-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, QdAiuf6AINda5r4Dcdl4coau9sA9/1R6eIXcqD9pk6aDzkvdCKbOc0b4KN3t71oP rHQLyrD+rc1cz0CorMkPjw== 0000909518-97-000558.txt : 19970930 0000909518-97-000558.hdr.sgml : 19970930 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0000909518-97-000558 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-K PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 10 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 19970630 FILED AS OF DATE: 19970929 SROS: AMEX SROS: NYSE FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: BEAR STEARNS COMPANIES INC CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0000777001 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: SECURITY BROKERS, DEALERS & FLOTATION COMPANIES [6211] IRS NUMBER: 133286161 STATE OF INCORPORATION: DE FISCAL YEAR END: 0630 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-K SEC ACT: SEC FILE NUMBER: 001-08989 FILM NUMBER: 97687399 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 245 PARK AVE CITY: NEW YORK STATE: NY ZIP: 10167 BUSINESS PHONE: 2122722000 10-K 1 ================================================================================ SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K [x] Annual report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Fee Required) For the fiscal year ended June 30, 1997. Or [_] Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (No Fee Required) For the transition period from ___________ to ___________ COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 1-8989 THE BEAR STEARNS COMPANIES INC. - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter) DELAWARE 13-3286161 - -------------------------------- ------------------------------------ (State or Other Jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) Incorporation or Organization) 245 PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10167 (212) 272-2000 - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Registrant's Principal Executive Offices) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Name of Each Exchange Title of Each Class on Which Registered ------------------- ------------------- COMMON STOCK, PAR VALUE $1.00 PER NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE SHARE ADJUSTABLE RATE CUMULATIVE NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE PREFERRED STOCK, SERIES A DEPOSITARY SHARES, EACH REPRESENTING A NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE ONE-EIGHTH INTEREST IN A SHARE OF 7.88% CUMULATIVE PREFERRED STOCK, SERIES B DEPOSITARY SHARES, EACH REPRESENTING A NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE ONE-EIGHTH INTEREST IN A SHARE OF 7.60% CUMULATIVE PREFERRED STOCK, SERIES C DEPOSITARY SHARES, EACH REPRESENTING NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE A ONE-EIGHTH INTEREST IN A SHARE OF 8% CUMULATIVE PREFERRED STOCK, SERIES D (NOT PRESENTLY OUTSTANDING) 9-1/8% SENIOR NOTES DUE 1998 NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE 9-3/8% SENIOR NOTES DUE 2001 NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE CUSTOMIZED UPSIDE BASKET SECURITIES AMERICAN STOCK EXCHANGE DUE 1998 S&P 500 LINKED NOTES DUE 2003 CHICAGO BOARD OPTIONS EXCHANGE, INC. Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: NONE - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (Title of Class) Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [x] No [_] Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [_] At September 2, 1997, the aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $4,450,610,484. For purposes of this information, the outstanding shares of Common Stock owned by directors and executive officers of the registrant were deemed to be shares of Common Stock held by affiliates. On September 2, 1997, the registrant had outstanding 117,703,804 shares of Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share, which is the registrant's only class of common stock. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE: Parts II and IV of this Form 10-K incorporate information by reference from certain portions of the registrant's 1997 Annual Report to Stockholders. The information required to be furnished pursuant to Part III of this Form 10-K will be set forth in, and incorporated by reference from, the registrant's definitive proxy statement for the annual meeting of stockholders to be held October 27, 1997, which definitive proxy statement will be filed by the registrant with the Securities and Exchange Commission not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year ended June 30, 1997. ================================================================================ PART I ITEM 1. BUSINESS. (a) General Development of the Business The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. (the "Company") was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on August 21, 1985. The Company is a holding company that through its subsidiaries, principally Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. ("Bear Stearns") and Bear, Stearns Securities Corp. ("BSSC"), is a leading United States investment banking, securities trading and brokerage firm serving corporations, governments, institutional and individual investors worldwide. BSSC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Bear Stearns, provides professional and correspondent clearing services, in addition to clearing and settling the Company's proprietary and customer transactions. The Company succeeded on October 29, 1985, to the business of Bear, Stearns & Co., a New York limited partnership (the "Partnership"). As used in this report, the "Company" refers (unless the context requires otherwise) to The Bear Stearns Companies Inc., its subsidiaries and the prior business activities of the Partnership. (b) Financial Information About Industry Segments The Company's business activities are highly integrated and constitute a single industry segment. During each of the three successive fiscal years ending June 30, 1997, classes of similar products or services outside this industry segment represented less than 10% of consolidated revenues, operating-profit, and assets. Financial information regarding the Company's foreign operations for each of these fiscal years is set forth under the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Footnote 13, entitled "Segment and Geographic Area Data," in the registrant's 1997 Annual Report to Stockholders (the "Annual Report"), which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. (13) of this report. (c) Narrative Description of Business The Company is a holding company which through its principal subsidiaries, Bear Stearns and BSSC, is a leading United States investment banking, securities trading and brokerage firm serving corporations, governments, institutional and individual investors worldwide. The business of the Company includes: market-making and trading in corporate, United States government, government-agency, mortgage-related, asset-backed and municipal securities; trading in options, futures, foreign currencies, interest-rate swaps and other derivative products; securities and commodities arbitrage; securities, options and commodities brokerage; underwriting and distributing securities; providing securities clearance services; financing customer activities; securities lending; arranging for the private placement of securities; assisting in mergers, acquisitions, restructurings and leveraged transactions; providing other financial advisory services; making principal investments in leveraged acquisitions; acting as specialist on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. ("NYSE"); providing fiduciary and other services, such as real estate brokerage, investment management and investment advisory; and, securities research. The Company's business is conducted from its principal offices in New York City; from domestic regional offices in Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Dallas, Los Angeles and San Francisco; from representative offices in Beijing, Geneva, Hong Kong, Lugano and Shanghai; through international subsidiaries in Buenos Aires, Dublin, Hong Kong, London, Paris, Sao Paulo, Singapore and Tokyo; and through joint ventures with other firms in Belgium, Madrid, Paris and the Philippines. The Company's foreign offices provide services and engage in investment activities involving foreign clients and international transactions. The Company provides trust-company services through its subsidiary, Custodial Trust Company ("CTC"), located in Princeton, New Jersey. Bear Stearns and BSSC are broker dealers registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). They are also members of the NYSE, all other principal United States securities and commodities exchanges, the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. ("NASD") and the National Futures Association ("NFA"). Bear Stearns is a "primary dealer" in United States government securities, as designated by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. As of June 30, 1997, the Company had 8,309 employees. SECURITIES TRADING ACTIVITIES General. The Company makes inter-dealer markets and trades on a principal basis in a wide range of instruments including: corporate debt and equity securities; United States and foreign-government securities; government-agency securities; mortgages and mortgage-backed securities; other asset-backed securities; municipal and other tax-exempt securities; and interest-rate swaps and other derivative products. Bear Stearns is one of the largest dealers in the United States in fixed income securities, including United States government and agency securities, mortgage-backed securities, and corporate and municipal securities. Inventories of fixed income, listed-equity, and over-the-counter equity securities are carried to facilitate sales to customers and other dealers. United States Government and Agency Obligations. The Company is recognized by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York as a primary dealer in United States Government, government-guaranteed and agency obligations, and similar instruments. The Company participates in the auction of, and maintains proprietary positions in, United States Treasury bills, notes, bonds, and stripped-coupon securities. The Company also participates as a selling group member and/or underwriter in the distribution of various United States government-agency and sponsored-corporation securities and maintains proprietary positions in such securities. In connection with these activities, the Company enters into transactions in options, futures and forward contracts to hedge its proprietary positions. As a primary dealer, Bear Stearns furnishes weekly reports of its inventory positions and market transactions in United States government securities to the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Bear Stearns also buys and sells government securities directly with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York as part of the Bank's open-market activities. The Company's daily trading inventory in United States government, government-guaranteed and agency obligations is mainly financed through the use of repurchase agreements. In addition, the Company serves as an intermediary between borrowers and lenders of short-term funds, mainly via repurchase and reverse-repurchase agreements. Corporate Fixed Income Securities. The Company acts as a dealer in sovereign and corporate fixed income securities and preferred stocks in New York, London, Hong Kong and Tokyo. It buys and sells these securities for its own account in principal transactions with institutional and individual customers, as well as other dealers. The Company conducts trading in the full spectrum of dollar and non-dollar debt securities. The Company offers hedging and arbitrage services to domestic and foreign institutional and individual customers utilizing financial futures and other instruments. Moreover, the Company offers quantitative, strategic, and research services relating to fixed income securities to its domestic and international clients. The Company participates in the trading and sales of high yield, non-investment-grade securities and the securities and bank loans of companies subject to pending bankruptcy proceedings. Mortgage-Related Securities and Products. The Company trades and makes markets in the following mortgage-related securities and products: Government National Mortgage Association ("GNMA") securities; Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("FHLMC") Participation Certificates; Federal National Mortgage Association ("FNMA") mortgage-backed securities; Small Business Administration loans; loans guaranteed by the Farmers Home Loan Administration; Federal Housing Authority insured multi-family loans; real estate mortgage investment conduit ("REMIC") and non-REMIC collateralized mortgage obligations, including residual interests; and other derivative mortgage-backed securities and products. The Company also trades real estate mortgage loans originated by unaffiliated mortgage lenders, both on a securitized and non-securitized basis. 2 The Company acts as underwriter and placement agent in transactions involving rated and unrated mortgage-related securities issued by affiliated and unaffiliated parties. The Company enters into significant commitments -- such as forward contracts -- on GNMA, FNMA, and FHLMC securities, and on other rated and unrated mortgage-related securities. Certain rated and unrated mortgage-related securities are considered to be liquid, while other such securities, and non-securitized mortgage loans, are considered to be less readily marketable. The Company trades GNMA, FNMA and FHLMC "to be announced" securities -- securities having a stated coupon and the original term to maturity, although the issuer and/or the specific pool of mortgage loans is not known at the time of the transaction. The Company buys and sells such securities for its own account in transactions with institutional and individual customers, as well as with other dealers. Under the Company's trading agreements, the Company generally has the right to request margin from its counterparty. The Company, through various special-purpose subsidiaries, purchases, sells, and services entire loan portfolios of varying quality. These portfolios are generally purchased from financial institutions and other secondary mortgage-market sellers. Prior to bidding on a portfolio of loans, an analysis of the portfolio is performed by experienced mortgage-loan underwriters. Upon acquisition of a loan portfolio, the loans are classified as either investment-grade or non-investment-grade. Loan collection is emphasized for the non- investment-grade segment of the loan portfolio. A collection department employs a staff of workout specialists and loan counselors who assist delinquent borrowers. If collection efforts are unsuccessful, the foreclosure unit will commence and monitor the foreclosure process until either the borrower makes the loan current, or the property securing the loan is foreclosed or otherwise acquired. The portfolio may include real estate which has been foreclosed or was in the process of foreclosure at the time of its acquisition. The foreclosure unit maintains and markets properties through regional real estate brokers. Investment-grade mortgage loans are sold to other institutional investors in either securitized or non-securitized form. In addition, special-purpose subsidiaries issue REMIC and non-REMIC collateralized mortgage obligations directly or through trusts that are established for this purpose. Asset-Backed Securities. The Company acts as underwriter and placement agent with respect to investment- and non-investment-grade, asset-backed securities issued by unaffiliated third parties. These asset- backed securities include: securities backed by consumer automobile receivables originated by the captive finance subsidiaries of automobile manufacturers, commercial banks and finance companies; credit card receivables; and home-equity lines of credit or second mortgages. The Company also trades and makes markets in these asset-backed securities. The market for asset-backed securities is of relatively recent origin. While there are ready markets for the investment-grade, asset-backed securities described above, other varieties may lack liquidity. Municipal Securities and Related Products. The Company is a dealer in tax-exempt and taxable municipal securities and instruments including: general obligation and revenue bonds; notes; leases; and variable-rate obligations issued by states, counties, cities, and state and local governmental authorities. The Company is active as a managing underwriter of negotiated and competitive new security issuances and on a select basis, provides financial advisory services. The Company makes markets in a broad spectrum of long- and short-term municipal securities, mainly to facilitate transactions with institutional and individual customers, as well as other dealers. As agent for issuers and for a fee, the Company remarkets short-term debt instruments 3 to investors in the variable rate, demand bond market. The Company periodically uses both municipal and treasury bond futures to hedge its cash-market bond inventory. In addition, the Company maintains a municipal arbitrage portfolio for its own account consisting of municipal futures and cash bond positions. The Company's underwriting, trading and sales activities are supported by a municipal research group. Arbitrage. The Company engages for its own account in both "classic" and "risk" securities-arbitrage. The Company's risk arbitrage activity generally involves the purchase of a security at a discount from a value which is expected to be realized if a proposed or anticipated merger, recapitalization, tender or exchange offer is consummated. In classic arbitrage the Company seeks to profit from temporary discrepancies (i) between the price of a security in two or more markets, (ii) between the price of a convertible security and its underlying security, (iii) between securities that are, or will be, exchangeable at a later date, and (iv) between the prices of securities with contracts settling on differing dates. Block Trading. The Company effects transactions in large blocks of securities exceeding 50,000 shares, mainly with institutional customers. Transactions are handled on an agency basis whenever possible, but the Company may be required to take a long or short position in a security to the extent that an offsetting purchaser or seller is not immediately available. Strategic Structuring and Transactions (SST). The Company targets mispriced assets using sophisticated models and proprietary quantitative methods. The Company maintains substantial proprietary trading and investment positions in domestic and foreign markets across a wide spectrum of equity and commodity securities including listed and over the counter options, futures and swaps. Foreign Exchange. The Company trades in foreign exchange, including: major and minor currencies on a spot and forward basis; listed and over-the-counter foreign-currency options; and foreign-currency futures. Currency option strategies are made available to customers to help them meet their specific risk management objectives. Derivatives. The Company manages a customer-driven business which focuses on individually- negotiated derivative instruments across the fixed income, currency, credit, and equity markets. Among the products in which the Company is most active are interest rate swaps and options, equity swaps and options, currency swaps and options, credit derivatives, and tax exempt derivatives. The Company also structures products which combine derivatives having both privately- and publicly-placed debt and/or equity components. By tailoring products across the spectrum of derivatives markets, the Company designs solutions to meet customers' asset-liability management, investment, and capital market needs. Over-the-Counter Equity Securities. The Company makes markets on a principal basis in common and preferred stocks, warrants, and other securities traded on the NASD's Automated Quotation System and otherwise in the over-the-counter market. Principal transactions with customers are effected at a net price equal to the prevailing inter-dealer price, plus or minus a mark-up or mark-down. Emerging Markets. The Company provides financial services in various emerging markets worldwide including: securities brokerage; equity and fixed income trading and sales; securities research; and a full range of investment banking, capital formation and advisory services. As part of these activities, the Company manages and participates in public offerings and arranges with institutional investors the private placement of debt and equity securities. The markets currently covered by the Company include Latin America, Asia, and Eastern Europe. Specialist Activities. The Company is a participant in a specialist unit on the NYSE which performs specialist functions in 135 NYSE-listed stocks. This market-making operation is conducted through a joint 4 venture with a member organization pursuant to a joint-account agreement. The market-making function of the specialist involves risk of loss during periods of market fluctuation, since specialists are obliged to take positions in their issues counter to the direction of the market in order to minimize short-term imbalances in the auction market. BROKERAGE ACTIVITIES A major portion of the Company's revenues is derived from customer commissions on brokerage transactions in equity and debt securities. The Company is one of the leading firms in the United States in providing brokerage services to institutional investors. The Company's brokerage clients include United States and foreign institutional investors such as investment advisors, mutual funds, commercial banks, insurance companies, pension and profit-sharing funds, and high-net-worth individuals. A significant portion of the Company's commission business is generated by institutional clients -- often in block trades requiring special marketing and trading expertise -- and from transactions originated by the correspondent organizations for whom the Company provides securities-clearance services. The largest portion of the Company's commission revenue is derived from brokerage transactions in listed securities. Institutional. A substantial portion of the Company's commission business involves the execution of transactions in corporate securities for domestic and foreign institutional investors. The primary source of revenue from equity activities is negotiated-commission revenue earned from providing customers with liquidity, trading expertise, trade-processing capability, and investment advice. Investment advice includes economic forecasts, industry and company analyses, overall strategic guidance and Company recommendations. Individual Investors. The Company's individual-investor sales force concentrates on servicing individual clients possessing a high net-worth and corporations engaging in securities transactions of a size sufficient to benefit from the Company's full range of institutional-caliber services. Option and Index Products. The Company provides an array of equity and index option-related execution services to institutional and individual clients. The Company utilizes sophisticated research and computer modeling to formulate for clients specific recommendations relating to options and index trading. Futures. The Company provides transaction services for customers who trade contracts in futures, financial instruments and physical products, including options on futures and physical commodities. These products are based on selected stock indices, fixed income securities, currencies, agricultural and energy products and precious metals. Domestic trading is subject to extensive regulation by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission ("CFTC") pursuant to the Commodity Exchange Act and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission Act of 1974. International trading activities are subject to regulation by the respective regulatory authorities in the location where the futures or commodity exchange resides, including the Securities and Futures Authority ("SFA") in the United Kingdom. The margin requirements covering substantially all transactions in futures contracts are subject to the particular exchange's regulations. In the United States, the Company is a clearing member of the Chicago Board of Trade, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, Inc., the New York Mercantile Exchange and other principal futures exchanges. The Company is a member of the International Petroleum Exchange ("IPE"), the London Commodity Exchange ("LCE"), the London International Financial Futures Exchange ("LIFFE"), Marche a Terme International de France ("MATIF") in Europe; and a "special" member of the Tokyo Stock Exchange for clearing Japanese government bond futures. International. Bear Stearns International Limited ("BSIL") is a London based securities broker dealer and engages in several types of activities including principal and agency transactions, underwriting, and investment banking. BSIL is a member of the SFA, the IPE, the LIFFE, the International Securities Market Association ("ISMA") and the London Securities & Derivatives Exchange Limited ("OMLX"). Another 5 London subsidiary, Bear Stearns International Trading ("BSIT"), is a market-maker in various non-dollar denominated equity securities and engages in index and derivative arbitrage. BSIT is a member of the London Stock Exchange and the Stock Exchange Automated Quotations International ("SEAQ"). The Company's French subsidiary is Bear Stearns S.A. ("BSFSA"). BSFSA is a regulated French broker dealer and is a member of the MATIF. Bear Stearns Bank plc ("Bank") is an Irish based bank, which was incorporated in 1996 and subsequently granted a banking license under Section 9 of the Irish Central Bank Act, 1971. Bear Stearns (Japan) Ltd. ("BSJL") is a broker dealer registered with the Japanese Ministry of Finance. BSJL sells equity and fixed income securities to Japanese institutional customers. BSJL has a special membership on the Tokyo Stock Exchange. Bear Stearns Hong Kong Ltd. is a member of the Securities and Futures Commission and sells U.S. commodities to retail customers. Bear Stearns Asia Ltd. is a member of the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong and sells equity and fixed income securities and derivative products to institutional and retail customers in Asia (excluding Japan) and also provides investment banking services to institutional clients. Bear Stearns Singapore Pte. Limited is a broker dealer registered with the Monetary Authority of Singapore and sells fixed income and equity securities to institutional investors in Singapore and Southeast Asia. INVESTMENT BANKING The Company is a major global investment banking firm providing a full range of capital formation and advisory services to a broad spectrum of clients. The Company manages and participates in public offerings and arranges the private placement of debt and equity securities directly with institutional investors. The Company provides advisory services to clients on a wide range of financial matters and assists with mergers, acquisitions, leveraged buyouts, divestitures, corporate reorganizations, and recapitalizations. The Company's strategy is to concentrate a major portion of its corporate finance business development efforts within those industries in which the Company has established a leadership position in providing investment banking services. Industry specialty groups include chemicals, energy, entertainment, financial services, forest products, gaming, health care, industrial, insurance, lodging, merchandising, media/communications, oil and gas, pharmaceuticals, real estate, retailing, satellite, technology, and utilities. These groups are responsible for initiating, developing and maintaining client relationships, and for executing transactions involving these clients. The Company has focused primarily on those industries in which the Company also has a strong research capability. In addition to being structured according to distinct industry groups, the Company has a number of professionals who specialize in specific types of transactions. These include mergers and acquisitions ("M&A"), equity offerings, high yield securities, and other transaction specialties. Mergers and Acquisitions. The Company is active in arranging various M&A transactions for its clients. The Company participates in a broad range of domestic and international assignments including acquisitions, divestitures, strategic restructurings, proxy contests, leveraged buyouts, and defenses against unsolicited takeovers. Equity Offerings. The equity capital markets group focuses on providing financing for issuers of equity and convertible equity securities in the public markets. The group assists in the origination, and is responsible for the structuring and execution, of transactions for a broad range of clients. 6 High Yield Securities. The high yield securities group focuses on providing financing in the public and private capital markets. The group is responsible for originating, structuring, and executing high yield transactions across a wide range of companies and industries, as well as managing client relationships with both high yield corporate issuers and financial sponsors of leveraged transactions. Leveraged Acquisitions. As part of its investment banking activities, the Company occasionally makes investments as principal in leverage acquisitions and in leveraged buy-out funds as a limited partner. The Company's investments generally take the form of equity securities, either common or preferred stock. Equity securities purchased in these transactions generally are held for appreciation and are not readily marketable. While the Company believes that the current carrying value of these instruments is at least equal to their eventual realizable value, it is not possible to determine whether, or when, the Company will realize the value of these investments. Commercial Real Estate. The Company is engaged in a variety of real estate activities on a nationwide basis. It provides comprehensive real estate-related investment banking, capital markets and financial advisory services. SECURITIES CLEARANCE ACTIVITIES The Company provides a full range of securities clearing services to clients. Organizations that are engaged in the retail or institutional brokerage business and are members of the NYSE and/or NASD comprise one category of correspondent clearing clients called "fully-disclosed correspondents." In addition, the Company has extensive involvement in the clearing of securities transactions for other types of clients such as: hedge funds, market-makers, specialists, arbitrageurs, money managers, and other professional investors trading at multiple securities firms called "professional clearing clients". Besides commissions and service charges realized from securities clearing activities, the Company also earns substantial amounts of interest income. The Company extends credit directly to the customers of correspondent firms in order to facilitate the conduct of customer securities transactions on a margin basis. The correspondents indemnify the Company against margin losses on their customers' accounts. The Company also extends margin credit directly to correspondents to the extent that such firms pledge proprietary assets as collateral. Since the Company must rely on the guaranties and general credit of the correspondents, the Company may be exposed to significant risk of loss if correspondents are unable to meet their financial commitments should there be a substantial adverse change in the value of margined securities. The correspondent clearing business for hedge funds, market-makers, arbitrageurs, specialists, and other professional traders can require a substantial commitment of the Company's capital involving varying degrees of risk. The Company has developed computerized control systems to monitor and analyze risk on a daily basis. In addition to clearing trades, the Company provides other products and services to its correspondents such as recordkeeping, trading reports, accounting, general back-office support, securities lending, reorganization and custody of securities. The Company's Prime Broker Plus system provides consolidated reporting and securities processing for professional investors executing trades at more than one securities firm. 7 The financial responsibilities arising from the Company's clearing relationships are allocated in accordance with agreements with correspondents. To the extent that the correspondent has available resources, the Company is protected against claims by customers of the correspondent when the latter has been allocated responsibility for a function giving rise to a claim. However, if the correspondent is unable to meet its obligations, dissatisfied customers may attempt to seek recovery from the Company. The Company attempts to broaden, wherever possible, its relationships with correspondent clearing clients. In addition to performing administrative, operational and settlement functions, the Company also advises correspondents on communications systems and makes available to them a variety of non-brokerage products and services on favorable terms enabling them to benefit from the Company's centralized purchasing power. INTEREST The Company derives substantial net interest income from customer margin loans and securities lending. Customer Financing. Securities transactions are effected for customers on either a cash or margin basis. In margin transactions, the Company extends credit to the customer, subject to various regulatory and internal requirements, which is collateralized by securities and cash in the customer's account, for a portion of the purchase price. The Company receives income from interest charged on the extension of credit; the rate of interest charged to customers for margin financing is based upon the Federal funds rate or brokers-call rate. By allowing customers to purchase securities on margin, the Company assumes the risk of loss if an adverse market movement reduces the value of the collateral below the amount of a customer's indebtedness. The Company's net interest income is impacted by the volume of customer borrowings and by the prevailing levels of interest rates. Securities Lending Activities. In connection with both its trading and brokerage activities, the Company borrows and lends securities to brokers and dealers to cover short sales and to complete transactions in which customers have failed to deliver securities by settlement date. The borrower of securities is required to deposit cash or other collateral or to post a letter of credit with the lender. The borrower of securities generally receives a rebate (based on the amount of cash deposited) or pays a fee calculated to yield a negotiated rate-of- return for the lender. Stock borrow and stock loan transactions are generally executed pursuant to written agreements with counterparties which require that (i) securities borrowed and loaned be marked-to-market on a daily basis, (ii) excess collateral be refunded, and (iii) deficit collateral be furnished. Mark-to-market adjustments are usually made on a daily basis through the facilities of various clearing houses to reflect changes in the market value of loaned securities. OTHER ACTIVITIES Asset Management. The Company's asset management division manages equity and fixed income assets for some of the United States' leading corporate pension plans, public systems, endowments, foundations, multi-employer plans, insurance companies, corporations, families and high net-worth individuals. With more than $8 billion under management, the asset management division provides its clients with diverse products, expertise and experience for enhancing investment returns by identifying, and taking advantage of, investment opportunities in the financial markets. Institutional products include: Large, Mid and Small Cap Value Equity; Global and Emerging Markets Fixed Income; and Alternative Investment Strategies. In addition, the asset management division serves individual investors through its management of The Bear Stearns Funds, a family of mutual funds which include: S&P Stars; Large Cap Value; Small Cap Value; The Insiders Select; Total Return Bond; and The Emerging Markets Debt. 8 Equities Research. The equity research department analyzes and provides timely information and opinions on over 100 industries and more than 850 companies, both domestic and international. In addition to more than 80 analysts, its staff includes a market strategist, an economics team, and accounting specialists, all of whom analyze the impact of broader economic factors and regulatory changes on the market and individual stocks. Fixed Income Research. A fixed income research unit contained within the Company's Financial Analytics and Structured Transactions Group (F.A.S.T.) provides financial engineering and securitization capabilities, investment research, fixed income portfolio management and analytical systems and trading technology for mortgage-related and fixed income securities. This unit also performs original research on valuation techniques and provides consulting services. Other Research. A high-grade, fixed income research unit, consisting of approximately 15 analysts and researchers, provides similar services in respect of high-grade, fixed income securities. A high yield, fixed income research unit consisting of approximately 15 analysts and researchers, provides similar services in respect of high yield, fixed income securities. The Company derives revenues for its research activities principally from securities transactions in an agency or dealer capacity; from its consulting services; and, from offering some of its research products for a fee. Custodial Trust Company. The Company offers a range of trust company and securities-clearance services through its wholly owned subsidiary CTC. CTC provides the Company with banking powers, such as access to the securities and funds-wire services of the Federal Reserve System. CTC provides