EX-3.2 6 ea181204ex3-2_royaland.htm BYE-LAWS OF THE ROYALAND COMPANY LTD

Exhibit 3.2

Bye-laws of

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

Clarendon House, 2 Church Street

Hamilton HM 11, Bermuda

conyers.com

TABLE OF CONTENTS

interpretation		1
1.	Definitions	1
SHARES		3
2.	Power to Issue Shares	3
3.	Power of the Company to Purchase its Shares	4
4.	Rights Attaching to Shares	4
5.	Calls on Shares	7
6.	Forfeiture of Shares	7
7.	Share Certificates	8
8.	Fractional Shares	8
REGISTRATION OF SHARES		8
9.	Register of Members	8
10.	Registered Holder Absolute Owner	8
11.	Transfer of Registered Shares	9
12.	Transmission of Registered Shares	10
ALTERATION OF SHARE CAPITAL		11
13.	Power to Alter Capital	11
14.	Variation of Rights Attaching to Shares	11
DIVIDENDS AND CAPITALISATION		11
15.	Dividends	11
16.	Power to Set Aside Profits	12
17.	Method of Payment	12
18.	Capitalisation	12
MEETINGS OF MEMBERS		13
19.	Annual General Meetings	13
20.	Special General Meetings	13
21.	Requisitioned General Meetings	13

22.	Notice	13
23.	Giving Notice and Access	14
24.	Postponement or cancellation of General Meeting	14
25.	Electronic Participation and security in Meetings	15
26.	Quorum at General Meetings	15
27.	Chairman to Preside at General Meetings	15
28.	Voting on Resolutions	15
29.	Power to Demand a Vote on a Poll	16
30.	Voting by Joint Holders of Shares	17
31.	Instrument of Proxy	17
32.	Representation of Corporate Member	18
33.	Adjournment of General Meeting	18
34.	Written Resolutions	19
35.	Directors Attendance at General Meetings	19
DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS		19
36.	Election of Directors	19
37.	Number of Directors	20
38.	Term of Office of Directors	20
39.	Alternate Directors	20
40.	Removal of Directors	21
41.	Vacancy in the Office of Director	21
42.	Remuneration of Directors	22
43.	Defect in Appointment	22
44.	Directors to Manage Business	22
45.	Powers of the Board of Directors	22
46.	Register of Directors and Officers	23
47.	Appointment of Officers	23
48.	Appointment of Secretary	23
49.	Duties of Officers	23
50.	Remuneration of Officers	23
51.	Conflicts of Interest	23
52.	Indemnification and Exculpation of Directors and Officers	24

MEETINGS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS		25
53.	Board Meetings	25
54.	Notice of Board Meetings	25
55.	Electronic Participation in Meetings	25
56.	Representation of Corporate Director	25
57.	Quorum at Board Meetings	25
58.	Board to Continue in the Event of Vacancy	26
59.	Chairman to Preside	26
60.	Written Resolutions	26
61.	Validity of Prior Acts of the Board	26
CORPORATE RECORDS		26
62.	Minutes	26
63.	Place Where Corporate Records Kept	27
64.	Form and Use of Seal	27
ACCOUNTS		27
65.	Records of Account	27
66.	Financial Year End	27
AUDITS		28
67.	Annual Audit	28
68.	Appointment of Auditor	28
69.	Remuneration of Auditor	28
70.	Duties of Auditor	28
71.	Access to Records	28
72.	Financial Statements and the Auditor’s Report	28
73.	Vacancy in the Office of Auditor	29
VOLUNTARY WINDING-UP AND DISSOLUTION		29
74.	Winding-Up	29
CHANGES TO CONSTITUTION		29
75.	Changes to Bye-laws	29
76.	Discontinuance	29

iii

The Royaland Company Ltd.

interpretation

Definitions

1.1.

In these Bye-laws, the following words and expressions shall, where not inconsistent with the context, have the following meanings, respectively:

“Act”	the Companies Act 1981;

“Alternate Director”	an alternate director appointed in accordance with these Bye-laws;

“Auditor”	includes an individual, company or partnership;

“Board”	the board of directors (including, for the avoidance of doubt, a sole director) appointed or elected pursuant to these Bye-laws and acting by resolution in accordance with the Act and these Bye-laws or the directors present at a meeting of directors at which there is a quorum;

“Class A Common Shares”	has the meaning ascribed to it in Bye-law 4.1;

“Class B Common Shares	has the meaning ascribed to it in Bye-law 4.1;

“Common Shares”	has the meaning ascribed to it in Bye-law 4.1;

“Company”	The RoyaLand Company Ltd., the company for which these Bye-laws are approved and confirmed;

“Conversion Notice”	has the meaning ascribed to it in Bye-law 4.3.3.1;

“Designated Stock Exchange”	the stock exchange in the United States of America on which any shares are listed for trading;

“Director”	a director of the Company and shall include an Alternate Director;

“Immediate Family”	as to any natural person, such person’s spouse or Spousal Equivalent, the lineal descendant or antecedent, brother, sister, nephew or niece, of such person or such person’s spouse or Spousal Equivalent, or the spouse or Spousal Equivalent of any lineal descendant or antecedent, brother, sister, nephew or niece of such person, or his or her spouse or Spousal Equivalent, whether or not any of the above are adopted;

“Member”	the person registered in the Register of Members as the holder of shares in the Company and, when two or more persons are so registered as joint holders of shares, means the person whose name stands first in the Register of Members as one of such joint holders or all of such persons, as the context so requires;

“Notice”	written notice as further provided in these Bye-laws unless otherwise specifically stated;

“Officer”	any person appointed by the Board to hold an office in the Company;

“Preference Shares”	has the meaning ascribed to it in Bye-law 4.1;

“Register of Directors and Officers”	the register of directors and officers referred to in these Bye-laws;

“Register of Members”	the register of members referred to in these Bye-laws;

“Resident Representative”	any person appointed to act as resident representative and includes any deputy or assistant resident representative;

“Secretary”	the person appointed to perform any or all of the duties of secretary of the Company and includes any deputy or assistant secretary and any person appointed by the Board to perform any of the duties of the Secretary;

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

“Spousal Equivalent”	any two natural persons if the relevant person and the related party are registered as “domestic partners” or the equivalent thereof under the laws of their state of residence or any other law having similar effect or provided the following circumstances are true: (a) irrespective of whether or not the relevant person and the Spousal Equivalent are the same sex, they are the sole spousal equivalent of the other for the last twelve (12) months, (b) they intend to remain so indefinitely, (c) neither are married to anyone else, (d) both are at least eighteen (18) years of age and mentally competent to consent to contract, (e) they are not related by blood to a degree of closeness that which would prohibit legal marriage in the state in which they legally reside, (f) they are jointly responsible for each other’s common welfare and financial obligations, and (g) they reside together in the same residence for the last twelve (12) months and intend to do so indefinitely;

“Transfer”	any (a) sale, assignment, transfer, conveyance, hypothecation or other transfer or disposition of any Class A Common Share or any legal or beneficial interest in such share, whether or not for value and whether voluntary or involuntary or by operation of law; (b) transfer of any Class A Common Share to a broker or other nominee (regardless of whether or not there is a corresponding change in beneficial ownership), or (c) transfer of, or entering into a binding agreement with respect to, Voting Control over any Class A Common Share by proxy or otherwise; provided however, that the following shall not be considered a Transfer:

	(i)	the transfer of any Class A Common Share to another registered holder of Class A Common Shares;

	(ii)	the granting of a proxy to officers or Directors of the Company at the request or approval of the Board in connection with actions to be taken at an annual or special general meeting of shareholders or by written consent of shareholders;

	(iii)	the transfer of one or more Class A Common Shares by gift or pursuant to a domestic relations order from a holder of Class A Common Shares to such holder’s Immediate Family or to a trust or trusts for the exclusive benefit of such holder or his Immediate Family for no consideration;

	(iv)	the transfer of one or more Class A Common Shares effected pursuant to the holder’s will or the laws of intestate succession;

	(v)	as to any holder that is a trust established for the exclusive benefit of a prior holder of such Class A Common Shares or such prior holder’s Immediate Family, the transfer of one or more Class A Common Shares to the prior holder or such prior holder’s Immediate Family for no consideration;

	(vi)	the granting of a repurchase right to the Company pursuant to an agreement wherein the Company has the right or option to purchase or to repurchase Class A Common Shares; provided however that the Company’s purchase or repurchase of such Class A Common Shares pursuant to the exercise of such right or option shall constitute a Transfer; or

	(vii)	upon the request of the transferor, any transfer approved by a majority of the disinterested members of the Board, even though the disinterested Directors be less than a quorum, or if there are not any disinterested members on the Board, the entire Board;

“Treasury Share”	a share of the Company that was or is treated as having been acquired and held by the Company and has been held continuously by the Company since it was so acquired and has not been cancelled; and

“Voting Control”	with respect to a Class A Common Share shall mean the power (whether exclusive or shared) to vote or direct the voting of such Class A Common Share by proxy, voting agreement or otherwise.

