UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC  20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023

OR

 ☐ Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Commission File Number 001-07172

BRT APARTMENTS CORP.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Maryland	13-2755856
(State or other jurisdiction of	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
incorporation or organization)

60 Cutter Mill Road, Great Neck, NY	11021
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

516-466-3100

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock	BRT	NYSE

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Date File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulations S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). 

Yes ☒  No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company.  See definition of “large accelerated filer” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company”and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  (Check one):

Large accelerated filer ☐	Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☒	Smaller reporting company ☒
Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐  No ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of stock, as of the latest practicable date.

18,596,389 Shares of Common Stock,

par value $0.01 per share, outstanding on November 1, 2023

BRT APARTMENTS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Table of Contents

Part I - Financial Information		Page No.
Item 1.	Financial Statements
	Consolidated Balance Sheets - September 30, 2023 (unaudited) and December 31, 2022 (audited)	2
	Consolidated Statements of Operations –Three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (unaudited)	3
	Consolidated Statements of Equity – Three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (unaudited)	4
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 (unaudited)	6
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	9
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	20
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks	38
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	38
Part II – Other Information
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	39
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	39
Item 5.	Other Information	39
Item 6.	Exhibits	40

2

Explanatory Note

Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, all references to (i) “us”, “we”, “BRT” or the “Company” refer to BRT Apartments Corp. and its consolidated and unconsolidated subsidiaries; (ii) "acquisitions" include investments in and by unconsolidated joint ventures; and (iii) "same store properties" refer to properties that we owned and operated for the entirety of the periods being compared, except for properties that are under construction, in lease-up, or are undergoing development or redevelopment. We move properties previously excluded from our same store portfolio (because they were under construction, in lease up or are in development or redevelopment) into the same store designation once they have stabilized (as described below) and such status has been reflected fully in all quarters during the applicable periods of comparison. Newly constructed, lease-up, development and redevelopment properties are deemed stabilized upon the earlier to occur of the first full calendar quarter beginning (a) 12 months after the property is fully completed and put in service and (b) attainment of at least 90% physical occupancy.

1

Item 1. Financial Statements

BRT APARTMENTS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(unaudited)		(audited)
ASSETS
Real estate properties, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $74,108 and $55,195	$	639,989	$	651,603
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures	34,501		42,576
Cash and cash equivalents	28,117		20,281
Restricted cash	769		872
Other assets	17,766		16,786
Total Assets	$	721,142	$	732,118
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Liabilities:
Mortgages payable, net of deferred costs of $4,224 and $4,166	$	422,935	$	403,792
Junior subordinated notes, net of deferred costs of $262 and $277	37,138		37,123
Credit facility, net of deferred costs of $0 and $498	—		18,502
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	24,272		22,631
Total Liabilities	484,345		482,048
Commitments and contingencies
Equity:
BRT Apartments Corp. stockholders' equity:
Preferred shares $0.01 par value 2,000 shares authorized, none outstanding	—		—
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 300,000 shares authorized;  17,689 and 18,006 shares outstanding	177		180
Additional paid-in capital	269,273		273,863
Accumulated deficit	(32,662)		(23,955)
Total BRT Apartments Corp. stockholders’ equity	236,788		250,088
Non-controlling interest	9		(18)
Total Equity	236,797		250,070
Total Liabilities and Equity	$	721,142	$	732,118

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

2

BRT APARTMENTS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands, except shares and per share data)

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Revenues:
Rental and other revenue from real estate properties	$	23,510	$	21,691	$	69,704	$	47,804
Other income	342		6		405		12
Total revenues	23,852		21,697		70,109		47,816
Expenses:
Real estate operating expenses - including $9 and $9 to related parties for the three months ended and $25 and $28 for the nine months ended	10,583		9,195		31,565		20,296
Interest expense	5,581		5,061		16,577		9,994
General and administrative - including $141 and $183 to related parties for the three months ended and $479 and $614 for the nine months ended	4,017		3,673		11,920		10,839
Depreciation and amortization	6,544		8,165		22,095		16,781
Total expenses	26,725		26,094		82,157		57,910
Total revenues less total expenses	(2,873)		(4,397)		(12,048)		(10,094)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated joint ventures	426		135		1,705		1,315
Equity in earnings from sale of unconsolidated joint ventures properties	—		11,472		14,744		64,531
Gain on sale of real estate	604		—		604		6
Insurance recovery of casualty loss	261		—		476		—
Gain on insurance recoveries	—		62		240		62
Loss on extinguishment of debt	—		—		—		(563)
(Loss) income from continuing operations	(1,582)		7,272		5,721		55,257
Income tax (benefit) provision	(122)		178		5		976
(Loss) income from continuing operations, net of taxes	(1,460)		7,094		5,716		54,281
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest	(34)		(35)		(106)		(107)
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders	$	(1,494)	$	7,059	$	5,610	$	54,174
Weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding:
Basic	17,851,715		17,928,197		18,022,975		17,721,700
Diluted	17,851,715		17,994,457		18,045,767		17,784,362
Per share amounts attributable to common stockholders:
Basic	$	(0.08)	$	0.37	$	0.30	$	2.91
Diluted	$	(0.08)	$	0.37	$	0.27	$	2.89

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

3

BRT APARTMENTS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

	Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Non- Controlling Interest		Total
Balances, December 31, 2022	$	180	$	273,863	$	(23,955)	$	(18)	$	250,070
Distributions - common stock - $0.25 per share	—		—		(4,847)		—		(4,847)
Restricted stock and restricted stock units vesting	2		(2)		—		—		—
Compensation expense - restricted stock and restricted stock units	—		1,410		—		—		1,410
Shares issued through DRIP	—		763		—		—		763
Net (loss) income	—		—		(4,098)		36		(4,062)
Balances, March 31, 2023	$	182	$	276,034	$	(32,900)	$	18	$	243,334
Distributions - common stock - $0.25 per share	—		—		(4,816)		—		(4,816)
Compensation expense - restricted stock and restricted stock units	—		1,193		—		—		1,193
Distributions to non-controlling interests	—		—		—		(37)		(37)
Shares repurchased	(3)		(5,833)		—		—		(5,836)
Shares issues through DRIP	—		670		—		—		670
Net income	—		—		11,202		36		11,238
Balances, June 30, 2023	$	179	$	272,064	$	(26,514)	$	17	$	245,746
Distributions - common stock - $0.25 per share	—		—		(4,654)		—		(4,654)
Compensation expense - restricted stock and restricted stock units	—		1,473		—		—		1,473
Distributions to non-controlling interests	—		—		—		(42)		(42)
Shares issues through DRIP	—		684		—		—		684
Shares repurchased	(2)		(4,948)		—		—		(4,950)
Net (loss) income	—		—		(1,494)		34		(1,460)
Balances, September 30, 2023	$	177	$	269,273	$	(32,662)	$	9	$	236,797

4

BRT APARTMENTS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

	Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Non- Controlling Interest		Total
Balances, December 31, 2021	$	173	$	258,161	$	(55,378)	$	(5)	$	202,951
Distributions - common stock - $0.23 per share	—		—		(4,305)		—		(4,305)
Restricted stock vesting	2		(2)		—		—		—
Compensation expense - restricted stock and restricted stock units	—		974		—		—		974
Shares issued through equity offering program, net	1		3,037		—		—		3,038
Net income	—		—		11,508		36		11,544
Balances, March 31, 2022	$	176	$	262,170	$	(48,175)	$	31	$	214,202
Distributions - common stock - $0.25 per share	—		—		(4,723)		—		(4,723)
Compensation expense - restricted stock and restricted stock units	—		1,001		—		—		1,001
Shares issued through equity offering program, net	2		3,085		—		—		3,087
Distributions to non-controlling interests	—		—		—		(60)		(60)
Net income	—		—		35,607		36		35,643
Balances, June 30, 2022	$	178	$	266,256	$	(17,291)	$	7	$	249,150
Distributions - common stock - $0.22 per share	—		—		(4,720)		—		(4,720)
Compensation expense - restricted stock and restricted stock units	—		1,208		—		—		1,208
Contributions from non-controlling interests	—		—		—		—		—
Consolidation of investment in limited partnership	—		—		—		—		—
Distributions to non-controlling interests	—		—		—		(59)		(59)
Purchase of non-controlling interest	—		—		—		—		—
Shares issued through equity offering program, net	2		3,818		—		—		3,820
Shares issued through DRIP	—		622		—		—		622
Shares repurchased	—		—		—		—		—
Net income	—		—		7,059		35		7,094
Other comprehensive income	—		—		—		—		—
Comprehensive income									7,094
Balances, September 30, 2022	$	180	$	271,904	$	(14,952)	$	(17)	$	257,115

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

5

BRT APARTMENTS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in Thousands)

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	5,716	$	54,281
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	22,095		16,781
Amortization of deferred financing costs	799		399
Amortization of debt fair value adjustment	463		(28)
Amortization of restricted stock and restricted stock units	4,076		3,183
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated joint ventures	(1,705)		(1,315)
Equity in earnings from sale of unconsolidated joint venture properties	(14,744)		(64,531)
Gain on sale of real estate	(604)		(6)
Gain on insurance recovery	(240)		(62)
Loss on extinguishment of debt	—		563
Increases and decreases from changes in other assets and liabilities:
(Increase) decrease in other assets	(3,823)		1,820
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued liabilities	1,575		(2,635)
Net cash provided by operating activities	13,608		8,450
Cash flows from investing activities:
Improvements to real estate properties	(7,406)		(4,151)
Purchase of investment in joint ventures	—		(105,262)
Proceeds from the sale of real estate	711		4,385
Distributions from unconsolidated joint ventures	24,646		89,476
Contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures	(122)		(3,500)
Proceeds from insurance recoveries	240		62
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	18,069		(18,990)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from mortgages payable	21,173		18,953
Mortgage payoffs	—		(26,761)
Mortgage principal payments	(2,435)		(1,475)
Proceeds from credit facility	—		22,000
Repayment of credit facility	(19,000)		(15,000)
Increase in deferred financing costs	(683)		(672)
Dividends paid	(14,251)		(13,136)
Distributions to non-controlling interests	(79)		(119)
Proceeds from the sale of common stock	—		9,945
Proceeds from issuance of DRIP shares	2,117		622
Repurchase of shares of common stock	(10,786)		—
Net cash used in financing activities	(23,944)		(5,643)

6

BRT APARTMENTS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in Thousands)

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash:	7,733		(16,184)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period	21,153		38,921
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	28,886	$	22,737
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the period for interest	$	15,310	$	9,169
Cash paid for income taxes	$	710	$	291
Consolidation on buyout of partnership interests:
Increase in real estate assets	$	—	$	(370,513)
Increase in other assets	—		(17,489)
Increase in mortgage payable	—		231,896
Increase in deferred loan costs	—		(3,892)
Increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities	—		6,278
Decrease in investment in unconsolidated joint ventures	—		48,458
	$	—	(105,262)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

7

BRT APARTMENTS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in Thousands)

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows.
	September 30,
	2023		2022
Cash and cash equivalents	$	28,117	$	21,865
Restricted cash	769		872
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, shown in consolidated statement of cash flows	$	28,886	$	22,737

8

BRT APARTMENTS CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

September 30, 2023

Note 1 – Organization and Background

BRT Apartments Corp. (the "Company" or "BRT"), a Maryland corporation, owns, operates and, to a lesser extent, holds interests in joint ventures that own multi-family properties. The Company conducts its operations to qualify as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, for federal income tax purposes.

