proxy Statement. Notwithstanding Article III hereof, this Article X shall apply solely for the purpose of stockholders of the corporation who propose to include director nominees, other than nominees pursuant to Rule 14a-19 under the Exchange Act and Section 1 of Article III hereof, for the election of Directors in the corporation’s proxy statement, form of proxy and ballot for an annual meeting of stockholders. Any proposal of a stockholder or stockholdersNominating Stockholder (as defined below) of the corporation that proposes to include in the corporation’s proxy materials for any annual meeting of stockholders a person or persons for election as Director or Directors pursuant to this Article X (each such nominee, a “Proxy Access Nominee”) shall be required to comply with the proxy access procedures as set forth in this Article X. Subject to the provisions of this Article X, if expressly requested in the relevant Nomination Notice (as defined below), the corporation shall include in its proxy statement (and on the corporation’s form of proxy and ballot) for any annual meeting of stockholders (but not at any special meeting of stockholders) in addition to any persons nominated for election by the Board of Directors or any committee thereof: (A) the names of any person or persons thereinProxy Access Nominee nominated for the election of Directors (each, a “Stockholder Nominee”) by any Eligible Stockholder (as defined below) or group of up to 20 Eligible Stockholders that, as determined by the Board of Directors, has (individually and collectively, in the case of a group) satisfied all applicable conditions and complied with all applicable procedures and requirements set forth in this Article X (such Eligible Stockholder or group of Eligible Stockholders being a “Nominating Stockholder”); (B) with respect to the proxy statement only, disclosure about each StockholderProxy Access Nominee and the Nominating Stockholder required under the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) or other applicable law to be included in

the proxy statement; (C) with respect to the proxy statement only, any statement included by the Nominating Stockholder in the Nomination Notice for inclusion in the proxy statement in support of each StockholderProxy Access Nominee’s election to the Board of Directors (subject, without limitation, to Section 5(ii) of this Article X, and provided that each such statement per StockholderProxy Access Nominee does not exceed 500 words and fully complies with Section 14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), including Rule 14a-9 thereunder (the “Supporting Statement”)); and (D) with respect to the proxy statement only, any other information that the corporation or the Board of Directors determines, in their discretion, to include in the proxy statement relating to the Nominating Stockholder and the nomination of each StockholderProxy Access Nominee, including, without limitation, any statement in opposition to the nomination, any of the information provided pursuant to this Article X and any solicitation materials or related information with respect to a StockholderProxy Access Nominee.

Section 2. Maximum Number of StockholderProxy Access Nominees. The corporation shall not be required to include in theits proxy statementmaterials for an annual meeting of stockholders more StockholderProxy Access Nominees than that number constituting the greater of (A) two or (B) 20% of the total number of Directors of the corporation then serving on the last day on which a Nomination Notice may be submitted pursuant to this Article X (rounded down to the nearest whole number) (the “Maximum Number”). The Maximum Number for a particular annual meeting shall be reduced by: (A) each StockholderProxy Access Nominee whose nomination is withdrawn by the Nominating Stockholder or who becomes unwilling to serve on the Board of Directors; (B) each StockholderProxy Access Nominee who ceases to satisfy, or each StockholderProxy Access Nominee of a Nominating Stockholder that ceases to satisfy, the eligibility requirements in this Article X, as determined by the Board of Directors; (C) each StockholderProxy Access Nominee who the Board of Directors itself decides to nominate for election at such annual meeting; (D) the number of incumbent Directors who had been Stockholderwere Proxy Access Nominees at either of the preceding two annual meetings of stockholders and whose reelection at the upcoming annual meeting of stockholders is being recommended by the Board of Directors; (E) the number of nominees for Director for which the corporation shall have received one or more valid stockholder notices (whether or not subsequently withdrawn) nominating such nominees pursuant to Section 1 of Article III of these By-Laws, but only to the extent the Maximum Number after such reduction with respect to this clause (E) equals or exceeds one; and (F) the number of incumbent Directors or nominees for Director that in either case will be included in the corporation’s proxy materials with respect to such annual meeting as an unopposed (by the corporation) nominee pursuant to any agreement, arrangement, or other understanding with any stockholder or group of stockholders (other than any such agreement, arrangement or understanding entered into in connection with an acquisition of voting stock, by such stockholders or group of stockholders, from the corporation), but only to the extent the Maximum Number after such reduction with respect to this clause (F) equals or exceeds one. In the event that one or more vacancies for any reason occurs on the Board of Directors after the deadline for submitting a Nomination Notice as set forth in Section 4 of this Article X but before the date of the annual meeting of stockholders and the Board of Directors resolves to reduce the size of the Board of Directors in connection therewith, the Maximum Number shall be calculated based on the number of Directors in office as so reduced.

