F-1

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

Emerging growth company

F-1 1 d108968df1.htm F-1 F-1

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 30, 2021

Registration No. 333-

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM F-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

ARRIVAL

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)


Grand Duchy of Luxembourg	3711	98-1569771
(Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)	(Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

1, rue Peternelchen

L-2370 Howald,

Grand Duchy of Luxembourg

+352 621 266 815

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of Registrant’s principal executive offices)

Daniel Chin

General Counsel

1, rue Peternelchen

L-2370 Howald

Grand Duchy of Luxembourg

Tel: +352 621 266 815

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

Copies to:

Alan I. Annex, Esq.

Laurie L. Green, Esq.

Flora R. Perez, Esq.

Greenberg Traurig, P.A.

333 S.E. 2nd Avenue

Miami, FL 33131

Tel: (305) 579-0576

Fax: (305) 579-0717

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after this registration statement becomes effective.

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933 (as amended, the “Securities Act”), check the following box. ☒

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

Title of each class of

securities to be registered

Amount

to be

registered (1)(3)

Proposed

maximum

offering price

per unit

Proposed

maximum

aggregate

offering price

Amount of

registration fee

Ordinary Shares, with a nominal value of €0.10 per share

573,798,878(1)

$18.10(2)

$10,385,759,692

$1,133,086

Total

(1)

Consists of the resale by the selling securityholders named in the prospectus of up to (i) 6,468,750 Ordinary Shares, with a nominal value of €0.10 per share (“Ordinary Shares”) of Arrival, a joint stock company (société anonyme) governed by the laws of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (the “Company”) that were issued in exchange for the Class B shares of common stock of Arrival Vault US, Inc (formerly CIIG Merger Corp.), a Delaware Corp. (“CIIG”) on the closing of the Business Combination (the “Business Combination”) between the Company, CIIG and Arrival Luxembourg SARL (formerly Arrival S.à r.l.), a limited liability company (société à responsabilité limitée) governed by the laws of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (“Arrival”); (ii) 40,000,000 Ordinary Shares issued to a limited number of qualified institutional buyers and institutional and individual accredited investors on the closing of the Business Combination; (iii) 512,899,250 Ordinary Shares issued to holders of ordinary shares and preferred shares of Arrival in the Business Combination; (iv) 7,175,000 Ordinary Shares that may be received upon exercise of warrants to purchase Ordinary Shares, originally issued by CIIG in a private placement (the “Private Placement Warrants”) that were converted into warrants to purchase Ordinary Shares on the closing of the Business Combination at an exercise price of $11.50 per share; and (v) 7,255,878 Ordinary Shares that may be received upon exercise of options to purchase Ordinary Shares, originally issued by Arrival that were converted into options to purchase Ordinary Shares on the closing of the Business Combination (the “Options”).

(2)	Estimated solely to calculate the registration fee in accordance with Rule 457(c) of the Securities Act on the basis of the average of the high and low sales prices of the Ordinary Shares as reported on the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC on March 30, 2021.

(3)	Pursuant to Rule 416 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), the registrant is also registering an indeterminate number of additional Ordinary Shares that may become issuable as a result of any stock dividend, stock split, recapitalization or other similar transaction.

The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act, or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. The selling securityholders may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and we are not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

Subject to Completion, dated March 30, 2021

PRELIMINARY PROSPECTUS

LOGO

573,798,878 ORDINARY SHARES

Offered by Selling Securityholders

This prospectus relates to the offer and sale from time to time by the selling securityholders named in this prospectus (the “Selling Securityholders”), or their permitted transferees, of up to 573,798,878 of our Ordinary Shares, which includes (a) 6,468,750 Ordinary Shares that were exchanged for Class B common stock of Arrival Vault US, Inc. (formerly CIIG Merger Corp.) (“CIIG”) on the closing of the Business Combination among us, CIIG and Arrival Luxembourg SARL (formerly Arrival S.à r.l.) (“Arrival”), (b) 40,000,000 Ordinary Shares beneficially held by a limited number of qualified institutional buyers and institutional and individual accredited investors (the “Private Placement Investors”) which were issued upon the closing of the Business Combination, (c) 512,899,250 Ordinary Shares issued to holders of ordinary shares and preferred shares of Arrival in the Business Combination, (d) 7,175,000 Ordinary Shares that may be received upon exercise of warrants issued to members of CIIG Management LLC, the sponsor of CIIG, to purchase Ordinary Shares at an exercise price of $11.50 (the “Private Placement Warrants”) and (e) up to 7,255,878 Ordinary Shares that may be received upon exercise of currently exercisable options to purchase Ordinary Shares (the “Options”). The Private Placement Warrants were originally issued by CIIG and automatically converted into Warrants to purchase our Ordinary Shares on the closing of the Business Combination and the Options were originally issued by Arrival and automatically converted into Options to purchase our Ordinary Shares upon the closing of the Business Combination. The Business Combination is described in greater detail in this prospectus. See “Prospectus Summary – Recent Developments – Business Combination.”

We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of Ordinary Shares by the Selling Securityholders pursuant to this prospectus. However, we will pay the expenses, other than underwriting discounts and commissions and expenses incurred by the Selling Securityholders for brokerage, accounting, tax or legal services or any other expenses incurred by the Selling Securityholders in disposing of the securities, associated with the sale of Ordinary Shares pursuant to this prospectus.

Our registration of the Ordinary Shares covered by this prospectus does not mean that either we or the Selling Securityholders will issue, offer or sell, as applicable, any of the Ordinary Shares. The Selling Securityholders may offer and sell the Ordinary Shares covered by this prospectus in a number of different ways and at varying prices. We provide more information about how the Selling Securityholders may sell the Ordinary Shares in the section entitled “Plan of Distribution.”

Kinetik S.à r.l., our majority shareholder, owns 76.43% of the Ordinary Shares and has the right to propose for appointment a majority of our board of directors until it owns less than 30% of the Ordinary Shares. Accordingly, we are a “controlled company” under Nasdaq corporate governance rules and are eligible for certain exemptions from these rules. We are a “foreign private issuer” under applicable Securities and Exchange Commission rules and an “emerging growth company” as that term is defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”) and are eligible for reduced public company disclosure requirements.

You should read this prospectus and any prospectus supplement or amendment carefully before you invest in our securities. Investing in the Company’s securities involves risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 11 of this prospectus.

Neither the SEC nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

PROSPECTUS DATED , 2021

TABLE OF CONTENTS


	Page
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS		i

EXCHANGE RATE PRESENTATION		i

IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT IFRS AND NON-IFRS FINANCIAL MEASURES		i

FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION		ii

INDUSTRY AND MARKET DATA		ii

FREQUENTLY USED TERMS		iii

CONVENTIONS WHICH APPLY TO THIS PROSPECTUS		v

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS		vi

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY		1

SUMMARY TERMS OF THE OFFERING		6

SELECTED HISTORICAL FINANCIAL DATA OF CIIG		7

SELECTED HISTORICAL FINANCIAL DATA OF Arrival		8

SELECTED UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION		8

RISK FACTORS		11

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION		44

USE OF PROCEEDS		53

DIVIDEND POLICY		54

CAPITALIZATION		55

BUSINESS		56

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS		75

BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT		87

DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES		95

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PERSON TRANSACTIONS		99

MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS		100

SELLING SECURITYHOLDERS		101

MATERIAL LUXEMBOURG INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS		110

MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS		112

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION		120

EXPENSES RELATED TO THE OFFERING		125

SERVICE OF PROCESS AND ENFORCEMENT OF CIVIL LIABILITIES UNDER U.S. SECURITIES LAWS		125

LEGAL MATTERS		125

EXPERTS		125


	Page

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION		125

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS		F-1

PART II. INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS		II-1

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus, any amendment or supplement to this prospectus or any free writing prospectus prepared by or on our behalf. Any amendment or supplement may also add, update or change information included in this prospectus. Any statement contained in this prospectus will be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in such amendment or supplement modifies or supersedes such statement. Any statement so modified will be deemed to constitute a part of this prospectus only as so modified, and any statement so superseded will be deemed not to constitute a part of this prospectus. See “Where You Can Find More Information.”

Neither we nor the selling securityholders have authorized any other person to provide you with different or additional information. Neither we nor the selling securityholders take responsibility for, nor can we provide assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may provide. The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus or such other date stated in this prospectus, and our business, financial condition, results of operations and/or prospects may have changed since those dates. This prospectus contains summaries of certain provisions contained in some of the documents described in this prospectus, but reference is made to the actual documents for complete information. All of the summaries are qualified in their entirety by the actual documents. Copies of some of the documents referred to in this prospectus have been filed, will be filed or will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and you may obtain copies of those documents as described under “Where You Can Find More Information.”

Neither we nor the selling securityholders are making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. Except as otherwise set forth in this prospectus, neither we nor the selling securityholders have taken any action to permit a public offering of these securities outside the United States or to permit the possession or distribution of this prospectus outside the United States. Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about and observe any restrictions relating to the offering of these securities and the distribution of this prospectus outside the United States.

This prospectus contains references to our trademarks and to trademarks belonging to other entities. Solely for convenience, trademarks and trade names referred to in this prospectus, including logos, artwork and other visual displays may appear without the ^® or TM symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that their respective owners will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, their rights thereto. We do not intend our use or display of other companies’ trade name or trademarks to imply a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship of us by, any other companies.

Certain amounts that appear in this prospectus may not sum due to rounding.

EXCHANGE RATE PRESENTATION

Certain amounts described in this prospectus have been expressed in U.S. dollar for convenience and, when expressed in U.S. dollar in the future, such amounts may be different from those set forth in this prospectus due to intervening exchange rate fluctuations.

IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT IFRS AND NON-IFRS FINANCIAL MEASURES

and IFRS as issued by the IASB for the purposes of the selected unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information. No adjustments were required to convert CIIG’s financial statements from U.S. GAAP to IFRS for purposes of the selected unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information, except to reclassify CIIG’s Class A common stock subject to redemption to non-current liabilities under IFRS.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION

Accounting Treatment of the Business Combination

The Business Combination is accounted for as a “reverse merger” in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB. Under this method of accounting, CIIG is treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. This determination was primarily based on Arrival’s shareholders holding a majority of the voting power of the Company, Arrival’s operations comprising substantially the ongoing operations of the Company, Arrival’s designees comprising a majority of the governing body of the Company, and Arrival’s senior management comprising the senior management of the Company. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the Business Combination is treated as the equivalent of Arrival issuing shares for the net assets of CIIG, accompanied by a recapitalization. Accordingly, the transaction is accounted for within the scope of IFRS 2 (“Share-based payment”). The net assets of CIIG are stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. Operations prior to the Business Combination are deemed to be those of Arrival.

Basis of Pro Forma Presentation

The adjustments presented on the pro forma combined financial statements have been identified and presented to provide an understanding of the Company upon consummation of the Business Combination for illustrative purposes only. The financial results may have been different had the companies always been combined for the historical periods presented here. You should not rely on the pro forma combined financial statements as being indicative of the future financial position and results that the Company will experience.

INDUSTRY AND MARKET DATA

In this prospectus, we present industry data, information and statistics regarding the markets in which Arrival competes as well as Arrival’s analysis of statistics, data and other information provided by third parties relating to markets, market sizes, market shares, market positions and other industry data pertaining to Arrival’s business and markets (collectively, “Industry Analysis”). Such information is supplemented where necessary with Arrival’s own internal estimates and information obtained from discussions with its customers, taking into account publicly available information about other industry participants and Arrival’s management’s judgment where information is not publicly available. This information appears in “Prospectus Summary,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Business” and other sections of this prospectus.

Industry publications, research, studies and forecasts generally state that the information they contain has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but that the accuracy and completeness of such information is not guaranteed. Forecasts and other forward-looking information obtained from these sources are subject to the same qualifications and uncertainties as the other forward-looking statements in this prospectus. These forecasts and forward-looking information are subject to uncertainty and risk due to a variety of factors, including those described under “Risk Factors.” These and other factors could cause results to differ materially from those expressed in any forecasts or estimates.

FREQUENTLY USED TERMS

Unless otherwise stated or unless the context otherwise requires, references to the “Company” are to Arrival, whereas references to “Arrival” are to Arrival Luxembourg SARL and its subsidiaries prior to the Closing and to the Combined Company following the Closing.

In this prospectus:

“Arrival” means (a) Arrival Luxembourg SARL (formerly Arrival S.à r.l.), a limited liability company (société à responsabilité limitée) governed by the laws of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg having its registered office at 1, rue Peternelchen, L-2370 Howald, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, registered with the Luxembourg register of commerce and companies (Registre de Commerce et des Sociétés de Luxembourg) under number B 200789 with respect to the periods prior the Closing and (b) to the Combined Company following the Closing.

“Arrival Ordinary Shares” means ordinary shares of Arrival, with a nominal value of EUR 0.25 per share.

“Assignment, Assumption and Amendment Agreement” means that certain agreement entered into on March 24, 2021 by the Company, CIIG and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company as warrant agent.

“Board of Directors” means the board of directors of the Company.

“Business Combination” means the transactions contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement.

“Business Combination Agreement” means the Business Combination Agreement, dated as of November 18, 2020, as may be amended, by and among CIIG, Arrival, the Company, and Merger Sub.

“CIIG” refers to Arrival Vault US, Inc. (formerly CIIG Merger Corp.), a Delaware corporation.

“CIIG Class A Common Stock” means CIIG’s Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share.

“CIIG Class B Common Stock” means CIIG’s Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share.

“CIIG Common Stock” means the CIIG Class A Common Stock and the CIIG Class B Common Stock, collectively.

“Closing” means the consummation of the Business Combination.

“Closing Date” means March 24, 2021.

“Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

“Combined Company” means the Company and its subsidiaries following the Closing.

“Company” means Arrival (formerly Arrival Group), a joint stock company (société anonyme) governed by the laws of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg having its registered office at 1, rue Peternelchen L-2370 Howald, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, registered with the Luxembourg register of commerce and companies (Registre de Commerce et des Sociétés de Luxembourg) under number B 248209.

“DGCL” means the Delaware General Corporation Law.

“EVs” means electric vehicles.

“Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

iii

“FMVSS” means the U.S. Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards.

“GAAP” means United States generally accepted accounting principles.

“GHG” means greenhouse gas.

“HKMC” means Hyundai Motor Company and Kia Corporation, collectively.

“Hyundai” means Hyundai Motor Company.

“ICE” means internal combustion engine.

“IPO” means CIIG’s initial public offering of units, consummated on December 17, 2019.

“ISO” means the International Standards Organization.

“JOBS Act” means the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, as amended.

“Kia” means Kia Corporation.

“Merger” means the merging of ARSNL Merger Sub Inc. with and into CIIG, with CIIG surviving the Merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. In connection therewith, CIIG’s corporate name changed to “Arrival Vault US, Inc.”

“Merger Effective Time” means the time at which the merger certificate was filed on March 24, 2021.

“Merger Sub” means ARSNL Merger Sub Inc., a Delaware corporation.

“Nasdaq” means The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC.

“NHTSA” means the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

“Nomination Agreement” means the agreement between the Company and Kinetik S.à r.l. providing nomination rights to Kinetik S.à r.l. dated March 24, 2021.

“OEMs” means original equipment manufacturers.

“Ordinary Shares” means the ordinary shares of the Company.

“PIPE” means the private placement pursuant to which the Private Placement Investors purchased 40,000,000 shares of CIIG Class A Common Stock, for a purchase price of $10.00 per share, which were converted into Ordinary Shares in connection with the Closing.

“Prospectus” means the prospectus included in this Registration Statement on Form F-1.

“Public Warrants” means the warrants included in the units sold in CIIG’s IPO, each of which is exercisable for one share of CIIG Class A Common Stock, in accordance with its terms.

“Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement” means that certain agreement entered into on March 24, 2021 by the Company and certain stockholders of CIIG and certain shareholders of Arrival.

“SEC” means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

“Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

“Subscription Agreements” means the subscription agreements entered into by CIIG and a number of qualified institutional buyers and institutional and individual accredited investors, in connection with the execution of the Business Combination Agreement, pursuant to which such investors agreed to purchase, and CIIG agreed to sell to such investors, an aggregate of 40,000,000 shares of CIIG Class A Common Stock for a purchase price of $10.00 per share and an aggregate purchase price of $400,000,000, which shares of CIIG Class A Common Stock were automatically exchanged with the Company for Ordinary Shares.

“Trust Account” means the trust account that holds a portion of the proceeds of the IPO and the concurrent sale of the Private Placement Warrants.

“Warrant Agreement” means the warrant agreement, dated December 12, 2019, by and between CIIG and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent, governing CIIG’s warrants.

“Warrants” mean the former CIIG warrants converted at the Merger Effective Time into a right to acquire one Ordinary Share on substantially the same terms as were in effect immediately prior to the Merger Effective Time under the terms of the Warrant Agreement.

CONVENTIONS WHICH APPLY TO THIS PROSPECTUS

In this prospectus, unless otherwise specified or the context otherwise requires:

“$,” “USD” and “U.S. dollar” each refers to the United States dollar; and

“€,” “EUR” and “euro” each refers to the lawful currency of certain participating member states of the European Union.

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Some of the statements in this prospectus constitute forward-looking statements that do not directly or exclusively relate to historical facts. You should not place undue reliance on such statements because they are subject to numerous uncertainties and factors relating to our operations and business environment, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control. Forward-looking statements include information concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations, including descriptions of our business strategy. These statements are often, but not always, made through the use of words or phrases such as “believe,” “anticipate,” “could,” “may,” “would,” “should,” “intend,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “will,” “expect,” “estimate,” “project,” “positioned,” “strategy,” “outlook” and similar expressions. All such forward-looking statements involve estimates and assumptions that are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results expressed in the statements. Among the key factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements are the following:

•

the ability to maintain the listing of the Ordinary Shares on Nasdaq;

•

the risk that the Business Combination disrupts current plans and operations of Arrival as a result of the consummation of the Business Combination;

•

our ability to recognize the anticipated benefits of the Business Combination, which may be affected by, among other things, competition and the ability of Arrival to grow and manage growth profitably;

•

costs related to the Business Combination;

•

changes in applicable laws or regulations;

•

the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on Arrival’s business;

•

the ability to implement business plans, forecasts, and other expectations, and identify and realize additional opportunities;

•

the risk of downturns and the possibility of rapid change in the highly competitive industry in which Arrival operates;

•

the risk that Arrival and its current and future collaborators are unable to successfully develop and commercialize Arrival’s products or services, or experience significant delays in doing so;

•

the risk that we may never achieve or sustain profitability;

•

the risk that we will need to raise additional capital to execute its business plan, which may not be available on acceptable terms or at all;

•

the risk that we experience difficulties in managing our growth and expanding operations;

•

the risk that third-party suppliers and manufacturers are not able to fully and timely meet their obligations;

•

the risk that the utilization of microfactories will not provide the expected benefits due to, among other things, the inability to locate appropriate buildings to use as microfactories, microfactories needing a larger than anticipated factory footprint, and the inability of Arrival to deploy microfactories in the anticipated time frame;

•

that Arrival has identified a material weakness in its internal control over financial reporting which, if not corrected, could affect the reliability of Arrival’s financial statements;

•

the risk that Arrival is unable to secure or protect its intellectual property; and

•

the possibility that Arrival may be adversely affected by other economic, business, and/or competitive factors.

These and other factors are more fully discussed under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus. These risks could cause actual results to differ materially from those implied by forward-looking statements in this prospectus.

You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements that speak only as of the date hereof. New risks and uncertainties come up from time to time, and it is impossible for us to predict these events or how they may affect us. We do not undertake any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements after the date of this prospectus, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. In light of these risks and uncertainties, you should keep in mind that any event described in a forward-looking statement made in this prospectus or elsewhere might not occur.

vii

PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

This summary highlights selected information contained elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary does not contain all of the information you should consider before investing in the Company’s securities. Before making an investment decision, you should read this entire prospectus carefully, especially “Risk Factors” and the financial statements and related notes thereto, and the other documents to which this prospectus refers. Some of the statements in this prospectus constitute forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. See “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” for more information.

Arrival

Arrival was founded with a mission to transform the design, assembly and distribution of commercial electric vehicles (“EVs”) and accelerate the mass adoption of EVs globally. The initial focus for Arrival is the production of commercial electric vehicle vans and buses. Arrival believes this segment of the automotive market is currently underserved by other electric vehicle manufacturers and is a global market with significant scale opportunities. Arrival also believes the commercial vehicle segment will move quickly to electric vehicles, and that this migration will be supported worldwide by local, state, and national government policies that either encourage electric vehicle usage via subsidies or enact usage taxes on fleet operators who continue to operate fossil fuel vehicles. Arrival also believes that commercial fleet operators will be attracted to EV’s in general, and Arrival’s vehicles in particular, because of their lower total cost of ownership (“TCO”). Commercial fleet operators have well understood range requirements, and the vehicles typically return to a central depot every evening where the vehicles can be charged overnight. For all these reasons, Arrival expects the commercial vehicle fleets to migrate to EVs even more quickly than automotive retail segments.

Recent Developments

Business Combination

On March 24, 2021, the Business Combination was consummated. As part of the Business Combination, on the Closing Date, pursuant to the Business Combination Agreement:

•

the existing ordinary and preferred shareholders of Arrival Luxembourg SARL contributed their respective equity interests in Arrival Luxembourg SARL to the Company in exchange for Ordinary Shares (the “Exchanges”);

•

following the Exchanges, CIIG merged with and into Merger Sub and all shares of CIIG common stock were exchanged for Ordinary Shares, and, in connection therewith, CIIG’s corporate name changed to Arrival Vault US, Inc. (the “Merger”);

•

each outstanding warrant to purchase shares of CIIG’s common stock was converted into a Warrant to purchase Ordinary Shares;

•

each Arrival Luxembourg SARL option, whether vested or unvested, was assumed by the Company and now represents an option award exercisable for Ordinary Shares;

•

the Arrival Luxembourg SARL restricted shares were exchanged for restricted Ordinary Shares; and

•

Arrival Luxembourg SARL and CIIG became direct, wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company.

Immediately prior to the Closing, the Private Placement Investors purchased an aggregate of 40,000,000 shares of CIIG Class A Common Stock, for a purchase price of $10.00 per share and an aggregate purchase price of $400,000,000, which shares of CIIG Class A Common Stock were automatically exchanged with the Company for Ordinary Shares in the Merger.

On the Closing Date, the Company, certain persons and entities holding CIIG’s Class B common stock and all shareholders of Arrival Luxembourg SARL other than the Arrival Luxembourg SARL employees holding ordinary shares granted under the Arrival Restricted Share Plan 2020 entered into a Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement which provides customary demand and piggyback registration rights and which restricts the transfer of the Ordinary Shares during the applicable lock-up periods. See “Securities Eligible for Future Sale” for further discussion.

Implications of Being an “Emerging Growth Company,” a “Foreign Private Issuer” and a “Controlled Company”

The Company qualifies as an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). As an “emerging growth company,” the Company may take advantage of certain exemptions from specified disclosure and other requirements that are otherwise generally applicable to public companies. These exemptions include:

•

not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements for the assessment of our internal control over financial reporting provided by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”);

•

reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation; and

•

not being required to hold a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation or seek shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

The Company may take advantage of these reporting exemptions until it is no longer an “emerging growth company.” The Company expects to remain an “emerging growth company” until December 31, 2021.

The Company is also considered a “foreign private issuer” and will report under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (as amended, the “Exchange Act”) as a non-U.S. company with “foreign private issuer” status. This means that, even after the Company no longer qualifies as an “emerging growth company,” as long as it qualifies as a “foreign private issuer” under the Exchange Act, it will be exempt from certain provisions of the Exchange Act that are applicable to U.S. public companies, including:

•

the sections of the Exchange Act regulating the solicitation of proxies, consents or authorizations in respect of a security registered under the Exchange Act;

•

the sections of the Exchange Act requiring insiders to file public reports of their stock ownership and trading activities and liability for insiders who profit from trades made in a short period of time; and

•

the rules under the Exchange Act requiring the filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) of quarterly reports on Form 10-Q containing unaudited financial and other specified information, or current reports on Form 8-K, upon the occurrence of specified significant events.

The Company may take advantage of these reporting exemptions until such time as it is no longer a “foreign private issuer.” The Company could lose its status as a “foreign private issuer” under current SEC rules and regulations if more than 50% of the Company’s outstanding voting securities become directly or indirectly held of record by U.S. holders and any one of the following is true: (i) the majority of the Company’s directors or executive officers are U.S. citizens or residents; (ii) more than 50% of the Company’s assets are located in the United States; or (iii) the Company’s business is administered principally in the United States.

The Company may choose to take advantage of some but not all of these reduced burdens. The Company has taken advantage of reduced reporting requirements in this prospectus. Accordingly, the information contained in this prospectus may be different from the information you receive from the Company’s competitors that are public companies, or other public companies in which you have made an investment.

As a foreign private issuer, the Company is permitted to follow certain Luxembourg corporate governance practices in lieu of certain listing rules of Nasdaq, or Nasdaq Listing Rules. The Company plans to follow the corporate governance requirements of the Nasdaq Listing Rules, except that it intends to follow Luxembourg practice with respect to quorum requirements for shareholder meetings in lieu of the requirement under Nasdaq Listing Rules that the quorum be not less than 33 1/3% of the outstanding voting shares. Under the Company’s articles of association, at an ordinary general meeting, there is no quorum requirement and resolutions are adopted by a simple majority of validly cast votes. In addition, under the Company’s articles of association, for any resolutions to be considered at an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders, the quorum shall be at least one half of our issued share capital unless otherwise mandatorily required by law.

For purposes of the Nasdaq Listing Rules, the Company will be a “controlled company.” Under Nasdaq Listing Rules, controlled companies are companies of which more than 50% of the voting power for the election of directors is held by an individual, a group, or another company. Kinetik S.à r.l. owns 76.43% of the outstanding Ordinary Shares. Accordingly, although the Company will be eligible to take advantage of certain exemptions from certain Nasdaq corporate governance standards, it currently does not intend to do so except for the quorum requirement discussed above.

Summary Risk Factors

Investing in the Company’s securities entails a high degree of risk as more fully described under “Risk Factors.” You should carefully consider such risks before deciding to invest in the Company’s securities. These risks include, among others:

•

Arrival is an early stage company with a history of losses, and expects to incur significant expenses and continuing losses for the foreseeable future.

•

Arrival has a limited operating history and has not yet manufactured or sold any production vehicles to customers and may never develop or manufacture any vehicles.

•

While Arrival has received orders for vehicles, the period of time from the receipt of orders to implementation and delivery is long, potentially spanning over several months, and the orders are subject to the risks of cancellation or postponement of the orders.

•

Arrival’s growth is dependent upon the willingness of operators of commercial vehicle fleets and small to medium sized businesses to adopt electric vehicles and on Arrival’s ability to produce, sell and service vehicles that meet their needs. If the market for commercial electric vehicles does not develop as Arrival expects or develops slower than Arrival expects, Arrival’s business, prospects, financial condition and operating results will be adversely affected.

•

The UPS order constitutes all of the current orders for Arrival vehicles. If this order is cancelled, modified or delayed, Arrival’s prospects, results of operations, liquidity and cash flow will be materially adversely affected.

•

Certain of Arrival’s strategic, development and deployment arrangements could be terminated or may not materialize into long-term contract partnership arrangements and may restrict or limit Arrival from developing electric vehicles with other strategic partners.

•

Arrival’s ability to execute its microfactory production model on a large scale is unproven and still evolving and such production model may lead to increased costs, delayed and/or reduced production of its vehicles and adversely affect Arrival’s ability to operate its business.

•

Arrival may encounter obstacles outside of its control that slow market adoption of electric vehicles, such as regulatory requirements or infrastructure limitations.

•

As Arrival expands into new territories, many of which will be international territories, it may encounter stronger market resistance than it currently expects, including from incumbent competitors in those territories.

•

Arrival is dependent on its suppliers, some of which are single or limited source suppliers, and the inability of these suppliers to deliver the raw materials and components of Arrival’s vehicles in a timely manner and at prices and volumes acceptable to it could have a material adverse effect on its business, prospects and operating results.

•

There are complex software and technology systems that need to be developed in coordination with vendors and suppliers in order to reach production for Arrival’s electric vehicles, and there can be no assurance such systems will be successfully developed.

•

The discovery of defects in Arrival vehicles may result in delays in new model launches, recall campaigns or increased warranty costs. Additionally, discovery of such defects may result in a decrease in the residual value of its vehicles, which may materially harm its business.

•

Arrival may become subject to product liability claims, which could harm its financial condition and liquidity if it is not able to successfully defend or insure against such claims.

•

Arrival will rely on complex robotic assembly and component manufacturing for its production, which involves a significant degree of risk and uncertainty in terms of operational performance and costs.