fiduciary, custody and agency services for institutional accounts; the clearance of government securities for institutions and dealers; the processing of mortgage and mortgage-related products, including derivatives and CMO products; and commercial lending. At June 30, 1997, CTC held over $38.6 billion of assets for non-affiliated institutional clients such as pension funds, mutual funds, endowment funds, religious organizations and insurance companies. Fiduciary Services. The Company is an investment consultant which assists pension and welfare funds, other institutional investors and high-net-worth individual clients in structuring and executing their investment affairs. ADMINISTRATION AND OPERATIONS Administration and operations personnel are responsible for the processing of securities transactions; the receipt, identification and delivery of funds and securities; internal financial controls; accounting functions; office services; the custody of customer securities; and the overseeing of margin accounts of the Company and correspondent organizations. The processing, settlement, and accounting for transactions for the Company, correspondent organizations, and the customers of correspondent organizations is handled by a staff of approximately 3,500 employees located in separate operations offices in New York City and Whippany, New Jersey and, to a lesser extent, the Company's offices worldwide. The Company executes its own and correspondent transactions on all United States exchanges and in the over-the-counter market. The Company clears all of its domestic and international transactions (i.e., delivery of securities sold, receipt of securities purchased, and transfer of related funds) through its own facilities, unaffiliated commercial banks and through memberships in various clearing corporations. However, certain government, government-agency and mortgage-related securities transactions are cleared through CTC. 9 There is considerable fluctuation in the volume of transactions the Company processes, clears and settles. Operations personnel monitor day-to-day operations to assure compliance with applicable laws, rules and regulations. The Company records transactions and posts its books on a daily basis. Failure to keep current and accurate books and records can render the Company liable to disciplinary action by governmental and self-regulatory organizations. The Company maintains its own data processing facilities, which have been expanded significantly in recent years. The Company believes its internal controls and safeguards are adequate, but recognizes that fraud and misconduct by customers and employees, including the possible theft of securities, are risks inherent in the securities industry. As required by the NYSE and certain other authorities, the Company carries a broker's blanket-bond insurance covering the loss or theft of securities, check- and draft-forgery, embezzlement, and the misplacement of securities. This blanket-bond policy provides fidelity coverage and coverage for loss or theft of securities, fraudulent trading, and securities forgery of up to $200 million subject to a deductible of $2.5 million per occurrence. COMPETITION The Company encounters intense competition in all aspects of the securities business and competes directly with other securities firms -- both domestic and foreign -- many having substantially greater capital and resources and offering a wider range of financial services than does the Company. Besides competition from firms in the securities business, in recent years the Company has experienced increasing competition from other sources, such as commercial banks and insurance companies. The Company believes that the principal factors affecting competition involve the caliber and abilities of professional personnel, the relative prices of the services and products being offered, and the quality of its services. REGULATIONS AND OTHER FACTORS AFFECTING THE COMPANY AND THE SECURITIES INDUSTRY The securities industry in the United States is subject to extensive regulation under both federal and state laws. The SEC is the federal agency responsible for the administration of the federal securities laws. Bear Stearns and BSSC are registered as broker dealers with the SEC and are registered as broker dealers in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Additionally, Bear Stearns is registered as an investment adviser with the SEC. Much of the regulation of broker dealers has been delegated to self-regulatory organizations, principally the NASD, the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board, and national securities exchanges such as the NYSE, which has been designated by the SEC as the primary regulator of certain of the Company's subsidiaries, including Bear Stearns and BSSC. These self-regulatory organizations (i) adopt rules, subject to approval by the SEC, which govern the industry and (ii) conduct periodic examinations of the Company's operations. Securities firms are also subject to regulation by state securities administrators in those states in which they conduct business. Broker dealers are subject to regulations which cover all aspects of the securities business including: sales methods; trade practices; use and safekeeping of customer funds and securities; capital structures; recordkeeping; and, the conduct of directors, officers and employees. The types of regulations to which investment advisers are subject include: record keeping; fee arrangements; client disclosure; and, the conduct of directors, officers and employees. The mode of operation and profitability of broker dealers or investment advisers may be directly affected by new legislation; changes in rules promulgated by the SEC and self-regulatory organizations; and, changes in the interpretation or enforcement of existing laws and rules. The SEC, self-regulatory organizations, and state securities commissions may conduct administrative proceedings which can result in censures, fines, the issuances of cease-and-desist orders, and the suspension or expulsion of a broker dealer or an investment adviser, its officers or employees. The principal purpose of regulation and discipline of broker dealers and investment advisers is the protection of customers and the securities markets, 10 rather than the protection of creditors and stockholders of broker dealers or investment advisers. On occasion the Company's subsidiaries have been subject to routine investigations and proceedings, and sanctions have been imposed for infractions of various regulations, none of which, to date, has had a material adverse effect on the Company or its business. The Market Reform Act of 1990 was adopted for the following reasons: (i) to strengthen regulatory oversight of the securities markets, (ii) to improve the financial condition of market participants, and (iii) to improve the safety and efficiency of market mechanisms by creating a system for providing information and oversight for the parents and other affiliates of broker dealers. The SEC has adopted the Risk Assessment Reporting Requirements for Brokers and Dealers (the "Risk Assessment Rules") to implement the provisions of the Market Reform Act of 1990. The Risk Assessment Rules require that broker-dealers: (i) develop an organizational chart; (ii) maintain risk management procedures or standards for monitoring and controlling the risks resulting from activities of material associated persons; (iii) maintain and preserve records and other information; and (iv) file quarterly reports covering the risk-management procedures and the financial and securities activities of the holding companies of broker dealers, or broker dealer affiliates or subsidiaries that are reasonably likely to have a material impact on the financial and operational condition of the broker dealer. The Insider Trading and Securities Fraud Enforcement Act of 1988 augments enforcement of the securities laws through a variety of measures designed to provide greater deterrence, detection, and punishment of insider-trading violations. Among other things, the law (i) expands the scope of civil penalties to controlling persons who fail to take adequate steps to prevent insider trading, (ii) initiates a bounty program by giving the SEC discretion to reward informants who provide assistance to the agency and (iii) requires broker dealers and investment advisors to establish and enforce written policies and procedures reasonably designed to prevent the misuse of inside information. The Government Securities Act of 1986 (the "Government Securities Act") established a comprehensive and coordinated pattern for the regulation of brokers, dealers and financial institutions who trade in government securities, which includes Bear Stearns. Under the Government Securities Act, Bear Stearns is subject to Department of Treasury regulations covering among other things: capital adequacy; custody and use of government securities; and, transfers and control of government securities subject to repurchase transactions. The commodities industry in the United States is subject to regulation under the Commodity Exchange Act, as amended. The CFTC is the federal agency charged with the administration of the Commodity Exchange Act and the regulations thereunder. Bear Stearns and BSSC are registered with the CFTC as futures commission merchants and are subject to regulation as such by the CFTC and various domestic boards of trade and other commodity exchanges. Bear Stearns' and BSSC's commodity-futures business is also regulated by the NFA, a not-for-profit membership corporation, which has been designated a registered futures association by the CFTC. As registered broker dealers and member firms of the NYSE, both Bear Stearns and BSSC are subject to the Net Capital Rule (Rule 15c3-1) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), which has been adopted through incorporation by reference in NYSE Rule 325. The Net Capital Rule, which specifies minimum net capital requirements for registered broker dealers, is designed to measure the general financial integrity and liquidity of a broker dealer and requires that at least a minimal portion of its assets be kept in relatively liquid form. 11 Bear Stearns and BSSC are also subject to the net capital requirements of the CFTC and various commodity exchanges which generally require that Bear Stearns and BSSC maintain a minimum net capital equal to the greater of the alternative net capital requirement provided for under the Exchange Act or 4% of the funds required to be segregated under the Commodity Exchange Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder. Compliance with the Net Capital Rule could limit those operations of Bear Stearns and/or BSSC which require significant capital usage, such as underwriting, trading and the financing of customer margin-account debit balances. The Net Capital Rule could also restrict the Company's ability to withdraw capital from Bear Stearns or BSSC, which in turn could limit the Company's ability to pay dividends, pay interest, repay debt, or redeem or purchase shares of its outstanding capital stock. Additional information regarding net-capital requirements is set forth in the Annual Report, Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Footnote 7, entitled "Regulatory Requirements," which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. (13) of this report. Bear Stearns and BSSC are members of the Securities Investor Protection Corporation ("SIPC") which provides insurance protection for customer accounts held by the firm of up to $500,000 for each customer, subject to a limitation of $100,000 for cash balance claims in the event of the liquidation of a broker dealer. In addition, the BSSC purchased $24.5 million of additional security-positions coverage from a private insurer for each of the BSSC's customers. The activities of the Company's bank and trust company subsidiary, CTC, are regulated by the New Jersey Department of Banking and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC"). FDIC regulations applicable to CTC limit the extent to which CTC and Bear Stearns may have common officers and directors or may share physical facilities. FDIC regulations require certain disclosures in connection with joint advertising or promotional activities conducted by Bear Stearns and CTC. Such regulations also restrict certain activities of CTC in connection with the securities business of Bear Stearns. Federal legislation limits (i) an expansion in the scope of the activities of CTC, (ii) the annual rate of increase in its assets, (iii) the cross-marketing of certain services with its affiliates and (iv) the use of overdrafts at Federal Reserve banks on behalf of affiliates. The Company does a substantial volume of business in the international fixed income and equity markets through BSIL and is a market-maker in certain non-dollar-denominated securities and engages in index and derivative arbitrage through BSIT. BSIL and BSIT are subject to both the United Kingdom Financial Services Act 1986, which governs all aspects of the investment business in the United Kingdom, and the regulations of the SFA which includes: regulatory capital; sales and trading practices; use and safekeeping of customer funds; securities recordkeeping; margin practices and procedures; registration standards for individuals; and periodic reporting and settlement procedures. BSIL and BSIT are subject to supervision by and are regulated in accordance with the rules of the SFA. BSIL is a member of the IPE, the LIFFE, the ISMA, the OMLX and the LCE. BSIT is a member of the London Stock Exchange and SEAQ International. 12 The Company, like other securities firms, is directly affected by such things as: national and international economic and political conditions; broad trends in business and finance; legislation and regulations affecting the national and international financial and business communities; currency values; the level and volatility of interest rates; and fluctuations in the volume and the price levels in the securities and commodities markets. These and other factors can affect the Company's volume of security new-issues, mergers, acquisitions, and business restructurings; the stability and liquidity of securities and commodities markets; and, the ability of issuers, other securities firms and counterparties to perform on their obligations. Decreases in the volume of security new-issues, mergers, acquisitions or restructurings generally results in lower revenues from investment banking and, to a lesser extent, reduced principal transactions. A reduced volume of securities and commodities transactions and reduced market liquidity generally result in lower revenues from principal transactions and commissions. Lower price levels for securities may result in a reduced volume of transactions, and may also result in losses from declines in the market value of securities held in proprietary trading and underwriting accounts. In periods of reduced sales and trading or investment banking activity, profitability may be adversely affected because certain expenses remain relatively fixed. Sudden and sharp declines in the market values of securities and/or the failure of issuers and counterparties to perform on their obligations can result in illiquid markets. In such markets, the Company may not be able to sell securities and/or may have difficulty in hedging its securities positions. Such market conditions, if prolonged, may also lower the Company's revenues from investment banking and principal transactions. The Company's securities trading, derivatives, arbitrage, market-making, specialist, leveraged-buyout and underwriting activities are conducted by the Company on a principal basis and expose the Company to significant risk of loss. Such risks include market, counterparty credit, and liquidity risks. See "Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk." ITEM 2. PROPERTIES. The Company's executive offices and principal administrative offices occupy approximately 753,000 square feet of space at 245 Park Avenue, New York, New York under leases expiring through 2002. The Company also leases approximately 297,000 square feet of office space at One MetroTech Center, Brooklyn, New York pursuant to a lease expiring in 2004 for its securities processing and clearance operations. Additionally, the Company leases approximately 43,000, 140,000 ,27,000 and 13,000 square feet of space at four locations in New York City under leases expiring in 2001, 2004, 2007 and 2007, respectively. The Company's regional offices in Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Dallas, Los Angeles and San Francisco occupy an aggregate of approximately 276,000 square feet, while its eleven foreign offices occupy a total of approximately 115,000 square feet under leases expiring on various dates through the year 2016. The Company owns approximately 65 acres of land in Whippany, New Jersey, including four buildings comprising an aggregate of approximately 300,000 square feet. The Company is currently using the existing facilities on the property to house its data processing facility and other operational functions. Because the Whippany property includes land in excess of current needs, the Company has received approval to construct two additional buildings, one of which it is currently developing for itself; conversely, it may sell the land and development rights to others. In September 1997, the Company entered into a 99-year ground lease at 383 Madison Avenue, New York City. The Company expects to develop this site as its new world headquarters by building an office tower. The new facility will be completed by the expiration of the current lease at 245 Park Avenue in 2002. 13 The new facility will allow the Company to consolidate its New York City real estate requirements into one facility and will allow expansion related to future growth. ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS. The Company and Bear Stearns are parties to the legal proceedings discussed below, which have arisen in the normal course of business. In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of litigation and other legal proceedings, the Company cannot state what the eventual outcome of these pending proceedings will be. It is the opinion of management, after consultation with independent counsel, that the legal proceedings referred to below will not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position. A.I.A. Holding, S.A., et al. v. Lehman Brothers, Inc., et al. On July 8, 1997, 277 alleged customers of Ahmad Ihsan El-Daouk commenced an action in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against Lehman Brothers, Inc. and Bear Stearns. Plaintiffs allege that Daouk, acting through corporations he controlled, entered into introducing broker agreements with Lehman and then Bear Stearns, and that he arranged for each of the plaintiffs to invest funds with Lehman and/or Bear Stearns. Lehman exited the business during the summer of 1992. Certain accounts opened at Lehman were transferred to Bear Stearns sometime in 1992, and certain accounts were opened at Bear Stearns beginning sometime in 1992. The Complaint alleges, among other things, that for more than seven years Daouk defrauded plaintiffs by misleading plaintiffs into believing that the accounts Daouk managed on their behalf were earning substantial profits, when in fact he was churning the accounts, incurring trading losses and otherwise dissipating, stealing or converting their funds. This allegedly was accomplished, in part, by Daouk intercepting account statements and other information sent by Lehman and Bear Stearns to Daouk's customers and substituting forged statements created by Daouk. Bear Stearns is alleged to be liable to Daouk's customers on numerous grounds, including claims that the Bear Stearns broker responsible for the Daouk accounts allegedly was aware of the scheme, substantially assisted Daouk in the commission of the fraud and received illegal payments for having done so, Daouk held himself out to be a Bear Stearns agent with Bear Stearns' knowledge and acquiescence, and Bear Stearns failed to perform properly its role as Daouk's clearing broker by, among other things, failing to properly supervise Daouk, failing to detect Daouk's fraud, permitting Daouk to commingle accounts and allowing him to churn accounts. The Complaint asserts 12 causes of action against Lehman and 12 causes of action against Bear Stearns, including, among other things, claims alleging breach of fiduciary duty, negligence, negligent misrepresentation, fraud, constructive fraud, breach of contract, negligent hiring, retention and supervision, aiding and abetting fraud and aiding and abetting breach of fiduciary duty. Plaintiffs allege that "the plaintiffs' losses appear to have exceeded $100 million." Plaintiffs seek compensatory damages in unspecified amounts, imposition of constructive trusts with respect to any property that "belongs, or may belong," to plaintiffs in Lehman's or Bear Stearns' possession, interest, attorneys' fees and costs. Bear Stearns denies all allegations of wrongdoing asserted against it in this litigation, intends to defend these claims vigorously, and believes that it has substantial defenses to these claims. Alpha Group Consultants, et al. v. Weintraub, et al./In re Weintraub Entertainment Group Litigation. On January 31, 1991, Alpha Group Consultants Ltd. and the Allan D. Simon & Stefani R. Simon Living Trust commenced an action in the United States District Court for the Southern District of California involving a private placement by Weintraub Entertainment Group ("WEG") of $81 million debentures and 14 warrants in 1987. On April 2, 1992 and February 4, 1993 the court allowed additional plaintiffs to intervene. The original defendants in the case were WEG (a debtor in bankruptcy, named as a defendant only to the extent permitted by federal bankruptcy law), certain directors and officers of WEG and Bear Stearns, which acted as the placement agent in WEG's private placement. Plaintiffs' current pleading alleges, among other things, that at the time of the offering and after the offering, the defendants made false and misleading statements concerning WEG's financial condition, the experience of certain WEG officers, the intended use of proceeds from the sale of the WEG securities, the prospects for a public market for WEG securities, WEG's business plans, and certain terms of WEG's contracts with distributors. Plaintiffs allege violations of Sections 12(2) and 15 of the Securities Act of 1933, Sections 10(b) and 20 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder, the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act ("RICO"), California state statutes, and common law duties allegedly owed by the defendants to the plaintiffs. Plaintiffs purport to represent a class consisting of purchasers of WEG debentures and warrants during the period January 23, 1987 through October 1, 1990. Plaintiffs seek unspecified compensatory and punitive damages, treble damages under RICO, attorneys' fees and expenses. On May 12, 1993, Bear Stearns filed an answer denying liability and asserting affirmative defenses. On May 10, 1993, the court entered a final judgment and order (the "Settlement Order") approving a settlement among plaintiffs and the WEG director and officer defendants and barring Bear Stearns from seeking contribution, indemnity, or reimbursement from the WEG director and officer defendants. The Settlement Order also provided that Bear Stearns' liability, if plaintiffs succeed in establishing liability on the part of Bear Stearns, would be limited to Bear Stearns' proportional share of the total damages awarded. On September 15, 1993, the court entered an order granting class certification. On April 22, 1994, the court granted summary judgment in favor of Bear Stearns on all claims. On July 15, 1997, the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit reversed the district court's grant of summary judgment in connection with a statement in the offering materials provided to investors concerning the timing of the payment of guaranteed advances by certain motion picture distributors to WEG. The Ninth Circuit affirmed the district court's dismissal of all other claims in the litigation. Bear Stearns denies all allegations of wrongdoing asserted against it in this litigation, intends to defend these claims vigorously, and believes that it has substantial defenses to these claims. Amalgamated Insurance Fund-Insurance Fund, et al. v. Bear Stearns & Co., Inc., et al./Alico Services Corp., Alico Resources Corp. and Pension Plan for Employees of Amalgamated Life Insurance Company v. Bear Stearns & Co., Inc., et al. On January 9, 1997, five former Bear Stearns brokerage customers who are employee welfare benefit plans or employee pension benefit plans under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act ("ERISA") commenced a National Association of Securities Dealers ("NASD") arbitration proceeding against Bear Stearns, a former Bear Stearns account executive and two current Bear Stearns employees (the "Amalgamated proceeding"). The claimants allege, among other things, unauthorized and unsuitable trading and churning in their accounts involving derivative securities. The claimants assert claims based upon breach of fiduciary duty, breach of fiduciary duty under ERISA, participation in breach of fiduciary duty, breach of contract, common law fraud, securities fraud, negligent misrepresentation, negligence, investing in unsuitable securities, failure to supervise and churning, unjust enrichment, and Sherman Antitrust Act and the Donnelly Act. Claimants seek, among other relief, compensatory damages in an unspecified amount, but in a range of $30 to $40 million or 15 more. Claimants also seek punitive damages in an unspecified amount and trebled damages under the Sherman Antitrust Act and New York's Donnelly Act. On May 14, 1997, Bear Stearns filed an answer denying liability, asserting affirmative defenses, counterclaims and third party claims that allege that certain trustees of the plans and registered investment advisors hired by the plans are solely responsible for any losses suffered by the funds, and seeking, among other things, indemnification and contribution. On May 2, 1997, three additional former Bear Stearns brokerage customers commenced an NASD arbitration case against the same Respondents, including Bear Stearns, alleging essentially the same claims, based upon essentially the same facts and circumstances and, once again, seeking damages including unspecified compensatory, punitive and treble damages (the "Alico proceeding"). One of the three Claimants in this second arbitration purports to assert claims as assignee of claims purportedly assigned to it by 17 other pension and benefits funds that formerly were brokerage customers of Bear Stearns. Bear Stearns denies all allegations of wrongdoing asserted against it in the Amalgamated and Alico arbitration proceedings, intends to defend these claims vigorously and believes that it has substantial defenses to these claims. A.R. Baron & Company, Inc. The following matters arise out of Bear Stearns' role as clearing broker for A.R. Baron & Company, Inc. ("Baron") from July 20, 1995 through June 28, 1996. (i) John Berwecky, et al. v. Bear Stearns & Co. Inc., et al./Jack Perry v. Bear Stearns & Co., Inc., et al. On July 21 and August 22, 1997, shareholders of companies whose securities were underwritten by, or that otherwise had some relationship with Baron (these securities are referred to below as "Baron securities") commenced two actions in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against Bear Stearns, Bear Stearns Securities Corp. and a managing director of Bear Stearns (collectively "Bear Stearns"). The complaints allege, among other things, that Bear Stearns and Baron engaged in a scheme to manipulate the market for and to inflate the prices of the Baron securities. Plaintiffs allege violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder. Plaintiffs purport to represent a class of all persons who acquired Baron securities from July 20, 1995 through June 28, 1996. Plaintiffs seek unspecified damages, attorneys fees and costs. Bear Stearns denies all allegations of wrongdoing asserted against it in these litigations, intends to defend against these claims vigorously, and believes that it has substantial defenses to these claims. (ii) Richard Schwarz v. Bear Stearns & Co. Inc., et al. On July 22, 1997, a customer of Baron commenced an action in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, New York County, against Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. and Bear Stearns Securities Corp. (collectively "Bear Stearns"). The complaint alleges, among other things, that Baron engaged in a scheme to manipulate the market for and to inflate the prices of Baron securities, and that Bear Stearns, as clearing broker, wrongfully permitted Baron to continue in business. Plaintiff alleges violations of the New York Consumer Protection Act, common law negligence and negligent misrepresentation. Plaintiff purports to represent a class of all persons who were customers of Baron from July 20, 1995 through July 3, 1996. Plaintiff seeks unspecified damages, attorneys fees and costs. Bear Stearns denies all allegations of wrongdoing asserted against it in this litigation, intends to defend against these claims vigorously, and believes that it has substantial defenses to these claims. 16 (iii) In connection with investigations concerning the A.R. Baron brokerage firm, Bear Stearns and Bear Stearns Securities Corp. have received formal and informal inquiries from various regulatory and governmental agencies. Bear Stearns is cooperating with these inquiries. In re Blech Securities Litigation. On October 24, 1994, a shareholder of certain biotechnology companies whose securities were underwritten by, or that otherwise had some relationship with, D. Blech & Co. ("Blech Securities"), commenced an action in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against D. Blech & Co., David Blech, certain money managers and investment advisors, and Bear Stearns, which had been a clearing broker for D. Blech & Co. from September 1993 through September 1994. On December 14, 1994, the action was consolidated with three related actions. On March 27, 1995, an Amended Consolidated Class Action Complaint was filed. On June 6, 1996, the court granted Bear Stearns' motion to dismiss all allegations in the First Amended Complaint asserted against Bear Stearns, and granted plaintiffs leave to replead. On July 26, 1996, a Second Amended Consolidated Class Action Complaint was filed. Plaintiffs' current pleading alleges, among other things, a scheme to manipulate the market for and to inflate the prices of Blech Securities, and alleges that Bear Stearns violated Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder, and committed common law fraud. Previously asserted and dismissed claims under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act ("RICO") are not re-asserted in plaintiffs' current pleading. On April 2, 1997, the court dismissed plaintiff's Section 20(a) allegations. Plaintiffs purport to represent a class consisting of persons who purchased Blech Securities from July 1, 1991 through September 21, 1994, in a public offering or in the public market. Plaintiffs seek unspecified damages. On May 16, 1997, Bear Stearns filed an answer denying liability and asserting affirmative defenses. Bear Stearns denies all allegations of wrongdoing asserted against it in this litigation, intends to defend against these claims vigorously, and believes that it has substantial defenses to these claims. Spencer C. Busby, et al. v. Donna Karan International, Inc., et al./Salvatore Portannese, et al. v. Donna Karan International, Inc., et al. Beginning on June 19, 1997, two actions were commenced in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York involving an initial public offering on June 28, 1996 of 10,750,000 shares of common stock of Donna Karan International, Inc. at a price of $24 per share. The defendants in these cases are Donna Karan International, Inc., certain directors and officers of Donna Karan, and the underwriters of the offering, Morgan Stanley & Co., Bear Stearns, Merrill Lynch & Co. and Smith Barney Inc. (the "Underwriter Defendants"). Plaintiffs allege, among other things, that defendants made false and misleading statements in the prospectus and registration statement utilized in the offering concerning Donna Karan's prospects for growth, inability to implement expansion plans, and risks affecting Donna Karan's business expansion plans. Plaintiffs allege violations by all defendants, including the Underwriter Defendants of Sections 11 and 12(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933. Other defendants are alleged to have violated Section 15 of the Securities Act and Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder. With respect to the claims asserted against the Underwriter-Defendants, including Bear Stearns, plaintiffs purport to represent a class consisting of all persons who purchased Donna Karan common stock during the period June 28, 1996 through May 7, 1997 pursuant or traceable to the registration statement and prospectus issued in connection with the offering. Plaintiffs seek damages in an unspecified amount, interest, rescissory relief, and attorneys' fees and expenses. Bear Stearns denies all allegations of wrongdoing asserted against it in this litigation, intends to defend these claims vigorously, and believes that it has substantial defenses to these claims. 