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

1.2.

In these Bye-laws, where not inconsistent with the context:

(a)

words denoting the plural number include the singular number and vice versa;

(b)

words denoting the masculine gender include the feminine and neuter genders;

(c)

words importing persons include companies, associations or bodies of persons whether corporate or not;

(d)

the words:-

(i)

“may” shall be construed as permissive; and

(ii)

“shall” shall be construed as imperative;

(e)

a reference to a statutory provision shall be deemed to include any amendment or re-enactment thereof;

(f)

the phrase “issued and outstanding” in relation to shares, means shares in issue other than Treasury Shares;

(g)

the word “corporation” means a corporation whether or not a company within the meaning of the Act; and

(h)

unless otherwise provided herein, words or expressions defined in the Act shall bear the same meaning in these Bye-laws.

1.3.

In these Bye-laws expressions referring to writing or its cognates shall, unless the contrary intention appears, include facsimile, printing, lithography, photography, electronic mail and other modes of representing words in visible form.

1.4.

Headings used in these Bye-laws are for convenience only and are not to be used or relied upon in the construction hereof.

Power to Issue Shares

2.1.

Subject to these Bye-laws and to any resolution of the Members to the contrary, and without prejudice to any special rights previously conferred on the holders of any existing shares or class of shares, the Board shall have the power to issue any unissued shares on such terms and conditions as it may determine and any shares or class of shares may be issued with such preferred, deferred or other special rights or such restrictions, whether in regard to dividend, voting, return of capital, or otherwise as the Company may by resolution of the Members prescribe.

2.2.

Subject to the Act, any preference shares may be issued or converted into shares that (at a determinable date or at the option of the Company or the holder) are liable to be redeemed on such terms and in such manner as may be determined by the Board (before the issue or conversion).

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

Power of the Company to Purchase its Shares

3.1.

The Company may purchase its own shares for cancellation or acquire them as Treasury Shares in accordance with the Act on such terms as the Board shall think fit.

3.2.

The Board may exercise all the powers of the Company to purchase or acquire all or any part of its own shares in accordance with the Act.

Rights Attaching to Shares

4.1.

At the date these Bye-laws are adopted, the share capital of the Company is divided into three classes: (i) 20,000,000 class A common shares of par value US$0.0002 each (the “Class A Common Shares”), (ii) 430,000,000 class B common shares of par value US$0.0002 each (the “Class B Common Shares” and together with the Class A Common Shares, the “Common Shares”) and (iii) 50,000,000 preference shares of par value US$0.0002 each (the “Preference Shares”).

4.2.

The holders of Class A Common Shares shall, subject to these Bye-laws (including, without limitation, the rights attaching to Class B Common Shares and Preference Shares):

(a)

be entitled to twenty (20) votes per share;

(b)

be entitled to such dividends as the Board may from time to time declare;

(c)

in the event of a winding-up or dissolution of the Company, whether voluntary or involuntary or for the purpose of a reorganisation or otherwise or upon any distribution of capital, be entitled to the surplus assets of the Company;

(d)

be entitled to the conversion rights set out in these Bye-laws; and

(e)

generally be entitled to enjoy all of the rights attaching to shares.

4.3.

The holders of the Class A Common Shares shall have conversion rights as follows:

4.3.1

Right to Convert. Each Class A Common Share shall be convertible, at the option of the holder thereof, at any time after the date of issuance of such share, and without the payment of additional consideration by the holder thereof, into one (1) fully paid and non-assessable Class B Common Share.

4.3.2

Automatic Conversion. Each Class A Common Share shall automatically, without any further action, convert into one (1) fully paid and non-assessable Class B Common Share upon a Transfer of such Class A Common Share.

4.3.3.

Mechanics of Conversion

4.3.3.1

Giving of Notice / Surrender of Certificates. Before any holder of Class A Common Shares shall be entitled to convert Class A Common Shares into Class B Common Shares, the holder shall (a) give written notice to the Company at its principal office, of the election to convert the same (a “Conversion Notice”) and shall state therein the name or names in which the certificate or certificates for shares of Class B Common Shares are to be issued and (b) provide with such Conversion Notice either (i) the certificate or certificates in respect of the Class A Common Shares set out therein, together with an instrument of transfer in respect thereof in favour of the Company or (ii) a notification to the Company that such certificates have been lost, stolen or destroyed and execute an agreement satisfactory to the Company to indemnify the Company from any loss incurred by it in connection with such certificates; provided however that on the date of a Transfer of Class A Common Shares, the issued and outstanding Class A Common Shares subject to such Transfer shall be converted automatically without any further action by the holder of such shares and whether or not the certificates representing such shares are surrendered to the Company; provided further however that the Company shall not be obligated to issue certificates evidencing the Class B Common Shares issuable upon the automatic conversion of such Class A Common Shares unless either the certificates evidencing such Class A Common Shares are delivered to the Company as provided above, or the holder notifies the Company that such certificates have been lost, stolen or destroyed and executes an agreement satisfactory to the Company to indemnify the Company from any loss incurred by it in connection with such certificates. Class A Common Shares that are converted into Class B Common Shares as provided herein shall be cancelled and may not be reissued.

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

4.3.3.2

Conversion Date. In the event that a holder of Class A Common Shares elects to convert such shares pursuant to Bye-law 4.3.1 above, the conversion shall be deemed to have been made immediately prior to the close of business on the date of receipt by the Company of the Conversion Notice accompanied by the relevant certificates or deed of indemnification required under Bye-law 4.3.3.1. In the event of an automatic conversion of Class A Common Shares pursuant to Bye-law 4.3.2 above, such conversion shall be deemed to have been made at the time that the Transfer of such shares occurred.

4.3.3.3

Status as Shareholder. On the date of a conversion pursuant to Bye-law 4.3.3.2, all rights of the holder of the Class A Common Shares shall cease and the holder or holders in whose name the certificate or certificates representing the Class B Common Shares are to be issued shall be treated for all purposes as having become the registered holder of such Class B Common Shares, notwithstanding (in the case of an automatic transfer) that the certificates representing such Class A Common Shares shall not have been surrendered at the principal office of the Company, or that the certificates evidencing such Class B Common Shares shall not then be actually delivered to such holder.

4.3.3.4

Delivery of Share Certificates. In the event of a conversion pursuant to this Bye-law 4.3, the Company shall, as soon as practicable thereafter, (a) write up its register of members to reflect the cancellation of the Class A Common Shares being converted and the issue, credited as fully paid, of the Class B Common Shares, and (b) issue and deliver to the address of such holder of Class A Common Shares, or to the nominee of such holder, set out in the Conversion Notice a certificate for the number of Class B Common Shares to which such holder shall be entitled.

4.3.4

Reservation of Shares Issuable Upon Conversion. The Company shall at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorised but unissued share capital, solely for the purpose of effecting the conversion of the Class A Common Shares, such number of Class B Common Shares as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding Class A Common Shares; and if at any time the number of authorised but unissued Class B Common Shares shall not be sufficient to effect the conversion of all of the then outstanding Class A Common Shares, the Company will take such action as may, in the opinion of its Directors, be necessary to increase its authorised but unissued Class B Common Shares to such number of shares as shall be sufficient for such purposes, including, without limitation, engaging in best efforts to obtain the requisite shareholders’ approval.

4.4.

The holders of Class B Common Shares shall, subject to these Bye-laws (including, without limitation, the rights attaching to Class A Common Shares and Preference Shares):

(a)

be entitled to one (1) vote per share;

(b)

be entitled to such dividends as the Board may from time to time declare;

(c)

(d)

generally be entitled to enjoy all of the rights attaching to shares.

4.5.