•

Arrival is likely to face competition from a number of sources, which may impair its revenues, increase its costs to acquire new customers, and hinder its ability to acquire new customers.

•

Arrival is highly dependent on the services of its senior management team (including Denis Sverdlov, its Founder and Chief Executive Officer), and if Arrival is unable to retain some or all of this team, its ability to compete could be harmed.

Corporate Structure

The following diagram shows the pro forma ownership percentages (excluding the impact of the shares underlying the Warrants) and structure of the Company immediately following the consummation of the Business Combination.

LOGO

(1)	The diagram above only shows select subsidiaries of Arrival Luxembourg SARL.

Corporate Information

The Company was incorporated under the laws of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg on October 27, 2020 as a joint stock company (société anonyme) having its registered office at 1, rue Peternelchen L-2370 Howald, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, registered with the Luxembourg register of commerce and companies (Registre de Commerce et des Sociétés de Luxembourg) under number B 248209. The Company’s principal website address is www.arrival.com. We do not incorporate the information contained on, or accessible through, the Company’s websites into this prospectus, and you should not consider it a part of this prospectus.

SUMMARY TERMS OF THE OFFERING

The summary below describes the principal terms of the offering. The “Description of Securities” section of this prospectus contains a more detailed description of the Company’s Ordinary Shares and Warrants.

We are registering the resale by the Selling Securityholders or their permitted transferees of up to 573,798,878 Ordinary Shares.

Any investment in the securities offered hereby is speculative and involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the information set forth under “Risk Factors” on page 11 of this prospectus.


Resale of Ordinary Shares

Ordinary Shares offered by the Selling Securityholders		573,798,878

Use of Proceeds		We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the Ordinary Shares to be offered by the Selling Securityholders.

Dividend policy		Other than as disclosed elsewhere in this prospectus, we currently expect to retain all future earnings for use in the operation and expansion of our business and do not plan to pay any dividends on our ordinary shares in the near future. The declaration and payment of any dividends in the future will be determined by the Board of Directors in its discretion, and will depend on a number of factors, including our earnings, capital requirements, overall financial condition, applicable law and contractual restrictions. See “Dividend Policy.”

Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement		Certain of our shareholders are subject to certain restrictions on transfer until the termination of applicable lock-up periods. See “Securities Eligible for Future Sale” for further discussion.

Market for our securities		Our Ordinary Shares and Warrants are listed on The Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbols “ARVL” and “ARVLW,” respectively.

Risk factors		Investing in our securities involves substantial risks. See “Risk Factors” for a description of certain of the risks you should consider before investing in the Company.

SELECTED HISTORICAL FINANCIAL DATA OF CIIG

The following tables summarize the relevant financial data for CIIG’s business and should be read in conjunction with CIIG’s audited financial statements, and the notes related thereto, which are included elsewhere in this prospectus.

CIIG’s balance sheet data as of June 30, 2020 and statement of operations data for the six months ended June 30, 2020 are derived from CIIG’s unaudited financial statements. CIIG’s balance sheet data as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, and statement of operations data for the year ended December 31, 2020 and the period from September 19, 2019 (inception) through December 31, 2019 are derived from CIIG’s audited financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

The historical results presented below are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any future period. You should read the following selected financial information in conjunction with CIIG’s financial statements and related notes contained elsewhere in this prospectus.

(in thousands of U.S. Dollars, except share and per share data)


	Year Ended December 31, 2020			Six Months Ended June 30, 2020			For the Period from September 19, 2019 (inception) Through December 31, 2019
Income Statement Data:
Revenue	$	—		$	—		$	—
Loss from operations		(6,220	)		(370	)		(92	)
Interest income on marketable securities		1,108			995			140
Provision for income taxes		(190	)		(118	)		(18	)
Net (loss) income		(5,302	)		437			30
Basic and diluted net income per share		0.03			0.03			0.00
Weighted average shares outstanding—basic and diluted		25,875,000			25,875,000			25,875,000


	December 31, 2020			June 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Balance Sheet Data:
Working capital	$	(4,840	)	$	810	$	1,438
Trust account		259,865			259,805		258,890
Total assets		260,310			261,066		260,477
Total liabilities		14,340			9,357		9,205
Value of ordinary shares subject to redemption		240,969			246,709		246,272
Shareholders’ equity		5,000			5,000		5,000

SELECTED HISTORICAL FINANCIAL DATA OF ARRIVAL

The information presented below is derived from Arrival’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 and the fiscal years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. The information presented below should be read alongside Arrival’s consolidated financial statements and accompanying footnotes included elsewhere in this prospectus. You should read the following financial data together with “Risks Related to Arrival,” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”.

The following table highlights key measures of Arrival’s financial condition and results of operations (Euros in thousands, except per share amounts):


	Six Months Ended June 30,						Year Ending December 31,
(in thousands)	2020 €’000			2019 €’000			2019 €’000			2018 €’000
Statement of Income Data:
Revenue		—			—			—			—
Cost of Revenue		—			—			—			—

Gross Profit/(Loss)		—			—			—			—
Administrative Expenses		(24,159	)		(11,567	)		(31,392	)		(16,769	)
Research and Development Expenses		(4,723	)		(3,705	)		(11,149	)		(6,219	)
Impairment Expense		(34	)		(2,131	)		(4,972	)		(9,347	)
Other Income/(Expenses), Net		792			(113	)		(4,328	)		1,154

Operating Loss		(28,124	)		(17,516	)		(51,841	)		(31,181	)
Net Finance Income/(Expense)		(1,214	)		(1,001	)		(3,184	)		41

Loss Before Tax		(29,338	)		(18,517	)		(55,025	)		(31,140	)
Tax Income		4,873			2,882			6,929			951

Loss for the Period		(24,465	)		(15,635	)		(48,096	)		(30,189	)

Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share		(0.03	)		(0.02	)		(0.05	)		(0.03	)
Balance Sheet Data:
Total Assets		215,475			93,737			243,167			56,324
Total Equity		174,003			83,865			199,245			49,956
Share Capital		228,067			151,197			227,333			16

SELECTED UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

The following selected unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of position combines the unaudited historical condensed consolidated balance sheet of Arrival as of June 30, 2020 with the unaudited historical condensed balance sheet of CIIG as of June 30, 2020, giving effect to the Business Combination as if they had been consummated as of that date.

The following selected unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2020 combines the unaudited historical condensed consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income of Arrival for the six months ended June 30, 2020 with the unaudited condensed statement of operations of CIIG for the six months ended June 30, 2020, giving effect to the transactions as if they had occurred as of the earliest period presented.

The following selected unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019 combines the audited historical consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income of Arrival for the year ended December 31, 2019 with the audited statement of operations of CIIG for the period from September 19, 2019 (inception) through December 31, 2019, giving effect to the transactions as if they had occurred as of the earliest period presented.

The selected unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been prepared assuming two alternative levels of redemption of CIIG Common Stock into cash:

•

Assuming No Redemptions: This presentation assumes that no CIIG stockholders exercise redemption rights with respect to their shares of CIIG Class A Common Stock upon consummation of the Business Combination; and

•

Assuming Maximum Redemptions: This presentation assumes that CIIG stockholders exercise their redemption rights with respect to 23,344,330 shares of CIIG Class A Common Stock upon consummation of the Business Combination at a redemption price of approximately US$10.04 per share. The maximum redemption amount is derived so that there is a minimum of US$400,000,000 of cash held either in or outside of the Trust Account, including the aggregate amount of any proceeds from the PIPE, after giving effect to the payments to redeeming stockholders.

Prior to the Closing, 21,483 shares of CIIG Class A Common Stock were redeemed by the holders for an aggregate redemption payment of approximately $260,000.

The adjustments presented in the selected unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements have been identified and presented to provide relevant information necessary for an accurate understanding of the combined company upon consummation of the transactions.

The historical financial statements of CIIG have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). The historical financial statements of Arrival have been prepared in accordance with IFRS, as adopted by the International Accounting Standards Board. The historical financial information of CIIG has been adjusted to give effect to the differences between U.S. GAAP and IFRS as issued by the IASB for the purposes of the selected unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information. No adjustments were required to convert CIIG’s financial statements from U.S. GAAP to IFRS for purposes of the selected unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information, except to reclassify CIIG’s Class A common stock subject to redemption to non-current liabilities under IFRS.

The historical financial information of CIIG was derived from the historical unaudited financial statements of CIIG for the six months ended June 30, 2020 which have been translated into Euros as described under “The Business Combination—Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Financial Information.” The historical financial information of CIIG was derived from the historical audited financial statements of CIIG for the period from September 19, 2019 (inception) through December 31, 2019 which have been translated into Euros at the rate on June 30, 2020 of US$1.00 to €0.88915.

The historical financial information of Arrival was derived from the historical unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Arrival for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 which are included elsewhere in this prospectus. The historical financial information of Arrival was derived from the historical audited consolidated financial statements of Arrival for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 which are included elsewhere in this prospectus. This information should be read together with CIIG’s and Arrival’s financial statements and related notes, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and other financial information included elsewhere in this prospectus.

The selected unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is presented for illustrative purposes only. Such information is only a summary and should be read in conjunction with the section titled “Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Financial Information.” The financial results may have been different had the companies always been combined. You should not rely on the selected unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information as being indicative of the historical results that would have been achieved had the companies always been combined or the future results that the combined company will experience.

Selected Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information

(in Euros and in thousands, except share and per share data)


in thousands, except share and per share data	Assuming No Redemptions			Assuming Maximum Redemptions
Selected Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Operations – Six Months Ended June 30, 2020
Total expenses	€	28,461		€	28,461
Operating loss	€	(28,461	)	€	(28,461	)
Net loss	€	(24,802	)	€	(24,802	)
Loss per share	€	(0.04	)	€	(0.04	)
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic and diluted		606,178,750			582,834,420
Selected Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Operations – Year Ended December 31, 2019
Total expenses	€	805,280		€	140,480
Operating loss	€	(805,280	)	€	(140,480	)
Net loss	€	(801,535	)	€	(136,735	)
Loss per share	€	(1.32	)	€	(0.23	)
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic and diluted		606,178,750			582,834,420
Selected Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Financial Position as of June 30, 2020
Total current assets	€	584,905		€	376,493
Total assets	€	749,912		€	541,500
Total current liabilities	€	18,808		€	18,808
Total liabilities	€	41,654		€	41,654
Total stockholders’ equity	€	708,258		€	499,846

RISK FACTORS

An investment in the Company’s securities carries a significant degree of risk. You should carefully consider the following risks and other information in this prospectus, including our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus, before you decide to purchase the Company’s securities. Additional risks and uncertainties of which we are not presently aware or that we currently deem immaterial could also affect our business operations and financial condition. If any of these risks actually occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations or prospects could be materially affected. As a result, the trading price of the Company’s securities could decline and you could lose part or all of your investment. All references in this section to “Arrival” refer to Arrival Luxembourg SARL prior to the Closing and to the Company following the Closing.

Risks Related to Arrival

Arrival is an early stage company with a history of losses, and expects to incur significant expenses and continuing losses for the foreseeable future.

Arrival has incurred losses in the operation of its business related to research and development activities since its inception. Arrival anticipates that its expenses will increase and that it will continue to incur losses in the future until at least the time it begins significant deliveries of its vehicles, which is not expected to occur before 2022. Even if Arrival is able to successfully develop and sell or lease its vehicles, there can be no assurance that they will be commercially successful and achieve or sustain profitability.

Arrival expects the rate at which it will incur losses to be significantly higher in future periods as it, among other things, designs, develops and manufactures its vehicles; deploys its microfactories; builds up inventories of parts and components for its vehicles; increases its sales and marketing activities, develops its distribution infrastructure; and increases its general and administrative functions to support its growing operations. Arrival may find that these efforts are more expensive than it currently anticipates or that these efforts may not result in revenues, which would further increase Arrival’s losses.

Arrival has a limited operating history and has not yet manufactured or sold any production vehicles to customers and may never develop or manufacture any vehicles.

Arrival was incorporated in October 2015 and has a limited operating history in the automobile industry, which is continuously evolving. Arrival vehicles are in the development stage and Arrival does not expect its first vehicle to be produced until the fourth quarter of 2021, if at all. Arrival has no experience as an organization in high volume manufacturing of the planned electric vehicles. Arrival cannot assure you that it or its partners will be able to develop efficient, automated, cost-efficient manufacturing capability and processes, and reliable sources of component supplies that will enable Arrival to meet the quality, price, engineering, design and production standards, as well as the production volumes, required to successfully mass market its electric vehicles. You should consider Arrival’s business and prospects in light of the risks and significant challenges it faces as a new entrant into its industry, including, among other things, with respect to its ability to:

•

design and produce safe, reliable and quality vehicles on an ongoing basis;

•

obtain the necessary regulatory approvals in a timely manner;

•

build a well-recognized and respected brand;

•

establish and expand its customer base;

•

successfully market not just Arrival’s vehicles but also the other services it intends to provide;

•

properly price its services, including its charging solutions, financing and lease options, and successfully anticipate the take-rate and usage of such services by users;

•

successfully service its vehicles after sales and maintain a good flow of spare parts and customer goodwill;

•

improve and maintain its operational efficiency;

•

successfully execute its microfactory production model and maintain a reliable, secure, high-performance and scalable technology infrastructure;

•

predict its future revenues and appropriately budget for its expenses;

•

attract, retain and motivate talented employees;

•

anticipate trends that may emerge and affect its business;

•

anticipate and adapt to changing market conditions, including technological developments and changes in competitive landscape; and

•

navigate an evolving and complex regulatory environment.

If Arrival fails to adequately address any or all of these risks and challenges, its business may be materially and adversely affected.

Arrival’s forecasted operating and financial results rely in large part upon assumptions and analyses developed by Arrival. If these assumptions and analyses prove to be incorrect, Arrival’s actual operating and financial results may be significantly below its forecasts.

The projected financial and operating information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus reflects current estimates of future performance. Whether actual operating and financial results and business developments will be consistent with Arrival’s expectations and assumptions as reflected in its forecast depends on a number of factors, many of which are outside Arrival’s control, including, but not limited to:

•

whether Arrival can obtain sufficient capital to begin production and grow its business;

•

Arrival’s ability to manage its growth;

•

whether Arrival can manage relationships with key suppliers;

•

whether Arrival can rapidly deploy its microfactories and successfully execute its production methodologies in such microfactories (including its robotic assembly process and composite manufacturing);

•

the ability to obtain necessary regulatory approvals;

•

demand for Arrival products and services;

•

the timing and costs of new and existing marketing and promotional efforts;

•

competition, including from established and future competitors;

•

Arrival’s ability to retain existing key management, to integrate recent hires and to attract, retain and motivate qualified personnel;

•

the overall strength and stability of the economies in the markets in which it operates or intends to operate in the future; and

•

regulatory, legislative and political changes;

Unfavorable changes in any of these or other factors, most of which are beyond Arrival’s control, could materially and adversely affect its business, results of operations and financial results.

In addition, Arrival’s production methodologies (including robotic assembly processes and composite manufacturing) are still being tested and its assumptions may not be accurate. If Arrival is unable to successfully

implement its production methodologies, or the assumptions on which such production methodologies are based prove to be incorrect, Arrival’s business, prospects, financial condition and operating results could be adversely effected.

Arrival may need to raise additional funds and these funds may not be available to it when it needs them, or may only be available on unfavorable terms. As a result, Arrival may be unable to meet its future capital requirements which could limit its ability to grow and jeopardize its ability to continue its business operations.

The design, production, sale and servicing of Arrival’s electric vehicles is capital-intensive. Arrival expects that no additional capital will be needed to achieve profitability (assuming satisfaction of the minimum available cash condition). However, Arrival may subsequently determine that additional funds are necessary earlier than anticipated. This capital may be necessary to fund Arrival’s ongoing operations, continue research, development and design efforts and improve infrastructure. Arrival may raise additional funds through the issuance of equity, equity related or debt securities or through obtaining credit from government or financial institutions. Arrival cannot be certain that additional funds will be available to it on favorable terms when required, or at all. If Arrival cannot raise additional funds when it needs them, its business, prospects, financial condition and operating results could be materially adversely affected.

Arrival vehicles are in the development stage and Arrival does not expect its first vehicle to be produced until the fourth quarter of 2021. Even after Arrival begins production of its vehicles, due to the nature of large commercial fleet orders, the anticipated lead time between receipt of orders for Arrival’s electric vehicles and implementation and delivery of its electric vehicles is long, potentially spanning over several months. Given this anticipated lead time, there is a heightened risk that customers that have ordered vehicles may not ultimately take delivery due to potential changes in customer preferences, competitive developments and other factors. As a result, no assurance can be made that orders will not be cancelled or postponed, or that orders will ultimately result in the purchase or lease of electric vehicles. Any cancellations or postponements could harm Arrival’s financial condition, business, prospects and operating results. Currently no customers have paid deposits or will be required to pay any penalties for cancellations, or, other than UPS, have made any commitments to purchase Arrival vehicles. Arrival anticipates contracting with customers on terms which require the payment of a deposit and are not cancellable for convenience; however, in certain cases, Arrival and a customer may agree to commercial terms which include (amongst other things) the ability for the customer to modify or terminate the vehicle order and the parties may agree that a deposit is not required.

In addition, Arrival’s business model is initially focused on building relationships with commercial bus and van fleet customers. Even if Arrival is able to obtain binding orders, customers may limit their volume of purchases initially as they assess Arrival’s vehicles and whether to make a broader transition to electric vehicles. This may be a long process and will depend on the safety, reliability, efficiency and quality of Arrival’s vehicles, as well as the support and service that Arrival offers. It will also depend on factors outside of Arrival’s control, such as general market conditions and broader trends in fleet management and vehicle electrification, that could impact customer buying decisions. As a result, there is significant uncertainty regarding demand for Arrival’s products and the pace and levels of growth that Arrival will be able to achieve.

Arrival’s growth is dependent upon the adoption of electric vehicles by operators of commercial vehicle fleets and on Arrival’s ability to produce, sell and service vehicles that meet their needs. The entry of commercial electric vehicles into the medium-duty commercial vehicle market is a relatively new development, particularly in the United States, and is characterized by rapidly changing technologies and evolving government regulation, industry standards and customer views of the merits of using electric vehicles in their businesses. This process has been slow to date. As part of Arrival’s sales efforts, Arrival must educate fleet managers as to what Arrival believes are the economical savings during the life of the vehicle and the lower “total cost of ownership” of Arrival’s vehicles. As such, Arrival believes that operators of commercial vehicle fleets will consider many factors when deciding whether to purchase Arrival’s commercial electric vehicles (or commercial electric vehicles generally) or vehicles powered by internal combustion engines, particularly diesel-fueled or natural gas-fueled vehicles. Arrival believes these factors include:

•

the difference in the initial purchase prices of commercial electric vehicles with comparable vehicles powered by internal combustion engines, both including and excluding the effect of government and other subsidies and incentives designed to promote the purchase of electric vehicles;

•

the total cost of ownership of the vehicle over its expected life, which includes the initial purchase price and ongoing operating and maintenance costs;

•

the availability and terms of financing options for purchases of vehicles and, for commercial electric vehicles, financing options for battery systems;

•

the availability of tax and other governmental incentives to purchase and operate electric vehicles and future regulations requiring increased use of nonpolluting vehicles;

•

government regulations and economic incentives promoting fuel efficiency and alternate forms of energy;

•

fuel prices, including volatility in the cost of diesel or a prolonged period of low gasoline and natural gas costs that could decrease incentives to transition to electric vehicles;

•

the cost and availability of other alternatives to diesel fueled vehicles, such as vehicles powered by natural gas;

•

corporate sustainability initiatives;

•

commercial electric vehicle quality, performance and safety (particularly with respect to lithium-ion battery packs);

•

the quality and availability of service for the vehicle, including the availability of replacement parts;

•

the limited range over which commercial electric vehicles may be driven on a single battery charge;

•

access to charging stations and related infrastructure costs, and standardization of electric vehicle charging systems;

•

electric grid capacity and reliability; and

•

macroeconomic factors.

If, in weighing these factors, operators of commercial vehicle fleets determine that there is not a compelling business justification for purchasing commercial electric vehicles, particularly those that Arrival will produce and sell, then the market for commercial electric vehicles may not develop as Arrival expects or may develop more slowly than Arrival expects, which would adversely affect Arrival’s business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

In addition, any reduction, elimination or selective application of tax and other governmental incentives and subsidies because of policy changes, the reduced need for such subsidies and incentives due to the perceived success of the electric vehicle, fiscal tightening or other reasons may result in the diminished competitiveness of the electric vehicle industry generally or Arrival’s electric vehicles in particular, which would adversely affect Arrival’s business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. Further, Arrival cannot assure that the current governmental incentives and subsidies available for purchasers of electric vehicles will remain available.

The UPS order for 10,000 vehicles (with a UPS option to purchase up to an additional 10,000 vehicles) constitutes the only agreement in place with respect to the order of Arrival vehicles with other potential orders as either letters of intent or in late stage sales discussions. The vehicle volumes to be purchased pursuant to the UPS order may be modified or cancelled by UPS at any time in its sole discretion without penalty. If the UPS order is cancelled or modified, or any other arrangements are terminated, and Arrival has not received additional orders from other customers, its business, prospects, financial condition and operating results will be materially adversely affected. Arrival has letters of intent for the Arrival Bus but does not currently have any agreement in place with respect to the order of the Arrival Bus, as orders typically require a trial which is expected to occur in the second quarter of 2021.

Arrival has arrangements with strategic, development and deployment partners and collaborators. Some of these arrangements are evidenced by memorandums of understanding, non-binding letters of intent, early stage agreements that are used for design and development purposes but will require renegotiation at later stages of development or production or master agreements that have yet to be implemented under separately negotiated statements of work, each of which could be terminated or may not materialize into next-stage contracts or long-term contract partnership arrangements. In addition, Arrival does not currently have arrangements in place that will allow it to fully execute its business plan, including, without limitation, final supply and manufacturing agreements and fleet service and management agreements. Moreover, existing or future arrangements may contain limitations on Arrival’s ability to enter into strategic, development and deployment arrangements with other partners. For example, the Business Collaboration Agreement with Hyundai Motor Company (“Hyundai”) and Kia Corporation (“Kia”, and together with Hyundai, “HKMC”), pursuant to which Arrival and Hyundai have agreed, among things to jointly develop vehicles using Arrival’s technologies, prevents Arrival from developing electric vehicles with other traditional original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) until November 3, 2022. If Arrival is unable to maintain such arrangements and agreements, or if such agreements or arrangements contain other restrictions from or limitations on developing electric vehicles with other strategic partners, its business, prospects, financial condition and operating results may be materially and adversely affected.

Arrival’s business model depends in large part on its ability to execute its plans to manufacture, market, deploy and service its electric vehicles at microfactories. Arrival’s reliance on this production model will be subject to risks, including that Arrival:

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may require a larger than anticipated factory footprint, which would increase Arrival’s costs of setting up the microfactories and would significantly delay production of its vehicles;

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may not be able to reach its rate of production targets within its microfactories for its primary products, which would reduce its ability to be profitable;

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may not be able to locate existing buildings meeting the requirements for its microfactories with respect to size, shape, power supply, and strength of construction, which would increase its costs of setting up the microfactories and would significantly delay production of its vehicles;

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may not be able to build the expected number of microfactories, which would reduce its production targets and have a material adverse impact on its results of operations and financial condition; and

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may experience higher local wages and supplier costs than expected in local regions, resulting in higher operating costs and reducing its ability to be profitable.

Arrival currently has three microfactories in active development, one in Rock Hill, South Carolina, USA, one in Charlotte, North Carolina, USA and one in Bicester, UK. These microfactories are expected to start production in the fourth quarter of 2021, the third quarter of 2022 and the third quarter of 2022, respectively. Arrival plans to have four microfactories in operation by the end of 2022, 11 by the end of 2023 and 31 by the end of 2024. Due to the relatively short commissioning times of the Arrival microfactory, the exact locations of the microfactories that will follow Rock Hill, South Carolina, USA, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA and Bicester, UK are yet to be determined.

In addition, Arrival intends to establish a “back office” in each microfactory to handle customary administrative and support services such as local payroll processes and tax and company registrations. Any inability to do so, or delays in doing so, could adversely affect Arrival’s ability to operate its business and delay productions of its vehicles.

If any of the foregoing issues occur, and Arrival is unable to execute on its microfactory production business model, Arrival’s business, prospects, financial condition and operating results may be materially and adversely affected.

Arrival may encounter obstacles outside of its control that slow market adoption of electric vehicles, such as regulatory requirements or infrastructure limitations.

Arrival’s growth is highly dependent upon the adoption of electric vehicles by the commercial and municipal fleet industry. The target demographics for Arrival’s electric vehicles are highly competitive. If the market for electric vehicles does not develop at the rate or in the manner or to the extent that Arrival expects, or if critical assumptions Arrival has made regarding the efficiency of its electric vehicles are incorrect or incomplete, Arrival’s business, prospects, financial condition and operating results will be harmed. The fleet market for electric vehicles is new and untested and is characterized by rapidly changing technologies, price competition, numerous competitors, including OEMs, evolving government regulation and industry standards and uncertain customer demands and behaviors.

Arrival’s growth depends upon Arrival’s ability to maintain relationships with Arrival’s existing suppliers, source suppliers for Arrival’s critical components, and complete building out Arrival’s supply chain, while effectively managing the risks due to such relationships.

Arrival’s growth will be dependent upon Arrival’s ability to enter into supplier agreements and maintain its relationships with suppliers who are critical and necessary to the output and production of Arrival’s vehicles. Arrival also relies on a small group of suppliers to provide Arrival with the components for Arrival’s vehicles. The supply agreements Arrival has or may enter into with key suppliers in the future may have provisions where such agreements can be terminated in various circumstances, including potentially without cause. If these suppliers become unable to provide or experience delays in providing components or the supply agreements Arrival has in place are terminated, it may be difficult to find replacement components. Changes in business conditions, pandemics, governmental changes, and other factors beyond Arrival’s control or that Arrival does not presently anticipate could affect Arrival’s ability to receive components from Arrival’s suppliers.

However, Arrival has not secured supply agreements for all of its components. Arrival may be at a disadvantage in negotiating supply agreements for the production of its vehicles due to its limited operating history. In addition, there is the possibility that finalizing the supply agreements for the parts and components of Arrival’s vehicles will cause significant disruption to Arrival’s operations, or such supply agreements could be at costs that make it difficult for Arrival to operate profitably.

If Arrival does not enter into long-term supply agreements with guaranteed pricing for critical parts or components, Arrival may be exposed to fluctuations in components, materials and equipment prices. Substantial increases in the prices for such components, materials and equipment would increase Arrival’s operating costs and could reduce Arrival’s margins if Arrival cannot recoup the increased costs. Any attempts to increase the announced or expected prices of Arrival’s vehicles in response to increased costs could be viewed negatively by Arrival’s potential customers and could adversely affect Arrival’s business, prospects, financial condition or operating results.

Arrival currently targets many customers, suppliers and partners that are large corporations with substantial negotiating power, exacting product, quality and warranty standards and potentially competitive internal solutions. If Arrival is unable to sell its products to these customers or is unable to enter into agreements with suppliers and partners on satisfactory terms, its prospects and results of operations will be adversely affected.

Many of Arrival’s current and potential customers, suppliers and partners are large, multinational corporations with substantial negotiating power relative to it and, in some instances, may have internal solutions that are competitive to Arrival’s products. These large, multinational corporations also have significant development resources, which may allow them to acquire or develop independently, or in partnership with others, competitive technologies. Meeting the technical requirements and securing design wins with any of these companies will require a substantial investment of Arrival’s time and resources. Arrival cannot assure you that its products will secure design wins from these or other companies or that it will generate meaningful revenue from the sales of its products to these key potential customers. If Arrival’s products are not selected by these large corporations or if these corporations develop or acquire competitive technology, it will have an adverse effect on Arrival’s business.

If Arrival is unable to establish and maintain confidence in its long-term business prospects among customers and analysts and within its industry or is subject to negative publicity, then its financial condition, operating results, business prospects and access to capital may suffer materially.

Customers may be less likely to purchase Arrival’s commercial electric vehicles if they are not convinced that Arrival’s business will succeed or that its service and support and other operations will continue in the long term. Similarly, suppliers and other third parties will be less likely to invest time and resources in developing business relationships with Arrival if they are not convinced that its business will succeed. Accordingly, in order to build and maintain its business, Arrival must maintain confidence among customers, suppliers, analysts, ratings agencies and other parties in its electric vehicles, long-term financial viability and business prospects. Maintaining such confidence may be particularly complicated by certain factors including those that are largely outside of Arrival’s control, such as its limited operating history, customer unfamiliarity with its electric vehicles, any delays in scaling production, delivery and service operations to meet demand, competition and uncertainty regarding the future of electric vehicles, including Arrival’s electric vehicles and Arrival’s production and sales performance compared with market expectations.