These multi-family properties may be wholly owned by the Company (including its consolidated subsidiaries) or by unconsolidated joint ventures in which the Company generally contributes a significant portion of the equity. At September 30, 2023, the Company: (i) wholly owns 21 multi-family properties located in eleven states with an aggregate of 5,420 units and a carrying value of $638,170,000; (ii) has interests, through unconsolidated entities, in seven multi-family properties located in four states with an aggregate of 2,287 units with a carrying value of $30,878,000; and (iii) owns other assets, through consolidated and unconsolidated subsidiaries, with a carrying value of $5,441,000. These 28 multi-family properties are located in 11 states; most of the properties are located in the Southeast United States and Texas.

Note 2 – Basis of Preparation

The accompanying interim unaudited consolidated financial statements, reflect all normal recurring adjustments which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the results for such interim periods. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, are not necessarily indicative of the results for the full year. The consolidated audited balance sheet as of December 31, 2022, has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP"). Accordingly, these unaudited statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's audited financial statements included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (the "Annual Report") filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC").

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts and operations of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.

The Company accounts for its investments in unconsolidated joint ventures under the equity method of accounting. For each venture, the Company evaluated the rights provided to each party in the venture to assess the consolidation of the venture. All investments in unconsolidated joint ventures have sufficient equity at risk to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support and, as a group, the holders of the equity at risk have power through voting rights to direct the activities of these ventures. As a result, none of these joint ventures are variable interest entities ("VIEs"). Additionally, as determined in accordance with GAAP, the Company does not exercise substantial operating control over these entities, and therefore the entities are not consolidated. These investments are recorded initially at cost, as investments in unconsolidated joint ventures, and subsequently adjusted for their share of equity in earnings, cash contributions and distributions. The distributions to each joint venture partner are determined pursuant to the applicable operating agreement and may not be pro-rata to the percentage equity interest each partner has in the applicable venture.

The joint venture that owns a property in Yonkers, New York, was determined not to be a VIE but is consolidated because the Company has controlling rights in such entity.

The Company reviews each real estate asset owned, including those held through investments in unconsolidated joint ventures, for impairment when there is an event or a change in circumstances indicating that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. The Company measures and records impairment charges, and reduces the carrying value of owned properties, when indicators of impairment are present and the expected undiscounted cash flows related to those properties are less than their carrying amounts. For its unconsolidated joint venture investments, the Company measures and records impairment losses, and reduces the carrying value of the equity investment when indicators of impairment are present and the expected discounted cash flows related to the investment is less than the carrying value. When the Company does not expect to recover its carrying value on properties held for use, the Company reduces its carrying value to fair value, and for properties held for sale, the Company reduces its carrying value to the fair value less costs to sell. When the Company does not expect to recover its carrying value on unconsolidated joint ventures that are under contract for sale, the Company, when it is determined that the sale is probable, reduces its carrying value to its fair value.

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements. Actual results could differ from those

9

estimates. Substantially all of the Company's assets are comprised of multi- family real estate assets generally leased to tenants on a one-year basis. Therefore, the Company aggregates real estate assets for reporting purposes and operates in one reportable segment.

Note 3 - Equity

Equity Distribution Agreements

Effective as of May 12, 2023, the Company (i) terminated the equity distributions agreements dated March 18, 2022, and (ii) entered into equity distribution agreements with three sales agents to sell up to $40,000,000 of its common stock from time-to-time in an at-the-market offering. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company did not sell any shares. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company sold 174,059 and 447,815 shares, respectively, at an average per share price of $22.22 and $22.50, respectively, for an aggregate sales price of $3,867,000 and $10,076,000, respectively, before commissions and fees of $48,000 and $131,000, respectively.

Common Stock Dividend Distribution

The Company declared a quarterly cash distribution of $0.25 per share, payable on October 11, 2023 to stockholders of record on October 3, 2023.

Dividend Reinvestment Plan

The Dividend Reinvestment Plan (the “DRP”), which has been in effect since June 2022, among other things, provides stockholders with the opportunity to reinvest all or a portion of their cash dividends paid on the Company’s common stock in additional shares of its common stock, at a discount, determined in the Company’s sole discretion, of up to 5% from the market price for the common stock (as such price is calculated pursuant to the DRP). The discount from the market price is currently 3%. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we issued 35,470 and 111,322 shares in lieu of cash dividends of $684,000 and $2,117,000, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, 29,190 shares were issued in lieu of cash dividends of $622,000.

Stock Based Compensation

In 2022, the Company's board of directors adopted, and the stockholders' approved, the 2022 Incentive Plan (the "2022 Plan"). This plan permits the Company to grant: (i) stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares awards and any one or more of the foregoing, for up to a maximum of 1,000,000 shares; and (ii) cash settled dividend equivalent rights in tandem with the grant of restricted stock units and certain performance based awards. As of September 30, 2023, 408,746 shares are available for issuance pursuant to awards under the 2022 Plan. Awards to acquire 789,345 shares of common stock are outstanding under the 2020 Incentive Plan and the 2018 Incentive Plan (collectively the "Prior Plans") and no further awards may be made pursuant to the Prior Plans.

Restricted Stock Units

In July 2023 and June 2022, the Company issued restricted stock units (the "RSUs") to acquire up to 214,990 and 212,470 shares of common stock pursuant to the 2022 Incentive Plan, respectively. As of September 30, 2023, an aggregate of 637,835 of unvested restricted stock units are outstanding pursuant to the 2022 Plan and Prior Plans. Generally, the RSUs entitle the recipients, subject to continued service through the three-year vesting period to receive (i) the underlying shares if and to the extent certain performance and/or market conditions are satisfied at the vesting date, and (ii) an amount equal to the cash dividends that would have been paid during the three-year performance period with respect to the shares of common stock underlying the RSUs if, when, and to the extent, the related RSUs vest. The shares underlying the RSUs are not participating securities but are contingently issuable shares.

Expense is recognized on the RSUs which the Company expects to vest over the applicable vesting period. For the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded $651,000 and $457,000, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded $1,534,000 and $957,000, respectively, of compensation expense related to the amortization of unearned compensation with respect to the RSUs issued under the 2020 and 2022 Incentive Plans. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, $4,046,000 and $4,269,000 of compensation expense, respectively, has been deferred and will be charged to expense over the remaining vesting periods.

10

Restricted Stock

In January 2023 and 2022, the Company granted 163,914 and 158,973 shares, respectively, of restricted stock pursuant to the 2022 and 2020 Plan, respectively. As of September 30, 2023, an aggregate of 953,139 shares of unvested restricted stock are outstanding pursuant to the 2022 Plan and Prior Plans. The shares of restricted stock vest five years from the date of grant and under specified circumstances, including a change in control, may vest earlier. For financial statement purposes, the restricted stock is not included in the outstanding shares shown on the consolidated balance sheets until they vest, but is included in the earnings per share computation.

For the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded $822,000 and $751,000, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded $2,542,000 and $2,226,000, respectively, of compensation expense related to the amortization of unearned compensation with respect to the restricted stock awards. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, $8,330,000 and $7,728,000, respectively, has been deferred as unearned compensation and will be charged to expense over the remaining vesting periods of these restricted stock awards. The weighted average remaining vesting period of these shares of restricted stock is 2.4 years.

Share Repurchase

In June 2023, the Board of Directors extended the term of the Company's share repurchase program from December 31, 2023 to December 31, 2025 and increased the existing repurchase authorization from $5,000,000 to $10,000,000 of shares.

In August 2023, the Board of Directors, after giving effect to repurchases of $3,250,000 of shares made since the June 2023 share repurchase authorization, increased the Company's share repurchase program by an additional $6,750,000 of shares to $10,000,000 of shares. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company repurchased 264,165 and 573,318 shares of common stock, respectively, at an average price per share of $18.74 and $18.81, respectively, for an aggregate cost of $4,950,000 and $10,786,000, respectively. As of September 30, 2023, the Company is authorized to repurchase up to $5,966,000 of shares. From October 1, 2023 through October 31, 2023, the Company repurchased 98,014 shares of common stock at an average price per share of $17.23 for an aggregate cost of $1,689,000. At October 31, 2023, the Company is authorized to repurchase up to $4,278,000 of shares of common stock

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company did not repurchase any shares of common stock.

Per Share Data

Basic earnings per share is determined by dividing net income applicable to common stockholders for the applicable period by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during such period. Net income is also allocated to the unvested restricted stock outstanding during each period, as the restricted stock is entitled to receive dividends and is therefore considered a participating security. The RSUs are excluded from the basic earnings per share calculation as they are not participating securities.

Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into shares of common stock or resulted in the issuance of shares of common stock that share in the earnings of the Company. Diluted earnings per share is determined by dividing net income applicable to common stockholders for the applicable period by the weighted average number of shares of common stock deemed to be outstanding during such period.

In calculating diluted earnings per share, the Company includes only those shares underlying the RSUs that it anticipates will vest based on management's estimates as of the end of the most recent quarter. The Company excludes any shares underlying the RSUs from such calculation if their effect would have been anti-dilutive. The following table provides a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of earnings per share calculations (amounts in thousands, except per share amounts):

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	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Numerator for basic and diluted earnings per share:
Net income	$	(1,460)	$	7,094	$	5,716	$	54,281
Deduct net income attributable to non-controlling interests	(34)		(35)		(106)		(107)
Deduct earnings allocated to unvested restricted stock	(73)		(349)		268		(2,684)
Net income available for common stockholders: basic and diluted	$	(1,567)	$	6,710	$	5,878	$	51,490
Denominator for basic earnings per share:
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding	17,851,715		17,928,197		18,022,975		17,721,700
Effect of dilutive securities:
RSUs	—		66,260		22,792		62,662
Denominator for diluted earnings per share:
Weighted average number of shares	17,851,715		17,994,457		18,045,767		17,784,362
Earnings per common share, basic	$	(0.08)	$	0.37	$	0.30	$	2.91
Earnings per common share, diluted	$	(0.08)	$	0.37	$	0.27	$	2.89

Note 4 - Leases

Lessor Accounting

The Company owns a commercial building in Yonkers, NY leased to two retail tenants under operating leases expiring from 2028 to 2035, with tenant options to extend the leases. Revenues from such leases are reported as rental income, net, and are comprised of (i) lease components, which includes fixed lease payments and (ii) non-lease components, which includes reimbursements of property level operating expenses. The Company does not separate non-lease components from the related lease components, as the timing and pattern of transfer are the same, and accounts for the combined component in accordance with ASC 842.