The Board is authorised to provide for the issuance of the Preference Shares in one or more series, and to establish from time to time the number of shares to be included in each such series, and to fix the terms, including designation, powers, preferences, rights, qualifications, limitations and restrictions of the shares of each such series (and, for the avoidance of doubt, such matters and the issuance of such Preference Shares shall not be deemed to vary the rights attached to the Common Shares or, subject to the terms of any other series of Preference Shares, to vary the rights attached to any other series of Preference Shares). The authority of the Board with respect to each series shall include, but not be limited to, determination of the following:

(a)

the number of shares constituting that series and the distinctive designation of that series;

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

(b)

the dividend rate on the shares of that series, whether dividends shall be cumulative and, if so, from which date or dates, and the relative rights of priority, if any, of the payment of dividends on shares of that series;

(c)

whether the series shall have voting rights, in addition to the voting rights provided by law and, if so, the terms of such voting rights;

(d)

whether the series shall have conversion or exchange privileges (including, without limitation, conversion into Common Shares) and, if so, the terms and conditions of such conversion or exchange, including provision for adjustment of the conversion or exchange rate in such events as the Board shall determine;

(e)

whether or not the shares of that series shall be redeemable or repurchaseable and, if so, the terms and conditions of such redemption or repurchase, including the manner of selecting shares for redemption or repurchase if less than all shares are to be redeemed or repurchased, the date or dates upon or after which they shall be redeemable or repurchaseable, and the amount per share payable in case of redemption or repurchase, which amount may vary under different conditions and at different redemption or repurchase dates;

(f)

whether that series shall have a sinking fund for the redemption or repurchase of shares of that series and, if so, the terms and amount of such sinking fund;

(g)

the right of the shares of that series to the benefit of conditions and restrictions upon the creation of indebtedness of the Company or any subsidiary, upon the issue of any additional shares (including additional shares of such series or any other series) and upon the payment of dividends or the making of other distributions on, and the purchase, redemption or other acquisition by the Company or any subsidiary of any issued shares of the Company;

(h)

the rights of the shares of that series in the event of voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, and the relative rights of priority, if any, of payment in respect of shares of that series;

(i)

the rights of holders of that series to elect or appoint directors; and

(j)

any other relative participating, optional or other special rights, qualifications, limitations or restrictions of that series.

4.6.

Any Preference Shares of any series which have been redeemed (whether through the operation of a sinking fund or otherwise) or which, if convertible or exchangeable, have been converted into or exchanged for shares of any other class or classes shall have the status of authorised and unissued Preference Shares of the same series and may be reissued as a part of the series of which they were originally a part or may be reclassified and reissued as part of a new series of Preference Shares to be created by resolution or resolutions of the Board or as part of any other series of Preference Shares, all subject to the conditions and the restrictions on issuance set forth in the resolution or resolutions adopted by the Board providing for the issue of any series of Preference Shares.

4.7.

At the discretion of the Board, whether or not in connection with the issuance and sale of any shares or other securities of the Company, the Company may issue securities, contracts, warrants or other instruments evidencing any shares, option rights, securities having conversion or option rights, or obligations on such terms, conditions and other provisions as are fixed by the Board including, without limiting the generality of this authority, conditions that preclude or limit any person or persons owning or offering to acquire a specified number or percentage of the issued Common Shares, other shares, option rights, securities having conversion or option rights, or obligations of the Company or transferee of the person or persons from exercising, converting, transferring or receiving the shares, option rights, securities having conversion or option rights, or obligations.

4.8.

All the rights attaching to a Treasury Share shall be suspended and shall not be exercised by the Company while it holds such Treasury Share and, except where required by the Act, all Treasury Shares shall be excluded from the calculation of any percentage or fraction of the share capital, or shares, of the Company.

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

Calls on Shares

5.1.

The Board may make such calls as it thinks fit upon the Members in respect of any moneys (whether in respect of nominal value or premium) unpaid on the shares allotted to or held by such Members (and not made payable at fixed times by the terms and conditions of issue) and, if a call is not paid on or before the day appointed for payment thereof, the Member may at the discretion of the Board be liable to pay the Company interest on the amount of such call at such rate as the Board may determine, from the date when such call was payable up to the actual date of payment. The Board may differentiate between the holders as to the amount of calls to be paid and the times of payment of such calls.

5.2.

Any amount which, by the terms of allotment of a share, becomes payable upon issue or at any fixed date, whether on account of the nominal value of the share or by way of premium, shall for the purposes of these Bye-laws be deemed to be an amount on which a call has been duly made and payable on the date on which, by the terms of issue, the same becomes payable, and in case of non-payment all the relevant provisions of these Bye-laws as to payment of interest, costs and expenses, forfeiture or otherwise shall apply as if such amount had become payable by virtue of a duly made and notified call.

5.3.

The joint holders of a share shall be jointly and severally liable to pay all calls and any interest, costs and expenses in respect thereof.

5.4.

The Company may accept from any Member the whole or a part of the amount remaining unpaid on any shares held by such Member, although no part of that amount has been called up or become payable.

Forfeiture of Shares

6.1.

If any Member fails to pay, on the day appointed for payment thereof, any call in respect of any share allotted to or held by such Member, the Board may, at any time thereafter during such time as the call remains unpaid, direct the Secretary to forward such Member a notice in writing in the form, or as near thereto as circumstances admit, of the following:

Notice of Liability to Forfeiture for Non-Payment of Call

The RoyaLand Company Ltd. (the “Company”)

You have failed to pay the call of [amount of call] made on [date], in respect of the [number] share(s) [number in figures] standing in your name in the Register of Members of the Company, on [date], the day appointed for payment of such call. You are hereby notified that unless you pay such call together with interest thereon at the rate of [ ] per annum computed from the said [date] at the registered office of the Company the share(s) will be liable to be forfeited.

Dated this [date]

______________________________

[Signature of Secretary] By Order of the Board

6.2.

If the requirements of such notice are not complied with, any such share may at any time thereafter before the payment of such call and the interest due in respect thereof be forfeited by a resolution of the Board to that effect, and such share shall thereupon become the property of the Company and may be disposed of as the Board shall determine. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the disposal may take place by sale, repurchase, redemption or any other method of disposal permitted by and consistent with these Bye-laws and the Act.

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

6.3.

A Member whose share or shares have been so forfeited shall, notwithstanding such forfeiture, be liable to pay to the Company all calls owing on such share or shares at the time of the forfeiture, together with all interest due thereon and any costs and expenses incurred by the Company in connection therewith.

6.4.

The Board may accept the surrender of any shares which it is in a position to forfeit on such terms and conditions as may be agreed. Subject to those terms and conditions, a surrendered share shall be treated as if it had been forfeited.

Share Certificates

7.1.

Subject to the provisions of this Bye-law 7, every Member shall be entitled to a certificate under the common seal of the Company (or a facsimile thereof) or bearing the signature (or a facsimile thereof) of a Director or the Secretary or a person expressly authorised to sign specifying the number and, where appropriate, the class of shares held by such Member and whether the same are fully paid up and, if not, specifying the amount paid on such shares. The Board may by resolution determine, either generally or in a particular case, that any or all signatures on certificates may be printed thereon or affixed by mechanical means.

7.2.

The Company shall be under no obligation to complete and deliver a share certificate unless specifically called upon to do so by the person to whom the shares have been allotted.

7.3.

If any share certificate shall be proved to the satisfaction of the Board to have been worn out, lost, mislaid, or destroyed the Board may cause a new certificate to be issued and request an indemnity for the lost certificate if it sees fit.

7.4.

Notwithstanding any provisions of these Bye-laws:

(a)

the Board shall, subject always to the Act and any other applicable laws and regulations and the facilities and requirements of any relevant system concerned, have power to implement any arrangements it may, in its absolute discretion, think fit in relation to the evidencing of title to and transfer of uncertificated shares and to the extent such arrangements are so implemented, no provision of these Bye-laws shall apply or have effect to the extent that it is in any respect inconsistent with the holding or transfer of shares in uncertificated form; and

(b)

unless otherwise determined by the Board and as permitted by the Act and any other applicable laws and regulations, no person shall be entitled to receive a certificate in respect of any share for so long as the title to that share is evidenced otherwise than by a certificate and for so long as transfers of that share may be made otherwise than by a written instrument.

Fractional Shares

The Company may issue its shares in fractional denominations and deal with such fractions to the same extent as its whole shares and shares in fractional denominations shall have in proportion to the respective fractions represented thereby all of the rights of whole shares including (but without limiting the generality of the foregoing) the right to vote, to receive dividends and distributions and to participate in a winding-up.

REGISTRATION OF SHARES

9.1.

The Board shall cause to be kept in one or more books a Register of Members and shall enter therein the particulars required by the Act.

9.2.

The Register of Members shall be open to inspection without charge at the registered office of the Company on every business day, subject to such reasonable restrictions as the Board may impose, so that not less than two hours in each business day be allowed for inspection. The Register of Members may, after notice has been given in accordance with the Act, be closed for any time or times not exceeding in the whole thirty days in each year.

10.

Registered Holder Absolute Owner

The Company shall be entitled to treat the registered holder of any share as the absolute owner thereof and accordingly shall not be bound to recognise any equitable claim or other claim to, or interest in, such share on the part of any other person.

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

11.

Transfer of Registered Shares

11.1.