17 Gregory P. Christofferson, et al. v. Bear Stearns & Co., Inc., et al. On May 3, 1995, plaintiffs commenced an action in the Superior Court of the State of California in and for the County of Los Angeles against Bear Stearns and three Bear Stearns officers. The case involves an approach by plaintiffs to Bear Stearns in 1993, seeking Bear Stearns' participation as an investment partner or investment banker in acquiring a commercial real estate property portfolio. Plaintiffs allege that Bear Stearns reviewed plaintiffs' written portfolio evaluation materials and met with plaintiffs, and later advised plaintiffs that Bear Stearns was not interested in pursuing the proposed transaction. Bear Stearns subsequently represented the United States Postal Service in an attempt by the United States Postal Service to acquire this portfolio. Plaintiffs and the United States Postal Service, the latter advised by Bear Stearns, ultimately negotiated a joint bid, which resulted in each group acquiring a portion of the portfolio. Plaintiffs current complaint alleges, among other things, fraud, intentional interference with prospective economic advantage, misappropriation of trade secrets and breach of implied and oral contract. Plaintiffs seeks damages in excess of $25 million, plus punitive damages, attorneys' fees and interest. On March 26, 1996, Bear Stearns filed an answer denying liability and assenting affirmation defenses. On March 3, 1997, Bear Stearns filed a cross-complaint, alleging, among other things, that plaintiffs engaged in unfair competition by threatening to sue and suing Bear Stearns and others to prevent competition, and alleging that, if defendants are found to have breached a contract with plaintiffs, the contract was induced by fraud and thus voidable. Bear Stearns denies all allegations of wrongdoing asserted against it in this litigation, intends to defend these claims vigorously, and believes that it has substantial defenses to these claims. County of Orange v. Bear Stearns & Co., Inc., et al. On December 5, 1996, the County of Orange, California ("Orange County") and John Moorlach, the County's Treasurer-Tax Collector, commenced an adversary proceeding in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Central District of California (the "Bankruptcy Court") against twenty-six defendants, including Bear Stearns and Bear, Stearns Securities Corp. (collectively, "Bear Stearns"). The action arises in connection with a bankruptcy petition the County filed in the Bankruptcy Court on December 6, 1994. On May 17, 1996, the Bankruptcy Court confirmed a plan pursuant to which the County emerged from bankruptcy. With respect to Bear Stearns the complaint alleges, among other things, that certain securities transactions entered into between Orange County (through its former Treasurer-Tax Collector, Robert Citron) and Bear Stearns entitle Orange County to relief under Sections 502 and 510 of the Bankruptcy Code, violated the Constitution and laws of California and are null and void, and that Bear Stearns committed negligence by failing to inform the County that the transactions were unsuitable and failing to obtain the informed consent of Orange County's Board of Supervisors for these securities transactions. The County seeks damages in an unspecified amount, declaratory relief and an order disallowing any claims asserted against Orange County in its bankruptcy case by Bear Stearns. The parties in this action have entered into a stipulation staying the proceeding pending the completion of other litigation, not involving Bear Stearns. Bear Stearns denies all allegations of wrongdoing asserted against it in this litigation, intends to defend these claims vigorously, and believes that it has substantial defenses to these claims. In re Daisy Systems Corporation, Debtor. On May 30, 1991, a Trustee for Daisy Systems Corporation ("Daisy"), a debtor in bankruptcy, and Daisy/Cadnetix, Inc. ("DCI") filed a complaint in the United States District Court, Northern District of California, on behalf of Daisy and DCI against Bear Stearns and six former directors of Cadnetix, Inc. ("Cadnetix") and/or a Cadnetix subsidiary. The litigation arises out of Daisy's retention of Bear Stearns in 1988 to provide investment banking services to Daisy with respect to a 18 potential merger of Daisy with Cadnetix. On March 20, 1992, a First Amended Complaint was filed. On July 24, 1992, a Second Amended Complaint was filed. The Second Amended Complaint alleges, among other things, that Bear Stearns was negligent in performing its due diligence with respect to the merger, and in advising Daisy that it was "highly confident" that financing could be obtained to fund the merger. The Trustee alleges that Bear Stearns breached fiduciary duties to Daisy, committed professional malpractice in its efforts on Daisy's behalf, and made negligent representations upon which Daisy relied, breached a covenant of good faith and fair dealing implied in its contracts with Daisy, and should have its unsecured claim in the Daisy bankruptcy proceeding equitably subro- gated to the claims of all other claimants in the bankruptcy. The Trustee seeks monetary damages and exemplary damages in an unspecified amount, as well as costs and expenses. On May 13, 1993, Bear Stearns answered the Complaint, denying liability and asserting affirmative defenses. On February 3, 1993, the court dismissed plaintiffs' breach of fiduciary duty and equitable subrogation claims. On August 12, 1994, the court granted summary judgment dismissing all remaining claims against Bear Stearns, and denying a motion by the Trustee to file a Third Amended Complaint. On September 24, 1996, the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit affirmed the dismissal of the negligent misrepresentation claim, reinstated the Trustee's negligence claim and reversed the denial of the motion for leave to amend the breach of fiduciary duty claim, and remanded the case to the district court for further proceedings. On August 15, 1997, Bear Stearns filed an answer denying liability and asserting affirmative defenses. The district court has set a trial date of April 6, 1998. Bear Stearns denies all allegations of wrongdoing asserted against it in this litigation, intends to defend these claims vigorously, and believes that it has substantial defenses to these claims. Del Rosario, et al. v. Bear Stearns & Co., Inc., et al. On March 7, 1997, three former Bear Stearns brokerage customers commenced an NASD arbitration proceeding against Bear Stearns, a former Bear Stearns account executive and Smith Barney, Inc. The claimants allege, among other things, unauthorized wire transfers and unauthorized and unsuitable trading in their accounts. The claimants assert claims based upon fraud, churning, breach of the fiduciary duty of care and good faith, negligence, breach of contract, failure to supervise the claimants' accounts and conspiracy. The claimants seek damages in an unspecified amount, but at least $20 million plus punitive damages. On June 27, 1997, Bear Stearns filed an answer denying liability and asserting affirmative defenses, and moved to dismiss certain damage claims. Bear Stearns denies all allegations of wrongdoing asserted against it in this arbitration proceeding, intends to defend these claims vigorously and believes that it has substantial defenses to these claims. Bernard H. Glatzer v. Bear, Stearns & Co., Inc. On May 11, 1993, Bernard H. Glatzer commenced an action in the District Court of Harris County, Texas. On October 11, 1993, the case was removed to the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas, and on January 23, 1995 the case was transferred to the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. Plaintiff alleges that he devised and presented "a novel, elegant, original and unique business plan" for financing independent oil 19 and gas production by independent oil and gas companies and presented this plan to Bear Stearns on a confidential basis, and that Bear Stearns utilized plaintiff's business plan as part of services provided by the Company to another corporate entity. Plaintiff's current pleading alleges, among other things, theft and misuse of trade secrets, misappropriation, breach of fiduciary duty, tortious interference with contractual opportunity, prospective business relationship, business opportunity, contractual advantage and/or contractual relations, unjust enrichment, quantum meruit/quasi-contract, fraud and conspiracy. Plaintiff seeks damages in the amount of $200 million, as well as exemplary or punitive damages, and attorneys' fees and expenses. On July 21, 1997, Bear Stearns filed an answer denying liability and asserting affirmative defenses. Bear Stearns denies all allegations of wrongdoing asserted against it in this litigation, intends to defend these claims vigorously, and believes that it has substantial defenses to these claims. In re Granite Partners, L.P., Granite Corporation and Quartz Hedge Fund. On April 7, 1994, Granite Partners, L.P., Granite Corporation, and Quartz Hedge Fund (the "Funds"), three investment funds managed by Askin Capital Management L.P. ("ACM") and David J. Askin ("Askin"), commenced a bankruptcy proceeding in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York after suffering losses in mortgage-backed securities and related instruments. Five actions involving Bear Stearns relating to the Funds are pending. Four of these actions involve allegations that, among other things, Bear Stearns, Kidder, Peabody & Co., Inc. and Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette Securities Corporation (the "Dealer Defendants") misrepresented, and/or encouraged ACM to purchase, certain securities despite the alleged inappropriateness of those securities for the investment funds ACM was managing, that the Dealer Defendants allegedly provided inflated performance marks, that the Dealer Defendants allegedly provided excessive financing to the Funds, and that the Dealer Defendants otherwise departed from the standards of ordinary care. The fifth of these actions also involves allegations that Bear Stearns, among other things, made improper margin calls and wrongfully liquidated the Funds' positions after the Funds defaulted on their obligations. (i) Primavera Familienstiftung v. David J. Askin, et al. On September 20, 1995, Primavera Familienstiftung, a purported investor in Granite Corporation, amended its complaint in a previously commenced action in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California to include claims against the Dealer Defendants. On October 18, 1996, the action was transferred to the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. On August 22, 1996 a motion to dismiss by the Dealer Defendants was granted, with leave to replead. On November 8, 1996, a third amended complaint was filed. Plaintiff's current pleading alleges, among other things, that the Dealer Defendants aided and abetted an alleged fraud by Askin and ACM (the "Askin Defendants"). Previously alleged and dismissed claims include allegations that the Dealer Defendants violated Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act, Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder and Section 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act, committed common law fraud, aided and abetted a breach of fiduciary duty by the Askin Defendants, committed breach of contract and violated Uniform Commercial Code provisions. Plaintiff purports to represent a class consisting of all investors who purchased interests in the Funds between January 26, 1993 and April 7, 1994. Plaintiff seeks compensatory and punitive damages in unspecified amounts (the named plaintiff allegedly invested $1 million in the Funds), together with the costs and expenses of the action. On June 9, 1997, this litigation was consolidated with the ABF Capital action (described below) for pre-trial purposes. Bear Stearns denies all allegations of wrongdoing asserted against it in this litigation, intends to defend these claims vigorously, and believes that it has substantial defenses to these claims. 20 (ii) ABF Capital Management, et al. v. Askin Capital Management, L.P., et al. On March 27, 1996, certain other purported investors in the Funds filed a lawsuit in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of New York, against ACM and the Dealer Defendants. On April 24, 1996, the case was removed to the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. Plaintiffs' current pleading alleges, among other things, that the Dealer Defendants aided and abetted an alleged fraud by ACM. Previously alleged and dismissed claims include allegations that the Dealer Defendants aided and abetted an alleged breach of fiduciary duty by ACM, were unjustly enriched and violated the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act ("RICO"). The suit seeks recovery of the amounts the plaintiffs paid for their interests in the Funds (alleged to be approximately $230 million), an unspecified amount of allegedly unjust enrichment, treble damages, punitive damages of not less than $1 billion from each defendant, plus interest, costs, attorneys fees and other unspecified damages. On June 9, 1997, this action was consolidated with the Primavera action (described above) for pretrial purposes. Bear Stearns denies all allegations of wrongdoing asserted against it in this litigation, intends to defend these claims vigorously, and believes that it has substantial defenses to these claims. (iii) Montpellier Resources, Ltd., et al. v. Bear Stearns, et al. On March 14, 1997, three purported investors in the Funds commenced an action against ACM and the Dealer Defendants in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. On June 2, 1997, the complaint was amended to add sixteen additional plaintiffs. Plaintiffs' allegations are substantially similar to those in the ABF Capital action (as modified by the Court's ruling on the Dealer Defendants' motion to dismiss in that action). Plaintiffs purport to represent a class consisting of all investors who purchased interests in the Funds between January 1, 1991 and April 7, 1994. Plaintiffs seek recovery of their investments (alleged to have been approximately $34 million for the named plaintiffs), punitive damages of not less than $1 billion from each defendant, plus interest, costs, attor- neys' fees and other unspecified damages. Bear Stearns denies all allegations of wrongdoing asserted against it in this litigation, intends to defend these claims vigorously, and believes that it has substantial defenses to these claims. (iv) Richard Johnston, et al. v. Askin Capital Management, L.P., et al. On June 9, 1997, three purported investors in the Funds commenced an action in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against ACM and the Dealer Defendants. Plaintiffs' allegations are substantially similar to those in the ABF Capital action (as modified by the Court's ruling on the Dealer Defendants' motion to dismiss in that action). Plaintiffs seek recovery of their investments (alleged to have been approximately $6 million), punitive damages alleged to be no less than $100 million from each defendant, plus interest, costs, attorneys' fees and other unspecified damages. Bear Stearns denies all allegations of wrongdoing asserted against it in this litigation, intends to defend these claims vigorously, and believes that it has substantial defenses to these claims. (v) Granite Partners, L.P., et al. v. Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc., et al. On September 12, 1996, a Trustee appointed by the Bankruptcy Court filed an adversary proceeding on behalf of the Funds against Bear Stearns and Bear Stearns Capital Markets in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York. On December 2, 1996, the reference of this case to the Bankruptcy Court was withdrawn, and the case now is pending in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. On March 21 3, 1997, the Bankruptcy Court ordered that control of the litigation be transferred from the Trustee to a Litigation Advisory Board (the "LAB") consisting of seven members, including five purported investors in the Funds. On August 4, 1997, LAB filed an amended complaint against Bear Stearns, Bear Stearns Capital Markets, a Senior Managing Director of Bear Stearns, Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette Securities Corporation ("DLJ"), a senior vice president of DLJ, and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated. The amended complaint alleges, among other things, that one or more of the defendants induced and participated in breaches of fiduciary duty by Askin and ACM, tortiously interfered with contracts between the Funds and ACM, accepted payment for trades they knew ACM was not authorized to execute, breached their contracts with and duty to the Funds through improper margin calls and liquidations, and in other ways converted the Funds' property, violated the Sherman Act and the Donnelly Act in connection with allegedly collusive liquidations, improperly destroyed tape recordings, tortiously interfered the contracts between the Funds and other dealers, committed common law fraud, negligent misrepresentation and innocent misrepresentation, breached warranties and unjustly enriched themselves. The suit now seeks, among other things, actual and punitive damages in unspecified amounts (there is alleged to have been approximately $400 million in equity invested in the Funds prior to liquidation), rescission of the purchase prices paid by the Funds for certain securities, treble damages for the antitrust claims, restitution for certain profits and compensation made by the defendants in connection with the Funds, plus interest, costs, attorneys fees and other damages. Bear Stearns denies all allegations of wrongdoing asserted against it in this litigation, intends to defend these claims vigorously, and believes that it has substantial defenses to these claims. Henryk de Kwiatkowski v. Bear Stearns & Co., Inc. et al. On June 25, 1996, a Complaint was filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York by a former customer against Bear Stearns, Bear Stearns Securities Corp., Bear Stearns Forex, Inc. and a registered representative. On November 4, 1996, an Amended Complaint was filed. Plaintiff's current pleading alleges, among other things, breach of contract, breach of fiduciary duty, fraud, negligent misrepresentation, negligence and violations of the Commodity Exchange Act. Plaintiff seeks to recover at least $300 million in losses and at least $100 million in punitive damages. On August 28, 1997, the district court dismissed plaintiff's breach of contract, fraud and negligent misrepresentation claims, and all but one of plaintiff's Commodity Exchange Act claims. The court did not dismiss claims for breach of fiduciary duty, negligence and violation of Section 40 of the Commodity Exchange Act. Bear Stearns denies all allegations of wrongdoing asserted against it in this litigation, intends to defend these claims vigorously, and believes that it has substantial defenses to these claims. In re Lady Luck Gaming Corporation Securities Litigation. Beginning in March 1995, a series of actions were commenced in the United States District Court for the District of Nevada involving an initial public offering ("IPO") of 4,500,000 shares of Lady Luck Corporation ("Lady Luck") on September 29, 1993. A Consolidated Class Action Complaint was filed on August 14, 1995, and a Second Amended Class Action Complaint was filed on October 31, 1996. The defendants are Bear Stearns, Oppenheimer & Co., Inc., Lady Luck and several directors and officers of Lady Luck. Bear Stearns and Oppenheimer are sued in their capacity as co-lead underwriters of the IPO. Plaintiffs' current pleading alleges, among other things, that the prospectus issued in connection with the IPO contained certain false or misleading statements concerning Lady Luck and the casino- gaming industry as a whole. Plaintiffs allege violations of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act and Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder against Bear Stearns and Oppenheimer. Plaintiffs purport to represent a class consisting of all persons who purchased shares of Lady 22 Luck from September 29, 1993 to October 11, 1994. Plaintiffs seek unspecified compensatory damages and any appropriate equitable relief. Bear Stearns denies all allegations of wrongdoing asserted against it in this litigation, intends to defend these claims vigorously, and believes that it has substantial defenses to these claims. NASDAQ Antitrust Litigation. On December 16, 1994, a class action complaint consolidating a series of previously filed actions was filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. On August 22, 1995, plaintiffs filed a complaint entitled "refiled consolidated complaint," which was further amended on July 21, 1997, in a complaint entitled "amended refiled consolidated complaint." As amended, the complaint alleges that over 30 market-makers, including Bear Stearns, engaged in a conspiracy with respect to the "spread" between bid prices in so-called "odd-eighths". The complaint alleges violations of antitrust laws and seeks damages in an unspecified amount, treble damages, and declaratory and injunctive relief. On November 27, 1996, the court certified a class consisting of certain persons who purchased or sold certain securities on NASDAQ during specified time periods for each security during the period from May 1, 1989 to May 27, 1994. On June 30 and August 27, 1997, plaintiffs filed motions seeking court approval of settlements totaling nearly $100 million entered into by plaintiffs and three of the defendants in this action. The settling defendants do not include Bear Stearns. Bear Stearns denies all allegations of wrongdoing asserted against it in this litigation, intends to defend these claims vigorously, and believes that it has substantial defenses to these claims. On July 17, 1996, the Antitrust Division of the United States Department of Justice filed a civil antitrust complaint in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York against 24 firms that make markets in NASDAQ securities, including Bear Stearns. The complaint alleges, among other things, that these market maker defendants violated Section 1 of the Sherman Act through a "common understanding" to follow a "quoting convention" that the complaint asserts had inflated the "inside spread" (the difference between the best quoted buying price and the best quoted selling price on NASDAQ) in certain NASDAQ stocks. This allegedly resulted in investors having to pay higher transaction costs for buying and selling stocks than they otherwise would have paid. At the same time the complaint was filed, a proposed settlement of the action was announced, pursuant to which the defendants in the action, while admitting none of the charges, agreed not to engage in certain conduct. The settlement provides, among other things, for the monitoring and tape-recording by each of the defendants of not less than 3.5 percent, or a maximum of 70 hours per week, of telephone conversations by its over-the-counter desk traders, the provision to the Department of Justice of any taped conversation that may violate the terms of the settlement, and for Department of Justice representatives to have access, unannounced in advance, during regular business hours, for the purpose of monitoring trader conversations as the conversations occur. On April 23, 1997, the district court approved the proposed settlement. On May 20, 1997, the plaintiffs in the class action filed in connection with the NASDAQ Antitrust Litigation, who previously had intervened in the civil antitrust action filed by the Antitrust Division of the United States Department of Justice in order to object to the settlement of that action, filed an appeal of the district court's approval of the settlement. On May 21, 1997, the district court granted a stay, pending the outcome of the appeal, of the portion of the district court's order approving the settlement that provided for the tape recording of telephone conversations by defendants' over-the-counter desk traders. Parvus Co. Ltd. v. Bear Stearns & Co., Inc., et al. In March 1997, a former Bear Stearns account holder commenced an NASD arbitration proceeding against Bear Stearns and a former Bear Stearns account executive. 23 The claimant alleges, among other things, unauthorized wire transfers from its account. The claimant alleges claims based upon breach of the fiduciary duty of care and good faith, negligence, violation of NASD Rules, SEC Rules and New York Stock Exchange Rules, breach of contract and failure to supervise. The claimant seeks damages in an unspecified amount, but at least $15 million. On June 13, 1997, Bear Stearns filed an answer denying liability and asserting affirmative defenses. Bear Stearns denies all allegations of wrongdoing asserted against it in this arbitration proceeding, intends to defend these claims vigorously and believes that it has substantial defenses to these claims. * * * The Company or a subsidiary of the Company also has been named as a defendant in numerous other civil actions arising out of its activities as a broker and dealer in securities, as an underwriter, as an investment banker, as an employer or arising out of alleged employee misconduct. Several of these actions allege damages in large or indeterminate amounts, and some of these actions are class actions. With respect to claims involving the Partnership, Bear Stearns has assumed from the Partnership, and has agreed to indemnify the Partnership against, the Partnership's liability, if any, arising out of all legal proceedings to which the Partnership is or was named as a party. In view of the number and diversity of all of the claims referred to in this paragraph and above, the number of jurisdictions in which these claims are pending and the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of these claims, the Company cannot state what the eventual outcome of these claims will be. The Company is contesting the allegations in these lawsuits, and believes that there are substantial defenses in these lawsuits. The Company also is involved from time to time in investigations and proceedings by governmental and self-regulatory agencies. ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS. None. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE COMPANY The following table sets forth certain information as of September 15, 1997 concerning executive officers of the Company as of July 1, 1997. 24
AGE AS OF SEPTEMBER 15, NAME 1997 PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION AND DIRECTORSHIPS HELD - ---- ------ ------------------------------------------- Alan C. Greenberg..................... 70 Chairman of the Board of the Company and Bear Stearns and Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Company's Board of Directors (the "Executive Committee") James E. Cayne........................ 63 President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company and Bear Stearns, member of the Executive Committee and Chairman of the Management and Compensation Committee of the Company's Board of Directors (the "Management and Compensation Committee") Mark E. Lehman........................ 46 Executive Vice President of the Company and Bear Stearns and member of the Executive Committee Alan D. Schwartz...................... 47 Executive Vice President of the Company and Bear Stearns and member of the Executive Committee and the Management and Compensation Committee; Director, DAKA International,Inc. Warren J. Spector..................... 39 Executive Vice President of the Company and Bear Stearns and member of the Executive Committee and the Management and Compensation Committee William J. Montgoris.................. 50 Chief Operating Officer of the Company and Bear Stearns and member of the Management and Compensation Committee; Member of the Board of Trustees of St. John's University Samuel L. Molinaro Jr................. 39 Senior Vice President - Finance and Chief Financial Officer of the Company
Except as indicated below, each of the executive officers of the Company has been a Senior Managing Director of Bear Stearns for more than the past five years. Mr. Greenberg has been Chairman of the Board of the Company for more than the past five years. Mr. Greenberg was Chief Executive Officer of the Company and Bear Stearns from the Company's inception until July 1993. Mr. Cayne has been Chief Executive Officer of the Company and Bear Stearns since July 1993. Mr. Cayne has been President of the Company for more than the past five years. Mr. Lehman became an Executive Vice President of the Company in September 1995. Prior thereto, Mr. Lehman was Senior Vice President - General Counsel of Bear Stearns for more than five years. Mr. Lehman is General Counsel of the Company and Bear Stearns. Mr. Schwartz has been an Executive Vice President of the Company for more than the past five years. Mr. Schwartz is responsible for all of the investment banking activities of Bear Stearns. Mr. Spector became an Executive Vice President of the Company in November 1992. Prior thereto, Mr. Spector was involved in the management of Bear Stearns' Mortgage Department for more than five years. Mr. Spector is responsible for all fixed income activities of Bear Stearns. 25 Mr. Montgoris has been Chief Operating Officer of the Company and Bear Stearns since August 1993. From April 1987 until October 1996, Mr. Montgoris was also Chief Financial Officer of the Company. Mr. Molinaro has been Chief Financial Officer of the Company since October 1996. Prior thereto, Mr. Molinaro was the Senior Vice President-Finance of the Company and Bear Stearns, and a Senior Managing Director of Bear Stearns from September 1993. Mr. Molinaro served as Assistant Controller of Bear Stearns and was a Managing Director of Bear Stearns prior to September 1993. Officers serve at the discretion of the Board of Directors. 26 PART II ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS. The information required to be furnished pursuant to this item is set forth under the caption "Price Range of Common Stock and Dividends" in the Annual Report, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. (13) of this report. ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA. The information required to be furnished pursuant to this item is set forth under the caption "Selected Financial Data" in the Annual Report, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. (13) of this report. ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATION. The information required to be furnished pursuant to this item is set forth under the caption "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in the Annual Report, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. (13) of this report. ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK. The information required to be furnished pursuant to this item is set forth under the caption "Risk Management" in the Annual Report, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. (13) of this report. ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA. The information required to be furnished pursuant to this item is contained in the Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in the Annual Report. Such information and the Independent Auditors' Report in the Annual Report are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit No. (13) of this report. ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE. None. 27 PART III ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT. The information required to be furnished pursuant to this item with respect to Directors of the Company will be set forth under the caption "Election of Directors" in the registrant's proxy statement (the "Proxy Statement") to be furnished to stockholders in connection with the solicitation of proxies by the Company's Board of Directors for use at the 1997 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on October 27, 1997, and is incorporated herein by reference, and the information with respect to Executive Officers is set forth, pursuant to General Instruction G of Form 10-K, under Part I of this Report. The information required to be furnished pursuant to this item with respect to compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act will be set forth under the caption "Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance" in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION. The information required to be furnished pursuant to this item will be set forth under the caption "Executive Compensation" of the Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT. The information required to be furnished pursuant to this item will be set forth under the captions "Voting Securities" and "Security Ownership of Management" of the Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS. The information required to be furnished pursuant to this item will be set forth under the caption "Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions" of the Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein by reference. 28 PART IV ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K. (A) LIST OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES AND EXHIBITS: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: The financial statements required to be filed hereunder are listed on page F-1 hereof. FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES: The financial statement schedules required to be filed hereunder are listed on page F-1 hereof. EXHIBITS: (3)(a)(1) Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed September 11, 1985 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(1) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(2) Certificate of Amendment to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed October 29, 1985 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(2) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(3) Certificate of Stock Designation to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed October 29, 1985 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(3) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(4) Certificate of Change of Address of Registered Agent to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed February 14, 1986 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(4) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(5) Certificate of Amendment to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed September 18, 1986 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(5) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(6) Certificate of Stock Designation to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed February 19, 1987 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(6) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(7) Certificate of Correction to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed February 25, 1987 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(7) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(8) Certificate of Change of Address of Registered Agent to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed October 27, 1988 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(8) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(9) Certificate of Amendment to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed November 6, 1989 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(9) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(10) Certificate of Amendment to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed November 7, 1990 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(10) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). 29 EXHIBITS: (3)(a)(11) Certificate of Amendment to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed November 10, 1992 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(11) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(12) Certificate of Stock Designation to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed March 23, 1993 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(12) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(13) Certificate of Stock Designation to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed July 22, 1993 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(13) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(14) Form of Certificate of Stock Designations to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 4.4 to the registrant's registration statement on Form 8-A filed on February 23, 1994). (3)(b) Amended and Restated By-laws of the registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (3)(b) to registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended June 30, 1991 and Exhibit No. (3)(b) to the registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended December 31, 1992). (4)(a) Indenture, dated as of April 13, 1989, between the registrant and Citibank, N.A., as trustee (incorporated by reference to the identically numbered exhibit to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 33-27713)). (4)(b) Indenture, dated as of May 31, 1991, between the registrant and Manufacturers Hanover Trust Company, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a) to registrant's registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 33-40933)). (4)(c) Except as set forth in (4)(a) and 4(b) above, the instruments defining the rights of holders of long-term debt securities of the registrant and its subsidiaries are omitted pursuant to Section (b)(4)(iii) of Item 601 of Regulation S-K. Registrant hereby agrees to furnish copies of these instruments to the SEC upon request. (4)(d) Form of Deposit Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit (4)(d) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 33-59140)). (10)(a)(1) Employee Convertible Debenture Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to the registrant's proxy statement furnished to stockholders in connection with the solicitation of proxies for the registrant's Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on September 21, 1987).* (10)(a)(2) 1989 Deferred Compensation Plan for Executive Officers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit B to the registrant's proxy statement furnished to stockholders in connection with the solicitation of proxies for the registrant's Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on October 29, 1990).* (10)(a)(3) Management Compensation Plan, as amended and restated as of July 1, 1994 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a)(4) to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended June 30, 1994).* (10)(a)(4) Amendment to the Management Compensation Plan, adopted September 10, 1996 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a)(5) to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended June 30, 1996).* 30 EXHIBITS: (10)(a)(5) Amendment to the Management Compensation Plan, adopted September 18, 1997, subject to approval of Stockholders at the 1997 Annual Meeting.* (10)(a)(6) Capital Accumulation Plan for Senior Managing Directors, as amended and restated as of January 22, 1997 (the "CAP Plan") (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a)(6) to the registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for its fiscal quarter ended December 31. 1996, certain provisions of which are subject to approval of Stockholders at the 1997 Annual Meeting).* (10)(a)(7) Amendment to the CAP Plan, adopted September 10, 1997 subject to the approval of Stockholders at the 1997 Annual Meeting.* (10)(a)(8) Performance Compensation Plan, adopted September 10, 1996 (filed as Exhibit A to the registrant's proxy statement furnished to Stockholders in connection with the solicitation of proxies for the registrant's Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on October 28, 1996).* (10)(a)(9) Amendment to the Performance Compensation Plan, adopted September 10, 1997, subject to approval of stockholders at the 1997 Annual Meeting.* (10)(a)(10) The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. AE Investment and Deferred Compensation Plan, effective January 1, 1989 (the "AE Investment and Deferred Compensation Plan") (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a)(14) to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended June 30, 1996).* (10)(a)(11) Amendment to the AE Investment and Deferred Compensation Plan, adopted April 29, 1996 and effective as of January 1, 1995 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a)(15) to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended June 30, 1996).* (10)(b)(1) Lease, dated as of November 1, 1991, between Forest City Jay Street Associates and The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. with respect to the premises located at One Metrotech Center, Brooklyn, New York (incorporated by reference to Exhibit (10)(b)(1) to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended June 30, 1992). (10)(b)(2) Lease, dated as of March 6, 1987, among Olympia & York 245 Lease Company, 245 Park Avenue Company and The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit (10)(c)(2) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 33-15948)). (10)(b)(3) Lease, dated as of August 26, 1994, between Tenth City Associates and The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(b)(3) to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended June 30, 1994). (11) Statement re: computation of per share earnings. (12) Statement re: computation of ratio of earnings to fixed charges. (13) 1997 Annual Report to Stockholders (only those portions expressly incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed filed with the Commission). (21) Subsidiaries of the registrant. 31 EXHIBITS: (23) Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP. (27) Financial Data Schedule. - --------------------------------- * Executive Compensation Plans and Arrangements 32 (B) REPORTS ON FORM 8-K. The Company filed the following Current Report on Form 8-K during the last quarter of the period covering this report: A Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 16, 1997, pertaining to the registrant's results of operations for the three months and nine months ended March 27, 1997 and to the declaration of dividends. A Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 16, 1997 pertaining to a tax opinion in connection with the issuance of S&P Linked Notes. 33 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on the 29th day of September, 1997. THE BEAR STEARNS COMPANIES INC. (Registrant) By: /s/ William J. Montgoris ------------------------------ William J. Montgoris Chief Operating Officer Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated on the 29th day of September, 1997.
