EX-99.1 2 gmq12024pressreleaseandfin.htm EX-99.1

Exhibit 99.1

News

For Release: Tuesday, April 23, 2024, at 6:30 a.m. ET

GM Releases 2024 First-Quarter Results and Raises Full-Year Guidance

DETROIT – General Motors Co. (NYSE: GM) today reported first-quarter 2024 revenue of $43.0 billion, net income attributable to stockholders of $3.0 billion and EBIT-adjusted of $3.9 billion.

GM is also updating its 2024 full-year earnings guidance:

			Updated 2024 Guidance			Previous 2024 Guidance
Net income attributable to stockholders			$10.1 billion - $11.5 billion			$9.8 billion - $11.2 billion
EBIT-adjusted			$12.5 billion - $14.5 billion			$12.0 billion - $14.0 billion
Automotive operating cash flow			$18.3 billion - $21.3 billion			$18.0 billion - $21.0 billion
Adjusted automotive free cash flow			$8.5 billion - $10.5 billion			$8.0 billion - $10.0 billion
EPS-diluted			$8.94 - $9.94			$8.50 - $9.50
EPS-diluted-adjusted			$9.00 - $10.00			$8.50 - $9.50

GM's 2024 financial guidance includes anticipated capital spending of $10.5 billion - $11.5 billion, inclusive of investments in the company's battery cell manufacturing joint ventures.

Conference Call for Investors and Analysts

GM Chair and CEO Mary Barra and GM Chief Financial Officer Paul Jacobson will host a conference call for the investment community at 8:30 a.m. ET today to discuss these results.

Conference call details are as follows:

•1-800-857-9821 (U.S.)

•1-517-308-9481 (international/caller-paid)

•Conference call passcode: General Motors

•An audio replay will be available on the GM Investor Relations website in the Events section.

Visit the GM Investor Relations website to download the company’s earnings deck and GM Chair and CEO Mary Barra’s letter to shareholders.

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Results Overview

			Three Months Ended
($M) except per share amounts			March 31, 2024			March 31, 2023			Change			% Change
Revenue			$	43,014		$	39,985		$	3,029		7.6		%
Net income attributable to stockholders			$	2,980		$	2,395		$	585		24.4		%
EBIT-adjusted			$	3,871		$	3,803		$	68		1.8		%
Net income margin			6.9		%	6.0		%	0.9 ppts			15.0		%
EBIT-adjusted margin			9.0		%	9.5		%	(0.5) ppts			(5.3)		%
Automotive operating cash flow			$	3,598		$	2,232		$	1,366		61.2		%
Adjusted automotive free cash flow			$	1,090		$	(132)		$	1,222		n.m.
EPS-diluted(a)			$	2.56		$	1.69		$	0.87		51.5		%
EPS-diluted-adjusted(a)			$	2.62		$	2.21		$	0.41		18.6		%
GMNA EBIT-adjusted			$	3,840		$	3,576		$	264		7.4		%
GMNA EBIT-adjusted margin			10.6		%	10.9		%	(0.3 ppts)			(2.8)		%
GMI EBIT (loss)-adjusted			$	(10)		$	347		$	(357)		n.m.
China equity income (loss)			$	(106)		$	83		$	(189)		n.m.
GM Financial EBT-adjusted			$	737		$	771		$	(34)		(4.4)		%

__________

(a)EPS-diluted and EPS-diluted-adjusted include a $(0.01) and $0.03 impact from revaluation on equity investments in the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

(b)n.m. = not meaningful

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General Motors (NYSE:GM) is a global company focused on advancing an all-electric future that is inclusive and accessible to all. At the heart of this strategy is the Ultium battery platform, which will power everything from mass-market to high-performance vehicles. General Motors, its subsidiaries and its joint venture entities sell vehicles under the Chevrolet, Buick, GMC, Cadillac, Baojun and Wuling brands. More information on the company and its subsidiaries, including OnStar, a global leader in safety services and connected vehicle technology, can be found at https://www.gm.com.

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CONTACTS:
Jim Cain GM Communications 313-407-2843 james.cain@chevrolet.com			Ashish Kohli GM Investor Relations 847-964-3459 ashish.kohli@gm.com
David Caldwell GM Communications 586-899-7861 david.caldwell@gm.com

Cautionary Note on Forward-Looking Statements: This press release and related comments by management may include “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the U.S. federal securities laws. Forward-looking statements are any statements other than statements of historical fact and represent our current judgment about possible future events. In making these statements, we rely upon assumptions and analysis based on our experience and perception of historical trends, current conditions, and expected future developments, as well as other factors we consider appropriate under the circumstances. We believe these judgments are reasonable, but these statements are not guarantees of any future events or financial results, and our actual results may differ materially due to a variety of factors, many of which are described in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and our other filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. We caution readers not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to update publicly or otherwise revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or other factors that affect the subject of these statements, except where we are expressly required to do so by law.

