10-Q 1 form10q.htm 10-Q
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒  QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended April 1, 2017

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ________________________________ to ________________________________

Commission File Number 1-9789

SEVCON, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
  
04-2985631
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
  
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

155 Northboro Road, Southborough, Massachusetts 01772
(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)

(508) 281-5510
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒  No ☐
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes  ☒  No ☐
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐
Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☐
Smaller reporting company ☒
Emerging growth company ☐
   
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
    

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐  No ☒
 
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Class
Outstanding at May 4, 2017
Common stock, par value $.10
5,676,296
 
SEVCON, INC.
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED APRIL 1, 2017
INDEX

 
PAGE
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
  
   
 
2
3
3
4
5
22
29
30
   
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
  
   
31
31
36
36
36
36
36
   
36
   
37
 
1
PART I.
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Item 1
Financial Statements

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
Sevcon, Inc. and Subsidiaries

(in thousands of dollars except share and per share data)  
   
April 1, 2017
    
September 30, 2016
  
ASSETS
            
Cash and cash equivalents
  
$
5,664
    
$
14,127
  
Trade receivables, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $404 at April 1, 2017 and $243 at September 30, 2016
    
12,571
      
11,499
  
Other receivables
    
1,088
      
694
  
Inventories
    
16,356
      
13,666
  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    
4,373
      
3,602
  
Total current assets
    
40,052
      
43,588
  
                 
Property, plant and equipment, net
    
3,891
      
3,843
  
Long-term deferred tax assets
    
5,132
      
4,289
  
Intangible assets, net
    
8,658
      
9,185
  
Goodwill
    
7,733
      
7,794
  
Other long-term assets
    
314
      
274
  
Total assets
  
$
65,780
    
$
68,973
  
                 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
                
Accounts payable
  
$
11,775
    
$
10,604
  
Accrued expenses
    
5,734
      
4,931
  
Accrued income taxes
    
90
      
66
  
Dividends payable
    
207
      
216
  
Debt to related parties
    
-
      
300
  
Total current liabilities
    
17,806
      
16,117
  
                 
Long-term bank debt, net
    
14,835
      
15,512
  
Long-term related party debt
    
1,514
      
1,558
  
Long-term pension benefit liablilities
    
10,624
      
11,511
  
Long-term deferred tax liabilities
    
1,466
      
1,517
  
Other long-term liabilities
    
991
      
987
  
Total liabilities
    
47,236
      
47,202
  
                 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 18)
                
                 
Stockholders' equity:
                
Convertible preferred stock, par value $.10 per share - 1,000,000 shares authorized; 431,288 and 448,705 shares issued and outstanding at April 1, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively
    
43
      
45
  
Common stock, par value $.10 per share - 20,000,000 shares authorized; 5,662,796 and 5,341,513 shares issued and outstanding at April 1, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively
    
566
      
534
  
Common stock warrants
    
2,085
      
2,095
  
Additional paid in capital, common stock
    
19,986
      
19,151
  
Additional paid in capital, preferred stock
    
8,642
      
8,990
  
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)
    
(474
)
    
4,344
  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
    
(12,203
)
    
(13,420
)
Total parent stockholders' equity
    
18,645
      
21,739
  
Non-controlling interest
    
(101
)
    
32
  
Total stockholders’ equity
    
18,544
      
21,771
  
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
  
$
65,780
    
$
68,973
  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 
2
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)
Sevcon, Inc. and Subsidiaries

   
(in thousands except per share data)
  
   
Three Months Ended
    
Six Months Ended
  
   
April 1, 2017
    
April 2, 2016
    
April 1, 2017
    
April 2, 2016
  
Net sales
  
$
15,672
    
$
13,181
    
$
28,215
    
$
22,296
  
Cost of sales
    
(11,904
)
    
(9,059
)
    
(21,694
)
    
(14,058
)
Gross profit
    
3,768
      
4,122
      
6,521
      
8,238
  
Selling, general and administrative expenses
    
(4,262
)
    
(3,345
)
    
(7,993
)
    
(6,105
)
Research and development expenses
    
(1,827
)
    
(1,347
)
    
(3,268
)
    
(2,207
)
Acquisition expenses
    
-
      
(1,101
)
    
-
      
(1,417
)
Operating loss
    
(2,321
)
    
(1,671
)
    
(4,740
)
    
(1,491
)
Interest expense
    
(142
)
    
(109
)
    
(280
)
    
(131
)
Interest and other income
    
18
      
4
      
36
      
12
  
Foreign currency gain (loss)
    
(176
)
    
106
      
(618
)
    
35
  
Loss before income tax
    
(2,621
)
    
(1,670
)
    
(5,602
)
    
(1,575
)
Income tax benefit
    
368
      
90
      
857
      
79
  
Net loss
    
(2,253
)
    
(1,580
)
    
(4,745
)
    
(1,496
)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests
    
68
      
9
      
133
      
47
  
Net loss attributable to Sevcon, Inc. and subsidiaries
    
(2,185
)
    
(1,571
)
    
(4,612
)
    
(1,449
)
Preferred share dividends
    
(106
)
    
(123
)
    
(197
)
    
(234
)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders
  
$
(2,291
)
  
$
(1,694
)
  
$
(4,809
)
  
$
(1,683
)
Net loss per ordinary share - basic
  
$
(0.43
)
  
$
(0.43
)
  
$
(0.92
)
  
$
(0.45
)
Net loss per ordinary share - diluted
  
$
(0.43
)
  
$
(0.43
)
  
$
(0.92
)
  
$
(0.45
)
Weighted average shares used in computation of earnings per share:
                                
Basic
    
5,294
      
3,911
      
5,254
      
3,709
  
Diluted
    
5,294
      
3,911
      
5,254
      
3,709
  

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (UNAUDITED)
Sevcon, Inc. and Subsidiaries

   
(in thousands of dollars)
  
   
Three Months Ended
    
Six Months Ended
  
   
April 1, 2017
    
April 2, 2016
    
April 1, 2017
    
April 2, 2016
  
Net loss attributable to Sevcon, Inc. and subsidiaries
  
$
(2,185
)
  
$
(1,571
)
  
$
(4,612
)
  
$
(1,449
)
Other comprehensive loss:
                                
Foreign currency translation adjustment
    
450
      
(11
)
    
1,085
      
(89
)
Defined benefit pension plans: Actuarial loss net of $22 and $44 tax benefit for three and six months ended, respectively, (2016: Actuarial loss net of $17 and $35 tax benefit for three and six months ended, respectively)
    
65
      
55
      
132
      
114
  
Comprehensive loss
  
$
(1,670
)
  
$
(1,527
)
  
$
(3,395
)
  
$
(1,424
)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 
3
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
Sevcon, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
   
(in thousands of dollars)
  
   
Six Months Ended
  
   
April 1, 2017
    
April 2, 2016
  
Cash flow from operating activities:
            
Net loss
  
$
(4,745
)
  
$
(1,496
)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used by operating activities:
                
Depreciation and amortization
    
946
      
650
  
Stock-based compensation
    
482
      
358
  
Pension contributions greater than pension expense
    
(280
)
    
(120
)
Deferred tax benefit
    
(961
)
    
(79
)
Increase in bad debt provision
    
(174
)
    
-
  
                 
Increase (decrease) in cash resulting from changes in operating assets and liabilities:
          
Trade receivables
    
(1,459
)
    
1,699
  
Other receivables
    
(210
)
    
86
  
Inventories
    
(3,150
)
    
(2,330
)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
    
(1,329
)
    
(248
)
Accounts payable
    
1,557
      
(1,789
)
Accrued expenses
    
957
      
(1,719
)
Accrued income taxes
    
307
      
(202
)
Net cash used by operating activities
    
(8,059
)
    
(5,190
)
                 
Cash flow used by investing activities:
                
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment
    
(653
)
    
(784
)
Acquisition of subsidiary, net of cash acquired
    
-
      
(9,255
)
Net cash used by investing activities
    
(653
)
    
(10,039
)
                 
Cash flow (used by) generated from financing activities:
                
Net debt borrowings
    
(300
)
    
15,198
  
Dividends paid
    
(215
)
    
(217
)
Purchase and retirement of common stock
    
-
      
(222
)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net
    
27
      
-
  
Net cash (used by) generated from financing activities
    
(488
)
    
14,759
  
                 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash
    
737
      
(852
)
Net decrease in cash
    
(8,463
)
    
(1,322
)
Beginning balance - cash and cash equivalents
    
14,127
      
8,048
  
Ending balance - cash and cash equivalents
  
$
5,664
    
$
6,726
  
                 
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
                
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds
  
$
174
    
$
204
  
Cash paid for interest
  
$
253
    
$
131
  
Change in accrual of dividend payable
  
$
(9
)
  
$
17
  
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock
  
$
350
    
$
9
  
Cashless stock option exercise
  
$
133
    
$
-
  
                 
Investment in subsidiary, net of cash acquired:
                
Cash consideration
  
$
-
    
$
10,832
  
Cash acquired
    
-
      
(1,577
)
Net cash investment in subsidiary
  
$
-
    
$
9,255
  
Issuance of common stock in acquisition of subsidiary
  
$
-
    
$
4,760
  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 
4
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
Sevcon, Inc. and Subsidiaries

(1)
Basis of presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) necessary to present fairly the financial position of Sevcon, Inc. ( the “Company”) and subsidiaries as of April 1, 2017 and the results of operations and cash flows for the three and six-month periods ended April 1, 2017. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the 2016 annual consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the 2016 Sevcon, Inc. Annual Report filed on Form 10-K (“2016 10-K”). The results of operations for the three and six-month periods ended April 1, 2017 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

During the six-month period ended April 1, 2017 the Company experienced an operating loss of $4,740,000 and a decrease in cash of $8,463,000 from $14,127,000 at September 30, 2016 to $5,664,000 at April 1, 2017. This negative performance largely reflected difficult conditions in the Company’s traditional controls markets and continuing investment in research and development expense associated with the delivery of the engineering phase of the Company’s new project pipeline. At April 1, 2017 the Company had net current assets of $22,246,000 including cash of $5,664,000. Against this background management has conducted a review of the Company’s cash requirements for the next twelve months taking into account existing cash resources, forecasted cash from future operations and existing borrowing facilities. In addition, the Company has explored its options to secure further financing. Based on this assessment of the Company’s cash requirements and the financing it believes is available, management believes that the group has sufficient funds available for the next twelve months for its activities under execution.

Unless otherwise indicated, each reference to a “year” means the Company’s fiscal year, which ends on September 30.

Accounting for wholly-owned subsidiaries

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries; Sevcon USA, Inc., Sevcon Ltd, Industrial Capacitors (Wrexham) Ltd., Sevcon Asia Limited, Sevcon Japan KK, Sevcon Security Corp., Sevcon S.A.S., Sevcon S.r.l., Bassi S.r.l., Sevcon Canada Inc. and Sevcon GmbH in accordance with the provisions required by the Consolidation Topic 810 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”).  All material intercompany transactions have been eliminated.

Accounting for joint-venture subsidiary

For the Company's less than wholly-owned subsidiary, Sevcon New Energy Technology (Hubei) Company Limited in China, the Company first analyzes whether this joint venture subsidiary is a variable interest entity (a “VIE”) in accordance with ASC 810 and if so, whether the Company is the primary beneficiary requiring consolidation. A VIE is an entity that has (i) insufficient equity to permit it to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support or (ii) equity holders that lack the characteristics of a controlling financial interest. VIEs are consolidated by the primary beneficiary, which is the entity that has both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the entity that potentially could be significant to the entity. Variable interests in a VIE are contractual, ownership, or other financial interests in a VIE that change with changes in the fair value of the VIE’s net assets. The Company continuously re-assesses at each level of the joint venture whether the entity is (i) a VIE, and (ii) if the Company is the primary beneficiary of the VIE. If it is determined that the entity in which the Company holds its interest qualifies as a VIE and the Company is the primary beneficiary, it is consolidated.