Lessee Accounting

The Company is a lessee under a ground lease in Yonkers, NY which is classified as an operating lease. The ground lease was set to expire September 30, 2024 and provided for one 21-year renewal option. The renewal option was exercised and the ground lease will expire on June 30, 2045. There are no further renewal options. As of September 30, 2023, the remaining lease term is 21.8 years.

The Company is a lessee under a corporate office lease in Great Neck, New York, which is classified as an operating lease. The lease expires on December 31, 2031 and provides a five-year renewal option. As of September 30, 2023, the remaining lease term, including renewal options deemed exercised, is 13.3 years.

As of September 30, 2023, the Company's Right of Use ("ROU") assets and lease liabilities were $2,230,000 and $2,356,000, respectively. As of December 31, 2022, the Company's ROU assets and lease liabilities were $2,371,000 and $2,472,000, respectively.

The discount rate applied to measure each ROU asset and lease liability is based on the Company’s incremental borrowing rate (“IBR”). The Company considers the general economic environment and its historical borrowing rate activity and factors in various financing and asset specific adjustments to ensure the IBR is appropriate to the intended use of the underlying lease. As the Company did not elect to apply the hindsight practical expedient, lease term assumptions determined under ASC 840 were carried forward and applied in calculating the lease liabilities recorded under ASC 842. The Company’s ground lease offers a renewal option which it assesses against relevant economic factors to determine whether it is reasonably certain of exercising or not exercising the option. Lease payments associated with renewal periods that the Company is reasonably certain will be exercised, if any, are included in the measurement of the corresponding lease liability and ROU asset.

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Note 5 ‑ Real Estate Properties

Real estate properties, consists of the following (dollars in thousands):

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Land	$	74,246	$	74,246
Building	616,997		617,041
Building improvements	22,854		15,511
Real estate properties	714,097		706,798
Accumulated depreciation	(74,108)		(55,195)
Total real estate properties, net	$	639,989	$	651,603

A summary of real estate properties owned is as follows (dollars in thousands):

	December 31, 2022 Balance		Improvements		Depreciation		Sale of Property		September 30, 2023 Balance
Multi-family	$	649,701	$	7,299	$	(18,830)	$	—	$	638,170
Retail shopping center and other	1,902		107		(83)		(107)		1,819
Total real estate properties	$	651,603	$	7,406	$	(18,913)	$	(107)	$	639,989

Partner Buyouts

In the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company completed the purchase of its partners' remaining interests in the unconsolidated joint ventures that own the properties identified below. As a result of these purchases, these properties (including the related mortgage debt - see note 8 - "Debt Obligations") are wholly-owned and effective as of the closing of such purchase, are included in the Company's consolidated balance sheet and results of operations (dollars in thousands):

Buyout Date	Property Name	Location	Units	Remaining Interest Purchased		Purchase Price (1)
03/23/2022	Verandas at Alamo	San Antonio, TX	288	28.1	%	$	8,721
04/07/2022	Vanguard Heights	Creve Coeur, MO	174	21.6	%	4,880
05/11/2022	Jackson Square	Tallahassee, FL	242	20	%	7,215
05/24/2022	Brixworth at Bridge Street	Huntsville, AL	208	20	%	10,697
05/26/2022	Woodland Apartments	Boerne, TX	120	20	%	3,881
06/30/2022	Grove at River Place	Macon, GA	240	20	%	7,485
07/12/2022	Civic I	Southaven, MS	392	25	%	18,233
07/12/2022	Civic II	Southaven, MS	384	25	%	17,942
07/14/2022	Abbotts Run	Wilmington, NC	264	20	%	9,010
07/19/2022	Somerset at Trussville	Trussville, AL	328	20	%	10,558
08/03/2022	Magnolia Pointe	Madison, AL	204	20	%	7,246
			2,844			$	105,868

__________________

(1) The purchase price gives effect to the purchase of the "promote interest" (as more fully described in the Annual Report) of the Company's joint venture partners and does not include closing costs of $2,191 and operating cash acquired from the ventures of $2,797.

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Property Disposition

In September 2023, the Company sold a cooperative apartment unit in New York, NY for a sale price of $785,000 and recognized a gain on the sale of $604,000.

On February 2, 2022 the Company sold a vacant land parcel located in Daytona, Florida for a sales price of $4,700,000, and, after closing costs, recognized a nominal gain.

Contract to Acquire a Property

On March 8, 2023, the Company entered into an agreement to acquire a 238-unit multifamily property constructed in 2019 and located in Richmond, VA, for a purchase price of approximately $62,500,000. The purchase price includes the assumption of approximately $32,000,000 of U.S. Housing and Urban Development ("HUD") mortgage debt bearing an interest rate of 3.34% and maturing in 2061. The purchase is subject to the satisfaction of various conditions, including the approval by the mortgage lender of the Company's assumption of the mortgage debt. As of September 30, 2023, the Company paid a deposit of $1,250,000 on the property which will be forfeited, with certain exceptions, if the transaction is not completed. This amount is recorded in Other Assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheet at September 30, 2023.

Note 6 - Restricted Cash

Restricted cash represents funds held for specific purposes and are therefore not available for general corporate purposes. The restricted cash reflected on the consolidated balance sheets represents funds that are held by the Company specifically for capital improvements at certain multi-family properties owned by unconsolidated joint ventures.

Note 7 – Investment in Unconsolidated Ventures

At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company held interests in unconsolidated joint ventures that own seven and eight multi-family properties (the "Unconsolidated Properties"), respectively, and a property-in-development. The condensed balance sheets below present information regarding such properties (dollars in thousands):

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
ASSETS
Real estate properties, net of accumulated depreciation of $67,399 and $66,945	$	278,096	$	318,304
Cash and cash equivalents	8,504		6,591
Other assets	50,789		35,372
Total Assets	$	337,389	$	360,267
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Liabilities:
Mortgages payable, net of deferred costs of $1,185 and $1,421	$	242,763	$	255,261
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	11,547		8,222
Total Liabilities	254,310		263,483
Commitments and contingencies
Equity:
Total unconsolidated joint venture equity	83,079		96,784
Total Liabilities and Equity	$	337,389	$	360,267
BRT's interest in joint venture equity	$	34,501	$	42,576

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At the indicated dates, real estate properties of the unconsolidated joint ventures consist of the following (dollars in thousands):

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Land	$	46,331	$	59,404
Building	291,473		315,400
Building improvements	7,691		10,445
Real estate properties	345,495		385,249
Accumulated depreciation	(67,399)		(66,945)
Total real estate properties, net	$	278,096	$	318,304

At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the weighted average interest rate on the mortgages payable is 4.03% and 3.99%, respectively, and the weighted average remaining term to maturity is 5.3 years and 6.1 years, respectively.

The condensed income statements below present information regarding the Unconsolidated Properties (dollars in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Revenues:
Rental and other revenue	$	10,636	$	13,502	$	34,244	$	60,840
Total revenues	10,636		13,502		34,244		60,840
Expenses:
Real estate operating expenses	5,023		6,512		15,835		27,523
Interest expense	2,212		2,843		7,057		13,762
Depreciation	2,568		3,113		7,833		14,957
Total expenses	9,803		12,468		30,725		56,242
Total revenues less total expenses	833		1,034		3,519		4,598
Other equity earnings	3		12		119		89
Gain on insurance recoveries	—		—		65		567
Gain on sale of real estate	—		16,937		38,418		118,270
Loss on extinguishment of debt	—		(573)		(561)		(3,491)
Net income from joint ventures	$	836	$	17,410	$	41,560	$	120,033
BRT's equity in earnings and equity in earnings from sale of unconsolidated joint venture properties	$	426	$	11,607	$	16,449	$	65,846

Joint Venture Sales

On May 12, 2023, the unconsolidated joint venture in which the Company had a 50% equity interest sold Chatham Court and Reflections, a 494 unit multi family property located in Dallas, TX, for a sales price of $73,000,000. The gain on the sale of this property was $38,418,000 and BRT's share of the gain was $14,744,000. In connection with the sale, mortgage debt of $25,405,000 with 5.0 years of remaining term to maturity and bearing an interest rate of 4.01% was repaid and the joint venture incurred $561,000 from the loss on the extinguishment of debt, of which the Company's share was $212,000.

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During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the unconsolidated joint ventures in which the Company had equity interests, sold the following properties:

Property	Date of Sale	Units	Interest Sold		Sales Price		Gain on Sale		BRT Share of Gain		Mtge Debt at Sale Date		Loss on extinguishment of debt		BRT Share of extinguishment of debt
The Verandas at Shavano, San Antonio, TX	2/8/2022	288	65	%	$	53,750	$	23,652	$	12,961	$	25,100	$	—	$	—
Retreat at Cinco Ranch, San Antonio, TX	6/14/2022	268	75	%	68,300		30,595		17,378		30,096		1,257		686
The Vive, Kannapolis, NC	6/30/2022	312	65	%	91,250		47,086		22,720		31,420		1,631		787
Waters Edge, Columbia, SC	8/31/2022	204	80	%	$	32,400	$	16,937	$	11,472	$	12,241	573		388
		1,072			$	245,700	$	118,270	$	64,531	$	98,857	$	3,461	$	1,861

Acquisition of Interest in Joint Venture

On March 10, 2022, the Company purchased a 17.45% interest in a planned 240-unit development property, Stono Oaks, located in Johns Island, SC. The purchase price for the interest was $3,500,000. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company funded a $122,000 capital call for this joint venture.

Note 8 – Debt Obligations

Debt obligations consist of the following (dollars in thousands):

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Mortgages payable	$	427,159	$	407,958
Junior subordinated notes	37,400		37,400
Credit facility (1)	—		19,000
Deferred financing costs	(4,486)		(4,941)
Total debt obligations, net of deferred costs	$	460,073	$	459,417

__________________________________________

(1) Excludes $342,000 of deferred financing costs which are reflected in other assets at September 30, 2023.