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Guidance Reconciliations

The following table reconciles expected Net income attributable to stockholders under U.S. GAAP to expected EBIT-adjusted (dollars in billions):

						Year Ending December 31, 2024
						Updated						Previous
Net income attributable to stockholders						$ 10.1-11.5						$ 9.8-11.2
Income tax expense						2.2-2.8						2.1-2.7
Automotive interest expense, net						0.1						0.1
Adjustments(a)						0.1						—
EBIT-adjusted						$ 12.5-14.5						$ 12.0-14.0

__________

(a)Refer to the reconciliation of Net income attributable to stockholders under U.S. GAAP to EBIT-adjusted and segment profit (loss) for adjustment details. These expected financial results do not include the potential impact of future adjustments related to special items.

The following table reconciles expected EPS-diluted under U.S. GAAP to expected EPS-diluted-adjusted:

									Year Ending December 31, 2024
									Updated						Previous
Diluted earnings per common share									$ 8.94-9.94						$ 8.50-9.50
Adjustments(a)									0.06						—
EPS-diluted-adjusted									$ 9.00-10.00						$ 8.50-9.50

__________

(a)Refer to the reconciliation of diluted earnings per common share under U.S. GAAP to EPS-diluted-adjusted for adjustment details. These expected financial results do not include the potential impact of future adjustments related to special items.

The following table reconciles expected automotive net cash provided by operating activities under U.S. GAAP to expected adjusted automotive free cash flow (dollars in billions):

						Year Ending December 31, 2024
						Updated						Previous
Net automotive cash provided by operating activities						$ 18.3-21.3						$ 18.0-21.0
Less: Capital expenditures						10.0-11.0						10.0-11.0
Adjustments						0.2						—
Adjusted automotive free cash flow(a)						$ 8.5-10.5						$ 8.0-10.0

__________

(a)These expected financial results do not include the potential impact of future adjustments related to special items.

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General Motors Company and Subsidiaries1

Combining Income Statement Information

(In millions) (Unaudited)

			Three Months Ended March 31, 2024																														Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
			Automotive						Cruise						GM Financial						Reclassifications/Eliminations						Combined						Automotive						Cruise						GM Financial						Reclassifications/Eliminations						Combined
Net sales and revenue
Automotive			$	39,212					$	25					$	—					$	(25)					$	39,212					$	36,646					$	25					$	—					$	(25)					$	36,646
GM Financial			—						—						3,811						(9)						3,802						—						—						3,343						(4)						3,339
Total net sales and revenue			39,212						25						3,811						(34)						43,014						36,646						25						3,343						(29)						39,985
Costs and expenses
Automotive and other cost of sales			33,597						400						—						—						33,996						31,716						532						—						(1)						32,247
GM Financial interest, operating and other expenses			—						—						3,106						—						3,106						—						—						2,613						—						2,612
Automotive and other selling, general and administrative expense			2,035						140						—						—						2,175						2,438						109						—						(1)						2,547
Total costs and expenses			35,632						540						3,106						(1)						39,277						34,155						641						2,613						(2)						37,407
Operating income (loss)			3,580						(515)						705						(33)						3,738						2,492						(616)						730						(28)						2,578
Automotive interest expense			219						16						—						(16)						219						234						3						—						(3)						234
Interest income and other non-operating income, net			273						12						—						17						302						354						31						—						25						409
Equity income (loss)			(137)						—						32						—						(105)						(20)						—						41						—						21
Income (loss) before income taxes			$	3,497					$	(519)					$	737					$	—					$	3,715					$	2,592					$	(588)					$	771					$	—					$	2,775
Income tax expense (benefit)																											762																														428
Net income (loss)																											2,953																														2,346
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests																											27																														49
Net income (loss) attributable to stockholders																											$	2,980																													$	2,395
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders																											$	2,970																													$	2,369

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1 Certain columns and rows may not add due to rounding.