Based on the Company's analysis of its 50% owned joint venture, the Company has determined that it is a VIE and that the Company is the primary beneficiary. While the Company owns 50% of the equity interest in this subsidiary, the other 50% is owned by a local unrelated third party, and the joint venture agreement with that third party provides the Company with greater voting rights. Accordingly, the Company consolidates its joint venture under the VIE rules and reflects the third party’s 50% interest in the consolidated financial statements as a non-controlling interest. The Company records this non-controlling interest at its initial fair value, adjusting the basis prospectively for their share of the respective consolidated investments’ net income or loss or equity contributions and distributions. This non-controlling interest is not redeemable by the equity holders and is presented as part of permanent equity. Income and losses are allocated to the non-controlling interest holder based on its economic ownership percentage.
 
5
(2)
Summary of significant accounting policies

There have been no changes since the end of 2016 to the significant accounting policies followed by Sevcon, Inc. and subsidiaries.

(3)
Acquisition
 
Bassi Unipersonale S.r.l (“Bassi”)

On January 26, 2016, the Company acquired Bassi which designs, manufactures and sells battery chargers for electric vehicles, power management and uninterrupted power source systems for industrial, medical and telecom applications, as well as electronic instrumentation for battery laboratories. This acquisition enables the Company to expand its addressable share of the high-growth electrification market and enhance earnings by adding an immediately accretive business. The total consideration for the transaction was approximately $19.1 million which consisted of approximately $10.8 million cash, $4.8 million value of the Company’s common stock and $3.5 million at fair value of assumed dividends payable to Bassi Holding, the former owner of Bassi. The Company acquired approximately $10.2 million of intangible assets, which primarily consisted of customer relationships, $6.4 million of goodwill and $2.5 million of other assets, net of liabilities. The Company is required to distribute approximately $3.5 million of assumed dividends in increments over a three-year period, post-closing.

The Company accounted for this acquisition as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting. During the three and six-month periods ended April 1, 2017 the Company recognized no expense for acquisition-related items. During the three and six-month periods ended April 2, 2016 the Company recognized expense for acquisition-related items, of $1,101,000 and $1,417,000, respectively.

For more information on this acquisition, refer to Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s 2016 10-K.

Pro Forma Summary

The unaudited consolidated pro forma results for the three and six-month periods ended April 1, 2017 and April 2, 2016 are shown below.  The pro forma consolidated results combine the results of operations of the Company and Bassi as though Bassi had been acquired on October 1, 2015 and include amortization charges for the acquired intangibles and interest expense related to the Company’s borrowings to finance the acquisition. The unaudited pro forma results for the three and six-month periods ended April 2, 2016 were adjusted to include $266,000 and $535,000, respectively, of intangible assets amortization expense associated with the business combination and $127,000 and $253,000, respectively, of interest expense relating to the credit facility entered into in order to partially fund the Bassi acquisition, and to exclude $1,101,000 and $1,417,000, respectively, of acquisition-related expense.
 
6
The unaudited pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the acquisition had taken place on October 1, 2015.

   
(in thousands of dollars)
    
(in thousands of dollars)
  
   
Three Months ended
    
Six Months ended
  
   
April 1, 2017
    
April 2, 2016
    
April 1, 2017
    
April 2, 2016
  
Revenue
  
$
15,672
    
$
14,832
    
$
28,215
    
$
27,533
  
Net (loss) income
    
(2,253
)
    
(486
)
    
(4,745
)
    
(322
)

(4)
Stock-based compensation plans

Under the Company’s 1996 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) there were 69,641 shares reserved and available for grant at April 1, 2017. There were 12,165 options exercised in 2017.

The Plan, which is shareholder-approved, permits the grant of restricted stock, restricted stock units, stock options and stock appreciation rights (“SARs”). SARs may be awarded either separately, or in relation to options granted, and for the grant of bonus shares. Options granted are exercisable at a price not less than fair market value on the date of grant.

Stock options

The Company estimated the fair values of its stock options using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model, which was developed for use in estimating the fair values of stock options. Option valuation models, including the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model, require the input of assumptions, including stock price volatility. Changes in the input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimates and ultimately how much the Company recognizes as stock-based compensation expense. The fair values of the Company’s stock options were estimated at the grant dates.

The weighted average input assumptions used and resulting fair values of stock options at April 1, 2017, were as follows:

   
April 1, 2017
  
       
Performance based stock options:
        
         
Expected life (in years)
    
4.0
  
Risk-free interest rate
    
1.64
%
Volatility
    
62.16
%
Dividend yield
    
0.00
%
Weighted-average fair value per share
  
$
8.38
  
 
7
Expected Life
The expected term represents the period of time that options are expected to be outstanding. As the Company does not have sufficient historical evidence for determining the expected term of the stock option awards granted, the expected life assumption has been determined using the simplified method, which is an average of the contractual term of the option and its ordinary vesting period.

Risk-free Interest Rate
The Company bases the risk-free interest rate assumption on zero-coupon U.S. treasury instruments appropriate for the expected term of the stock option grants.

Expected Volatility
The expected stock price volatility for the Company’s common stock is estimated based on the historic volatility of the Company’s common stock for a period equivalent to the expected term of the stock option grants.

Expected Dividend Yield
The Company bases the expected dividend yield assumption on the fact that there is no present intention to pay cash dividends. Therefore an expected dividend yield of zero has been used.

Performance-based awards

Stock options:

In December 2015, the Compensation Committee awarded performance-based equity compensation to nine executives and managers, including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, consisting of 38,460 shares in the form of stock options. The performance options have an exercise price of $9.94 per share, representing the average of the highest intraday bid and ask quotes for the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, December 16, 2015, and the preceding four trading days. The performance options will vest subject to the Company meeting an earnings per share target applicable to fiscal year 2018 set by the Compensation Committee so long as the employee is then employed by the Company.  The Company estimated the fair values of its stock options using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model. The estimated fair value of the stock options on the date of the grant was $185,000 and is being recognized over the requisite service period of the award. The unrecognized compensation is being expensed over three years. The expense for these employee stock option grants was $14,394 and $28,818 for the three and six-month periods ended April 1, 2017, respectively. The expense for these employee stock option grants was $13,602 and $16,260 for the three and six-month periods ended April 2, 2016, respectively.

In February 2017, the Compensation Committee awarded performance-based equity compensation to five executives and managers, consisting of 2,800 shares in the form of stock options. The performance options have an exercise price of $11.86 per share, representing the average of the highest intraday bid and ask quotes for the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, February 7, 2017, and the preceding four trading days. The performance options will vest on the later of the third anniversary of the grant date or the date the Compensation Committee determines that the Company has met the earnings per share target for fiscal year 2018. The Company estimated the fair values of its stock options using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model. The estimated fair value of the stock options on the date of the grant was $7,000 and is being recognized over the requisite service period of the award. The unrecognized compensation is being expensed over three years. The expense for these employee stock option grants was $1,010 for the three and six-month periods ended April 1, 2017, respectively.
 
8
A summary of performance-based option activity under the Plan as of April 1, 2017, and changes during the six months then ended, is presented below:

   
Shares
    
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
    
Weighted
Average
Remaining
 Contractual
Term
(Years)
    
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
  
                         
Outstanding as of September 30, 2016
    
38,460
    
$
9.94
      
4.21
    
$
-
  
Granted
    
2,800
      
11.86
      
2.86
      
-
  
Exercised
    
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
  
Forfeited or Expired
    
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
  
Outstanding at April 1, 2017
    
41,260
    
$
10.07
      
3.79
    
$
-
  
Exercisable
    
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
  
Vested and expected to vest
    
38,301
    
$
10.07
      
3.79
    
$
-
  

Restricted stock:

In December 2015, the Company granted 11,540 shares of restricted stock to four employees which will vest subject to the Company achieving the same earnings per share target applicable to fiscal year 2018 as for the stock options disclosed above, so long as the employee is then employed by the Company. The estimated fair value of the stock on the date of the grant was $116,000 based on the fair market value of stock on the date of issue. The unrecognized compensation is being expensed over three years. Management has assessed the performance criteria relating to these grants and concluded they are likely to be met. Accordingly, the relevant portion of the expense has been recorded through April 1, 2017. The expense for these restricted stock grants was $9,019 and $18,057 for the three and six-month periods ended April 1, 2017, respectively. The expense for these grants was $8,131 and $9,796 for the three and six-month periods ended April 2, 2016, respectively.

In March 2017, the Company granted 80,000 shares of restricted stock to two executives, which will vest subject to the Company achieving one or both financial targets for the 2017, 2018 and 2019 fiscal years. The shares of restricted stock shall be divided into six equal tranches (two per year). The estimated fair value of the stock on the date of the grant was $1,106,534 based on the fair market value of stock on the date of issue. The unrecognized compensation is being expensed over three years. Management has assessed the performance criteria relating to these grants and concluded they are likely to be met. Accordingly, the relevant portion of the expense has been recorded through April 1, 2017. The expense for these restricted stock grants was $57,059 for the three and six-month periods ended April 1, 2017.

Time-based awards

Stock options:

In August 2016, the Board of Directors awarded the Executive Chairman equity compensation consisting of stock options to purchase 56,700 shares. The options were granted in two tranches. The first tranche, consisting of 36,496 options with an exercise price of $10.93 per share, would vest in twelve substantially equal monthly installments beginning September 2016, and the second tranche, consisting of 20,204 options with an exercise price of $12.35 per share, would vest in twelve substantially equal monthly installments beginning September 2017, in each case so long as the director is in the position of Executive Chairman.  The Company estimated the fair values of its stock options using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model. The estimated fair value of the stock options on the date of the grant was $211,000.  The Executive Chairman position was terminated on December 6, 2016, as a result of which 12,165 vested options were exercisable for three months, and all un-vested options expired. On February 7, 2017 the director exercised 12,165 options via a cashless exercise in which 8,474 shares were surrendered to pay the exercise price. In the three months ended April 1, 2017 there was a reversal of expense of $9,694 and in the six months ended April 1, 2017 there was an expense of $20,890, in respect of these stock options grants.
 
9
A summary of time-based option activity under the Plan as of April 1, 2017, and changes during the six months then ended, is presented below:
 
   
Shares
    
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
    
Weighted
Average
Remaining
 Contractual
 Term
 (Years)
    
Aggregate
 Intrinsic
Value
  
Outstanding at September 30, 2016
    
12,165
    
$
10.93
      
4.08
    
$
-
  
Granted
    
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
  
Exercised
    
(12,165
)
    
(10.93
)
    
-
      
-
  
Outstanding at April 1, 2017
    
-
    
$
-
      
-
    
$
-
  
Exercisable
    
-
      
-
      
-
      
-
  
Vested
    
-
    
$
-
      
-
    
$
-
  

Restricted stock:

In February 2016, the Company granted 29,700 shares of restricted stock, representing 3,300 shares to each of the non-employee directors and the then emeritus directors of the Company, 26,400 of which vested on the day before the 2017 annual general meeting. The aggregate fair value of the stock measured on the date of the grant was $292,000 based on the closing sale price of the stock on the date of grant. Compensation expense was recognized on a straight-line basis over the twelve-month period to February 2017.  The expense for these restricted stock grants was $43,208 and $108,020 for the three and six-month periods ended April 1, 2017, respectively. The expense for these restricted stock grants was $21,604 for the three and six-month periods ended April 2, 2016.

In February 2017, the Company granted 145,000 shares of restricted stock to eleven employees, which will vest one-third each year on the third business day after the announcement of the Company’s results for the first quarter of fiscal 2018, 2019 and 2020. The aggregate fair value of the stock measured on the date of the grant was $2,039,020 based on the closing sale price of the stock on the date of grant. Compensation expense is being recognized on a straight-line basis over the period during which the forfeiture conditions lapse. The expense for these restricted stock grants was $56,639 for the three and six-month periods ended April 1, 2017.

In February 2017, the Company granted 24,800 shares of restricted stock, representing 3,100 shares to each of the non-employee directors and the emeritus director of the Company, which will vest on the day before the 2018 annual general meeting providing that the grantee remains a director or an emeritus director of the Company, or as otherwise determined by the Compensation Committee.  The aggregate fair value of the stock measured on the date of the grant was $344,244 based on the closing sale price of the stock on the date of grant.  Compensation expense is being recognized on a straight-line basis over the twelve-month period during which the forfeiture conditions lapse. The expense for these restricted stock grants was $28,865 for the three and six-month periods ended April 1, 2017.