Mortgages Payable

At September 30, 2023, the weighted average interest rate on the Company's mortgage payables was 4.02% and the weighted average remaining term to maturity is 7.3 years. For the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, interest expense, which includes amortization of deferred financing costs, was $4,774,000 and $4,423,000, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, interest expense, which includes amortization of deferred financing costs, was $14,063,000 and $8,749,000, respectively.

On February 24, 2023, the Company obtained mortgage debt of $21,173,000 on its Silvana Oaks - North Charleston, SC multi-family property; such mortgage debt matures in March 2033, bears an interest rate of 4.45% and is interest only for the term of the mortgage.

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.Credit Facility

The Company's amended credit facility with an affiliate of Valley National Bank ("VNB"), allows the Company to borrow, subject to compliance with borrowing base requirements and other conditions, up to $60,000,000. The facility can be used to facilitate the acquisition of multi-family properties, repay mortgage debt secured by multi-family properties and for operating expenses (i.e.,working capital (including dividend payments)); provided that no more than $25,000,000 may be used for operating expenses. The facility is secured by the cash available at VNB and the Company's pledge of the interests in the entities that own the properties and matures in September 2025.

On August 28, 2023, the facility was amended to convert the index on which interest on the credit facility is calculated from the prime rate to SOFR and to adjust the interest rate floor. After giving effect to the amendment, the interest rate on the credit facility, which adjusts monthly and is subject to a floor of 6.0%, equals one-month term SOFR plus 250 basis points. The interest rate in effect as of September 30, 2023 is 7.81%. There is an unused facility fee of 0.25% per annum on the total amount committed by VNB and unused by the Company. At September 30, 2023, the Company is in compliance in all material respects with its obligations under the facility.

At September 30, 2023, there was no outstanding balance on the facility and at December 31, 2022, the outstanding balance was $19,000,000. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, $60,000,000 and $41,000,000, respectively, was available to be borrowed. At November 1, 2023, there was no outstanding balance on the facility and $60,000,000 available to be borrowed. Interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, which includes amortization of deferred financing costs and unused fees, was $91,000 and $227,000, respectively. Interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, which includes amortization of deferred financing costs and unused fees, was $482,000 and $334,000, respectively. Deferred financing costs of $342,000 and $498,000, are recorded on the Consolidated balance sheets at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Junior Subordinated Notes

At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the outstanding principal balance of the Company's junior subordinated notes was $37,400,000, before deferred financing costs of $262,000 and $277,000, respectively. The interest rate on outstanding balance resets quarterly and is equal to three month term SOFR + 2.26%. The interest rate in effect at September 30, 2023 and 2022 was 7.63% and 4.78%, respectively. The interest rate that will be in effect for the three months beginning October 31, 2023 is 7.65%. The notes mature April 30, 2036.

The junior subordinated notes require interest only payments through the maturity date of April 30, 2036, at which time repayment of the outstanding principal and unpaid interest become due. Interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, which includes amortization of deferred financing costs, was $716,000 and $413,000, respectively. Interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, which includes amortization of deferred financing costs, was $2,032,000 and $911,000, respectively.

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Note 9 – Related Party Transactions

The Company has retained certain of its executive officers and Fredric H. Gould, a director, among other things, to participate in the Company's multi-family property analysis and approval process (which includes service on an investment committee), provide investment advice, and provide long-term planning and consulting with executives and employees with respect to other business matters, as required. The aggregate fees incurred for these services in each of the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were $385,000 and $367,000, respectively, and $1,155,000 and $1,101,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Management of certain properties owned by the Company and certain joint venture properties is provided by Majestic Property Management Corp. ("Majestic Property"), a company wholly owned by Fredric H. Gould. Certain of the Company's officers and directors are also officers and directors of Majestic Property. Majestic Property may also provide real estate brokerage and construction supervision services to these properties. These fees amounted to $17,000 and $9,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively and $33,000 and $28,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Pursuant to a shared services agreement between the Company and several affiliated entities, including Gould Investors

L.P. ("Gould Investors"), the owner and operator of a diversified portfolio of real estate and other assets, and One Liberty Properties, Inc., a NYSE listed equity REIT, (i) the services of the part- time personnel that perform certain executive, administrative, legal, accounting and clerical functions and (ii) certain facilities and other resources, are provided to the Company. The allocation of expenses for the facilities, personnel and other resources shared by, among others, the Company and Gould Investors, is computed in accordance with such agreement and is included in general and administrative expense on the consolidated statements of operations. During the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, allocated general and administrative expenses reimbursed by the Company to Gould Investors pursuant to the shared services agreement aggregated $141,000 and $183,000, respectively and $478,000 and $614,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Jeffrey A. Gould and Matthew J. Gould, executive officers and directors of the Company are executive officers of Georgetown Partners, LLC, the managing general partner of Gould Investors.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, in connection with its stock repurchase program, the Company purchased from Mitchell Gould, an Executive Vice President, 50,000 shares of Company common stock at a total cost of $1,008,000, at the closing price of the common stock on the date the parties agreed to the transaction.

Note 10 – Fair Value Measurements

The Company estimates the fair value of financial assets and liabilities based on the framework established in fair value accounting guidance. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (an exit price). The hierarchy described below prioritizes inputs to the valuation techniques used in measuring the fair value of assets and liabilities. This hierarchy maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring the most observable inputs to be used when available. The hierarchy is broken down into three levels based on the reliability of inputs as follows:

• Level 1 – inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets and liabilities in active markets

• Level 2— inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

• Level 3— inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to fair value.

Financial Instruments Not Carried at Fair Value

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets:

Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable (included in other assets), accounts payable and accrued liabilities: The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheets for these instruments approximate their fair value due to the short term nature of these accounts.

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Junior subordinated notes: At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the estimated fair value of the notes is lower than their carrying value by approximately $3,668,000 and $4,695,000, respectively, based on a market interest rate of 8.52% and 7.91%, respectively. The Company values its junior subordinated notes using a discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each instrument.

Mortgages payable: At September 30, 2023, the estimated fair value of the Company’s mortgages payable is lower than their carrying value by approximately $50,853,000, assuming market interest rates between 5.59% and 6.94%. At December 31, 2022, the estimated fair value of the Company's mortgages payable was lower than their carrying value by approximately $37,500,000, assuming market interest rates between 5.18% and 6.23%. Market interest rates were determined using rates which the Company believes reflects institutional lender yield requirements at the balance sheet dates. The Company values its mortgages payable using a discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each instrument.

Considerable judgment is necessary to interpret market data and develop estimated fair value. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value. The fair value of debt obligations are considered to be Level 2 valuations within the fair value hierarchy.

Note 11 – Commitments and Contingencies

From time to time, the Company and/or its subsidiaries are parties to legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business, and in particular, personal injury claims involving the operations of the Company's properties. Although management believes that the primary and umbrella insurance coverage maintained with respect to such properties is sufficient to cover claims for compensatory damages, many of these personal injury claims also assert claims for exemplary (i.e punitive) damages. Generally, insurance does not cover claims for exemplary damages.

The Company is one of several defendants in a wrongful death lawsuit seeking an unspecified amount in excess of $1,000,000 and an unspecified amount of exemplary damages. The Company’s primary insurance carrier is defending the claim. The Company and certain other defendants have agreed to settle this lawsuit for approximately $325,000; the settlement remains subject to, among other things, the execution of certain additional documentation and court approval. This settlement amount will be fully funded by the Company’s insurance carrier.

Note 12 – Subsequent Events

Subsequent events have been evaluated and any significant events, relative to our consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2023, that warrant additional disclosure, have been included in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the "Quarterly Report"), together with other statements and information publicly disseminated by us, contains certain forward looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and include this statement for purposes of complying with these safe harbor provisions. Forward-looking statements relate to expectations, beliefs, projections, future plans and strategies, anticipated events or trends concerning matters that are not historical facts. Forward looking statements are generally identifiable by use of words such as "may," "will," "will likely result," "shall," "should," "could," "believe," "expect," "intend," "anticipate," "estimate," "project," "apparent," "experiencing," or similar expressions or variations thereof.

Forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report are based on our beliefs, assumptions and expectations of our future performance taking into account the information currently available to us. These beliefs, assumptions and expectations can change as a result of many possible events or factors, not all of which are known to us or within our control, and which could materially affect actual results, performance or achievements. Factors which may cause actual results to vary from our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:

•the forfeiture of BRT's deposit with respect to the purchase of a multi-family property in Richmond, VA;

•inability to generate sufficient cash flows due to unfavorable economic and market conditions (e.g., inflation, volatile interest rates and the possibility of a recession), changes in supply and/or demand, competition, uninsured losses, changes in tax and housing laws or other factors;

•adverse changes in real estate markets, including, but not limited to, the extent of future demand for multifamily units in our significant markets, barriers of entry into new markets which we may seek to enter in the future, limitations on our ability to increase or collect rental rates, competition, our ability to identify and consummate attractive acquisitions and dispositions on favorable terms, and our ability to reinvest sale proceeds in a manner that generates favorable returns;

•general and local real estate conditions, including any changes in the value of our real estate;

•decreasing rental rates or increasing vacancy rates;

•challenges in acquiring properties (including challenges in buying properties directly without the participation of joint venture partners and the limited number of multi-family property acquisition opportunities available to us), which acquisitions may not be completed or may not produce the cash flows or income expected;

•the competitive environment in which we operate, including competition that could adversely affect our ability to acquire properties and/or limit our ability to lease apartments or increase or maintain rental rates;

•exposure to risks inherent in investments in a single industry and sector;

•the concentration of our multi-family properties in the Southeastern United States and Texas, which makes us more susceptible to adverse developments in those markets;

•increases in expenses over which we have limited control, such as real estate taxes, insurance costs and utilities, due to inflation and other factors;

•impairment in the value of real estate we own;

•failure of property managers to properly manage properties;

•accessibility of debt and equity capital markets;

•disagreements with, or misconduct by, joint venture partners;

•inability to obtain financing at favorable rates, if at all, or refinance existing debt as it matures;

•level and volatility of interest or capitalization rates or capital market conditions;

20

•extreme weather and natural disasters such as hurricanes, tornadoes and floods;

•lack of or insufficient amounts of insurance to cover, among other things, losses from catastrophes;

•risks associated with acquiring value-add multi-family properties, which involves greater risks than more conservative approaches;

•the condition of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, which could adversely impact us;

•changes in Federal, state and local governmental laws and regulations, including laws and regulations relating to taxes and real estate and related investments;

•our failure to comply with laws, including those requiring access to our properties by disabled persons, which could result in substantial costs;

•board determinations as to timing and payment of dividends, if any, and our ability or willingness to pay future dividends;

•our ability to satisfy the complex rules required to maintain our qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes;

•possible environmental liabilities, including costs, fines or penalties that may be incurred due to necessary remediation of contamination of properties presently owned or previously owned by us or a subsidiary owned by us or acquired by us;

•our dependence on information systems and risks associated with breaches of such systems;

•disease outbreaks and other public health events, and measures that are taken by federal, state, and local governmental authorities in response to such outbreaks and events;

•impact of climate change on our properties or operations;

•risks associated with the stock ownership restrictions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code") for REITs and the stock ownership limit imposed by our charter; and

•the other factors described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (the "Annual Report") including those set forth in such report under the captions "Item 1. Business," "Item 1A. Risk Factors," and "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations".