An instrument of transfer shall be in writing in the form of the following, or as near thereto as circumstances admit, or in such other form as the Board may accept:

Transfer of a Share or Shares

The RoyaLand Company Ltd. (the “Company”)

FOR VALUE RECEIVED……………….. [amount], I, [name of transferor] hereby sell, assign and transfer unto [transferee] of [address], [number] shares of the Company.

DATED this [date]

	Signed by:		In the presence of:

	Transferor		Witness

	Signed by:		In the presence of:

	Transferee		Witness

11.2.

Such instrument of transfer shall be signed by (or in the case of a party that is a corporation, on behalf of) the transferor and transferee, provided that, in the case of a fully paid share, the Board may accept the instrument signed by or on behalf of the transferor alone. The transferor shall be deemed to remain the holder of such share until the same has been registered as having been transferred to the transferee in the Register of Members.

11.3.

The Board may refuse to recognise any instrument of transfer unless it is accompanied by the certificate in respect of the shares to which it relates and by such other evidence as the Board may reasonably require showing the right of the transferor to make the transfer.

11.4.

The joint holders of any share may transfer such share to one or more of such joint holders, and the surviving holder or holders of any share previously held by them jointly with a deceased Member may transfer any such share to the executors or administrators of such deceased Member.

11.5.

The Board may in its absolute discretion and without assigning any reason therefor refuse to register the transfer of a share which is not fully paid up. The Board shall refuse to register a transfer unless all applicable consents, authorisations and permissions of any governmental body or agency in Bermuda have been obtained. If the Board refuses to register a transfer of any share the Secretary shall, within three months after the date on which the transfer was lodged with the Company, send to the transferor and transferee notice of the refusal.

11.6.

Shares may be transferred without a written instrument if transferred by an appointed agent or otherwise in accordance with the Act.

11.7.

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in these Bye-laws, shares that are listed or admitted to trading on an appointed stock exchange may be transferred in accordance with the rules and regulations of such exchange.

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

12.

Transmission of Registered Shares

12.1.

In the case of the death of a Member, the survivor or survivors where the deceased Member was a joint holder, and the legal personal representatives of the deceased Member where the deceased Member was a sole holder, shall be the only persons recognised by the Company as having any title to the deceased Member’s interest in the shares. Nothing herein contained shall release the estate of a deceased joint holder from any liability in respect of any share which had been jointly held by such deceased Member with other persons. Subject to the Act, for the purpose of this Bye-law, legal personal representative means the executor or administrator of a deceased Member or such other person as the Board may, in its absolute discretion, decide as being properly authorised to deal with the shares of a deceased Member.

12.2.

Any person becoming entitled to a share in consequence of the death or bankruptcy of any Member may be registered as a Member upon such evidence as the Board may deem sufficient or may elect to nominate some person to be registered as a transferee of such share, and in such case the person becoming entitled shall execute in favour of such nominee an instrument of transfer in writing in the form, or as near thereto as circumstances admit, of the following:

Transfer by a Person Becoming Entitled on Death/Bankruptcy of a Member

The RoyaLand Company Ltd. (the “Company”)

I/We, having become entitled in consequence of the [death/bankruptcy] of [name and address of deceased/bankrupt Member] to [number] share(s) standing in the Register of Members of the Company in the name of the said [name of deceased/bankrupt Member] instead of being registered myself/ourselves, elect to have [name of transferee] (the “Transferee”) registered as a transferee of such share(s) and I/we do hereby accordingly transfer the said share(s) to the Transferee to hold the same unto the Transferee, his or her executors, administrators and assigns, subject to the conditions on which the same were held at the time of the execution hereof; and the Transferee does hereby agree to take the said share(s) subject to the same conditions.

DATED this [date]

	Signed by:		In the presence of:

	Transferor		Witness

	Signed by:		In the presence of:

	Transferee		Witness

12.3.

On the presentation of the foregoing materials to the Board, accompanied by such evidence as the Board may require to prove the title of the transferor, the transferee shall be registered as a Member. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board shall, in any case, have the same right to decline or suspend registration as it would have had in the case of a transfer of the share by that Member before such Member’s death or bankruptcy, as the case may be.

12.4.

Where two or more persons are registered as joint holders of a share or shares, then in the event of the death of any joint holder or holders the remaining joint holder or holders shall be absolutely entitled to such share or shares and the Company shall recognise no claim in respect of the estate of any joint holder except in the case of the last survivor of such joint holders.

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

ALTERATION OF SHARE CAPITAL

13.

Power to Alter Capital

13.1.

The Company may if authorised by resolution of the Members increase, divide, consolidate, subdivide, change the currency denomination of, diminish or otherwise alter or reduce its share capital in any manner permitted by the Act.

13.2.

Where, on any alteration or reduction of share capital, fractions of shares or some other difficulty would arise, the Board may deal with or resolve the same in such manner as it thinks fit.

14.

Variation of Rights Attaching to Shares

If, at any time, the share capital is divided into different classes of shares, the rights attached to any class (unless otherwise provided by the terms of issue of the shares of that class) may, whether or not the Company is being wound-up, be varied with the consent in writing of the holders of three-fourths of the issued shares of that class or with the sanction of a resolution passed by a majority of the votes cast at a separate general meeting of the holders of the shares of the class at which meeting the necessary quorum shall be two persons at least holding or representing by proxy one-third of the issued shares of the class. The rights conferred upon the holders of the shares of any class or series issued with preferred or other rights shall not, unless otherwise expressly provided by the terms of issue of the shares of that class or series, be deemed to be varied by the creation or issue of further shares ranking pari passu therewith.

DIVIDENDS AND CAPITALISATION

15.

Dividends

15.1.

The Board may, subject to these Bye-laws and in accordance with the Act, declare a dividend to be paid to the Members, in proportion to the number of shares held by them, and such dividend may be paid in cash or wholly or partly in specie in which case the Board may fix the value for distribution in specie of any assets. No unpaid dividend shall bear interest as against the Company.

15.2.

The Board may fix any date as the record date for determining the Members entitled to receive any dividend.

15.3.

The Company may pay dividends in proportion to the amount paid up on each share where a larger amount is paid up on some shares than on others.

15.4.

The Board may declare and make such other distributions (in cash or in specie) to the Members as may be lawfully made out of the assets of the Company. No unpaid distribution shall bear interest as against the Company.

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

16.

Power to Set Aside Profits

The Board may, before declaring a dividend, set aside out of the surplus or profits of the Company, such amount as it thinks proper as a reserve to be used to meet contingencies or for equalising dividends or for any other purpose.

17.

Method of Payment

17.1.

Any dividend, interest, or other moneys payable in cash in respect of the shares may be paid by cheque or bank draft sent through the post directed to the Member at such Member’s address in the Register of Members, or to such person and to such address as the Member may direct in writing, or by transfer to such account as the Member may direct in writing.

17.2.

In the case of joint holders of shares, any dividend, interest or other moneys payable in cash in respect of shares may be paid by cheque or bank draft sent through the post directed to the address of the holder first named in the Register of Members, or to such person and to such address as the joint holders may direct in writing, or by transfer to such account as the joint holders may direct in writing. If two or more persons are registered as joint holders of any shares any one can give an effectual receipt for any dividend paid in respect of such shares.

17.3.

The Board may deduct from the dividends or distributions payable to any Member all moneys due from such Member to the Company on account of calls or otherwise.

17.4.

Any dividend and/or other moneys payable in respect of a share which has remained unclaimed for the lesser of three years or the maximum period allowed by any stock exchange or quotation service on which the shares are then traded or quoted from the date when it became due for payment shall, if the Board so resolves, be forfeited and cease to remain owing by the Company. The payment of any unclaimed dividend or other moneys payable in respect of a share may (but need not) be paid by the Company into an account separate from the Company’s own account. Such payment shall not constitute the Company a trustee in respect thereof.

17.5.

The Company shall be entitled to cease sending dividend cheques and drafts by post or otherwise to a Member if those instruments have been returned undelivered to, or left uncashed by, that Member on at least two consecutive occasions or, following one such occasion, reasonable enquiries have failed to establish the Member’s new address. The entitlement conferred on the Company by this Bye-law in respect of any Member shall cease if the Member claims a dividend or cashes a dividend cheque or draft.

18.

Capitalisation

18.1.

The Board may capitalise any amount for the time being standing to the credit of any of the Company’s share premium or other reserve accounts or to the credit of the profit and loss account or otherwise available for distribution by applying such amount in paying up unissued shares to be allotted as fully paid bonus shares pro rata (except in connection with the conversion of shares of one class to shares of another class) to the Members.

18.2.