Arrival will face risks associated with any potential international expansion of its operations into new territories, including possible unfavorable regulatory, political, tax and labor conditions, which could harm its business. In

addition, in certain of these markets, Arrival may encounter incumbent competitors with established technologies and customer bases, lower prices or costs, and greater brand recognition. Arrival anticipates having international operations and subsidiaries that are subject to the legal, political, regulatory and social requirements and economic conditions in these jurisdictions. However, Arrival has no experience to date selling or leasing and servicing its vehicles internationally, and such expansion would require Arrival to make significant expenditures, including the hiring of local employees and establishing facilities, in advance of generating any revenue. Arrival will be subject to a number of risks associated with international business activities that may increase its costs, impact its ability to sell its electric vehicles and require significant management attention. These risks include:

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conforming Arrival’s electric vehicles to various international regulatory requirements where its electric vehicles are sold which requirements may change over time;

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difficulties in obtaining or complying with various licenses, approvals, certifications and other governmental authorizations necessary to manufacture, sell or service its electric vehicles in any of these jurisdictions;

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difficulty in staffing and managing foreign operations;

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difficulties attracting customers in new jurisdictions;

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foreign government taxes, regulations and permit requirements, including foreign taxes that Arrival may not be able to offset against taxes imposed upon Arrival in the U.S.;

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a heightened risk of failure to comply with corporation and employment tax laws;

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fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates, including risks related to any interest rate swap or other hedging activities Arrival undertakes;

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U.S. and foreign government trade restrictions, tariffs and price or exchange controls;

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foreign labor laws, regulations and restrictions;

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changes in diplomatic and trade relationships;

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political instability, natural disasters, global health concerns, including health pandemics such as the COVID-19 pandemic, war or events of terrorism; and

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the strength of international economies.

If Arrival fails to successfully address these risks, Arrival’s business, prospects, financial condition and operating results could be materially harmed.

Factors that may influence the fleet market adoption of electric vehicles include:

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perceptions about electric vehicle quality, safety, design, performance, reliability and cost, especially if adverse events or accidents occur that are linked to the quality or safety of electric vehicles;

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perceptions about vehicle safety in general, including the use of advanced technology, such as vehicle electronics, batteries and regenerative braking systems;

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the decline of vehicle efficiency and/or range resulting from deterioration over time in the ability of the battery to hold a charge;

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changes or improvements in the fuel economy of internal combustion engines, the vehicle and the vehicle controls or competitors’ electrified systems;

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the availability of service, charging and fueling and other associated costs for electric vehicles;

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access to sufficient charging infrastructure;

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the risk that government support for electric vehicles and infrastructure may not continue;

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volatility in the cost of energy, electricity, oil and gasoline could affect buying decisions;

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government regulations and economic incentives promoting fuel efficiency and alternate forms of energy, including new regulations mandating zero tailpipe emissions compared to overall carbon reduction;

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the availability of tax and other governmental incentives to purchase and operate electric vehicles or future regulation requiring increased use of nonpolluting vehicles; and

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macroeconomic factors.

As an example, the market price of oil has dropped since January 2020, and it is unknown to what extent any corresponding decreases in the cost of fuel may impact the market for electric vehicles. Moreover, travel restrictions and social distancing efforts in response to the COVID-19 pandemic may negatively impact the commercial bus and van fleet industry, for an unknown, but potentially lengthy, period of time. Additionally, Arrival may become subject to regulations that may require it to alter the design of its electric vehicles, which could negatively impact customer interest in Arrival’s products.

Arrival has grown its business rapidly, and expects to continue to expand its operations significantly. Any failure to manage its growth effectively could adversely affect its business, prospects, operating results and financial condition.

Any failure to manage Arrival’s growth effectively could materially and adversely affect Arrival’s business, prospects, operating results and financial condition. Arrival intends to expand its operations significantly. Arrival expects its future expansion to include:

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expanding the management team;

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hiring and training new personnel;

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leveraging consultants to assist with company growth and development;

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forecasting production and revenue;

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controlling expenses and investments in anticipation of expanded operations;

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establishing or expanding design, production, sales and service facilities;

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implementing and enhancing administrative infrastructure, systems and processes; and

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expanding into international markets.

Arrival intends to continue to hire a significant number of additional personnel, including software engineers, design and production personnel and service technicians for its electric vehicles. Because Arrival’s electric vehicles are based on a different technology platform than traditional internal combustion engines, individuals with sufficient training in electric vehicles may not be available to hire, and as a result, Arrival will need to expend significant time and expense training any newly hired employees. Competition for individuals with experience designing, producing and servicing electric vehicles and their software is intense, and Arrival may not be able to attract, integrate, train, motivate or retain additional highly qualified personnel. The failure to attract, integrate, train, motivate and retain these additional employees could seriously harm Arrival’s business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

Arrival’s business may be adversely affected by labor and union activities.

Although none of Arrival’s employees are currently represented by a labor union, it is common throughout the automobile industry generally for many employees at automobile companies to belong to a union, which can result in higher employee costs and increased risk of work stoppages. Arrival may also directly and indirectly

depend upon other companies with unionized work forces, such as parts suppliers and trucking and freight companies, and work stoppages or strikes organized by such unions could have a material adverse impact on Arrival’s business, financial condition or operating results.

Arrival’s limited operating history makes it difficult for Arrival to evaluate Arrival’s future business prospects.

Arrival is a company with an extremely limited operating history, and has generated no revenue to date. As Arrival attempts to transition from research and development activities to commercial production and sales, it is difficult, if not impossible, to forecast Arrival’s future results, and Arrival has limited insight into trends that may emerge and affect Arrival’s business. The estimated costs and timelines that Arrival has developed to reach full scale commercial production are subject to inherent risks and uncertainties involved in the transition from a start-up company focused on research and development activities to the large-scale manufacture and sale of vehicles. There can be no assurance that Arrival’s estimates related to the costs and timing necessary to complete design and engineering of its electric vehicles and to tool its microfactories will prove accurate. These are complex processes that may be subject to delays, cost overruns and other unforeseen issues. For example, the tooling required within Arrival’s microfactories may be more expensive to produce than predicted, or have a shorter lifespan, resulting in additional replacement and maintenance costs, particularly relating to composite panel tooling, which could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and financial condition. Similarly, Arrival may experience higher raw material waste in the composite process than it expects, resulting in higher operating costs and hampering its ability to be profitable.

In addition, Arrival has engaged in limited marketing activities to date, so even if Arrival is able to bring its electric vehicles to market on time and on budget, there can be no assurance that fleet customers will embrace Arrival’s products in significant numbers. Market conditions, many of which are outside of Arrival’s control and subject to change, including general economic conditions, the availability and terms of financing, the impacts and ongoing uncertainties created by the COVID-19 pandemic, fuel and energy prices, regulatory requirements and incentives, competition and the pace and extent of vehicle electrification generally, will impact demand for Arrival’s electric vehicles, and ultimately Arrival’s success.

While Arrival plans to obtain raw materials and components from multiple sources whenever possible, some of the raw materials and components used in its vehicles will be purchased by Arrival from a single or limited source, such as LG Energy Solution, Ltd. (as assignee of LG Chem Ltd., “LG Chem”) who has agreed to manufacture and supply lithium ion battery cells for Arrival’s vehicles. While Arrival believes that it may be able to establish alternate supply relationships and can obtain or engineer replacement raw materials and components for its single or limited source raw materials and components, Arrival may be unable to do so in the short term (or at all) at prices or quality levels that are acceptable to it, leaving Arrival susceptible to supply shortages, long lead times for components and cancellations and supply changes. In addition, Arrival could experience delays if its suppliers do not meet agreed upon timelines or experience capacity constraints.

Any disruption in the supply of raw materials or components, whether or not from a single or limited source supplier, could temporarily disrupt production of Arrival’s vehicles until an alternative supplier is able to supply the required raw materials or components. Changes in business conditions, unforeseen circumstances, governmental changes, and other factors beyond Arrival’s control or which it does not presently anticipate, could also affect its suppliers’ ability to deliver raw materials or components to Arrival on a timely basis. Any of the foregoing could materially and adversely affect Arrival’s results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

As Arrival grows rapidly and expands into multiple global markets, there is a risk that Arrival will fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls and its ability to produce timely and accurate financial statements or comply with applicable regulations could be adversely affected. Arrival may identify material weaknesses in its internal controls over financing reporting which it may not be able to remedy in a timely manner.

As a public company, Arrival will operate in an increasingly demanding regulatory environment, which requires it to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), the regulations of Nasdaq, the rules and regulations of the SEC, expanded disclosure requirements, accelerated reporting requirements and more complex accounting rules. Company responsibilities required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act include establishing corporate oversight and adequate internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures. Effective internal controls are necessary for Arrival to produce reliable financial reports and are important to help prevent financial fraud. Commencing with its fiscal year ending December 31, 2021, Arrival must perform system and process evaluation and testing of its internal controls over financial reporting to allow management to report on the effectiveness of its internal controls over financial reporting in its Form 20-F filing for that year, as required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Prior to the closing of the Business Combination, Arrival has never been required to test its internal controls within a specified period and, as a result, it may experience difficulty in meeting these reporting requirements in a timely manner.

Arrival anticipates that the process of building its accounting and financial functions and infrastructure will require significant additional professional fees, internal costs and management efforts. Arrival expects that it will need to implement a new internal system to combine and streamline the management of its financial, accounting, human resources and other functions. However, such a system would likely require Arrival to complete many processes and procedures for the effective use of the system or to run its business using the system, which may result in substantial costs. Any disruptions or difficulties in implementing or using such a system could adversely affect Arrival’s controls and harm its business. Moreover, such disruption or difficulties could result in unanticipated costs and diversion of management’s attention. Arrival’s internal control over financial reporting will not prevent or detect all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud will be detected.

If Arrival is not able to comply with the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in a timely manner, or if it is unable to maintain proper and effective internal controls, Arrival may not be able to produce timely and accurate financial statements. If Arrival cannot provide reliable financial reports or prevent fraud, its business and results of operations could be harmed, investors could lose confidence in its reported financial information and Arrival could be subject to sanctions or investigations by Nasdaq, the SEC or other regulatory authorities.

Arrival has identified material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting. This could result in material misstatements in Arrival’s historical financial reports and, if Arrival or the Company is unable to successfully remediate the material weaknesses, the accuracy and timing of the Company’s financial reporting may be adversely affected, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of the Company’s financial reports, and the market price of Ordinary Shares may be materially and adversely affected.

Although Arrival is not yet subject to the certification or attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, in connection with the audit of Arrival’s consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, in preparation for this prospectus, Arrival’s management and its independent registered public accounting firm identified deficiencies that Arrival concluded represented material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting primarily attributable to its lack of an effective control structure and sufficient financial reporting and accounting personnel. SEC guidance defines a material weakness

as a deficiency or combination of deficiencies in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

Arrival is in the process of designing and implementing measures to improve its internal control over financial reporting to remediate the material weaknesses related to its financial reporting as of the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 primarily by implementing additional review procedures within its accounting and finance department, hiring additional accounting and compliance staff and designing and implementing information technology and application controls in its financially significant systems, engaging consultants to assist it in documenting and improving its system of internal controls, as well as by implementing appropriate accounting infrastructure. At the time of this prospectus, these material weaknesses have not been remediated.

While Arrival is designing and implementing measures to remediate the material weaknesses, it cannot predict the success of such measures or the outcome of its assessment of these measures at this time. Arrival can give no assurance that these measures will remediate either of the deficiencies in internal control or that additional material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting will not be identified in the future. The Company’s failure to implement and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could result in errors in its financial statements that may lead to a restatement of its financial statements or cause it to fail to meet its reporting obligations. If a material weakness was identified and the Company is unable to assert that its internal control over financial reporting is effective, or when required in the future, if the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm is unable to express an unqualified opinion as to the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of the Company’s financial reports, the market price of Ordinary Shares could be adversely affected and the Company could become subject to litigation or investigations by Nasdaq, the SEC, or other regulatory authorities, which could require additional financial and management resources.

Arrival vehicles will use a substantial amount of third-party and in-house software codes and complex hardware to operate. The development of such advanced technologies is inherently complex, and Arrival will need to coordinate with its vendors and suppliers in order to reach production for its electric vehicles. Defects and errors may be revealed over time and Arrival’s control over the performance of third-party services and systems may be limited. Thus, Arrival’s potential inability to develop the necessary software and technology systems may harm its competitive position.

Arrival is relying on third-party suppliers to develop a number of emerging technologies for use in its products, including lithium ion battery technology. These technologies are not today, and may not ever be, commercially viable. There can be no assurances that Arrival’s suppliers will be able to meet the technological requirements, production timing, and volume requirements to support its business plan. In addition, the technology may not comply with the cost, performance useful life and warranty characteristics Arrival anticipates in its business plan. As a result, Arrival’s business plan could be significantly impacted, and Arrival may incur significant liabilities under warranty claims which could adversely affect its business, prospects, and results of operations.

Arrival’s electric vehicles may contain defects in design and production that may cause them not to perform as expected or may require repair. Arrivals’ products (including vehicles and components) have not completed testing and Arrival currently has a limited frame of reference by which to evaluate the performance of its electric

vehicles upon which its business prospects depend. There can be no assurance that Arrival will be able to detect and fix any defects in its electric vehicles. Arrival may experience recalls in the future, which could adversely affect Arrival’s brand and could adversely affect its business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. Arrival’s electric vehicles may not perform consistent with customers’ expectations or consistent with other vehicles which may become available. Any product defects or any other failure of Arrival’s electric vehicles and software to perform as expected could harm Arrival’s reputation and result in a significant cost due to warranty replacement and other expenses, a loss of customer goodwill due to failing to meet maintenance targets in Arrival’s total cost of ownership calculations, adverse publicity, lost revenue, delivery delays, product recalls and product liability claims and could have a material adverse impact on Arrival’s business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. Additionally, discovery of such defects may result in a decrease in the residual value of Arrival’s vehicles, which may materially harm its business. Moreover, problems and defects experienced by other electric vehicle companies could by association have a negative impact on perception and customer demand for Arrival’s electric vehicles.

Arrival may become subject to product liability claims, which could harm its financial condition and liquidity if it is not able to successfully defend or insure against such claims.

Product liability claims, even those without merit or those that do not involve Arrival’s products, could harm Arrival’s business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. The automobile industry in particular experiences significant product liability claims, and Arrival faces inherent risk of exposure to claims in the event Arrival’s electric vehicles do not perform or are claimed to not have performed as expected. As is true for other commercial vehicle suppliers, Arrival expects in the future that its electric vehicles may be involved in crashes resulting in death or personal injury. Additionally, product liability claims that affect Arrival’s competitors may cause indirect adverse publicity for Arrival and its products.

A successful product liability claim against Arrival could require Arrival to pay a substantial monetary award. Arrival’s risks in this area are particularly pronounced given the relatively limited number of electric vehicles delivered to date and limited field experience of Arrival’s products. Moreover, a product liability claim against Arrival or its competitors could generate substantial negative publicity about Arrival’s products and business and could have a material adverse effect on Arrival’s brand, business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. In most jurisdictions, Arrival generally self-insures against the risk of product liability claims for vehicle exposure, meaning that any product liability claims will likely have to be paid from company funds, not by insurance.

If Arrival is sued for infringing or misappropriating intellectual property rights of third parties, litigation could be costly and time consuming and could prevent Arrival from developing or commercializing its future products.

Companies, organizations, or individuals, including Arrival’s competitors, may hold or obtain patents, trademarks or other proprietary rights that would prevent, limit or interfere with Arrival’s ability to make, use, develop, sell or market its vehicles or components, which could make it more difficult for Arrival to operate its business. From time to time, Arrival may receive communications from holders of patents or trademarks regarding their proprietary rights. Companies holding patents or other intellectual property rights may bring suits alleging infringement of such rights or otherwise assert their rights and urge Arrival to take licenses. Arrival’s applications and uses of trademarks relating to its design, software or technologies could be found to infringe upon existing trademark ownership and rights. In addition, if Arrival is determined to have infringed upon a third party’s intellectual property rights, it may be required to do one or more of the following:

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cease selling, incorporating certain components into, or using vehicles or offering goods or services that incorporate or use the challenged intellectual property;

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pay substantial damages;

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seek a license from the holder of the infringed intellectual property right, which license may not be available on reasonable terms, or at all;

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redesign its vehicles or other goods or services; or

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establish and maintain alternative branding for its products and services.

In the event of a successful claim of infringement against Arrival and Arrival’s failure or inability to obtain a license to the infringed technology or other intellectual property right, Arrival’s business, prospects, operating results and financial condition could be materially and adversely affected. In addition, any litigation or claims, whether or not valid, could result in substantial costs, negative publicity and diversion of resources and management attention.

Arrival may incur significant costs and expenses in connection with protecting and enforcing its intellectual property rights, including through litigation. Additionally, even if Arrival is able to take measures to protect its intellectual property, third-parties may independently develop technologies that are the same or similar to Arrival.

Arrival may not be able to prevent others from unauthorized use of its intellectual property, which could harm its business and competitive position. Arrival relies on a combination of patents, trade secrets (including know-how), employee and third-party nondisclosure agreements, copyrights, trademarks, intellectual property licenses, and other contractual rights to establish and protect its rights in its technology. Despite Arrival’s efforts to protect its proprietary rights, third parties may attempt to copy or otherwise obtain and use Arrival’s intellectual property or seek court declarations that they do not infringe upon its intellectual property rights. Monitoring unauthorized use of Arrival’s intellectual property is difficult and costly, and the steps Arrival has taken or will take may not prevent misappropriation. From time to time, Arrival may have to resort to litigation to enforce its intellectual property rights, which could result in substantial costs and diversion of its resources.

Patent, trademark, and trade secret laws vary significantly throughout the world. A number of foreign countries do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United States. Therefore, Arrival’s intellectual property rights may not be as strong or as easily enforced outside of the United States. Failure to adequately protect Arrival’s intellectual property rights could result in its competitors offering similar products, potentially resulting in the loss of some of Arrival’s competitive advantage and a decrease in its revenue which, would adversely affect its business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

Patent applications which have been submitted to the authorities may not result in granted patents or may require the applications to be modified in order for patent coverage to be obtained.

Arrival cannot be certain that it is the first inventor of the subject matter to which it has filed a particular patent application, or if it is the first party to file such a patent application. If another party has filed a patent application to the same subject matter as Arrival has, Arrival may not be entitled to the protection sought by the patent application. Further, the scope of protection of issued patent claims is often difficult to determine. As a result, Arrival cannot be certain that the patent applications that it files will issue, that the authorities will not require the applications to be modified in order for patent coverage to be obtained or that our issued patents will afford protection against competitors with similar technology. In addition, Arrival’s competitors may design around its issued patents, which may adversely affect its business, prospects, financial condition or operating results.

Arrival vehicles will make use of lithium-ion battery cells, which can be dangerous under certain circumstances (including the possibility that such cells catch fire or vent smoke and flame).

The battery packs within Arrival’s electric vehicles will make use of lithium-ion cells. On rare occasions, lithium-ion cells can rapidly release the energy they contain by venting smoke and flames in a manner that can ignite nearby materials as well as other lithium-ion cells. While the battery pack is designed to contain any single

cell’s release of energy without spreading to neighboring cells, a field or testing failure of Arrival’s vehicles or other battery packs that it produces could occur, which could subject Arrival to lawsuits, product recalls, or redesign efforts, all of which would be time consuming and expensive. Also, negative public perceptions regarding the suitability of lithium-ion cells for automotive applications or any future incident involving lithium-ion cells, such as a vehicle or other fire, even if such incident does not involve Arrival’s vehicles, could seriously harm its business and reputation.

In addition, Arrival intends to store its battery packs in its microfactories prior to installation in its electric vehicles. Any mishandling of battery cells may cause disruption to the operation of Arrival’s microfactories. While Arrival has implemented safety procedures related to the handling of the cells, a safety issue or fire related to the cells could disrupt its operations. Such damage or injury could lead to adverse publicity and potentially a safety recall. Moreover, any failure of a competitor’s electric vehicle or energy storage product may cause indirect adverse publicity for Arrival and its products. Such adverse publicity could negatively affect Arrival’s brand and harm its business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

Arrival will rely on complex robotic assembly and component manufacturing for its production, which involves a significant degree of risk and uncertainty in terms of operational performance and costs.

Arrival will rely on complex robotic assembly and component manufacturing for the production and assembly of its electric vehicles, which will involve a significant degree of uncertainty and risk in terms of operational performance and costs. Arrival’s microfactories will contain large-scale machinery combining many components. These components may suffer unexpected malfunctions from time to time and will depend on repairs and spare parts to resume operations, which may not be available when needed. Unexpected malfunctions of these components may significantly affect the intended operational efficiency. In addition, Arrival may encounter technical and/or validation difficulties with its components that it is unable to overcome and as a result Arrival may have to source more external components than planned and/or may not be able to achieve target prices in production components. Operational performance and costs can be difficult to predict and are often influenced by factors outside of Arrival’s control, such as, but not limited to, scarcity of natural resources, environmental hazards and remediation, costs associated with decommissioning of machines, labor disputes and strikes, difficulty or delays in obtaining governmental permits, damages or defects in electronic systems, industrial accidents, fire, seismic activity and natural disasters. Should operational risks materialize, it may result in the personal injury to or death of workers, the loss of production equipment, damage to production facilities, monetary losses, delays and unanticipated fluctuations in production, environmental damage, administrative fines, increased insurance costs and potential legal liabilities, all which could have a material adverse effect on Arrival’s business, prospects, financial condition or operating results.

Arrival may not succeed in establishing, maintaining and strengthening the Arrival brand, which would materially and adversely affect customer acceptance of its vehicles and components and its business, revenues and prospects.

Arrival’s business and prospects heavily depend on its ability to develop, maintain and strengthen the Arrival brand. If Arrival is not able to establish, maintain and strengthen its brand, it may lose the opportunity to build a critical mass of customers. Arrival’s ability to develop, maintain and strengthen the Arrival brand will depend heavily on the success of its marketing efforts. The automobile industry is intensely competitive, and Arrival may not be successful in building, maintaining and strengthening its brand. Arrival’s current and potential competitors, particularly automobile manufacturers headquartered in the United States, Japan, the European Union and China, have greater name recognition, broader customer relationships and substantially greater marketing resources than Arrival does. If Arrival does not develop and maintain a strong brand, its business, prospects, financial condition and operating results will be materially and adversely impacted.

The efficiency of a battery’s use over time when driving electric vehicles will decline over time, which may negatively influence potential customers’ decisions whether to purchase Arrival’s electric vehicles.

The cells used in the Arrival battery modules degrade over time, influenced primarily by the age of the cells and the total energy throughput over the life of the electric vehicle. This cell degradation results in a corresponding reduction in the vehicle’s range. During typical use, the degradation is 2-3% per year, which can result in the vehicle having only 70% of its original range after ten years. Although common to all electric vehicles, cell degradation, and the related decrease in range, may negatively influence potential customer’s electric vehicle purchase decisions.

Arrival is likely to face competition from a number of sources, which may impair its revenues, increase its costs to acquire new customers, and hinder its ability to acquire new customers.

The vehicle electrification market has expanded significantly since Arrival was founded in 2015. The commercial vehicle electrification market in which Arrival operates features direct competition which includes traditional OEMs producing electric vehicles, including but not limited to Daimler AG, Volkswagen, Fiat, Ford and General Motors and electrification solution providers such as Rivian, Hyliion, Workhorse Group Inc., Nikola, Proterra and Evobus, OEMs that have traditionally focused on the consumer market may expand into the commercial markets. If these companies or other OEMs or providers of electrification solutions expand into the commercial markets, Arrival will face increased direct competition, which may impair Arrival’s revenues, increase its costs to acquire new customers, hinder its ability to acquire new customers, have a material adverse effect on Arrival’s product prices, market share, revenue and profitability.

Arrival may not be able to accurately estimate the supply and demand for its vehicles, which could result in a variety of inefficiencies in its business and hinder its ability to generate revenue. If Arrival fails to accurately predict its manufacturing requirements, it could incur additional costs or experience delays.

It is difficult to predict Arrival’s future revenues and appropriately budget for its expenses, and Arrival may have limited insight into trends that may emerge and affect its business. Arrival will be required to provide forecasts of its demand to its suppliers several months prior to the scheduled delivery of products to its prospective customers. Currently, there is no historical basis for making judgments on the demand for Arrival’s vehicles or its ability to develop, manufacture, and deliver vehicles, or Arrival’s profitability in the future. If Arrival overestimates its requirements, its suppliers may have excess inventory, which indirectly would increase Arrival’s costs. If Arrival underestimates its requirements, its suppliers may have inadequate inventory, which could interrupt manufacturing of its products and result in delays in shipments and revenues. In addition, lead times for materials and components that Arrival’s suppliers order may vary significantly and depend on factors such as the specific supplier, contract terms and demand for each component at a given time. If Arrival fails to order sufficient quantities of product components in a timely manner, the delivery of vehicles to its customers could be delayed, which would harm Arrival’s business, financial condition and operating results.

The markets in which Arrival operates are highly competitive, and it may not be successful in competing in these industries. Arrival currently faces competition from new and established domestic and international competitors and expects to face competition from others in the future, including competition from companies with new technologies.

Both the automobile industry generally, and the electric vehicle segment in particular, are highly competitive, and Arrival will be competing for sales with both internal combustion engine vehicles and other electric vehicles. Many of Arrival’s current and potential competitors have significantly greater financial, technical, manufacturing, marketing and other resources than Arrival does and may be able to devote greater resources to the design, development, manufacturing, distribution, promotion, sale and support of their products, including their electric vehicles. Arrival expects competition for electric vehicles to intensify due to increased demand and a regulatory push for alternative fuel vehicles, continuing globalization, and consolidation in the worldwide

automotive industry. Factors affecting competition include product quality and features, innovation and development time, pricing, reliability, safety, fuel economy, customer service, and financing terms. Continued or increased price competition in the automotive industry generally, and in “green” vehicles in particular, may harm Arrival’s business. Increased competition may lead to lower vehicle unit sales and increased inventory, which may result in downward price pressure and adversely affect Arrival’s business, financial condition, operating results, and prospects.

The automotive industry and its technology are rapidly evolving and may be subject to unforeseen changes. Developments in alternative technologies, including but not limited to hydrogen, may adversely affect the demand for Arrival’s electric vehicles.

Arrival may be unable to keep up with changes in electric vehicle technology or alternatives to electricity as a fuel source and, as a result, its competitiveness may suffer. Developments in alternative technologies, such as advanced diesel, ethanol, fuel cells, or compressed natural gas, or improvements in the fuel economy of the internal combustion engine, may materially and adversely affect Arrival’s business and prospects in ways Arrival does not currently anticipate. Any failure by Arrival to successfully react to changes in existing technologies could materially harm its competitive position and growth prospects.

Arrival’s electric vehicles will compete for market share with vehicles powered by other vehicle technologies that may prove to be more attractive than Arrival’s vehicle technologies.

Arrival’s target market currently is serviced by manufacturers with existing customers and suppliers using proven and widely accepted fuel technologies. Additionally, Arrival’s competitors are working on developing technologies that may be introduced in Arrival’s target market. Similarly, improvement in competitor performance or technology may result in the infrastructure required to operate Arrival vehicles, such as for charging, becoming comparatively expensive and reducing the economic attractiveness of our vehicles. If any of these alternative technology vehicles can provide lower fuel costs, greater efficiencies, greater reliability or otherwise benefit from other factors resulting in an overall lower total cost of ownership, this may negatively affect the commercial success of Arrival’s vehicles or make Arrival’s vehicles uncompetitive or obsolete.

If any of Arrival’s suppliers become economically distressed or go bankrupt, Arrival may be required to provide substantial financial support or take other measures to ensure supplies of components or materials, which could increase its costs, affect its liquidity or cause production disruptions.

Arrival expects to purchase various types of equipment, raw materials and manufactured component parts from its suppliers. If these suppliers experience substantial financial difficulties, cease operations, or otherwise face business disruptions, Arrival may be required to provide substantial financial support to ensure supply continuity or would have to take other measures to ensure components and materials remain available. Any disruption could affect Arrival’s ability to deliver vehicles and could increase Arrival’s costs and negatively affect its liquidity and financial performance.

Increases in costs, disruption of supply or shortage of materials, in particular for lithium-ion battery cells, could harm Arrival’s business.