We caution you not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this report. Except to the extent otherwise required by applicable law or regulation, we undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the filing of this report or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events thereafter.

Overview

We are an internally managed real estate investment trust, also known as a REIT, that owns, operates and, to a lesser extent, holds interests in joint ventures that own and operate multi-family properties. At September 30, 2023, we: (i) wholly-own 21 multi-family properties with an aggregate of 5,420 units and a carrying value of $638.2 million; (ii) have ownership interests, through unconsolidated entities, in seven multi-family properties with 2,287 units and a carrying value of $30.9 million; and (iii) own other assets, through consolidated and unconsolidated subsidiaries, with a carrying value of $5.4 million. The 28 properties are located in 11 states; most of the properties are located in the Southeast United States and Texas.

Challenges and Uncertainties as a Result of the Uncertain Economic Environment

As more fully described in (i) our Annual Report, and in particular, the sections thereof entitled "Risk Factors" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and (ii) below, we face challenges (e.g., inflation, rising interest rates and decelerating increases in rental rates) due to the uncertain economic environment which may limit our ability or willingness (i) to acquire (or complete the acquisition of previously contracted for) properties, (ii) grow rental income or (iii) control our real estate operating expenses, some of which, such as real estate tax and insurance expense, we have a very limited ability to control.

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Proposed Purchase of Richmond, VA Property

On March 8, 2023, we entered into an agreement to acquire a 238-unit multifamily property constructed in 2019 and located in Richmond, VA, for a purchase price of approximately $62.5 million. The purchase price includes the assumption of approximately $32 million of mortgage debt bearing an interest rate of 3.34% and maturing in 2061. The purchase is subject to the satisfaction of various conditions, including the approval by the mortgage lender of our assumption of the mortgage debt. As of September 30, 2023, there is a $1.3 million deposit on this property, which we will forfeit if we do not, with certain exceptions, complete this acquisition. To complete this purchase, we anticipate that we will have to draw on our credit facility which, at November 1, 2023, bears an interest rate of approximately 7.82% or obtain mortgage financing from our unencumbered properties. There is uncertainty as to whether this transaction will be completed.

Share repurchases

In August 2023, the Board of Directors increased the Company's share repurchase program by an additional approximate $6.7 million of shares to $10 million of shares of common stock.

During the quarter ended September 30, 2023, we repurchased 264,165 shares of common stock at an average price of $18.74 for an aggregate cost of $4.9 million. From October 1 through October 31, 2023, we repurchased 98,014 shares of our common stock at an average price of $17.23 per share for an aggregate cost of $1.7 million. After giving effect to these repurchases, we are authorized to repurchase up to $4.3 million of additional shares of our common stock.

We anticipate that due to the uncertain acquisition environment, and the current price of our common stock, that, in the near term, we may continue to repurchase our common stock.

Activities During the Three Months Ended September 30, 2023

On August 28, 2023, our credit facility was amended to convert the index on which interest is calculated from the prime rate to SOFR and to adjust the interest rate floor. After giving effect to the amendment, the interest rate on the credit facility, which adjusts monthly and is subject to a floor of 6.0%, equals one-month term SOFR plus 250 basis points. The interest rate in effect as of September 30, 2023 is 7.81% and at such date we were in compliance in all material respects with our obligations under the facility.

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Results of Operations

Three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to three months ended September 30, 2022.

As used herein, the term "same store properties" refers to operating properties that were wholly owned for the entirety of the periods presented. For the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, there were 11 same store properties in our consolidated portfolio. As used in the comparison of the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the term "Partner Buyouts" refers to our purchase in 2022 of the interests of our joint venture partners at five properties during the three months ended September 30, 2022. See note 5 - Real Estate Properties - to our consolidated financial statements.

Revenues

The following table compares our revenues for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands):	2023		2022		Increase (Decrease)		% Change
Rental and other revenue from real estate properties	$	23,510	$	21,691	$	1,819	8.4	%
Other income	342		6		336		N/M
Total revenues	$	23,852	$	21,697	$	2,155	9.9	%

Rental and other revenue from real estate properties

The increase was due to:

•$1.4 million from the Partner Buyouts, and

•$723,000 from same store properties primarily due to an increase in rental rates across most of the portfolio.

The increase was offset by a $291,000 decrease due to a decline in occupancy rates across most of the portfolio (including an aggregate of $144,000 at Verandas at Alamo Ranch - San Antonio, TX ("Alamo Ranch") and at Bells Bluff - West Nashville, TN ("Bells Bluff), due primarily, with respect to the former, to a tightening of the tenant screening process, and with respect to the latter, to increased supply in its market and a change in market demand for certain apartment types).

Other Income

The increase in the current three month period ended September 2023, is primarily due to the impact of rising interest rates on our cash balances.

Expenses

The following table compares our expenses for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2023		2022		Increase (Decrease)		% Change
Real estate operating expenses	$	10,583	$	9,195	$	1,388	15.1	%
Interest expense	5,581		5,061		520		10.3	%
General and administrative	4,017		3,673		344		9.4	%
Depreciation and amortization	6,544		8,165		(1,621)		(19.9)	%
Total expenses	$	26,725	$	26,094	$	631	2.4	%

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Real estate operating expense.

The change is due to the following increases:

•$878,000 from same store properties, including:

–$447,000 due to the master insurance program implemented in December 2022;

–$238,000 due to general cost increases across various expense categories and properties; and

–$193,000 due to repairs and maintenance and replacements due to general cost increases and increased unit turns.

•$476,000 from the Partner Buyouts.

Interest expense.

The increase is due to:

•$303,000 due to a 318 basis point increase on the interest rate on our junior subordinated debt; and

•$265,000 from the Partner Buyouts.

The increase was offset by a $134,000 decline in interest expense due to a reduction in the balance outstanding on our credit facility.

General and administrative

The increase is due primarily to a $320,000 increase in compensation expense - specifically, increases of:

•$180,000 due to the inclusion, for the entire three months ended September 30, 2023, of the amortization expense related to the performance and market based restricted stock units (the "RSUs") granted in June 2023; and

•$123,000 of other components of compensation expense, including $70,000 related to the amortization of restricted stock granted in January 2023.

Depreciation and amortization

The decrease is due primarily to a $1.6 million decline due to reduced depreciation related to lease intangibles from properties that were subject to the Partner Buyouts in 2022.

Gain on Sale of Real Estate

In the three months ended September 30, 2023, we sold a cooperative apartment in New York for a sales price of $785,000 and recognized a gain of $604,000 on the sale.

Insurance recovery of casualty loss

During the quarter ended September 30, 2023, we received $261,000 in insurance proceeds (in addition to $215,000 previously received) as reimbursement for expenses incurred related to a winter storm in December 2022. There was no similar recovery in the corresponding 2022 period.

Income tax provision (benefit)

Income tax provision (benefit) in the quarter ended September 30, 2023, decreased $300,000 to a benefit of $122,000 from an expense of $178,000 in the corresponding quarter in the prior year. The change is primarily the result of the reversal of previously accrued expense and the anticipated receipt of refunds from the 2022 tax year.

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Unconsolidated Joint Ventures - Results of Operations

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated joint ventures.

The table below reflects the condensed income statements of our Unconsolidated Properties. In accordance with US generally accepted accounting principles, each of the line items in the chart below (other than equity in income (loss) of unconsolidated joint ventures and equity in earnings from sale of unconsolidated joint ventures) is presented as if these properties are wholly owned by us although our equity interests in these properties ranges from 32% to 80% (see note 7 of our consolidated financial statements) (dollars in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		Increase  (Decrease)		% change
Rental and other revenues from unconsolidated joint ventures	$	10,636	$	13,502	$	(2,866)	(21.2)	%
Real estate operating expense from unconsolidated joint ventures	5,023		6,512		(1,489)		(22.9)	%
Interest expense from unconsolidated joint ventures	2,212		2,843		(631)		(22.2)	%
Depreciation from unconsolidated joint ventures	2,568		3,113		(545)		(17.5)	%
Total expenses from unconsolidated joint ventures	9,803		12,468		(2,665)		(21.4)	%
Total revenues less total expenses from unconsolidated joint ventures	833		1,034		(201)		(19.4)	%
Other equity earnings	3		12		(9)		(75.0)	%
Gain on sale of real estate from unconsolidated joint ventures	—		16,937		(16,937)		(100.0)	%
Loss on extinguishment of debt from unconsolidated joint ventures	—		(573)		573		(100.0)	%
Net income from unconsolidated joint ventures	$	836	$	17,410	$	(16,574)	(95.2)	%
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated joint ventures and equity in earnings from sale of unconsolidated joint venture properties	$	426	$	11,607	$	(11,181)	(96.3)	%

Set forth below is an explanation of the most significant changes in the components of the equity in earnings of unconsolidated joint ventures and equity in earnings from sale of unconsolidated joint venture properties. Same store properties at Unconsolidated Properties represent seven properties that were owned for the entirety of the periods being compared.

Rental and other revenues from unconsolidated joint ventures

The components of the decrease include:

•$1.9 million from the sale of the Chatham Court and Reflections property - Dallas, TX ("Chatham Sale") in 2023;

•$963,000 from Partner Buyouts; and

•$532,000 primarily from the sale of the Waters Edge property-Columbia, SC. ("Waters Edge Sale") 2022.

Offsetting the decrease was a $499,000 increase from same store properties due to increased rental rates, net of the impact of a decrease in occupancy rates.

Real estate operating expenses from unconsolidated joint ventures

The components of the decrease are:

•$954,000 from the Chatham Sale.

•$621,000 primarily from the Waters Edge Sale; and

•$431,000 from the Partner Buyouts.

Offsetting this decrease was a $517,000 increase in such expenses at same store properties due primarily to increased real estate taxes, including the inclusion, in the corresponding period of the prior year, of the receipt of a $152,000 tax refund and, to a lesser extent, increases in personnel costs, utilities and insurance expense.