In March 2017, the Company granted 12,800 shares of restricted stock representing 1,600 shares to each of the non-employee directors and the emeritus director of the Company, which will vest on the day before the 2018 annual general meeting providing that the grantee remains a director or an emeritus director of the Company, or as otherwise determined by the Compensation Committee.   The aggregate fair value of the stock measured on the date of the grant was $192,000 based on the closing sale price of the stock on the date of grant.  Compensation expense is being recognized on a straight-line basis over the twelve-month period during which the forfeiture conditions lapse. The expense for these restricted stock grants was $16,000 for the three and six-month periods ended April 1, 2017.

For the purposes of calculating average issued shares for basic earnings per share, these shares are only considered to be outstanding when the forfeiture conditions lapse and the shares vest.
 
10
A summary of restricted stock and stock option activity, including both performance-based awards and time-based awards, for the six-month period ended April 1, 2017, is as follows:

   
Number of shares of
Restricted Stock
    
Weighted Average
Grant-Date Fair
Value
  
Non-vested balance as of September 30, 2016
    
138,940
    
$
6.50
  
Granted
    
262,600
    
$
15.03
  
Vested
    
(86,400
)
  
$
7.44
  
Non-vested balance as of April 1, 2017
    
315,140
    
$
13.35
  
 
   
Number of shares
subject to Stock
Options
    
Weighted Average
Grant-Date Fair
Value
  
Non-vested balance as of September 30, 2016
    
50,625
    
$
4.67
  
Granted
    
2,800
    
$
2.65
  
Exercised
    
(12,165
)
  
$
4.39
  
Non-vested balance as of April 1, 2017
    
41,260
    
$
4.62
  

Stock-based compensation expense was $239,000 and $481,000 for the three and six-month periods ended April 1, 2017, respectively.  Stock-based compensation expense was $206,000 and $358,000 for the three and six-month periods ended April 2, 2016, respectively. At April 1, 2017, there was approximately $3,776,000 of unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted stock and stock options granted under the Plan. The Company expects to recognize that cost over a weighted average period of 2.2 years.

(5)
Common Stock Warrants

Sevcon entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement with certain institutional and accredited investors on July 6, 2016 in which the Company sold and issued 1,124,000 units at $9.12 per unit. Each unit consists of 1 share of common stock and 0.5 warrant to purchase 1 share of common stock for $10.00 exercise price per warrant share. The closing date of this transaction was July 8, 2016, which resulted in the Company receiving $10,250,880 of gross proceeds. The investors received 1,124,000 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase 562,000 shares of common stock.

The Company has analyzed the warrants under FASB Accounting Standards Codification Topic 480, Distinguishing Liabilities From Equity and other relevant literature, and determined that the warrants meet the criteria for classification as equity instruments. The Company estimated the fair value of the warrants using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model and recorded them in stockholders’ equity with an offset to additional paid in capital recorded from the sale of the units.

In February 2017, a warrant holder exercised the right to purchase 2,741 shares of common stock of the Company at the exercise price of $10.00 per share. Accordingly, the Company issued 2,741 shares of common stock for cash proceeds of $27,410.

(6)
Cash dividends

Common stock dividends – The Board of Directors suspended common stock dividends in 2009.

Preferred Stock dividends - At April 1, 2017 there were 431,288 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock issued and outstanding. The preferred stock, which has a stated value of $24 per share, pays a 4% cumulative annual dividend semi-annually on October 15 and April 15 each year. A semi-annual dividend of $207,018 was paid on April 17, 2017.  The next semi-annual dividend will be paid on October 16, 2017.
 
11
(7)
Calculation of earnings per share and weighted average shares outstanding

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing the net income or loss for the period by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. The computation of diluted earnings per share is similar to the computation of basic earnings per share, except that the denominator is increased for the assumed exercise of dilutive options and other potentially dilutive securities, including convertible preferred stock, using the treasury stock method unless the effect is anti-dilutive.

For the calculation of basic and diluted net loss per common share for the six-month period ended April 1, 2017, approximately 1,320,000 shares of common stock issuable on conversion of our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, approximately 156,000 shares of un-vested restricted stock and approximately 48,000 outstanding stock options were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because that would have been anti-dilutive for the period presented.

For the calculation of basic and diluted net loss per common share for the three-month period ended April 1, 2017, approximately 1,294,000 shares of common stock issuable on conversion of our Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, approximately 186,000 shares of un-vested restricted stock and approximately 45,000 outstanding stock options were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because that would have been anti-dilutive for the period presented.

Basic and diluted net loss per common share for the three and six-month periods ended April 1, 2017 and April 2, 2016, is calculated as follows:

   
(in thousands of dollars except per share data)
  
   
Three months ended
    
Six months ended
  
   
April 1, 2017
    
April 2, 2016
    
April 1, 2017
    
April 2, 2016
  
Numerator:
                        
Net loss attributable to common stockholders
  
$
(2,291
)
  
$
(1,694
)
  
$
(4,809
)
  
$
(1,683
)
Denominator:
                                
Weighted average shares used in calculating net loss per ordinary share - basic
    
5,294
      
3,911
      
5,254
      
3,709
  
Weighted average shares used in calculating net loss per ordinary share - diluted
    
5,294
      
3,911
      
5,254
      
3,709
  
Net loss per ordinary share - basic
  
$
(0.43
)
  
$
(0.43
)
  
$
(0.92
)
  
$
(0.45
)
Net loss per ordinary share - diluted
  
$
(0.43
)
  
$
(0.43
)
  
$
(0.92
)
  
$
(0.45
)

(8)
Segment information

The Company has three reportable segments: controls, capacitors and chargers. The controls segment produces microprocessor based control systems for zero-emission and hybrid electric vehicles. The capacitors segment produces special-metalized film capacitors for sale to electronic equipment manufacturers.  The chargers segment designs and manufactures battery chargers for electric vehicles. Each segment has its own management team and sales force and the capacitors and battery chargers segments have their own manufacturing facilities.

The significant accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in Note 2 and in 2016 10-K Note 1. Inter-segment revenues are accounted for at current market prices. The Company evaluates the performance of each segment principally based on operating income. The Company does not allocate corporate expense, acquisition expenses, interest expense, foreign currency translation gain/losses, interest income or income taxes to segments.
 
12
Information concerning operations of the reportable segments is as follows:

         
(in thousands of dollars)
  
         
Three months ended April 1, 2017
  
   
Controls
    
Capacitors
    
Chargers
    
Corporate
    
Total
  
Sales
    
8,085
      
446
      
7,141
      
-
      
15,672
  
Operating income (loss)
    
(2,094
)
    
84
      
203
      
(514
)
    
(2,321
)
Identifiable assets, excluding goodwill
    
30,291
      
988
      
22,192
      
4,576
      
58,047
  
Goodwill
    
1,435
      
-
      
6,298
      
-
      
7,733
  

         
Three months ended April 2, 2016
  
   
Controls
    
Capacitors
    
Chargers
    
Corporate
    
Total
  
Sales
    
8,799
      
402
      
3,980
      
-
      
13,181
  
Operating income (loss)
    
(612
)
    
(13
)
    
266
      
(1,312
)
    
(1,671
)
Identifiable assets, excluding goodwill
    
39,407
      
891
      
9,264
      
4,065
      
53,627
  
Goodwill
    
1,435
      
-
      
7,400
      
-
      
8,835
  

     
(in thousands of dollars)
  
     
Six months ended April 1, 2017
  
 
Controls
  
Capacitors
  
Chargers
  
Corporate
  
Total
  
Sales
    
15,221
      
693
      
12,301
      
-
      
28,215
  
Operating income (loss)
    
(4,145
)
    
23
      
188
      
(806
)
    
(4,740
)
Identifiable assets, excluding goodwill
    
30,291
      
988
      
22,192
      
4,576
      
58,047
  
Goodwill
    
1,435
      
-
      
6,298
      
-
      
7,733
  

         
Six months ended April 2, 2016
  
   
Controls
    
Capacitors
    
Chargers
    
Corporate
    
Total
  
Sales
    
17,506
      
810
      
3,980
      
-
      
22,296
  
Operating income (loss)
    
63
      
(56
)
    
266
      
(1,764
)
    
(1,491
)
Identifiable assets, excluding goodwill
    
39,407
      
891
      
9,264
      
4,065
      
53,627
  
Goodwill
    
1,435
      
-
      
7,400
      
-
      
8,835
  

Revenues by region below are based on the location of the business selling the products rather than the destination of the products.

   
(in thousands of dollars)
  
   
Three Months ended
    
Six Months ended
  
   
April 1, 2017
    
April 2, 2016
    
April 1, 2017
    
April 2, 2016
  
U.S. sales
  
$
4,254
    
$
3,594
    
$
8,198
    
$
7,697
  
Foreign sales:
                                
U.K.
    
2,465
      
3,254
      
3,829
      
6,708
  
Italy
    
7,025
      
3,980
      
12,186
      
3,980
  
France
    
1,867
      
2,249
      
3,400
      
3,533
  
China
    
61
      
104
      
602
      
378
  
Total foreign sales
    
11,418
      
9,587
      
20,017
      
14,599
  
Total sales
  
$
15,672
    
$
13,181
    
$
28,215
    
$
22,296
  
 
13
Long-term assets by region below are as follows:

   
(in thousands of dollars)
  
   
Six Months ended
  
   
April 1, 2017
    
September 30, 2016
  
U.S. long-term assets:
  
$
2,495
    
$
2,224
  
Foreign long-term assets:
                
U.K.
    
6,477
      
5,891
  
Italy
    
15,950
      
16,580
  
France
    
367
      
302
  
Korea, Japan, China
    
439
      
388
  
Total foreign long-term assets
    
23,233
      
23,161
  
Total long-term assets
  
$
25,728
    
$
25,385
  

(9)
Research and development

The cost of research and development programs is charged against income as incurred and amounted to $1,827,000 and $3,268,000 for the three and six-month periods ended April 1, 2017, respectively, net of U.K. government grants received, “above the line” tax credits arising from U.K. government research and development incentives as well as research and development expense associated with engineering services revenue recorded in cost of sales. The cost of research and development programs amounted to $1,347,000 and $2,207,000 for the three and six-month periods ended April 2, 2016, respectively, net of U.K. government grants received, “above the line” tax credits arising from U.K. government research and development incentives as well as research and development expense associated with engineering services revenue recorded in cost of sales.

In 2015 the Company was awarded a grant of approximately $625,000 by the U.K. Regional Growth Fund, a U.K. government body.  The grant is to develop an innovative range of low voltage motor controls which are designed to serve the emerging needs for on-road, automotive electrification.  The grant includes a commitment to create or safeguard a total of twenty jobs at the Company’s U.K. facility over the period of the project.  The Company recorded grant income from this project of $193,000, which was offset against the Company’s research and development expense on this project of $844,000 for the three months ended April 1, 2017. The Company recorded grant income from this project of $281,000 which was offset against the Company’s research and development expense on this project of $1,206,000, for the six months ended April 1, 2017. The Company recorded grant income from this project of $64,000 which was offset against the Company’s research and development expense on this project of $137,000, for the three months ended April 2, 2016. The Company recorded grant income from this project of $94,000 which was offset against the Company’s research and development expense on this project of $302,000, for the six months ended April 2, 2016

During 2015 through 2017, the Company participated in a U.K. government research and development arrangement which allows U.K. companies to receive an additional available tax credit subject to meeting certain qualifying conditions. The credit is a percentage, which currently ranges from 11% to 14.5% depending on circumstances, of qualifying research and development expenditure in the period. The credit discharges income tax the Company would have to pay or allows companies without an income tax liability to receive a refund payment from the U.K. government. For the three and six months ended April 1, 2017 the Company recorded $217,000 (three months ended April 2, 2016 - $0) and $351,000 (six months ended April 2, 2016 - $0), respectively, as a reduction in research and development expense in the unaudited consolidated statements of operations. The Company had an income tax receivable balance of $885,000 at April 1, 2017 from this initiative (September 30, 2016 - $985,000), which is included within prepaid expenses and other current assets on the unaudited consolidated balance sheets.
 
14
(10)
Income Taxes

The Company’s effective tax rate of 15.3% is significantly lower than the U.S. statutory rate of 34% primarily due to the fact that certain current year operating losses in the U.K. have been foregone in exchange for a cash refund, and in addition the local statutory rate in certain countries in which the Company operates, notably the U.K. (19%) and Italy, (24%) is lower than the U.S. statutory rate.