The Board may capitalise any amount for the time being standing to the credit of a reserve account or amounts otherwise available for dividend or distribution by applying such amounts in paying up in full, partly or nil paid shares of those Members who would have been entitled to such amounts if they were distributed by way of dividend or distribution.

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

MEETINGS OF MEMBERS

19.

Annual General Meetings

Subject to the provisions of the Act the Company shall not be required to hold an annual general meeting in each year. Where the Company elects to hold an annual general meeting, such meeting shall be held at such time and place as the president or the chairman of the Company (if any) or any two Directors or any Director and the Secretary or the Board shall appoint.

20.

Special General Meetings

The president or the chairman of the Company (if any) or any two Directors or any Director and the Secretary or the Board may convene a special general meeting whenever in their judgment such a meeting is necessary.

21.

Requisitioned General Meetings

The Board shall, on the requisition of Members holding at the date of the deposit of the requisition not less than one-tenth of such of the paid-up share capital of the Company as at the date of the deposit carries the right to vote at general meetings, forthwith proceed to convene a special general meeting and the provisions of the Act shall apply.

22.

Notice

22.1.

At least 10 days’ notice of an annual general meeting shall be given to each Member entitled to attend and vote thereat, stating the date, place and time at which the meeting is to be held, that the election of Directors will take place thereat, and as far as practicable, the other business to be conducted at the meeting.

22.2.

At least 10 days’ notice of a special general meeting shall be given to each Member entitled to attend and vote thereat, stating the date, time, place and the general nature of the business to be considered at the meeting.

22.3.

The Board may fix any date as the record date for determining the Members entitled to receive notice of and to vote at any general meeting.

22.4.

A general meeting shall, notwithstanding that it is called on shorter notice than that specified in these Bye-laws, be deemed to have been properly called if it is so agreed by (i) all the Members entitled to attend and vote thereat in the case of an annual general meeting; and (ii) by a majority in number of the Members having the right to attend and vote at the meeting, being a majority together holding not less than 95% in nominal value of the shares giving a right to attend and vote thereat in the case of a special general meeting.

22.5.

The accidental omission to give notice of a general meeting to, or the non-receipt of a notice of a general meeting by, any person entitled to receive notice shall not invalidate the proceedings at that meeting.

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

23.

Giving Notice and Access

23.1.

A notice may be given by the Company to a Member:

(a)

by delivering it to such Member in person, in which case the notice shall be deemed to have been served upon such delivery; or

(b)

by sending it by post to such Member’s address in the Register of Members, in which case the notice shall be deemed to have been served seven days after the date on which it is deposited, with postage prepaid, in the mail; or

(c)

by sending it by courier to such Member’s address in the Register of Members, in which case the notice shall be deemed to have been served two days after the date on which it is deposited, with courier fees paid, with the courier service; or

(d)

by transmitting it to any such address or transmitting it to any telex or facsimile transmission number or electronic number or electronic address or website supplied by him to the Company for the giving of Notice or documents to him or which the person transmitting the notice or document reasonably and bona fide believes at the relevant time will result in the Notice or document being duly received by the Member, in which case the notice shall be deemed to have been served at the time that it would in the ordinary course be transmitted;

(e)

by advertisement in appropriate newspapers in accordance with the requirements of the Designated Stock Exchange, in which case the notice shall be deemed to have been served at the time of publication; or

(f)

to the extent permitted by the Act and all applicable rules and regulations, including, without limitation, the rules and regulations of the Designed Stock Exchange, by placing it on the Company’s website, in which case the notice shall be deemed to have been served at the time of publication.

23.2.

Any notice required to be given to a Member shall, with respect to any shares held jointly by two or more persons, be given to whichever of such persons is named first in the Register of Members and notice so given shall be sufficient notice to all the holders of such shares.

23.3.

In proving service under paragraphs 23.1(b), (c) and Error! Reference source not found., it shall be sufficient to prove that the notice was properly addressed and prepaid, if posted or sent by courier, and the time when it was posted, deposited with the courier, or transmitted by electronic means.

24.

Postponement or cancellation of General Meeting

The Secretary may, and on the instruction of the chairman or president of the Company or the Board, the Secretary shall, postpone or cancel any general meeting called in accordance with these Bye-laws (other than a meeting requisitioned under these Bye-laws) provided that notice of postponement or cancellation is given to the Members before the time for such meeting. Fresh notice of the date, time and place for a postponed meeting shall be given to each Member in accordance with these Bye-laws.

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

25.

Electronic Participation and security in Meetings

25.1.

Members may participate in any general meeting by such telephonic, electronic or other communication facilities or means as permit all persons participating in the meeting to communicate with each other simultaneously and instantaneously, and participation in such a meeting shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.

25.2.

The Board may, and at any general meeting, the chairman of such meeting may, make any arrangement and impose any requirement or restriction it or he considers appropriate to ensure the security of a general meeting including, without limitation, requirements for evidence of identity to be produced by those attending the meeting, the searching of their personal property and the restriction of items that may be taken into the meeting place. The Board and, at any general meeting, the chairman of such meeting are entitled to refuse entry to a person who refuses to comply with any such arrangements, requirements or restrictions.

26.

Quorum at General Meetings

26.1.

At any general meeting two or more persons present at the start of the meeting and representing in person or by proxy in excess of 50% of the total voting rights of all issued and outstanding shares in the Company shall form a quorum for the transaction of business.

26.2.

If within half an hour from the time appointed for the meeting a quorum is not present, then, in the case of a meeting convened on a requisition, the meeting shall be deemed cancelled and, in any other case, the meeting shall stand adjourned to the same day one week later, at the same time and place or to such other day, time or place as the Secretary may determine. Unless the meeting is adjourned to a specific date, time and place announced at the meeting being adjourned, fresh notice of the resumption of the meeting shall be given to each Member entitled to attend and vote thereat in accordance with these Bye-laws.

27.

Chairman to Preside at General Meetings

Unless otherwise agreed by a majority of those attending and entitled to vote at a general meeting, the chairman of the Company, if there be one who is present, and if not the president of the Company, if there be one who is present, shall act as chairman of such meeting. In their absence a chairman of the meeting shall be appointed or elected by those present at the meeting and entitled to vote.

28.

Voting on Resolutions

28.1.

Subject to the Act and these Bye-laws, any question proposed for the consideration of the Members at any general meeting shall be decided by the affirmative votes of a majority of the votes cast in accordance with these Bye-laws and in the case of an equality of votes the resolution shall fail.

28.2.

No Member shall be entitled to vote at a general meeting unless such Member has paid all the calls on all shares held by such Member.

28.3.

At any general meeting a resolution put to the vote of the meeting shall, in the first instance, be voted upon by a show of hands and, subject to any rights or restrictions for the time being lawfully attached to any class of shares and subject to these Bye-laws, every Member present in person and every person holding a valid proxy at such meeting shall be entitled to one vote and shall cast such vote by raising his hand.

28.4.

In the event that a Member participates in a general meeting by telephone, electronic or other communication facilities or means, the chairman of the meeting shall direct the manner in which such Member may cast his vote on a show of hands.

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

28.5.

At any general meeting if an amendment is proposed to any resolution under consideration and the chairman of the meeting rules on whether or not the proposed amendment is out of order, the proceedings on the substantive resolution shall not be invalidated by any error in such ruling.

28.6.

At any general meeting a declaration by the chairman of the meeting that a question proposed for consideration has, on a show of hands, been carried, or carried unanimously, or by a particular majority, or lost, and an entry to that effect in a book containing the minutes of the proceedings of the Company shall, subject to these Bye-laws, be conclusive evidence of that fact.

29.

Power to Demand a Vote on a Poll

29.1.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, a poll may be demanded by any of the following persons:

(a)

the chairman of such meeting; or

(b)

at least three Members present in person or represented by proxy; or

(c)

any Member or Members present in person or represented by proxy and holding between them not less than one-tenth of the total voting rights of all the Members having the right to vote at such meeting; or

(d)

any Member or Members present in person or represented by proxy holding shares in the Company conferring the right to vote at such meeting, being shares on which an aggregate sum has been paid up equal to not less than one-tenth of the total amount paid up on all such shares conferring such right.

29.2.

Where a poll is demanded, subject to any rights or restrictions for the time being lawfully attached to any class of shares, every person present at such meeting shall have one vote for each share of which such person is the holder or for which such person holds a proxy and such vote shall be counted by ballot as described herein, or in the case of a general meeting at which one or more Members are present by telephone, electronic or other communication facilities or means, in such manner as the chairman of the meeting may direct and the result of such poll shall be deemed to be the resolution of the meeting at which the poll was demanded and shall replace any previous resolution upon the same matter which has been the subject of a show of hands. A person entitled to more than one vote need not use all his votes or cast all the votes he uses in the same way.