Arrival and its suppliers may experience increases in the cost of or a sustained interruption in the supply or shortage of materials. Any such increase, supply interruption or shortage could materially and negatively impact Arrival’s business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. Arrival and its suppliers use various materials in their businesses and products, including for example lithium-ion battery cells and steel, and the prices for these materials fluctuate. The available supply of these materials may be unstable, depending on market conditions and global demand, including as a result of increased production of electric vehicles by

Arrival’s competitors, and could adversely affect Arrival’s business and operating results. For instance, Arrival is exposed to multiple risks relating to lithium-ion battery cells. These risks include:

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an increase in the cost, or decrease in the available supply, of materials used in the cells;

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disruption in the supply of cells due to quality issues or recalls by battery cell manufacturers; and

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fluctuations in the value of any foreign currencies in which battery cell and related raw material purchases are or may be denominated against the purchasing entity’s operating currency.

Arrival’s business is dependent on the continued supply of battery cells for the battery packs used in Arrival’s electric vehicles. While Arrival has entered into an agreement with LG Chem to provide it with lithium ion battery cells, Arrival may have limited flexibility in changing its supplier in the event of any disruption in the supply of battery cells which could disrupt production of Arrival’s electric vehicles. Furthermore, fluctuations or shortages in petroleum and other economic conditions may cause Arrival to experience significant increases in freight charges and material costs. Substantial increases in the prices for Arrival’s materials or prices charged to it, such as those charged by battery cell suppliers, would increase Arrival’s operating costs, and could reduce its margins if the increased costs cannot be recouped through increased commercial vehicle sales prices. Any attempts to increase product prices in response to increased material costs could result in cancellations of orders and therefore materially and adversely affect Arrival’s brand, image, business, prospects and operating results.

Arrival is subject to governmental export and import control laws and regulations. Arrival’s failure to comply with these laws and regulations could have an adverse effect on its business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

Arrival’s products and solutions are subject to export control and import laws and regulations, including the U.S. Export Administration Regulations, U.S. Customs regulations and various economic and trade sanctions regulations administered by the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control. U.S. export control laws and regulations and economic sanctions prohibit the shipment of certain products and services to U.S. embargoed or sanctioned countries, governments and persons. In addition, complying with export control and sanctions regulations for a particular sale may be time-consuming and result in the delay or loss of sales opportunities.

Exports of Arrival’s products and technology must be made in compliance with these laws and regulations. For example, Arrival may require one or more licenses to import or export certain vehicles, components or technologies to its research and development teams in various countries and may experience delays in obtaining the requisite licenses to do so. Audits in connection with the application for licenses may increase areas of noncompliance that could result in delays or additional costs. If Arrival fails to comply with these laws and regulations, Arrival and certain of its employees could be subject to additional audits, substantial civil or criminal penalties, including the possible loss of export or import privileges, fines, which may be imposed on Arrival and responsible employees or managers and, in extreme cases, the incarceration of responsible employees or managers.

As Arrival expands its microfactories globally, it may encounter unforeseen import/export charges, which could increase its costs and hamper its profitability. In addition, changes in Arrival’s products or solutions or changes in applicable export or import laws and regulations may create delays in the introduction and sale of Arrival’s products and solutions in international markets, increase costs due to changes in import and export duties and taxes, prevent Arrival’s customers from deploying Arrival’s products and solutions or, in some cases, prevent the export or import of Arrival’s products and solutions to certain countries, governments or persons altogether. Any change in export or import laws and regulations, shift in the enforcement or scope of existing laws and regulations, or change in the countries, governments, persons or technologies targeted by such laws and regulations, could also result in decreased use of Arrival’s products and solutions or in Arrival’s decreased ability to export or sell its products and solutions to customers. Any decreased use of Arrival’s products and solutions or limitation on its ability to export or sell its products and solutions would likely adversely affect Arrival’s business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

The United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union, or Brexit, could result in increased regulatory, economic and political uncertainty, and impose additional challenges in securing regulatory approval of Arrival’s electric vehicles in the European Union and the rest of Europe.

The United Kingdom withdrew from the European Union effective as of January 31, 2020 and is now in a period of transition until the end of 2020. The transition period maintains all existing trading arrangements. During the transition period, the United Kingdom and the European Union will negotiate future trading arrangements. Until a final agreement has been reached, an exit without a trade agreement in place, which would result in the United Kingdom losing access to free trade agreements for goods and services with the European Union and other countries, continues to be a risk. An exit by the United Kingdom from the European Union without an agreement in place would likely lead to regulatory, political and economic uncertainty, and potentially divergent laws and regulations between the United Kingdom and the European Union.

Arrival has three microfactories in active development, one in Rock Hill, South Carolina, USA, one in Charlotte, North Carolina, USA and one in Bicester, UK, and has employees in the US, UK and other European countries. Arrival cannot predict whether or not the United Kingdom will significantly alter its current laws and regulations in respect of the electric vehicle industry and, if so, what impact any such alteration would have on Arrival or its business. Moreover, Arrival cannot predict the impact that Brexit will have on (i) the marketing of its electric vehicles or (ii) the process to obtain regulatory approval in the United Kingdom for its electric vehicles. As a result of Brexit, Arrival may experience adverse impacts on customer demand and profitability in the UK and other markets. Depending on the terms of Brexit and any subsequent trade agreement, the UK could also lose access to the single EU market, or specific countries in the EU, resulting in a negative impact on the general and economic conditions in the UK and the EU. Changes may occur in regulations that Arrival is required to comply with as well as amendments to treaties governing tax, duties, tariffs, etc. which could adversely impact its operations and require it to modify its financial and supply arrangements. For example, the imposition of any import restrictions and duties levied on its electric vehicles may make its electric vehicles more expensive and less competitive from a pricing perspective. To avoid such impacts, Arrival may have to restructure or relocate some of its operations which would be costly and negatively impact its profitability and cash flow.

Additionally, political instability in the European Union as a result of Brexit may result in a material negative effect on credit markets, currency exchange rates and foreign direct investments and any subsequent trade agreement in the EU and UK. This deterioration in economic conditions could result in increased unemployment rates, increased short- and long-term interest rates, adverse movements in exchange rates, consumer and commercial bankruptcy filings, a decline in the strength of national and local economies, and other results that negatively impact household incomes.

Furthermore, as a result of Brexit, other European countries may seek to conduct referenda with respect to their continuing membership with the European Union. Given these possibilities and others Arrival may not anticipate, as well as the absence of comparable precedent, it is unclear what financial, regulatory and legal implications the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union would have and how such withdrawal would affect Arrival, and the full extent to which its business could be adversely affected.

Arrival is subject to risks related to health epidemics and pandemics, including the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, which could adversely affect Arrival’s business and operating results.

Arrival faces various risks related to public health issues, including epidemics, pandemics, and other outbreaks, including the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The effects and potential effects of COVID-19, including, but not limited to, its impact on general economic conditions, trade and financing markets, changes in customer behavior and continuity in business operations creates significant uncertainty. The spread of COVID-19 also disrupted the manufacturing, delivery and overall supply chain of vehicle manufacturers and suppliers, and has led to a global decrease in vehicle sales in markets around the world. In particular, the COVID-19 crisis may cause a decrease in demand for Arrival’s vehicles if fleet operators delay purchases of vehicles or if fuel prices for internal

combustion engine vehicles remain low, an increase in costs resulting from Arrival’s efforts to mitigate the effects of COVID-19, delays in Arrival’s schedule to full commercial production of electric vehicles and disruptions to Arrival’s supply chain, among other negative effects.

The pandemic has resulted in government authorities implementing many measures to contain the spread of COVID-19, including travel bans and restrictions, quarantines, shelter-in-place and stay-at-home orders, and business shutdowns. These measures may be in place for a significant period of time and may be reinstituted if conditions deteriorate, which could adversely affect Arrival’s start-up and manufacturing plans. Measures that have been relaxed may be reimplemented if COVID-19 continues to spread. If, as a result of these measures, Arrival has to limit the number of employees and contractors at any microfactory at a given time, it could cause a delay in tooling efforts or in the production schedule of its electric vehicles. Further, Arrival’s sales and marketing activities may be adversely affected due to the cancellation or reduction of in-person sales activities, meetings, events and conferences. If Arrival’s workforce is unable to work effectively, including due to illness, quarantines, government actions or other restrictions in connection with COVID-19, Arrival’s operations will be adversely affected.

The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic may continue to affect Arrival’s business will depend on continued developments, which are uncertain and cannot be predicted. Even after the COVID-19 pandemic has subsided, Arrival may continue to suffer an adverse effect to Arrival’s business due to its global economic effect, including any economic recession. If the immediate or prolonged effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have a significant adverse impact on government finances, it would create uncertainty as to the continuing availability of incentives related to electric vehicle purchases and other governmental support programs.

Arrival’s success depends, in part, on its ability to retain its key personnel. Arrival is highly dependent on the services of its senior management team (including Denis Sverdlov, its Founder and Chief Executive Officer). If members of the senior management team were to discontinue their service to Arrival due to death, disability or any other reason, Arrival would be significantly disadvantaged in the event Arrival was unable to appoint suitable replacements in a timely manner. The unexpected loss of or failure to retain one or more of Arrival’s key employees could adversely affect Arrival’s business. Arrival will evaluate whether to obtain key man life insurance policies. Any failure by Arrival’s management team and Arrival’s employees to perform as expected may have a material adverse effect on Arrival’s business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

Arrival’s success depends, in part, on its ability to attract and recruit key personnel. If Arrival is unable to attract key employees and hire qualified management, technical and vehicle engineering personnel, its ability to compete could be harmed.

Arrival’s success depends, in part, on its continuing ability to identify, hire, attract, train and develop other highly qualified personnel, Experienced and highly skilled employees are in high demand and competition for these employees can be intense. Arrival may not be able to attract, assimilate, develop or retain qualified personnel in the future, and its failure to do so could adversely affect Arrival’s business, including the execution of its global business strategy.

The Company’s ability to successfully operate the business will be largely dependent upon the efforts of certain key personnel of Arrival.

The Company’s ability to successfully operate the business is dependent upon the efforts of key personnel of Arrival. It is possible that the Company will lose some key personnel, the loss of which could negatively impact the operations and profitability of the Company. The loss of key personnel could negatively impact the operations and profitability of the Company and its financial condition could suffer as a result.

Arrival may be subject to damages resulting from claims that it or its employees have wrongfully used or disclosed alleged trade secrets of its employees’ former employers.

Many of Arrival’s employees were previously employed by other automotive companies or by suppliers to automotive companies. Arrival may be subject to claims that it or these employees have inadvertently or otherwise used or disclosed trade secrets or other proprietary information of their former employers. Litigation may be necessary to defend against these claims. If Arrival fails in defending such claims, in addition to paying monetary damages, it may lose valuable intellectual property rights or personnel. A loss of key personnel or their work product could hamper or prevent Arrival’s ability to commercialize its products, which could severely harm its business. Even if Arrival is successful in defending against these claims, litigation could result in substantial costs and demand on management resources.

Arrival is subject to stringent and changing privacy laws, regulations and standards, information security policies and contractual obligations related to data privacy and security. Arrival’s actual or perceived failure to comply with such obligations could harm its business.

Arrival has legal and contractual obligations regarding the protection of confidentiality and appropriate use of personally identifiable information. Arrival is subject to a variety of federal, state, local and international laws, directives and regulations relating to the collection, use, retention, security, disclosure, transfer and other processing of personally identifiable information. The regulatory framework for privacy and security issues worldwide is rapidly evolving and, as a result, implementation standards and enforcement practices are likely to remain uncertain for the foreseeable future. Arrival publicly posts documentation regarding its practices concerning the collection, processing, use and disclosure of data.

Although Arrival endeavors to comply with its published policies and documentation, it may at times fail to do so or be alleged to have failed to do so. The publication of its privacy policy and other documentation that provide promises and assurances about privacy and security can subject Arrival to potential state and federal action if they are found to be deceptive, unfair or misrepresentative of its actual practices. Any failure by Arrival, its suppliers or other parties with whom it does business to comply with this documentation or with federal, state, local or international regulations could result in proceedings against Arrival by governmental entities or others. In many jurisdictions, enforcement actions and consequences for noncompliance are rising. In the United States, these include enforcement actions in response to rules and regulations promulgated under the authority of federal agencies and state attorneys general and legislatures and consumer protection agencies. In addition, privacy advocates and industry groups have regularly proposed, and may propose in the future, self-regulatory standards with which Arrival must legally comply or that contractually apply to it. If Arrival fails to follow these security standards even if no customer information is compromised, it may incur significant fines or experience a significant increase in costs.

Internationally, virtually every jurisdiction in which Arrival operates or intends to operate has established its own data security and privacy legal framework with which it or its customers must comply, including, but not limited to, the European Union, or EU. The EU’s data protection landscape is currently unstable, resulting in possible significant operational costs for internal compliance and risk to its business. The EU has adopted the General Data Protection Regulation, or the GDPR, which went into effect in May 2018 and contains numerous requirements and changes from previously existing EU law, including more robust obligations on data processors and heavier documentation requirements for data protection compliance programs by companies. Among other requirements, the GDPR regulates transfers of personal data subject to the GDPR to third countries that have not been found to provide adequate protection to such personal data, including the United States. While Arrival has taken steps to mitigate the impact on it with respect to transfers of data, the efficacy and longevity of these transfer mechanisms remains uncertain. Specifically, the EU-U.S. Privacy Shield, under which Arrival was transferring personal data from the EU to the U.S., was invalidated by the European Courts in July 2020. While other transfer mechanisms are still technically valid, the European Data Protection Board recently issued draft guidance requiring additional measures be implemented to protect EU personal data from foreign law

enforcement, including in the U.S. These additional measures may require Arrival to spend additional resources to comply.

The GDPR also introduced numerous privacy-related changes for companies operating in the EU, including greater control for data subjects (including, for example, the “right to be forgotten”), increased data portability for EU consumers, data breach notification requirements and increased fines. In particular, under the GDPR, fines of up to 20 million Euros or up to 4% of the annual global revenue of the noncompliant company, whichever is greater, could be imposed for violations of certain of the GDPR’s requirements. Such penalties are in addition to any civil litigation claims by customers and data subjects. The GDPR requirements apply not only to third-party transactions, but also to transfers of information between us and our subsidiaries, including employee information.

In addition to the GDPR, the European Commission has another draft regulation in the approval process that focuses on a person’s right to conduct a private life (in contrast to the GDPR, which focuses on protection of personal data). The proposed legislation, known as the Regulation on Privacy and Electronic Communications, or ePrivacy Regulation, would replace the current ePrivacy Directive. While the new legislation contains protections for those using communications services (for example, protections against online tracking technologies), the timing of its proposed enactment following the GDPR means that additional time and effort may need to be spent addressing differences between the ePrivacy Regulation and the GDPR. New rules related to the ePrivacy Regulation are likely to include enhanced consent requirements in order to use communications content and communications metadata, which may negatively impact Arrival’s products and its relationships with its customers.

Complying with the GDPR and the new ePrivacy Regulation, when it becomes effective, may cause Arrival to incur substantial operational costs or require it to change its business practices. Despite its efforts to bring practices into compliance before the effective date of ePrivacy Regulation, Arrival may not be successful in its efforts to achieve compliance either due to internal or external factors, such as resource allocation limitations or a lack of vendor cooperation. Non-compliance could result in proceedings against it by governmental entities, customers, data subjects or others. Arrival may also experience difficulty retaining or obtaining new European or multi-national customers due to the legal requirements, compliance cost, potential risk exposure and uncertainty for these entities, and it may experience significantly increased liability with respect to these customers pursuant to the terms set forth in its engagements with them.

U.S. laws in this area are also complex and developing rapidly. Many state legislatures have adopted legislation that regulates how businesses operate online, including measures relating to privacy, data security and data breaches. Laws in all 50 states require businesses to provide notice to customers whose sensitive personally identifiable information has been disclosed as a result of a data breach (e.g., information which, if exposed, could give rise to a risk of identity theft or fraud). The laws are not consistent, and compliance in the event of a widespread data breach is costly. States are also amending existing laws, requiring attention to frequently changing regulatory requirements, including requirements concerning documentation of information security policies, procedures and practices.

Because the interpretation and application of many privacy and data protection laws along with contractually imposed industry standards are uncertain, it is possible that these laws may be interpreted and applied in a manner that is inconsistent with Arrival’s existing data management practices or the features of its products and product capabilities. If so, in addition to the possibility of fines, lawsuits, regulatory investigations, imprisonment of company officials and public censure, other claims and penalties, significant costs for remediation and damage to its reputation, Arrival could be required to fundamentally change its business activities and practices or modify its products and product capabilities, any of which could have an adverse effect on its business. Any inability to adequately address privacy and security concerns, even if unfounded, or comply with applicable privacy and data security laws, regulations and policies, could result in additional cost and liability to it, damage its reputation, inhibit sales and adversely affect its business. Furthermore, the costs of compliance with, and other burdens

imposed by, the laws, regulations and policies that are applicable to the businesses of our customers may limit the use and adoption of, and reduce the overall demand for, its products. Privacy and data security concerns, whether valid or not valid, may inhibit market adoption of its products, particularly in certain industries and foreign countries. If Arrival is not able to adjust to changing laws, regulations and standards related to the internet, its business may be harmed.

Arrival, its partners and its suppliers are or may be subject to substantial regulation and unfavorable changes to, or failure by Arrival, its partners or its suppliers to comply with, these regulations could substantially harm Arrival’s business and operating results.

Arrival’s electric vehicles, and the sale of motor vehicles in general, its partners and its suppliers are or may be subject to substantial regulation under international, federal, state and local laws. Specifically, Arrival has been subject to investigation and remediation obligations under New Jersey’s Industrial Site Recovery Act (“ISRA”), and ISRA obligations may or may not remain outstanding. Arrival continues to evaluate requirements for licenses, approvals, certificates and governmental authorizations necessary to manufacture, sell or service its electric vehicles in the jurisdictions in which it plans to operate and intends to take such actions necessary to comply. Arrival may experience difficulties in obtaining or complying with various licenses, approvals, certifications and other governmental authorizations necessary to manufacture, sell, transport or service their electric vehicles in any of these jurisdictions. If Arrival, its partners or its suppliers are unable to obtain or comply with any of the licenses, approvals, certifications or other governmental authorizations necessary to carry out its operations in the jurisdictions in which they currently operate, or those jurisdictions in which they plan to operate in the future, Arrival’s business, prospects, financial condition and operating results could be materially adversely affected. Arrival expects to incur significant costs in complying with these regulations. For example, if the battery packs installed in Arrival’s electric vehicles are deemed to be transported, they will need to comply with the mandatory regulations governing the transport of “dangerous goods,” and any deficiency in compliance may result in Arrival being prohibited from selling its electric vehicles until compliant batteries are installed. Any such required changes to Arrival’s battery packs will require additional expenditures and may delay the shipment of vehicles.

In addition, regulations related to the electric and alternative energy vehicle industry are evolving and Arrival faces risks associated with changes to these regulations, including but not limited to:

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increased subsidies for corn and ethanol production, which could reduce the operating cost of vehicles that use ethanol or a combination of ethanol and gasoline;

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increased support for other alternative fuel systems, which could have an impact on the acceptance of Arrival’s electric powertrain system; and

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increased sensitivity by regulators to the needs of established automobile manufacturers with large employment bases, high fixed costs and business models based on the internal combustion engine, which could lead them to pass regulations that could reduce the compliance costs of such established manufacturers or mitigate the effects of government efforts to promote alternative fuel vehicles.

To the extent the laws change, Arrival’s electric vehicles and its suppliers’ products may not comply with applicable international, federal, state or local laws, which would have an adverse effect on Arrival’s business. Compliance with changing regulations could be burdensome, time consuming and expensive. To the extent compliance with new regulations is cost prohibitive, Arrival’s business, prospects, financial condition and operating results would be adversely affected.

Increased safety, emissions, fuel economy, or other regulations may result in higher costs, cash expenditures, and/or sales restrictions.

The motorized vehicle industry is governed by a substantial amount of government regulation, which often differs by state and region. Government regulation has arisen, and proposals for additional regulation are

advanced, primarily out of concern for the environment, vehicle safety, and energy independence. In addition, many governments regulate local product content and/or impose import requirements as a means of creating jobs, protecting domestic producers, and influencing the balance of payments. The cost to comply with existing government regulations is substantial, and future, additional regulations could have a substantial adverse impact on Arrival’s financial condition. For example, Arrival is, and will be, subject to extensive vehicle safety and testing and environmental regulations in the European Union, the United Kingdom, the United States and other jurisdictions in which it manufactures or sells its vehicles.

Arrival is subject to cybersecurity risks to its various systems and software and any material failure, weakness, interruption, cyber event, incident or breach of security could prevent Arrival from effectively operating its business.

Arrival is at risk for interruptions, outages and breaches of: (a) operational systems, including business, financial, accounting, product development, data processing or production processes, owned by Arrival or its third-party vendors or suppliers; (b) facility security systems, owned by Arrival or its third-party vendors or suppliers; (c) transmission control modules or other in-product technology, owned by Arrival or its third-party vendors or suppliers; (d) the integrated software in Arrival’s electric vehicles; or (e) customer or driver data that Arrival processes or its third-party vendors or suppliers process on its behalf. Such cyber incidents could: materially disrupt operational systems; result in loss of intellectual property, trade secrets or other proprietary or competitively sensitive information; compromise certain information of customers, employees, suppliers, drivers or others; jeopardize the security of Arrival’s microfactories; or affect the performance of transmission control modules or other in-product technology and the integrated software in Arrival’s electric vehicles. A cyber incident could be caused by disasters, insiders (through inadvertence or with malicious intent) or malicious third parties (including nation-states or nation-state supported actors) using sophisticated, targeted methods to circumvent firewalls, encryption and other security defenses, including hacking, fraud, trickery or other forms of deception. The techniques used by cyber attackers change frequently and may be difficult to detect for long periods of time. Although Arrival maintains information technology measures designed to protect itself against intellectual property theft, data breaches and other cyber incidents, such measures will require updates and improvements, and Arrival cannot guarantee that such measures will be adequate to detect, prevent or mitigate cyber incidents. The implementation, maintenance, segregation and improvement of these systems requires significant management time, support and cost. Moreover, there are inherent risks associated with developing, improving, expanding and updating current systems, including the disruption of Arrival’s data management, procurement, production execution, finance, supply chain and sales and service processes. These risks may affect Arrival’s ability to manage its data and inventory, procure parts or supplies or produce, sell, deliver and service its electric powertrain solutions, adequately protect its intellectual property or achieve and maintain compliance with, or realize available benefits under, applicable laws, regulations and contracts. Arrival cannot be sure that these systems upon which it relies, including those of its third-party vendors or suppliers, will be effectively implemented, maintained or expanded as planned. If Arrival does not successfully implement, maintain or expand these systems as planned, its operations may be disrupted, its ability to accurately and timely report its financial results could be impaired, and deficiencies may arise in its internal control over financial reporting, which may impact Arrival’s ability to certify its financial results. Moreover, Arrival’s proprietary information or intellectual property could be compromised or misappropriated and its reputation may be adversely affected. If these systems do not operate as Arrival expects them to, Arrival may be required to expend significant resources to make corrections or find alternative sources for performing these functions.

A significant cyber incident could impact production capability, harm Arrival’s reputation, cause Arrival to breach its contracts with other parties or subject Arrival to regulatory actions or litigation, any of which could materially affect Arrival’s business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. In addition, Arrival’s insurance coverage for cyberattacks may not be sufficient to cover all the losses it may experience as a result of a cyber incident.

Arrival also collects, stores, transmits and otherwise processes customer, driver and employee and others’ data as part of its business and operations, which may include personal data or confidential or proprietary information.

Arrival also works with partners and third-party service providers or vendors that collect, store and process such data on its behalf and in connection with its products and services. There can be no assurance that any security measures that Arrival or its third-party service providers or vendors have implemented will be effective against current or future security threats. While Arrival has developed systems and processes designed to protect the availability, integrity, confidentiality and security of its and its customers’, drivers’, employees’ and others’ data, Arrival’s security measures or those of its third-party service providers or vendors could fail and result in unauthorized access to or disclosure, acquisition, encryption, modification, misuse, loss, destruction or other compromise of such data. If a compromise of such data were to occur, Arrival may become liable under its contracts with other parties and under applicable law for damages and incur penalties and other costs to respond to, investigate and remedy such an incident. Laws in all 50 states require Arrival to provide notice to customers, regulators, credit reporting agencies and others when certain sensitive information has been compromised as a result of a security breach. Such laws are inconsistent and compliance in the event of a widespread data breach could be costly. Depending on the facts and circumstances of such an incident, these damages, penalties, fines and costs could be significant. Such an event could harm Arrival’s reputation and result in litigation against Arrival. Any of these results could materially adversely affect Arrival’s business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

Any unauthorized control or manipulation of the information technology systems in Arrival’s electric vehicles could result in loss of confidence in Arrival and its electric vehicles and harm Arrival’s business.

Arrival’s electric vehicles contain complex information technology systems and built-in data connectivity to accept and install periodic remote updates to improve or update functionality. Arrival has designed, implemented and tested security measures intended to prevent unauthorized access to its information technology networks, its electric vehicles and related systems. However, hackers may attempt to gain unauthorized access to modify, alter and use such networks, trucks and systems to gain control of or to change Arrival’s electric vehicles’ functionality, user interface and performance characteristics, or to gain access to data stored in or generated by the vehicles. Future vulnerabilities could be identified and Arrival’s efforts to remediate such vulnerabilities may not be successful. Any unauthorized access to or control of Arrival’s electric vehicles, or any loss of customer data, could result in legal claims or proceedings and remediation of such problems could result in significant, unplanned capital expenditures. In addition, regardless of their veracity, reports of unauthorized access to Arrival’s electric vehicles or data, as well as other factors that may result in the perception that Arrival’s electric vehicles or data are capable of being “hacked,” could negatively affect Arrival’s brand and harm its business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

Changes in tax laws may materially adversely affect Arrival’s business, prospects, financial condition and operating results.

New income, sales, use or other tax laws, statutes, rules, regulations or ordinances could be enacted at any time, which could adversely affect Arrival’s business, prospects, financial condition and operating results. Further, existing tax laws, statutes, rules, regulations or ordinances could be interpreted, changed, modified or applied adversely to Arrival. For example, U.S. federal tax legislation enacted in 2017, informally titled the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”), enacted many significant changes to the U.S. tax laws. Future guidance from the IRS with respect to the Tax Act may affect Arrival, and certain aspects of the Tax Act could be repealed or modified in future legislation. The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”), has already modified certain provisions of the Tax Act. In addition, it is uncertain if and to what extent various states will conform to the Tax Act, the CARES Act or any newly enacted federal tax legislation.

Arrival will incur increased costs as a result of operating as a public company, and its management will devote substantial time to new compliance initiatives.

Arrival will incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that it did not incur as a private company, and these expenses may increase even more after Arrival is no longer an emerging growth company, as defined in

Section 2(a) of the Securities Act. As a public company, Arrival is subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, as well as rules adopted, and to be adopted, by the SEC and Nasdaq. Arrival’s management and other personnel will need to devote a substantial amount of time to these compliance initiatives. Moreover, Arrival expects these rules and regulations to substantially increase its legal and financial compliance costs and to make some activities more time consuming and costly. The increased costs will increase Arrival’s net loss. For example, Arrival expects these rules and regulations to make it more difficult and more expensive for it to obtain director and officer liability insurance and it may be forced to accept reduced policy limits or incur substantially higher costs to maintain the same or similar coverage. Arrival cannot predict or estimate the amount or timing of additional costs it may incur to respond to these requirements. The impact of these requirements could also make it more difficult for Arrival to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on its Board of Directors, its board advisors or as executive officers.

Arrival’s management has limited experience in operating a public company.

Arrival’s executive officers have limited experience in the management of a publicly traded company. Arrival’s management team may not successfully or effectively manage its transition to a public company that will be subject to significant regulatory oversight and reporting obligations under federal securities laws. Their limited experience in dealing with the increasingly complex laws pertaining to public companies could be a significant disadvantage in that it is likely that an increasing amount of their time may be devoted to these activities which will result in less time being devoted to the management and growth of Arrival. Arrival may not have adequate personnel with the appropriate level of knowledge, experience, and training in the accounting policies, practices or internal controls over financial reporting required of public companies in the United States. The development and implementation of the standards and controls necessary for Arrival to achieve the level of accounting standards required of a public company in the United States may require costs greater than expected. It is possible that Arrival will be required to expand its employee base and hire additional employees to support its operations as a public company, which will increase its operating costs in future periods.

Arrival is controlled by Kinetik S.à r.l., whose interests may conflict with the Company’s interests and the interests of other shareholders.