During the six-month period ended April 1, 2017, the Company’s deferred tax assets increased by $961,000. The Company continues to assess the need for a valuation allowance against these assets. In assessing the continuing need for a valuation allowance the Company has assessed the available means of recovering its deferred tax assets, including the ability to carryback net operating losses, the existence of reversing temporary differences, the availability of tax planning strategies, and available sources of future taxable income, including a revised estimate of future sources of pre-tax income. The Company has historically had profitable operations. The Company’s current projections reflect future profitable operations. Since the majority of the Company’s deferred tax assets relate to operations in countries where net operating losses have unlimited carry forwards, the Company has concluded that no valuation allowance is required on these deferred tax assets.

During the second quarter of 2017, the U.S. Internal Revenue Service initiated an audit of the Company’s U.S. federal income tax return for the period ended September 30, 2015.

(11)
Employee benefit plans

Sevcon has defined contribution plans covering the majority of its U.S. and U.K. employees in the controls business. There is also a small defined contribution plan covering senior managers in the capacitors business.  The Company has frozen U.K. and U.S. defined benefit plans for which no future benefits are being earned by employees. The Company uses a September 30 measurement date for its defined benefit pension plans.

The Company’s French subsidiary, Sevcon S.A.S., has a liability to pay its employees a service and salary-based award when they leave the Company’s employment at retirement age. This unfunded liability, recorded in accrued expenses, was $205,000 and $198,000 at April 1, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively. The obligation to pay this award is a French legal requirement.

The Company’s Italian subsidiary, Bassi S.r.l., has a liability to pay its employees a severance indemnity, ‘Trattamento di fine Rapporto’ (“TFR”) when they leave the Company’s employment.  TFR, which is mandatory for Italian companies, is deferred compensation and is based on the employees’ years of service and the compensation earned by the employee during the service period.  This unfunded liability, recorded in other long-term liabilities, was $991,000 and $987,000 at April 1, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively.

The following table sets forth the components of the net pension cost for the three and six-month periods ended April 1, 2017 and April 2, 2016, respectively:
 
   
(in thousands of dollars)
  
   
Three Months ended
    
Six Months ended
  
   
April 1, 2017
    
April 2, 2016
    
April 1, 2017
    
April 2, 2016
  
Interest cost
  
$
210
    
$
285
    
$
420
    
$
581
  
Service cost
    
-
      
33
      
-
      
33
  
Expected return on plan assets
    
(249
)
    
(276
)
    
(498
)
    
(565
)
Amortization of net loss
    
89
      
73
      
178
      
150
  
Net periodic benefit cost
    
50
      
115
      
100
      
199
  
Net cost of defined contribution plans
  
$
128
    
$
128
    
$
238
    
$
283
  
Net cost of all employee benefit plans
  
$
178
    
$
243
    
$
338
    
$
482
  
 
15
The following table sets forth the movement in the liability for pension benefits, all of which is non-current, in the six- month period ended April 1, 2017:

   
(in thousands of dollars)
  
   
Six Months ended
  
   
April 1, 2017
  
Liability for pension benefits at beginning of period
  
$
11,511
  
Interest cost
    
420
  
Expected return on plan assets
    
(498
)
Plan contributions
    
(379
)
Effect of exchange rate changes
    
(430
)
Liability for pension benefits at end of period
    
10,624
  

Sevcon, Inc. contributed $100,000 to its frozen U.S. defined benefit plan in the six months ended April 1, 2017; it presently anticipates contributing an additional $100,000 to fund its U.S. plan during the remainder of fiscal 2017. In addition, employer contributions to the frozen U.K. defined benefit plan were $279,000 in the first six months and are estimated to total $654,000 in 2017.

The tables below present information about the Company’s pension plan assets measured and recorded at fair value as of April 1, 2017 and September 30, 2016, and indicate the fair value hierarchy of the inputs utilized by the Company to determine the fair values.

   
(in thousands of dollars)
  
 
 
April 1, 2017
  
Level 1*
(Quoted prices in
active
markets)
    
Level 2**
(Significant
observable
inputs)
    
Level 3***
(Unobservable
inputs)
  
                   
Adept Strategy 9 Fund (a sub-fund of Adept Investment Management plc)
  
$
-
    
$
12,326
    
$
-
  
Schroder Matching Plus Nominal and Index Linked Liability Driven Investment Swap Funds (funds managed by Schroder Investment Management Limited)
    
-
      
4,837
      
-
  
U.S. Mutual Funds and Fixed Income Funds
    
2,838
      
-
      
-
  
U.S. Equity Funds
    
436
      
-
      
-
  
Other Types of Investments
    
-
      
-
      
-
  
Cash
    
421
      
-
      
-
  
Total Pension Plan Assets – Fair Value
  
$
3,695
    
$
17,163
    
$
-
  

   
(in thousands of dollars)
  
 
 
September 30, 2016
  
Level 1*
(Quoted prices in
active markets)
    
Level 2**
(Significant
observable
inputs)
    
Level 3***
(Unobservable
 inputs)
  
Adept Strategy 9 Fund (a sub-fund of Adept Investment Management plc)
  
$
-
    
$
13,268
    
$
-
  
Schroder Matching Plus Nominal and Index Linked Liability Driven Investment Swap Funds (funds managed by Schroder Investment Management Limited)
    
-
      
5,335
      
-
  
U.S. Mutual Funds and Fixed Income Funds
    
2,837
      
-
      
-
  
U.S. Equity Funds
    
400
      
-
      
-
  
Other Types of Investments
    
-
      
-
      
-
  
Cash
    
439
      
-
      
-
  
Total Pension Plan Assets – Fair Value
  
$
3,676
    
$
18,603
    
$
-
  
 
16
*
Level 1 investments represent mutual funds for which a quoted market price is available on an active market. These investments primarily hold stocks or bonds, or a combination of stocks and bonds.

**
Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. The Company’s pension plan financial assets held in the Adept Strategy 9 Fund and the Schroder investments are Level 2 assets. The Company uses the Net Asset Value to determine the fair value of underlying investments which (a) do not have readily determinable fair value; and (b) prepare their financial statements consistent with the measurement principles of an investment company. The Funds are not exchange traded. The Funds are not subject to any redemption notice periods or restrictions and can be redeemed on a daily basis. No gates or holdbacks or dealing suspensions are being applied to the Funds. The Funds are of perpetual duration.

***
The Company currently does not have any Level 3 pension plan financial assets.

The estimated benefit payments, which reflect future service, as appropriate, for the years ended September 30 are as
follows:

   
(in thousands
of dollars)
  
2017
  
$
470
  
2018
    
488
  
2019
    
494
  
2020
    
502
  
2021
    
499
  
2022 – 2026
  
$
2,722
  

(12)
Inventories

Inventory, net of reserve, is comprised of:

   
(in thousands of dollars)
  
   
April 1, 2017
    
September 30, 2016
  
Raw materials
  
$
6,857
    
$
6,532
  
Work-in-process
    
414
      
266
  
Finished goods
    
9,085
      
6,868
  
Total inventory, net of reserve
  
$
16,356
    
$
13,666
  

(13)
Property, Plant and Equipment, net

Property, plant and equipment, net of depreciation, is comprised of:

   
(in thousands of dollars)
  
   
April 1, 2017
    
September 30, 2016
  
Property, plant and equipment, gross:
            
Land and improvements
  
$
18
    
$
18
  
Buildings and improvements
    
1,036
      
1,069
  
Equipment
    
12,344
      
12,166
  
Total property, plant and equipment, gross
    
13,398
      
13,253
  
Less: accumulated depreciation
    
(9,507
)
    
(9,410
)
Net property, plant and equipment
  
$
3,891
    
$
3,843
  
 
17
(14)
Fair value of financial instruments

The Company's financial instruments consist mainly of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, trade receivables, accounts payable and debt. The carrying amount of these financial instruments, other than the debt, approximates their fair value as of April 1, 2017 due to their short-term nature. The fair value of the Company’s long-term bank debt at April 1, 2017 approximated $15,018,000 (the gross carrying value as of April 1, 2017 before the offset of debt issuance costs) based on recent financial market pricing. The bank debt represents a Level 2 liability in accordance with the fair value hierarchy described in Note 11.

(15)
Accrued expenses

Accrued expenses, in excess of 5% of total current liabilities, are as follows:

   
(in thousands of dollars)
  
   
April 1, 2017
    
September 30, 2016
  
Accrued compensation and related costs
  
$
1,803
    
$
1,945
  
Deferred revenue
    
1,605
      
548
  
Other accrued expenses
    
2,326
      
2,438
  
Total accrued expenses
  
$
5,734
    
$
4,931
  

(16)
Warranty reserves

The following table summarizes the warranty reserve activity:

   
(in thousands of dollars)
  
   
Three Months ended
    
Six Months ended
  
   
April 1, 2017
    
April 2, 2016
    
April 1, 2017
    
April 2, 2016
  
Warranty reserves at beginning of period
  
$
346
    
$
213
    
$
332
    
$
278
  
Warranty expense
    
30
      
-
      
101
      
5
  
Acquisition assumed liability
    
-
      
34
      
-
      
34
  
Warranty usage
    
(19
)
    
(5
)
    
(64
)
    
(72
)
Currency translation
    
3
      
7
      
(9
)
    
4
  
Warranty reserves at end of period
  
$
360
    
$
249
    
$
360
    
$
249
  

(17)
Debt

The Company’s U.K. controls and capacitors subsidiaries each have multi-currency overdraft facilities which together total $1,100,000 and are secured by real estate owned by those companies. In July 2016, the Company’s U.K. bank renewed these facilities for a twelve-month period, although they can be withdrawn on demand by the bank. The facilities were unused at April 1, 2017 and at September 30, 2016.

The Company entered into a €14,000,000 ($15,018,000 at April 1, 2017) credit facility with Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena S.p.A. (“MPS Bank”) on January 27, 2016. The loan and security agreement will expire on January 27, 2021 when all outstanding principal and unpaid interest will be due and payable in full.  The facility may be paid before maturity in whole or in part at the option of the Company, on or after the six-month anniversary of the funding date, without penalty or premium.  Interest on the loan is payable quarterly at a margin of 3% over EuroLIBOR, with a minimum EuroLIBOR rate of 0.0%.  The loan interest rate at April 1, 2017 was 3%. Under the facility, the Company must maintain, on an annual basis, a net debt to EBITDA ratio defined as the ratio of consolidation indebtedness of the Company and its subsidiaries, minus cash and marketable securities, to EBITDA of the Company and its subsidiaries, measured on a fiscal year basis, plus (under a December 2016 amendment) the net cash proceeds received by the Company from the issuance and sale of equity securities during such twelve-month  period, of no more than 3.5:1 for fiscal years 2016 and 2017 and a net debt to EBITDA ratio of no more than 3.0:1 thereafter.  Upon entering into the credit facility, the Company drew down €14,000,000 ($15,018,000), which was the total amount outstanding at April 1, 2017.  This amount is shown in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets under long-term debt.
 
18
Annual principal payments on long-term bank debt, net of debt issuance costs, and converted to U.S. dollars at the April 1, 2017 exchange rate of $1.0727 Euros per U.S. dollar, are as follows (in thousands of dollars):

2018
  
$
1,126
  
2019
    
1,502
  
2020
    
1,502
  
2021
    
10,888
  
     
15,018
  
Less: debt issuance costs
    
(183
)
Total
  
$
14,835
  

(18)
Commitments and Contingencies

Sevcon, Inc. and subsidiaries are involved in various legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business but the Company believes that it is remote that the outcome will be material to operations.

The Company maintains a directors' retirement plan which provides for certain retirement benefits to non-employee directors. Effective January 1997 the plan was frozen and no further benefits are being accrued. While the cost of the plan has been expensed, the plan is not separately funded. The estimated liability which has been recorded based on the cost of buying deferred annuities at April 1, 2017 and September 30, 2016 was $135,000 and $144,000, respectively.

On March 24, 2017 the company entered into a 15-year operating lease for land and buildings at a total commitment of £4,185,000 (approximately $5,227,000). The company is entitled to a rent-free period of 6 months and a further 24 months at half-rent.

Minimum rental commitments under all non-cancelable leases for the years ended September 30 are as follows: 2017 - $529,000; 2018 - $999,000; 2019 - $957,000; 2020 - $859,000; 2021 - $829,000 and $5,776,000 thereafter.