NAME TITLE ---- ----- /s/ Alan C. Greenberg Chairman of the Board; Director - ---------------------------------- Alan C. Greenberg /s/ James E. Cayne President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal - ---------------------------------- Executive Officer); Director James E. Cayne /s/ William J. Montgoris Chief Operating Officer; Director - ---------------------------------- William J. Montgoris /s/ Mark E. Lehman Executive Vice President; Director - ---------------------------------- Mark E. Lehman /s/ Alan D. Schwartz Executive Vice President; Director - ---------------------------------- Alan D. Schwartz /s/ Warren J. Spector Executive Vice President; Director - ---------------------------------- Warren J. Spector 34 Treasurer; Director - ---------------------------------- Michael Minikes /s/ E. Garrett Bewkes III Director - ---------------------------------- E. Garrett Bewkes III /s/ Denis A. Bovin Director - ---------------------------------- Denis A. Bovin /s/ Peter D. Cherasia Director - ---------------------------------- Peter D. Cherasia /s/ Ralph R. Cioffi Director - ---------------------------------- Ralph R. Cioffi /s/ Barry J. Cohen Director - ---------------------------------- Barry J. Cohen Director - ---------------------------------- Wendy L. de Monchaux Director - ---------------------------------- Bruce E. Geismar /s/ Carl D. Glickman Director - ---------------------------------- Carl D. Glickman Director - ---------------------------------- Thomas R. Green Director - ---------------------------------- Donald J. Harrington Director - ---------------------------------- Richard Harriton Director - ---------------------------------- Daniel L. Keating 35 /s/ David A. Liebowitz Director - ---------------------------------- David A. Liebowitz Director - ---------------------------------- Bruce M. Lisman Director - ---------------------------------- Roland N. Livney /s/ Donald R. Mullen Jr. Director - ---------------------------------- Donald R. Mullen Jr. Director - ---------------------------------- Frank T. Nickell Director - ---------------------------------- Craig M. Overlander /s/ Stephen E. Raphael Director - ---------------------------------- Stephen E. Raphael /s/ E. John Rosenwald Jr. Vice Chairman of the Board; Director - ---------------------------------- E. John Rosenwald Jr. Director - ---------------------------------- Lewis A. Sachs /s/ Richard Sachs Director - ---------------------------------- Richard Sachs /s/ Frederic V. Salerno Director - ---------------------------------- Frederic V. Salerno Director - ---------------------------------- David M. Solomon /s/ Robert M. Steinberg Director - ---------------------------------- Robert M. Steinberg 36 Vice Chairman of the Board; Director - ---------------------------------- Michael L. Tarnopol /s/ Vincent Tese Director - ---------------------------------- Vincent Tese /s/ Michael J. Urfirer Director - ---------------------------------- Michael J. Urfirer Director - ---------------------------------- Fred Wilpon Director - ---------------------------------- Uzi Zucker /s/ Michael J. Abatemarco Controller - ---------------------------------- Michael J. Abatemarco /s/ Samuel L. Molinaro Jr. Senior Vice President-Finance and Chief Financial - ---------------------------------- Officer (Principal Accounting Officer and Principal Samuel L. Molinaro Jr. Financial Officer)
37 THE BEAR STEARNS COMPANIES INC. INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES ITEMS 14 (A) (1) AND 14 (A) (2)
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS PAGE REFERENCE ANNUAL FORM 10-K REPORT * Independent Auditors' Report 68 THE BEAR STEARNS COMPANIES INC. (i) Consolidated Statements of Income- fiscal years ended June 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995 48 (ii) Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition at June 30, 1997 and 1996 49 (iii) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity - fiscal years ended June 30, 1995, 1996 and 1997 50-51 (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows- fiscal years ended June 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995 52 (v) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 53-67 FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES Independent Auditors' Report F-2 I Condensed financial information of registrant F-3 - F-6 II Valuation and qualifying accounts F-7
* Incorporated by reference from the indicated pages of the 1997 Annual Report to Stockholders. All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the requested information is included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto. F-1 DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of The Bear Stearns Companies Inc.: We have audited the consolidated financial statements of The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. and Subsidiaries as of June 30, 1997 and 1996, and for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 1997, and have issued our report thereon dated September 2, 1997; such consolidated financial statements and report are included in the Annual Report to Stockholders and are incorporated herein by reference. Our audits also included the financial statement schedules of The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. and Subsidiaries, listed in Item 14. These financial statement schedules are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial statement schedules based on our audits. In our opinion, such financial statement schedules, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, present fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein. /s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP September 2, 1997 F-2 SCHEDULE I CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT THE BEAR STEARNS COMPANIES INC. (PARENT COMPANY ONLY) CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (IN THOUSANDS)
Fiscal Year Fiscal Year Fiscal Year Ended Ended Ended June 30, 1997 June 30, 1996 June 30, 1995 ----------- ---------- ---------- Revenues Interest Coupon.................................. $ 744 $ - $ 8,397 Intercompany............................ 979,757 869,127 711,701 Other..................................... 82,682 59,811 52,444 ----------- ---------- ---------- 1,063,183 928,938 772,542 ----------- ---------- ---------- Expenses Interest.................................. 1,039,461 876,536 743,730 Other..................................... 86,844 66,502 51,788 ----------- ---------- ---------- 1,126,305 943,038 795,518 ----------- ---------- ---------- Loss before benefit from provision for income taxes and equity in earnings of subsidiaries............................. (63,122) (14,100) (22,976) Benefit from provision for income taxes..... (23,206) 5,689 2,427 ----------- ---------- ---------- Loss before equity in earnings of subsidiaries................................ (39,916) (19,789) (25,403) Equity in earnings of subsidiaries.......... 653,246 510,427 266,014 ----------- ---------- ---------- Net income.................................. $ 613,330 $ 490,638 $ 240,611 =========== ========== ==========
See Notes to Condensed Financial Information. F-3 SCHEDULE I CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT THE BEAR STEARNS COMPANIES INC. (PARENT COMPANY ONLY) CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
June 30, 1997 June 30, 1996 ------------- ------------- ASSETS Cash .......................................................... $ 79 $ 2,783 Receivables from subsidiaries.................................. 21,365,235 15,306,820 Investment in subsidiaries, at equity.......................... 3,636,514 2,958,437 Property, equipment and leasehold improvements, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $375,021 in 1997 and $274,319 in 1996................................... 311,405 263,916 Other assets................................................... 922,459 372,055 ------------ ------------ Total Assets........................................... $ 26,235,692 $ 18,904,011 ============ ============ LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Short-term borrowings.......................................... $ 13,496,206 $ 9,531,203 Payables to subsidiaries....................................... 48,919 24,355 Other liabilities.............................................. 904,026 368,556 ------------ ------------ 14,449,151 9,924,114 ------------ ------------ Long-term borrowings........................................... 8,120,328 6,043,614 ------------ ------------ Long-term borrowings from subsidiaries......................... 389,842 190,869 ------------ ------------ STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Preferred stock, $1.00 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized: Adjustable Rate Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series A; $50 liquidation preference; 3,000,000 shares issued............. 150,000 150,000 Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series B; $200 liquidation preference; 937,500 shares issued and outstanding........... 187,500 187,500 Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series C; $200 liquidation preference; 500,000 shares issued and outstanding.......... 100,000 100,000 Common stock, $1.00 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized; 167,784,941 shares and 159,803,764 shares issued in 1997 and 1996, respectively...................................... Paid-in capital................................................ 167,785 159,804 Retained earnings.............................................. 1,874,016 1,696,217 Capital Accumulation Plan...................................... 1,031,736 694,108 Treasury stock, at cost - 655,007 471,191 Adjustable Rate Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series A; 2,520,750 shares and 2,341,350 shares in 1997 and 1996, respectively........................................ (103,421) (95,389) Common stock; 50,191,531 shares and 41,664,729 shares in 1997 and 1996, respectively............................ (772,551) (598,217) Note receivable from ESOP Trust................................ (13,701) (19,800) ------------ ------------ Total Stockholders' Equity..................................... 3,276,371 2,745,414 ------------ ------------ Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity..................... $ 26,235,692 $ 18,904,011 ============ ============
See Notes to Condensed Financial Information. F-4 SCHEDULE I CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT THE BEAR STEARNS COMPANIES INC. (PARENT COMPANY ONLY) CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (IN THOUSANDS)
Fiscal Year Fiscal Year Fiscal Year Ended Ended Ended June 30, 1997 June 30, 1996 June 30, 1995 ----------- ----------- ----------- Cash flows from operating activities: Net income....................................... $ 613,330 $ 490,638 $ 240,611 Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash used in operating activities: Equity in earnings of subsidiaries, net of dividends received........................ (279,147) (300,043) (193,724) Other........................................ 84,658 66,081 65,118 (Increases) decreases in assets: Receivables from subsidiaries................ (6,058,415) (3,187,678) (1,313,631) Investments in subsidiaries, net............. (398,930) (236,437) 10,025 Other assets................................. (513,631) 1,490 (18,744) Increases (decreases) in liabilities: Payables to subsidiaries..................... 24,564 (6,383) (477) Other liabilities............................ 542,957 174,542 48,042 ----------- ----------- ----------- Cash used in operating activities................ (5,984,614) (2,997,790) (1,162,780) ----------- ----------- ----------- Cash flows from financing activities: Net proceeds from short-term borrowings.......... 3,965,003 1,306,746 648,360 Issuance of long-term borrowings................. 3,129,439 2,654,134 1,040,090 Increase in long-term borrowings from subsidiaries.............................. 198,973 -- -- Capital Accumulation Plan........................ 196,114 181,702 87,560 Common Stock distributions....................... 4,006 6,497 18,088 Note repayment from ESOP Trust................... 6,099 5,647 5,229 Payments for: Retirement of Senior Notes................... (1,062,844) (674,000) (400,300) Treasury stock purchases..................... (202,296) (191,474) (70,373) Cash dividends paid.............................. (93,784) (95,001) (92,642) ----------- ----------- ----------- Cash provided by financing activities............ 6,140,710 3,194,251 1,236,012 ----------- ----------- ----------- Cash flows from investing activities: Purchases of property, equipment and leasehold improvements..................................... (124,590) (77,510) (81,282) Purchases of investment securities and other assets................................... (46,706) (118,938) - Proceeds from sale of investment securities and other...................................... 12,496 742 9,217 ----------- ----------- ----------- Cash used in investing activities................ (158,800) (195,706) (72,065) ----------- ----------- ----------- Net (decrease) increase in cash.................. (2,704) 755 1,167 Cash, beginning of year.......................... 2,783 2,028 861 ----------- ----------- ----------- Cash, end of year................................ $ 79 $ 2,783 $ 2,028 =========== =========== ===========
See Notes to Condensed Financial Information. F-5 SCHEDULE I CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT THE BEAR STEARNS COMPANIES INC. (PARENT COMPANY ONLY) NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION 1. GENERAL The condensed financial information of the Company (Parent Company Only) should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. and the notes thereto incorporated by reference in this report. 2. DIVIDENDS RECEIVED FROM SUBSIDIARIES The Company received from its consolidated subsidiaries cash dividends of $374.1 million, $210.4 million, and $72.2 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. 3. STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS Income taxes paid (consolidated) totaled $478.4 million, $279.0 million, and $125.6 million in the fiscal years ended June 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. Cash payments for interest approximated interest expense for the fiscal years ended June 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. F-6 SCHEDULE II THE BEAR STEARNS COMPANIES INC. VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS YEARS ENDED JUNE 30, 1997, 1996 AND 1995 (IN THOUSANDS)
CHARGED TO BALANCE AT COSTS AND BALANCE AT DESCRIPTION EGINNING OF PERIOD EXPENSES DEDUCTIONS END OF PERIOD ----------- ------------------ -------- ---------- ------------- Allowance for Doubtful Accounts: Year ended June 30, 1997... $50,649 $ 4,916 $(4,166) $51,399 Year ended June 30, 1996... 54,175 4,892 (8,418) 50,649 Year ended June 30, 1995... 42,053 16,479 (4,357) 54,175
F-7 EXHIBIT INDEX ------------- EXHIBIT NO. DESCRIPTION - ----------- ----------- (3)(a)(1) Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed September 11, 1985 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(1) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(2) Certificate of Amendment to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed October 29, 1985 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(2) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(3) Certificate of Stock Designation to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed October 29, 1985 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(3) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(4) Certificate of Change of Address of Registered Agent to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed February 14, 1986 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(4) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(5) Certificate of Amendment to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed September 18, 1986 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(5) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(6) Certificate of Stock Designation to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed February 19, 1987 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(6) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(7) Certificate of Correction to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed February 25, 1987 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(7) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(8) Certificate of Change of Address of Registered Agent to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed October 27, 1988 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(8) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(9) Certificate of Amendment to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed November 6, 1989 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(9) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(10) Certificate of Amendment to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed November 7, 1990 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(10) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(11) Certificate of Amendment to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed November 10, 1992 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(11) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(12) Certificate of Stock Designation to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed March 23, 1993 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(12) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(13) Certificate of Stock Designation to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant, filed July 22, 1993 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a)(13) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-49979)). (3)(a)(14) Form of Certificate of Stock Designations to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 4.4 to the registrant's registration statement on Form 8-A filed on February 23, 1994). (3)(b) Amended and Restated By-laws of the registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (3)(b) to registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended June 30, 1991 and Exhibit No. (3)(b) to the registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended December 31, 1992). (4)(a) Indenture, dated as of April 13, 1989, between the registrant and Citibank, N.A., as trustee (incorporated by reference to the identically numbered exhibit to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 33-27713)). (4)(b) Indenture, dated as of May 31, 1991, between the registrant and Manufacturers Hanover Trust Company, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. (4)(a) to registrant's registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 33-40933)). (4)(c) Except as set forth in (4)(a) and 4(b) above, the instruments defining the rights of holders of long-term debt securities of the registrant and its subsidiaries are omitted pursuant to Section (b)(4)(iii) of Item 601 of Regulation S-K. Registrant hereby agrees to furnish copies of these instruments to the SEC upon request. (4)(d) Form of Deposit Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit (4)(d) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 33-59140)). (10)(a)(1) Employee Convertible Debenture Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to the registrant's proxy statement furnished to stockholders in connection with the solicitation of proxies for the registrant's Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on September 21, 1987).* (10)(a)(2) 1989 Deferred Compensation Plan for Executive Officers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit B to the registrant's proxy statement furnished to stockholders in connection with the solicitation of proxies for the registrant's Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on October 29, 1990).* (10)(a)(3) Management Compensation Plan, as amended and restated as of July 1, 1994 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a)(4) to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended June 30, 1994).* (10)(a)(4) Amendment to the Management Compensation Plan, adopted September 10, 1996 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a)(5) to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended June 30, 1996).* (10)(a)(5) Amendment to the Management Compensation Plan, adopted September 18, 1997, subject to approval of Stockholders at the 1997 Annual Meeting.* (10)(a)(6) Capital Accumulation Plan for Senior Managing Directors, as amended and restated as of January 22, 1997 (the "CAP Plan") (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a)(6) to the registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for its fiscal quarter ended December 31. 1996, certain provisions of which are subject to approval of Stockholders at the 1997 Annual Meeting).* (10)(a)(7) Amendment to the CAP Plan, adopted September 10, 1997 subject to the approval of Stockholders at the 1997 Annual Meeting.* (10)(a)(8) Performance Compensation Plan, adopted September 10, 1996 (filed as Exhibit A to the registrant's proxy statement furnished to Stockholders in connection with the solicitation of proxies for the registrant's Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on October 28, 1996).* (10)(a)(9) Amendment to the Performance Compensation Plan, adopted September 10, 1997, subject to approval of stockholders at the 1997 Annual Meeting.* (10)(a)(10) The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. AE Investment and Deferred Compensation Plan, effective January 1, 1989 (the "AE Investment and Deferred Compensation Plan") (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a)(14) to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended June 30, 1996).* (10)(a)(11) Amendment to the AE Investment and Deferred Compensation Plan, adopted April 29, 1996 and effective as of January 1, 1995 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a)(15) to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended June 30, 1996).* (10)(b)(1) Lease, dated as of November 1, 1991, between Forest City Jay Street Associates and The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. with respect to the premises located at One Metrotech Center, Brooklyn, New York (incorporated by reference to Exhibit (10)(b)(1) to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended June 30, 1992). (10)(b)(2) Lease, dated as of March 6, 1987, among Olympia & York 245 Lease Company, 245 Park Avenue Company and The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit (10)(c)(2) to the registrant's registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 33-15948)). (10)(b)(3) Lease, dated as of August 26, 1994, between Tenth City Associates and The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(b)(3) to the registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for its fiscal year ended June 30, 1994). (11) Statement re: computation of per share earnings. (12) Statement re: computation of ratio of earnings to fixed charges. (13) 1997 Annual Report to Stockholders (only those portions expressly incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed filed with the Commission). (21) Subsidiaries of the registrant. (23) Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP. (27) Financial Data Schedule. - --------------------------------- * Executive Compensation Plans and Arrangements
EX-10 2 EXHIBIT 10(A)(5) EXHIBIT 10(a)(5) THE BEAR STEARNS COMPANIES INC. AMENDMENT TO THE MANAGEMENT COMPENSATION PLAN RESOLVED, that the Bear Stearns Companies Inc. Management Compensation Plan (as amended and restated as of July 1, 1994) (the "Plan"), be, and hereby is, amended as follows: 1. Section 1 shall be amended to read as follows: "Section 1 Purpose. The purposes of The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. Management Compensation Plan as amended and restated hereby (the "Plan") are (i) to compensate voting members of the Executive Committee (the "Executive Committee") of The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. (the "Company") on an individual basis for significant contributions to the Company and its subsidiaries and (ii) to stimulate the efforts of such persons by giving them a direct interest in the performance of the Company." EX-10 3 EXHIBIT 10(A)(7) EXHIBIT 10(a)(7) THE BEAR STEARNS COMPANIES INC. AMENDMENTS TO THE CAPITAL ACCUMULATION PLAN RESOLVED, that The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. Capital Accumulation Plan for Senior Managing Directors, as amended and restated (the "Plan"), be, and hereby is, amended as follows: 1. Section 5.3 shall be amended to read as follows: "5.3 Quarterly Credits in Respect of Cash Balances. If there shall exist a Cash Balance in the Cash Balance Account of any Participant on the last day of any fiscal quarter of the Company, including the last day of a Plan Year (a "Quarter End Date"), the Company shall credit the Capital Accumulation Account of each such Participant, as of such Quarter End Date, with a number of additional CAP Units determined by dividing such Cash Balance by the Average Cost Per Share of the Available Shares acquired by the Company and designated by the Board Committee as being allocated to such period. If the aggregate number of CAP Units required to be credited to the Capital Accumulation Accounts of all such Participants pursuant to the preceding sentence would exceed the number of Available Shares, then the aggregate number of CAP Units to be credited shall be limited to the number of Available Shares and such CAP Units shall be allocated on a pro rata basis, based on the respective Cash Balances of each Participant. In connection with any crediting of CAP Units pursuant to this Section 5.3, the Cash Balance of each such Participant shall be reduced by debiting to his Cash Balance Account an amount equal to the product of the number of CAP Units credited to his Capital Accumulation Account and the Average Cost Per Share of the Available Shares acquired by the Company during the annual or quarterly period specified by the Board Committee." 2. The definition of "Available Shares" shall be amended to read as follows: "`Available Shares' means, with respect to any Fiscal Year or portion thereof, the sum of (a) the number of shares of Common Stock purchased by the Company in the open market or in private transactions or otherwise during such period that have not been previously allocated under the Plan and designated by the Board Committee at the time of purchase as having been purchased for issuance under the Plan with respect to the Fiscal Year or portion thereof specified by the Board Committee and (b) shares of Common Stock purchased prior to such period that were designated as Available Shares but were not allocated under the Plan which the Company makes available to the Plan subsequent to the period in which such shares were purchased and the Board Committee thereafter designates as Available Shares for issuance under the Plan with respect to the Fiscal Year or portion thereof specified by the Board Committee." 3. Section 5.5 shall be amended to read as follows: "5.5 Book Value Adjustment. For purposes of calculating the Net Earnings Adjustment with respect to any Deferral Year pursuant to Section 5.10, the Book Value Adjustment shall equal the sum of (1) the amount maintained in the Book Value Adjustment Carry Forward Account pursuant to Section 5.10(a), if any, and (2) the product of (a) the total number of CAP Units credited to the Capital Accumulation Account of each Participant as of the last day of such Deferral Year but without including any CAP Units credited on such date pursuant to Sections 5.1, 5.3 and 5.10 multiplied by (b) the difference between Adjusted Book Value Per Share as of the last day of the Deferral Year and Adjusted Book Value Per Share as of the last day of the preceding Deferral Year." 4. Section 5.4(g) shall be amended to read as follows: "(g) finally, (i) if the sum (or net amount) of the amounts determined for a Participant in subparagraphs (a), (b) and (c) above is a positive number and such sum (or net amount) exceeds the aggregate of the charges, if any, determined for such Participant pursuant to subparagraphs (d), (e) and (f) above, then the Earnings Adjustment shall equal such sum (or net amount), as determined for purposes of this Section 5.4, or (ii) if the net amount of the amounts determined for a Participant in subparagraphs (a), (b) and (c) less the aggregate of the charges, if any, determined pursuant to subparagraphs (d), (e) and (f) is a negative number (an "Earnings Charge") and such Participant has a positive Cash Balance, then (A) such Cash Balance first shall be reduced by an amount equal to such Earnings Charge (provided that no such reduction shall be made to the extent the Earnings Charge relates to a negative result from sub-paragraph (b) or (c)) and (B) if, after reducing such Cash Balance to zero, any amount determined in accordance with the preceding clause (ii) (A) remains unapplied, or if such Participant has no Cash Balance, then the Earnings Adjustment shall be zero." 5. Section 5.10(a) shall be amended to read as follows: "(a) After making any credits to the Capital Accumulation Accounts of the Participants in respect of the fourth fiscal quarter of such Deferral Year pursuant to Section 5.3, each Participant's Account shall be adjusted, effective as of the last day of such Deferral Year, as provided in this Section 5.10(a). The Company shall credit the Capital Accumulation Account of each Participant with an additional number of CAP Units (a "Net Earnings Adjustment") equal to the quotient of (i) the difference between the Earnings Adjustment calculated in accordance with Section 5.4 and the Book Value Adjustment calculated in accordance with Section 5.5 for such Deferral Year, divided by (ii) the Average Cost Per Share of the Available Shares acquired by the Company and designated by the Board Committee as being allocated to such period. Notwithstanding the foregoing, however, if (i) the Earnings Adjustment is a negative number or (ii) the Book Value Adjustment exceeds the Earnings Adjustment then no CAP Units shall be credited to the Accounts of any Participants and the amounts of each of such Book Value Adjustment and Earnings Adjustment shall be disregarded and shall not be taken into account for purposes of the Plan in any subsequent Deferral Year." EX-10 4 EXHIBIT 10(A)(9) EXHIBIT 10(a)(9) THE BEAR STEARNS COMPANIES INC. AMENDMENTS TO THE PERFORMANCE COMPENSATION PLAN RESOLVED, that the Bear Stearns Companies Inc. Performance Compensation Plan (the "Plan"), be, and hereby is, amended as follows: 2. Section 1 shall be amended to read as follows: "Section 1. Purpose. The purposes of The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. Performance Compensation Plan (the "Plan") are (i) to compensate certain Senior Managing Directors (other than participants in the Management Compensation Plan) of The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. and its subsidiaries (the "Company") on an individual basis for significant contributions to the Company and (ii) to stimulate the efforts of such persons by giving them a direct interest in the performance of the Company." 3. Section 3 shall be amended to read as follows: "Section 3. Coverage. For purposes of the Plan, the term "Participant" shall include for each fiscal year each Senior Managing Director so designated by the Compensation Committee within 90 days following the first day of such fiscal year. As used herein, the term "Company" includes both the Company and its subsidiaries, unless the context otherwise requires." 4. Sections 4.2, 5.1, 6.2 and 6.3 shall be amended by changing all references to "an executive officer" to "a Senior Managing Director" and the reference to "executive officers" to "Senior Managing Directors". EX-11 5 EXHIBIT 11 EXHIBIT 11
BEAR STEARNS COMPANIES INC. STATEMENT RE COMPUTATION OF PER SHARE EARNINGS Fiscal Year Fiscal Year Fiscal Year Ended Ended Ended June 30, 1997 June 30, 1996 June 30, 1995 ------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------ (In Thousands, except per share data) Weighted average common and common equivalent shares outstanding (1): Average Common Stock outstanding 120,937 129,636 130,353 Average Common Stock equivalents: Common Stock issuable assuming conversion of CAP 26,474 18,800 16,623 units Common Stock issuable under employee benefit plans 437 419 780 ------------------------------------------------------ Total Weighted Average common and common equivalent shares outstanding 147,848 148,855 147,756 ====================================================== Net income $ 613,330 $ 490,638 $ 240,611 Preferred Stock Dividend requirements (23,833) (24,493) (25,137) Income adjustment (net of tax) applicable to deferred compensation arrangements 31,800 20,205 12,153 ------------------------------------------------------ Adjusted net income $ 621,297 $ 486,350 $ 227,627 ====================================================== Earnings per share $ 4.20 $ 3.27 $ 1.54 ======================================================
(1) Adjusted to reflect stock Dividends
EX-12 6 EXHIBIT 12 EXHIBIT 12
THE BEAR STEARNS COMPANIES INC. STATEMENT RECOMPUTATION OF RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES (In thousands, except for ratio) Fiscal Year Fiscal Year Fiscal Year Fiscal Year Fiscal Year Ended Ended Ended Ended Ended June 30, 1997 June 30, 1996 June 30, 1995 June 30, 1994 June 30, 1993 ------------------ ----------------- ------------------ ------------------ ------------------ Earnings before taxes on income $ 1,013,690 $ 834,926 $ 388,082 $ 642,799 $ 614,398 ------------------ ----------------- ------------------ ------------------ ------------------ Add: Fixed Charges Interest 2,551,364 1,981,171 1,678,515 1,023,866 710,086 Interest factor in rents 26,516 25,672 24,594 21,772 20,084 ------------------ ----------------- ------------------ ------------------ ------------------ Total fixed charges 2,577,880 2,006,843 1,703,109 1,045,638 730,170 ------------------ ----------------- ------------------ ------------------ ------------------ Earnings before fixed charges, and provision for income taxes $ 3,591,570 $ 2,841,769 $ 2,091,191 $ 1,688,437 $ 1,344,568 ================== ================= ================== ================== ================== Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.6 1.8 ================== ================= ================== ================== ==================
EX-13 7 EXHIBIT 13 EXHIBIT 13
The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA FISCAL YEAR ENDED June 30, June 30, June 30, June 30, June 30, In thousands, except share and employee data 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ OPERATING RESULTS Revenues $ 6,077,278 $ 4,963,863 $ 3,753,572 $ 3,440,638 $ 2,853,185 Interest expense 2,551,364 1,981,171 1,678,515 1,023,866 710,086 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Revenues, net of interest expense 3,525,914 2,982,692 2,075,057 2,416,772 2,143,099 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Non-interest expenses Employee compensation and benefits 1,726,931 1,469,448 1,080,487 1,227,061 1,037,099 Other 785,293 678,318 606,488 546,912 491,602 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total non-interest expenses 2,512,224 2,147,766 1,686,975 1,773,973 1,528,701 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Income before provision for income taxes 1,013,690 834,926 388,082 642,799 614,398 Provision for income taxes 400,360 344,288 147,471 255,834 251,951 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Net income $ 613,330 $ 490,638 $ 240,611 $ 386,965 $ 362,447 ==================================================================================================================================== Net income applicable to common shares $ 589,497 $ 466,145 $ 215,474 $ 362,592 $ 355,696 ==================================================================================================================================== FINANCIAL POSITION Total assets $121,433,535 $92,085,157 $ 74,597,160 $ 67,392,018 $ 57,439,505 Long-term borrowings $ 8,120,328 $ 6,043,614 $ 4,059,944 $ 3,408,096 $ 1,883,123 Stockholders' equity $ 3,626,371(1,2) $ 2,895,414(1) $ 2,502,461(1) $ 2,316,566(1) $ 1,776,530 Common shares outstanding (3) 151,561,465 151,274,714 151,465,966 149,208,420 149,353,528 ==================================================================================================================================== PER SHARE DATA Earnings per share (3,4) $ 4.20 $ 3.27 $ 1.54 $ 2.50 $ 2.47 Cash dividends declared per common share $ 0.60 $ 0.60 $ 0.60 $ 0.60 $ 0.60 Book value per common share (3) $ 19.56 $ 16.03 $ 13.34 $ 12.31 $ 10.32 ==================================================================================================================================== OTHER DATA Return on average common equity 27.9% 25.6% 13.5% 23.3% 28.8% Profit margin (5) 28.7% 28.0% 18.7% 26.6% 28.7% Employees 8,309 7,749 7,481 7,321 6,306 ==================================================================================================================================== - ----------------- 1. Includes $150 million of Exchangeable Preferred Income Cumulative Shares which were issued by a subsidiary of the Company. See Note 8 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 2. Includes $200 million of Guaranteed Preferred Beneficial Interests in Company Subordinated Debt Securities which were issued by a subsidiary of the Company. See Note 8 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 3. Adjusted to reflect stock dividends. 4. See Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 5. Represents the ratio of income before provision for income taxes to revenues, net of interest expense.