If the number of StockholderProxy Access Nominees pursuant to this Article X for any annual meeting of stockholders exceeds the Maximum Number then, promptly upon notice from the corporation, each Nominating Stockholder will select one StockholderProxy Access Nominee for inclusion in the proxy statement until the Maximum Number is reached, going in order of the amount (largest to smallest) of shares of the corporation’s common stock that each Nominating Stockholder disclosed as owned in its Nomination Notice, with the process repeated if the Maximum Number is not reached after each Nominating Stockholder has selected one StockholderProxy Access Nominee. If, after the deadline for submitting a Nomination Notice as set forth below in Section 4 of this Article X, a Nominating Stockholder or a StockholderProxy Access Nominee ceases to satisfy the eligibility requirements in this Section 23 of this Article X, as determined by the Board of Directors, a Nominating Stockholder withdraws its nomination or a StockholderProxy Access Nominee becomes unwilling to serve on the Board of Directors, whether before or after the mailing or other distribution of the definitive proxy statement, then the corporation: (A) shall not be required to include in its proxy statement or on any ballot or form of proxy the StockholderProxy Access Nominee or any successor or replacement StockholderProxy Access Nominee proposed by the Nominating Stockholder or by any other Nominating Stockholder and (B) may otherwise communicate to the stockholders of the corporation, including without limitation by amending or supplementing its proxy statement or ballot or form of proxy, that the StockholderProxy Access Nominee will not be included as a StockholderProxy Access Nominee in the proxy statement or on any ballot or form of proxy and will not be voted on at the annual meeting of stockholders (notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the corporation).

(ii) An Eligible Stockholder or group of up to 20 Eligible Stockholders may submit a nomination in accordance with this Article X only if the person or group (in the aggregate) has continuously owned at least the Minimum Number (as defined below) (as adjusted for any stock splits, reverse stock splits, stock dividends or similar events) of shares of the corporation’s common stock throughout the three-year period preceding and including the date of submission of the Nomination Notice, and continues to own at least the Minimum Number of shares through the date of the annual meeting of stockholders. The following shall be treated as one Eligible Stockholder if such Eligible Stockholder shall provide together with the Nomination Notice documentation satisfactory to the Board of Directors that the Eligible Stockholder consists only of funds that are: (A) under common management and investment control; (B) under common management and funded primarily by the same employer; or (C) a “group of investment companies” (as defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended). In the event of a

nomination by a Nominating Stockholder under this Article X that includes a group of Eligible Stockholders, any and all requirements and obligations for an Eligible Stockholder shall apply to each Eligible Stockholder in such group; provided, however, that the Minimum Number shall apply to the aggregate ownership of the group of Eligible Stockholders constituting the Nominating Stockholder. Should any Eligible Stockholder cease to satisfy the eligibility requirements in this Article X, as determined by the Board of Directors, or withdraw from a group of Eligible Stockholders constituting a Nominating Stockholder at any time prior to the annual meeting of stockholders, the Nominating Stockholder shall be deemed to own only the shares held by the remaining Eligible Stockholders. As used in this Article X, any reference to a “group” or “group of Eligible Stockholders” refers to any Nominating Stockholder that consists of more than one Eligible Stockholder and to all the Eligible Stockholders that make up such Nominating Stockholder.