The U.K. subsidiaries of the Company have given to RBS NatWest Bank a security interest in certain leasehold and freehold property assets as security for overdraft facilities of $1,100,000 as mentioned in Note 17.

(19)
Changes in Other Comprehensive Loss

The following table illustrates changes in the balances of each component of accumulated other comprehensive loss in fiscal 2017 and 2016:

         
(in thousands of dollars)
  
   
Foreign Currency
Items
    
Defined Benefit
Pension Plans
    
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Loss
  
Balance September 30, 2015
    
(1,274
)
    
(9,730
)
    
(11,004
)
Other comprehensive loss
    
(996
)
    
(1,420
)
    
(2,416
)
Balance September 30, 2016
    
(2,270
)
    
(11,150
)
    
(13,420
)
Other comprehensive income
    
1,085
      
132
      
1,217
  
Balance April 1, 2017
    
(1,185
)
    
(11,018
)
    
(12,203
)
 
19
(20)
Related Parties

Bassi Holding (see Note 3) is considered a related party as a stockholder of the Company.

As of April 1, 2017 and September 30, 2016 there was a net payable balance of $1,514,000 and $1,858,000, respectively, due to Bassi Holding. This debt mainly relates to the dividends payable to Bassi Holding as a result of the acquisition on January 29, 2016 and it excludes rent payable, which is shown below.

During the three and six months ended April 1, 2017 the Company paid rent to Bassi Holding in the amount of $101,000 and $181,000 respectively. During the three and six months ended April 2, 2016 the Company paid rent to Bassi Holding in the amount of $54,000. As of April 1, 2017 and September 30, 2016 the Company owed $53,000 and $84,000, respectively, to Bassi Holding for rent.

During the quarter ended April 1, 2017, the Company’s U.K. subsidiary made short-term loans in amounts ranging from £2,820 to £39,274 to nine employees of that subsidiary to cover the employees’ income tax withholding obligations arising from the vesting of restricted stock. The amounts due the Company are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets at April 1, 2017. The loans were not approved by the Company’s Board of Directors. They included loans of £39,274 and £28,829 ($49,632 and $36,019 at the contemporary exchange rate), respectively, to the chief executive officer and chief financial officer. The loans to the chief executive officer and chief financial officer were repaid in full, with interest at the Inland Revenue-prescribed market rate of 3% per annum, promptly after they were disclosed to the Board of Directors in connection with the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the quarter.

(21)
Subsequent events

In preparing these interim consolidated financial statements, the Company has evaluated, for potential recognition or disclosure, events or transactions subsequent to the end of the most recent quarterly period, the issuance date of these financial statements.

No material subsequent events were identified that require recognition or disclosure in these financial statements.

(22)
Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09: “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)”, comprehensive new revenue recognition guidance which will supersede almost all existing revenue recognition guidance. It affects any entity that enters into contracts with customers for the transfer of goods or services. The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, in August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14: “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)”. This update was issued to defer the effective date of ASU No. 2014-09 by one year. Therefore, the effective date of ASU No. 2014-09 for public business entities is the annual reporting period beginning after December 15, 2017 including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on our consolidated financial statements. This guidance will be effective for the Company in fiscal year 2019.

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, Preparation of Financial Statements – Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40), Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern which states that under U.S. GAAP, continuation of a reporting entity as a going concern is presumed as the basis for preparing financial statements unless and until the entity’s liquidation becomes imminent. If and when an entity’s liquidation becomes imminent, financial statements should be prepared under the liquidation basis of accounting. Even when an entity’s liquidation is not imminent, there may be conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. In those situations, financial statements should continue to be prepared under the going concern basis of accounting, but the amendments in this ASU should be followed to determine whether to disclose information about the relevant conditions and events. The new guidance is effective for the Company’s annual reporting for fiscal 2017, and for annual periods and interim periods thereafter. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is assessing the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements and plans to adopt it in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2017.
 
20
In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-11: “Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory” which requires inventory within the scope of this standard to be measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. For public business entities, the guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on our consolidated financial statements. This guidance will be effective for the Company in fiscal year 2018.

In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-16: “Business Combinations (Topic 805)” which amends existing guidance related to measurement period adjustments associated with a business combination. The new standard requires the Company to recognize measurement period adjustments in the reporting period in which the adjustments are determined. The amendment removes the requirement to adjust prior period financial statements for these measurement period adjustments. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU, 2015-16 in fiscal year 2017, the implementation of which did not have any impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued FASB ASU No. 2016-02: “Leases (Topic 842)” in which the core principle is that a lessee should recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from leases. For operating leases, a lessee is required to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, in the balance sheet. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. The accounting applied by a lessor is largely unchanged from that applied under current U.S. GAAP. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on our consolidated financial statements. This guidance will be effective for the Company in fiscal year 2020.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09: “Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718)” simplifies several aspects of the accounting for employee share-based payment award transactions. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016 including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on our consolidated financial statements. This guidance will be effective for the Company in fiscal year 2018.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15: “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) – Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments” which addresses eight specific statement of cash flow issues with the objective of reducing diversity in practice. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on our consolidated financial statements. This guidance will be effective for the Company in fiscal year 2019.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16: “Income Taxes (Topic 740) Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory” which requires an entity to recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset (excluding inventory) when the transfer occurs instead of when the asset is sold to an outside party. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on our consolidated financial statements. This guidance will be effective for the Company in fiscal year 2019.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04: “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 740)” which simplifies the test for goodwill impairment. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within that reporting period. The Company is evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standard on our consolidated financial statements. This guidance will be effective for the Company in fiscal year 2021.
 
21
Item 2
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS

Statements in this discussion and analysis about the Company’s anticipated financial results and growth, as well as those about the development of its products and markets, including without limitation statements about the benefits that may be obtained from certain customer contracts, are forward-looking statements that are based on management’s present expectations and involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected. Important factors that could cause these statements not to be realized are set forth in the following discussion and also include the risks discussed under “Risk Factors” below and elsewhere in this report.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

As of April 1, 2017, there have been no material changes to the critical accounting estimates described in the Company’s 2016 10-K. However, if the business and economic realities vary from those assumed in these judgments and estimates, actual operating results may differ materially from the amounts derived from these judgments and estimates. In addition, if the continuing worldwide economic troubles continue to have a negative effect on our business, estimates used in future periods may vary materially from those included in the Company’s previous disclosures.

For example:

(i)
if the financial condition of any of the Company's customers deteriorates as a result of further business declines, the Company may be required to increase its estimated allowance for bad debts;

(ii)
if actual future demand is less than previously projected, inventory write-downs may be required; or

(iii)
significant negative industry or economic trends that adversely affect our future revenues and profits, or a reduction of our market capitalization relative to net book value, among other factors, may change the estimated future cash flows or other factors that we use to determine whether or not goodwill has been impaired and lead us to conclude that an impairment charge is required.

(iv)
if the allocation of the total consideration for Bassi, to the fair values of the tangible and intangible assets acquired, differs from the management estimates and judgments, the Company may be required to write-down the values of certain tangible or intangible assets or conclude that an impairment charge is required.

All of these factors, and others resulting from the current economic situation, may have a material adverse impact on the Company’s results.
 
22
OVERVIEW OF SECOND QUARTER

Results of Operations

Three months ended April 1, 2017 and April 2, 2016

The following table compares the results by segment for the three months ended April 1, 2017 with the same period in the prior year.

   
(in thousands of dollars)
  
   
Three months ended
  
   
April 1, 2017
    
April 2, 2016
    
Favorable
(unfavorable)
Change
  
Sales:
                  
Controls
  
$
8,085
    
$
8,799
    
$
(714
)
Capacitors
    
446
      
402
      
44
  
Chargers
    
7,141
      
3,980
      
3,161
  
Total Sales
    
15,672
      
13,181
      
2,491
  
Gross Profit:
                        
Controls
    
2,607
      
3,064
      
(457
)
Capacitors
    
239
      
168
      
71
  
Chargers
    
922
      
890
      
32
  
Total Gross Profit
    
3,768
      
4,122
      
(354
)
Operating, Research & Development (R&D) and acquisition expenses:
                        
Controls
    
(4,701
)
    
(3,676
)
    
(1,025
)
Capacitors
    
(155
)
    
(181
)
    
26
  
Chargers
    
(719
)
    
(624
)
    
(95
)
Unallocated corporate expense and acquisition expenses
    
(514
)
    
(1,312
)
    
798
  
Total operating, R&D and acquisition expenses
    
(6,089
)
    
(5,793
)
    
(296
)
Operating income (loss):
                        
Controls
    
(2,094
)
    
(612
)
    
(1,482
)
Capacitors
    
84
      
(13
)
    
97
  
Chargers
    
203
      
266
      
(63
)
Unallocated corporate expense and acquisition expenses
    
(514
)
    
(1,312
)
    
798
  
Total operating loss
    
(2,321
)
    
(1,671
)
    
(650
)
Interest expense
    
(142
)
    
(109
)
    
(33
)
Interest and other income
    
18
      
4
      
14
  
Foreign currency gain (loss)
    
(176
)
    
106
      
(282
)
Loss before income tax
    
(2,621
)
    
(1,670
)
    
(951
)
Income tax benefit
    
368
      
90
      
278
  
Net loss
    
(2,253
)
    
(1,580
)
    
(673
)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests
    
68
      
9
      
59
  
Net loss attributable to Sevcon, Inc. and subsidiaries
    
(2,185
)
    
(1,571
)
    
(614
)
Preferred share dividends
    
(106
)
    
(123
)
    
17
  
Net loss attributable to common stockholders
  
$
(2,291
)
  
$
(1,694
)
  
$
(597
)
 
23
Reported revenues in the second quarter of 2017 were $15,672,000 compared to $13,181,000 in the same quarter last year, a 19% increase year-on-year. Bassi revenues were $7,141,000 for the second quarter of 2017 compared to $3,980,000 in the two months post-acquisition in the same quarter last year, an increase of 79% in chargers segment revenues year-on-year. Revenues in the controls and capacitors businesses combined were $8,531,000 compared to $9,201,000 in the same fiscal quarter last year, a reduction of 7%. Foreign currency fluctuations decreased reported sales in the second quarter of 2017 by $1,324,000, or 10%, mainly due to a stronger U.S. Dollar compared to both the British pound and the euro than in the prior year period. Excluding the impact of foreign currency fluctuations, sales would have been 29% higher than the prior-year period.

The weak demand conditions in our industrial off-road markets experienced since the second-half of 2016 continued in the second quarter of 2017, with both airport ground support and aerial work platform sales down by double-digits compared to the same period last year, although small but welcome improvements were seen in sales to mining vehicle manufacturers and sales to manufacturers of what we term “other electric vehicles”, which includes a wide range of applications. Excluding Bassi, the decline in our controls business in the second quarter of 2017, was mainly due to the traditional end-use markets in Asia, which suffered a 51% reduction in sales volume in the second quarter compared to last year. Our capacitors business saw double digit revenue improvement in the second quarter of 2017 compared with the first quarter of 2017 and revenue was also 3% higher than the same period last year. In the on-road market, both two-wheel and four-wheel sectors combined, sales in the second quarter of 2017  were up 21% from the same period last year, due mainly to improved product shipments in North America and Asia, partly offset by a small decline in Europe.  This business will continue to fluctuate from quarter to quarter due to the timing of orders as we ramp up this business.  Revenues year-on-year in the two-wheel sector were up 231% in the second quarter of 2017 compared with the same period last year. Revenues from sales to manufacturers of four-wheel vehicles were down 14% in the second quarter of 2017 compared with the same period last year.

In terms of geography, revenues were 51% lower in Asia, almost entirely due to the macroeconomic challenges in the industrial sector, specifically the lack of demand in the aerial work platform market. A significant component of the demand issue with aerial work platform continues to be customers carrying higher-than-average inventory.  We expect that inventory to come down and aerial work platform demand to start to rebound in the coming quarters. In North America, sales were 43% higher than in the same period in 2016, of which one quarter of the increase came from the controls segment and three quarters from increased sales to North American chargers customers. Sales in Europe were 11% higher in the second quarter of 2017 compared to the same period last year, reflecting higher sales in the chargers segment partially offset by a double digit decline in sales to industrial customers in the controls segment.