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Interest expense from unconsolidated joint ventures.

The decrease is due to the decrease in mortgage debt due to property sales and the Partner Buyouts-in particular:

•$269,000 from the Chatham Sale;

•$232,000 from the Partner Buyouts; and

•$92,000 from the Waters Edge Sale.

Depreciation from unconsolidated joint ventures

The components of the decrease include:

•$272,000 from the Partner Buyouts;

•$262,000 from the Chatham Sale; and

•$272,000 from the Waters Edge Sale.

Loss on extinguishment of debt from unconsolidated joint ventures

In the three months ended September 30, 2022, we recognized a loss on the early extinguishment of debt of $573,000 in connection with the Waters Edge sale. There was no similar loss in the 2023 corresponding period.

Gain on sale of real estate from unconsolidated joint ventures

In three months ended September 30, 2022, we recognized a gain on the sale of real estate of $16.9 million from the Waters Edge sale. There was no similar gain in the 2023 corresponding period.

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Results of Operations

Nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to nine months ended September 30, 2022.

As used herein, the term "same store properties" refers to operating properties that were wholly owned for the entirety of the periods presented. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, there were ten same store properties in our consolidated portfolio. As used in the comparison of the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the term "Partner Buyouts" refers to our purchase in 2022 of the interests of our joint venture partners at 11 properties.

Revenues

The following table compares our revenues for the periods indicated:

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands):	2023		2022		Increase (Decrease)		% Change
Rental and other revenue from real estate properties	$	69,704	$	47,804	$	21,900	45.8	%
Other income	405		12		393		3,275.0	%
Total revenues	$	70,109	$	47,816	$	22,293	46.6	%

Rental and other revenue from real estate properties

The increase was due to:

•$20.3 million from the Partner Buyouts, and

•$2.3 million at same store properties due to an increase in average rental rates.

The increase was offset by a $799,000 decrease due to a decline in occupancy rates at same store properties, including $262,000 at Bells Bluff which experienced a decline in occupancy due to increased supply in the market and a change in market demand for certain unit types.

Other Income

The increase in the three months ended September 2023, is primarily due to the impact of rising interest rates on our cash balances.

Expenses

The following table compares our expenses for the periods indicated:

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)	2023		2022		Increase (Decrease)		% Change
Real estate operating expenses	$	31,565	$	20,296	$	11,269	55.5	%
Interest expense	16,577		9,994		6,583		65.9	%
General and administrative	11,920		10,839		1,081		10.0	%
Depreciation and amortization	22,095		16,781		5,314		31.7	%
Total expenses	$	82,157	$	57,910	$	24,247	41.9	%

Real estate operating expense.

The change is due to the following increases:

•$9.6 million from the Partner Buyouts, and

•$1.6 million from same store properties, including an approximate:

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–$633,000 in insurance expense due to the implementation, in December 2022, of the master insurance program;

–$399,000 of repair, maintenance and replacements (including $116,000 related to expenses related to the December 2022 blizzard);

–$393,000 of various miscellaneous expenses across the portfolio; and

–$213,000 increase in utility expense, including approximately $102,000 at Bells Bluff, primarily due to a water leak.

Interest expense.

The change is due to increases of:

•$5.3 million from the Partner Buyouts;

•$1.1 million due to an increase on the interest rate on our junior subordinated debt; and

•$150,000 primarily due to increases in unused credit facility fees and deferred fee amortization related to our credit facility.

General and administrative

The increase is due primarily to a $1.1 million increase in compensation expense - specifically, increases of:

•$396,000 due to the inclusion, for the entire nine months ended September 30, 2023, of the amortization expense related to the RSUs granted in June 2022;

•$314,000 due to the amortization expense related to restricted stock, including an increase of $287,000 related to the restricted stock granted in January 2023 as a result of the higher fair value of the shares granted in 2023 in comparison to the value of the restricted stock granted in 2018;

•$219,000 in salaries and other components of cash compensation, due to higher levels of compensation and, to a lesser extent, an increase in the number of employees; and

•$181,000 due to the inclusion of amortization expense related to the RSU's granted in June 2023.

Depreciation and amortization

The increase is due primarily to $7.4 million from the Partner Buyouts, offset by a $2.1 million decline due to reduced depreciation related to lease intangibles.

Insurance recovery of casualty loss

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we received $604,000 in insurance proceeds as reimbursement for expenses incurred related to a winter storm in December 2022. There was no similar recovery in the corresponding 2022 period.

Gain on insurance recoveries

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we received a $240,000 payment, representing the final payment made by the insurance carrier with respect to damage we sustained at The Woodland Apartments - Boerne, TX in 2021.

Income tax provision

Income tax provision for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, decreased $971,000 to $5,000 from $976,000 in the corresponding period of the prior year. The decline is primarily the result of increased state tax provision recorded in the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the result of higher gains that were reported from the sale of properties by unconsolidated joint ventures.

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Unconsolidated Joint Ventures - Results of Operations

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated joint ventures.

The table below reflects the condensed income statements of our Unconsolidated Properties. In accordance with US generally accepted accounting principles, each of the line items in the chart below (other than equity in income (loss) of unconsolidated joint ventures and equity in earnings from sale of unconsolidated joint ventures) is presented as if these properties are wholly owned by us although our equity interests in these properties ranges from 32% to 80% (see note 7 of our consolidated financial statements) (dollars in thousands):

	Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		Increase  (Decrease)		% change
Rental and other revenues from unconsolidated joint ventures	$	34,244	$	60,840	$	(26,596)	(43.7)	%
Real estate operating expense from unconsolidated joint ventures	15,835		27,523		(11,688)		(42.5)	%
Interest expense from unconsolidated joint ventures	7,057		13,762		(6,705)		(48.7)	%
Depreciation from unconsolidated joint ventures	7,833		14,957		(7,124)		(47.6)	%
Total expenses from unconsolidated joint ventures	30,725		56,242		(25,517)		(45.4)	%
Total revenues less total expenses from unconsolidated joint ventures	3,519		4,598		(1,079)		(23.5)	%
Other equity earnings	119		89		30		33.7	%
Gain on insurance recoveries from unconsolidated joint ventures	65		567		(502)		(88.5)	%
Gain on sale of real estate from unconsolidated joint ventures	38,418		118,270		(79,852)		(67.5)	%
Loss on extinguishment of debt from unconsolidated joint ventures	(561)		(3,491)		2,930		(83.9)	%
Net income from unconsolidated joint ventures	$	41,560	$	120,033	$	(78,473)	(65.4)	%
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated joint ventures and equity in earnings from sale of unconsolidated joint venture properties	$	16,449	$	65,846	$	(49,397)	(75.0)	%

Set forth below is an explanation of the most significant changes in the components of the equity in earnings of unconsolidated joint ventures and equity in earnings from sale of unconsolidated joint venture properties. Same store properties at Unconsolidated Properties represent seven properties that were owned for the entirety of the periods being compared.

Rental and other revenues from unconsolidated joint ventures

The components of the decrease include:

•$18.4 million from the Partner Buyouts;

•$7.6 million from the sale in 2022 of four properties (i.e., Verandas at Shavano - San Antonio, TX , Retreat at Cinco Ranch Katy, TX ,The Vive - Kannapolis, NC , and Waters Edge at Harbison - Columbia, SC ; collectively (the "2022 Sales"); and

•$2.4 million from the Chatham Sale.

Offsetting the decrease was a $1.9 million increase from same store properties due to increased rental rates, net of the impact of a decrease in occupancy rates.

Real estate operating expenses from unconsolidated joint ventures

The components of the decrease are:

•$7.8 million from the Partner Buyouts;

•$4.1 million from the 2022 Sales; and

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•$1.2 million from the Chatham Sale.

Offsetting this decrease was a $1.4 million increase in such expenses at same store properties, particularly with respect to real estate taxes, utilities, insurance and payroll.

Interest expense from unconsolidated joint ventures.

The decrease is due to the decrease in mortgage debt due to property sales and the Partner Buyouts-in particular:

•$4.5 million from the Partner Buyouts;

•$1.8 million from the 2022 Sales; and

•$364,000 from the Chatham Sale.

Depreciation from unconsolidated joint ventures

The components of the decrease include:

•$5.1 million from the Partner Buyouts;

•$1.2 million from the 2022 Sales properties; and

•$615,000 from the Chatham Sale.

Gain on insurance recoveries from unconsolidated joint ventures

During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recognized $567,000 in gains primarily due to our receipt of insurance recoveries from claims on two properties located in Texas that were damaged in a February 2021 ice storm, which receipts exceeded the assets previously written off. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized a small gain from insurance recoveries related to a claim at a property.

Gain on sale of real estate from unconsolidated joint ventures

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized a gain on the sale of real estate of $38.4 million from the Chatham Sale. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recognized gain on the sale of real estate of $118.3 million from the sale of four properties.

Loss on extinguishment of debt from unconsolidated joint ventures

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized a loss on the early extinguishment of debt of $561,000 in connection with the Chatham Sale. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recognized a loss on early extinguishment of debt of $3.5 million in connection with the sale of four properties.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

We require funds to pay operating expenses and debt service obligations, acquire properties, make capital and other improvements, fund capital contributions, pay dividends and repurchase our common stock. Generally, our primary sources of capital and liquidity are the operations of our multi-family properties (including distributions from the operations of our multi-family joint ventures), mortgage debt financings and re-financings, the sale/issuance of shares of our common stock pursuant to our at-the-market equity distribution and dividend reinvestment program, borrowings from our credit facility and our available cash. At November 1, 2023, our available liquidity was $81.7 million, including $21.7 million of cash and cash equivalents and $60 million available under our credit facility.

We anticipate that from October 1, 2023 through December 31, 2026, our operating expenses, $105.3 million of mortgage amortization and interest expense (including $38.4 million from unconsolidated joint ventures), $15.4 million and $118.1 million of balloon payments with respect to mortgages maturing in 2025 and 2026, respectively (including $48.6 million maturing in 2026 from unconsolidated joint ventures), estimated capital expenditures (for 2023 only) of $2.7 million (including an estimated $785,000 for our value add program), interest expense on our junior subordinated notes, estimated cash dividend payments of at least $65.2 million (assuming (i) the current quarterly dividend rate of $0.25 per share and (ii) 18.6 million shares outstanding), will be funded from cash generated from operations (including distributions from unconsolidated joint ventures), property sales, obtaining mortgage debt financing on unencumbered properties and, to the extent available, our credit facility. Our operating cash flow and available cash is insufficient to fully fund the $133.5 million of balloon payments due through 2026, and if we are unable to refinance such debt on acceptable terms, we may need to issue additional equity or dispose of properties, in each case on potentially unfavorable terms.