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General Motors Company and Subsidiaries1

Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share

(Unaudited)

The following table summarizes basic and diluted earnings per share (in millions, except per share amounts):

									Three Months Ended
															March 31, 2024						March 31, 2023
Basic earnings per share
Net income (loss) attributable to stockholders															$	2,980					$	2,395
Less: cumulative dividends on subsidiary preferred stock(a)															(9)						(27)
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders															$	2,970					$	2,369
Weighted-average common shares outstanding															1,155						1,396
Basic earnings per common share															$	2.57					$	1.70
Diluted earnings per share
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders – diluted															$	2,970					$	2,369
Weighted-average common shares outstanding – diluted															1,162						1,402
Diluted earnings per common share															$	2.56					$	1.69
Potentially dilutive securities(b)															17						22

__________

(a)Includes an insignificant amount in participating securities income from a subsidiary for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

(b)Potentially dilutive securities attributable to outstanding stock options, Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) and Performance Stock Units (PSUs) at March 31, 2024 and 2023 were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share (EPS) because the securities would have had an antidilutive effect.

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General Motors Company and Subsidiaries1

Combining Balance Sheet Information

(In millions, except per share amounts) (Unaudited)

			March 31, 2024																														December 31, 2023
			Automotive						Cruise						GM Financial						Reclassifications/Eliminations						Combined						Automotive						Cruise						GM Financial						Reclassifications/Eliminations						Combined
ASSETS
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents			$	11,894					$	713					$	5,028					$	—					$	17,635					$	12,228					$	1,344					$	5,282					$	—					$	18,853
Marketable debt securities			7,845						—						—						—						7,845						7,613						—						—						—						7,613
Accounts and notes receivable, net(a)			13,558						—						2,099						(1,883)						13,774						11,814						—						1,891						(1,327)						12,378
GM Financial receivables, net			—						—						41,872						(190)						41,682						—						—						39,246						(170)						39,076
Inventories			17,540						—						—						(7)						17,533						16,467						—						—						(6)						16,461
Other current assets(b)			2,183						484						5,776						(443)						8,001						1,994						466						5,205						(428)						7,238
Total current assets			53,021						1,196						54,775						(2,523)						106,470						50,115						1,809						51,624						(1,931)						101,618
Non-current Assets
GM Financial receivables, net(d)			—						—						43,899						(388)						43,511						—						—						45,391						(348)						45,043
Equity in net assets of nonconsolidated affiliates			9,069						—						1,670						—						10,740						8,943						—						1,670						—						10,613
Property, net			51,208						97						118						—						51,423						50,104						93						124						—						50,321
Goodwill and intangible assets, net			2,755						715						1,353						—						4,823						2,793						715						1,354						—						4,862
Equipment on operating leases, net			—						—						30,106						—						30,106						—						—						30,582						—						30,582
Deferred income taxes			21,050						1,762						(1,108)						—						21,704						21,722						1,723						(1,106)						—						22,339
Other assets(c)			7,007						207						1,186						(584)						7,815						6,869						215						1,140						(538)						7,686
Total non-current assets			91,089						2,781						77,224						(973)						170,121						90,430						2,745						79,156						(886)						171,446
Total Assets			$	144,111					$	3,977					$	131,998					$	(3,496)					$	276,591					$	140,546					$	4,555					$	130,780					$	(2,817)					$	273,064
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current Liabilities
Accounts payable (principally trade)(a)			$	29,253					$	597					$	1,426					$	(1,884)					$	29,393					$	27,846					$	185					$	1,136					$	(1,054)					$	28,114
Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt
Automotive(a)			559						2						—						(183)						378						591						272						—						(435)						428
GM Financial			—						—						35,598						—						35,598						—						—						38,540						—						38,540
Cruise			—						7						—						(7)						—						—						6						—						(6)						—
Accrued liabilities(b)			20,483						425						5,950						(449)						26,409						21,468						590						5,741						(436)						27,364
Total current liabilities			50,296						1,031						42,973						(2,523)						91,777						49,906						1,053						45,417						(1,931)						94,445
Non-current Liabilities
Long-term debt
Automotive(c)			15,935						598						—						(584)						15,949						15,979						544						—						(538)						15,985
GM Financial			—						—						70,312						—						70,312						—						—						66,788						—						66,788
Cruise(d)			—						388						—						(388)						—						—						348						—						(348)						—
Postretirement benefits other than pensions			4,292						—						—						—						4,292						4,345						—						—						—						4,345
Pensions			6,376						—						8						—						6,384						6,673						—						8						—						6,680
Other liabilities			14,127						450						2,698						—						17,275						13,447						454						2,614						—						16,515
Total non-current liabilities			40,731						1,436						73,018						(973)						114,213						40,444						1,345						69,409						(886)						110,312
Total Liabilities			91,027						2,467						115,991						(3,496)						205,990						90,350						2,399						114,826						(2,817)						204,757
Noncontrolling interest - Cruise stock incentive awards			—						175						—						—						175						—						118						—						—						118
Equity
Common stock, $0.01 par value			11						—						—						—						11						12						—						—						—						12
Additional paid-in capital(e)			19,087						247						1,314						(1,290)						19,358						18,866						240						1,314						(1,290)						19,130
Retained earnings			42,422						(649)						15,914						1						57,688						39,579						(12)						15,823						1						55,391
Accumulated other comprehensive loss			(9,238)						—						(1,221)						—						(10,459)						(9,066)						1						(1,183)						—						(10,247)
Total stockholders’ equity			52,282						(402)						16,007						(1,289)						66,598						49,391						229						15,954						(1,289)						64,286
Noncontrolling interests(e)			802						1,737						—						1,289						3,828						805						1,809						—						1,289						3,903
Total Equity			53,084						1,335						16,007						—						70,426						50,196						2,038						15,954						—						68,189
Total Liabilities and Equity			$	144,111					$	3,977					$	131,998					$	(3,496)					$	276,591					$	140,546					$	4,555					$	130,780					$	(2,817)					$	273,064