29.3.

A poll demanded for the purpose of electing a chairman of the meeting or on a question of adjournment shall be taken forthwith. A poll demanded on any other question shall be taken at such time and in such manner during such meeting as the chairman (or acting chairman) of the meeting may direct. Any business other than that upon which a poll has been demanded may be conducted pending the taking of the poll.

29.4.

Where a vote is taken by poll, each person physically present and entitled to vote shall be furnished with a ballot paper on which such person shall record his vote in such manner as shall be determined at the meeting having regard to the nature of the question on which the vote is taken, and each ballot paper shall be signed or initialled or otherwise marked so as to identify the voter and the registered holder in the case of a proxy. Each person present by telephone, electronic or other communication facilities or means shall cast his vote in such manner as the chairman of the meeting shall direct. At the conclusion of the poll, the ballot papers and votes cast in accordance with such directions shall be examined and counted by one or more scrutineers appointed by the Board or, in the absence of such appointment, by a committee of not less than two Members or proxy holders appointed by the chairman of the meeting for the purpose, and the result of the poll shall be declared by the chairman of the meeting.

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

30.

Voting by Joint Holders of Shares

In the case of joint holders, the vote of the senior who tenders a vote (whether in person or by proxy) shall be accepted to the exclusion of the votes of the other joint holders, and for this purpose seniority shall be determined by the order in which the names stand in the Register of Members.

31.

Instrument of Proxy

31.1.

A Member may appoint a proxy by

(a)

an instrument in writing in substantially the following form or such other form as the Board may determine from time to time or the Board or the chairman of the meeting shall accept:

Proxy

The RoyaLand Company Ltd. (the “Company”)

I/We, [insert names here], being a Member of the Company with [number] shares, HEREBY APPOINT [name] of [address] or failing him, [name] of [address] to be my/our proxy to vote for me/us at the meeting of the Members to be held on [date] and at any adjournment thereof. [Any restrictions on voting to be inserted here.]

Signed this [date]

_________________________

Member(s)

(b)

such telephonic, electronic or other means as may be approved by the Board from time to time.

31.2.

The appointment of a proxy must be received by the Company at the registered office or at such other place or in such manner as is specified in the notice convening the meeting or in any instrument of proxy sent out by the Company in relation to the meeting at which the person named in the appointment proposes to vote, and appointment of a proxy which is not received in the manner so permitted shall be invalid.

31.3.

A Member who is the holder of two or more shares may appoint more than one proxy to represent him and vote on his behalf in respect of different shares.

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

31.4.

The decision of the chairman of any general meeting as to the validity of any appointment of a proxy shall be final.

32.

Representation of Corporate Member

32.1.

A corporation which is a Member may, by written instrument, authorise such person or persons as it thinks fit to act as its representative at any meeting and any person so authorised shall be entitled to exercise the same powers on behalf of the corporation which such person represents as that corporation could exercise if it were an individual Member, and that Member shall be deemed to be present in person at any such meeting attended by its authorised representative or representatives.

32.2.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the chairman of the meeting may accept such assurances as he thinks fit as to the right of any person to attend and vote at general meetings on behalf of a corporation which is a Member.

33.

Adjournment of General Meeting

33.1.

The chairman of a general meeting at which a quorum is present may, with the consent of the Members holding a majority of the voting rights of those Members present in person or by proxy (and shall if so directed by Members holding a majority of the voting rights of those Members present in person or by proxy) adjourn the meeting.

33.2.

The chairman of a general meeting may adjourn the meeting to another time and place without the consent or direction of the Members if it appears to him that:

(a)

it is likely to be impractical to hold or continue that meeting because of the number of Members wishing to attend who are not present; or

(b)

the unruly conduct of persons attending the meeting prevents, or is likely to prevent, the orderly continuation of the business of the meeting; or

(c)

an adjournment is otherwise necessary so that the business of the meeting may be properly conducted.

33.3.

Unless the meeting is adjourned to a specific date, place and time announced at the meeting being adjourned, fresh notice of the date, place and time for the resumption of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each Member entitled to attend and vote thereat in accordance with these Bye-laws.

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

34.

Written Resolutions

34.1.

Subject to these Bye-laws, anything which may be done by resolution of the Company in general meeting or by resolution of a meeting of any class of the Members may be done without a meeting by written resolution in accordance with this Bye-law.

34.2.

Notice of a written resolution shall be given, and a copy of the resolution shall be circulated to all Members who would be entitled to attend a meeting and vote thereon. The accidental omission to give notice to, or the non-receipt of a notice by, any Member does not invalidate the passing of a resolution.

34.3.

A written resolution is passed when it is signed by (or in the case of a Member that is a corporation, on behalf of) the Members who at the date that the notice is given represent such majority of votes as would be required if the resolution was voted on at a meeting of Members at which all Members entitled to attend and vote thereat were present and voting.

34.4.

A resolution in writing may be signed in any number of counterparts.

34.5.

A resolution in writing made in accordance with this Bye-law is as valid as if it had been passed by the Company in general meeting or by a meeting of the relevant class of Members, as the case may be, and any reference in any Bye-law to a meeting at which a resolution is passed or to Members voting in favour of a resolution shall be construed accordingly.

34.6.

A resolution in writing made in accordance with this Bye-law shall constitute minutes for the purposes of the Act.

34.7.

This Bye-law shall not apply to:

(a)

a resolution passed to remove an Auditor from office before the expiration of his term of office; or

(b)

a resolution passed for the purpose of removing a Director before the expiration of his term of office.

34.8.

For the purposes of this Bye-law, the effective date of the resolution is the date when the resolution is signed by (or in the case of a Member that is a corporation, on behalf of) the last Member whose signature results in the necessary voting majority being achieved and any reference in any Bye-law to the date of passing of a resolution is, in relation to a resolution made in accordance with this Bye-law, a reference to such date.

35.

Directors Attendance at General Meetings

The Directors shall be entitled to receive notice of, attend and be heard at any general meeting.

DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS

36.

Election of Directors

36.1.

Only persons who are proposed or nominated in accordance with this Bye-law shall be eligible for election as Directors. Any Member or the Board may propose any person for election as a Director. Where any person, other than a Director retiring at the meeting or a person proposed for re-election or election as a Director by the Board, is to be proposed for election as a Director, notice must be given to the Company of the intention to propose him and of his willingness to serve as a Director. Where a Director is to be elected:

(a)

at an annual general meeting, such notice must be given not less than 90 days nor more than 120 days before the anniversary of the last annual general meeting or, in the event the annual general meeting is called for a date that is not 30 days before or after such anniversary, the notice must be given not later than 10 days following the earlier of the date on which notice of the annual general meeting was posted to Members or the date on which public disclosure of the date of the annual general meeting was made; and

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

(b)

at a special general meeting, such notice must be given not later than 10 days following the earlier of the date on which notice of the special general meeting was posted to Members or the date on which public disclosure of the date of the special general meeting was made.

36.2.

Where persons are validly proposed for re-election or election as a Director, the persons receiving the most votes (up to the number of Directors to be elected) shall be elected as Directors, and an absolute majority of the votes cast shall not be a prerequisite to the election of such Directors.

36.3.

At any general meeting the Members may authorise the Board to fill any vacancy in their number left unfilled at a general meeting.

37.

Number of Directors

The Board shall consist of such number of Directors being not less than one Director and not more than such maximum number of Directors as the Board may from time to time determine.

38.

Term of Office of Directors

Directors shall hold office for such term as the Members may determine or, in the absence of such determination, until the next annual general meeting or until their successors are elected or appointed or their office is otherwise vacated.

39.

Alternate Directors

39.1.

At any general meeting, the Members may elect a person or persons to act as a Director in the alternative to any one or more Directors or may authorise the Board to appoint such Alternate Directors.

39.2.

Unless the Members otherwise resolve, any Director may appoint a person or persons to act as a Director in the alternative to himself by notice deposited with the Secretary.

39.3.

Any person elected or appointed pursuant to this Bye-law shall have all the rights and powers of the Director or Directors for whom such person is elected or appointed in the alternative, provided that such person shall not be counted more than once in determining whether or not a quorum is present.

39.4.

An Alternate Director shall be entitled to receive notice of all Board meetings and to attend and vote at any such meeting at which a Director for whom such Alternate Director was appointed in the alternative is not personally present and generally to perform at such meeting all the functions of such Director for whom such Alternate Director was appointed.