6 The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS The Company's principal business activities, investment banking, securities trading and brokerage are by their nature, highly competitive and subject to various risks, in particular, volatile trading markets and fluctuations in the volume of market activity. Consequently, the Company's net income and revenues in the past have been, and are likely to continue to be, subject to wide fluctuations, reflecting the impact of many factors, including securities market conditions, the level and volatility of interest rates, competitive conditions, and the size and timing of transactions. Certain statements contained in this discussion are "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, including those previously mentioned. BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT The business environment during fiscal 1997 was generally characterized by a stable economy and low levels of inflation. This economic backdrop resulted in improved financial market conditions and heightened investor activity. The financial markets were characterized by rising domestic equity markets on strong investor volume, active fixed income markets and increased underwriting and merger and acquisition activity. The result of these conditions was reflected in the Company's improved commissions, principal transactions and investment banking revenues. US bond markets experienced volatility throughout fiscal 1997. A strong rally in the US bond market during the first six months of the year was characterized by heavy trading and decreasing interest rates which resulted from moderate economic growth and benign inflation levels. At the outset of the third quarter, the market experienced a general rise in interest rates due to inflationary concerns. Equity markets were characterized by record flows of capital into equity funds, with the major indices reaching record levels. The Dow Jones Industrial Average surged over 2,000 points, reaching 7,672 by the end of the fiscal year. The Standard & Poor's 500 Index climbed 32% and the New York Stock Exchange average daily trading volume rose 21%. The global market environment during fiscal 1997 reflected improved conditions over the prior year. The Company continued to develop global distribution in equity and fixed income areas, resulting in significant increases in international commissions for fiscal year 1997 versus fiscal year 1996. The Company also increased its international base by expanding its securities lending expertise to Europe and Asia. The business environment during fiscal 1996 was generally characterized by moderate economic growth and declining interest rates, which contributed to strong domestic equity and fixed income markets, and robust underwriting and merger and acquisition activity. Bond prices rose steadily for most of the year, and interest rates fell to their lowest levels of the last three years. The New York Stock Exchange and the NASDAQ average daily trading volumes reached new levels in fiscal year 1996. Additionally, major stock indices, such as the Dow Jones Industrial Average, the Standard & Poor's 500 Index, and the NASDAQ Composite, climbed into new territory, each setting an impressive series of records. Additionally, the favorable environment created by rising stock prices and falling interest rates provided a strong investment banking backdrop. These improved financial conditions led to increased investor activity, resulting in strong commissions and trading revenues. 35 MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS RESULTS OF OPERATIONS The Company reported net income of $613.3 million, or $4.20 per share, in fiscal 1997, which represented an increase of 25.0% from $490.6 million, or $3.27 per share, in fiscal 1996. The Company reported net income of $240.6 million, or $1.54 per share, in fiscal 1995. Revenues, net of interest expense ("net revenues"), increased 18.2% to $3.5 billion in fiscal 1997 from $3.0 billion in fiscal 1996, reflecting increases in all revenue categories. Net revenues in fiscal 1995 amounted to $2.1 billion. Commission revenues in fiscal 1997 increased 6.7% to $732.3 million, from $686.5 million in fiscal 1996. Commission revenues derived from retail and institutional investors increased, reflecting higher levels of activity throughout the period. Securities clearance revenues increased, reflecting higher levels of activity and continued growth in the Company's client base. Fiscal 1996 commission revenues improved 25.5% from $546.9 million in fiscal 1995, reflecting higher levels of activity and continued growth of the Company's securities clearance client base. Revenues from principal transactions in fiscal 1997 increased 26.8% to $1.6 billion from $1.2 billion in fiscal 1996, reflecting increases in revenues from the Company's fixed income activities, particularly in the mortgage-backed securities, high yield and corporate bond areas. These increases reflected a favorable interest rate environment and increased customer demand. Increases were also noted in the Company's equity trading activities, particularly in the international equity trading and over-the-counter market-making areas. Additionally, revenues from the Company's derivatives activities increased as the number of transactions increased from the prior year. Fiscal 1996 principal transaction revenues increased 47.1% from $842.6 million in fiscal 1995, reflecting increases in revenues from the Company's fixed income and equity trading activities. Investment banking revenues in fiscal 1997 increased 9.2% to $663.2 million from $607.3 million in fiscal 1996. Underwriting revenues increased due to increases in volume, most notably from emerging markets, investment-grade debt and common equity issuances. Merger and acquisition fees also increased, reflecting increased activity. Fiscal 1996 investment banking revenues increased 74.1% from $348.9 million in fiscal 1995, reflecting increases in underwriting revenues due to higher new issue volume and increases in merger and acquisition fees. Net interest and dividends (revenues from interest and net dividends less interest expense) in fiscal 1997 increased 23.1% to $507.1 million, from $412.1 million in fiscal 1996, principally due to record levels of customer margin debt and short account balances. Average interest-bearing margin debt balances were $30.6 billion and reached $38.1 billion at June 30, 1997, up from $25.6 billion at June 30, 1996. Average free-credit balances were $7.6 billion and reached $8.9 billion at June 30, 1997, up from $6.8 billion at June 30, 1996. The Company also experienced significant growth in its customer securities lending activities attributable to increased customer short selling. Average customer short account balances were $40.3 billion and reached $51.3 billion at June 30, 1997, up from $32.3 billion at June 30, 1996. Net interest and dividends in fiscal 1996 increased 33.5% from $308.8 million in fiscal 1995, principally due to the large increase in customer margin debt and growth in securities lending activities associated with the Company's securities clearance client base. Employee compensation and benefits in fiscal 1997 increased 17.5% to $1.7 billion, from $1.5 billion in fiscal 1996. The increase was principally attributable to increased incentive and discretionary bonuses associated with the increase in net revenues and earnings in fiscal 1997. Employee compensation and benefits, as a percentage of net revenues, decreased to 49.0% for fiscal 1997, from 49.3% in fiscal 1996. Employee compensation and benefits in fiscal 1996 increased 36.0%, from $1.1 billion in fiscal 1995, reflecting increased incentive and discretionary bonuses associated with the increase in net revenues and earnings in fiscal 1996. Other non-interest expenses in fiscal 1997 increased 15.8% to $785.3 million, from $678.3 million in fiscal 1996. Floor brokerage, exchange and clearance fees increased 9.0% in fiscal 1997, reflecting the increase in the volume of securities transactions processed during the fiscal year. The balance of other non-interest expenses increased 17.4% in fiscal 1997, reflecting increases in depreciation and amortization, communications expense and professional fees. These increases are primarily the result of the Company's continued investment in technological upgrades. Other non-interest expenses in fiscal 1996 increased 11.8% from $606.5 million in fiscal 1995, principally reflecting expansion of the Company's business activities. The decrease in the Company's effective tax rate to 39.5% in fiscal 1997, from 41.2% in fiscal 1996, was principally attributable to higher levels of tax preference items. The effective tax rate in fiscal 1996 increased from 38.0% in fiscal 1995, due to increases in state and local taxes. 36 MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES Financial Leverage The Company maintains a highly liquid balance sheet with a majority of the Company's assets consisting of marketable securities inventories, which are marked-to-market daily, and collateralized receivables arising from customer-related and proprietary securities transactions. Collateralized receivables consist of resale agreements secured predominantly by US government and agency securities, and customer margin loans and securities borrowed, which are typically secured by marketable corporate debt and equity securities. The nature of the Company's business as a securities dealer requires it to carry significant levels of securities inventories in order to meet its customer and proprietary trading needs. Additionally, the Company's role as a financial intermediary for customer activities which it conducts on a principal basis, together with its customer-related activities attributable to its clearance business, results in significant levels of customer-related balances, including customer margin debt, securities lending and repurchase activity. Accordingly, the Company's total assets and financial leverage can fluctuate significantly, depending largely upon economic and market conditions, volume of activity, customer demand, and underwriting commitments. The Company's total assets at June 30, 1997 increased to $121.4 billion, from $92.1 billion at June 30, 1996. The increase was primarily attributable to the growth in financial instruments owned, securities borrowed, and securities purchased under agreements to resell. The Company funded this increase with secured borrowings (principally repurchase agreements), unsecured commercial paper and medium-term notes, and an increase in the Company's capital, including long-term borrowings and stockholders' equity. The Company's ability to support increases in total assets is a function of its ability to obtain short-term secured and unsecured funding and its access to sources of long-term capital. The Company continuously monitors the adequacy of its capital base which is a function of asset quality and liquidity. Highly liquid assets such as US government and agency securities typically are funded by the use of repurchase agreements and securities lending arrangements, which require very low levels of margin. In contrast, assets of lower quality or liquidity require higher levels of margin or overcollateralization, and consequently increased levels of capital, in order to obtain secured financing. Accordingly, the mix of assets being held by the Company significantly influences the amount of leverage the Company can employ and the adequacy of its capital base. Funding Strategy The Company's general funding strategy provides for the diversification of its short-term funding sources in order to maximize liquidity. Sources of short-term funding consist principally of collateralized borrowings, including repurchase transactions and securities lending arrangements, customer free-credit balances, unsecured commercial paper, medium-term notes, and bank borrowings generally having maturities from overnight to one year. Repurchase transactions, whereby securities are sold with a commitment for repurchase by the Company at a future date, represent the dominant component of secured short-term funding. The Company continued to increase its utilization of medium-term note financing during fiscal 1997 in order to extend maturities and achieve additional diversification of its funding sources. In addition to short-term funding sources, the Company utilizes long-term senior debt and medium-term notes as a longer-term source of unsecured financing. The Company maintains an alternative funding strategy focused on the liquidity and self-funding ability of the underlying assets. The objective of the strategy is to maintain sufficient sources of alternative funding to enable the Company to fund debt obligations maturing within one year without issuing any new unsecured debt, including commercial paper. The most significant source of alternative funding is the Company's ability to hypothecate or pledge its unencumbered assets as collateral for short-term funding. As part of the Company's alternative funding strategy, the Company regularly monitors and analyzes the size, composition and liquidity characteristics of the assets being financed and evaluates its liquidity needs in light of current market conditions and available funding alternatives. A key factor in this analysis is determining margin levels for each asset category that may be required by a lender in providing secured financing in accordance with legal and regulatory guidelines and market practices. The next component of the analysis is the determination of the estimated length of time that would be required to convert the asset into cash, based upon the depth of the market in which the asset is traded versus the size of the position, assuming conventional settlement periods. For each class of assets, the Company categorizes the margin requirement by maturity from overnight to in excess of one year. The Company attempts to match the schedule of its liabilities with its prospective funding needs in terms of timing and amount. Through the use of this analysis, the Company can continuously evaluate the adequacy of its equity base and the schedule of maturing term-debt supporting its present asset levels. The Company can then seek to adjust its maturity schedule, as necessary, in light of market conditions and funding alternatives. 37 MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS The Company also maintains a committed revolving-credit facility (the "facility") totaling $2.0 billion which permits borrowing on a secured basis by Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. ("Bear Stearns"), Bear, Stearns Securities Corp. ("BSSC") and certain affiliates. The facility provides that up to $1.0 billion of the total facility may be borrowed by the Company on an unsecured basis. Secured borrowings can be collateralized by both investment-grade and non-investment-grade financial instruments. In addition, the facility provides for defined margin levels on a wide range of eligible financial instruments that may be pledged under the secured portion of the facility. There were no borrowings outstanding under the facility at June 30, 1997. Capital Resources The Company conducts a substantial portion of its operating activities within its regulated broker dealer subsidiaries Bear Stearns, BSSC, Bear, Stearns International Limited ("BSIL") and Bear Stearns International Trading Limited ("BSIT"). In connection therewith, a substantial portion of the Company's long-term borrowings and equity has been used to fund investments in and advances to these broker dealer subsidiaries. The Company regularly monitors the nature and significance of assets or activities conducted outside the broker dealer subsidiaries and attempts to fund such assets with either capital or borrowings having maturities consistent with the nature and liquidity of the assets being financed. During fiscal 1997, the Company expanded its long-term borrowing base to $8.1 billion through the issuance of $3.1 billion of long-term debt, which along with the growth in retained earnings and the issuance of $200 million of Guaranteed Preferred Beneficial Interests in Company Subordinated Debt Securities, increased total capital to $11.7 billion from $8.9 billion in fiscal 1996. The increases in the Company's long-term borrowings and equity capital base reflect both the availability of long-term financing opportunities and the growth in the Company's balance sheet and liquidity needs. Long-term debt of $6.5 billion and $5.1 billion had maturities beyond one year at June 30, 1997 and June 30, 1996, respectively. At June 30, 1997, the Company's long-term debt ratings were as follows: - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Moody's Investors Service A2 Standard & Poor's Rating Group A IBCA Inc. A+ Thomson BankWatch AA- - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- In September 1997, the Company entered into a 99-year ground lease at 383 Madison Avenue, New York City. The Company expects to develop and build an office tower on this site which will serve as its new world headquarters. The new facility will be completed by the expiration of the current lease at 245 Park Avenue in 2002. The Company expects to fund the construction of the new building through a combination of internally generated funds and long-term debt. The new facility will allow the Company to consolidate its New York City real estate requirements into one facility and will allow expansion related to future growth. The Company's Capital Accumulation Plan for Senior Managing Directors (the "CAP Plan") allows participants to defer portions of their annual compensation and ultimately to receive shares of the Company's Common Stock in satisfaction thereof. In connection with the CAP Plan, during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1997, the Company repurchased a total of 7,230,103 shares of Common Stock through open market transactions at a cost of approximately $187.1 million. During the year ended June 30, 1997, the participants of the CAP Plan had approximately $246.9 million of fiscal 1997 compensation deferrals and earnings on previous deferrals. This amount was credited to participants' deferred compensation accounts in the form of 7,494,518 shares at a cost of approximately $196.1 million, and the remaining balance of $50.8 million was credited to the participants' deferred compensation cash accounts. The Company intends, subject to market conditions, to continue to purchase in future periods a sufficient number of shares of Common Stock in the open market to enable the Company to issue shares with respect to all compensation deferred and any additional amounts allocated to participants under the CAP Plan. During the fiscal year ended June 30, 1997, the Company adopted a Stock Repurchase Plan (the "Repurchase Plan"). The Repurchase Plan allows for the purchase of up to $250.0 million of Common Stock from time to time, in the open market or otherwise, at prices then prevailing. Purchases of shares under the Repurchase Plan will be in addition to any shares regularly purchased under the CAP Plan. As of September 3, 1997, there have been no purchases under the Repurchase Plan. 38 MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS Cash Flows Cash and cash equivalents increased to $1.2 billion at the end of fiscal 1997, from $127.8 million at the end of fiscal 1996, an increase of $1.1 billion. Fiscal 1996 year-end cash and cash equivalents decreased $572.7 million from $700.5 million at the end of fiscal 1995. Fiscal 1995 year-end cash and cash equivalents increased $405.9 million from $294.6 million at the end of fiscal 1994. Cash provided from financing activities was primarily used to support the growth in operating activities in each of the last three fiscal years. Cash used in operating activities in fiscal 1997 was $5.4 billion. The usage was primarily attributable to increases in financial instruments owned of $12.2 billion, securities borrowed of $11.1 billion and securities purchased under agreements to resell of $3.8 billion. This increase was partially offset by increases in customer payables of $8.0 billion, financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased of $6.9 billion, and securities sold under agreements to repurchase of $6.1 billion. Cash used in operating activities in fiscal 1996 was $3.6 billion. The usage was primarily attributable to increases in securities purchased under agreements to resell of $5.6 billion, securities borrowed of $5.0 billion and financial instruments owned of $4.7 billion. This increase was partially offset by increases in customer payables of $5.7 billion and securities sold under agreements to repurchase of $3.8 billion. Cash used in operating activities in fiscal 1995 was $823.1 million. The usage was primarily attributable to increases in financial instruments owned of $7.1 billion and securities borrowed of $3.6 billion, partially offset by increases in financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased of $2.9 billion and securities sold under agreements to repurchase of $2.7 billion, and decreases in cash and securities deposited with clearing organizations or segregated in compliance with federal regulations of $1.7 billion and customer receivables of $1.3 billion. Cash provided by financing activities in each of the three fiscal years ended June 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995 was primarily attributable to increased net borrowings which were used to support the Company's growth over the same periods while taking advantage of favorable long-term financing opportunities. Investing activities in fiscal 1997 used $230.2 million primarily for purchases of property, equipment and leasehold improvements of $137.3 million and purchases of investment securities and other assets of $108.5 million. Investing activities in fiscal 1996 used $203.5 million primarily for purchases of $134.3 million of investment securities and other assets, as well as purchases of $88.9 million of property, equipment and leasehold improvements. Investing activities in fiscal 1995 used $69.2 million of cash primarily for purchases of $100.3 million of property, equipment and leasehold improvements, partially offset by proceeds of $32.3 million from the sale of investment securities and other assets. Regulated Subsidiaries As registered broker dealers, Bear Stearns and BSSC are subject to the net capital requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, which are designed to measure the general financial soundness and liquidity of broker dealers. Bear Stearns and BSSC have consistently operated in excess of the minimum net capital requirements imposed. BSIL and BSIT, London-based broker dealer subsidiaries, are subject to the regulatory capital requirements of the Securities and Futures Authority, a self-regulatory organization established pursuant to the United Kingdom Financial Services Act of 1986. Merchant Banking and High Yield Securities As part of the Company's merchant banking activities, it participates from time to time in principal investments in leveraged acquisitions. As part of these activities, the Company originates, structures and invests in merger, acquisition, restructuring and leveraged capital transactions, including leveraged buyouts. The Company's principal investments in these transactions are generally made in the form of equity investments or subordinated loans and have not required significant levels of capital investment. At June 30, 1997, the Company held direct equity investments in ten leveraged transactions with an aggregate carrying value of approximately $36.2 million. The Company did not make any significant direct investments in leveraged acquisitions during fiscal 1997. As part of the Company's fixed income securities activities, the Company participates in the trading and sale of high yield, non-investment-grade debt securities, non-investment-grade mortgage loans and the securities of companies that are the subject of pending bankruptcy proceedings (collectively "high yield securities"). Non-investment-grade mortgage loans are principally secured by residential properties and include both non-performing loans and real estate owned. At June 30, 1997 and 1996, the Company held high yield securities of $1.6 billion and $1.1 billion, respectively, in long inventory, and $0.3 billion and $0.1 billion, respectively, in short inventory. These investments generally involve greater risk than investment-grade debt securities due to credit considerations, liquidity of secondary trading markets, and vulnerability to general economic conditions. The level of the Company's high yield securities inventories, and the impact of 39 MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS such activities upon the Company's results of operations, can fluctuate from period to period as a result of customer demands and economic and market considerations. Bear Stearns' Risk Committee continuously monitors exposure to market and credit risk with respect to high yield securities inventories and establishes limits with respect to overall market exposure and concentrations of risk by both individual issuer and industry group. Derivative Financial Instruments Derivative financial instruments represent contractual commitments between counterparties which derive their value from changes in the underlying interest rate, currency exchange rate, index (e.g., S&P 500), reference rate (e.g., LIBOR), or asset value referenced in the related contract. Some derivatives, such as futures contracts, certain options and indexed referenced warrants can be traded on an exchange. Other derivatives, such as interest rate and currency swaps, caps, floors, collars and swaptions, equity swaps and options, structured notes and forward contracts are negotiated in the over-the-counter markets. Derivatives generate both on- and off-balance-sheet considerations depending on the nature of the contract. The Company is engaged as a dealer in over-the-counter derivatives and, accordingly, enters into transactions involving derivative instruments as part of its customer-related and proprietary trading activities. The Company's dealer activities require it to make markets and trade a variety of derivative instruments. In connection with these activities, the Company attempts to mitigate its exposure to market risk by entering into essentially offsetting hedging transactions which may include over-the-counter derivative contracts or the purchase or sale of interest-bearing securities, equity securities, financial futures and forward contracts. The Company also utilizes derivative instruments in order to hedge proprietary market-making and trading activities. In this regard, the utilization of derivative instruments is designed to reduce or mitigate market risks associated with holding dealer inventories or in connection with arbitrage-related trading activities. The Company also utilizes interest rate and currency swaps to hedge its fixed-rate debt issuances as part of its asset and liability management. In connection with the Company's dealer activities, the Company formed Bear Stearns Financial Products Inc. ("BSFP") and Bear Stearns Trading Risk Management Inc. ("BSTRM"). BSFP and BSTRM were established to provide clients with a AAA-rated counterparty offering a wide range of global fixed income and equity derivative products. Additionally, the Company is able to provide counterparties with the choice of either a termination or continuation structure. As of June 30, 1997 and 1996, the Company had notional/ contract amounts of $353.0 billion and $288.2 billion, respectively, of derivative financial instruments, of which $62.0 billion and $69.2 billion, respectively, were listed futures and option contracts. The aggregate notional/contract value of derivative contracts is a reflection of the level of activity and does not represent the amounts that are recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The Company's derivative financial instruments, which either are used to hedge trading positions or are part of its derivative dealer activities, are marked to fair value. Fair value on exchange-traded derivative financial instruments is based upon quoted market values, while over-the-counter derivative financial instruments are generally valued at mid-market, based upon dealer price quotations and valuation pricing models. Valuation pricing models consider time value and volatility factors underlying each of the financial instruments, as well as other relevant economic factors such as market, credit and liquidity risk. The unrealized gains or losses are recorded in net income. Unrealized gains and losses on derivative financial instruments used to hedge the Company's long-term debt issuances are deferred, and related income and expense are recorded on an accrual basis, together with the interest expense incurred on the underlying debt instrument. The Company hedges its long-term debt issuances principally by converting fixed-rate instruments to floating-rate debt, using interest rate swaps, generally based on LIBOR. This strategy allows the Company to manage interest rate exposure on its assets and liabilities, and has enabled the Company to reduce its interest expense by $29.4 million, $15.9 million and $21.1 million during fiscal years 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. 40 MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS EFFECTS OF INFLATION Since the Company's assets are primarily recorded at their current market value, they are not significantly affected by inflation. However, the rate of inflation affects the Company's expenses, such as employee compensation, office leasing costs and communications charges, which may not be readily recoverable in the price of services offered by the Company. To the extent that inflation causes interest rates to rise and has other effects on the securities markets and on the value of securities held in inventory, it may adversely affect the Company's financial position and results of operations. EFFECTS OF STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS In June 1996, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") 125, "Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities," effective for transactions occurring after December 31, 1996. Certain provisions of this statement relating to repurchase agreements, securities lending transactions and similar transactions have been deferred by SFAS 127 and will become effective after December 31, 1997. SFAS 125 introduces the financial-components approach which results in the recognition of financial assets based upon control and the derecognition of financial assets when control has been surrendered. SFAS 125 requires that, in cases where the secured party has taken control, debtors reclassify financial assets that are pledged as collateral and that secured parties recognize those assets and their obligation to return them. If the secured party is permitted to sell or repledge such collateral on reverse repurchase agreements where the debtor does not have the right to redeem the collateral on short notice, the secured party shall recognize the collateral as its assets and also the obligation to return it. Based on this approach, SFAS 125 will affect the current accounting for reverse repurchase and repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions. The effective provisions of SFAS 125 have not had a material impact on the financial condition or operations of the Company; however, the Company has not yet determined the effect upon the financial condition or operations of the Company relating to the deferred provisions. In February 1997, the FASB issued SFAS 128, "Earnings Per Share," which will be effective for financial statements issued for periods ending after December 15, 1997, including interim periods. Under this standard, the Company will replace its disclosure of "primary" earnings per share with "basic" earnings per share. Basic earnings per share excludes dilution and is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Prior period amounts must be restated. The impact on previously reported primary earnings per share will be immaterial. Diluted earnings per share, as required under the new standard, is computed similarly to fully diluted earnings per share under existing accounting principles. In June 1997, the FASB issued SFAS 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income," which requires businesses to disclose comprehensive income and its components in a prominent position on the face of the financial statements. The effect of SFAS 130 will not be material to the Company's financial statement disclosure. In June 1997, the FASB issued SFAS 131, "Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information," which will be effective for the Company beginning January 1, 1998. SFAS 131 redefines how operating segments are determined and requires disclosure of certain financial and descriptive information about a company's operating segments. The Company believes that the segment information required to be disclosed under SFAS 131 will be more comprehensive than previously provided, including expanded disclosure of income statement and balance sheet items for each of its reportable operating segments. However, the Company has not yet determined the impact of this statement on the Company's financial statement disclosure. 