The Company’s joint venture (“JV”) in China continues to make progress. In China we are initially targeting four-wheel on-road electric and hybrid vehicle applications in what is becoming the world’s largest market for two- and four-wheel electric vehicles. We have had another quarter of testing with one substantial Chinese OEM and we expect to begin production shipments in the second half of 2017.

Our Bassi acquisition continues to perform above our expectations with 44% revenue growth in the second quarter compared to the equivalent three-month period in the prior year (which includes one month prior to the acquisition in January 2016) and we are seeing that success continue into the third quarter of 2017.

Engineering services continues to be an increasingly important element of our revenue in our controls segment. Many new customers, mainly on-road vehicle manufacturers, require a bespoke product to meet their specific needs. They pay us to engineer existing Sevcon products to provide them with a reliable solution. This process results in a shorter time to market and lower development costs for our customer. We believe that our experience allows us to complete projects faster than the competition, and with known system performance. We generally account for engineering services under the “percentage of completion” accounting method.  As a result, our revenue for engineering services is a function of the number of hours worked by individuals on a project at specified rates as a proportion of an agreed program of work. Our cost to deliver the project is a function of labor cost and overhead recovery. Reported progress on projects is the achievement of project milestones. The number and timing of milestones differs from project to project, in general, however, achievement of a milestone brings the prospect of production ever nearer.

We are currently conducting engineering services work on several projects, all of which are expected to go into production in 2017-2018, and beyond. A multi-year project is generally very intense in terms of hours worked for the first twelve months as we develop the product and software. Subsequent time is spent on the refinement of the initial development, product testing, the validation of the product to safety standards and product certification. The customer is not obligated to purchase the product that is developed, but we believe our progress in milestones on an engineering services contract is a good way to assess the likelihood that a production program will commence at some point in the future.
 
24
Gross profit of $3,768,000 was 24% of sales in the second quarter, compared to $4,122,000 or 31% of sales in the same quarter last year. The reduction in the gross profit percentage reflects a higher proportion of sales attributable to the lower margin chargers business in 2017 and also an increasing proportion of engineering services revenue, which is generally at a lower gross profit percentage than product sales. Gross profit in the chargers business was $922,000 (13% of sales) for the second quarter of 2017. Gross profit for the controls and capacitors segments combined, was $2,846,000 (33% of sales) in the second quarter, compared to $3,232,000 (35% of sales) in the same quarter last year.

Operating, research and development and acquisition expenses were $6,089,000, including $719,000 of chargers business costs, compared to $5,793,000 in the same quarter last year, which included $624,000 of chargers business costs and $1,101,000 of Bassi acquisition expenses. Included in the chargers business expense in the quarter of $719,000, we recorded $268,000 of non-cash expense from the amortization of intangible assets and fair value adjustments arising from the business combination with Bassi. The prior period chargers business expense of $624,000 included $302,000 of amortization of intangible assets and fair value adjustments. Operating expenses in the controls and capacitors businesses combined, excluding unallocated corporate expense, were $4,856,000 compared to $3,857,000 in the prior year period. The increase of $999,000 largely reflects the increased investment in engineering and research and development expense, including new hires, associated with the delivery of the engineering phase of the Company’s new project pipeline. Unallocated corporate expense of $514,000 included $230,000 related to a contested director election which occurred in the second quarter.

There was an operating loss for the second quarter of $2,321,000 compared with an operating loss of $1,671,000 in the same period last year which included Bassi acquisition expenses of $1,101,000.

Included in other income and expense for the quarter was a foreign currency loss of $176,000 compared with a foreign currency gain of $106,000 in the second quarter of last year. The loss in the quarter largely reflects the impact of the continued weakening of the British pound following the referendum on the U.K.’s membership in the European Union, which advised for the exit of the U.K. from the European Union (“Brexit”). During the second quarter, we recorded a charge of $142,000 for interest which was largely interest payable on the credit facility partly used to finance the Bassi acquisition in January last year.

The Company recorded a loss before income taxes of $2,621,000 in the second quarter of 2017, compared to a loss before income taxes of $1,670,000 in the same period last year. There was an income tax benefit of $368,000 in the period compared with a benefit of $90,000 in the same period last year. The income tax benefit of 15.3% in the second quarter of 2017 was lower than the statutory Federal income tax rate of 34% for several reasons. The main items which reduced the effective tax rate were foreign tax rate differentials and the surrender of U.K. trading losses for cash research incentives.

After adjusting for a $68,000 net loss relating to the Company’s non-controlling interest in the Chinese joint venture and recording a preferred share dividend of $106,000, there was a net loss attributable to the stockholders of $2,291,000 or a loss of ($0.43) per diluted share, compared to a net loss of $1,694,000, and also ($0.43) per diluted share, in the same quarter last year after recording a preferred share dividend of $123,000.
 
25
Six months ended April 1, 2017 and April 2, 2016

The following table compares the results by segment for the six months ended April 1, 2017 with the same period in the prior year.

   
(in thousands of dollars)
  
   
Six months ended
  
   
April 1, 2017
    
April 2, 2016
    
Favorable
(unfavorable)
Change
  
Sales:
                  
Controls
  
$
15,221
    
$
17,506
    
$
(2,285
)
Capacitors
    
693
      
810
      
(117
)
Chargers
    
12,301
      
3,980
      
8,321
  
Total Sales
    
28,215
      
22,296
      
5,919
  
Gross Profit:
                        
Controls
    
4,589
      
7,038
      
(2,449
)
Capacitors
    
316
      
310
      
6
  
Chargers
    
1,616
      
890
      
726
  
Total Gross Profit
    
6,521
      
8,238
      
(1,717
)
Operating, Research & Development (R&D) and acquisition expenses:
                        
Controls
    
(8,734
)
    
(6,975
)
    
(1,759
)
Capacitors
    
(293
)
    
(366
)
    
73
  
Chargers
    
(1,428
)
    
(624
)
    
(804
)
Unallocated corporate expense and acquisition expenses
    
(806
)
    
(1,764
)
    
958
  
Total operating, R&D and acquisition expenses
    
(11,261
)
    
(9,729
)
    
(1,532
)
Operating income (loss):
                        
Controls
    
(4,145
)
    
63
      
(4,208
)
Capacitors
    
23
      
(56
)
    
79
  
Chargers
    
188
      
266
      
(78
)
Unallocated corporate expense and acquisition expenses
    
(806
)
    
(1,764
)
    
958
  
Total operating loss
    
(4,740
)
    
(1,491
)
    
(3,249
)
Interest expense
    
(280
)
    
(131
)
    
(149
)
Interest and other income
    
36
      
12
      
24
  
Foreign currency gain (loss)
    
(618
)
    
35
      
(653
)
Loss before income tax
    
(5,602
)
    
(1,575
)
    
(4,027
)
Income tax benefit
    
857
      
79
      
778
  
Netloss
    
(4,745
)
    
(1,496
)
    
(3,249
)
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests
    
133
      
47
      
86
  
Net loss attributable to Sevcon, Inc. and subsidiaries
    
(4,612
)
    
(1,449
)
    
(3,163
)
Preferred share dividends
    
(197
)
    
(234
)
    
37
  
Net loss attributable to common stockholders
  
$
(4,809
)
  
$
(1,683
)
  
$
(3,126
)
 
26
Sales in the six months ended April 1, 2017 were $28,215,000, an increase of $5,519,000 or 25%, compared to the same period last year, which reflected the acquisition of Bassi in January 2016. Sales in the chargers business for the six months ended April 1, 2017 were $12,301,000 compared to $3,980,000 in the two month period post-acquisition last year, an increase of $8,321,000. Sales in the controls and capacitors businesses combined for the six months ended April 1, 2017 were $15,914,000 compared to $18,316,000 in the same period last year, a decrease of 13%. Foreign currency fluctuations decreased reported sales in the first six months of the year by $2,222,000, or 10%, mainly due to a stronger U.S. Dollar compared to both the British pound and the euro, than in the prior year period. Excluding the impact of the chargers segment and the adverse impact of foreign currency fluctuations, sales would have been less than 1% lower than in the prior-year period.

In the controls segment, sales in the six month period to April 1, 2017 were 4% higher in North America but were 2% lower in Europe and 79% lower in Asia compared to the same period last year. The reductions in Asia and Europe year-on-year were largely due to lower demand from the Company’s traditional industrial markets, principally aerial work platform, airport ground support, fork lift truck and mining applications. This reduction in reported sales in the Company’s traditional markets was largely driven by global macro-economic factors.  In addition, several customers reported that they were reducing inventories which had built up during the first half of our fiscal year.  The demand from mining customers was 19% lower in the six month period to April 1, 2017 compared with the same period last year, reflecting the continuing difficult conditions in mining worldwide.  Revenues in the on-road, four-wheel sector were 34% higher in the six month period to April 1, 2017, compared to the same period in 2016. This increase reflected revenues from engineering services associated with electrification projects.  Revenues in the on-road, two-wheel sector were flat in the six month period to April 1, 2017, compared to the same period in 2016.

Volumes shipped in the capacitors business were 18% lower than in the same period last year.  A combination of factors reduced sales in the capacitors business, including general macro-economic factors and a reduction in orders from the railway signaling customer base.

Gross profit of $6,521,000 was 23% of sales in the six month period ended April 1, 2017 compared to $8,238,000, or 37%, of sales, in the comparable period in 2016. The reduction in the gross profit percentage reflects the inclusion of the lower margin chargers business in 2017 and also an increasing proportion of engineering services revenue, which is generally at a lower gross profit percentage than product sales. Gross profit in the chargers business in the six month period ended April 1, 2017 was $1,616,000 or 13% of sales compared to $890,000 or 22% of sales in the same period last year, reflecting adverse customer mix. Gross profit in the controls and capacitors businesses combined in the six month period ended April 1, 2017, was $4,905,000 (31% of sales) compared to $7,348,000 (40% of sales) in the same period last year, reflecting the higher proportion of lower margin engineering services revenue and also the impact of the severe decline in revenues in Asia.

Operating, research and development and acquisition expenses, were $11,261,000 in the first six months of the year, an increase of $1,532,000 compared with the same period last year which included acquisition expenses of $1,417,000.  Operating costs in the chargers business were $1,428,000 during the period compared to $624,000 in the prior period. The first six months of 2016 also included acquisition expenses of $1,417,000. Excluding the chargers business and acquisition expenses, operating costs in the business were $9,833,000 compared to $7,688,000 in the same period last year, reflecting the continuing investment in engineering and research and development expense, including new hires, associated with the delivery of the engineering phase of the Company’s new project pipeline.

Research and development expense increased by $1,061,000 compared to the first six months of last year.  This increase year-on-year reflects our ongoing commitment to product development and improvement and the additional resources invested in converting our pipeline of opportunities into projects.

The Company recorded an operating loss for the first six months of 2017 of $4,740,000 compared with a loss of $1,491,000 in the same period last year.  The operating income for the chargers business for the six-month period was $188,000 after recording a non-cash expense of $503,000 from the amortization of intangible assets and fair value adjustments arising from the business combination.  There was an operating loss in the controls business of $4,145,000 while the capacitors business recorded operating income of $23,000.

Included in other income and expense for first half year was a foreign currency loss of $618,000 and a net interest expense of $244,000, which mainly related to the credit facility partly used to finance the Bassi acquisition in January last year.
 
27
In the first six months of 2017 the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $857,000, or 15.3% of the loss before income tax, compared to an income tax benefit of $79,000, or 5.0% of income before income tax in the same period in 2016. The income tax benefits recorded of 15.3% in 2017 and 5.0% in 2016 are lower than the statutory Federal income tax rate of 34% for several reasons; the main items being foreign tax rate differentials and the surrender of U.K. trading losses for cash research incentives. In addition, in the prior period, there were acquisition expenses of $1,417,000 which are not a deductible expense for income tax purposes.

After adjusting for a $133,000 net loss relating to the Company’s non-controlling interest in the Chinese joint venture, there was a net loss attributable to the stockholders of $4,612,000 or a loss of ($0.92) per diluted share, compared to a net loss of $1,449,000, or ($0.45) per diluted share, in the same period last year.  The Company recorded a preferred share dividend of $197,000 for the first six months of 2017 compared with $234,000 for the same period last year.