Kinetik S.à r.l., which was founded by Denis Sverdlov, who is the Chief Executive Officer of Arrival, owns 76.43% of the outstanding Ordinary Shares. In addition, pursuant to the Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement, until at least December 31, 2022, Kinetik S.à.r.l., must maintain beneficial ownership of at least 50% of the outstanding voting securities of Arrival. As long as Kinetik S.à r.l. owns at least 50% of the outstanding Ordinary Shares, Kinetik S.à r.l. will have the ability to determine all corporate actions requiring shareholder approval, including the election and removal of directors and the size of the Board of Directors, any amendments to Arrival’s articles of association, or the approval of any merger or other significant corporate transaction, including a sale of substantially all of Arrival’s assets. In addition, as long as Kinetik S.à r.l. or its affiliates beneficially own at least 30% in the aggregate of the outstanding shares of Arrival, pursuant to the Nomination Agreement, Kinetik S.à r.l. has the right to propose for appointment a majority of the board of directors, at least one-half of whom must be independent under Nasdaq rules, and the right to appoint a director to each of the audit, compensation and nominating committees of the Board of Directors. This could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control or otherwise discouraging a potential acquirer from attempting to obtain control of Arrival, which could cause the market price of Ordinary Shares to decline or prevent shareholders from realizing a premium over the market price for Ordinary Shares. Kinetik S.à r.l.’s interests may conflict with Arrival’s interests as a company or the interests of Arrivals’ other shareholders.

A market for the Arrival’s securities may not continue, which would adversely affect the liquidity and price of its securities.

The price of Arrival’s securities may fluctuate significantly due to the market’s reaction to the Business Combination and general market and economic conditions. An active trading market for the Arrival’s securities

may never develop or, if developed, it may not be sustained. In addition, the price of the Arrival’s securities can vary due to general economic conditions and forecasts, its general business condition and the release of its financial reports. Additionally, if its securities are not listed on, or become delisted from, Nasdaq for any reason, and are quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board, an inter-dealer automated quotation system for equity securities that is not a national securities exchange, the liquidity and price of its securities may be more limited than if it were quoted or listed on Nasdaq or another national securities exchange. You may be unable to sell your securities unless a market can be established or sustained.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish or cease publishing research or reports about Arrival, its business, or its market, or if they change their recommendations regarding Ordinary Shares adversely, then the price and trading volume of Ordinary Shares could decline.

The trading market for Ordinary Shares will be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts may publish about Arrival, its business, its market, or its competitors. Securities and industry analysts do not currently, and may never, publish research on CIIG or Arrival. If no securities or industry analysts commence coverage of Arrival, Ordinary Share price and trading volume would likely be negatively impacted. If any of the analysts who may cover Arrival change their recommendation regarding Ordinary Shares adversely, or provide more favorable relative recommendations about Arrival’s competitors, the price of Ordinary Shares would likely decline. If any analyst who may cover CIIG were to cease coverage of Arrival or fail to regularly publish reports on it, Arrival could lose visibility in the financial markets, which could cause Ordinary Share price or trading volume to decline.

The JOBS Act permits “emerging growth companies” like Arrival to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies.

Arrival currently qualifies as an “emerging growth company” as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, which we refer to as the “JOBS Act.” As such, Arrival takes advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies for as long as it continues to be an emerging growth company, including the exemption from the auditor attestation requirements with respect to internal control over financial reporting under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. As a result, Arrival’s shareholders may not have access to certain information they deem important. Arrival expects to remain an emerging growth company until December 31, 2021.

In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act also provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the exemption from complying with new or revised accounting standards provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act as long as it is an emerging growth company. An emerging growth company can therefore delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies, but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. Arrival has elected to avail itself of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised, and it has different application dates for public or private companies, Arrival, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of Arrival’s financial statements with another public company that is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company that has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.

Arrival cannot predict if investors will find Ordinary Shares less attractive because it relies on these exemptions. If some investors find Ordinary Shares less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market and share price for Ordinary Shares may be more volatile. Arrival does not expect to qualify as an emerging growth company as of December 31, 2021 and may incur increased legal, accounting and compliance costs associated with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

Risks Related to Investment in a Luxembourg Company and Arrival’s Status as a Foreign Private Issuer

As a foreign private issuer, Arrival will be exempt from a number of U.S. securities laws and rules promulgated thereunder and will be permitted to publicly disclose less information than U.S. public companies must. This may limit the information available to holders of the Ordinary Shares.

Arrival qualifies as a “foreign private issuer,” as defined in the SEC’s rules and regulations, and, consequently, Arrival is not be subject to all of the disclosure requirements applicable to public companies organized within the United States. For example, Arrival is exempt from certain rules under the Exchange Act that regulate disclosure obligations and procedural requirements related to the solicitation of proxies, consents or authorizations applicable to a security registered under the Exchange Act. In addition, Arrival’s officers and directors are exempt from the reporting and “short-swing” profit recovery provisions of Section 16 of the Exchange Act and related rules with respect to their purchases and sales of Arrival’s securities. For example, some of Arrival’s key executives may sell a significant amount of Ordinary Shares and such sales will not be required to be disclosed as promptly as public companies organized within the United States would have to disclose. Accordingly, once such sales are eventually disclosed, the price of Ordinary Shares may decline significantly. Moreover, Arrival will not be required to file periodic reports and financial statements with the SEC as frequently or as promptly as U.S. public companies. Arrival will also not be subject to Regulation FD under the Exchange Act, which would prohibit Arrival from selectively disclosing material nonpublic information to certain persons without concurrently making a widespread public disclosure of such information. Accordingly, there may be less publicly available information concerning Arrival than there is for U.S. public companies.

As a foreign private issuer, Arrival will file an annual report on Form 20-F within four months of the close of each fiscal year ended December 31 and furnish reports on Form 6-K relating to certain material events promptly after Arrival publicly announces these events. However, because of the above exemptions for foreign private issuers, which Arrival intends to rely on, Arrival’s shareholders will not be afforded the same information generally available to investors holding shares in public companies that are not foreign private issuers.

Arrival may lose its foreign private issuer status in the future, which could result in significant additional costs and expenses. This would subject Arrival to U.S. GAAP reporting requirements which may be difficult for it to comply with.

As a “foreign private issuer,” Arrival is not required to comply with all of the periodic disclosure and current reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and related rules and regulations. Under those rules, the determination of foreign private issuer status is made annually on the last business day of an issuer’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, and, accordingly, the next determination will be made with respect to Arrival on June 30, 2021.

In the future, Arrival could lose its foreign private issuer status if a majority of its Ordinary Shares are held by residents in the United States and it fails to meet any one of the additional “business contacts” requirements. Although Arrival intends to follow certain practices that are consistent with U.S. regulatory provisions applicable to U.S. companies, Arrival’s loss of foreign private issuer status would make such provisions mandatory. The regulatory and compliance costs to Arrival under U.S. securities laws if it is deemed a U.S. domestic issuer may be significantly higher. If Arrival is not a foreign private issuer, Arrival will be required to file periodic reports and prospectuses on U.S. domestic issuer forms with the SEC, which are more detailed and extensive than the forms available to a foreign private issuer. For example, Arrival would become subject to the Regulation FD, aimed at preventing issuers from making selective disclosures of material information. Arrival also may be required to modify certain of its policies to comply with good governance practices associated with U.S. domestic issuers. Such conversion and modifications will involve additional costs. In addition, Arrival may lose its ability to rely upon exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements of Nasdaq that are available to foreign private issuers. For example, Nasdaq’s corporate governance rules require listed companies to have, among other things, a majority of independent board members and independent director oversight of executive

compensation, nomination of directors, and corporate governance matters. Nasdaq rules also require shareholder approval of certain share issuances, including approval of equity compensation plans. As a foreign private issuer, Arrival would be permitted to follow home country practice in lieu of the above requirements. Arrival intends to follow Luxembourg practice with respect to quorum requirements for shareholder meetings in lieu of the requirement under Nasdaq Listing Rules that the quorum be not less than 33 1/3% of the outstanding voting shares. Under Arrival’s articles of association, at an ordinary general meeting, there is no quorum requirement and resolutions are adopted by a simple majority of validly cast votes. In addition, under Arrival’s articles of association, for any resolutions to be considered at an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders, the quorum shall be at least one half of our issued share capital unless otherwise mandatorily required by law. As long as Arrival relies on the foreign private issuer exemption to certain of Nasdaq’s corporate governance standards, a majority of the directors on the Board of Directors are not required to be independent directors, its remuneration committee is not required to be comprised entirely of independent directors, it will not be required to have a nominating and corporate governance committee and it is not required to obtain shareholder approval of the EIP. Also, Arrival would be required to change its basis of accounting from IFRS as issued by the IASB to U.S. GAAP, which may be difficult and costly for it to comply with. If Arrival loses its foreign private issuer status and fails to comply with U.S. securities laws applicable to U.S. domestic issuers, Arrival may have to de-list from Nasdaq and could be subject to investigation by the SEC, Nasdaq and other regulators, among other materially adverse consequences.

If Arrival no longer qualifies as a foreign private issuer, it may be eligible to take advantage of exemptions from Nasdaq’s corporate governance standards if it continues to qualify as a “controlled company.” Kinetik S.à r.l. owns 76.43% of the outstanding Ordinary Shares. As a result, Arrival will be a “controlled company” within the meaning of Nasdaq rules. Under these rules, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power for the election of directors is held by an individual, a group, or another company is a “controlled company” and may elect not to comply with certain corporate governance requirements, including:

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the requirement that a majority of the Board of Directors consist of independent directors;

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the requirement that compensation of its executive officers be determined by a majority of the independent directors of the Board of Directors or a compensation committee comprised solely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities; and

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the requirement that director nominees be selected, or recommended for the Board of Directors’ selection, either by a majority of the independent directors of the Board of Directors or a nominating committee comprised solely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committee’s purpose and responsibilities.

If Arrival elects to take advantage of these exemptions, shareholders would not have the same protections afforded to shareholders of companies that are subject to all the Nasdaq corporate governance standards.

Arrival is organized under the laws of Luxembourg and a substantial amount of its assets are not located in the United States. It may be difficult for you to obtain or enforce judgments or bring original actions against Arrival or the members of the Board of Directors in the United States.

Arrival is organized under the laws of Luxembourg. In addition, a substantial amount of its assets are located outside the United States. Furthermore, some of the members of the Board of Directors and officers reside outside the United States and a substantial portion of Arrival’s assets are located outside the United States. Investors may not be able to effect service of process within the United States upon Arrival or these persons or enforce judgments obtained against Arrival or these persons in U.S. courts, including judgments in actions predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws. Likewise, it also may be difficult for an investor to enforce in U.S. courts judgments obtained against Arrival or these persons in courts located in jurisdictions outside the United States, including judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the

U.S. federal securities laws. Awards of punitive damages in actions brought in the United States or elsewhere are generally not enforceable in Luxembourg.

As there is no treaty in force on the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters between the United States and Luxembourg, courts in Luxembourg will not automatically recognize and enforce a final judgment rendered by a U.S. court. A valid judgment obtained from a court of competent jurisdiction in the United States may be entered and enforced through a court of competent jurisdiction in Luxembourg, subject to compliance with the enforcement procedures (exequatur). The enforceability in Luxembourg courts of judgments rendered by U.S. courts will be subject, prior to any enforcement in Luxembourg, to the procedure and the conditions set forth in the Luxembourg procedural code, which conditions may include the following as of the date of this prospectus (which may change):

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the judgment of the U.S. court is final and enforceable (exécutoire) in the United States;

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the U.S. court had jurisdiction over the subject matter leading to the judgment (that is, its jurisdiction was in compliance both with Luxembourg private international law rules and with the applicable domestic U.S. federal or state jurisdictional rules);

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the U.S. court applied to the dispute the substantive law that would have been applied by Luxembourg courts (based on recent case law and legal doctrine, it is not certain that this condition would still be required for an exequatur to be granted by a Luxembourg court);

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the judgment was granted following proceedings where the counterparty had the opportunity to appear and, if it appeared, to present a defense, and the decision of the foreign court must not have been obtained by fraud, but in compliance with the rights of the defendant;

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the U.S. court acted in accordance with its own procedural laws; and

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the decisions and the considerations of the U.S. court must not be contrary to Luxembourg international public policy rules or have been given in proceedings of a tax or criminal nature or rendered subsequent to an evasion of Luxembourg law (fraude à la loi). Awards of damages made under civil liabilities provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws, or other laws, which are classified by Luxembourg courts as being of a penal or punitive nature (for example, fines or punitive damages), might not be recognized by Luxembourg courts. Ordinarily, an award of monetary damages would not be considered as a penalty, but if the monetary damages include punitive damages, such punitive damages may be considered a penalty.

In addition, actions brought in a Luxembourg court against Arrival, the members of the Board of Directors, its officers, or the experts named herein to enforce liabilities based on U.S. federal securities laws may be subject to certain restrictions. In particular, Luxembourg courts generally do not award punitive damages. Litigation in Luxembourg also is subject to rules of procedure that differ from the U.S. rules, including, with respect to the taking and admissibility of evidence, the conduct of the proceedings and the allocation of costs. Proceedings in Luxembourg would have to be conducted in the French or German language, and all documents submitted to the court would, in principle, have to be translated into French or German. For these reasons, it may be difficult for a U.S. investor to bring an original action in a Luxembourg court predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws against Arrival, the members of the Board of Directors, its officers, or the experts named herein. In addition, even if a judgment against Arrival, the non-U.S. members of the Board of Directors, its officers, or the experts named in this prospectus based on the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws is obtained, a U.S. investor may not be able to enforce it in U.S. or Luxembourg courts.

The directors and officers of Arrival have entered into, or will enter into, indemnification agreements with Arrival. Under such agreements, the directors and officers will be entitled to indemnification from Arrival to the fullest extent permitted by Luxemburg law against liability and expenses reasonably incurred or paid by him or her in connection with any claim, action, suit, or proceeding in which he or she would be involved by virtue of his or her being or having been a director or officer and against amounts paid or incurred by him or her in the

settlement thereof. Luxembourg law permits Arrival to keep directors indemnified against any expenses, judgments, fines and amounts paid in connection with liability of a director towards Arrival or a third party for management errors i.e., for wrongful acts committed during the execution of the mandate (mandat) granted to the director by Arrival, except in connection with criminal offenses, gross negligence or fraud. The rights to and obligations of indemnification among or between Arrival and any of its current or former directors and officers are generally governed by the laws of Luxembourg and subject to the jurisdiction of the Luxembourg courts, unless such rights or obligations do not relate to or arise out of such persons’ capacities listed above. Although there is doubt as to whether U.S. courts would enforce this indemnification provision in an action brought in the United States under U.S. federal or state securities laws, this provision could make it more difficult to obtain judgments outside Luxembourg or from non-Luxembourg jurisdictions that would apply Luxembourg law against Arrival’s assets in Luxembourg.

Luxembourg and European insolvency and bankruptcy laws are substantially different from U.S. insolvency and bankruptcy laws and may offer Arrival’s shareholders less protection than they would have under U.S. insolvency and bankruptcy laws.

As a company organized under the laws of Luxembourg and with its registered office in Luxembourg, Arrival is subject to Luxembourg insolvency and bankruptcy laws in the event any insolvency proceedings are initiated against it including, among other things, Council and European Parliament Regulation (EU) 2015/848 of 20 May 2015 on insolvency proceedings (recast). Should courts in another European country determine that the insolvency and bankruptcy laws of that country apply to Arrival in accordance with and subject to such European Union (“EU”) regulations, the courts in that country could have jurisdiction over the insolvency proceedings initiated against Arrival. Insolvency and bankruptcy laws in Luxembourg or the relevant other European country, if any, may offer Arrival’s shareholders less protection than they would have under U.S. insolvency and bankruptcy laws and make it more difficult for them to recover the amount they could expect to recover in a liquidation under U.S. insolvency and bankruptcy laws.

The rights of Arrival’s shareholders may differ from the rights they would have as shareholders of a United States corporation, which could adversely impact trading in Ordinary Shares and its ability to conduct equity financings.

Arrival’s corporate affairs are governed by Arrival’s articles of association and the laws of Luxembourg, including the Luxembourg Company Law (loi du 10 août 1915 sur les sociétés commerciales, telle que modifiée). The rights of Arrival’s shareholders and the responsibilities of its directors and officers under Luxembourg law are different from those applicable to a corporation incorporated in the United States. For example, under Delaware law, the board of directors of a Delaware corporation bears the ultimate responsibility for managing the business and affairs of a corporation. In discharging this function, directors of a Delaware corporation owe fiduciary duties of care and loyalty to the corporation and its shareholders. Luxembourg law imposes a duty on directors of a Luxembourg company to: (i) act in good faith with a view to the best interests of a company; and (ii) exercise the care, diligence, and skill that a reasonably prudent person would exercise in a similar position and under comparable circumstances. Additionally, under Delaware law, a shareholder may bring a derivative action on behalf of a company to enforce a company’s rights. Under Luxembourg law, the board of directors has sole authority to decide whether to initiate legal action to enforce a company’s rights (other than, in certain circumstances, an action against members of the Board of Directors, which may be initiated by the general meeting of the shareholders, or, subject to certain conditions, by minority shareholders holding together at least 10% of the voting rights in the company). Further, under Luxembourg law, there may be less publicly available information about Arrival than is regularly published by or about U.S. issuers. In addition, Luxembourg laws governing the securities of Luxembourg companies may not be as extensive as those in effect in the United States, and Luxembourg laws and regulations in respect of corporate governance matters might not be as protective of minority shareholders as are state corporation laws in the United States. Therefore, Arrival’s shareholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interests in connection with actions taken by Arrival’s directors, officers or principal shareholders than they would as shareholders of a corporation incorporated in the

United States. As a result of these differences, Arrival’s shareholders may have more difficulty protecting their interests than they would as shareholders of a U.S. issuer.

U.S. Tax Risk Factors

Arrival might not be able to utilize a significant portion of its U.S. NOL carryforwards.

As of December 31, 2019, Arrival had U.S. federal and state net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards. There can be no assurance that Arrival will generate revenue from sales of products in the foreseeable future, if ever, and Arrival may never achieve profitability. These NOL carryforwards could expire unused and be unavailable to offset future income tax liabilities. Under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, unused federal NOLs generated in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017, will not expire and may be carried forward indefinitely, and generally may not be carried back to prior taxable years, except that, under the CARES Act a 5-year carryback of NOLs arising in taxable years beginning after December 31, 2017, and before January 1, 2021, is permitted. Additionally, for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2020, the deductibility of such U.S. federal NOLs is limited to 80% of its taxable income in any future taxable year. In addition, under Section 382 of the Code, the amount of benefits from its NOL carryforwards may be impaired or limited if Arrival incurs a cumulative ownership change of more than 50% over a three-year period. Arrival may have experienced ownership changes in the past and may experience ownership changes in the future as a result of the Business Combination and subsequent shifts in its stock ownership, some of which are outside its control. Arrival has not conducted a study to assess whether a change of control has occurred or whether there have been multiple changes of control since inception due to significant complexity with such a study. As a result, its use of U.S. federal NOL carryforwards could be limited. State NOL carryforwards may be similarly limited. Any such disallowances may result in greater tax liabilities than Arrival would incur in the absence of such a limitation and any increased liabilities could adversely affect its business, results of operations, financial position and cash flows.

If Arrival is a passive foreign investment company for United States federal income tax purposes for any taxable year, U.S. holders of Ordinary Shares could be subject to adverse United States federal income tax consequences.

If Arrival is or becomes a “passive foreign investment company,” or a PFIC, within the meaning of Section 1297 of the Code for any taxable year during which a U.S. holder (as defined in “Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations—U.S. Holders”) holds Ordinary Shares, certain adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences may apply to such U.S. holder. PFIC status depends on the composition of a company’s income and assets and the fair market value of its assets from time to time, as well as on the application of complex statutory and regulatory rules that are subject to potentially varying or changing interpretations. Based on the projected composition of Arrival’s income and assets, including goodwill, and the fact that Arrival is not yet producing revenue from its active operations, Arrival may be classified as a PFIC for its taxable year that includes the date of the Merger or in the foreseeable future. There can be no assurance that Arrival will not be treated as a PFIC for any taxable year.

If Arrival were treated as a PFIC, a U.S. holder of Ordinary Shares may be subject to adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences, such as taxation at the highest marginal ordinary income tax rates on capital gains and on certain actual or deemed distributions, interest charges on certain taxes treated as deferred, and additional reporting requirements. Certain elections (including a qualified electing fund (“QEF”) or a mark-to-market election) may be available to U.S. holders of Ordinary Shares to mitigate some of the adverse tax consequences resulting from PFIC treatment, but U.S. holders will not be able to make similar elections with respect to the Warrants.

If a United States person is treated as owning at least 10% of Arrival’s shares, such person may be subject to adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences.

If a United States person is treated as owning (directly, indirectly or constructively) at least 10% of the value or voting power of Arrival’s shares, such person may be treated as a “United States shareholder” with respect to each of Arrival and its direct and indirect subsidiaries (“Company Group”) that is a “controlled foreign corporation.” If the Company Group includes one or more U.S. subsidiaries, under recently-enacted rules, certain of Arrival’s non-U.S. subsidiaries could be treated as controlled foreign corporations regardless of whether Arrival is treated as a controlled foreign corporation (although there are currently proposed Treasury Regulations that may significantly limit the application of these rules). The Company Group includes a U.S. subsidiary.

A United States shareholder of a controlled foreign corporation may be required to report annually and include in its U.S. taxable income its pro rata share of the controlled foreign corporation’s “Subpart F income” and (in computing its “global intangible low-taxed income”) “tested income” and a pro rata share of the amount of U.S. property (including certain stock in U.S. corporations and certain tangible assets located in the United States) held by the controlled foreign corporation regardless of whether such controlled foreign corporation makes any distributions. Failure to comply with these reporting obligations (or related tax payment obligations) may subject such United States shareholder to significant monetary penalties and may prevent the statute of limitations with respect to such United States shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax return for the year for which reporting (or payment of tax) was due from starting. An individual that is a United States shareholder with respect to a controlled foreign corporation generally would not be allowed certain tax deductions or foreign tax credits that would be allowed to a United States shareholder that is a U.S. corporation. Arrival cannot provide any assurances that it will assist holders in determining whether any of its non-U.S. subsidiaries are treated as a controlled foreign corporation or whether any holder is treated as a United States shareholder with respect to any of such controlled foreign corporations or furnish to any holder information that may be necessary to comply with reporting and tax paying obligations.

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Introduction

The pro forma combined balance sheet as of June 30, 2020 gives pro forma effect to the Business Combination as if it had been consummated as of that date. The pro forma combined statements of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and the twelve months ended December 31, 2019 gives pro forma effect to the Business Combination as if it had occurred as of January 1, 2019. This information should be read together with the combined financial statements of Arrival and its related notes and CIIG’s respective financial statements and related notes, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and other financial information included elsewhere in this prospectus.

The pro forma combined balance sheet as of June 30, 2020 has been prepared using the following:

•

Arrival’s historical condensed consolidated statement of financial position as of June 30, 2020, as included elsewhere in this prospectus.

•

CIIG’s historical condensed balance sheet as of June 30, 2020, as included in CIIG’s Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2020, filed with the SEC on August 14, 2020.

The pro forma combined statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2020 has been prepared using the following:

•

Arrival’s historical condensed consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income for the six months ended June 30, 2020, as included elsewhere in this prospectus.

•

CIIG’s historical condensed statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2020, as included in CIIG’s Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2020, filed with the SEC on August 14, 2020.

The pro forma combined statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019 has been prepared using the following:

•

Arrival’s historical consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2019, as included elsewhere in this prospectus.

•

CIIG’s condensed statements of operations for the period from September 19, 2019 (inception) through December 31, 2019, as included elsewhere in this prospectus.

The historical financial statements of Arrival have been prepared in accordance with IFRS and in its presentation currency of the Euro. The historical financial statements of CIIG have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP in its presentation currency of United States dollars. The historical financial information of CIIG has been adjusted to give effect to the differences between U.S. GAAP and IFRS for the purposes of the combined pro forma financial information (see below). The financial statements of CIIG have been translated into Euros for purposes of having pro forma combined financial information at the rate on June 30, 2020 of US$1.00 to €0.88997.

For a description of the Business Combination, see “Prospectus Summary—Recent Developments—Business Combination.”

Accounting Treatment

power of the Company, Arrival’s operations comprising substantially the ongoing operations of the Company, Arrival’s designees comprising a majority of the governing body of the Company, and Arrival’s senior management comprising the senior management of the Company. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the Business Combination is treated as the equivalent of Arrival issuing shares for the net assets of CIIG, accompanied by a recapitalization. Accordingly, the transaction is accounted for within the scope of IFRS 2 (“Share-based payment”). The net assets of CIIG are stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. Operations prior to the Business Combination are deemed to be those of Arrival.

Basis of Pro Forma Presentation

The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been prepared in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation S-X as amended by the final rule, Release No. 33-10786 “Amendments to Financial Disclosures about Acquired and Disposed Businesses.” Release No. 33-10786 replaces the existing pro forma adjustment criteria with simplified requirements to depict the accounting for the transaction (“Transaction Accounting Adjustments”) and present the reasonably estimable synergies and other transaction effects that have occurred or are reasonably expected to occur (“Management’s Adjustments”). The Company has elected not to present Management’s Adjustments and will only be presenting Transaction Accounting Adjustments in the following unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information.

The pro forma combined financial information is for illustrative purposes only. The financial results may have been different had the companies always been combined. You should not rely on the unaudited pro forma combined financial information as being indicative of the historical results that would have been achieved had the companies always been combined or the future results that the Company will experience. Arrival and CIIG have not had any historical relationship prior to the Business Combination. Accordingly, no pro forma adjustments were required to eliminate activities between the companies.

The historical financial information of CIIG has been adjusted to give effect to the differences between U.S. GAAP and IFRS for the purposes of the combined pro forma financial information. No adjustments were required to convert CIIG’s financial statements from U.S. GAAP to IFRS for purposes of the combined pro forma financial information, except to reclassify shares of CIIG Class A Common Stock subject to redemption to non-current liabilities under IFRS. The adjustments presented in the pro forma combined financial information have been identified and presented to provide relevant information necessary for an accurate understanding of the Company after giving effect to the Business Combination.

The pro forma combined financial information has been prepared assuming two alternative levels of redemption into cash of CIIG shares:

•

Scenario 1—Assuming no redemptions for cash: This presentation assumes that no CIIG stockholders exercise redemption rights with respect to their shares of CIIG Class A Common Stock upon consummation of the Business Combination; and

•

Scenario 2—Assuming redemptions of 23,344,330 CIIG shares of CIIG Class A Common Stock for cash: This presentation assumes that CIIG stockholders exercise their redemption rights with respect to a maximum of 23,344,330 shares of CIIG Class A Common Stock upon consummation of the Business Combination at a redemption price of approximately US$10.04 (€8.93) per share. The maximum redemption amount is derived so that there is a minimum of US$400,000,000 (€355,660,000) of cash held either in or outside of the Trust Account, including the aggregate amount of any proceeds from the PIPE, after giving effect to the payments to redeeming stockholders. Scenario 2 includes all adjustments contained in Scenario 1 and presents additional adjustments to reflect the effect of the maximum redemptions.

Prior to the Closing, 21,483 shares of CIIG Class A Common Stock were redeemed by the holders for an aggregate redemption payment of approximately $260,000.

Included in the shares outstanding and weighted average shares outstanding as presented in the pro forma combined financial statements are an aggregate of 533,835,000 Ordinary Shares to be issued to Arrival shareholders under both Scenario 1 and Scenario 2.

After the Business Combination, assuming no redemptions of shares of CIIG Class A Common Stock for cash, CIIG’s current stockholders will own approximately 5.3% of the outstanding Ordinary Shares, the PIPE investors will own approximately 6.6% of the outstanding Company shares and the former shareholders of Arrival will own approximately 88.1% of the outstanding Ordinary Shares. Assuming redemption by holders of 23,344,330 shares of CIIG Class A Common Stock, CIIG stockholders will own approximately 1.5% of the outstanding Ordinary Shares, the PIPE investors will own approximately 6.9% of the outstanding shares and the former shareholders of Arrival will own approximately 91.6% of the outstanding Ordinary Shares (in each case, not giving effect to any shares issuable upon the exercise or conversion of warrants).