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(a)Eliminations primarily include GM Financial accounts and notes receivable of $0.6 billion due from Automotive; and Automotive accounts receivable of $1.2 billion primarily due from GM Financial and Cruise at March 31, 2024; and GM Financial accounts and notes receivable of $0.5 billion due from Automotive and Automotive accounts receivable of $0.8 billion due from GM Financial and Cruise at December 31, 2023.

(b)Eliminations primarily related to intercompany asset transfers between Automotive and Cruise for autonomous vehicle (AV) capital.

(c)Eliminations related to deferral agreement between Cruise and Automotive as regards to engineering and capital spending incurred by Automotive on behalf of Cruise resulting in a long-term payable for Cruise offset by a long-term receivable for Automotive.

(d)Eliminations primarily related to intercompany loans due from Cruise to GM Financial.

(e)Primarily reclassification of GM Financial Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A, B and C. The preferred stock is classified as noncontrolling interests in our consolidated balance sheets.

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General Motors Company and Subsidiaries1

Combining Cash Flow Information

(In millions) (Unaudited)

			Three Months Ended March 31, 2024																														Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
			Automotive						Cruise						GM Financial						Reclassifications/Eliminations						Combined						Automotive						Cruise						GM Financial						Reclassifications/Eliminations						Combined
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income (loss)			$	2,804					$	(386)					$	535					$	—					$	2,953					$	2,221					$	(426)					$	551					$	—					$	2,346
Depreciation and impairment of Equipment on operating leases, net			—						—						1,243						—						1,243						—						—						1,241						—						1,241
Depreciation, amortization and impairment charges on Property, net			1,540						5						10						—						1,555						1,555						6						10						—						1,571
Foreign currency remeasurement and transaction (gains) losses			(33)						—						(4)						—						(36)						131						—						4						—						135
Undistributed earnings of nonconsolidated affiliates, net			63						—						(32)						—						32						(21)						—						(41)						—						(61)
Pension contributions and OPEB payments			(242)						—						—						—						(242)						(236)						—						—						—						(236)
Pension and OPEB income, net			14						—						—						—						15						(21)						—						—						—						(20)
Provision (benefit) for deferred taxes			781						(135)						9						—						655						408						(162)						(200)						—						46
Change in other operating assets and liabilities(a)(b)			(1,329)						(198)						(162)						(1,333)						(3,022)						(1,807)						69						159						(356)						(1,936)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities			3,598						(713)						1,601						(1,333)						3,152						2,232						(514)						1,724						(356)						3,086
Cash flows from investing activities
Expenditures for property			(2,728)						(12)						(4)						(39)						(2,783)						(2,408)						(16)						(6)						(1)						(2,431)
Available-for-sale marketable securities, acquisitions			(995)						—						—						—						(995)						(416)						(227)						—						—						(643)
Available-for-sale marketable securities, liquidations			745						—						—						—						745						1,929						1,017						—						—						2,947
Purchases of finance receivables(a)			—						—						(8,921)						989						(7,932)						—						—						(9,106)						144						(8,963)
Principal collections and recoveries on finance receivables(a)			—						—						7,650						1						7,651						—						—						7,509						(228)						7,282
Purchases of leased vehicles			—						—						(3,436)						—						(3,436)						—						—						(3,154)						—						(3,154)
Proceeds from termination of leased vehicles			—						—						3,085						—						3,085						—						—						3,264						—						3,264
Other investing activities			(291)						—						(1)						42						(249)						(714)						—						—						151						(563)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities			(3,268)						(12)						(1,626)						993						(3,914)						(1,609)						774						(1,493)						66						(2,262)
Cash flows from financing activities
Net increase (decrease) in short-term debt			(26)						—						(223)						—						(249)						(25)						—						(143)						—						(167)
Proceeds from issuance of debt (original maturities greater than three months)			10						55						14,297						(55)						14,307						1						33						11,486						(33)						11,487
Payments on debt (original maturities greater than three months)			(33)						—						(13,088)						(19)						(13,140)						(1,535)						(5)						(10,590)						3						(12,127)
Payment to purchase common stock			(280)						—						—						—						(280)						(369)						—						—						—						(369)
Issuance (redemption) of subsidiary stock			—						36						—						(36)						—						—						131						—						(131)						—
Dividends paid(b)			(139)						—						(509)						450						(198)						(126)						—						(509)						450						(185)
Other financing activities			(53)						(41)						(44)						—						(139)						(218)						(75)						(31)						—						(324)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities			(521)						50						432						340						300						(2,271)						84						213						290						(1,685)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash			(69)						—						(9)						—						(78)						25						—						29						—						54
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash			(304)						(632)						397						—						(539)						(1,623)						344						472						—						(807)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period			12,310						1,359						8,249						—						21,917						13,746						1,526						6,676						—						21,948
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period			$	12,005					$	727					$	8,646					$	—					$	21,378					$	12,123					$	1,870					$	7,148					$	—					$	21,141