(a)

An Alternate Director’s office shall terminate -

(i)

in the case of an alternate elected or appointed by the Members or the Board:

(ii)

on the occurrence in relation to the Alternate Director of any event which, if it occurred in relation to the Director for whom he was elected or appointed to act, would result in the termination of that Director’s directorship; or

(iii)

if the Director for whom he was elected or appointed in the alternative ceases for any reason to be a Director, provided that the alternate whose office terminates in these circumstances may be re-appointed by the Board as an alternate to the person appointed to fill the vacancy; and

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

(b)

in the case of an alternate appointed by a Director:

(i)

on the occurrence in relation to the Alternate Director of any event which, if it occurred in relation to his appointor, would result in the termination of the appointor’s directorship; or

(ii)

when the Alternate Director’s appointor revokes the appointment by notice to the Company in writing specifying when the appointment is to terminate; or

(iii)

if the Alternate Director’s appointor ceases for any reason to be a Director.

40.

Removal of Directors

40.1.

Subject to any provision to the contrary in these Bye-laws, the Members entitled to vote for the election of Directors may, at any special general meeting convened and held in accordance with these Bye-laws, remove a Director only with cause, provided that the notice of any such meeting convened for the purpose of removing a Director shall contain a statement of the intention so to do and be served on such Director not less than 14 days before the meeting and at such meeting the Director shall be entitled to be heard on the motion for such Director’s removal.

40.2.

If a Director is removed from the Board under this Bye-law the Members may fill the vacancy at the meeting at which such Director is removed. In the absence of such election or appointment, the Board may fill the vacancy.

40.3.

For the purposes of this Bye-law, “cause” shall mean a conviction for a criminal offence involving dishonesty or engaging in conduct which brings the Director or the Company into disrepute and which results in material financial detriment to the Company.

41.

Vacancy in the Office of Director

41.1.

The office of Director shall be vacated if the Director:

(a)

is removed from office pursuant to these Bye-laws or is prohibited from being a Director by law;

(b)

is or becomes bankrupt, or makes any arrangement or composition with his creditors generally;

(c)

is or becomes of unsound mind or dies; or

(d)

resigns his office by notice to the Company.

41.2.

The Members in general meeting or the Board shall have the power to appoint any person as a Director to fill a vacancy on the Board occurring as a result of the death, disability, disqualification or resignation of any Director or as a result of an increase in the size of the Board and to appoint an Alternate Director to any Director so appointed.

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

42.

Remuneration of Directors

The remuneration (if any) of the Directors shall be determined by the Board or a duly authorised committee thereof and shall be deemed to accrue from day to day. The Directors may also be paid all travel, hotel and other expenses properly incurred by them (or, in the case of a director that is a corporation, by their representative or representatives) in attending and returning from Board meetings, meetings of any committee appointed by the Board or general meetings, or in connection with the business of the Company or their duties as Directors generally.

43.

Defect in Appointment

All acts done in good faith by the Board, any Director, a member of a committee appointed by the Board, any person to whom the Board may have delegated any of its powers, or any person acting as a Director shall, notwithstanding that it be afterwards discovered that there was some defect in the appointment of any Director or person acting as aforesaid, or that he was, or any of them were, disqualified, be as valid as if every such person had been duly appointed and was qualified to be a Director or act in the relevant capacity.

44.

Directors to Manage Business

The business of the Company shall be managed and conducted by the Board. In managing the business of the Company, the Board may exercise all such powers of the Company as are not, by the Act or by these Bye-laws, required to be exercised by the Company in general meeting.

45.

Powers of the Board of Directors

The Board may:

(a)

appoint, suspend, or remove any manager, secretary, clerk, agent or employee of the Company and may fix their remuneration and determine their duties;

(b)

exercise all the powers of the Company to borrow money and to mortgage or charge or otherwise grant a security interest in its undertaking, property and uncalled capital, or any part thereof, and may issue debentures, debenture stock and other securities whether outright or as security for any debt, liability or obligation of the Company or any third party;

(c)

appoint one or more Directors to the office of managing director or chief executive officer of the Company, who shall, subject to the control of the Board, supervise and administer all of the general business and affairs of the Company;

(d)

appoint a person to act as manager of the Company’s day-to-day business and may entrust to and confer upon such manager such powers and duties as it deems appropriate for the transaction or conduct of such business;

(e)

by power of attorney, appoint any company, firm, person or body of persons, whether nominated directly or indirectly by the Board, to be an attorney of the Company for such purposes and with such powers, authorities and discretions (not exceeding those vested in or exercisable by the Board) and for such period and subject to such conditions as it may think fit and any such power of attorney may contain such provisions for the protection and convenience of persons dealing with any such attorney as the Board may think fit and may also authorise any such attorney to sub-delegate all or any of the powers, authorities and discretions so vested in the attorney;

(f)

procure that the Company pays all expenses incurred in promoting and incorporating the Company;

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

(g)

delegate any of its powers (including the power to sub-delegate) to a committee of one or more persons appointed by the Board which may consist partly or entirely of non-Directors, provided that every such committee shall conform to such directions as the Board shall impose on them and provided further that the meetings and proceedings of any such committee shall be governed by the provisions of these Bye-laws regulating the meetings and proceedings of the Board, so far as the same are applicable and are not superseded by directions imposed by the Board;

(h)

delegate any of its powers (including the power to sub-delegate) to any person on such terms and in such manner as the Board may see fit;

(i)

present any petition and make any application in connection with the liquidation or reorganisation of the Company;

(j)

in connection with the issue of any share, pay such commission and brokerage as may be permitted by law; and

(k)

authorise any company, firm, person or body of persons to act on behalf of the Company for any specific purpose and in connection therewith to execute any deed, agreement, document or instrument on behalf of the Company.

46.

The Board shall cause to be kept in one or more books at the registered office of the Company a Register of Directors and Officers and shall enter therein the particulars required by the Act.

47.

Appointment of Officers

The Board may appoint such Officers (who may or may not be Directors) as the Board may determine for such terms as the Board deems fit.

48.

Appointment of Secretary

The Secretary shall be appointed by the Board from time to time for such term as the Board deems fit.

49.

Duties of Officers

The Officers shall have such powers and perform such duties in the management, business and affairs of the Company as may be delegated to them by the Board from time to time.

50.

Remuneration of Officers

The Officers shall receive such remuneration as the Board may determine.

51.

Conflicts of Interest

51.1.

Any Director, or any Director’s firm, partner or any company with whom any Director is associated, may act in any capacity for, be employed by or render services to the Company on such terms, including with respect to remuneration, as may be agreed between the parties. Nothing herein contained shall authorise a Director or a Director’s firm, partner or company to act as Auditor to the Company.

51.2.

A Director who is directly or indirectly interested in a contract or proposed contract with the Company (an “Interested Director”) shall declare the nature of such interest as required by the Act.

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

51.3.

An Interested Director who has complied with the requirements of the foregoing Bye-law may:

(a)

vote in respect of such contract or proposed contract; and/or

(b)

be counted in the quorum for the meeting at which the contract or proposed contract is to be voted on,

and no such contract or proposed contract shall be void or voidable by reason only that the Interested Director voted on it or was counted in the quorum of the relevant meeting and the Interested Director shall not be liable to account to the Company for any profit realised thereby.

52.

Indemnification and Exculpation of Directors and Officers

52.1.

The Directors, Resident Representative, Secretary and other Officers (such term to include any person appointed to any committee by the Board) acting in relation to any of the affairs of the Company or any subsidiary thereof and the liquidator or trustees (if any) acting in relation to any of the affairs of the Company or any subsidiary thereof and every one of them (whether for the time being or formerly), and their heirs, executors and administrators (each of which an “indemnified party”), shall be indemnified and secured harmless out of the assets of the Company from and against all actions, costs, charges, losses, damages and expenses which they or any of them, their heirs, executors or administrators, shall or may incur or sustain by or by reason of any act done, concurred in or omitted in or about the execution of their duty, or supposed duty, or in their respective offices or trusts, and no indemnified party shall be answerable for the acts, receipts, neglects or defaults of the others of them or for joining in any receipts for the sake of conformity, or for any bankers or other persons with whom any moneys or effects belonging to the Company shall or may be lodged or deposited for safe custody, or for insufficiency or deficiency of any security upon which any moneys of or belonging to the Company shall be placed out on or invested, or for any other loss, misfortune or damage which may happen in the execution of their respective offices or trusts, or in relation thereto, PROVIDED THAT this indemnity shall not extend to any matter in respect of any fraud or dishonesty in relation to the Company which may attach to any of the indemnified parties. Each Member agrees to waive any claim or right of action such Member might have, whether individually or by or in the right of the Company, against any Director or Officer on account of any action taken by such Director or Officer, or the failure of such Director or Officer to take any action in the performance of his duties with or for the Company or any subsidiary thereof, PROVIDED THAT such waiver shall not extend to any matter in respect of any fraud or dishonesty in relation to the Company which may attach to such Director or Officer.