PRO FORMA COMBINED BALANCE SHEET

AS OF JUNE 30, 2020

(in Euros and in thousands)


	As of June 30, 2020				Transaction Accounting Adjustments (Assuming No Redemptions) (Note 4 – PF)			As of June 30, 2020		Additional Transaction Accounting Adjustments (Assuming Maximum Redemptions) (Note 4 – PF)			As of June 30, 2020
	Arrival (Historical)		CIIG (Historical)					Pro Forma Combined (Assuming No Redemptions)					Pro Forma Combined (Assuming Maximum Redemptions)
Non-Current Assets
Property, plant and equipment	€	43,361	€	—	€	—		€	43,361	€	—		€	43,361
Intangible assets and goodwill		113,064		—		—			113,064		—			113,064
Deferred tax asset		334		—		—			334		—			334
Trade and other receivables		8,248		—		—			8,248		—			8,248
Marketable securities held in Trust Account		—		231,006		(231,006	)⁽¹⁾		—		—			—

Total Non-Current Assets		165,007		231,006		(231,006	)		165,007		—			165,007
Current Assets
Inventory		10,754		—		—			10,754		—			10,754
Trade and other receivables		5,797		—		—			5,797		—			5,797
Prepayments		4,149		133		—			4,282		—			4,282
Cash and cash equivalents		29,768		988		231,006	⁽¹⁾		564,072		(208,412	)⁽²⁾		355,660
						(53,350	)⁽³⁾
						355,660	⁽⁴⁾

Total Current Assets		50,468		1,121		533,316			584,905		(208,412	)		376,493
Total Assets	€	215,475	€	232,127	€	302,310		€	749,912	€	(208,412	)	€	541,500
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Non-Current Liabilities
Lease liabilities	€	22,846	€	—	€	—		€	22,846	€	—		€	22,846
Deferred underwriting fee payable		—		8,052		(8,052	)⁽³⁾		—		—			—
Ordinary shares subject to redemption		—		219,361		(219,361	)⁽²⁾		—		—			—

Total Non-Current Liabilities		22,846		227,413		(227,413	)		22,846		—			22,846
Current Liabilities
Trade and other payables		14,061		85		(85	)⁽³⁾		14,061		—			14,061
Lease liabilities		4,508		—		—			4,508		—			4,508
Current tax liabilities		57		182		—			239		—			239

Total Liabilities		41,472		227,680		(227,498	)		41,654		—			41,654

Shareholders’ Equity
Share capital		228,067		—		(228,067	)⁽⁵⁾		—		—			—
Share premium		149,018		—		(149,018	)⁽⁵⁾		—		—
Ordinary shares		—		—		60	⁽⁵⁾		60		(2	)⁽²⁾		58


	As of June 30, 2020					Transaction Accounting Adjustments (Assuming No Redemptions) (Note 4 – PF)			As of June 30, 2020			Additional Transaction Accounting Adjustments (Assuming Maximum Redemptions) (Note 4 – PF)			As of June 30, 2020
	Arrival (Historical)			CIIG (Historical)					Pro Forma Combined (Assuming No Redemptions)						Pro Forma Combined (Assuming Maximum Redemptions)
Class A common stock		—			—		2	⁽²⁾		—			—			—
							4	⁽⁴⁾
							53	⁽⁵⁾
							(59	)⁽⁵⁾
Class B common stock		—			1		(1	)⁽⁵⁾		—			—			—
Additional paid in capital		—			4,030		219,359	⁽²⁾		1,664,637			(208,410	)⁽²⁾		791,427
							(10,670	)⁽³⁾					(664,800	)⁽⁵⁾
							355,656	⁽⁴⁾
							1,096,262	⁽⁵⁾
Translation reserve		(3,717	)		—		—			(3,717	)		—			(3,717	)
Retained earnings (Accumulated deficit)		(199,365	)		416		(34,543	)⁽³⁾		(952,722	)		664,800	⁽⁵⁾		(287,922	)
							(416	)⁽⁵⁾
							(718,814	)⁽⁵⁾

Total Shareholders’ Equity		174,003			4,447		529,808			708,258			(208,412	)		499,846

Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity	€	215,475		€	232,127	€	302,310		€	749,912		€	(208,412	)	€	541,500

Transaction Accounting Adjustments to the Combined Balance Sheet

(in Euros and in thousands, except share and per-share data)

The Arrival balance sheet was derived from the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of financial position of Arrival as of June 30, 2020. The CIIG balance sheet was derived from the unaudited condensed balance sheet of CIIG as of June 30, 2020, after giving effect to the translation of the amounts into Euros at a rate of €0.88915 per US$1.00.

(1)	To reflect the release of cash from marketable securities held in the Trust Account.

(2)

In Scenario 1, which assumes no CIIG stockholders exercise their redemption rights, the CIIG Class A Common Stock subject to redemption for cash amounting to €219,361 would be transferred to permanent equity. In Scenario 2, which assumes the same facts as described in Items 1 and 2 above, but also assumes the maximum number of shares of CIIG Class A Common Stock are redeemed for cash by the CIIG stockholders, €208,412 would be paid out in cash. The €208,412, or 23,344,330 shares of CIIG Class A Common Stock, represents the maximum redemption amount providing for a minimum of US$400,000 of cash held either in or outside of the Trust Account, including the aggregate amount of any proceeds from the PIPE, after giving effect to payments to redeeming stockholders based on a consummation of the Business Combination on June 30, 2020.

(3)

To reflect the payment of an aggregate of €53,350 of estimated legal, financial advisory and other professional fees related to the Business Combination, including €85 of accounts payable and accrued expenses directly attributable to the Business Combination, €10,670 of expenses attributable to the PIPE

investments, €8,052 of deferred underwriting fees payable to the underwriters and legal, financial advisory, accounting and other professional fees of €34,543. The direct, incremental costs of the Business Combination related to the legal, financial advisory, accounting and other professional fees of approximately €34,543 is reflected as an adjustment to accumulated deficit. The cost expensed through accumulated deficit is included in the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019.

(4)	Reflects the proceeds received from the PIPE Investment with the corresponding issuance of 40,000,000 Ordinary Shares, with a nominal value of €0.10, at approximately US$10.00 (€8.89) per share, or €355,660.

(5)

To reflect the recapitalization of Arrival through (a) the contribution of all the share capital in Arrival to CIIG in the aggregate amount of €377,085, (b) the issuance of 533,835,000 Ordinary Shares, (c) the elimination of the historical accumulated retained earnings deficit of CIIG in the amount of €416, the legal acquiree, (d) the conversion of 6,468,750 shares of CIIG Class B Common Stock held by CIIG Management LLC into CIIG Class A Common Stock, on a one-for-one basis, at the consummation of the Business Combination, as well as the conversion of CIIG Class A Common Stock into Ordinary Shares and (e) the fair value of share consideration of €897.4 million and a €718.8 million excess of the fair value of the shares issued over the value of the net monetary assets acquired in the Business Combination assuming no redemptions (the fair value of share consideration of €232.6 million and a €54.0 million excess of the fair value of the shares issued over the value of the net monetary assets acquired in the Business Combination assuming the maximum redemptions). Under IFRS 2, this amount is recognized as a loss on the income statement.


	Per Share Value*		Assuming No Redemptions				Assuming Maximum Redemptions
	Per Share Value*		Shares		Fair Value (in 000s)		Shares			Fair Value (in 000s)
Class B common shares	€	24.82		6,468,750	€	160,541		6,468,750		€	160,541
Class A common shares	€	28.48		25,875,000	€	736,869		25,875,000		€	736,869
Redemptions	€	28.48		—	€	—		(23,344,330	)	€	(664,800	)

			32,343,750		€897,409		8,999,420			€232,609
Book value					€	178,595				€	178,595

Excess of fair value over book value					€	718,814				€	54,014

*	Closing prices as of January 15, 2021 for CIIG common stock (CIIC) and CIIG common stock units (CIICU) was $29.97 and $34.39 per share, respectively, were converted into Euros at a rate of €0.82809 per US$1.00.

PRO FORMA COMBINED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020

(in Euros and in thousands, except share and per share data)


	Arrival (Historical)			CIIG (Historical)			Transaction Accounting Adjustments (Assuming No Redemptions) (Note 4 – PF)			Pro Forma Combined (Assuming No Redemptions)			Additional Transaction Accounting Adjustments (Assuming Maximum Redemptions) (Note 4 – PF)			Pro Forma Combined (Assuming Maximum Redemptions)
Continuing operations
Administrative expenses	€	(24,159	)	€	(329	)	€	(8	)⁽¹⁾	€	(24,496	)	€	—		€	(24,496	)
Research and development expenses		(4,723	)		—			—			(4,723	)					(4,723	)
Impairment expense		(34	)		—			—			(34	)					(34	)
Other income		804			—			—			804			—			804
Other expenses		(12	)		—			—	⁽¹²⁾		—	⁽¹²⁾

Operating loss		(28,124	)		(329	)		(8	)		(28,461	)		—			(28,461	)

Interest income		—			885			(885	)⁽²⁾		—			—			—
Financial income		1,337			—			—			1,337			—			1,337
Financial expense		(2,551	)		—			—			(2,551	)		—			(2,551	)

(Loss) income before taxes		(29,338	)		556			(893	)		(29,675	)		—			(29,675	)
Benefit (provision) for taxes		4,873			(167	)		167	⁽³⁾		4,873			—			4,873

Net (loss) income	€	(24,465	)	€	389		€	(726	)	€	(24,802	)	€	—		€	(24,802	)

Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted		911,842,971			25,875,000			580,303,750	⁽⁴⁾		606,178,750			(23,344,330	)⁽⁴⁾		582,834,420

Basic and diluted net (loss) income per share	€	(0.03	)	€	0.03					€	(0.04	)				€	(0.04	)

PRO FORMA COMBINED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

TWELVE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2019

(in Euros and in thousands, except share and per share data)


	Arrival (Historical)			CIIG (Historical)			Transaction Accounting Adjustments (Assuming No Redemptions) (Note 4 – PF)			Pro Forma Combined (Assuming No Redemptions)			Additional Transaction Accounting Adjustments (Assuming Maximum Redemptions) (Note 4 – PF)			Pro Forma Combined (Assuming Maximum Redemptions)
Continuing operations
Administrative expenses	€	(31,392	)	€	(82	)	€	(34,543	)⁽¹⁾	€	(66,017	)	€	—		€	(66,017	)
Research and development expenses		(11,149	)		—			—			(11,149	)		—			(11,149	)
Impairment expense		(4,972	)		—			—			(4,972	)		—			(4,972	)
Other income		2,583			—			—			2,583			—			2,583
Other expenses		(6,911	)		—			(718,814	)⁽¹⁾		(725,725	)		664,800	⁽¹⁾		(60,925	)

Operating loss		(51,841	)		(82	)		(753,357	)		(805,280	)		664,800			(140,480	)

Interest income		—			125			(125	)⁽²⁾		—			—			—
Financial income		51			—			—			51			—			51
Financial expense		(3,235	)		—			—			(3,235	)		—			(3,235	)

(Loss) income before taxes		(55,025	)		43			(753,482	)		(808,464	)		664,800			(143,664	)
Benefit (provision) for taxes		6,929			(16	)		16	⁽³⁾		6,929			—			6,929

Net (loss) income	€	(48,096	)	€	27		€	753,466	)	€	(801,535	)	€	664,800		€	(136,735	)

Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted		880,160,731			25,875,000			580,303,750	⁽⁴⁾		606,178,750			(23,344,330	)		582,834,420

Basic and diluted net (loss) income per share	€	(0.05	)	€	—					€	(1.32	)				€	(0.23	)

Transaction Accounting Adjustments to the Combined Statements of Operations

(in Euros and in thousands, except share and per share data)

The Arrival statement of operations was derived from the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income of Arrival for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and the year ended December 31, 2019. The CIIG statement of operations was derived from the unaudited condensed statements of operations of CIIG as for the six months ended June 30, 2020, after giving effect to the translation of the amounts into Euros at a rate of €0.88915 per US$1.00 and for the period from September 19, 2019 (inception) through December 31, 2019, after giving effect to the translation of the amounts into Euros at a rate of €0.8906 to US$1.00.

(1)

Represents an adjustment to eliminate direct, incremental costs of the Business Combination which are reflected in the historical consolidated financial statements of Arrival and CIIG in the amount of €0 and €8, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2020. There were no such amounts recorded for the twelve months ended December 31, 2019.

Additionally, for the year ended December 31, 2019, includes an adjustment for the €718.8 million excess of the fair value of the shares issued over the value of the net monetary assets acquired in the Business Combination assuming no redemptions and the €54.0 million excess of the fair value of the shares issued over the value of the net monetary assets acquired in the Business Combination assuming the maximum redemptions.

(2)

Represents an adjustment to eliminate interest income on marketable securities in the amount of €885 and €125 for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and the period from September 19, 2019 (inception) through December 31, 2019, respectively, held in the Trust Account as of the beginning of the period.

(3)	To record normalized blended statutory income tax benefit rate of 21% for pro forma financial presentation purposes resulting in the recognition of an income tax benefit, which however, has been offset by a full valuation allowance as the Company expects to incur continuing losses.

(4)

The calculation of weighted average shares outstanding for basic and diluted net loss per share assumes that CIIG’s initial public offering occurred as of the beginning of the earliest period presented. In addition, as the Business Combination is being reflected as if it had occurred at the beginning of the periods presented, the calculation of weighted average shares outstanding for basic and diluted net loss per share assumes that the shares have been outstanding for the entire periods presented. This calculation is retroactively adjusted to eliminate the number of shares redeemed for the entire period.

The following presents the calculation of basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding. The computation of diluted loss per share excludes the effect of warrants to purchase 20,112,500 shares because the inclusion of any of these securities would be anti-dilutive.


	Scenario 1 Combined (Assuming No Redemptions Into Cash)			Scenario 2 Combined (Assuming Maximum Redemptions Into Cash)
Weighted average shares calculation, basic and diluted
CIIG public shares		25,875,000			2,530,670
CIIG founder shares		6,468,750			6,468,750
Shares issued to PIPE Investors		40,000,000			40,000,000
Ordinary Shares issued in Business Combination		533,835,000			533,835,000

Weighted average shares outstanding		606,178,750			582,834,420

Percent of shares owned by Arrival holders		88.1	%		91.6	%
Percent of shares owned by PIPE Investors		6.6	%		6.9	%
Percent of shares owned by CIIG holders		5.3	%		1.5	%

USE OF PROCEEDS

All of the Ordinary Shares offered by the selling securityholders pursuant to this prospectus will be sold by the selling securityholders for their respective amounts. We will not receive any of the proceeds from these sales.

DIVIDEND POLICY

From the annual net profits of the Company, at least 5% shall each year be allocated to the reserve required by applicable laws (the “Legal Reserve”). That allocation to the Legal Reserve will cease to be required as soon and as long as the Legal Reserve amounts to 10% of the amount of the share capital of the Company. The general meeting of shareholders shall resolve how the remainder of the annual net profits, after allocation to the Legal Reserve, will be disposed of by allocating the whole or part of the remainder to a reserve or to a provision, by carrying it forward to the next following financial year or by distributing it, together with carried forward profits, distributable reserves or share premium to the shareholders, each Ordinary Share entitling to the same proportion in such distributions.

The Board of Directors may resolve that the Company pays out an interim dividend to the shareholders, subject to the conditions of article 461-3 of the 1915 Law and the Company’s articles of association. The Board of Directors shall set the amount and the date of payment of the interim dividend.

Any share premium, assimilated premium or other distributable reserve may be freely distributed to the shareholders subject to the provisions of the 1915 Law and the Company’s articles of association. In case of a dividend payment, each shareholder is entitled to receive a dividend right pro rata according to his or her respective shareholding. The dividend entitlement lapses upon the expiration of a five-year prescription period from the date of the dividend distribution. The unclaimed dividends return to the Company’s accounts.

CAPITALIZATION

The following table sets out our consolidated capitalization and indebtedness as of June 30, 2020. The information below should be read together with the information under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”


As of June 30, 2020 (pro forma for Business Combination and PIPE financing)	(€) in millions
Non-current assets		165.0
Cash and cash equivalents		564.1
Other current assets		20.8

Total assets		749.9
Current liabilities		18.8
Lease liabilities		22.9

Total liabilities		41.7
Ordinary shares		0.06
Additional paid in capital		1,664.6
Translation reserve		(3.7	)
Accumulated deficit		(952.7	)

Total shareholders’ equity		708.2

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity		749.9

Prior to the Closing, 21,483 shares of CIIG Class A Common Stock were redeemed by the holders for an aggregate redemption payment of approximately $260,000.

BUSINESS

Overview

Arrival has focused its workforce of over 1,500 employees on the research and development of an owned and controlled ecosystem, with each functional area integrated and working together to best position Arrival to deliver lower cost electric vehicles with unique user benefits. To date, Arrival has developed an extensive portfolio of intellectual property that currently comprises 180 innovations that span across electric vehicle designs, battery-related innovations, composite material configurations, microfactory production procedures, modular hardware and software applications, and robotic assembly protocols.

Arrival finalized a €100 million investment and signed a collaboration agreement with HKMC, one of the largest global OEMs, in the fourth quarter of 2019. In 2020, Arrival finalized an investment and signed a purchase agreement with UPS, which included an initial order of 10,000 electric vans with an option to purchase an additional 10,000 electric vans. Arrival has a longstanding relationship with UPS and has been working with them since 2016. In October 2020, Arrival secured €150.5 million in additional funding from private investors led by funds and accounts managed by BlackRock.

Arrival is a development stage company and is currently testing its vans and buses as well as its internal production processes for its microfactories. Arrival is developing four vehicle platforms for deployment through 2023 with an estimated start of production of the Arrival Bus in Q4 2021, the Arrival small and large van in Q3 2022 and the small vehicle platform in Q3 2023.

Arrival’s Competitive Positioning

To enable a new method of how electric vehicles are designed and produced, Arrival has developed core technologies that enable the production of vehicles through its game changing proprietary microfactories. Arrival believes these technologies will enable it to produce best-in-class electric vehicles at lower costs than its competitors. Arrival believes this not only leads to a lower TCO, but also enables Arrival to price its vehicles competitively with fossil fuel equivalents.

The foundational principle behind microfactories is the use of technology cells. These technology cells have allowed Arrival to rethink the traditional OEM production line and use a much more flexible assembly method where each technology cell is optimized to perform specific production processes. Key contributors to Arrival’s microfactory design and assembly process include the utilization of its in-house plug-and-play modular components, its proprietary modular skateboard and its proprietary composite material technology. Each one of these key contributors has been integrated into Arrival’s proprietary in-house software architecture that ultimately drives the production process within the microfactories. Arrival’s proprietary in-house software spans from the initial design stages through the production and operation of the electric vehicles. Arrival believes its new method of design and assembly is unparalleled not only in the electric vehicle industry, but also throughout the traditional OEM industry.

Lower capital investment and greater profitability

Numerous factors contribute to Arrival’s expectation that it will achieve lower capital investment requirements across its owned and controlled ecosystem while also positioning Arrival to achieve greater profitability relative to other OEMs. At comparable annual production volumes, the capital investment for Arrival’s microfactories is estimated to be 50% less than a traditional OEM production facility. A primary driver of these cost savings is the use of Arrival’s proprietary composite materials that do not require capital intensive metal stamping plants, welding facilities or paint shops. Arrival’s expectation is to achieve market-leading profitability within the electric vehicle industry due to the lower operating expenditures associated with its microfactories, lower procurement costs associated with its in-house plug-and-play modular components and proprietary composite materials as well as the utilization of its proprietary in-house software architecture that reduces its manual labor expenses within the microfactories. Arrival estimates that its operational expense saving associated with its microfactories to be approximately 50% when compared to a traditional OEM facility with a similar production capacity. These savings, when combined with other operational and procurement savings, position Arrival to achieve double-digit margins on a per vehicle basis. Arrival believes this level of profitability to be industry leading.

Scale

A key attribute to the implementation of microfactories is Arrival’s ability to scale globally. Arrival estimates its microfactories can be fully operational within six months of leasing an appropriate warehouse. Arrival believes there is an abundance of warehouses globally that are suitable to be microfactories. The low expected level of capital investment per microfactory also allows Arrival to deploy microfactories in numerous metropolitan communities with less capital than required for a traditional OEM facility. Arrival believes the deployment of its microfactories into local communities will be well-accepted by governments and municipalities based on its ability to offer local jobs and to pay local taxes. Arrival believes that every city with over one million inhabitants has sufficient vehicle demand to support at least one microfactory. Globally, Arrival estimates there are more than 500 cities with a population of more than one million. Arrival currently has three microfactories in active development, one in Rock Hill, South Carolina, USA, one in Charlotte, North Carolina, USA and one in Bicester, UK, for start of production in the fourth quarter of 2021, the third quarter of 2022 and the third quarter of 2022, respectively.

Superior Total Cost of Ownership

The TCO includes both the initial acquisition cost of a vehicle and the ongoing operating costs for the vehicle. Arrival believes it has an industry leading TCO advantage compared to its peers that is favorable for both the acquisition cost and the operating costs of its vehicles. These benefits apply to both the Arrival vans and buses.

Arrival’s costs for both the van and bus are lower than its EV peers as a result of the significant benefits it can achieve from its design and vertical integration using its microfactories, in-house plug-and-play components, proprietary composite materials, and its in-house software applications. These benefits position Arrival with best-in-class vehicle attributes for weight, cargo volume, and payload.

Arrival’s operating costs are also industry leading and reflect its battery infrastructure, energy efficiency, and ongoing maintenance costs. Arrival’s battery cell configuration is scalable and provides for multiple power configurations. Arrival’s vehicles can be purpose built to include flexible battery pack configurations. Lower ongoing operating costs can be achieved using its modular plug-and-play components that have been designed for easy replacement and upgrades. Arrival’s proprietary composite materials allow for quick, simple, and cost-effective panel replacement or service. Furthermore, the majority of Arrival’s in-house parts have been engineered to last for more than ten years.

Arrival believes that its propriety technologies and design competitively position its electric vans and buses to provide significant TCO savings to its clients. Arrival believes the Arrival mid-size van can achieve TCO savings

of approximately 17% when compared to a traditional diesel van and that the TCO savings can increase to approximately 28% when compared to other electric vans. Arrival believes the Arrival bus can achieve TCO savings of approximately 47% when compared to a traditional diesel bus and can achieve TCO savings of approximately 50% when compared to other electric buses.

These TCO savings include the vehicle purchase price, fuel cost, infrastructure cost, and maintenance cost and are net of estimated residual value. The estimated costs are based on estimated vehicle usage of approximately 365,000 kilometers.

Owned and Controlled Ecosystem

The sophistication and depth of Arrival’s owned and controlled ecosystem is unique in the electric vehicle industry and it believes its technical capabilities position it as a leading electric vehicle company. Arrival’s ability to collect proprietary data across its design, parts, manufacturing, vehicle performance, and vehicle usage ecosystem affords it the ability to apply state-of-the-art data analytics to such data. Arrival believes this in-house data collection and analysis process using its proprietary software architecture will allow Arrival to identify new solutions, tools, and user benefits well in advance of most of its industry peers. Arrival is already utilizing such data within its research and development teams as it evolves its designs for future versions of electric vehicles. Arrival believes this internal data management capability is unparalleled among nearly all of its electric vehicle peers, with one exception. Arrival’s owned and controlled ecosystem positions Arrival to further advance into the next generation of electric vehicle design and manufacturing.

Market Opportunity

Arrival believes the commercial vehicle segment is an attractive market for its business strategy. Arrival is initially targeting two primary categories within this segment that include commercial vans and commercial buses. As the industry shifts towards zero emission vehicles, Arrival believes its advanced stage electric vehicle development, cost effective alternative, improved user experience, and global presence strategically positions it to capture a more than sufficient market share to achieve its business plan assumptions.

Arrival defines its total addressable market based on its ability to compete on price and quality within the geographic regions it plans to compete in. Based on the attributes of Arrival’s electric vans and buses, it not only considers the addressable electric commercial vehicle market, but also the existing fossil fuel commercial vehicle market. Based on industry sources, Arrival believes the initial addressable market for electric commercial vans is approximately $70 billion. When including the addressable market for fossil fuel commercial vans, Arrival believes its total addressable market increases to approximately $280 billion. Arrival estimates the initial addressable market for electric commercial buses to be approximately $40 billion. When including the addressable market for fossil fuel commercial buses, Arrival believes its total addressable market increases to approximately $154 billion. In total, Arrival believes its total addressable market for commercial vans and buses is approximately $430 billion.

Arrival’s initial geographic target markets include North America, the United Kingdom and Europe. Arrival believes its existing employee and microfactory presence in these markets will best position it to accelerate its market penetration rates. Arrival’s nearer term business plan includes the deployment of 31 microfactories by 2024. Arrival anticipates these microfactories will be located in markets including South America, Africa and Asia.

Arrival believes there are several drivers to the ongoing and underlying growth of its total addressable market. One such driver is the continued growth in e-commerce. According to a Statista Digital Market Outlook 2020 report, the e-commerce market is estimated to grow by approximately 37% from 2020 through 2024. Arrival believes this growth will increase the demand for electric vehicles from its target customers.

Key Agreements, Partnerships and Suppliers

Arrival is working closely with potential customers and collaboration partners to develop and commercialize its vehicles. Arrival’s business model includes establishing strategic partnerships and supplier relationships. Arrival believes these partnerships will help reduce execution risk, accelerate its design and development efforts, and improve its commercialization timeline, resulting in a long-term competitive advantage.

The following is a description of Arrival’s most significant partnerships:

Hyundai Motor Company and Kia Corporation (“HKMC”)

On November 4, 2019, Arrival entered into an agreement with HKMC to jointly develop vehicles using Arrival’s technologies. Through this agreement, Arrival has access to HKMC’s engineering expertise and supply chain. This partnership will leverage the use of Arrival’s microfactories and software innovation. Arrival will benefit from HKMC’s global footprint and economies of scale with the aim to reduce the cost of components. The joint development agreement will expire on November 3, 2024. This development agreement prevents Arrival from developing EVs with other traditional OEMs until November 3, 2022.

In addition to its collaboration agreement with HKMC, Arrival received a €100 million equity investment from Hyundai and Kia in December 2019.

United Parcel Service (“UPS”)

UPS, a leading global logistic operator that makes over 5 billion deliveries per year and has a fleet of over 120,000 vehicles, has agreed to purchase 10,000 vans during the period of 2021 to 2025 with an option to purchase an additional 10,000 vans representing up to $1.2 billion (€1.0 billion) in revenue (including the option), subject to modification or cancellation at any time. The UPS order covers three different van configurations and the following geographic regions: North America, Europe and the UK. At the start of each calendar year, Arrival has agreed to issue UPS an invoice for a deposit of 25% of the projected vehicle volume designated for that calendar year. In connection with the UPS order, in October 2020, Arrival entered into an agreement with UPS whereby Arrival agreed that the Company would enter into an agreement with UPS to issue Warrants to UPS upon certain conditions being met. The terms of the UPS agreement are unique to UPS and orders with other customers will be negotiated independently.

UPS has been a long-term partner of Arrival’s including making an investment in Arrival in January 2020. Arrival has worked closely with UPS since 2016 to develop specifications for delivery vans that meet UPS’s unique fleet needs across three different configurations. Key attributes for the UPS vans include increased cargo efficiency, improved driver ergonomics and a direct link to UPS’ existing back-end system through Arrival’s vehicle software. UPS has agreed to evaluate prototype vans and provide ongoing feedback to Arrival before the van enters production. Prototypes are scheduled to be delivered as early as the first quarter of 2021.

LG Energy Solution, Ltd. (“LG Chem”)

On February 20, 2020, Arrival entered into a long-term product manufacture and supply agreement with LG Chem. Headquartered in Seoul, South Korea, LG Chem is one of the largest chemical companies in the world. Under the terms of the agreement, LG Chem will supply battery cells for use in Arrival battery modules. Under the terms of this agreement, management believes that Arrival has secured high quality cells from a dependable supplier.

Other Partners

As Arrival moves toward production of its vans and buses, it has partnered with several key suppliers in order to reduce validation and production risk. These include several Tier 1 suppliers for safety-related systems including,

but not limited to, steering, braking, airbag and seat belt systems. In addition, Arrival has worked closely with Comau (a subsidiary of Fiat Chrysler Automotive), an experienced automotive factory automation system provider, in the development of the initial process layout of its microfactories. Arrival is also evaluating partnerships to provide vehicle financing alternatives for its customers.

Arrival Van

LOGO

The upper left image shows an aerial view of the H3L4 Arrival Van. The upper right image shows the interior of the driver’s cabin, including the HMI screen and e-mirror display. The lower left image shows the rear of the van including the roller shutter rear door. The lower right image shows a side view of the van highlighting the sliding passenger door.

The Arrival Van is available in the standard sizes in the segment: H1, H2, H3 roof height and L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 vehicle lengths. The H3L4 van will be the first into production and will be followed by the other variants.