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(a)Includes eliminations of $0.9 billion and $0.2 billion in the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 primarily driven by purchases/collections of wholesale finance receivables resulting from vehicles sold by GM to dealers that have arranged their inventory floor plan financing through GM Financial.

(b)Eliminations include dividends issued by GM Financial to Automotive in the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

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General Motors Company and Subsidiaries1

The following tables summarize key financial information by segment (dollars in millions):

			GMNA						GMI						Corporate						Eliminations						Total Automotive						Cruise						GM Financial						Reclassifications/Eliminations						Total
Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Net sales and revenue			$	36,099					$	3,082					$	32					$	—					$	39,212					$	25					$	3,811					$	(34)					$	43,014
Expenditures for property			$	2,631					$	93					$	4					$	—					$	2,728					$	12					$	4					$	39					$	2,783
Depreciation and amortization			$	1,409					$	125					$	5					$	—					$	1,540					$	5					$	1,253					$	—					$	2,798
Impairment charges			$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—
Equity income (loss)(a)(b)			$	127					$	(108)					$	—					$	—					$	19					$	—					$	32					$	—					$	50
			GMNA						GMI						Corporate						Eliminations						Total Automotive						Cruise						GM Financial						Reclassifications/Eliminations						Total
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Net sales and revenue			$	32,889					$	3,727					$	31					$	—					$	36,646					$	25					$	3,343					$	(29)					$	39,985
Expenditures for property			$	2,260					$	148					$	—					$	—					$	2,408					$	16					$	6					$	1					$	2,431
Depreciation and amortization			$	1,428					$	122					$	5					$	—					$	1,555					$	4					$	1,251					$	—					$	2,810
Impairment charges			$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—					$	—
Equity income (loss)(a)(b)			$	(46)					$	81					$	—					$	—					$	34					$	—					$	41					$	—					$	75

__________

(a)Includes Automotive China equity income of $(106) million and $83 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

(b)Equity earnings related to Ultium Cells Holdings LLC, an equally owned joint venture with LG Energy Solution, are presented in Automotive and other cost of sales as this entity is integral to the operations of our business by providing battery cells for our electric vehicles (EVs). Equity earnings related to Ultium Cells Holdings LLC were $156 million and insignificant in the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

9

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General Motors Company and Subsidiaries

Supplemental Material1

(Unaudited)

General Motors Company (GM) uses both generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and non-GAAP financial measures for operational and financial decision making, and to assess Company and segment business performance. Our non-GAAP measures include: earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT)-adjusted, presented net of noncontrolling interests; earnings before income taxes (EBT)-adjusted for our General Motors Financial Company, Inc. (GM Financial) segment; earnings per share (EPS)-diluted-adjusted; effective tax rate-adjusted (ETR-adjusted); return on invested capital-adjusted (ROIC-adjusted) and adjusted automotive free cash flow. GM's calculation of these non-GAAP measures may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies due to potential differences between companies in the method of calculation. As a result, the use of these non-GAAP measures has limitations and should not be considered superior to, in isolation from, or as a substitute for, related U.S. GAAP measures.