Financial Condition

During the six-month period ended April 1, 2017 the Company experienced an operating loss of $4,740,000 and a decrease in cash of $8,463,000 from $14,127,000 at September 30, 2016 to $5,664,000 at April 1, 2017. This negative performance largely reflected difficult conditions in the Company’s traditional controls markets and continuing investment in research and development expense associated with the delivery of the engineering phase of the Company’s new project pipeline. At April 1, 2017 the Company had net current assets of $22,246,000 including cash of $5,664,000. Against this background management has conducted a review of the Company’s cash requirements for the next twelve months taking into account existing cash resources, forecast cash from future operations and existing borrowing facilities. In addition, the Company has taken steps to secure further financing. Based on this assessment of the Company’s cash requirements and the financing it believes is available, management believes that the group has sufficient funds available for the next twelve months for its activities under execution.

Excluding the impact of currency fluctuations, trade and other receivables increased by $1,669,000 in the period, which decreased cash. Inventories and prepaid expenses and other current assets increased by a combined $4,479,000, which also reduced cash during the period. Accounts payable, accrued expenses and accrued taxes increased by a combined $2,821,000, which increased cash during the period. The number of days sales in receivables increased by six days from 72 days sales at September 30, 2016 to 78 days sales at April 1, 2017, reflecting the higher proportion of receivables in Europe, which generally has longer receivables days than in North America. Capital expenditures in the first six months were $653,000. Exchange rate changes increased reported cash by $737,000 in the first six months of 2017.

The Company’s U.K. controls and capacitors subsidiaries each have multi-currency overdraft facilities which together total $1,100,000 and which are secured by real estate owned by those companies. In July 2016, the Company’s U.K. Bank renewed these facilities for a twelve-month period although, in line with normal practice in Europe, they can be withdrawn on demand by the bank. The facilities were unused at April 1, 2017 and at September 30, 2016. Management believes that, if these facilities were withdrawn, adequate alternative credit resources would be available. However, this would depend on the Company’s situation and the economic environment at the time. Accordingly, management does not rely on their availability in projecting the adequacy of the Company’s capital resources.

The Company entered into a €14,000,000 (approximately $15,018,000 at April 1, 2017) credit facility with MPS Bank on January 27, 2016. The loan and security agreement will expire on January 27, 2021 when all outstanding principal and unpaid interest will be due and payable in full.  The facility may be paid before maturity in whole or in part at the option of the Company, on or after the six-month anniversary of the funding date, without penalty or premium.  Interest on the loan is payable quarterly at a margin of 3% over EuroLIBOR, with a minimum EuroLIBOR rate of 0.0%.  Under the facility, the Company must maintain, on an annual basis, a net debt to EBITDA ratio defined as the ratio of consolidation indebtedness of the Company and its subsidiaries, minus cash and marketable securities, to EBITDA of the Company and its subsidiaries, measured on a fiscal year basis, plus (under a December 2016 amendment) the net cash proceeds received by the Company from the issuance and sale of equity securities during such twelve-month  period, of no more than 3.5:1 for fiscal years 2016 and 2017 and a net debt to EBITDA ratio of no more than 3.0:1 thereafter.  The Company would consider raising additional equity capital if necessary to ensure compliance with this covenant at year-end. Upon entering into the credit facility, the Company drew down €14,000,000 (approximately $15,018,000), which was the total amount outstanding at April 1, 2017.  This amount is shown in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet under long-term debt. The carrying value of the debt approximated to fair value based on current interest rates.

There were no significant capital expenditure commitments at April 1, 2017. It is estimated that the Company will make contributions to its U.K. and U.S. defined benefit pension plans of approximately $854,000 in fiscal 2017; should the Company suffer a material reduction in revenues in 2017 this commitment could adversely impact the Company’s financial position.
 
28
The outlook continues to remain uncertain given the continuing worldwide economic situation and in particular the low economic growth environment in Europe and North America, the turmoil caused by the U.K.’s Brexit referendum, and the continuing austerity measures in certain parts of Europe. In the opinion of management, the Company’s requirements for working capital to meet projected operational and capital spending at forecast levels in both the short and long-term can be met by a combination of existing cash resources, cash from operations, existing borrowing facilities in Europe and the availability of further financing. Any material reduction in revenues will have a materially adverse impact on the Company’s financial position, which would be exacerbated if any of the Company’s lenders withdraws or reduces available credit. If the Company is unable to generate sufficient cash from operations and if the bank overdraft facilities are withdrawn, the Company would need to raise additional debt or equity capital from other sources to avoid significantly curtailing its business and materially adversely affecting its results.

However, management has said that in order to further increase the rate of growth and improve shareholder value we would need to continue to increase our investment in engineering and other technical resources. We may do this organically, through the acquisition of other businesses, or both. In either case, we may need to raise additional debt or equity capital. Such capital may not be available to us at a reasonable cost, or at all.

Item 3
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

As a smaller reporting company, the Company is not required to respond to this item however we are providing the following information about our foreign currency and interest rate risks to supplement the disclosure in Item 2.

Foreign currency risk

The Company sells to customers throughout the industrialized world. The majority of the Company’s products are manufactured in, or sourced from, the U.K. In the first six months of 2017, approximately 60% of the Company’s sales were made in Euros, 33% in U.S. Dollars and 7% in British Pounds. Approximately 87% of the Company’s cost of sales was incurred in British Pounds and Euros. This resulted in the Company’s sales and margins being exposed to fluctuations due to the change in the exchange rates of the U.S. Dollar, the British Pound and the Euro. The Company has trade accounts receivable and accounts payable denominated in both British Pounds and Euros that are exposed to exchange fluctuations.

In addition, the translation of the sales and income of foreign subsidiaries into U.S. Dollars is also subject to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.

The following table provides information about the Company’s foreign currency accounts receivable, accounts payable and firmly committed sales contracts outstanding as of April 1, 2017. The information is provided in U.S. Dollar amounts, as presented in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The table presents the amounts at which the Company’s foreign currency accounts receivable, accounts payable and firmly committed sales contracts as of April 1, 2017 are expected to mature based on the exchange rate of the relevant foreign currency to U.S. Dollars at April 1, 2017:
 
29
   
(in thousands of dollars)
  
   
Expected maturity or
transaction date
        
   
Fiscal 2017
    
Fair Value
  
On balance sheet financial instruments:
            
In $ U.S. Functional Currency
            
Accounts receivable in British Pounds
    
895
      
895
  
Accounts receivable in Euros
    
8,500
      
8,500
  
Accounts payable in British Pounds
    
735
      
735
  
Accounts payable in Euros
    
8,517
      
8,517
  
Anticipated Transactions
                
In $ U.S. Functional Currency
                
Firmly committed sales contracts
                
In British Pounds
    
1,893
      
1,893
  
In Euros
    
7,711
      
7,711
  

Interest Rate Risk

Under the Company’s credit facility with MPS Bank interest is payable quarterly at a margin of 3% over EuroLIBOR, with a minimum EuroLIBOR rate of 0.0%. The interest rate as of April 1, 2017 was 3.0%.

The Company invests surplus funds in instruments with maturities of less than 12 months at both fixed and floating interest rates. The Company incurs short-term borrowings from time-to-time on its overdraft facilities in Europe at variable interest rates. Due to the short-term nature of the Company’s investments at April 1, 2017 the risk arising from changes in interest rates was not material.

Item 4
Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures

Our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, after evaluating the effectiveness of the Company’s “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Rule 13a-15(e)), have concluded that, as of April 1, 2017, these disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Changes in internal control over financial reporting

During the quarter ended April 1, 2017, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer authorized our U.K. subsidiary to make short-term loans in amounts ranging from £2,820 to £39,274 to nine employees of that subsidiary to cover the employees’ income tax withholding obligations arising from the vesting of restricted stock. The loans were not approved by the Company’s Board of Directors notwithstanding the documented internal controls requiring such approval. They included loans of £39,274 and £28,829 ($49,632 and $36,019 at the contemporary exchange rate), respectively, to the chief executive officer and chief financial officer, which loans may have violated Section 13(k) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Section 402 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act). The loans to the chief executive officer and chief financial officer were repaid in full, with interest, promptly after they were disclosed to the Board of Directors in connection with the preparation of the Company’s financial statements for the quarter.

These events and the Company’s applicable internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Rule 13a-15(f)) and disclosure controls and procedures were reviewed by management and the Audit Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors. They concluded that there was no deficiency in the design of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. However, they concluded that there was a material weakness in the operation of the internal control over financial reporting because the applicable internal controls, as well as the potential statutory prohibition, had been overlooked by the chief executive officer and chief financial officer in approving and accepting the loans, as well as by the next level of finance department employees who should have prevented the action.
 
30
Notwithstanding the deficiency in internal control over financial reporting described above, the Committee concluded that the loans were recorded, processed, summarized and reported correctly and within the requisite time periods in the Company’s financial statements as at April 1, 2017, and we believe that our Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Form 10-Q present fairly, in all material respects, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.

To remedy the deficiency in internal control over financial reporting, the Board of Directors has, on the Audit Committee’s recommendation, imposed monetary sanctions on the chief executive officer and chief financial officer. The officers have reviewed and acknowledged their understanding of, and intention to comply with, the applicable internal controls. In addition, the Company is providing additional training to the finance department employees to ensure that the documented controls are followed.  Our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have identified no other change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

PART II.
OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1
Legal Proceedings

None.

ITEM 1A
RISK FACTORS

CERTAIN RISKS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS

The Company believes that the following represent the most significant risk factors related to its business, the occurrence of any of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and share price:

We have incurred operating losses and reduced cash flow, and we anticipate that we will need to raise additional funds to finance operations.

We have experienced operating losses during the last two fiscal quarters as well as our last fiscal year, as well as declines in cash flows from operating activities. This negative performance was largely due to difficult conditions in our traditional controls markets and continuing investment in research and development expense associated with the delivery of the engineering phase of our project pipeline, both of which conditions are expected to continue. We anticipate needing to raise additional capital to fund our operations, including to support our existing and anticipated new research and development activities. The level of our cash needs will depend on numerous factors, principally our ability to grow revenues. If additional funds were raised through the issuance of equity securities or convertible debt securities, it would be dilutive to our stockholders and could result in a decrease in our stock price. If we are unable to secure such additional financing, it will have a material adverse effect on our business and we may have to limit operations.

The Bassi business we acquired may not generate the revenue and earnings we anticipate and may otherwise adversely affect our business.

Our acquisition of Bassi S.r.l. was a significant transaction for us. If we fail to successfully integrate and manage its business, or if the acquisition does not further our business strategy as we expect, our operating results will be adversely affected. Among the risks are the following:

  ·
the number of customers for Bassi products may not grow as predicted and demand for chargers may fall short of forecasts;

·
there may be unanticipated difficulties in operating the acquired business, whether due to technological issues, the potential incompatibility of business cultures, or otherwise;

·
we may have difficulty entering new markets where we have limited or no prior experience or where competitors may have stronger market positions;
 
31
·
we may not be able to combine the two companies’ product lines as effectively as we anticipate, and the market for the combined products may not be as great as we believe;

·
there are risks inherent in Bassi’s sole source manufacturing that may hinder us from producing as much Bassi product as we anticipate;

·
our management resources may be inadequate, or there may be other barriers, to successfully integrate the two companies’ operations and establish suitable financial controls;

·
We may incur unanticipated legal or financial disabilities in the acquired business

Capital markets are cyclical and weakness in the U.S. and international economies may harm our business.
 
The Company’s traditional customers are mainly manufacturers of capital goods such as fork lift trucks, aerial lifts and railway signaling equipment. These markets are cyclical and depend heavily on worldwide transportation, shipping and other economic activity. They experienced a significant decline in demand during the recent global recession. Further, as our business has expanded globally, we have become increasingly subject to the risks arising from adverse changes in global economic conditions. Market conditions fluctuate, and there is considerable economic instability, particularly in the Eurozone. As a result, current or potential customers may be unable to fund purchases or manufacturing of products, which could cause them to delay, decrease or cancel purchases of our products or not to pay the Company or to delay paying for previously purchased products. In addition, continuing instability in the European credit markets may cause the Company to lose its current overdraft facilities and be unable otherwise to obtain financing for operations as needed.

Demand for on-road electric vehicles incorporating our products may not materialize.