52.2.

The Company may purchase and maintain insurance for the benefit of any Director or Officer against any liability incurred by him under the Act in his capacity as a Director or Officer or indemnifying such Director or Officer in respect of any loss arising or liability attaching to him by virtue of any rule of law in respect of any negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust of which the Director or Officer may be guilty in relation to the Company or any subsidiary thereof.

52.3.

The Company may advance moneys to a Director or Officer for the costs, charges and expenses incurred by the Director or Officer in defending any civil or criminal proceedings against him, on condition that the Director or Officer shall repay the advance if any allegation of fraud or dishonesty in relation to the Company is proved against him.

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

MEETINGS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS

53.

Board Meetings

The Board may meet for the transaction of business, adjourn and otherwise regulate its meetings as it sees fit. Subject to these Bye-laws, a resolution put to the vote at a Board meeting shall be carried by the affirmative votes of a majority of the votes cast and in the case of an equality of votes the resolution shall fail.

54.

Notice of Board Meetings

A Director may, and the Secretary on the requisition of a Director shall, at any time summon a Board meeting. Notice of a Board meeting shall be deemed to be duly given to a Director if it is given to such Director verbally (including in person or by telephone) or otherwise communicated or sent to such Director by post, electronic means or other mode of representing words in a visible form at such Director’s last known address or in accordance with any other instructions given by such Director to the Company for this purpose.

55.

Electronic Participation in Meetings

Directors may participate in any meeting by such telephonic, electronic or other communication facilities or means as permit all persons participating in the meeting to communicate with each other simultaneously and instantaneously, and participation in such a meeting shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.

56.

Representation of Corporate Director

56.1.

A Director which is a corporation may, by written instrument, authorise such person or persons as it thinks fit to act as its representative at any Board meeting and any person so authorised shall be entitled to exercise the same powers on behalf of the corporation which such person represents as that corporation could exercise if it were an individual Director, and that Director shall be deemed to be present in person at any such meeting attended by its authorised representative or representatives.

56.2.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the chairman of the meeting may accept such assurances as he thinks fit as to the right of any person to attend and vote at Board meetings on behalf of a corporation which is a Director.

57.

Quorum at Board Meetings

The quorum necessary for the transaction of business at a Board meeting shall be two Directors, provided that if there is only one Director for the time being in office the quorum shall be one.

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

58.

Board to Continue in the Event of Vacancy

The Board may act notwithstanding any vacancy in its number but, if and so long as its number is reduced below the number fixed by these Bye-laws as the quorum necessary for the transaction of business at Board meetings, the continuing Directors or Director may act for the purpose of (i) summoning a general meeting; or (ii) preserving the assets of the Company.

59.

Chairman to Preside

Unless otherwise agreed by a majority of the Directors attending a Board meeting, the chairman of the Company, if there be one who is present, and if not, the president of the Company, if there be one who is present, shall act as chairman at such Board meeting. In their absence a chairman of the meeting shall be appointed or elected by the Directors present at the meeting.

60.

Written Resolutions

A resolution signed by (or in the case of a Director that is a corporation, on behalf of) all the Directors, which may be in counterparts, shall be as valid as if it had been passed at a Board meeting duly called and constituted, such resolution to be effective on the date on which the resolution is signed by (or in the case of a Director that is a corporation, on behalf of) the last Director. For the purposes of this Bye-law only, “the Directors” shall not include an Alternate Director.

61.

Validity of Prior Acts of the Board

No regulation or alteration to these Bye-laws made by the Company in general meeting shall invalidate any prior act of the Board which would have been valid if that regulation or alteration had not been made.

CORPORATE RECORDS

62.

Minutes

The Board shall cause minutes to be duly entered in books provided for the purpose:

(a)

of all elections and appointments of Officers;

(b)

of the names of the Directors present at each Board meeting and of any committee appointed by the Board; and

(c)

of all resolutions and proceedings of general meetings of the Members, Board meetings, and meetings of committees appointed by the Board.

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

63.

Place Where Corporate Records Kept

Minutes prepared in accordance with the Act and these Bye-laws shall be kept by the Secretary at the registered office of the Company.

64.

Form and Use of Seal

64.1.

The Company may adopt a seal in such form as the Board may determine. The Board may adopt one or more duplicate seals for use in or outside Bermuda.

64.2.

A seal may, but need not, be affixed to any deed, instrument or document, and if the seal is to be affixed thereto, it shall be attested by the signature of (i) any Director, or (ii) any Officer, or (iii) the Secretary, or (iv) any person authorised by the Board for that purpose.

64.3.

A Resident Representative may, but need not, affix the seal of the Company to certify the authenticity of any copies of documents.

ACCOUNTS

65.

Records of Account

65.1.

The Board shall cause to be kept proper records of account with respect to all transactions of the Company and in particular with respect to:

(a)

all amounts of money received and expended by the Company and the matters in respect of which the receipt and expenditure relates;

(b)

all sales and purchases of goods by the Company; and

(c)

all assets and liabilities of the Company.

65.2.

Such records of account shall be kept at the registered office of the Company or, subject to the Act, at such other place as the Board thinks fit and shall be available for inspection by the Directors during normal business hours.

65.3.

Such records of account shall be retained for a minimum period of five years from the date on which they are prepared.

66.

Financial Year End

The financial year end of the Company may be determined by resolution of the Board and failing such resolution shall be 30th June in each year.

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

AUDITS

67.

Annual Audit

Subject to any rights to waive laying of accounts or appointment of an Auditor pursuant to the Act, the accounts of the Company shall be audited at least once in every year.

68.

Appointment of Auditor

68.1.

Subject to the Act, the Members shall appoint an auditor to the Company to hold office for such term as the Members deem fit or until a successor is appointed.

68.2.

The Auditor may be a Member but no Director, Officer or employee of the Company shall, during his continuance in office, be eligible to act as an Auditor of the Company.

69.

Remuneration of Auditor

69.1.

The remuneration of an Auditor appointed by the Members shall be fixed by the Company in general meeting or in such manner as the Members may determine.

69.2.

The remuneration of an Auditor appointed by the Board to fill a casual vacancy in accordance with these Bye-laws shall be fixed by the Board.

70.

Duties of Auditor

70.1.

The financial statements provided for by these Bye-laws shall be audited by the Auditor in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. The Auditor shall make a written report thereon in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards.

70.2.

The generally accepted auditing standards referred to in this Bye-law may be those of a country or jurisdiction other than Bermuda or such other generally accepted auditing standards as may be provided for in the Act. If so, the financial statements and the report of the Auditor shall identify the generally accepted auditing standards used.

71.

Access to Records

The Auditor shall at all reasonable times have access to all books kept by the Company and to all accounts and vouchers relating thereto, and the Auditor may call on the Directors or Officers for any information in their possession relating to the books or affairs of the Company.

72.

Financial Statements and the Auditor’s Report

72.1.

Subject to the following Bye-law, the financial statements and/or the auditor’s report as required by the Act shall

(a)

be laid before the Members at the annual general meeting;

(b)

be received, accepted, adopted or approved by the Members by written resolution passed in accordance with these Bye-laws; or

The RoyaLand Company Ltd.

(c)

in circumstances where the Company has elected to dispense with the holding of an annual general meeting, be made available to the Members in accordance with the Act in such manner as the Board shall determine.

72.2.

If all Members and Directors shall agree, either in writing or at a meeting, that in respect of a particular interval no financial statements and/or auditor’s report thereon need be made available to the Members, and/or that no auditor shall be appointed then there shall be no obligation on the Company to do so.

73.

Vacancy in the Office of Auditor

The Board may fill any casual vacancy in the office of the auditor.

VOLUNTARY WINDING-UP AND DISSOLUTION

74.

Winding-Up

If the Company shall be wound up the liquidator may, with the sanction of a resolution of the Members, divide amongst the Members in specie or in kind the whole or any part of the assets of the Company (whether they shall consist of property of the same kind or not) and may, for such purpose, set such value as he deems fair upon any property to be divided as aforesaid and may determine how such division shall be carried out as between the Members or different classes of Members. The liquidator may, with the like sanction, vest the whole or any part of such assets in the trustees upon such trusts for the benefit of the Members as the liquidator shall think fit, but so that no Member shall be compelled to accept any shares or other securities or assets whereon there is any liability.

CHANGES TO CONSTITUTION

75.

Changes to Bye-laws

No Bye-law may be rescinded, altered or amended and no new Bye-law may be made save in accordance with the Act and until the same has been approved by a resolution of the Board and by a resolution of the Members.

76.

Discontinuance

The Board may exercise all the powers of the Company to discontinue the Company to a jurisdiction outside Bermuda pursuant to the Act.