These non-GAAP measures allow management and investors to view operating trends, perform analytical comparisons and benchmark performance between periods and among geographic regions to understand operating performance without regard to items we do not consider a component of our core operating performance. Furthermore, these non-GAAP measures allow investors the opportunity to measure and monitor our performance against our externally communicated targets and evaluate the investment decisions being made by management to improve ROIC-adjusted. Management uses these measures in its financial, investment and operational decision-making processes, for internal reporting and as part of its forecasting and budgeting processes. Further, our Board of Directors uses certain of these, and other measures, as key metrics to determine management performance under our performance-based compensation plans. For these reasons, we believe these non-GAAP measures are useful for our investors.

EBIT-adjusted (Most comparable GAAP measure: Net income attributable to stockholders) EBIT-adjusted is presented net of noncontrolling interests and is used by management and can be used by investors to review our consolidated operating results because it excludes automotive interest income, automotive interest expense and income taxes as well as certain additional adjustments that are not considered part of our core operations. Examples of adjustments to EBIT include, but are not limited to, impairment charges on long-lived assets and other exit costs resulting from strategic shifts in our operations or discrete market and business conditions, and certain costs arising from legal matters. For EBIT-adjusted and our other non-GAAP measures, once we have made an adjustment in the current period for an item, we will also adjust the related non-GAAP measure in any future periods in which there is an impact from the item. Our corresponding measure for our GM Financial segment is EBT-adjusted because interest income and interest expense are part of operating results when assessing and measuring the operational and financial performance of the segment.

EPS-diluted-adjusted (Most comparable GAAP measure: Diluted earnings per common share) EPS-diluted-adjusted is used by management and can be used by investors to review our consolidated diluted EPS results on a consistent basis. EPS-diluted-adjusted is calculated as net income attributable to common stockholders-diluted less adjustments noted above for EBIT-adjusted and certain income tax adjustments divided by weighted-average common shares outstanding-diluted. Examples of income tax adjustments include the establishment or release of significant deferred tax asset valuation allowances.

ETR-adjusted (Most comparable GAAP measure: Effective tax rate) ETR-adjusted is used by management and can be used by investors to review the consolidated effective tax rate for our core operations on a consistent basis. ETR-adjusted is calculated as Income tax expense less the income tax related to the adjustments noted above for EBIT-adjusted and the income tax adjustments noted above for EPS-diluted-adjusted divided by Income before income taxes less adjustments. When we provide an expected adjusted effective tax rate, we do not provide an expected effective tax rate because the U.S. GAAP measure may include significant adjustments that are difficult to predict.

ROIC-adjusted (Most comparable GAAP measure: Return on equity) ROIC-adjusted is used by management and can be used by investors to review our investment and capital allocation decisions. We define ROIC-adjusted as EBIT-adjusted for the trailing four quarters divided by ROIC-adjusted average net assets, which is considered to be the average equity balances adjusted for average automotive debt and interest liabilities, exclusive of finance leases; average automotive net pension and other postretirement benefits (OPEB) liabilities; and average automotive net income tax assets during the same period.

Adjusted automotive free cash flow (Most comparable GAAP measure: Net automotive cash provided by operating activities) Adjusted automotive free cash flow is used by management and can be used by investors to review the liquidity of our automotive operations and to measure and monitor our performance against our capital allocation program and evaluate our automotive liquidity against the substantial cash requirements of our automotive operations. We measure adjusted automotive free cash flow as automotive operating cash flow from operations less capital expenditures adjusted for management actions. Management actions can include voluntary events such as discretionary contributions to employee benefit plans or nonrecurring specific events such as a closure of a facility that are considered special for EBIT-adjusted purposes.

10

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General Motors Company and Subsidiaries

Supplemental Material1

(Unaudited)

The following table reconciles Net income attributable to stockholders under U.S. GAAP to EBIT-adjusted and segment profit (loss) (dollars in millions):

									Three Months Ended
															March 31, 2024						March 31, 2023
Net income attributable to stockholders(a)															$	2,980					$	2,395
Income tax expense (benefit)															762						428
Automotive interest expense															219						234
Automotive interest income															(186)						(229)
Adjustments
Buick dealer strategy(b)															96						99
Voluntary separation program(c)															—						875
Total adjustments															96						974
EBIT-adjusted															3,871						3,803
Operating segments
GM North America (GMNA)															3,840						3,576
GM International (GMI)															(10)						347
Cruise															(442)						(561)
GM Financial(d)															737						771
Total operating segments															4,124						4,133
Corporate and eliminations(e)															(253)						(330)
EBIT-adjusted															$	3,871					$	3,803

__________

(a)Net of net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests.