The Company is increasingly involved in developing products for the on-road electric vehicle market. We have relationships with customers that incorporate or plan to incorporate our products into their electric vehicle (“EV”) products. Our competitors and others are also developing products for other entrants in the EV market, with similar and competing technologies. If our development projects do not convert to product sales, our customers’ products or technology are not successful commercially, or worldwide demand for EVs fails to grow as much as we hope, we may not realize the anticipated demand for our products in the EV market, which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

The Company relies on a small number of key customers for a substantial portion of its revenues.

Ten customers accounted for 51% of the Company’s revenues for the six months ended April 1, 2017 and the largest customer accounted for 17% of revenues. Although we have had business relationships with some of these customers for many years, our relationships with on-road EV customers are newer and, in any event, there are no long-term contractual supply agreements in place with any customer. Accordingly our performance could be adversely affected by the loss of one or more of these key customers.

The Company has substantial sales and operations outside the U.S. that could be adversely affected by changes in international markets.

A significant portion of our operations is located, and a significant portion of our business comes from, outside the U.S. Accordingly, our performance could be adversely affected by economic downturns in Europe or the Far East as well as in the U.S. A consequence of significant international business is that a large percentage of our revenues and expenses are denominated in foreign currencies that fluctuate in value versus the U.S. dollar. Significant fluctuations in foreign exchange rates can and do have a material impact on our financial results, which are reported in U.S. dollars. Other risks associated with international business include: changing regulatory practices and tariffs; staffing and managing international operations, including complying with local employment laws; longer collection cycles in certain areas; and changes in tax and other laws.
 
32
The loss of government support may adversely affect the Company’s Chinese Joint Venture

The Company has a joint venture to market product in China. The Chinese market is volatile and is susceptible to additional volatility based on the promotion or absence of government support. Should the Chinese government change its support for environmental improvement, it may adversely affect the sales of hybrid and pure electric vehicles and our ability to grow as quickly as the Company envisages.

The continuing debt crisis in the Eurozone may have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results, which could adversely affect our stock price.

There continues to be significant uncertainty about the stability of global credit and financial markets in light of the continuing debt crisis in certain European countries.  A default or a withdrawal from the Eurozone by any of the countries involved, or the uncertainty alone, could cause the value of the Euro to deteriorate.  This, or a change to a local currency, would reduce the purchasing power of affected European customers. We are unable to predict the likelihood of any of these events but, if any occurs, our business, financial position and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

Program development timescales are long and can be cancelled, depriving us of product sales

In certain markets in which the Company operates, and in particular in the Company’s new market sectors, non-recurring engineering development programs may take several years to complete, and programs can be cancelled by the customer at short notice. Cancellation of an engineering development program would potentially result in the Company not being able to sell the expected products.

We may not be able to increase our product development capacity enough to capture the market share we expect.

The worldwide supply of sophisticated hardware engineering resources is limited. If we cannot hire sufficient personnel with the necessary skills to perform the development work that our customers need, we may be unable to capture the product sales and market share we expect.

Production readiness is outside our control

In some new markets the Company’s customer is responsible for ensuring that all of the components of their vehicle, working in unison, comply with local governmental regulations in order to achieve the necessary certification to proceed to volume production. Even though the Company’s product performs to specification in all respects, the customer’s vehicle may fail to satisfy overall the local governmental regulations due to the failure of one or more components supplied by other suppliers resulting in a project not proceeding to volume production.

The Company’s commitment to make defined benefit pension contributions could adversely impact its financial position.

It is estimated that the Company will make contributions to its frozen U.K. and U.S. defined benefit pension plans of approximately $854,000 in 2017 and at a similar level in subsequent years. Should the Company suffer a material reduction in revenues this commitment could adversely impact the Company’s financial position.

Single source materials and sub-contractors may not meet the Company’s needs.

The Company relies on single, or a small number of, suppliers and sub-contractors for its requirements for most components, sub-assemblies and finished products. In the event that such suppliers and sub-contractors are unable or unwilling to continue supplying the Company, or to meet the Company’s cost and quality targets or needs for timely delivery, there is no certainty that the Company would be able to establish alternative sources of supply in time to meet customer demand.

Damage to the Company’s or sub-contractors’ buildings would hurt results.

In the controls segment, the majority of the Company’s finished product is produced in two separate plants in Poland and Malaysia; these plants are owned by sub-contractors. The capacitors business is located in a single plant in Wales and the chargers business is located in a single plant in Italy. In the event that any of these plants was to be damaged or destroyed, there is no certainty that the Company would be able to establish alternative facilities in time to meet customer demand. The Company does carry property damage and business interruption insurance but this may not cover certain lost business due to the long-term nature of the relationships with many customers.
 
33
Management estimates of inventory and warranty reserves may be less than required

Management uses its judgment and market information to assess levels of reserve required in certain areas including inventory and warranty. If actual future demand or market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, or if product designs change more quickly than forecast, additional inventory reserves may be required. If actual product failure rates and repair or replacement costs differ from management estimates, revisions to the estimated warranty reserve may be required and the Company’s results may be materially adversely affected.

Failure to comply with financial covenants in our loan agreement could adversely affect us.

The Company has a five year credit facility with MPS Bank under which it has drawn €14,000,000 ($15,018,000 as of April 1, 2017). While the credit facility is outstanding, the Company together with its subsidiaries must maintain a leverage ratio, defined as the ratio of consolidated indebtedness of the Company and its subsidiaries, minus cash and marketable securities, to EBITDA of the Company and its subsidiaries, measured on a fiscal year-end basis, plus (under a December 2016 amendment) the net cash proceeds received by the Company  from the issuance and sale of equity securities during such twelve-month  period, of not greater than 3.5:1 through September 30, 2017, and thereafter not greater than 3.0:1. Breach of this covenant would constitute an event of default, after which the interest rate would be increased and the Bank could elect a number of remedies including, but not limited to declaring all obligations (including principal, interest and expenses) immediately due and payable, that would have a material adverse impact on the Company’s ability to continue operations.

We may have inadvertently violated Section 13(k) of the Exchange Act and may be subject to sanctions as a result.

Section 13(k) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Section 402 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act) provides that it is unlawful for a company that has a class of securities registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act to, directly or indirectly, including through any subsidiary, extend or maintain credit in the form of a personal loan to or for any director or executive officer of the company. We overlooked this prohibition and inadvertently made loans to our chief executive and chief financial officers in February 2017 that may have violated Section 13(k). The loans were repaid in April 2017 as soon as they came to the attention of our Board of Directors. Issuers who are found to have violated Section 13(k) may be subject to civil sanctions, including injunctive remedies and monetary penalties, as well as criminal sanctions. The imposition of any of such sanctions on the Company could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Product defect may result in product recall

In the event that the Company discovers a product defect that impacts the safety or operation of its products, then a product recall may be necessary which could involve the Company in a substantial unanticipated expense significantly in excess of any reserve that had been made.

Product liability claims may have a material adverse effect.

The Company’s products are technically complex and are installed and used by third parties. Defects in their design, installation, use or manufacturing may result in product liability claims against the Company. Such claims may result in significant damage awards, and the cost of any such litigation could be material.
 
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Businesses we acquire may not generate the revenue and earnings we anticipate and may otherwise adversely affect our operations and financial condition.

We recently made a significant acquisition of a new business, and we regularly consider supplementing our growth by acquiring new businesses. If we do that, but we fail to successfully integrate and manage the businesses we acquire, or if an acquisition does not further our business strategy as we expected, our operating results and financial condition may be materially adversely affected. Business combinations also involve a number of risks and uncertainties that can have an adverse impact, including that:

·
the costs of acquiring and integrating another business may be materially greater than we anticipate;
·
managing an acquired company’s technologies or lines of business or entering new markets where we have limited or no prior experience or where competitors may have stronger market positions may be more difficult than we anticipate;
·
we may fail to achieve the expected return on our investments, which could adversely affect our business or operating results and potentially cause impairment to assets that we recorded as a part of an acquisition, including intangible assets and goodwill;
·
the attention of our management and employees may be diverted;
·
we may not be able to retain key personnel of an acquired business;
·
we may assume unanticipated legal or financial liabilities;
·
we may suffer significant increases in our interest expense, leverage and debt service requirements if we incur additional debt to pay for an acquisition; and
·
our existing stockholders may be diluted and earnings per share may decrease if we were to issue a significant amount of equity securities in connection with an acquisition.

Risk relating to the U.K.’s decision to withdraw from membership in the European Union

The result of the referendum on the U.K.’s membership in the European Union (E.U.) (referred to as Brexit), voting in favor of the exit of the U.K. from the European Union, has caused and could continue to cause disruptions to and have an adverse effect on our business, financial results and operations. Any agreements the U.K. makes to retain access to E.U. markets could potentially disrupt the markets we serve and the tax jurisdictions in which we operate and adversely change tax benefits or liabilities in these or other jurisdictions, and may cause us to lose customers, suppliers, and employees. In addition, the referendum result could lead to legal uncertainty and potentially divergent national laws and regulations that could, at a minimum, increase our costs.

The announcement of Brexit caused significant volatility in global stock markets and currency exchange rate fluctuations that resulted in the strengthening of the U.S. dollar against foreign currencies in which we conduct business. The strengthening of the U.S. dollar relative to other currencies has and may continue to adversely affect our results of operations, in a number of ways, including:

·
Our international sales are denominated in both the U.S. dollar and currencies other than U.S. dollars. Fluctuations of currency exchange rates may expose us to gains and losses on non U.S. currency transactions and a potential devaluation of the local currencies of our customers relative to the U.S. dollar may impair the purchasing power of our customers and could cause customers to decrease or cancel orders or default on payment; and

·
We translate sales and other results denominated in foreign currency into U.S. dollars for our financial statements. During periods of a strengthening dollar, our reported international sales and earnings could be reduced because foreign currencies may translate into fewer U.S. dollars.

The announcement of Brexit has also and may continue to create global economic uncertainty, which may cause our customers to closely monitor their costs and reduce their spending budget on our products and services.

Any of these effects of Brexit, among others, could materially adversely affect our business, business opportunities, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
 
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Certain risks related to the ownership of our common Stock and trading

The following are certain important additional risks related to an investment in our securities:

If we fail to maintain proper and effective internal controls and procedures, our ability to produce accurate and timely financial statements could be impaired, which could harm our operating results, our ability to operate our business, and investors’ views of us.

We are required to establish and maintain adequate internal control over financial reporting, which are processes designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. We are also required to comply with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which requires public companies to conduct an annual review and evaluation of their internal control over financial reporting. If we cannot favorably assess the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting in the future, our stock price could be materially adversely affected.

Insiders and principal stockholders have substantial control over the Company, which could limit the ability of other stockholders to influence the outcome of key transactions, including a change of control.

Our directors, executive officers and our stockholders who each own greater than 5% of our outstanding common stock and their affiliates, in the aggregate, beneficially own a majority of the outstanding shares of our common stock. As a result, these stockholders may be able to influence or control matters requiring approval by our stockholders, including the election of directors and the approval of mergers, acquisitions or other extraordinary transactions. They may also have interests that differ from those of other stockholders and may vote in a way which may be adverse to the interests of other stockholders. This concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying, preventing or deterring a change of control of our company, could deprive our stockholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their common stock as part of a sale of our company and might ultimately adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

Item 2
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Not applicable.

Item 3
Defaults upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4
Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable.

Item 5
Other Information

None.

Item 6
Exhibits

See Exhibit Index immediately preceding the exhibits.
 
SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 
SEVCON, INC.
   
Date: May 16, 2017
By: /s/ Paul N. Farquhar
 
Paul N. Farquhar
 
Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)
 
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INDEX OF EXHIBITS

Exhibit
Description
   
*(3)(a)
Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 3, 2015).
   
 *(3)(b)
Amended and Restated By-laws of the registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 3, 2015).
   
 *(4)
Forms of warrant to purchase common stock issued July 8, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on July 11, 2016).
   
Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith).
   
Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith).
   
Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith).
   
(101)
The following materials formatted in eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) Consolidated Statements of Operations (ii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (iii) Consolidated Balance Sheets (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (v) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.  These materials are furnished and not “filed” herewith.

*Indicates exhibit previously filed and incorporated by reference. Exhibits filed with periodic reports were filed under File No. 1-9789.
 
 
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