41 The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. RISK MANAGEMENT Overall The Company's principal business activities by their nature engender significant market and credit risks. Managing these risks is critical to the success and stability of the Company. As a result, comprehensive risk management policies and procedures have been established to identify, control and monitor each of these major risks. Additionally, the Company's diverse portfolio of business activities helps to reduce the impact that volatility in any particular market may have on its net revenues. In addition to market risk, the Company is also subject to credit risk, operating risk and funding risk. Funding risk is discussed in the Liquidity and Capital Resources section of Management's Discussion and Analysis. Managing risk at the Company begins first and foremost with the expertise and experience of trading department management. Senior Managing Directors in each trading department have extensive knowledge of the markets and activities in which they do business. Their experience and insight are supplemented by risk management policies and procedures intended to monitor and evaluate the Company's risk profile. The cornerstone of the Company's risk management practices is constant communication between trading department management and senior management concerning inventory positions and market risk profile. This process, which occurs on a daily basis, culminates each week with the trading departments making formal reports of positions, profits and losses and trading strategies to Bear Stearns' Risk Committee (the "Risk Committee"). The Risk Committee, comprised of Senior Managing Directors from each of the various trading departments, is chaired by Alan C. Greenberg, Chairman of the Board of the Company and of Bear Stearns. The Risk Committee meets weekly and has overall responsibility for oversight of the trading departments and their related trading strategies. The risk management process encompasses many units, including the Controller's Department, Operations and the Risk Management Department, and is intended to support and enforce the Company's policies and procedures with respect to market risk. As part of its daily risk management procedures the Company marks all of its inventory to market and the Controller's Department provides to senior management daily profit and loss statements covering all trading departments. The Controller's Department and Operations monitor position and balance sheet information through reconciliation procedures. The Risk Management Department, which was formed in 1988, is independent of all trading areas and reports directly to the Risk Committee. The goals of the department are to understand the risk profile of each trading area, to articulate large trading or position risks to senior management, to provide traders with perspectives on their positions and to ensure accurate mark-to-market pricing. The department's staffing and responsibilities have grown with the Company's trading activities. The Risk Management Department, together with trading department management, reviews the age and composition of the departments' proprietary accounts and the profits and losses of each portfolio on a daily basis. This is to ensure that trading strategies are being adhered to within acceptable risk parameters. Bear Stearns' Credit Policy Committee and its subcommittee, the Global Credit Committee, establish and review appropriate credit limits for institutional customers. The Credit Policy Committee is primarily comprised of Senior Managing Directors who are generally not involved in the operations of the departments seeking credit approval for customers. The Credit Policy Committee is scheduled to meet weekly and establishes policies and guidelines, which the Global Credit Committee enforces by setting credit limits and by monitoring exposure of customers seeking repurchase and resale agreement facilities, derivative financial instruments and other forms of secured and unsecured credit. 42 RISK MANAGEMENT Market Risk Market risk generally represents the risk of loss that may result from the potential change in the value of a financial instrument as a result of fluctuations in interest and currency exchange rates and in equity and commodity prices. Market risk is inherent to both derivative and non-derivative financial instruments, and accordingly, the scope of the Company's market risk management procedures extends beyond derivatives to include all market risk sensitive financial instruments. The Company's exposure to market risk is directly related to its role as a financial intermediary in customer-related transactions and to its proprietary trading and arbitrage activities. The Company makes dealer markets in investment-grade corporate debt, non-investment-grade corporate ("high yield") debt, US government securities, sovereign debt, mortgages and mortgage-backed securities, and municipal bonds. The Company is also an active market-maker and conducts block trading activities in both the listed and over-the-counter equity markets. In connection with these activities, the Company may be required to maintain significant inventories in order to ensure availability and to facilitate customer order flow. The Company is also engaged as a dealer in over-the-counter derivatives, and accordingly enters into transactions such as interest rate and cross-currency swaps, over-the-counter swaps and options on foreign currencies and equity swaps and options as part of its customer and proprietary trading activities. In connection with these activities the Company attempts to mitigate its exposure to such market risk by entering into hedging transactions which may include over-the-counter derivative contracts or the purchase or sale of securities, financial futures, options on futures or forward contracts. The Company's arbitrage activities are designed to take advantage of market price discrepancies between securities trading in different markets or between related products or derivative securities. Arbitrage activities involve maintaining offsetting positions in other financial instruments. In many instances, the Company may be required to purchase or sell derivative financial instruments as part of the arbitrage of a cash market security. These transactions may involve forward-settling transactions such as forwards or futures, where the objective may be to capture differences in the time value of money, or options transactions, which seek to capture differences between the expected and actual volatility of the underlying instrument. The Company attempts to mitigate its exposure to market risk with respect to these activities by entering into hedging transactions. Following is a discussion of the Company's primary market risk exposures as of June 30, 1997, including a discussion of how those exposures are currently managed. Interest Rate Risk Interest rate risk is a consequence of maintaining inventory positions and trading in interest rate sensitive financial instruments. In connection with the Company's dealer and arbitrage activities, including market-making in over-the-counter derivative contracts, the Company exposes itself to interest rate risk, arising from changes in the level or volatility of interest rates, mortgage prepayment speeds or the shape and slope of the yield curve. The Company's corporate bond activities also expose it to the risk of loss related to changes in credit spreads. Credit spread risk arises from the potential that changes in an issuer's credit rating or credit perception affect the value of financial instruments. Credit risk resulting from default on counterparty obligations is discussed in the credit risk section. The Company attempts to hedge its exposure to interest rate risk by entering into transactions such as interest rate swaps, options, eurodollar and US government securities and futures and forward contracts designed to reduce the Company's risk profile. Foreign Exchange Rate Risk Foreign exchange rate risk arises from the possibility that changes in foreign exchange rates will impact the value of financial instruments. When the Company buys or sells a foreign currency or a financial instrument denominated in a currency other than US dollars, exposure exists from a net open currency position. Until the position is covered by selling or buying an equivalent amount of the same currency or by entering into a financing arrangement denominated in the same currency, the Company is exposed to a risk that the exchange rate may move against it. The principal currencies creating foreign currency risk for the Company were the German deutsche mark and the Japanese yen. The Company hedges the risk arising from its foreign exchange activities primarily through the use of currency swaps, options, forwards and futures. Equity Price Risk The Company is exposed to equity price risk as a consequence of making markets in equity securities and equity derivatives. Equity price risk results from changes in the level or volatility of equity prices which affect the value of equity securities or instruments that derive their value from a particular stock, a basket of stocks or a stock index. The Company attempts to reduce the risk of loss inherent in its inventory in equity securities by entering into hedging transactions, including equity options, designed to mitigate the Company's market risk profile. 43 RISK MANAGEMENT Value at Risk The estimation of potential losses that could arise from changes in market conditions is typically accomplished through the use of statistical models which seek to predict risk of loss based on historical price and volatility patterns. Such statistical models are commonly known as value at risk. Value at risk is used to describe a probabilistic approach to measuring the exposure to market risk. This approach utilizes statistical concepts to estimate the probability of the value of a financial instrument falling above or below a specified amount. The calculation utilizes the standard deviation of historical changes in value of the market risk sensitive financial instruments (i.e., volatility) to estimate the amount of change in the current value that could occur at a specified probability level. Measuring market risk using statistical risk management models has recently become the main focus of risk management efforts by many companies whose earnings are significantly exposed to changes in the fair value of financial instruments. The Company believes that statistical models alone do not provide a reliable method of monitoring and controlling risk. While value at risk models are relatively sophisticated, the quantitative risk information generated is limited by the parameters established in creating the related models. The financial instruments being evaluated may have features which may trigger a potential loss in excess of the amounts previously disclosed if the changes in market rates or prices exceed the confidence level of the model used. Therefore, such models do not substitute for the experience or judgment of senior management and traders, who have extensive knowledge of the markets and adjust positions and revise strategies as they deem necessary. The Company uses these models only as a supplement to other risk management tools. For purposes of new Securities and Exchange Commission disclosure requirements, the Company has performed an entity-wide value at risk analysis of virtually all of the Company's financial assets and liabilities, including all reported financial instruments owned and sold, repurchase and resale agreements, and funding assets and liabilities. The value at risk related to non-trading financial instruments has been included in this analysis and not reported separately because the amounts were not material. The calculation is based on a methodology which uses a one-day interval and a 95% confidence level. Interest rate and foreign exchange rate risk use a Monte Carlo value at risk approach. For interest rates, each country's yield curve has five factors which describe possible curve movements. These were generated from principal component analysis. In addition, volatility and spread risk factors were used, where appropriate. Inter-country correlations were also used. Equity price risk was measured using a historical value at risk. Equity derivatives were treated as correlated with various indices, of which the Company used forty. Parameter estimates, such as volatilities and correlations, were based on daily tests through June 30, 1997. This table illustrates the value at risk for each component of market risk as of June 30, 1997: In millions ------------------------------------------------------- Market Risk Interest rate $ 11.6 Currency 3.2 Equity 8.9 ------------------------------------------------------- 44 RISK MANAGEMENT As previously discussed, the Company utilizes a wide variety of market risk management methods, including: limits for each trading activity; marking all positions to market on a daily basis; daily profit and loss statements; position reports; aged inventory position reports; and independent verification of all inventory pricing. Additionally, trading department management reports positions, profits and losses, and trading strategies to the Risk Committee on a weekly basis. The Company believes that these procedures, which stress timely communication between trading department management and senior management, are the most important elements of the risk management process. Efforts to further strengthen the Company's management of market risk are continuous, and the enhancement of risk management systems is a priority of the Company. This includes the development of quantitative methods, profit and loss and variance reports, and the review and approval of pricing models. The chart below represents a summary of the daily revenues generated by the Company's trading departments and reflects a combination of trading revenues, net interest revenues for certain trading areas and other revenues for the year ended June 30, 1997. This chart represents a historical summary of the results generated by the Company's trading departments, as opposed to the probability approach used by the value at risk model. The average daily trading profit was $6.2 million for fiscal 1997. The range of daily trading profit volatility reflects the Company's historical ability to manage its exposure to market risk and the diversified nature of its trading activities. DAILY TRADING PROFIT FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION [The following is a tabular version of a bar graph included in the paper version of the Annual Report] FREQUENCY INTERVALS (Number of Days) (Daily Trading Profit Volatility) ---------------- --------------------------------- 0 (5,000,000) 0 (4,000,000) 1 (3,000,000) 0 (2,000,000) 2 (1,000,000) 6 0 2 1,000,000 13 2,000,000 16 3,000,000 21 4,000,000 30 5,000,000 20 6,000,000 18 7,000,000 28 8,000,000 22 9,000,000 15 10,000,000 9 11,000,000 13 12,000,000 7 13,000,000 5 14,000,000 6 15,000,000 7 16,000,000 5 17,000,000 0 18,000,000 0 19,000,000 7 greater than or equal to 20,000,000 45 RISK MANAGEMENT Credit Risk Credit risk arises from the potential inability of counterparties to perform on an obligation in accordance with the terms of the contract. The Company is exposed to credit risk in various capacities: as counterparty in financial contracts; as direct lender; as holder of securities; and as member of exchanges and clearing organizations. The Company accepts credit risk whenever a counterparty is obligated to perform under a contract. As a lender, the Company is exposed to the risk of nonpayment of interest or principal by the borrower. As a holder of securities, the Company is exposed to default by the issuer or to the possibility of market price deterioration. The Company has established policies and procedures to manage credit risk. The Credit Policy Committee has full authority to rule on all credit issues. The Credit Policy Committee establishes credit limits for the Global Credit Committee and Global Credit Department, approves exposure measurement standards and sets documentation and credit support policies. The Global Credit Committee implements the policies established by the Credit Policy Committee on an individual counterparty level. The credit risk management functions of the Company are administered in four departments: Global Credit; Margin; Risk Management and Correspondent Clearing (Specialist Clearance). The Global Credit Department is responsible for approving, monitoring and controlling extensions of credit to counterparties of the Company. The department's function is to assess the creditworthiness of the Company's counterparties, to assign credit limits and credit requirements, to assess the quality and acceptability of collateral, to monitor compliance with these credit limits, to obtain adequate legal documentation and to carry out the directives of the Global Credit Committee. The Company measures and monitors credit risk depending upon the nature of the financial instrument creating the credit exposure. For products other than derivatives, credit risk is controlled by the Global Credit Department on the basis of notional amounts and the terms of the contract. The Global Credit Department's oversight of the credit risk associated with derivative products includes the measurement of the replacement cost of the position in addition to any estimates of potential future exposure as a result of market changes. The gross replacement cost of a derivative position is the positive mark-to-market value of the transaction without taking into account the effects of netting or collateralized arrangements. Master netting agreements and various enhancements such as collateral are used to reduce counterparty credit risk. The credit exposures reflect these risk-reducing features to the extent they are legally enforceable. The Company's net replacement cost of derivative contracts in a gain position at June 30, 1997 and 1996 was $540.8 million and $276.8 million, respectively. Exchange-traded financial instruments are guaranteed by the clearing organization and have minimal credit risk due to margin requirements. The Global Credit Department establishes three classes of derivatives credit limits: unsecured, mark-to-market and initial margin. Derivatives operations monitors the counterparty's designated credit requirements. Unsecured credit limits are available to certain investment-grade quality clients who will post no collateral to support their derivatives contracts. The Company measures credit risk arising from derivative contracts with unsecured counterparties using a value at risk approach. A statistical estimate of potential exposure is applied against unsecured derivatives credit limits. The statistical models used by the Company project the highest replacement cost during the life of the contracts all but 2.3% of the time. The Global Credit Department's determination of the size and tenor of a counterparty's credit line includes an assessment of credit ratings and tangible equity amounts. The Global Credit Department establishes internal ratings for unrated counterparties based on the quality and size of the counterparty as well as the countries in which they operate, among other criteria. 46 RISK MANAGEMENT Mark-to-market derivatives credit limits are for clients posting no initial margin but posting collateral once the replacement cost of the contract reaches a specified threshold of either potential exposure estimates or replacement costs which trigger calls for collateral by the Company. Exposure thresholds are based on the investment grade of the counterparty. Initial margin credit limits are for those posting collateral at the onset of the contract in addition to marking-to-market as the replacement cost changes, subject to a minimum call level. Since potential exposures net of posted collateral are minimal, the Company monitors risk based on the amount of collateral required from the counterparty. The Margin Department is responsible for evaluating the risk of extending to the Company's customers loans secured by certain marketable securities. The Margin Department evaluates the creditworthiness of the borrower as well as the acceptability of collateral. The Risk Management Department is responsible for monitoring the market risk of the Company's proprietary positions. As part of its duties, the group evaluates the credit quality of securities positions held in inventory in order to quantify and limit the risk to the Company of issuer default or changes in credit spreads. The Risk Department of the Specialist Clearance function is responsible for extensions of credit to correspondents (broker dealers and other professional investors) and their customers. The department uses sophisticated computer simulations to project adverse moves in the value of certain correspondents' or their customers' assets held by the Company on an individual security basis and portfolio basis. These daily simulations value the positions assuming a minimum adverse move for portfolios of 20% and individual securities of 25%. In some cases, these percentages are considerably higher depending on a portfolio's or instrument's market value, volatility and liquidity. Operating Risk Operating risk is the potential for loss arising from limitations in the Company's financial systems and controls, deficiencies in legal documentation and the execution of legal and fiduciary responsibilities, deficiencies in technology and the risk of loss attributable to operational problems. These risks are less direct than credit and market risk, but managing them is critical, particularly in a rapidly changing environment with increasing transaction volumes. In order to reduce or mitigate these risks, the Company has established and maintains an effective internal control environment which incorporates various control mechanisms at different levels throughout the organization and within such departments as Finance and Accounting, Operations, Legal and Internal Audit. These control mechanisms are designed to ensure that operational policies and procedures are being followed and that the Company's various businesses are operating within established corporate policies and limits. Management has established and maintains an effective internal control structure over financial reporting, the primary goal of which is to ensure that policies and procedures have been established regarding authorization, access to assets and asset accountability. This provides a high degree of assurance that assets are acquired and safeguarded, and that liabilities are incurred and discharged, in accordance with management's decisions. In addition, an effective internal control structure ensures that financial information is accurately maintained on the books. The Company also has effective risk controls in place to ensure that operational functions such as transaction initiation, transaction processing and settlement/clearance are functioning properly. The Company has invested heavily in technology over the years in order to have the ability to gather and process information efficiently and to handle the wide variety of products and services the Company offers. In addition, our investment in technology allows us to communicate information efficiently and securely to our customers and to groups within the Company. The Company has policies and procedures in place related to contract administration, which includes ensuring that contract files are properly maintained and that International Swap Dealers Association master netting agreements, which provide protection in the event of counterparty default, are obtained. The Operations Committee, together with the Management and Compensation Committee, has oversight responsibilities for all operational and other matters that affect the Company's day-to-day activities. These committees also review new products/businesses and ensure that policies and procedures are established and in place prior to doing business. 47
The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME Fiscal Year Ended Fiscal Year Ended Fiscal Year Ended June 30, June 30, June 30, In thousands, except share data 1997 1996 1995 =========================================================================================================================== REVENUES Commissions $ 732,343 $ 686,548 $ 546,939 Principal transactions 1,571,332 1,239,697 842,575 Investment banking 663,249 607,338 348,886 Interest and dividends 3,058,452 2,393,266 1,987,297 Other income 51,902 37,014 27,875 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total revenues 6,077,278 4,963,863 3,753,572 Interest expense 2,551,364 1,981,171 1,678,515 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Revenues, net of interest expense 3,525,914 2,982,692 2,075,057 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NON-INTEREST EXPENSES Employee compensation and benefits 1,726,931 1,469,448 1,080,487 Floor brokerage, exchange and clearance fees 141,211 129,509 109,040 Communications 102,926 92,827 85,711 Occupancy 88,419 85,899 83,247 Depreciation and amortization 89,719 69,878 59,274 Advertising and market development 69,765 56,797 57,036 Data processing 36,620 34,305 33,650 Other expenses 256,633 209,103 178,530 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total non-interest expenses 2,512,224 2,147,766 1,686,975 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Income before provision for income taxes 1,013,690 834,926 388,082 Provision for income taxes 400,360 344,288 147,471 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net income $ 613,330 $ 490,638 $ 240,611 =================================================================================================================== Net income applicable to common shares $ 589,497 $ 466,145 $ 215,474 =================================================================================================================== Earnings per share $ 4.20 $ 3.27 $ 1.54 =================================================================================================================== Weighted average common and common equivalent shares outstanding 147,847,885 148,855,048 147,755,982 ===========================================================================================================================
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 48
The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION June 30, June 30, In thousands, except share data 1997 1996 =========================================================================================================================== ASSETS Cash and cash equivalents $ 1,249,132 $ 127,847 Cash and securities deposited with clearing organizations or segregated in compliance with federal regulations 1,448,814 1,702,124 Securities purchased under agreements to resell 28,340,599 24,517,275 Securities borrowed 40,711,280 29,611,207 Receivables: Customers 8,572,521 7,976,373 Brokers, dealers and others 1,227,947 811,391 Interest and dividends 405,892 305,725 Financial instruments owned, at fair value 38,437,280 26,222,134 Property, equipment and leasehold improvements, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $415,681 and $318,657 in 1997 and 1996, respectively 379,533 331,924 Other assets 660,537 479,157 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total Assets $ 121,433,535 $ 92,085,157 =================================================================================================================== LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Short-term borrowings $ 14,416,671 $ 9,867,619 Securities sold under agreements to repurchase 39,431,216 33,353,899 Payables: Customers 29,921,386 21,905,015 Brokers, dealers and others 2,808,359 1,847,599 Interest and dividends 452,662 448,121 Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased, at fair value 20,784,796 13,916,581 Accrued employee compensation and benefits 907,337 712,962 Other liabilities and accrued expenses 964,409 1,094,333 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 109,686,836 83,146,129 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Commitments and contingencies Long-term borrowings 8,120,328 6,043,614 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Guaranteed Preferred Beneficial Interests in Company Subordinated Debt Securities 200,000 Preferred Stock issued by subsidiary 150,000 150,000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Preferred Stock 437,500 437,500 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Common Stock, $1.00 par value; 200,000,000 shares authorized; 167,784,941 shares and 159,803,764 shares issued in 1997 and 1996, respectively 167,785 159,804 Paid-in capital 1,874,016 1,696,217 Retained earnings 1,031,736 694,108 Capital Accumulation Plan 655,007 471,191 Treasury Stock, at cost Adjustable Rate Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series A: 2,520,750 shares and 2,341,350 shares in 1997 and 1996, respectively (103,421) (95,389) Common Stock: 50,191,531 shares and 41,664,729 shares in 1997 and 1996, respectively (772,551) (598,217) Note receivable from ESOP trust (13,701) (19,800) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total Stockholders' Equity 3,276,371 2,745,414 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity $ 121,433,535 $ 92,085,157 ===================================================================================================================
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 49
The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Treasury Stock -------------------------- Adjustable Rate Cumulative Preferred Stock, Note Common Capital Series A-$50 Common Receivable In thousands, Preferred Stock Paid-In Retained Accumulation Liquidation Stock from ESOP except share data Stock $1 Par Value Capital Earnings Plan Preference $1 Par Value Trust - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Balance, June 30, 1994 $ 437,500 $ 144,965 $1,447,066 $ 388,685 $ 275,415 $ (85,507) $(410,882) $ (30,676) Net income 240,611 Cash dividends declared Common ($0.60 per share) (67,475) Preferred (25,137) Purchase of Treasury Stock Common Stock (4,293,726 shares) (72,915) Common Stock issued out of treasury (2,561,732 shares) 6,475 (18,637) 25,604 Income tax benefits attributable to Common Stock issued out of treasury 4,674 5% stock dividend (7,237,630 shares) 7,238 99,022 (106,354) Note repayment from ESOP Trust 5,229 Allocation under Capital Accumulation Plan 87,560 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Balance, June 30, 1995 437,500 152,203 1,557,237 430,330 344,338 (85,507) (458,193) (25,447) Net income 490,638 Cash dividends declared Common ($0.60 per share) (70,293) Preferred (24,493) Purchase of Treasury Stock Adjustable Rate Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series A (222,800 shares) (9,882) Common Stock (8,513,944 shares) (186,863) Common Stock issued out of treasury (3,289,549 shares) 9,213 (54,849) 46,839 Income tax benefits attributable to Common Stock issued out of treasury 5,294 5% stock dividend (7,601,040 shares) 7,601 124,473 (132,074) Note repayment from ESOP Trust 5,647 Allocation under Capital Accumulation Plan 181,702 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Balance, June 30, 1996 $ 437,500 $ 159,804 $1,696,217 $ 694,108 $ 471,191 $ (95,389) $ (598,217) $ (19,800) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 50
Treasury Stock -------------------------- Adjustable Rate Cumulative Preferred Stock, Note Common Capital Series A-$50 Common Receivable In thousands, Preferred Stock Paid-In Retained Accumulation Liquidation Stock from ESOP except share data Stock $1 Par Value Capital Earnings Plan Preference $1 Par Value Trust - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Balance, June 30, 1996 $ 437,500 $ 159,804 $1,696,217 $694,108 $ 471,191 $ (95,389) $(598,217) $ (19,800) Net income 613,330 Cash dividends declared Common ($0.60 per share) (69,928) Preferred (23,890) Purchase of Treasury Stock Adjustable Rate Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series A (179,400 shares) (8,032) Common Stock (7,230,103 shares) (186,742) Common Stock issued out of treasury (745,399 shares) 350 (12,298) 12,408 Income tax benefits attributable to Common Stock issued out of treasury 3,546 5% stock dividend (7,981,177 shares) 7,981 173,903 (181,884) Note repayment from ESOP Trust 6,099 Allocation under Capital Accumulation Plan 196,114 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Balance, June 30, 1997 $ 437,500 $ 167,785 $1,874,016 $1,031,736 $ 655,007 $(103,421) $(772,551) $ (13,701) ====================================================================================================================================