(b)These adjustments were excluded because they relate to strategic activities to transition certain Buick dealers out of our dealer network as part of Buick’s EV strategy.

(c)These adjustments were excluded because they relate to the acceleration of attrition as part of the cost reduction program announced in January 2023, primarily in the U.S.

(d)GM Financial amounts represent EBT-adjusted.

(e)GM's automotive interest income and interest expense, legacy costs from the Opel/Vauxhall Business (primarily pension costs), corporate expenditures and certain revenues and expenses that are not part of a reportable segment are recorded centrally in Corporate.

11

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General Motors Company and Subsidiaries

Supplemental Material1

(Unaudited)

The following table reconciles diluted earnings per common share under U.S. GAAP to EPS-diluted-adjusted (dollars in millions, except per share amounts):

									Three Months Ended
															March 31, 2024												March 31, 2023
																											Amount						Per Share						Amount						Per Share
Diluted earnings per common share																											$	2,970					$	2.56					$	2,369					$	1.69
Adjustments(a)																											96						0.08						974						0.69
Tax effect on adjustments(b)																											(24)						(0.02)						(239)						(0.17)
EPS-diluted-adjusted																											$	3,042					$	2.62					$	3,104					$	2.21

__________

(a)Refer to the reconciliation of Net income attributable to stockholders under U.S. GAAP to EBIT-adjusted and segment profit (loss) for adjustment details.

(b)The tax effect of each adjustment is determined based on the tax laws and valuation allowance status of the jurisdiction to which the adjustment relates.

The following table reconciles our effective tax rate under U.S. GAAP to ETR-adjusted (dollars in millions):

									Three Months Ended
															March 31, 2024																		March 31, 2023
																																							Income before income taxes						Income tax expense (benefit)						Effective tax rate						Income before income taxes						Income tax expense (benefit)						Effective tax rate
Effective tax rate																																							$	3,715					$	762					20.5		%				$	2,775					$	428					15.4		%
Adjustments(a)																																							96						24												974						239
ETR-adjusted																																							$	3,811					$	786					20.6		%				$	3,749					$	667					17.8		%

__________

(a)Refer to the reconciliation of Net income attributable to stockholders under U.S. GAAP to EBIT-adjusted and segment profit (loss) for adjustment details. These adjustments include Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests where applicable. The tax effect of each adjustment is determined based on the tax laws and valuation allowance status of the jurisdiction to which the adjustment relates.

We define return on equity (ROE) as Net income attributable to stockholders for the trailing four quarters divided by average equity for the same period. Management uses average equity to provide comparable amounts in the calculation of ROE. The following table summarizes the calculation of ROE (dollars in billions):

			Four Quarters Ended
			March 31, 2024						March 31, 2023
Net income attributable to stockholders			$	10.7					$	9.4
Average equity(a)			$	71.1					$	68.6
ROE			15.1		%				13.7		%

__________

(a)Includes equity of noncontrolling interests where the corresponding earnings (loss) are included in Net income attributable to stockholders.

12

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General Motors Company and Subsidiaries

Supplemental Material1

(Unaudited)

The following table summarizes the calculation of ROIC-adjusted (dollars in billions):

			Four Quarters Ended
			March 31, 2024						March 31, 2023
EBIT-adjusted(a)			$	12.4					$	14.2
Average equity(b)			$	71.1					$	68.6
Add: Average automotive debt and interest liabilities (excluding finance leases)			16.2						17.4
Add: Average automotive net pension & OPEB liability			8.7						8.6
Less: Average automotive and other net income tax asset			(21.6)						(20.9)
ROIC-adjusted average net assets			$	74.5					$	73.6
ROIC-adjusted			16.7		%				19.3		%

__________

(a)Refer to the reconciliation of Net income attributable to stockholders under U.S. GAAP to EBIT-adjusted and segment profit (loss) for adjustment details.

(b)Includes equity of noncontrolling interests where the corresponding earnings (loss) are included in EBIT-adjusted.