Our ability to acquire additional multi-family properties and implement value-add projects is limited by our available cash and our ability to (i) draw on our credit facility, (ii) obtain, on acceptable terms, mortgage debt from lenders, and (iii) raise capital from the sale of our common stock. See - "Proposed Purchase of Richmond Property".

At September 30, 2023, we had mortgage debt of $672.6 million (including $243.9 million of mortgage principal debt of our unconsolidated subsidiaries). The mortgage debt at our: (i) consolidated subsidiaries had a weighted average interest rate of 4.02% and a weighted average remaining term to maturity of approximately 7.3 years, and (ii) at our unconsolidated subsidiaries had a weighted average interest rate of 4.25% and a remaining term to maturity of approximately 5.3 years.

Capital improvements at (i) two unconsolidated multi-family properties will be funded by approximately $769,000 of restricted cash available at September 30, 2023 and the cash flow from operations at such properties and (ii) other properties will be funded from the cash flow from operations of such properties.

Junior Subordinated Notes

As of September 30, 2023, $37.4 million (excluding deferred costs of $262,000) in principal amount of our junior subordinated notes is outstanding. These notes mature in April 2036, contain limited covenants (including covenants prohibiting us from paying dividends or repurchasing capital stock if there is an event of default (as defined therein) on these notes), are redeemable at our option and bear an interest rate, which resets and is payable quarterly, at a rate of three-month term SOFR plus 250 basis points. At September 30, 2023 and 2022, the interest rate on these notes was 7.63% and 4.78%, respectively. The interest rate that will be in effect for the three months ending January 31, 2024 is 7.65%%.

Credit Facility

Our credit facility with VNB New York, LLC, an affiliate of Valley National Bank (collectively, "VNB"), allows us to borrow, subject to compliance with borrowing base requirements and other conditions, up to $60 million, (i) for the acquisition of, and investment in, multi-family properties, (ii) to repay mortgage debt secured by multi-family properties and (iii) for Operating Expenses (i.e., working capital (including dividend payments) and operating expenses); provided, that not more than $25 million may be used for Operating Expenses. The credit facility is secured by cash accounts maintained by us at VNB (and we are required to maintain substantially all of our bank accounts at VNB), and the pledge of our interests in the entities that own the unencumbered multi-family properties used in calculating the borrowing base. The credit facility bears an annual interest rate, which resets monthly, equal to the one-month term SOFR plus 250 basis points, with a floor of 6.00%. The interest rate in effect as of September 30, 2023 was 7.81%. There is an annual fee of 0.25% on the total amount committed by VNB and unused by us. The credit facility matures in September 2025. Net proceeds received from the sale, financing or refinancing of our properties are generally required to be used to repay amounts outstanding on the facility. As of November 1, 2023, there was no outstanding balance on the credit facility and $60 million is available to be borrowed thereunder. The interest rate in effect at November 1, 2023 is 7.82%

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The terms of the credit facility include certain restrictions and covenants which, among other things, limit the incurrence of liens, require that we maintain and include in the collateral securing the facility at least three unencumbered properties with an aggregate value(as calculated pursuant to the facility) of at least $75 million, and require compliance with financial ratios relating to, among other things, maintaining a minimum tangible net worth of $140 million, the minimum amount of debt service coverage with respect to the properties (and amounts drawn on the credit facility) used in calculating the borrowing base. Net proceeds received from the sale, financing or refinancing of wholly-owned properties are generally required to be used to repay amounts outstanding under the credit facility.

At September 30, 2023, we were in compliance in all material respects with the requirements of the facility.

Other Financing Sources and Arrangements

At September 30, 2023, we are joint venture partners in unconsolidated joint ventures which own seven multi-family properties and a development project, and the distributions to us from these joint venture properties of $1.4 million in the quarter ended September 30, 2023 contributed to our liquidity and cash flow. Further, we may be required to make significant capital contributions with respect to these properties. At September 30, 2023, these joint venture properties have a net-equity carrying value of $30.9 million and are subject to mortgage debt, which is not reflected on our consolidated balance sheet, of $242.8 million. Although BRT Apartments Corp. is not the obligor with respect to such mortgage debt, the loss of any of these properties due to mortgage foreclosure or similar proceedings would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. See note 7 to our consolidated financial statements.

Cash Distribution Policy

We have elected to be treated as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, which we refer to as the “Code.” To qualify as a REIT, we must meet a number of organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that we distribute to our stockholders within the time frames prescribed by the Code at least 90% of our ordinary taxable income. Management currently intends to maintain our REIT status. As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to corporate Federal income tax on taxable income we distribute to stockholders in accordance with the Code. If we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will be subject to Federal income taxes at regular corporate rates and may not be able to qualify as a REIT for four subsequent tax years. Even if we qualify for Federal taxation as a REIT, we are subject to certain state and local taxes on our income and to Federal income and excise taxes on undistributed taxable income (i.e., taxable income not distributed in the amounts and in the time frames prescribed by the Code).

On October 11, 2023, we paid a quarterly cash dividend of $0.25 per share.

We carefully monitor our discretionary spending. Our largest recurring discretionary expenditure has been our quarterly dividend (which was $0.25 per share of common stock, or in the approximate amount of $4.7 million, for the most recent quarter). Each quarter, our board of directors evaluates the timing and amount of our dividend based on its assessment of, among other things, our short and long- term cash and liquidity requirements, prospects, debt maturities, projections of our REIT taxable income, net income, funds from operations, and adjusted funds from operations.

Application of Critical Accounting Estimates

A complete discussion of our critical accounting estimates is included in our Annual Report. There have been no changes in such estimates.

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Funds from Operations, Adjusted Funds from Operations and Net Operating Income

We disclose below funds from operations (“FFO”), adjusted funds from operations (“AFFO”) and net operating income ("NOI") because we believe that such metrics are a widely recognized and appropriate measure of the performance of an equity REIT.

We compute FFO in accordance with the “White Paper on Funds From Operations” issued by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”) and NAREIT’s related guidance. FFO is defined in the White Paper as net income (calculated in accordance with GAAP), excluding depreciation and amortization related to real estate, gains and losses from the sale of certain real estate assets, gains and losses from change in control, impairment write-downs of certain real estate assets and investments in entities where the impairment is directly attributable to decreases in the value of depreciable real estate held by the entity. Adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures are calculated to reflect funds from operations on the same basis. In computing FFO, we do not add back to net income the amortization of costs in connection with our financing activities or depreciation of non-real estate assets.

We compute AFFO by adjusting FFO for the loss of extinguishment of debt, our straight-line rent accruals, restricted stock and RSU compensation expense, fair value adjustment of mortgage debt, gain on insurance recovery, insurance recovery from casualty loss and deferred mortgage and debt costs ( including, in each case as applicable, from our share from our unconsolidated joint ventures). Since the NAREIT White Paper only provides guidelines for computing FFO, the computation of AFFO may vary from one REIT to another.

We believe that FFO and AFFO are useful and standard supplemental measures of the operating performance for equity REITs and are used frequently by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties in evaluating equity REITs, many of which present FFO and AFFO when reporting their operating results. FFO and AFFO are intended to exclude GAAP historical cost depreciation and amortization of real estate assets, which assumes that the carrying value of real estate assets diminishes predictably over time. In fact, real estate values have historically risen and fallen with market conditions. As a result, we believe that FFO and AFFO provide a performance measure that when compared year over year, should reflect the impact to operations from trends in occupancy rates, rental rates, operating costs, interest costs and other matters without the inclusion of depreciation and amortization, providing a perspective that may not be necessarily apparent from net income. We also consider FFO and AFFO to be useful to us in evaluating potential property acquisitions.

FFO and AFFO do not represent net income or cash flows from operations as defined by GAAP. FFO and AFFO should not be considered to be an alternative to net income as a reliable measure of our operating performance; nor should FFO and AFFO be considered an alternative to cash flows from operating, investing or financing activities (as defined by GAAP) as measures of liquidity. FFO and AFFO do not measure whether cash flow is sufficient to fund all of our cash needs, including principal amortization and capital improvements. FFO and AFFO do not represent cash flows from operating, investing or financing activities as defined by GAAP.

Management recognizes that there are limitations in the use of FFO and AFFO. In evaluating our performance, management is careful to examine GAAP measures such as net income and cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities.

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The tables below provides a reconciliation of net loss determined in accordance with GAAP to FFO and AFFO on a dollar and per share basis for each of the indicated periods (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
GAAP Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders	$	(1,494)	$	7,059	$	5,610	$	54,174
Add: depreciation and amortization of properties	6,544		8,165		22,095		16,781
Add: our share of depreciation in unconsolidated joint venture          properties	1,307		1,657		3,985		9,234
Deduct: our share of equity in earnings from sale of unconsolidated               joint venture properties	—		(11,472)		(14,744)		(64,531)
Deduct: gain on sale of real estate	(604)		—		(604)		(6)
Adjustments for non-controlling interests	(4)		(4)		(12)		(12)
NAREIT Funds from operations attributable to common stockholders	5,749		5,405		16,330		15,640
Adjustments for: straight-line rent accruals	24		6		68		18
Add: loss on extinguishment of debt	—		—		—		563
Add: our share of loss on extinguishment of debt from unconsolidated          joint venture properties	—		388		212		1,880
Add: amortization of restricted stock and RSU expense	1,473		1,208		4,076		3,183
Add: amortization of deferred mortgage and debt costs	272		191		799		370
Add: our share of deferred mortgage costs from unconsolidated joint          venture properties	26		33		80		199
Add: amortization of fair value adjustment for mortgage debt	152		—		463		—
Less: gain on insurance recoveries	—		(62)		(240)		(62)
Less: our share of gain on insurance recoveries from unconsolidated           joint venture properties	—		—		(30)		(432)
Adjustments for non-controlling interests	(4)		(1)		(11)		(3)
Adjusted funds from operations attributable to common stockholders	$	7,692	$	7,168	$	21,747	$	21,356

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	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders	$	(0.08)	$	0.37	$	0.28	$	2.91
Add: depreciation and amortization of properties	0.35		0.44		1.17		0.90
Add: our share of depreciation in unconsolidated joint venture          properties	0.07		0.09		0.21		0.50
Deduct: our share of equity in earnings from sale of unconsolidated               joint venture properties	(0.03)		(0.61)		(0.77)		(3.47)
Deduct: gain on sale of real estate	—		—		(0.03)		—
Adjustment for non-controlling interests	—		—		—		—
NAREIT Funds from operations per diluted common share	0.31		0.29		0.86		0.84
Adjustments for: straight line rent accruals	—		—		—		—
Add: loss on extinguishment of debt	—		—		—		0.03
Add: our share of loss on extinguishment of debt from unconsolidated           joint venture properties	—		0.02		0.01		0.10
Add: amortization of restricted stock and RSU expense	0.08		0.06		0.22		0.16
Add: amortization of deferred mortgage and debt costs	0.01		0.01		0.04		0.02
Add: our share of deferred mortgage and debt costs from          unconsolidated joint venture properties	—		—		—		0.01
Add: amortization of fair value adjustment for mortgage debt	0.01		—		0.02		—
Less: gain on insurance recoveries	—		—		(0.01)		—
Less: our share of gain on insurance recoveries from unconsolidated           joint venture properties	—		—		—		(0.02)
Adjustments for non-controlling interests	—		—		—		—
Adjusted funds from operations per diluted common share	$	0.41	$	0.38	$	1.14	$	1.14
Diluted shares outstanding for FFO and AFFO	18,804,874		18,928,648		19,016,032		18,712,740

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

FFO for the three months ended September 30, 2023 increased from the corresponding quarter in the prior year primarily due to:

•a decrease in the early extinguishment of debt; and

•an increase in other income.