(iv) For purposes of this Section 3 of Article X, an Eligible Stockholder “owns” only those outstanding shares of the corporation’s common stock as to which such Eligible Stockholder possesses both: (A) the full voting and investment rights pertaining to such shares and (B) the full economic interest in (including the opportunity for profit from and the risk of loss on) such shares; provided that the number of shares calculated in accordance with clauses (A) and (B) shall not include any shares: (w) purchased or sold by such Eligible Stockholder or any of its affiliates in any transaction that has not been settled or closed, (x) that are subject to short positions or were otherwise sold short by such Eligible Stockholder or any of its affiliates, (y) borrowed by such Eligible Stockholder or any of its affiliates for any purpose or purchased by such Eligible Stockholder or any of its affiliates pursuant to an agreement to resell or subject to any other obligation to resell to another person, or (z) subject to any option, warrant, forward contract, swap, contract of sale, other derivative or similar agreement entered into by such Eligible Stockholder or any of its affiliates, whether any such instrument or agreement is to be settled with shares, with cash based on the notional amount or value of outstanding shares of common stock of the corporation or a combination thereof, in any such case, which instrument or agreement has, or is intended to have, or if exercised or settled would have, the purpose or effect of: (1) reducing in any manner, to any extent or at any time in the future, such Eligible Stockholder’s or any of its affiliates’ full right to vote or direct the voting of any such shares and/or (2) hedging, offsetting or altering to any degree any gain or loss arising from the full economic interest in such shares by such Eligible Stockholder or any of its affiliates. An Eligible Stockholder “owns” shares held in the name of a nominee or other intermediary so long as the Eligible Stockholder retains the right to instruct how the shares are voted with respect to the election of Directors and possesses the full economic interest in the shares. An Eligible Stockholder’s ownership of shares shall be deemed to continue during any period in which the Eligible Stockholder has delegated any voting power by means of a proxy, power of attorney or other similar instrument or arrangement that is revocable at any time by the Eligible Stockholder. An Eligible Stockholder’s ownership of shares shall be deemed to continue during any period in

Section 4. Nomination Notice. To nominate a StockholderProxy Access Nominee pursuant to this Article X, the Nominating Stockholder (including each Eligible Stockholder in the case of a Nominating Stockholder consisting of a group of Eligible Stockholders) must deliver to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation all of the following information and documents in a form that the Board of Directors determines acceptable (collectively, the “Nomination Notice”), not less than 120 days nor more than 150 days prior to the anniversary of the date that the corporation first mailed or otherwise distributed its proxy statement for the prior year’s annual meeting of stockholders; provided, however, that if (and only if) the annual meeting of stockholders is not scheduled to be held within a period that commences 30 days before and concludes 30 days after the first anniversary date of the preceding year’s annual meeting of stockholders (an annual meeting date outside such period being referred to herein as an “Other Meeting Date”), the Nomination Notice shall be given in the manner provided herein by the later of the close of business on the date that is 180 days prior to such Other Meeting Date or tenth day following the date such Other Meeting Date is first publicly announced or disclosed (but in no event shall the adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting, or the public announcement thereof, commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the giving of the Nomination Notice):

(E) a written notice, in a form deemed satisfactory by the Board of Directors, of the nomination of each StockholderProxy Access Nominee that includes the following additional information, agreements, representations and warranties by the Nominating Stockholder: (1) the information that would be required to be set forth in a stockholder’s notice of nomination pursuant to Section 1 of Article III of these By-Laws other than information required by Rule 14a-19 under the Exchange Act; (2) a representation and warranty that the Nominating Stockholder acquired the securities of the corporation in the ordinary course of business and did not acquire, and is not holding, the securities of the corporation for the purpose or with the intent of changing or influencing control of the corporation; (3) a representation and warranty that the Nominating Stockholder has not nominated and will not nominate for election to the Board of Directors at the annual meeting any person other than such Nominating Stockholder’s StockholderProxy Access Nominee(s) pursuant to this Article X; (4) a representation and warranty that the Nominating Stockholder has not engaged in and will not engage in, and has not been and shall not be a participant (as defined in Item 4 of Exchange Act Schedule 14A) in, a “solicitation” within the meaning of Rule 14a-1(l) under the Exchange Act (without reference to the exception in Rule 14a-1(l)(2)(iv)) with respect to the annual meeting, other than with respect to such Nominating Stockholder’s StockholderProxy Access Nominee(s) or any nominee of the Board of Directors; (5) a representation and warranty that the Nominating Stockholder will not use any form of proxy and ballot other than the corporation’s form of proxy and ballot in soliciting stockholders in connection with the election of a StockholderProxy Access Nominee at the annual meeting; (6) a representation and warranty that each StockholderProxy Access Nominee’s candidacy or, if elected, membership on the Board of Directors would not violate the corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation, thethese By-Laws, any applicable law, rule or regulation to which the corporation is subject, including rules or regulations of any stock exchange on which the corporation’s shares of common stock are listed; (7) a representation and warranty that each StockholderProxy Access Nominee: (a) does not have any direct or indirect relationship with the corporation that would cause the StockholderProxy Access Nominee to be deemed not independent pursuant to the corporation’s standards in its Corporate Governance Guidelines or any other publicly-disclosed standards established by the corporation, and otherwise qualifies as independent under any other standards established by the corporation and the rules of any stock exchange on which the corporation’s shares of common stock are listed; (b) meets the audit committee and compensation committee independence requirements under the rules of any stock exchange on which the corporation’s shares of common stock are listed; (c) is a “non-employee director” for the purposes of Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act (or any successor rule); (d) is an “outside director” for the purposes of Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (or any successor provision); (e) is not, and has not, been subject to any event specified in Rule 506(d)(1) of Regulation D (or any successor rule)

promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or Item 401(f) of Regulation S-K (or any successor rule), without reference to whether the event is material to an evaluation of the ability or integrity of such StockholderProxy Access Nominee; and (fe) meets the Director qualifications set forth in the corporation’s Corporate Governance Guidelines and any other publicly-disclosed standards established by the corporation (notwithstanding this clause (7), for the avoidance of doubt, the Board of Directors is responsible for making the final determination of the StockholderProxy Access Nominee’s independence); (8) a representation and warranty that the Nominating Stockholder satisfies the eligibility requirements set forth in Section 3 of this Article X and intends to continue to satisfy such eligibility requirements through the date of the annual meeting; (9) details of any position of a StockholderProxy Access Nominee holds as an employee, officer or director of any company, and of any other material relationship with, or material financial interest in, any company, within the three years preceding the submission of the Nomination Notice to the extent such information would be required from a Director of the corporation; (10) if desired, a Supporting Statement; (11) a description of all agreements, arrangements or understandings (including any derivative or short positions, profit interests, options, warrants, stock appreciation or similar rights, hedging transactions, derivatives and borrowed or loaned shares) that hashave been entered into as of the date of the noticesubmission of the Nomination Notice by, or on behalf of, each such Eligible Stockholder and any affiliate of each such Eligible Stockholder, the effect or intent of which is to give such person economic risk similar to ownership of shares of any class or series of capital stock of the corporation, mitigate loss, manage risk or benefit from share price change for, or maintain, increase or decrease the voting power of, each such Eligible Stockholder or an affiliate of each such stockholder, and a representation that each such Eligible Stockholder will notify the corporation in writing of any such agreement, arrangement or understanding in effect as of the record date for the meeting not later than five business days following the later of the record date or the date notice of the record date of the annual meeting is first publicly disclosed; and (12) in the case of a nomination by a Nominating Stockholder comprised of a group, the designation by all Eligible Stockholders in such group of one Eligible Stockholder that is authorized to act on behalf of the Nominating Stockholder with respect to matters relating to the nomination, including withdrawal of the nomination;

(F) an executed agreement, in a form deemed satisfactory by the Board of Directors, pursuant to which the Nominating Stockholder (including in the case of a group, each Eligible Stockholder in that group) agrees: (1) to comply with all applicable laws, rules and regulations in connection with the nomination, solicitation and election of the StockholderProxy Access Nominee; (2) to file any written solicitation or other communication with the corporation’s stockholders relating to one or more of the corporation’s Directors or director nominees or any StockholderProxy Access Nominee with the SEC, to the extent such filing would be required if such written solicitation or other communication were made by or on behalf of the corporation; (3) to assume all liability stemming from any action, suit or proceeding concerning any actual or alleged legal or regulatory violation in connection with the Nominating Stockholder’s attempt to nominate a StockholderProxy Access Nominee or arising out of the information that the Nominating Stockholder provided to the corporation or out of any communication by the Nominating Stockholder or any of its StockholderProxy Access Nominees with the corporation, the stockholders of the corporation or any other person in connection with the nomination or