The following table reconciles Net automotive cash provided by operating activities under U.S. GAAP to adjusted automotive free cash flow (dollars in millions):

									Three Months Ended
															March 31, 2024						March 31, 2023
Net automotive cash provided by operating activities															$	3,598					$	2,232
Less: Capital expenditures															(2,728)						(2,408)
Add: Buick dealer strategy															162						39
Add: Employee separation costs															58						5
Adjusted automotive free cash flow															$	1,090					$	(132)

13

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General Motors Company and Subsidiaries

Supplemental Material1

(Unaudited)

Vehicle Sales

GM presents both wholesale and total vehicle sales data to assist in the analysis of our revenue and market share. Wholesale vehicle sales data consists of sales to GM's dealers and distributors as well as sales to the U.S. government and excludes vehicles sold by our joint ventures. Wholesale vehicle sales data correlates to GM's revenue recognized from the sale of vehicles, which is the largest component of Automotive net sales and revenue. In the three months ended March 31, 2024, 26.0% of GM's wholesale vehicle sales volume was generated outside the U.S. The following table summarizes wholesale vehicle sales by automotive segment (vehicles in thousands):

																					Three Months Ended
																											March 31, 2024									March 31, 2023
GMNA																																							792												723
GMI																																							104												141
Total																																							895												864

Total vehicle sales data represents: (1) retail sales (i.e., sales to consumers who purchase new vehicles from dealers or distributors); (2) fleet sales (i.e., sales to large and small businesses, governments and daily rental car companies); and (3) certain vehicles used by dealers in their business. Total vehicle sales data includes all sales by joint ventures on a total vehicle basis, not based on our percentage ownership interest in the joint venture. Certain joint venture agreements in China allow for the contractual right to report vehicle sales of non-GM trademarked vehicles by those joint ventures, which are included in the total vehicle sales we report for China. While total vehicle sales data does not correlate directly to the revenue GM recognizes during a particular period, we believe it is indicative of the underlying demand for GM's vehicles. Total vehicle sales data represents management's good faith estimate based on sales reported by our dealers, distributors and joint ventures; commercially available data sources such as registration and insurance data; and internal estimates and forecasts when other data is not available.

14

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General Motors Company and Subsidiaries

Supplemental Material1

(Unaudited)

The following table summarizes industry and GM total vehicle sales and GM's related competitive position by geographic region (vehicles in thousands):

									Three Months Ended
															March 31, 2024																		March 31, 2023
																																							Industry						GM						Market Share						Industry						GM						Market Share
North America
United States																																							3,860						594						15.4		%				3,682						603						16.4		%
Other																																							892						115						12.9		%				793						103						13.0		%
Total North America																																							4,752						709						14.9		%				4,475						707						15.8		%
Asia/Pacific, Middle East and Africa
China(a)																																							5,617						441						7.9		%				5,103						462						9.1		%
Other																																							5,500						113						2.0		%				5,543						108						1.9		%
Total Asia/Pacific, Middle East and Africa																																							11,117						554						5.0		%				10,646						570						5.4		%
South America
Brazil																																							514						57						11.1		%				471						71						15.1		%
Other																																							308						27						8.8		%				382						35						9.1		%
Total South America																																							823						84						10.2		%				854						106						12.4		%
Total in GM markets																																							16,692						1,347						8.1		%				15,974						1,382						8.7		%
Total Europe																																							4,294						—						—		%				4,089						—						—		%
Total Worldwide(b)																																							20,986						1,348						6.4		%				20,063						1,383						6.9		%
United States
Cars																																							728						50						6.8		%				707						61						8.6		%
Trucks																																							936						291						31.1		%				996						297						29.8		%
Crossovers																																							2,196						253						11.5		%				1,979						246						12.4		%
Total United States																																							3,860						594						15.4		%				3,682						603						16.4		%
China(a)
SGMS																																													155																		173
SGMW																																													287																		289
Total China																																							5,617						441						7.9		%				5,103						462						9.1		%

__________

(a)Includes sales by the Automotive China JVs: SAIC General Motors Sales Co., Ltd. (SGMS) and SAIC GM Wuling Automobile Co., Ltd. (SGMW).

(b)Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Sudan and Syria are subject to broad economic sanctions. Accordingly, these countries are excluded from industry sales data and corresponding calculation of market share.

As discussed above, total vehicle sales and market share data provided in the table above includes fleet vehicles. Certain fleet transactions, particularly sales to daily rental car companies, are generally less profitable than retail sales to end customers. The following table summarizes estimated fleet sales and those sales as a percentage of total vehicle sales (vehicles in thousands):

									Three Months Ended
															March 31, 2024						March 31, 2023
GMNA															141						177
GMI															68						90
Total fleet sales															209						267
Fleet sales as a percentage of total vehicle sales															15.5		%				19.3		%

North America capacity two-shift utilization															109.7		%				96.0		%

15