The increase was offset primarily by:

•a decrease in operating margins from the 2022 Sales;

•amortization of mortgage fair value adjustments related to Partner Buyouts;

•a decrease in the income tax provision; and

•an increase in non-cash compensation expense related to the amortization of restricted stock and RSUs.

AFFO for the three months ended September 30, 2023 increased from the corresponding period in the prior year, primarily due to the decrease in the income tax provision, the increase in insurance recovery and the increase in other income. The increase was offset by the decrease in operating margins and an increase in interest expense.

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Diluted per share FFO and AFFO were favorably impacted in the three months ended September 30, 2023 by a 124,000 decrease in the current quarter from the corresponding quarter in the prior year in the weighted average shares of common stock outstanding, primarily due to stock buybacks.

See "-Results of Operations - Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 compared to three months ended September 30, 2022", for a discussion of these changes.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

FFO for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 increased from the corresponding period in the prior year primarily due to:

•a decrease in early extinguishment of debt;

•a decrease in income tax provision;

•an increase in insurance recovery from casualty loss; and

•an increase in other income.

The increase was offset primarily by:

•an increase in interest expense;

•an increase in non-cash compensation expense related to the amortization of restricted stock and RSUs;

•an increase in the amortization of fair value mortgage adjustments;

•a decrease in operating margins; and

•a decrease in gain on insurance proceeds.

AFFO for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 increased from the corresponding period in the prior year primarily due to the decrease in income tax expense and the increases in insurance recovery and other income, offset by the increase in interest expense and the decline in operating margins.

Diluted per share FFO and AFFO were negatively impacted in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 by a 303,000 increase in the weighted average shares of common stock outstanding, primarily due to stock issuances pursuant to our at-the market offering, equity incentive program and dividend reinvestment plan, net of stock repurchases.

See "Results of Operations - Nine Months Ended June 30, 2023 compared to nine months ended September\30, 2022", for a discussion of these changes.

Net Operating Income, or NOI, is a non-GAAP measure of performance. NOI is used by our management and many investors to evaluate and compare the performance of our properties to other comparable properties, to determine trends at our properties and to determine the estimated fair value of our properties. The usefulness of NOI may be limited in that it does not take into account, among other things, general and administrative expense, interest expense, loss on extinguishment of debt, casualty losses, insurance recoveries and gains or losses as determined by GAAP. NOI is a property specific performance metric and does not measure our performance as a whole.

We compute NOI, by adjusting net income (loss) to (a) add back (1) depreciation expense, (2) general and administrative expenses, (3) interest expense, (4) loss on extinguishment of debt, (5) equity in earnings (loss) from sale of unconsolidated joint venture properties, (6) provision for taxes, and (7) the impact of non-controlling interests, and (b) deduct (1) other income, (2) gain on sale of real estate, (3) insurance recovery of casualty loss, and (4) gain on insurance recoveries related to casualty loss. Other REIT’s may use different methodologies for calculating NOI, and accordingly, our NOI may not be comparable to other REIT’s. We believe NOI provides an operating perspective not immediately apparent from GAAP operating income or net income (loss). NOI is one of the measures we use to evaluate our performance because it (i) measures the core operations of property performance by excluding corporate level expenses and other items unrelated to property operating performance and (ii) captures trends in rental housing and property operating expenses. However, NOI should only be used as an alternative measure of our financial performance.

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The following table provides a reconciliation of net income attributable to common stockholders as computed in accordance with GAAP to NOI of our consolidated properties for the periods presented (dollars in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		Variance		2023			2022		Variance
GAAP Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders	$	(1,494)	$	7,059	$	(8,553)	$	5,610		$	54,174	$	(48,564)
Less: Other Income	(342)		(6)		(336)		(405)			(12)		(393)
Add: Interest expense	5,581		5,061		520		16,577			9,994		6,583
General and administrative	4,017		3,673		344		11,920			10,839		1,081
Depreciation and amortization	6,544		8,165		(1,621)		22,095			16,781		5,314
Provision for taxes	(122)		178		(300)		5			976		(971)
Less: Gain on sale of real estate	(604)		—		(604)		(604)			(6)		(598)
Equity in earnings from sale of    unconsolidated joint venture properties	—		(11,472)		11,472		(14,744)			(64,531)		49,787
Insurance recovery	(261)		—		(261)		(476)		—	—		(476)
Gain on insurance recoveries	—		(62)		62		(240)			(62)		(178)
Add: Loss on extinguishment of debt	—		—		—		—			563		(563)
Adjust for: Equity in (earnings) loss of            unconsolidated joint venture properties	(426)		(135)		(291)		(1,705)			(1,315)		(390)
Add: Net income attributable to non-controlling interests	34		35		(1)		106			107		(1)
Net Operating Income	$	12,927	$	12,496	$	431	$	38,139		$	27,508	$	10,631
Less: Non-same store Net Operating           Income	4,089		3,253		836		18,696			8,029		10,667
Same store Net Operating Income	$	8,838	$	9,243	$	(405)	$	19,443		$	19,479	$	(36)

For the three months ended September 30, 2023, NOI increased $431,000 from the corresponding period in 2022 primarily due to a $1.8 million increase in rental revenues offset by a $1.4 million increase in real estate operating expenses. The increases in rental revenue and real estate operating expenses were primarily due to the Partner Buyouts. Same store NOI in the three months ended September 30, 2023 decreased by $405,000 from the corresponding period in 2022, due to a $878,000 increase in real estate operating expenses offset by a $473,000 increase in rental revenues. See "-Results of Operations - Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to the Three Months ended September 30, 2022 " for a discussion of these changes.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, NOI increased $10.6 million from the corresponding period in 2022 primarily due to a $21.9 million increase in rental revenues offset by a $11.3 million increase in real estate operating expenses. The increases in rental revenue and real estate operating expenses were primarily due to the Partner Buyouts. See "-Results of Operations - Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to the Nine Months ended September 30, 2022 " for a discussion of these changes.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks

All of our mortgage debt bears interest at fixed rates. Our junior subordinated notes bear interest at the rate of three month term SOFR plus 226 basis points. At September 30, 2023, the interest rate on these notes was 7.63%. Our credit facility bears interest at the rate of one month term SOFR plus 250 basis points. There was no balance outstanding on the credit facility at September 30, 2023. A 100 basis point increase in the rates would increase our related interest expense by approximately $374,000 annually and a 100 basis point decrease in the rates would decrease our related interest expense by $374,000 annually.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

As required under Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, we carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer, Senior Vice President-Finance and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2023. Based upon that evaluation, these officers concluded that as of September 30, 2023 our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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Part II - Other Information

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

In our Annual Report, we noted that a wholly-owned subsidiary of ours that owned a property in Houston, TX is named as a defendant, along with multiple other defendants, in an action (Takakura et al. v. Houston Pizza Venture, LP, and Papa John’s USA., Inc. et.al., 129th Judicial District, Harris County, TX, Cause No. 2019-42425), alleging the wrongful death as a result of a homicide of a delivery person at our property. We and certain other defendants have agreed to settle this lawsuit for approximately $325,000; the settlement remains subject to, among other things, the execution of certain additional documentation and court approval. We anticipate that this settlement amount will be fully funded by our insurance carrier.

From time to time, we are party to legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of our business, and in particular, personal injury claims involving the operations of our properties. Although we believe that the primary and umbrella insurance coverage maintained with respect to our properties is sufficient to cover claims for compensatory damages, many of these personal injury claims also assert exemplary(i.e punitive) damages. Generally, insurance does not cover claims for exemplary damages and we may be adversely affected if claims for exemplary damages are asserted successfully. See Note 11 of our Consolidated Financial Statements.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Period	(a)  Total Number of Shares Purchased	(b) Average Price Paid per Share		(c)  Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	(d)  Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
July 1 - July 31, 2023	45,612	$	20.10	45,612	$	3,249,000
August 1 - August 31, 2023	84,198	18.81		84,198	$	8,416,000	(1)
September 1 - September 30, 2023	134,355	18.23		134,355	$	5,966,000
Total	264,165	$	18.74	264,165

___________

(1) In August, 2023, the Board of Directors increased the share repurchase authorization by approximately $6.75 million to $10 million. We are authorized to repurchase shares in open market or privately negotiated transactions (including related party transactions).

From October 1 through October 31, 2023, we repurchased 98,014 shares of our common stock at an average price of $17.23 per share for an aggregate cost of $1.7 million. At November 1, 2023, we are authorized to repurchase up to $4.3 million of shares of our common stock.

Item 5. Other Information

None of our officers or directors had any contract, instruction, or written plan for the purchase or sale of our securities that was intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c ) or any "non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement" in effect at any time during the three months ended September 30, 2023.

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Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit      No.	Title of Exhibits
10.1	Second amendment dated as of August 22, 2023 to the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement made as of November 18, 2021, as amended, by and between us and VNB New York, LLC.
31.1	Certification of President and Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2	Certification of Senior Vice President—Finance pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.3	Certification of Vice President and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1	Certification of President and Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2	Certification of Senior Vice President—Finance pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.3	Certification of Vice President and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101	The following financial information from the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2023, formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss), (iv) Consolidated Statements of Equity, (v) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
104	Cover Page Interactive Date File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

_______________________________

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

BRT APARTMENTS CORP.

November 6, 2023	/s/ Jeffrey A. Gould
	Jeffrey A. Gould, President and
	Chief Executive Officer
November 6, 2023	/s/ George Zweier
	George Zweier, Vice President
	and Chief Financial Officer
	(principal financial officer)

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