election of Directors, including, without limitation, the Nomination Notice; (4) to indemnify and hold harmless (jointly and severally with all other Eligible Stockholders, in the case of a group of Eligible Stockholders) the corporation and each of its Directors, officers and employees individually against any liability, loss, damages, reasonable expenses or other costs (including attorneys’ fees) incurred in connection with any threatened or pending action, suit or proceeding, whether legal, administrative or investigative, against the corporation or any of its Directors, officers or employees, arising out of or relating to a failure or alleged failure of the Nominating Stockholder or any of its StockholderProxy Access Nominees to comply with, or any breach or alleged breach of, its or their obligations, agreements or, representations or warranties under, this Article X; (5) in the event that any information included in the Nomination Notice or any other communication by the Nominating Stockholder (including with respect to any Eligible Stockholder included in a group) with the corporation, the stockholders of the corporation or any other person in connection with the nomination or election ceases to be true and accurate in all material respects (or omits a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading), to promptly (and in any event within 48 hours of discovering such misstatement or omission) notify the corporation and any other recipient of such communication of the misstatement or omission in such previously provided information and of the information that is required to correct the misstatement or omission (it being understood that providing any such notification shall not be deemed to cure any defect or limit the corporation’s rights to omit a Proxy Access Nominee from its proxy materials as provided in this Article X); (6) in the event that the Nominating Stockholder (including any Eligible Stockholder in a group) has failed to continue to satisfy the eligibility requirements described in Section 3 of this Article X, to promptly notify the corporation; and (7) to provide to the corporation prior to the annual meeting of stockholders such additional information as necessary or reasonably requested by the corporation;

(G) an executed agreement, in a form deemed satisfactory by the Board of Directors, pursuant to which each StockholderProxy Access Nominee agrees: (1) to promptly, but in any event within ten business days after such request, provide to the corporation such other information and certifications, including completion of the corporation’s director nominee questionnaire, as the corporation may reasonably request; (2) at the reasonable request of the Board of Directors, any committee or any officer of the corporation, to meet with the Board of Directors, any committee or any officer of the corporation to discuss matters relating to the nomination of such StockholderProxy Access Nominee to the Board of Directors, including the information provided by such StockholderProxy Access Nominee to the corporation in connection with his or her nomination and such StockholderProxy Access Nominee’s eligibility to serve as a member of the Board of Directors; (3) that such StockholderProxy Access Nominee has read and agrees, if elected, to comply with all of the corporation’s corporate governance, conflict of interest, confidentiality, and stock ownership and trading policies and guidelines, and any other corporation policies and guidelines (including any successor policies or guidelines) applicable to Directors; (4) that such StockholderProxy Access Nominee understands the duties of a director under Delaware law and agrees to act in accordance with those duties while serving as a Director; and (5) that such StockholderProxy Access Nominee is not, and will not become, a party to: (a) any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person with respect to any direct or indirect compensation, reimbursement or indemnification of the StockholderProxy

Access Nominee in connection with being a StockholderProxy Access Nominee or with his or her service or action as a Director of the corporation that has not been fully disclosed in writing to the corporation prior to, or concurrently with, the Nominating Stockholder’s submission of the Nomination Notice; (b) any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity as to how such StockholderProxy Access Nominee, if elected, will vote or act on any issue (a “Voting Commitment”) except such as is already existing and has been fully disclosed to the corporation prior to or concurrently with the Nominating Stockholder’s submission of the Nomination Notice; or (c) any Voting Commitment that could limit or interfere with such StockholderProxy Access Nominee’s ability to comply, if elected, with his or her fiduciary duties under applicable law.

The information and documents required by this Section 4 of Article X to be provided by the Nominating Stockholder shall be: (A) provided with respect to and executed by each Eligible Stockholder in the case of a Nominating Stockholder comprised of a group of Eligible Stockholders; and (B) provided with respect to both the persons specified in Instructions 1 and 2 to Items 6(c) and (d) of Schedule 14N (or any successor item) and limited liability companies (x) in the case of a Nominating Stockholder that is an entity and (y) in the case of a Nominating Stockholder that is a group that includes one or more Eligible Stockholders that are entities. The Nomination Notice shall be deemed submitted on the date on which all of the information and documents referred to in this Section 4 of Article X (other than such information and documents contemplated to be provided after the date the Nomination Notice is provided) have been delivered to and received by the Secretary.