The Arrival Van has been designed from the ground up to serve the delivery sector and Arrival believes the van has superior attributes to its competitors’ EVs and fossil fuel vehicles. Many EVs in this sector are constructed by taking existing ICE vehicle architectures and converting them into electric vehicles. This approach leads to a compromised vehicle at a premium price. Arrival believes the Arrival Van is lighter than its competitor’s vehicles at approximately 2.275 metric tons unladen weight leading to better range efficiency. The vehicle also features approximately 80% better payload at 1.975 metric tons and better cargo volume efficiency than competitive vehicles. As a result, Arrival’s customers can carry more payload and a larger volume of packages than they could in competitive vehicles of equal exterior size. This, in turn, improves their operational costs. Additionally, Arrival is focused on delivering an improved driver experience with the Arrival Van having a very competitive 12.9m turn circle, and a 30% lower floor height (step in height) than competitive vehicles. Finally, the driver interaction with the vehicle controls can be optimized through the in-house developed Arrival HMI (Human Machine Interface) software.

All Arrival Vans are connected vehicles allowing the operator to better optimize and manage their fleet through analysis of operational data collected from the vans. Arrival Vans also feature a large windscreen for improved

visibility. The driver door of the Arrival Van slides into the body to protect pedestrians from swinging doors and reduce the potential damage from curbside objects. Arrival Vans also have a flexible battery pack configuration which can be sized according to the range requirement of the customer. Rather than paying for a battery pack with full range regardless of whether the vehicles in a customer’s fleet require that capacity, each Arrival Van’s battery pack can be sized for the customer’s needs, thus saving on the upfront purchase cost.

Arrival believes that the Arrival Van is priced competitively with fossil fuel equivalents, provides better payload and cargo volume than competitive vehicles and has a lower TCO. As a result, Arrival believes it is well positioned to capture significant market share.

Arrival Bus

LOGO

The upper left image shows the exterior of the Arrival Bus including the exterior display screens that run the entire length of the bus. The upper right image shows the interior of the bus with a view towards the rear, highlighting the large side windows, skylights and rear window. The lower left image shows the interior of the bus looking towards the front of the bus and highlighting one of the interior display screens as well as the driver’s HMI screen. The lower right image highlights the cantilever seating and the interior display screens that run the length of the bus interior.

The Arrival Bus targets private and public transit operators with a product at similar pricing to diesel buses and lower TCO. For bus operators, regulatory requirements are driving the shift to electric buses and upfront price and TCO are significant purchasing considerations. As an example, the California Innovative Clean Transit rule requires that 25% of transit buses purchased by large transit agencies in 2023 must be electric. This requirement increases to 50% in 2026 and by 2029, agencies will no longer be allowed to buy a bus that isn’t electric. Other green requirements are being instituted around the world. Arrival believes the Arrival Bus has the lowest gross vehicle weight in its class at 16 metric tons, which Arrival believes is approximately 15% lower than the competition. Arrival believes that at eight metric tons the Arrival Bus has a 40% lower unladen weight than the competitive set. This weight improvement leads to better range efficiency and lower operating costs for operators.

The Arrival Bus utilizes many of the same components as the Arrival Van generating cost saving efficiencies across the two products. Similar to the Arrival Van, the Arrival Bus battery capacity can be customized to suit the operator’s needs resulting in further cost savings for operators. The modular nature of the Arrival Bus enables configurations for 35 feet, 40 feet, and 45 feet each with potential double decker applications.

The Arrival Bus has also been designed with the passenger in mind. Large windows and glass roof panels generate the feeling of spaciousness, safety, and security. The vehicle features large internal and external screens to facilitate passenger information and provide potential for operators to generate incremental revenue through a digital advertising platform. Cashless payments and adjustable seats that can be easily reconfigured to change layouts help operators to maintain distancing and cleanliness in a COVID environment. The Arrival Bus’s flexible seating configuration also provides operators with incremental seating capacity compared to other diesel or electric bus alternatives. The Arrival Bus features ramps and a fully flat floor for better accessibility. The flat floor, under which all the components (including batteries) are packaged, also facilitates easier servicing and maintenance for operators. Additionally, similar to the Arrival Van, the Arrival Bus is a connected vehicle providing users with location-based information and operators with tools to optimize the fleet and better manage vehicle health and performance.

Arrival believes these key features of the Arrival Bus, when combined with the lower manufacturing costs associated with Arrival’s microfactories, competitively position the Arrival Bus on price and TCO when compared to traditional diesel buses and other existing or planned electric bus alternatives.

Development Timelines

Arrival has four vehicle programs currently under development: the Arrival Bus, Arrival Van, large van and small vehicle platform. Arrival expects to commence production of its Arrival Bus by the end of 2021 with sales expected to begin in early 2022. The Arrival Van is scheduled to start production and sales in the third quarter of 2022. Arrival has made significant progress in the design of its EVs and components parts, as well as in the development of its manufacturing and assembly processes and vehicle and manufacturing technology platform:

•

Arrival prototype buses have completed over 1,000 kms of testing

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Prototype vans have been built and are being tested

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Arrival’s components have been in testing for the last two years

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Large van prototypes engineering release completed

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Arrival composite materials lab has been set up in Bicester, UK and pilot line equipment is being installed

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Arrival plant in Rock Hill, South Carolina lease is complete and currently being set up for bus production in 2021

Arrival must successfully complete certain development activities in order to meet its expected production dates. Arrival expects to complete bus product validation and van product validation, in 2021. The large van product validation is expected to follow in the first half of 2022. Arrival’s team of over 1,500 employees, including engineers, scientists, technicians and staff is committed to achieving the necessary milestones to meet its current production and commercialization timelines. However, delays may occur as a result of the development process, initial production hurdles and COVID-19.

Arrival’s Ecosystem

Arrival has designed and developed an owned and controlled ecosystem, which Arrival believes differentiates its business model from others in the electric vehicle industry, and in certain cases, the traditional OEM industry. An integral component to Arrival’s ecosystem is its employees. Arrival currently employs more than 1,500

employees globally. Arrival is a technology-first company and over 85% of its employees are engineers (including software engineers), most of whom have been focused on the research and development of enabling leading-edge technologies to produce Arrival’s best-in-class electric vehicles, which can be assembled in its low capex microfactories. Arrival’s ecosystem is technology focused and has been designed as one system with each functional area integrated and working together to reduce the cost of Arrival’s products. The following are the key strategies to Arrival’s ecosystem:

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Vehicle assembly in Arrival’s highly flexible, local microfactories that can be set up quickly with lower capital expenditures;

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Development of Arrival’s high and low voltage“plug & play” components that can be produced at lower cost, are upgradeable and are optimized for microfactory assembly into Arrival’s vehicles;

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Use a modular skateboard platform designed for microfactory assembly that is highly flexible for use across multiple vehicle variants and can be designed for multiple vehicle segments;

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Use of proprietary composite material instead of steel which results in lower cost, lower weight and lower tooling costs. Our proprietary composite material eliminates the need for large, costly and complicated stamping plants and paint shops; and

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Use of our in-house developed software to provide cost and service optimization for vehicle and fleet solutions.

Microfactories

Arrival has developed an industry-changing approach to manufacturing with its proprietary microfactory concept. Microfactories change the way vehicles are produced in numerous ways. Instead of using the traditional linear assembly line that operates at one speed with stations in a specific order, Arrival has designed its microfactories using technology cells. The order in which a vehicle moves through the technology cells is determined by microfactory software and the order the technology cells are used can be changed dynamically from one vehicle to the next. Furthermore, the technology cells can be reconfigured, enabling each microfactory to build multiple vehicle types.

Each technology cell performs specific tasks relating to the production of an electric vehicle. Linking the technology cells are autonomous mobile robots (“AMRs”), which are controlled by software designed and developed in-house by Arrival. Parts delivery and vehicle movement between the technology cells is accomplished with these AMRs. Arrival has worked in partnership with Comau for the design and simulation of the microfactories. Our electric vehicles have been designed for our microfactory production and utilize Arrival’s in-house plug-and-play modular components, proprietary modular skateboard, and proprietary composite materials. Collectively, our proprietary technology represents up to 70% of the Arrival Van’s total bill of materials.

LOGO

The photo shows a microfactory technology cell with four robot arms installed in the R&D lab. In the foreground is a prototype AMR.

Each microfactory is designed to provide several competitive advantages for Arrival including lower capital investment and operating costs as well as efficient scalability. The size of each microfactory will be approximately 200,000 square feet and will be able to manufacture 10,000 vans per year or 1,000 buses per year assuming two shifts per day. Each microfactory will be staffed with approximately 250 employees. Arrival anticipates each microfactory will take approximately six months to complete. In contrast, a traditional OEM assembly plant is a purpose-built facility with approximately two million square feet of floor space which takes multiple years to construct. Annual volumes in a traditional OEM assembly plant are typically 100,000 to 300,000 units per year with several thousand employees. The reduced time to completion of our microfactories compared to a traditional OEM manufacturing facility is enabled by the absence of metal stamping and there being no requirement for a paint shop.

The capital investment required for each microfactory is estimated to be approximately $45-$50 million while the annual operating expenses per microfactory are estimated to be approximately $12 million. When comparing to a traditional OEM assembly plant’s volume of 100,000 vans/year, Arrival estimates the cost structure aggregated across ten of its van microfactories would result in an approximate 50% savings in capital investment and approximately 50% savings in annual operating expenses compared to the cost structure of a traditional OEM facility.

Arrival believes each microfactory can achieve an annual gross margin of $100 million per year, assuming either 10,000 vans or 1,000 buses are manufactured and sold per year. Arrival believes the efficiency in its microfactory cost structure positions Arrival to be free cash flow positive, after allowing for its global overhead expenses, once Arrival reaches full production and sales for three currently planned microfactories.

Arrival’s microfactories are highly scalable and can be deployed locally in major metropolitan cities worldwide. Arrival can locate its microfactories close to its customers. The flexibility of Arrival’s microfactories will also enable it to design and develop purpose-built electric vehicles for its customers. The presence of Arrival’s microfactories in numerous communities worldwide will support local job creation and also create taxable income for local governments and municipalities.

In-House Plug-and-Play Modular Components

Arrival has developed cutting edge hardware that positions our company to achieve substantial cost reductions for parts, share components across multiple vehicle platforms, offer upgradeable components throughout a vehicle’s lifecycle, and utilize these components that have been designed specifically for assembly using microfactories. The criteria Arrival used to determine which components to design internally included cost reduction opportunities, improved customer experience characteristics, and the ability to incorporate plug-and-play modules whereby the components can be connected via software.

Certain components that Arrival has designed in-house include DCDC modules, Input Output modules, HMI modules, battery modules, and the drive control unit. Arrival currently outsources certain other components including braking systems, airbags, safety belts, and steering systems as these are important safety systems with lengthy development and validation timelines.

Cost savings for components can be achieved by leveraging Arrival’s intellectual property portfolio. Because Arrival owns the intellectual property for the design of all Arrival components, it can select the most efficient Tier-2 or Tier-3 automotive suppliers to manufacture those components. Since Arrival developed the intellectual property in-house, it also saves on Tier-1 supplier development costs.

Arrival components incorporate over the air (“OTA”) connectivity, allowing for updates to improve efficiency and functionality, whilst also providing data to fleet operators about their component status and health. In addition, the plug-and-play nature of Arrival’s components has been designed to maximize the interchangeability across its various vehicle platforms. This interchangeability affords Arrival the opportunity to be more cost-efficient with its design, procurement, and manufacturing processes. The in-house design of Arrival’s plug-and-play components improves the time to market for its vehicles such that it expects that new vehicle platforms can be designed and developed in approximately 18 months compared to three years or more for traditional vehicle manufacturers.

Arrival has completed more than two years of on-road testing and development for the majority of its in-house plug-and-play components. These components are also currently meeting Arrival’s initial cost estimates as well as industry-standard automotive-grade requirements. Arrival has secured approximately 40% of its Tier 2 and Tier 3 supplier network and is currently in the process of securing the remaining vendors. Arrival anticipates its supplier network will be fully established in time to meet its initial vehicle production timelines.

Modular Skateboard

Arrival has designed modular skateboard platforms that enable flexible vehicle configurations and automated microfactory assembly. Arrival’s skateboard structure is the foundation over which it can engineer specific purpose-built vehicles that meet the local requirements and specifications of its global client base.

A key component of the Arrival skateboard is its aluminum structure that optimizes strength and stiffness. It was designed to be modular and flexible to accommodate different vehicle types and sizes. The same skateboard

platform can be used for front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive, and all-wheel drive vehicles. Extrusions and castings allow Arrival to reduce tooling costs and capital investment requirements when compared to traditional stamped sheet metal construction. With Arrival’s composite panels and adhesive joining processes, the modular skateboard platform eliminates welding and standardizes interfaces between skateboard components. Arrival’s skateboard platforms are designed for different weight classes, enabling vehicles for different segments, while still sharing many of the same proprietary Arrival components. The design of Arrival’s skateboard also provides flexibility for different battery pack configurations. By changing the number of Arrival battery modules, the vehicle battery pack can be customized to suit customer needs and lower the vehicle’s acquisition cost.

Arrival’s skateboard enables a fully flat floor from the front of the driver compartment to the rear of the vehicle. The low floor design leads to increased cargo efficiency and a low step-in height. Arrival’s skateboard is extremely flexible and can be used across multiple vehicle types leading to increased scalability across its vehicle product suite.

Consistent with Arrival’s modular plug-and-play components, the Arrival skateboard was designed for production in its microfactories utilizing its robotic cell technology. Arrival’s skateboard has passed simulation crash tests and Arrival has commenced physical tests. Test results to date have been positive. Arrival believes the development of its modular skateboard will meet its initial vehicle production timelines.

Proprietary Composite Materials

Arrival has reinvented the way the automotive industry approaches materials. Arrival has developed proprietary composite materials that are lightweight and result in lower tooling costs for its production process. These proprietary composite materials are used for both exterior and interior body panels. The characteristics of Arrival’s proprietary composite materials positions it to provide bespoke panel designs to its fleet customers. One of the unique aspects of Arrival’s proprietary composite materials is that it does not require traditional metal stamping or painting during the production process. These processes are cumbersome and expensive—without them, Arrival believes its microfactories can achieve significant cost savings both in capital investment and operating expenses.

The proprietary composite materials are lightweight and versatile and have 25 times lower tooling costs compared to traditional sheet metal dies. The composite material tooling also has significantly shorter lead times than traditional sheet metal dies, enabling Arrival’s vehicle development programs to be approximately 18 months. The underlying raw materials are widely available and are automotive grade.

The ultra-tough durability of Arrival’s proprietary composite materials reduces the cost of repairs compared to traditional sheet metal panels that require frequent cosmetic repair or replacement. This durability contributes to the TCO savings achievable with Arrival vehicles. Arrival’s proprietary composite materials can maintain their performance criteria even at extreme temperatures. Arrival believes the development of its proprietary composite materials will meet its initial vehicle production timelines.

Proprietary In-House Software Architecture

A core enabler to Arrival’s competitive positioning is its proprietary in-house software architecture. Arrival’s software team consists of more than 500 software engineers. Its software engineer to mechanical engineer ratio is 1:1, which it believes compares favorably to an estimated traditional OEM ratio of approximately 1:100. Arrival believes its centralized software architecture has entered into the 5^th generation of development, which it believes positions it as one of the leading software-centric electric vehicle manufacturers. Arrival’s hardware and software architecture are decoupled and provide it the ability to harmonize its system infrastructure across its plug-and-play modular components. Arrival’s software architecture has been designed utilizing cloud-based connectivity. Each of Arrival’s electric vehicles is supported by OTA upgradable plug-and-play modular components. Additionally, Arrival’s software architecture has been designed to support open API’s, which

provide its fleet customers the ability to integrate and connect Arrival’s electric vehicles into its own software platforms. Arrival’s in-house software architecture also includes autonomous-ready capabilities.

Internal Tools. As part of Arrival’s proprietary in-house software architecture, it has developed software applications to improve its design and development capabilities both for its electric vehicles and for operations inside of its microfactories. This software allows Arrival to design and manufacture purpose-built electric vehicles that provide solutions to meet its customers’ local needs and specific requirements. Arrival’s proprietary in-house software architecture also enables the functionality of the robots and the AMRs operating in its microfactories. Arrival believes having control over its design and manufacturing software positions it to continuously improve the performance of its electric vehicles and the efficiency of its microfactory production processes.

In-Vehicle Software. Arrival has designed proprietary in-vehicle software that both elevates drivers’ and passengers’ experiences while also providing pertinent vehicle performance data. Certain of Arrival’s proprietary driver software applications include in-console route planning and directions. For Arrival buses, riders can receive route status information along with local community event information. For Arrival bus operators, additional revenue opportunities can be achieved through software enabled exterior advertising displays. Arrival’s proprietary in-vehicle software was designed to provide access to vehicle data through an API interface. Arrival’s in-vehicle software has also been designed to optimize hardware usage, such as leveraging sensors across multiple functions.

Customer-Facing Software. Arrival’s proprietary customer-facing software was designed utilizing cloud-based tools to maximize its customers’ ownership experience and to lower their TCO. Arrival’s diagnostic software tools provide customers the ability to remotely monitor their electric vehicles performance, detect early vehicle symptoms, and schedule predictive maintenance. Arrival’s fleet management software architecture provides customers with a highly algorithmic fleet management portal. Applications include fleet simulations and direct route assignments to drivers. Other informative fleet analytics can be incorporated based on a specific customer’s preferences.

Intellectual Property

Arrival’s success depends in part upon its ability to protect its own intellectual property (“IP”) and core technologies. Arrival protects its intellectual property rights in the U.S., the U.K., Europe, and abroad, through a combination of patent, trademarks, designs and trade secret protection, as well as having confidentiality and invention assignments with our employees and consultants. As a result of Arrival’s vertically integrated approach and strong IP portfolios, up to approximately 70% of the Arrival Van and approximately 40% of the materials used to produce the Arrival Bus is either owned or controlled by Arrival.

As of November 30, 2020, Arrival has approximately 203 innovations that have been filed in various jurisdictions including the United States Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO”), United Kingdom Intellectual Property Office (“UKIPO”) and the European Patent Office (“EPO”). The filed innovations can be broadly organized into the following categories:

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Battery related innovations

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Composite material innovations

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Microfactory and vehicle design flow innovations

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Modular hardware and modular software innovations

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Robotics related innovations

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Van innovations

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Bus innovations

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Small vehicle innovations

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Miscellaneous inventions related to vehicle parts/and systems

Arrival expects to develop additional intellectual property and proprietary technology in the above categories over time. As Arrival develops its technology, it will continue to assess whether additional trademark or patent applications or other intellectual property registrations are appropriate. Arrival also seeks to protect its intellectual property and proprietary technology, including trade secrets and know-how, through limited access, confidentiality and other contractual agreements with its suppliers, customers and collaborators.

Arrival cannot be certain that it will be able to adequately develop and protect its intellectual property rights, or that other companies will not claim that it is infringing upon their intellectual property rights. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Arrival.”

Research and Development

Arrival has invested and continues to invest significant resources into ongoing research and development programs as it believes its ability to grow its market position depends, in part, on breakthrough technologies that offer a unique value proposition for Arrival’s customers and differentiation from its competitors.

The majority of Arrival’s research and development activities take place within its headquarters facility in the UK and at its development partners’ facilities located around the world.

The primary areas of focus for research and development include, but are not limited to:

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Rapid Engineering Design Tools

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Mobility as a service offerings

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New vehicle concepts, platforms and segments

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Materials research

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Charging infrastructure

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Fintech and insurance

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New servicing and maintenance technologies and solutions

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Robotics

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Digital sales platform

Arrival’s research and development team consist of over 1,100 people with many from multidisciplinary backgrounds and education. Arrival believes that its technology will provide the following current and future opportunities:

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Arrival’s proprietary modular skateboard platform allows for multiple vehicle platforms and variants. Arrival believes this configurable design enables customization for local markets and accelerated entry into new vehicle segments.

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Arrival is building multiple customer-facing software packages such as vehicle health monitoring, fleet optimization tools, and driver applications that work with its vehicles.

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Arrival’s vehicles have been designed with the sensing, computing and chassis system capabilities required for the implementation of autonomous driving that can be used as vehicle platforms by third-party companies developing autonomous software.

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Finally, various regulatory agencies are adopting credit mechanisms to encourage the adoption of electric commercial vehicles. As Arrival only manufactures EVs, it expects to generate a surplus of these credits. These credits can then be sold to OEMs that are at risk of not meeting their regulatory credit requirements.

Sales and Marketing

Arrival plans to initially market its EVs directly to large van and bus fleet owners through its sales teams in the U.S., the UK and Europe. Over time these sales teams will be expanded to cover more regions. In addition, Arrival is developing an online sales tool targeting small to medium enterprises. Arrival’s customer outreach will be supported through marketing campaigns on Arrival’s website, social media platforms, interviews, podcasts, press releases and potentially physical experience centers to build awareness. Arrival’s marketing strategy is focused primarily on using online methods and positive experiences that generate word of mouth.

Arrival’s initial target customers for the Arrival Van are large commercial vehicle fleet owners, such as delivery and logistics providers, e-commerce companies and other operators of large in-house fleets. Over time, Arrival expects to also target the small to medium size enterprises and individual owners who make up the majority of the market. However, Arrival expects that its microfactory approach will allow it to expand rapidly across multiple countries and cities around the world.

Arrival has signed non-binding letters of intent with various customers that outline the potential development and commercialization of its vans and buses. Arrival has also signed letters of intent in the UK for over 3,000 vans from customers in logistics, grocery and e-commerce segments, and is in late stage sales discussions for an additional letter of intent to sell over 5,000 additional vehicles. Arrival expects that these letters of intent will evolve into production supply agreements with purchase commitments as the start of production date approaches. However, none of the existing letters of intent provide for a firm commitment on the part of the customer and are generally conditional on vehicle trials. Arrival is currently building pre-production buses for use in customer trials throughout next year. There can be no assurance that Arrival will receive production purchase orders from these customers. Until and when Arrival receives such production orders, such customers are not obligated to purchase the vehicles.

Facilities

London, UK - Global R&D Office Headquarters

In July 2018, Arrival moved into its research and development office headquarters in London. Over 440 employees work out of this location (when not working from home).

Charlotte, NC - U.S. Headquarters

In December 2020, Arrival signed a lease for its U.S. headquarters in Charlotte, North Carolina which comprises over 40,000 square feet of office space. Arrival expects to hire approximately 150 people primarily with engineering, sales, marketing and finance backgrounds.

Banbury, UK - R&D Site

Since 2017, Arrival has been operating out of its research and development facility in Banbury, UK which consists of more than 110,000 square feet and where Arrival is capable of designing, building, and testing prototype vehicles in-house. Over 220 employees work out of this location (when not working from home).

Microfactories

Arrival has two microfactories currently being commissioned. Arrival plans on establishing 31 microfactories by 2024.

Bicester, UK—Van Factory

In December 2019, Arrival leased property located in Bicester, UK. Arrival intends for this microfactory location to initially focus on building electric vans with Arrival’s vertically integrated approach to vehicle production. Arrival is expected to begin operations at Bicester in the first quarter of 2022, with the start of production in the third quarter of 2022. The location of the site is well suited for a manufacturing facility due to the availability of a trained labor force in the area and its proximity to London, which is expected to be a major UK market for Arrival Vans.

South Carolina—Bus Factory

In October 2020, Arrival leased a property located in Rock Hill, South Carolina. Arrival intends for this microfactory location to initially focus on building electric buses with Arrival’s vertically integrated approach to vehicle production. Arrival is expected to begin operations at Rock Hill in the second quarter of 2021, with the start of production in the fourth quarter of 2021. The location of the site is well suited for a manufacturing facility due to the trained labor force available in the area, its proximity to several large urban centers and the available logistics links.

Parts and Servicing

Arrival anticipates that servicing and maintenance of its EVs will be lower than the traditional ICE vehicles due to there being fewer moving parts and considerably reduced mechanical complexity of the components. The increased reliability of Arrival’s EVs will mean that less preventive maintenance is required when compared to ICE vehicles, leading to better uptime and lower maintenance costs.

Arrival is building a network of service providers and a preventive maintenance program to address its customers needs. Arrivals’ vehicles have a system of sensors and controls that allow for precise monitoring of the vehicle and component operation performance. Arrival will use this data to provide smart predictive maintenance that will decrease downtime and costs by identifying a potential problem before it results in a breakdown. Arrival will have the ability to provide over the air updates and software fixes when the vehicle is parked. This can significantly reduce the time for repair and improve uptime.

In cases where a customer has its own maintenance infrastructure, Arrival will identify and provide procedures for items that can be maintained at the customer’s shops. This could include procedures such as tire changes, wiper and windshield repair, and brake servicing. In cases where the customer does not have a maintenance infrastructure or for more complex items, Arrival will either service the vehicles itself or use third party partners.

If a vehicle requires maintenance of a complex system such as the battery, some of those items can be swapped or replaced with relative ease. This allows us to repair the faulty component quickly while minimizing vehicle downtime. Arrival will also develop a network of trained technicians who can travel to a customer or service partner site as necessary.

Employees

As of January 31, 2021, Arrival had 1,598 full-time employees based primarily in the United Kingdom (865), Europe and Rest of World (692) and the United States (41). Over 85% of Arrival’s employees are engaged in research and development and related functions. Arrival anticipates significant employee growth as it approaches commercialization. Arrival’s targeted employees to hire typically have significant experience working for well-respected OEMs, automotive engineering firms and software and robotics companies. To date, Arrival has not experienced any work stoppages and considers its relationship with its employees to be in good standing. None of Arrival’s employees are either represented by a labor union or subject to a collective bargaining agreement.

Regulatory Landscape

Arrival is, and will be, subject to extensive vehicle safety and testing and environmental regulations in the European Union, the United Kingdom, the United States and other jurisdictions in which it manufactures or sells its vehicles. Government regulations regarding the manufacture, sale and implementation of products and systems similar to Arrival’s EVs are subject to future change. Arrival cannot predict what effect, if any, such changes will have upon its business. Violations of these regulations may result in substantial civil and criminal fines, penalties and/or orders to cease the operations in violation or to conduct or pay for corrective work. In some instances, violations may also result in the suspension or revocation of permits and licenses. Below is a brief description of the more material regulatory requirements in European Union, United Kingdom and the United States which are initially the jurisdictions where Arrival will conduct most of their operations. Arrival does not expect that regulatory requirements in other jurisdictions in which they expand their business will be materially different than those described below.

Vehicle Safety and Testing Regulation

Arrival’s bus and van products have been designed to meet the requirements applicable to passenger buses and delivery vans in the United States, European Union and United Kingdom.

United States

Arrival’s vehicles are subject to, and comply with, numerous regulatory requirements established by the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (“NHTSA”), including applicable U.S. federal motor vehicle safety standards (“FMVSS”). As a manufacturer, Arrival must self-certify that the vehicles meet or are exempt from all applicable FMVSSs before a vehicle can be imported into or sold in the U.S. These standards include crashworthiness and crash avoidance requirements and EV requirements (e.g., those relating to limitations on electrolyte spillage, battery retention and the avoidance of electric shock after certain crash tests). Arrival expects that its vehicles will meet or otherwise be exempt from all applicable FMVSS. Additionally, there are regulatory changes being considered for several FMVSS, and though Arrival expects to comply with such FMVSS, there is no assurance of compliance until the final regulatory changes have been enacted.

In addition to FMVSS, Arrival must comply with other NHTSA requirements and other federal laws and regulations administered by NHTSA, including early warning reporting requirements regarding warranty claims, field reports, death and injury reports, recalls and owner’s manual requirements. Arrival also must comply with the Automobile Information and Disclosure Act, which requires OEMs to disclose certain information regarding the OEM’s suggested retail price, optional equipment and pricing. Further, this law allows inclusion of fuel economy ratings, as determined by the U.S. EPA, and crash test ratings, as determined by NHTSA, if such tests are conducted.

Arrival is also subject to regulations issued by the United States Department of Transportation relating to vehicle safety and operation, the United States Federal Communications Commission relating to its approval of radio frequency devices and orders issued by the California Air Resources Board including relating to LEV and GHG, the Advanced Clean Truck Rule and Zero Emission Powertrains.

European Union

Arrival’s vehicles are subject to, and comply with the European Community Whole Vehicle Type Approval (ECWVTA) Framework EU 2018/858, including 52 different regulations in scope for commercial vans and transit relating to steering equipment, bus and coach construction, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and vehicle range.

The Arrival Bus and Arrival Van consist of many electronic and automated components and systems. Arrival’s vehicles are designed to comply with the International Standards Organization’s (“ISO”), Functional Safety

Standard. This standard addresses the integration of electrical systems and software and identifies the possible hazards caused by malfunctioning behavior of the safety-related electrical or electronic systems, including the interaction of these systems. Arrival’s approach in following ISO 26262 exceeds the minimum regulatory requirement for a Safety System to address Complex Electronic Systems which is mandated in some regulations (e.g., Braking and Steering).

Arrival vehicles will be approved by an EU Approval Authority following witness testing and a factory audit to confirm procedures for Conformity of Production. As part of this activity Arrival is implementing ISO 9001, an internationally recognized quality standard, in its production facilities and relevant supporting organizations within the group. Vehicles leaving the Arrival factories will be supplied with a Certificate of Conformity which is used to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of 2018/858 during the vehicle registration process.