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 51 The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Fiscal Year Ended Fiscal Year Ended Fiscal Year Ended June 30, June 30, June 30, In thousands 1997 1996 1995 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES Net income $ 613,330 $ 490,638 $ 240,611 Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash used in operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 89,719 69,878 59,274 Deferred income taxes (101,859) (189) (11,488) Other 73,699 61,474 28,351 Decreases (increases) in operating receivables: Cash and securities deposited with clearing organizations or segregated in compliance with federal regulations 253,310 (392,551) 1,680,375 Securities purchased under agreements to resell (3,823,324) (5,576,531) 575,020 Securities borrowed (11,100,073) (4,979,119) (3,558,880) Receivables: Customers (596,148) (1,982,601) 1,272,837 Brokers, dealers and others (416,556) (232,715) 401,776 Financial instruments owned (12,215,146) (4,712,636) (7,065,580) Other assets (80,975) (67,439) (85,858) Increases (decreases) in operating payables: Securities sold under agreements to repurchase 6,077,317 3,769,175 2,721,602 Payables: Customers 8,016,371 5,668,404 (151,321) Brokers, dealers and others 968,282 675,016 330,678 Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased 6,868,215 2,675,463 2,889,860 Accrued employee compensation and benefits 137,967 207,023 (146,346) Other liabilities and accrued expenses (138,288) 773,208 (3,964) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cash used in operating activities (5,374,159) (3,553,502) (823,053) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES Net proceeds from short-term borrowings 4,549,052 1,296,842 710,466 Issuance of long-term borrowings 3,129,439 2,654,134 1,040,090 Net proceeds from issuance of subsidiary securities 199,884 Capital Accumulation Plan 196,114 181,702 87,560 Common Stock distributions 4,006 6,497 18,088 Note repayment from ESOP trust 6,099 5,647 5,229 Payments for: Retirement of Senior Notes (1,062,844) (674,000) (400,300) Treasury Stock purchases (202,296) (191,474) (70,373) Cash dividends paid (93,784) (95,001) (92,642) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cash provided by financing activities 6,725,670 3,184,347 1,298,118 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES Purchases of property, equipment and leasehold improvements (137,328) (88,935) (100,334) Purchases of investment securities and other assets (108,480) (134,321) (1,172) Proceeds from sale of investment securities and other assets 15,582 19,757 32,338 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cash used in investing activities (230,226) (203,499) (69,168) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 1,121,285 (572,654) 405,897 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year 127,847 700,501 294,604 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cash and cash equivalents, end of year $ 1,249,132 $ 127,847 $ 700,501 ===================================================================================================================
Non-cash financing activities totaled $0, $7,522 and $2,250, for the years ended June 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 52 The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Basis of Presentation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. and its subsidiaries (the "Company"). All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current year's presentation or restated for the effects of stock dividends. The consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles which require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates. The Company, through its principal subsidiaries, Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. ("Bear Stearns"), Bear, Stearns Securities Corp. ("BSSC") and Bear, Stearns International Limited ("BSIL"), is primarily engaged in a single line of business as a securities broker and dealer, which comprises several classes of services, such as principal transactions, agency transactions and underwriting and investment banking. Financial Instruments Proprietary securities and commodities transactions, commission revenues and related expenses are recorded on a trade date basis. Financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased, including contractual commitments arising pursuant to futures, forward and option contracts, interest rate swaps and other derivative contracts are recorded at fair value with the resulting net unrealized gains and losses reflected in net income. Fair value is generally based on quoted market prices. If quoted market prices are not available, or if liquidating the Company's position is reasonably expected to impact market prices, fair value is determined based on other relevant factors, including dealer price quotations, price activity for equivalent instruments and valuation pricing models. Valuation pricing models consider time value and volatility factors underlying financial instruments as well as other relevant economic measurements. Equity securities acquired as a result of leveraged acquisition transactions are reflected in the consolidated financial statements at their initial cost until such time as significant transactions or developments indicate that a change in the carrying value of the securities is appropriate. Generally the carrying values of these securities will be increased only in those instances where market values are readily ascertainable by reference to substantial transactions occurring in the marketplace. Reductions to the carrying value of these securities are made in the event that the Company's estimate of net realizable value has declined below the carrying value. Securities Transactions Customer transactions are recorded on a settlement date basis, which is generally three business days after trade date, while the related commission revenues and expenses are recorded on a trade date basis. Collateralized Securities Transactions Transactions involving purchases of securities under agreements to resell ("reverse repurchase agreements") or sales of securities under agreements to repurchase ("repurchase agreements") are treated as collateralized financing transactions and are recorded at their contracted resale or repurchase amounts plus accrued interest. It is the Company's policy to take possession of securities with a market value in excess of the principal amount loaned plus the accrued interest thereon in order to collateralize reverse repurchase agreements. Similarly, the Company is required to provide securities to counterparties in order to collateralize repurchase agreements. The Company's agreements with counterparties generally contain contractual provisions allowing for additional collateral to be obtained, or excess collateral returned, when necessary. It is the Company's policy to value collateral daily and to obtain additional collateral, or to retrieve excess collateral from counterparties, when deemed appropriate. 53 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Securities borrowed and securities loaned are recorded based upon the amount of cash collateral advanced or received. Securities borrowed transactions facilitate the settlement process and require the Company to deposit cash, letters of credit or other collateral with the lender. With respect to securities loaned, the Company receives collateral in the form of cash or other collateral. The amount of collateral required to be deposited for securities borrowed, or received for securities loaned, is an amount generally in excess of the market value of the applicable securities borrowed or loaned. The Company monitors the market value of securities borrowed and loaned on a daily basis, with additional collateral obtained, or excess collateral refunded as necessary. Fixed Assets Depreciation of property and equipment is provided by the Company on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the asset. Amortization of leasehold improvements is provided on a straight-line basis over the lesser of the estimated useful life of the asset or the remaining life of the lease. Translation of Foreign Currencies Assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at year-end rates of exchange, while income statement items are translated at average rates of exchange for the year. Gains or losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included in net income. Income Taxes The Company and certain of its subsidiaries file a consolidated federal income tax return. The Company accounts for income taxes under the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes." Under SFAS 109, deferred income taxes are provided based upon the net tax effects of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities. In addition, deferred income taxes are determined using the enacted tax rates and laws which will be in effect when the related temporary differences are expected to be reversed. Earnings Per Share Earnings per share is computed by dividing net income applicable to Common and Common Equivalent Shares by the weighted average number of Common Stock and Common Stock Equivalents outstanding during each period presented. Common Stock Equivalents include the assumed distribution of shares of Common Stock issuable under certain of the Company's deferred compensation arrangements, with appropriate adjustments made to net income for expense accruals related thereto. Additionally, shares of Common Stock issued or issuable under various employee benefit plans are included as Common Stock Equivalent Shares. Statement of Cash Flows For purposes of the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, the Company has defined cash equivalents as liquid investments not held for sale in the ordinary course of business with original maturities of three months or less. Cash payments for interest approximated interest expense for the years ended June 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995. Income taxes paid totaled $478.4 million, $279.0 million and $125.6 million for the fiscal years 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. 2 - FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS SFAS 107, "Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments," requires the Company to report the fair value of financial instruments, as defined. Approximately 99.1% of the Company's assets and 99.5% of the Company's liabilities are carried at fair value or contracted amounts which approximate fair value. Financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased are carried at fair value. Assets which are recorded at contracted amounts approximating fair value consist largely of short-term secured receivables, and include reverse repurchase agreements, securities borrowed and certain other receivables. Similarly, the Company's short-term liabilities such as bank loans, commercial paper, medium-term notes, repurchase agreements, securities loaned and certain other payables are recorded at contracted amounts approximating fair value. These instruments generally have variable interest rates and short-term maturities, in many cases overnight, and, accordingly, are not materially affected by changes in interest rates. The estimated fair value of the Company's long-term borrowings, based upon market rates of interest available to the Company at June 30, 1997 for debt obligations of similar maturity, was approximately $8.1 billion, which was less than the aggregate carrying value by approximately $7.7 million. However, the Company enters into interest rate swaps and other transactions designed to either convert its fixed rate debt into floating rates or otherwise hedge its exposure to interest rate movements. Accordingly, unrecognized gains on interest rate swaps and other transactions hedging the Company's long-term borrowings substantially offset the effect of changes in interest rates on the fair value of the Company's long-term borrowings. For discussion of the Company's financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk see Note 11. 54 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 3 - FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS Financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased consisting of the Company's proprietary trading and investment accounts, at fair value, as of June 30, were as follows:
In thousands 1997 1996 - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS OWNED: US government and agency $ 13,275,828 $ 8,258,074 Other sovereign governments 1,847,691 656,699 Corporate equity 8,351,399 5,225,171 Convertible debt 2,928,800 3,267,399 Corporate debt 4,961,737 4,739,512 Derivative financial instruments 2,780,231 1,855,617 Mortgages and other mortgage-backed securities 3,745,779 1,796,322 Other 545,815 423,340 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $ 38,437,280 $ 26,222,134 =============================================================================================================== - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS SOLD, BUT NOT YET PURCHASED: US government and agency $ 8,695,621 $ 5,502,459 Other sovereign governments 1,479,278 964,808 Corporate equity 4,976,169 4,469,425 Corporate debt 1,099,700 877,576 Derivative financial instruments 4,412,986 2,088,621 Other 121,042 13,692 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $ 20,784,796 $ 13,916,581 ===============================================================================================================
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased represent obligations of the Company to deliver the specified financial instrument at the contracted price, and thereby create a liability to repurchase the financial instrument in the market at prevailing prices. Accordingly, these transactions result in off-balance-sheet risk as the Company's ultimate obligation to satisfy the sale of financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased may exceed the amount recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. 55 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 4 - SHORT-TERM FINANCING The Company's short-term financing is generally obtained on a secured basis through the use of repurchase agreements and securities lending arrangements. Additionally, the Company obtains short-term financing on an unsecured basis through the issuance of commercial paper, medium-term notes and bank loans. Repurchase agreements are collateralized principally by US government and agency securities. Securities lending arrangements are typically secured by corporate equity and debt securities, utilizing both securities owned by the Company and customers' securities. The interest rates on such short-term borrowings reflect money market rates of interest at the time of the transactions. Borrowings made under the Company's commercial paper programs were $7.8 billion and $4.3 billion at June 30, 1997 and 1996, respectively. During the fiscal years 1997 and 1996, the weighted average interest rates on such borrowings were 5.47% and 5.66%, respectively. The weighted average rates at June 30, 1997 and 1996 were 5.59% and 5.33%, respectively. At June 30, 1997 and 1996, the Company had outstanding $5.7 billion and $4.9 billion, respectively, principal amount of Medium-Term Notes maturing from six to 18 months from the date of issue. The Medium-Term Notes generally bear interest at variable rates based upon the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR"). During the fiscal years 1997 and 1996, the weighted average interest rates on the Medium-Term Notes were 5.63% and 5.85%, respectively. The weighted average rates at June 30, 1997 and 1996 were 5.84% and 5.55%, respectively. At June 30, 1997 and 1996, the Company had outstanding $39.4 billion and $33.4 billion of repurchase agreements. During the fiscal years 1997 and 1996, the weighted average interest rates on the repurchase agreements were 5.30% and 5.41%, respectively. The weighted average rates at June 30, 1997 and 1996 were 5.44% and 5.15%, respectively. Short-term borrowings at June 30, 1997 and 1996 included $920.5 million and $651.1 million, respectively, of bank loans. During the fiscal years 1997 and 1996, the weighted average interest rates on such bank loans were 5.36% and 5.40%, respectively. The weighted average rates at June 30, 1997 and 1996 were 4.56 % and 5.33%, respectively. 5 - LONG-TERM BORROWINGS Long-term borrowings at June 30 consisted of the following:
In thousands 1997 1996 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Floating-Rate Notes due 1998 to 2030 $ 1,122,461 $ 924,129 Fixed-Rate Senior Notes due 1998 to 2005; interest rates ranging from 53\4% to 93\8% 3,068,453 2,568,696 Medium-Term Notes & Other 3,929,414 2,550,789 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total long-term borrowings $ 8,120,328 $ 6,043,614 ==========================================================================================================
The Floating-Rate Notes are unsecured and bear interest at rates primarily related to LIBOR. For those Floating-Rate Notes which are not based upon LIBOR, the Company has entered into interest rate swaps and certain other transactions in order to convert them into floating rates based upon LIBOR. During the years ended June 30, 1997 and 1996, the weighted average effective interest rates on the Floating-Rate Notes were 5.88% and 6.29%, respectively. The weighted average effective interest rates on the Floating-Rate Notes at June 30, 1997 and 1996 were 6.06% and 5.85%, respectively. 56 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS The Company has entered into interest rate swaps and certain other transactions in order to convert its Fixed-Rate Senior Notes into floating rates based upon LIBOR. The weighted average effective interest rates on the Company's Fixed-Rate Senior Notes during the fiscal years 1997 and 1996 were 6.21% and 6.45%, respectively. The weighted average effective interest rates on the Company's Senior Notes at June 30, 1997 and 1996 were 6.22% and 6.01%, respectively. The Company's Medium-Term Notes have maturities ranging from 18 months to 30 years from the date of issue and bear interest at either a fixed rate or a variable rate primarily based upon LIBOR. During the fiscal years 1997 and 1996, the weighted average interest rates on the Medium-Term Notes were 5.85% and 6.11%, respectively. The weighted average interest rates on the Company's Medium-Term Notes at June 30, 1997 and 1996 were 6.02% and 5.81%, respectively. Maturities of long-term borrowings at June 30, 1997 consisted of the following: In thousands - -------------------------------------------------------- FISCAL YEAR AMOUNT ----------- ------ 1998 $1,576,734 1999 1,532,869 2000 1,059,431 2001 1,336,409 2002 532,074 Thereafter 2,082,811 --------------------------------------------- $8,120,328 ======================================================== Instruments governing certain indebtedness of the Company contain various covenants, the most restrictive of which require the maintenance of minimum levels of stockholders' equity by the Company and Bear Stearns. At June 30, 1997, the Company and Bear Stearns were in compliance with all covenants contained in these various debt agreements. 6 - INCOME TAXES The provision (benefit) for income taxes for the fiscal years ended June 30 consisted of the following:
In thousands 1997 1996 1995 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Current: Federal $ 326,359 $ 212,686 $ 103,944 State and local 139,676 108,652 40,681 Foreign 36,184 23,139 14,334 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total current $ 502,219 $ 344,477 $ 158,959 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Deferred: Federal $ (74,346) $ 2,596 $ (8,322) State and local (27,513) (2,785) (3,166) Total deferred (101,859) (189) (11,488) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total provision for income taxes $ 400,360 $ 344,288 $ 147,471 ===============================================================================================================
57 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Significant components of the Company's deferred tax assets (liabilities) as of June 30 were as follows:
In thousands 1997 1996 1995 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Deferred tax assets: Deferred compensation $ 304,238 $ 214,484 $ 153,564 Valuation reserves 15,304 19,848 14,491 Liability reserves 93,631 57,199 23,663 Other 25,398 13,264 5,833 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total deferred tax assets $ 438,571 $ 304,795 $ 197,551 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Deferred tax liabilities: Partnerships $(106,379) $ (82,314) $ (60,893) Unrealized appreciation (117,616) (98,787) (4,864) Depreciation (15,261) (19,026) (19,266) Other (7,467) (14,679) (22,728) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total deferred tax liabilities $(246,723) $(214,806) $(107,751) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net deferred tax asset $ 191,848 $ 89,989 $ 89,800 ========================================================================================================
A reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rates and the Company's effective tax rates for the fiscal years ended June 30 were as follows:
1997 1996 1995 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Statutory rate 35.0% 35.0% 35.0% State and local income taxes, net of federal benefit 6.9 8.5 6.3 Dividend exclusion (1.8) (1.9) (3.6) Other, net (0.6) (0.4) 0.3 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Effective tax rate 39.5% 41.2% 38.0% ============================================================================================================================
Not included in the reconciliation table reflected above are approximately $3.5 million, $5.3 million and $4.7 million of income tax benefits attributable to the distribution of Common Stock under the Capital Accumulation Plan for Senior Managing Directors, as amended (the "CAP Plan"), other deferred compensation plans and the exercise of stock options, credited directly to paid-in capital, for fiscal 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. 58 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 7 - REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS Bear Stearns and BSSC, a subsidiary of Bear Stearns, are registered broker dealers and, accordingly, are subject to Rule 15c3-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Net Capital Rule") and the capital rules of the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. ("NYSE") and other principal exchanges of which Bear Stearns and BSSC are members. Bear Stearns and BSSC have consistently operated in excess of the minimum net capital requirements imposed by the capital rules. Included in the computation of net capital of Bear Stearns is net capital of BSSC in excess of 5% of aggregate debit items arising from customer transactions, as defined. At June 30, 1997, Bear Stearns' net capital, as defined, of $1.43 billion exceeded the minimum requirement by $1.40 billion. BSIL and certain other wholly owned London-based subsidiaries are subject to regulatory capital requirements of the Securities and Futures Authority, a self-regulatory organization established pursuant to the United Kingdom Financial Services Act of 1986. The regulatory rules referred to above, and certain covenants contained in various instruments governing indebtedness of the Company, Bear Stearns and other regulated subsidiaries, may restrict the Company's ability to withdraw capital from its regulated subsidiaries, which in turn could limit the Company's ability to pay dividends. At June 30, 1997, approximately $1.9 billion of net assets of consolidated subsidiaries were restricted as to the payment of cash dividends and advances to the Company. 8 - PREFERRED STOCK Preferred Stock Issued by The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. The Company issued 3.0 million shares of Adjustable Rate Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series A (the "Preferred Stock"). The Preferred Stock has a liquidation preference of $50 per share and is entitled to dividends, on a cumulative basis, at a rate equal to 135 basis points below the highest of the Treasury Bill Rate, the Ten Year Constant Maturity Rate and the Thirty Year Constant Maturity Rate, as defined; however, the dividend rate for any dividend period may not be less than 5.50% per annum, nor greater than 11.00% per annum. The Company may redeem the Preferred Stock, either in whole or in part, at a redemption price of $50 per share plus accumulated and unpaid dividends. The weighted average dividend rate on the Preferred Stock was 5.63% during the year ended June 30, 1997. During the year ended June 30, 1997, the Company repurchased 179,400 shares at a cost of approximately $8.0 million. At June 30, 1997, the Company held 2,520,750 shares of Preferred Stock in treasury. The Company has outstanding 7.5 million depositary shares representing 937,500 shares of Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series B ("Series B Preferred Stock"), having an aggregate liquidation preference of $187.5 million. Each depositary share represents a one-eighth interest in a share of Series B Preferred Stock. Dividends on the Series B Preferred Stock are payable at an annual rate of 7.88%. Series B Preferred Stock is redeemable at the option of the Company at any time on or after April 15, 1998, in whole or in part, at a redemption price of $200 per share (equivalent to $25 per depositary share), plus accrued and unpaid dividends. The Company has outstanding 4.0 million depositary shares representing 500,000 shares of Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series C ("Series C Preferred Stock"), having an aggregate liquidation preference of $100.0 million. Each depositary share represents a one-eighth interest in a share of Series C Preferred Stock. Dividends on the Series C Preferred Stock are payable at an annual rate of 7.60%. Series C Preferred Stock is redeemable at the option of the Company at any time on or after July 15, 1998, in whole or in part, at a redemption price of $200 per share (equivalent to $25 per depositary share), plus accrued and unpaid dividends. Preferred Stock Issued by Subsidiaries Bear Stearns Finance LLC ("BSF"), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, has outstanding $150.0 million Exchangeable Preferred Income Cumulative Shares ("EPICS"), Series A, which have a liquidation value of $25 per share, and an annual dividend rate of 8.00%. The EPICS are callable at the option of BSF, in whole or in part, at any time on or after February 28, 1999, at their stated liquidation value. The proceeds of the EPICS issuance were loaned by BSF to the Company under the terms of a 30-year subordinated loan agreement. This agreement allows the Company to extend the maturity of the loan through two 30-year renewal options. On any given monthly dividend date, the Company has the right, subject to certain conditions, to issue to BSF, in exchange for such note, depositary shares evidencing Preferred Stock of the Company. In the event of such exchange, BSF is required to redeem the EPICS, in their entirety, solely in exchange for such depositary shares. In January 1997, Bear Stearns Capital Trust I (the "Trust"), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, issued $200.0 million of Guaranteed Preferred Beneficial Interests in Company Subordinated Debt Securities (the "Capital Securities"). The Capital Securities are fixed/adjustable rate capital securities which have a liquidation value of $1,000 per capital security. Holders of the Capital Securities are entitled to receive semi-annual preferential cumulative cash distributions at an annual rate of 7% through January 2002. Thereafter the distributions will be at a variable rate 59 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS based on three-month LIBOR plus a margin of 1.75%. The proceeds of the issuance of the Capital Securities were used to purchase fixed/adjustable rate junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures (the "Subordinated Debentures") issued by the Company. The Subordinated Debentures are the sole assets of the Trust. The Subordinated Debentures will mature on January 15, 2007. The interest rate on the Subordinated Debentures is the same as the rate on the Capital Securities. The Company's guarantee of the Capital Securities, considered together with the other obligations of the Company with respect to Capital Securities, constitutes a full and unconditional guarantee by the Company of the Trust's obligation under the Capital Securities issued by the Trust. 9 - EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS The Company has a qualified non-contributory profit sharing plan covering substantially all employees. Contributions are made at the discretion of management in amounts that relate to the Company's level of income before provision for income taxes. The Company's expense related to the profit sharing plan for the years ended June 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995 was $12.5 million, $11.1 million, and $4.5 million, respectively. The Company maintains a non-qualified defined contribution retirement plan covering substantially all account executives. The plan provides for retirement benefits to be paid based upon a percentage of each participant's compensation and the performance of certain participant selected investment options for benefits accrued. The Company's expense for this plan for the years ended June 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995 was $9.4 million, $7.2 million and $4.5 million, respectively. The Company maintains a $40 million leveraged employee stock ownership plan (the "ESOP") covering substantially all full time employees. Pursuant to the terms of a Brokerage and Loan Agreement, the Company advanced funds to the ESOP trust to acquire shares of Common Stock in open market transactions. Advances made under the ESOP Note (the "Note") bear interest at a rate of 8.00% per annum. The Note is repayable in seven annual principal installments which commenced December 31, 1992. The Note is expected to be repaid through a combination of contributions by the Company and dividends on the shares of Common Stock held by the ESOP trust. The note receivable from the ESOP trust is reflected as a reduction in the Company's stockholders' equity. The Company's expense related to the ESOP for the years ended June 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995 was $5.9 million, $6.2 million and $6.0 million, respectively. 10 - EMPLOYEE STOCK PLANS Capital Accumulation Plan The CAP Plan allows participants to defer a defined minimum percentage of their total annual compensation. Participants' compensation generally must be deferred for a minimum of five years from the date it was otherwise payable and is credited to participants' deferred compensation accounts in the form of CAP Units. The number of CAP Units credited is a function of the amount deferred by each participant and the average per share cost of Common Stock acquired by the Company in the open market on behalf of the CAP Plan. The aggregate number of CAP Units that may be credited to participants in any fiscal year may not exceed the number of shares of Common Stock acquired by the Company. Each CAP Unit gives the participant an unsecured right to receive, on an annual basis, an amount equal to the Company's pre-tax income or loss per share, as defined by the CAP Plan, less the value of changes in the Company's book value per Common Share during such fiscal year resulting from increases or decreases in the Company's consolidated retained earnings (the "earnings adjustment"). The earnings adjustment will be credited to each participant's deferred compensation account in the form of additional CAP Units, subject to the limitations discussed above, based on the number of CAP Units in such account at the end of each fiscal year. Upon completion of the deferral period, participants are entitled to receive shares of Common Stock equal to the number of CAP Units then credited to their respective deferred compensation accounts. During the years ended June 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995, participants deferred compensation of approximately $191.8 million, $139.7 million and $71.8 million, respectively. During the years ended June 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995, the Company recognized expense of approximately $56.4 million, $36.7 million and $20.9 million, respectively, attributable to CAP Units or cash credited to participants' deferred compensation accounts with respect to earnings adjustments. As of July 1, 1997, pursuant to the terms of the CAP Plan, 7,494,518 CAP Units were credited to participants' deferred compensation accounts with respect to the deferrals and earnings made during fiscal year 1997. In addition, $50.8 million which represented the balance of the deferral was credited to the participants' deferred compensation cash accounts. The aggregate number of shares of Common Stock distributable pursuant to the Company's obligation for CAP Units at June 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995 was approximately 34.0 million, 27.2 million and 22.2 million, respectively. Compensation deferred pursuant to the CAP Plan and allocated to participants' deferred compensation accounts in the form of CAP Units is shown as a separate component of the Company's stockholders' equity. 60 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 11 - FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS WITH OFF-BALANCE-SHEET RISK The Company, in its capacity as a dealer in over-the-counter derivative financial instruments and in connection with its proprietary market-making and trading activities, enters into transactions in a variety of cash and derivative financial instruments in order to reduce its exposure to market risk, which includes interest rate, exchange rate, equity price and commodity price risk. SFAS 119, "Disclosure about Derivative Financial Instruments and Fair Value of Financial Instruments," defines a derivative as a future, forward, swap or option contract, or other financial instrument with similar characteristics such as caps, floors and collars. Generally these financial instruments represent future commitments to exchange interest payment streams or currencies or to purchase or to sell other financial instruments at specific terms at specified future dates. Option contracts provide the holder with the right, but not the obligation, to purchase or sell a financial instrument at a specific price before or on an established date. These financial instruments may have market and/or credit risk in excess of amounts recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The Company's principal transactions revenues by reporting categories, including derivatives, for the fiscal years ended June 30, were as follows:
In thousands 1997 1996 1995 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Fixed income $ 919,604 $ 677,475 $ 473,704 Equity 393,875 389,898 306,326 Foreign exchange and other derivative financial instruments 257,853 172,324 62,545 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total principal transactions $ 1,571,332 $ 1,239,697 $ 842,575 ===============================================================================================================
61 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Market Risk Derivative financial instruments involve varying degrees of off-balance-sheet market risk whereby changes in the level or volatility of interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates or market values of the underlying financial instruments or commodities may result in changes in the value of the financial instrument in excess of the amounts currently reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The Company's exposure to market risk is influenced by a number of factors, including the relationships among financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk and between financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk and the Company's proprietary securities and commodities inventories as well as the volatility and liquidity in the markets in which the financial instruments are traded. In many cases, the use of financial instruments serves to modify or offset market risk associated with other transactions and, accordingly, serves to decrease the Company's overall exposure to market risk. The Company attempts to control its exposure to market risk arising from the use of these financial instruments through the use of hedging strategies and various analytical monitoring techniques. In order to measure derivative activity, notional or contract amounts are frequently utilized. Notional/contract amounts, which are not included on the balance sheet, are used to calculate contractual cash flows to be exchanged and generally are not actually paid or received, with the exception of currency swaps and foreign exchange and mortgage-backed securities forwards. The notional/contract amounts of financial instruments that give rise to off-balance-sheet market risk are indicative only of the extent of involvement in the particular class of financial instrument and are not necessarily an indication of overall market risk. The following table represents the notional/contract amounts of the Company's outstanding derivative financial instruments as of June 30:
In billions 1997 1996 - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Interest Rate: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Swap agreements, including options, swaptions, caps, collars and floors $ 208.3 $ 175.2 Futures contracts 34.3 60.5 Options held 4.0 3.0 Options written 0.7 3.1 Foreign Exchange: Futures contracts 19.9 2.3 Forward contracts 13.6 7.9 Options held 10.0 3.2 Options written 9.4 3.3 Mortgage-Backed Securities: Forward contracts 40.5 23.0 Equity: Swap agreements 6.0 3.8 Futures contracts 0.6 0.5 Options held 2.8 1.1 Options written 2.9 1.3 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
62 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Fair Value The derivative instruments used in the Company's trading and dealer activities, as described further in Note 1, are recorded at fair value on a daily basis with the resulting unrealized gains or losses recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition and the related income or loss reflected in revenues derived from principal transactions. The fair values of derivative financial instruments held or issued for trading purposes as of June 30 were as follows:
1997 1996 ---------------------------------- ------------------------------- In millions Assets Liabilities Assets Liabilities - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Swap agreements $ 730 $ 1,250 $ 678 $ 846 Futures and forward contracts 172 248 280 307 Options held 1,880 897 Options written 2,927 968
The average monthly fair values of the derivative financial instruments for the fiscal years ended June 30 were as follows:
1997 1996 ------------------------------- -------------------------------- In millions Assets Liabilities Assets Liabilities - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Swap agreements $ 734 $ 1,029 $ 611 $ 698 Futures and forward contracts 245 218 286 275 Options held 1,120 704 Options written 1,657 795
The majority of the Company's transactions with off-balance-sheet risk are short-term in duration with a weighted average maturity of approximately 2.99 years and 2.22 years at June 30, 1997 and 1996, respectively. The maturities for notional/contract amounts outstanding for derivative financial instruments as of June 30, 1997 were as follows:
Less than 1 to 3 3 to 5 Greater than In billions 1 Year Years Years 5 Years Total - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Swap agreements $ 43.3 $ 65.4 $ 53.4 $ 52.2 $ 214.3 Futures contracts 42.7 10.3 1.7 0.1 54.8 Forward contracts 54.1 54.1 Options held 14.6 0.2 1.7 0.3 16.8 Options written 10.9 0.1 1.7 0.3 13.0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total $ 165.6 $ 76.0 $ 58.5 $ 52.9 $ 353.0 Percent of total 46.9% 21.5% 16.6% 15.0% 100% ===================================================================================================================
63 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Credit Risk The notional/contract amounts of these instruments do not represent the Company's potential risk of loss due to counterparty nonperformance. Credit risk arises from the potential inability of counterparties to perform in accordance with the terms of the contract. The Company's exposure to credit risk associated with counterparty nonperformance is limited to the net replacement cost of over-the-counter contracts in a gain position which are recognized in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Exchange traded financial instruments, such as futures and options, generally do not give rise to significant counterparty exposure due to the margin requirements of the individual exchanges. Options written generally do not give rise to counterparty credit risk since they obligate the Company (not its counterparty) to perform. The Company has controls in place to monitor credit exposures by limiting transactions with specific counterparties and assessing the future creditworthiness of counterparties. The Company also seeks to control credit risk by following an established credit approval process, monitoring credit limits, and requiring collateral where appropriate. The following table summarizes the credit quality of the Company's trading-related derivatives by showing counterparty credit ratings for the replacement cost of contracts in a gain position, net of $462.1 million and $414.8 million of collateral, respectively, at June 30, 1997 and 1996: In millions 1997 1996 - --------------------------------------------------------------------- RATING(1) NET REPLACEMENT COST AAA $ 92.4 $ 48.0 AA 201.7 86.1 A 152.9 93.2 BBB 40.6 25.6 BB and Lower 16.5 2.6 Non-rated 36.7 21.3 - --------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Rating Agency Equivalent Customer Activities The Company's clearance activities for both clearing clients and customers involve the execution, settlement and financing of customers' securities and commodities transactions. Customers' securities activities are transacted on either a cash or margin basis, while customers' commodities transactions are generally transacted on a margin basis subject to individual exchange regulations. In connection with these activities, the Company executes and clears customers' transactions involving the sale of borrowed securities ("short sales") and the writing of option contracts. These transactions may expose the Company to off-balance-sheet risk in the event that customers are unable to fulfill their contractual obligations and customers' margin deposits are insufficient to fully cover their losses. In the event the customers fail to satisfy their obligations, the Company may be required to purchase or sell financial instruments at prevailing market prices in order to fulfill the customers' obligations. The Company seeks to control the risks associated with its customers' activities by requiring customers to maintain margin collateral in compliance with various regulatory and internal guidelines. The Company monitors required margin levels daily and, pursuant to such guidelines, may require customers to deposit additional cash or collateral, or to reduce positions, when deemed necessary. The Company also establishes credit limits for customers engaged in commodity activities that are monitored daily. Additionally, with respect to the Company's correspondent clearing activities, introducing correspondent firms are required to guarantee the contractual obligations of their customers. The Company's customer-financing and securities-settlement activities may require the Company to pledge customers' securities as collateral to satisfy exchange margin deposit requirements or to support various secured-financing sources such as bank loans, securities loaned and repurchase agreements. In the event the counterparties are unable to meet their contractual obligations to return customer securities pledged as collateral, the Company may be exposed to the risk of acquiring the securities at prevailing market prices in order to satisfy its customers' obligations. The Company seeks to control this risk by monitoring the market value of securities pledged on a daily basis and by requiring adjustments of collateral levels in the event of excess market exposure. Moreover, the Company establishes credit limits for such activities and monitors credit compliance daily. 64 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Concentrations of Credit Risk The Company is engaged in various securities underwriting, brokerage and trading activities. These services are provided to a diverse group of domestic and foreign corporations, governments and individual and institutional investors. A substantial portion of the Company's transactions are collateralized and are executed with, or made on behalf of, institutional investors, including other brokers and dealers, commercial banks, insurance companies, pension plans and mutual funds and other financial institutions. The Company's exposure to credit risk, associated with the nonperformance of customers in fulfilling their contractual obligations, pursuant to securities and commodities transactions, can be directly impacted by volatile or illiquid trading markets which may impair customers' ability to satisfy their obligations to the Company. The Company attempts to minimize credit risk associated with these activities by monitoring customers' credit exposure and collateral values on a daily basis and by requiring additional collateral to be deposited with or returned to the Company. A significant portion of the Company's securities processing activities includes clearing transactions for hedge funds, specialists, market-makers, risk arbitrageurs and other professional traders. Due to the nature of their operations, which may include a significant level of margin activity, short selling and option writing, the Company may have significant credit exposure should these customers be unable to meet their commitments. The Company seeks to control this risk by monitoring margin collateral levels on a daily basis for compliance with both regulatory and internal guidelines. Additional collateral is requested when necessary. To further control this risk, the Company has developed computerized risk control systems which analyze customers' sensitivity to major market movements. When deemed necessary, the Company will require the customers to deposit additional margin collateral, or reduce positions, if it is determined that the customers' activities may be subject to above-normal market risks. Non-Trading Derivatives Activity In order to modify the interest rate characteristics of its long- and short-term debt, the Company also engages in non-trading derivatives activities. The Company has issued dollar and foreign currency-denominated debt with both variable and fixed-rate interest payment obligations. The Company has entered into interest rate swaps primarily based on LIBOR, in order to convert fixed-rate interest payments on its debt obligations into variable-rate payments. Interest payment obligations on variable-rate debt obligations may also be modified through interest rate swaps which may change the underlying basis or reset frequency. In addition, for foreign currency debt obligations which are not used to fund assets in the same currency, the Company has entered into currency swap agreements which effectively convert the debt into dollar obligations. These financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk are subject to the same market and credit risks as those which are traded in connection with the Company's market-making and trading activities. The Company has the same controls in place to monitor these risks. At June 30, 1997 and 1996, the Company had outstanding interest rate and currency swap agreements with a notional principal amount of $7.9 billion and $6.0 billion, respectively. The interest rate swap agreements entered into reduced net interest expense on the Company's long-term and short-term debt obligations by $29.4 million, $15.9 million and $21.1 million for the fiscal years ended June 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. The difference to be received or paid on the swap agreements is included in interest expense as incurred, and any related receivable or payable is reflected accordingly as an asset or liability. 12 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Leases The Company occupies office space under leases which expire at various dates through 2016. The lease commitments include the lease of the Company's headquarters at 245 Park Avenue, New York City which expires on December 31, 2002. In addition, in September 1997, the Company entered into a 99-year ground lease at 383 Madison Avenue, New York City, pursuant to which an office tower will be developed and built. The site will serve as the new worldwide headquarters and will be completed by the expiration of the current lease at 245 Park Avenue. At June 30, 1997, future minimum aggregate annual rentals payable under these noncancelable leases (net of subleases), including 383 Madison Avenue, were as follows: In thousands ----------------------------------------------------- FISCAL YEAR ----------- 1998 65,069 1999 62,519 2000 143,823 2001 54,477 2002 52,162 Aggregate amount thereafter 238,615 ----------------------------------------------------- 65 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS The various leases contain provisions for periodic escalations to the extent of increased operating and other costs. Rental expense, including escalations, under these leases was $79.5 million, $77.0 million, and $73.8 million, for the years ended June 30, 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively. Letters of Credit At June 30, 1997, the Company was contingently liable for unsecured letters of credit of $2.5 billion and letters of credit of $78.0 million secured by financial instruments which are principally used as deposits for securities borrowed and for satisfying margin deposits at option and commodity exchanges. Borrow Versus Pledge At June 30, 1997, US government and agency securities with a market value of approximately $5.7 billion had been pledged against borrowed securities with an approximate market value of $5.6 billion. Litigation In the normal course of business, the Company has been named as a defendant in several lawsuits which involve claims for substantial amounts. Although the ultimate outcome of these suits cannot be ascertained at this time, it is the opinion of management, after consultation with counsel, that the resolution of such lawsuits will not have a material adverse effect on the results of operations or the financial condition of the Company. 13 - SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC AREA DATA The Company is primarily engaged in a single line of business as a securities broker and dealer, which comprises several classes of services, such as principal transactions, agency transactions, and underwriting and investment banking. These activities constitute a single industry segment for purposes of SFAS 14. Information regarding the Company's operations for the fiscal years ended June 30 is as follows:
In thousands 1997 1996 1995 - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign revenues $ 535,275 $ 460,055 $ 252,825 Domestic revenues 5,542,003 4,503,808 3,500,747 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Consolidated revenues $ 6,077,278 $ 4,963,863 $ 3,753,572 ================================================================================================================== Foreign income before provision for income taxes $ 28,790 $ 53,470 $ 3,147 Domestic income before provision for income taxes 984,900 781,456 384,935 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Consolidated income before provision for income taxes $ 1,013,690 $ 834,926 $ 388,082 ================================================================================================================== Foreign assets $ 22,148,655 $ 17,219,879 $ 10,428,506 Domestic assets 99,284,880 74,865,278 64,168,654 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Consolidated assets $ 121,433,535 $ 92,085,157 $ 74,597,160 ==================================================================================================================
Because of the international nature of the financial markets and the resultant integration of US and non-US services, it is difficult to precisely separate foreign operations. The Company conducts and manages these activities with a view toward the profitability of the Company as a whole. Accordingly, the foreign operations information is, of necessity, based upon management judgments and internal allocations. 66 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 14 - QUARTERLY INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)
First Second Third Fourth In thousands, except per share data Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Total - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1997 Revenues $ 1,236,153 $ 1,556,530 $ 1,511,301 $ 1,773,294 $ 6,077,278 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Interest expense 547,469 616,396 576,836 810,663 2,551,364 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Revenues, net of interest expense 688,684 940,134 934,465 962,631 3,525,914 Non-interest expenses Employee compensation and benefits 344,372 456,825 464,596 461,138 1,726,931 Other 165,795 192,754 194,094 232,650 785,293 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total non-interest expenses 510,167 649,579 658,690 693,788 2,512,224 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Income before provision for income taxes 178,517 290,555 275,775 268,843 1,013,690 Provision for income taxes 70,068 114,043 110,294 105,955 400,360 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Net income $ 108,449 $ 176,512 $ 165,481 $ 162,888 $ 613,330 ================================================================================================================== Earnings per share $ 0.70 $ 1.21 $ 1.14 $ 1.15 $ 4.20 ================================================================================================================== Cash dividends declared per common share $ 0.15 $ 0.15 $ 0.15 $ 0.15 $ 0.60 ================================================================================================================== First Second Third Fourth In thousands, except per share data Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Total - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1996 Revenues $ 1,074,434 $ 1,190,063 $ 1,295,996 $ 1,403,370 $ 4,963,863 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Interest expense 456,945 502,403 503,754 518,069 1,981,171 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Revenues, net of interest expense 617,489 687,660 792,242 885,301 2,982,692 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Non-interest expenses Employee compensation and benefits 306,997 345,427 392,442 424,582 1,469,448 Other 154,082 161,352 177,985 184,899 678,318 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total non-interest expenses 461,079 506,779 570,427 609,481 2,147,766 Income before provision for income taxes 156,410 180,881 221,815 275,820 834,926 Provision for income taxes 62,564 75,725 92,944 113,055 344,288 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Net income $ 93,846 $ 105,156 $ 128,871 $ 162,765 $ 490,638 ================================================================================================================== Earnings per share $ 0.60 $ 0.69 $ 0.86 $ 1.12 $ 3.27 ================================================================================================================== Cash dividends declared per common share $ 0.15 $ 0.15 $ 0.15 $ 0.15 $ 0.60 ==================================================================================================================
67 Independent Auditors' Report Deloitte & Touche LLP TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND STOCKHOLDERS OF THE BEAR STEARNS COMPANIES INC. We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition of The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. and Subsidiaries as of June 30, 1997 and 1996, and the related consolidated statements of income, cash flows and changes in stockholders' equity for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 1997. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. and Subsidiaries at June 30, 1997 and 1996, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 1997 in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. /s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP New York, New York SEPTEMBER 2, 1997 68 The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. CORPORATE INFORMATION PRICE RANGE OF COMMON STOCK AND DIVIDENDS The Common Stock of the Company is traded on the NYSE under the symbol BSC. The following table sets forth for the periods indicated the high and low sales prices for the Common Stock, as adjusted to reflect the 5% stock dividend distributed on the Common Stock on February 28, 1997, and the cash dividends declared on the Common Stock. As of September 3, 1997, there were 3,085 holders of record of the Company's Common Stock. On September 3, 1997, the last reported sales price of the Company's Common Stock was $42 1\8. Dividends are payable on January 15, April 15, July 15, and October 15 in each year on the Company's outstanding Adjustable Rate Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series A; Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series B; and Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series C (collectively, the "Preferred Stock"). The terms of the Preferred Stock require that all accrued dividends in arrears be paid prior to the payment of any dividend on the Common Stock. Since the Company is a holding company, its ability to pay dividends is limited by the ability of its subsidiaries to pay dividends and to make advances to the Company. See the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements under the caption "Regulatory Requirements" for a further description.
Cash Dividends Declared Per High Low Common Share ==================================================================================================================== FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1997 First Quarter (through September 27, 1996) $ 23 1\4 $ 19 3\4 $ 0.15 Second Quarter (through December 31, 1996) 26 7\8 22 0.15 Third Quarter (through March 27, 1997) 32 3\8 25 5\8 0.15 Fourth Quarter (through June 30, 1997) 35 5\8 26 1\4 0.15 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cash Dividends Declared Per High Low Common Share ==================================================================================================================== FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1996 First Quarter (through September 29, 1995) $ 20 7\8 $ 17 3\4 $ 0.15 Second Quarter (through December 31, 1995) 19 7\8 17 1\2 0.15 Third Quarter (through March 29, 1996) 23 17 1\4 0.15 Fourth Quarter (through June 30, 1996) 23 3\8 20 3\4 0.15 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
71
EX-21 8 EXHIBIT 21 EXHIBIT 21 Subsidiaries of The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. ----------------------------------------------- Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization --------------- Bear Stearns Acquisition Corp. Delaware Bear Stearns Acquisition II, Inc. Delaware Bear Stearns Acquisition Corporation IV Delaware Bear Stearns Acquisition V, Inc. Delaware Bear Stearns Acquisition Corporation VII Delaware Bear Stearns Acquisition XII, Inc. Delaware Bear Stearns Acquisition XIV, Inc. Delaware Bear Stearns Acquisition XV Corp. Delaware ALIMAX Corp. New York AMC Real Estate Inc. Texas Bear Stearns Argentina Inc. Delaware Bear Stearns Asia Limited Hong Kong Bear Stearns Asset Backed Investors Corp. Delaware Bear Stearns Asset Backed Securities, Inc. Delaware AURA Partners, L.P. Delaware Bear Stearns Bank plc Ireland Battery Park Capital Corp. New York BBT 1995-I Corp. Delaware Bear Hunter L.L.C. New York Bear Specialist, Inc. New York Bear TEL Corp. Delaware Bear, Stearns Benefits Planning Group Inc. Delaware Bear Stearns Benefits Planning Group New York Bear Stearns Bridge Management I Inc. Delaware BS Agency GP Capital Inc. Delaware BS Fund America 1993-C GP Capital Inc. Delaware BS Fund America 1993-D GP Capital Inc. Delaware BSC Hotel Capital Corporation New York BSC Securities Corp. New York BSC Service Corp. Delaware BSC Thanksgiving Partners, Ltd. Texas BSCGP Inc. Delaware BSCP Cayman, Inc. Cayman Islands BSMSI 1993-12 Reserve Fund Corp. Delaware Bear Stearns Capital Markets Inc. Delaware Bear Stearns China Direct Investment Cayman Islands Fund, L.P. Bear Stearns China, L.P. Cayman Island Bear Stearns China SPC, Inc. Delaware CLBS Titrisation S.A. France Bear Stearns S.A. France Safety Acquisition Corp. Delaware Bear Stearns Secured Investors Inc. Delaware Bear Stearns Secured Investors Inc. II Delaware Bear Stearns Securities Administration Corporation Delaware Bear, Stearns Securities Corp. New York Short Term Asset Corp. Delaware Bear Stearns Singapore Asset Holdings Pte Ltd Singapore Bear Stearns Singapore Pte. Limited Singapore Bear Stearns Spanish Securitization Corp. Delaware Bear Stearns State Asia, Inc. Philippines Status Securities Inc. New York Street Pricing Service New York Bear Stearns Structured Products Corp. Delaware Bear Stearns Structured Securities Inc. Delaware Thanksgiving Properties, Inc. Delaware Thanksgiving Tower Partners Texas The Bear Stearns Charitable Foundation, Inc. New York The BSC Employee Fund, L.P. Delaware Bear Stearns Trading Risk Management Inc. Delaware 2 Bear Stearns U.K. United Kingdom Ursa Oil Corporation Delaware U.S. Leather Holdings, Inc. Delaware VHC Acquisition Corp. Delaware White River Securities Corp. New York Yorktown Creole Corp. Texas Yorktown Realty Corp. Texas Bear, Stearns Insurance Agency Incorporated Massachusetts Bear Stearns Insurance Agency of California, California Incorporated Bear, Stearns International Holdings Inc. New York Bear, Stearns International Limited United Kingdom Bear Stearns International Trading Limited United Kingdom Bear Stearns Investment Advisors Inc. Delaware Bear Stearns Investment Partnership 1987-II New York Bear Stearns Investments Products Inc. New York Bear Stearns Irish Holdings Inc. Delaware ISB Real Estate Corporation Delaware Bear Stearns (Israel), Inc. Delaware Bear Stearns (Japan), Ltd. Delaware LIBOR Asset Securities, Inc. Delaware Managed Income Securities Fund, Inc. Delaware MAX Flow Corp. Delaware MAX Recovery Inc. Delaware Monterey Fund, Inc. New York Bear Stearns Mortgage Capital Corporation Delaware Bear Stearns Mortgage Securities Inc. Delaware Motor City Four L.L.C. Delaware Bear Stearns Municipal Capital Markets Inc. Delaware Bear, Stearns Netherlands Holding B.V. Netherlands & Delaware 3 New Castle Holdings, Inc. Delaware New Castle Partners LLC Cayman Islands Bear Stearns N.Y., Inc. New York Bear Stearns Oil Trading Limited United Kingdom Bear Stearns Overseas Ltd. Cayman Islands Bear Stearns Park Avenue Trading Corporation Delaware Bear Stearns Philippines Ltd. Delaware Priton Holding, Inc. Delaware Priton Capital, L.P. Delaware Quatro Finale LLC Delaware Bear Stearns Real Estate Group Inc. New York Bear, Stearns Realty Investors, Inc. Delaware Bear Stearns Realty Partners Apartment Fund I, Delaware L.P. Bear Stearns Realty Partners Corporation Delaware Research Conversion Corp. Delaware RSD Hanover Company Inc. Delaware Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. Delaware Bear, Stearns & Co., L.P. New York Bear Stearns Commercial Mortgage, Inc. New York Bear, Stearns Commercial Mortgage Securities Inc. Delaware Bear Stearns Computer Network Inc. Delaware CTC Services, Inc. New York Custodial Trust Company New Jersey Custrust New Jersey Danbury River Properties, Inc. Connecticut Bear Stearns do Brasil Ltda. Brazil EMC Funding Corporation Delaware EMC Funding Corporation Two Delaware EMC GP Capital Inc. Delaware EMC Mortgage Corporation Delaware 4 EMC Residential Mortgage Corporation Delaware Experimental Data Corporation New York Bear Stearns Far East Limited Hong Kong FAST 1996-2 GP, Inc. Delaware FAST 1996-2 L.P. Delaware Final Four LLC Delaware Bear Stearns Finance LLC Cayman Islands Bear Stearns Financial Products Inc. Delaware Bear Stearns Finance S.A. France Bear Stearns Financial Technologies Ltd. Delaware Bear Stearns FLLC Corp. Delaware Bear Stearns Forex Inc. Delaware Fund America Structured Transactions, Inc. Delaware Fund America Structured Transactions, L.P. Delaware Bear, Stearns Funding, Inc. Delaware Bear Stearns Funds Management Inc. New York Bear Stearns Global Asset Holdings, Ltd. Cayman Islands Bear Stearns Global Asset Trading, Ltd. Cayman Islands Bear Stearns Global Equity Derivatives Inc. Delaware Bear Stearns Global Investors Inc. New York Bear Stearns Global Securitisation Limited United Kingdom Bear Stearns GmbH Germany Bear Stearns Government Products Corp. Delaware Gregory Properties Inc. Delaware Bear Stearns Holdings Limited United Kingdom Bear Stearns Hong Kong Limited Hong Kong 5 EX-23 9 EXHIBIT 23 EXHIBIT 23 DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' CONSENT - ----------------------------- We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statements of The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. on Form S-3, File Nos. 33-59140, 33-56009, 333-17985, and 333-31277 and Form S-8, File Nos. 33-50012, 33-55804, 33-49979, 33-56103 and 333-16041 of our reports dated September 2, 1997, appearing in and incorporated by reference in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. for the year ended June 30, 1997. /s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP September 29, 1997 New York, New York EX-27 10 FINANCIAL DATA SCHEDULE WARNING: THE EDGAR SYSTEM ENCOUNTERED ERROR(S) WHILE PROCESSING THIS SCHEDULE.
BD This Schedule contains summary financial information extracted from the financial statements contained in the body of the accompanying Form 8-K and is qualified in its entirety by reference to such financial statements. 1,000 0 YEAR JUN-30-1997 JUN-30-1997 1,249,132 10,206,360 28,340,599 40,711,280 38,437,280 379,533 121,433,535 14,416,671 33,182,407 39,431,216 0 20,784,796 8,120,328 0 437,500 167,785 2,671,086 121,433,535 1,571,332 3,058,452 732,343 663,249 0 2,551,364 1,726,931 1,013,690 1,013,690 0 0 613,330 4.20 4.20
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