(i) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Article X, the corporation may omit from its proxy materials any StockholderProxy Access Nominee and any information concerning such StockholderProxy Access Nominee (including a Nominating Stockholder’s Supporting Statement) and no vote on such StockholderProxy Access Nominee will occur (notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the corporation), and the Nominating Stockholder may not, after the last day on which a Nomination Notice would be timely, cure in any way any defect preventing the nomination of such StockholderProxy Access Nominee, if: (A) the StockholderProxy Access Nominee is a named subject of a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations and other minor offenses) or has been convicted in a criminal proceeding within the past ten years; (B) the Nominating Stockholder (or, in the case of a Nominating Stockholder consisting of a group of Eligible Stockholders, the Eligible Stockholder that is authorized to act on behalf of the Nominating Stockholder), or any qualified representative thereof, does not appear at the annual meeting to present the nomination submitted pursuant to this Article X, the Nominating Stockholder withdraws its nomination or the chairmanchairperson of the annual meeting declares that such nomination was not made in accordance with the procedures prescribed by this Article X and shall therefore be disregarded; (C) the Board of Directors in good faith determines that such StockholderProxy Access Nominee fails to satisfy all of the standards set forth in Section 4(E)(7)(a)-(fe) of this Article X, such StockholderProxy Access Nominee has been, within the past three years, an officer or director of a competitor, as defined for purposes of Section 8 of the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914, as

amended, or if such StockholderProxy Access Nominee’s nomination or election to the Board of Directors would result in the corporation violating or failing to be in compliance with the corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation, thethese By-Laws or any applicable law, rule or regulation to which the corporation is subject, including any rules or regulations of any stock exchange on which the corporation’s shares of common stock are listed; (D) such StockholderProxy Access Nominee was nominated for election to the Board of Directors pursuant to this Article X at one of the corporation’s two preceding annual meetings of stockholders and either withdrew from or became ineligible or unavailable for election at such annual meeting or did not receive votes cast in favor of the StockholderProxy Access Nominee’s election of at least 25% of the votes cast on the proposal at such annual meeting, in person or by proxy; or (E) the corporation is notified, or the Board of Directors determines, that the Nominating Stockholder or such StockholderProxy Access Nominee has failed to continue to satisfy the eligibility requirements described in Section 3 of this Article X, any of the representations and warranties made in the Nomination Notice ceaseshas ceased to be true and accurate in all material respects (or omitsomitted a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading), such StockholderProxy Access Nominee becomes unwilling or unable to serve on the Board of Directors or any material violation or breach occurs of any of the obligations, agreements, representations or warranties of the Nominating Stockholder or such StockholderProxy Access Nominee under this Article X.

(ii) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Article X, the corporation may omit from its proxy statement, or may supplement or correct, any information, including all or any portion of the Supporting Statement or any other statement in support of a StockholderProxy Access Nominee included in the Nomination Notice, if the Board of Directors determines that: (A) such information is not true in all material respects or omits a material statementfact necessary to make the statements made, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; (B) such information directly or indirectly impugns the character, integrity or personal reputation of, or directly or indirectly makes charges concerning improper, illegal or immoral conduct or associations, without factual foundation, with respect to, any individual, corporation, partnership, association or other entity, organization or governmental authority; or (C) the inclusion of such information in the proxy statement would otherwise violate SEC proxy rules or any other applicable law, rule or regulation.

Section 6. Additional Provisions. For purposes of this Article X, any determination to be made by the Board of Directors may be made by the Board of Directors, a committee of the Board of Directors or any officer of the corporation designated by the Board of Directors or a committee of the Board of Directors, and any such determination shall be final and binding on any Eligible Stockholder, any Nominating Stockholder, any StockholderProxy Access Nominee and any other person so long as made in good faith (without any further requirements). If any intervening events, facts or circumstances arise subsequent to any such determination, the presiding officer of any annual meeting of stockholders, in addition to making any other determinations that may be appropriate to the conduct of the meeting, shall have the power and duty to determine whether a StockholderProxy Access Nominee has been nominated in