United Kingdom

The UK has adopted the EU requirements post Brexit transition, so in addition to European Type Approval Arrival will also provide the same documentation to the UK authorities and receive a UK National Type Approval. There is no additional testing required and the technical requirements are the same as for EU markets.

Other Markets

Market analysis has shown a strong correlation between European and US regulatory requirements and other key target markets, requiring minimal design changes to gain regulatory approval in these markets including:

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Gulf States—based on U.S. requirements

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China—based on EU requirements

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South Korea—based on EU, U.S. requirements

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India—based on EU requirements

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Brazil—based on U.S. requirements

Arrival’s vehicles have been designed to meet the regulatory requirements of the most rigorous subdivisions/states within each country. Arrival has considered the most rigorous requirements from each market in which the vehicles will be deployed, including industry standards and other due care requirements determined by Arrival above and beyond the regulations.

Vehicle Accessibility Requirements

The accessibility features of each of the vehicle models are set out below.

The Arrival Bus is designed to meet applicable regulations relating to vehicle accessibility including a wheelchair ramp at the front door, wheelchair securement areas, priority seating, interior design to permit movement of wheelchairs and other riders throughout the vehicles. Arrival is conducting analysis to ensure that non-transit and digital products are all accessible to a range of users.

Battery Safety and Testing Regulation

Arrival’s vehicles and batteries have been designed to comply with the latest regulatory requirements relating to the transportation design, testing, manufacture and use of lithium ion batteries, electric power trains, and Rechargeable Electrical Energy Storage System (REESS), of road vehicles.

Arrival’s vehicles are designed to ISO standards for electrically-propelled vehicles in vehicle operational safety specifications and connecting to an external power supply. Additionally, Arrival is incorporating other ISO battery system standards in its vehicles.

Environmental Regulations

Arrival’s microfactories are set up for environmental best practice, and Arrival is working towards recognized standards such as ISO 14001 for environmental management. The relatively small footprint of a microfactory means it can fit into existing industrial land, reducing the need to clear large areas for development. This also means planning rights and permissions are often already in place for the activities carried out in the factory, reducing time from inception to deployment. Arrival’s activities are subject to environmental regulations, based on the location and scope of operations; an overview of these is provided below:

Environmental Permitting

Many national and local authorities require industrial sites to obtain permits for carrying out operations which have the potential to cause environmental impacts. For example, in the UK, the Environmental Permitting (England and Wales) Regulations 2016 include aspects such as carbon emissions from fuel-burning appliances, use and storage of hazardous substances, and discharge of wastewater/effluent amongst other factors. Arrival’s microfactories are exempt or below thresholds for many of these permits due to their relatively small size, and the fact that Arrival does not require hazardous aspects such as paint spraying lines. Arrival reviews and manages any potential requirements for environmental permits through its environmental management system, comparing the operations at each site with the most up to date regulations to ensure any permits required are obtained, complied with, and kept up to date.

End of Life Vehicles

The EU end of life vehicle (ELV) regulations are in place to ensure vehicle manufacturers design, produce, and manage their vehicles to reduce waste and maximise material recovery at the point a vehicle is dismantled. Arrival complies with the ELV regulations through various initiatives such as providing guidance for dismantling, labelling of recyclable materials, compliance with material restrictions as detailed below, and will provide a take-back service for vehicles with a negative or zero value where required.

Hazardous Waste and Battery Recycling

The disposal of hazardous wastes and batteries is subject to regulations in many regions, such as the Hazardous Waste (England and Wales) Regulations 2005 in the UK, and the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) in the U.S., and Arrival takes responsibility for any hazardous wastes which may be generated at its sites. For any damaged or scrap lithium-ion batteries, Arrival works with local recycling partners to ensure batteries are packaged, stored, and transported in compliance with UN 38.3 Transportation of Dangerous Goods, UN 3480 Lithium Ion Batteries.

Carbon and Energy Reporting

Arrival participates in carbon and energy reporting schemes, such as the Streamlined Energy & Carbon Reporting (SECR) regulations in the UK. Arrival will report its energy usage and resulting carbon emissions annually, and report on current and future energy efficiency measures to further reduce its impact on the environment.

Restricted and Banned Substances

Arrival produces vehicles for a global market, where varying regulations exist depending on vehicle type and location. Arrival works closely with its suppliers and holds them to international standards such as those collated by the Global Automotive Declarable Substances List (GADSL) for hazardous and restricted substances, tracking the compliance of all vehicle components.

Legal Proceedings

From time to time, Arrival may become involved in additional legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of its business. On February 8, 2021, the Company, Arrival and Merger Sub were named as defendants along with CIIG and its directors in a lawsuit brought by an alleged stockholder of CIIG. See “The Business Combination—Litigation Relating to the Business Combination.”

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis provides information which Arrival’s management believes is relevant to an assessment and understanding of Arrival’s results of operations and financial condition. This discussion and analysis should be read together with the section of this prospectus entitled “Selected Historical Consolidated Financial Information of Arrival” and the audited and unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes of Arrival that are included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion and analysis should also be read together with the section of this prospectus entitled “Business” and the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020 (in the section of this prospectus entitled “Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information”). In addition to historical financial information, this discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements based upon current expectations that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. See the section entitled “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.” Actual results and timing of selected events may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth under “Risk Factors” or elsewhere in this prospectus.

Overview

Arrival’s mission is to transform the design, assembly and distribution of commercial EVs and accelerate the mass adoption of EVs globally. Founded in 2015, and now with over 1,500 employees, Arrival develops vertically integrated technologies and products that create a new approach to the design and assembly of EVs. Arrival believes its proprietary in-house developed components, materials, software and robotic technologies, when combined with its low cost and scalable microfactories, will enable it to produce EVs that are competitively priced to fossil fuel variants and with a substantially lower total cost of ownership to its customers.

The initial focus for Arrival is the production of commercial electric vehicle vans and buses. Arrival believes this segment of the automotive market is currently underserved by other electric vehicle manufacturers and is a global market with significant scale opportunities. Arrival also believes the commercial vehicle segment will move quickly to electric vehicles, and that this migration will be supported worldwide by local, state, and national government policies that either encourage electric vehicle usage via subsidies or enact usage taxes on fleet operators who continue to operate fossil fuel vehicles. Arrival also believes that commercial fleet operators will be attracted to EV’s in general, and Arrival’s vehicles in particular, because of their lower TCO. Commercial fleet operators have well understood range requirements, and the vehicles typically return to a central depot every evening where the vehicles can be charged overnight. For all these reasons, Arrival expects the commercial vehicle fleets to migrate to EVs even more quickly than automotive retail segments.

The Arrival Van is designed for commercial use by large fleet owners particularly in the transportation, e-commerce and logistics industries with an estimated initial addressable market of two million units by 2025 representing $70 billion. When including the addressable market for fossil fuel commercial vans, Arrival believes its total addressable market increases to approximately $280 billion. The expected start of production for the Arrival Van is the third quarter of 2022. On October 8, 2020, Arrival entered into a vehicle sales agreement with UPS, under which UPS has agreed to purchase 10,000 EVs with an option to purchase up to an additional 10,000 EVs. This agreement has a total aggregate order value of up to $1.2 billion (including the option) and may be cancelled or modified by UPS at any time.

The Arrival Bus is designed for use by public and private transit operators, with an estimated initial addressable market of 131,000 units by 2025, representing $40 billion. When including the addressable market for fossil fuel commercial buses, Arrival believes its total addressable market increases to approximately $154 billion. Arrival has entered into non-binding letters of intent with potential customers to purchase Arrival Buses, which are expected to start production in the fourth quarter of 2021.

On November 4, 2019, Arrival and HKMC entered into an agreement to jointly develop vehicles using Arrival’s technologies. This partnership will leverage the use of Arrival’s microfactories and software innovation. Arrival

will benefit from HKMC’s global footprint and economies of scale with the aim to reduce the cost of components.

The joint development agreement will expire on November 3, 2024. This development agreement prevents Arrival from developing EVs with other traditional OEMs until November 3, 2022.

On October 12, 2020, Arrival completed a private placement of an aggregate of 44,146,679 Class A Preferred Shares to strategic investors Winter Capital and funds and accounts managed by BlackRock at a price of €3.40909 per share, which represented approximately €150.5 million in gross proceeds not including closing fees. Arrival is using the proceeds from this private placement for general corporate purposes.

The Business Combination

For a description of the Business Combination, see “Prospectus Summary—Recent Developments—Business Combination.”

Key Factors Affecting Operating Results

Arrival is a pre-revenue company and believes that its performance and future success depends on several factors that present significant opportunities for it but also pose risks and challenges, including those discussed below and in the section of this prospectus entitled “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Arrival.”

Product Development

Arrival has four vehicle programs under development, the Arrival Bus, Arrival Van, large van and small vehicle platform. Arrival expects to commence production of its Arrival Bus in Q4 2021 with sales expected to begin in Q3 2022. The Arrival Van is scheduled to start production and sales in Q3 2022. Arrival has made significant progress in the design of its EVs and components parts, as well as in the development of its manufacturing and assembly processes and vehicle and manufacturing technology platform:

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Arrival prototype buses have completed over 1,000 kms of testing

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Prototype vans have been built and are being tested

•

Large van prototypes engineering release completed

•

Arrival composite materials lab has been set up in Bicester, UK and pilot line equipment is being installed

•

Arrival plant in Rock Hill, South Carolina lease is complete and currently being set up for bus production in 2021

However, Arrival must successfully complete certain major development activities in order to meet its expected production dates. Arrival expects to complete bus product validation and van product validation, in 2021. The large van product validation is expected to follow in the first half of 2022.

Arrival’s team of over 1,500 engineers, scientists, technicians and staff is committed to achieving the necessary milestones to meet its current production and commercialization timelines. However, delays may occur as a result of the development process, initial production hurdles and COVID-19. If there are delays, Arrival may require additional funds to continue its operations until it can begin to generate sales from the sale of its vehicles. For reference, Arrival is forecasted to spend approximately €204 million in 2021 on research and development and general and administrative expenses; accordingly, a six-month delay at this rate of spending would utilize approximately €102 million. This run rate may increase to the extent more resources are needed to meet Arrival’s objectives.

Until Arrival can generate sufficient revenue from product sales, it expects to finance its operations with the proceeds from the Business Combination, private placements of its securities, secondary public offerings, debt financings, collaborations, and licensing arrangements.

Commercialization

Arrival plans to initially market its EVs directly to large van and bus fleet owners through its sales teams in the U.S., UK and Europe. Over time these sales teams will be expanded to cover more regions. Arrival is also developing an online sales tool for small to medium enterprises. Arrival’s customer outreach will be supported through marketing campaigns on Arrival’s website, social media platforms, interviews, podcasts, press releases and potentially physical experience centers to build awareness. Arrival will also work with key partners for additional coverage. Arrival’s marketing strategy is focused primarily on using online methods and positive experiences that generate word of mouth.

Arrival currently has an order from UPS for its Arrival Van for 10,000 vehicles with an option to purchase an additional 10,000 vans, subject to amendment and cancellation by UPS. The total aggregate value of this order (including the option) is approximately $1.2 billion. Arrival has also received non-binding memorandums of understanding from 16 customers expressing strong interest in the Arrival Van and Arrival Bus. Although non-binding, Arrival believes they demonstrate clear demand that will lead to binding orders once they begin production of the Arrival Bus and Arrival Van and potential customers are able to see firsthand the performance and value of these vehicles.

Market Trends and Competition

Arrival Van

The Global Light Commercial Vehicle Market (3.5 tons and below) is estimated to be between 10-13 million units per year. While the Global parc has remained fairly static in recent years, the growing pressure for more clean air zones and environmental commitments from governments has resulted in a growing demand for electric fueled vehicles. An upsurge in customers and fleet operators committing to move away from combustion to electric vans has seen forecasts estimating a 30%-50% penetration by 2030.

While traditional OEM’s like Mercedes-Benz, Ford and Volkswagen have started their transition to EVs, they still have a heavy investment in combustion-fueled vehicles and the shift of diesel powertrains to electric is a slow and expensive process. This has created more demand than supply which has resulted in higher prices for electric vans (50-70% higher cost than combustion vehicles) with limitations on payload and availability. Mercedes recently launched the eSprinter available in one length, with a low range capability and price tag in EU of €60,000. Renault Master and Iveco Daily are the only existing models in the market with similar load capacity to Arrival, but both are redesigns of their diesel counterparts and therefore, heavy and expensive, between €60,000 and €80,000, resulting in very little market penetration to date.

Arrival vans have the flexibility and payload capabilities of current combustion vehicles and have been designed from the bottom up with customers in mind. Features have been designed not based on historical practice but customer needs and requirements as well as equipping vehicles with advanced software capabilities and upgrades. In addition, Arrival’s strong battery range capabilities are expected to reduce any customer range anxiety and its high standard specification and simplified market approach means Arrival vans should fit the majority of customer needs. A microfactory set up means we can rely on local supply chains and create vehicles fit for local market requirements without high costs for vehicle and part transportation. Arrival believes as a result of all of these factors, it can produce a light commercial van at a highly attractive price that is closer to prices for combustion vehicles, but with better payload capacity, cargo volume and efficiency than currently available in the market.

Arrival Bus

With an addressable market of over 130,000 vehicles yearly, the transit bus market creates a strong opportunity for Arrival and its innovative product design and technology. The bus market is in need of environmental reform particularly in the following two areas: bus fleets must be converted into zero emission vehicles and a good public transport experience has the potential of lowering the number of private vehicles on the road. Both are imperatives for major cities around the world. However, local governments and operators have reservations about this change, as it represents a significant financial investment and the use of technology that evolves at a fast pace.

Arrival believes the customer centric design and strong dimensions/performance ratio (50% payload to GVW ratio versus approximately 33% for Mercedes E-Citaro and 29% Yutong E12) of the Arrival Bus together with its competitive price point relative to ICE vehicles and other electric buses puts it in a unique position to accelerate needed transit bus reform.

Regulatory Landscape

Arrival is, and will be, subject to significant regulation relating to vehicle safety and testing, vehicle accessibility, battery safety and testing and environmental regulation in the United States, European Union, the United Kingdom and other markets. These requirements create additional costs and possibly production delay in connection with design, testing and manufacturing of Arrival’s vehicles. For a discussion of these requirements, see the section entitled “Business—Regulatory Landscape” in this prospectus.

COVID-19

On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a “Public Health Emergency of International Concern” and on March 11, 2020, declared it to be a pandemic. Actions taken around the world to help mitigate the spread of COVID-19 include restrictions on travel, quarantines in certain areas and forced closures for certain types of public places and businesses. COVID-19 and actions taken to mitigate its spread have had and are expected to continue to have an adverse impact on the economies and financial markets of many countries, including the geographical area in which Arrival operates.

As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve, the extent of the impact on Arrival’s businesses, operating results, cash flows, liquidity and financial condition will be primarily driven by the severity and duration of the pandemic, the pandemic’s impact on the U.S. and global economies and the timing, scope and effectiveness of federal, state and local governmental responses to the pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in government authorities implementing numerous measures to try to contain the virus, such as travel bans and restrictions, quarantines, stay-at-home or shelter-in-place orders, and business shutdowns. These measures may adversely impact Arrival’s employees and operations and the operations of its suppliers, vendors and business partners, and may negatively impact Arrival’s sales and marketing activities and the production schedule of its vehicles. In March 2020, Arrival created a committee comprised of 24 members from its human resources, strategy, operations, legal and compliance, and products teams to monitor the overall impact of COVID-19 and manage Arrival’s overall response and guidance moving forward during the COVID-19 pandemic. The spread of COVID-19 has caused Arrival and many of its suppliers to modify their business practices (including employee travel and recommending that all non-essential personnel work from home), and Arrival and its suppliers may be required to take further actions as required by government authorities or that it determines are in the best interests of its employees, customers, suppliers, vendors and business partners. There is no certainty that such actions will be sufficient to mitigate the risks posed by the virus or otherwise be satisfactory to government authorities. If significant portions of Arrival’s workforce or suppliers are unable to work effectively, including due to illness, quarantines, social distancing, government actions or other restrictions in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic, Arrival’s operations will be impacted. These factors related to COVID-19 are beyond Arrival’s knowledge and control and, as a result, at this time, Arrival is unable to predict the ultimate impact, both in terms

of severity and duration, that the COVID-19 pandemic will have on Arrival’s business, operating results, cash flows and financial condition, but it could be material if the current circumstances continue to exist for a prolonged period of time.

Key Components of Statements of Operations

Basis of Presentation

Currently, Arrival conducts business through one operating segment. As of the date of this prospectus, Arrival is a pre-revenue company with no commercial operations, and its activities to date have been conducted in Europe and North America. Arrival’s historical results are reported in IFRS as issued by the IASB. For more information about Arrival’s basis of presentation, refer to Note 2 in the accompanying financial statements of Arrival included elsewhere in this prospectus.

Revenue

Arrival has not begun commercial operations and currently does not generate revenue. Once Arrival reaches commercialization and commences production and sales of its EVs which is expected with respect to the Arrival Bus and Arrival Van in Q3 2022, it expects that the significant majority of its revenue will be derived from the direct sale of its commercial electric buses and vans and thereafter other related products and services.

Cost of Revenue

As of the date of this prospectus, Arrival has not recorded cost of revenue, as it has not generated revenue. Once Arrival reaches commercialization and commences production of its EVs, it expects cost of revenue to include vehicle components and parts, including batteries, raw materials, direct labor costs, warranty costs and costs related to the operation of manufacturing facilities.

Administrative Expenses

Administrative expenses consist of the costs associated with employment of Arrival’s non-engineering staff, the costs associated with Arrival’s properties, and the depreciation of Arrival’s fixed assets, including depreciation of “right of use” assets in relation to Arrival’s leased property. Arrival expects administrative expenses to increase as its overall activity levels increase due to the construction and operation of microfactories.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses consist of the costs associated with the employment of Arrival’s engineering staff, third-party engineering consultants and program consumables. Costs associated with development projects such as vehicle programs, component programs and software products are capitalized as intangible assets under construction. For more information about Arrival’s accounting policy for intangible assets, refer to Note 3 in the accompanying financial statements of Arrival included elsewhere in this prospectus. Arrival expects research and development expenses to increase as it continues to develop its vehicles, components, microfactory technology and software.

Impairment Expense

Impairment expense relates primarily to research and development projects which have been capitalized as “assets under construction.” Management of Arrival evaluates the progress of each project every period and if it identifies any difference or change in the initial plan or expected future cash flows that the project will generate, the appropriate impairment amount is recorded to adjust the carrying amount of the development cost. Arrival expects its impairment expense to decrease as Arrival gets closer to the start of production of its vehicles and first generation of revenue from these programs.

Finance Income (Expense), Net

Finance income consists primarily of interest income and both realized and unrealized foreign exchange gains that have been created due to the fluctuation of the exchange rates between the Euro and the various other currencies that Arrival is using for its operations. Finance expense consists primarily of interest calculated on lease liabilities and both realized and unrealized foreign exchange losses that have been created due to the fluctuation of the rate between the Euro and the various other currencies that Arrival is using for its operations.

Results of Operations

Comparison of the Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 and 2019

The following table sets forth Arrival’s historical operating results for the periods indicated:


	Six Months Ended June 30,						€’000 Changes			% Changes
	2020			2019			€’000 Changes			% Changes
(in thousands)	€’000			€’000
Revenue		—			—			—			—
Cost of Revenue		—			—			—			—
Gross Profit		—			—			—			—
Administrative Expenses		(24,159	)		(11,567	)		(12,592	)		(109	%)
Research and Development Expenses		(4,723	)		(3,705	)		(1,018	)		(27	%)
Impairment Expense		(34	)		(2,131	)		2,097			98	%
Other Income		804			—			804			—
Other Expenses		(12	)		(113	)		101			89	%
Operating Loss		(28,124	)		(17,516	)		(10,608	)		(61	%)
Finance Income		1,337			2			1,335			NM
Finance Expense		(2,551	)		(1,003	)		(1,548	)		(154	%)
Net Finance Expense		(1,214	)		(1,001	)		(213	)		(21	%)
Loss Before Tax		(29,338	)		(18,517	)		(10,821	)		(58	%)
Tax Income		4,873			2,882			1,991			69	%
Loss for the Period		(24,465	)		(15,635	)		(8,830	)		(56	%)

Administrative Expenses

Administrative expenses increased €12.6 million, or 109%, from €11.6 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019 to €24.2 million in the six months ended June 30, 2020. The increase was primarily due to increased wages and salaries as Arrival expanded its headcount of non-engineering staff to support its expanding research and development programs, and increased rent and property utilities as Arrival acquired additional properties for use as research and development workshops, office locations and as future microfactories.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses increased by €1.0 million, or 27%, from €3.7 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019 to €4.7 million in the six months ended June 30, 2020. This increase was primarily due to increased wages and salaries as Arrival expanded its headcount of engineering staff to work on Arrival’s research and development programs.

Impairment Expense

Impairment expense decreased by €2.1 million, or 98%, from €2.1 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019 to €34,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2020. The impairment expense in the six months ended June 30, 2019 related to capitalized projects determined not to offer probable future net cash inflows and specific assets within capitalized projects that had been determined to no longer form part of the product.

Finance Income (Expense), Net

Net finance expense increased by €0.2 million, or 21% from €1.0 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019 to €1.2 million in the six months ended June 30, 2020. The increase was primarily due to the recognition of additional lease interest charges in line with IFRS lease recognition requirements on new properties, offset by the difference in realized and unrealized exchange gains in the periods.

Comparison of the Year Ended December 31, 2019 to the Year Ended December 31, 2018

The following table sets forth Arrival’s historical operating results for the periods indicated:


	Twelve Months Ended December 31,						€’000 Changes			% Changes
	2019			2018			€’000 Changes			% Changes
(in thousands)	€’000			€’000
Revenue		—			—			—			—

Cost of Revenue					—			—			—

Gross Profit					—			—			—

Administrative Expenses		(31,392	)		(16,769	)		(14,623	)		(87	%)
Research and Development Expenses		(11,149	)		(6,219	)		(4,930	)		(79	%)
Impairment Expense		(4,972	)		(9,347	)		4,375			47	%
Other Income		2,583			1,167			1,416			121	%
Other Expenses		(6,911	)		(13	)		(6,898	)		(53,062	%)

Operating Loss		(51,841	)		(31,181	)		(20,660	)		(66	%)

Finance Income		51			140			(89	)		(64	%)
Finance Expense		(3,235	)		(99	)		(3,136	)		(3,168	%)

Net Finance (Expense)/Income		(3,184	)		41			(3,225	)		(7,866	%)

Loss Before Tax		(55,025	)		(31,140	)		(23,885	)		(77	%)
Tax Income		6,929			951			5,978			629	%

Loss for the Year		(48,096	)		(30,189	)		(17,907	)		(59	%)

Administrative Expenses

Administrative expenses increased €14.6 million, or 87%, from €16.8 million in the twelve months ended December 31, 2018 to €31.4 million in the twelve months ended December 31, 2019. The increase was primarily due to increased wages and salaries as Arrival expanded its headcount of non-engineering staff to support its expanding research and development programs and increased rent and property utilities as it acquired additional properties for use as research and development workshops and office locations.

Research and Development Expenses

Research and development expenses increased by €4.9 million, or 79%, from €6.2 million in the year ended December 31, 2018 to €11.1 million in the year ended December 31, 2019. The increase was primarily due to increased wages and salaries as Arrival expanded its headcount of engineering staff to work on Arrival’s research and development programs and increased consumable costs in relation to these programs.

Impairment Expense

Impairment expense decreased by €4.3 million, or 46%, from €9.3 million in the year ended December 31, 2018 to €5.0 million in the year ended December 31, 2019. Impairment charges relate to capitalized projects assessed not to offer probable future net cash inflows and specific assets within capitalized projects that had been determined to no longer form part of the product.

Finance Income (Expense), Net

Finance income (expense), net increased by €3.2 million from net finance income of €41,000 in the year ended December 31, 2018 to net finance expense of €3.2 million in the year ended December 31, 2019. The increase was primarily due to additional lease interest charges in line with IFRS lease recognition requirements on new properties.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of the date of this prospectus, Arrival has yet to generate any revenue from its business operations. Since inception, Arrival has funded its operation, capital expenditure and working capital requirements through capital contributions and loans from its largest stockholder, Kinetik S.à r.l., private placements of its equity securities and investments from certain strategic partners.

As of October 31, 2020, Arrival’s cash and cash equivalents amounted to €123.6 million. On a pro forma basis, assuming consummation of the Business Combination on or before March 8, 2021 with cash proceeds of $660 million (approximately €556 million), including $400 million (approximately €337 million) gross proceeds from the PIPE transaction, Arrival’s cash and cash equivalents are expected to be approximately €506 million higher at closing, which amount will depend on the extent of redemptions by CIIG stockholders. Arrival expects its capital expenditures and working capital requirements to increase substantially in the near future, as it seeks to produce the Arrival Bus and Arrival van, develop its customer support and marketing infrastructure and continue its research and development efforts. Arrival believes that its cash on hand will be sufficient to meet its working capital and capital expenditure requirements for a period of at least two years from the date of this prospectus and sufficient to fund its operations until it commences production of the Arrival Bus and Arrival Van as currently contemplated. However, additional funding may be required for a variety of reasons, including, but not limited to, the proceeds of the Business Combination being less than anticipated due to excessive redemptions or the PIPE Investment being consummated for less than the full committed amount, delays in anticipated schedule to complete the design of the Arrival Bus or Arrival Van, or tooling of the necessary microfactories needed to start vehicle production as currently contemplated. In addition, Arrival’s budget projections may be subject to cost overruns for reasons outside of its control and it may experience slower sales growth than anticipated, which would pose a risk to Arrival achieving cash flow positivity.

If Arrival were to require additional funding or otherwise determined it was beneficial to seek additional sources of financing, Arrival believes that its strong, debt-free balance sheet would enable the Company to access financing on reasonable terms. However, there can be no assurance that such financing would be available to the Company on favorable terms or at all. If the financing is not available, or if the terms of financing are less desirable than Arrival expects, Arrival may be forced to decrease its level of investment in product development or scale back its operations, which could have an adverse impact on its business and financial prospects.

As an early stage growth company in the pre-commercialization stage of development, the net losses Arrival has incurred since inception are consistent with Arrival’s strategy and budget. Arrival will continue to incur net losses in accordance with Arrival’s operating plan as Arrival continues to expand its operations to meet anticipated demand.

Cash Flows Summary

Presented below is a summary of Arrival’s operating, investing and financing cash flows:


	For the Six Months Ended June 30,						For the Year Ended December 31,
	2020			2019			2019			2018
(in thousands)	€’000			€’000			€’000			€’000
Net cash provided by (used in)
Operating activities		(28,888	)		(12,851	)		(38,046	)		(20,412	)
Investing activities		(44,364	)		(18,040	)		(45,431	)		(25,025	)
Financing activities		6,771			33,944			178,624			41,052

Net change in cash and cash equivalents		(66,481	)		3,053			95,147			(4,385	)

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Arrival’s cash flows used in operating activities to date have been primarily comprised of costs related to development of its products, payroll, fluctuations in accounts payable and other current assets and liabilities. As Arrival expects to increase hiring leading up to the commencement of commercial operations, Arrival expects its cash used in operating activities to increase significantly before it starts to generate any material cash flows from its business.

Net cash used in operating activities was €28.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020 compared to €12.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019. The change of €16.0 million was primarily due to increased staff outflows relating to Arrival’s growing research and development teams.

Net cash used in operating activities was €38.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 compared to €20.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. The increase of €17.6 million was primarily due to increased outflows on staff and other project costs as Arrival expanded its research and development activities, as well as outflows on supporting infrastructure such as property costs.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Arrival’s cash flows used in investing activities to date have been primarily comprised of development expenditure (staff and project costs) capitalized as intangible fixed assets under construction in relation to the development of vehicles, vehicle components, software and microfactories. In addition, Arrival purchases tangible fixed assets (plant and equipment) in support of both research and development programs. Arrival expects the cost of investing activities to increase substantially in the near future as it ramps up program activity and microfactory construction ahead of commencing commercial operations.

Net cash used in investing activities was approximately €44.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020, and approximately €18.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019. In both periods this primarily consisted of cash outflows for development program expenditure (staff and project costs) capitalized as intangible assets under construction.

Net cash used in investing activities was approximately €45.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, and approximately €25.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2018. In both periods this primarily consisted of cash outflows for development program expenditure (staff and project costs) capitalized as intangible assets under construction.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities was €6.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020, which primarily related to €10.0 million cash inflow from the issuance of 2,944,334 Class A Preferred Shares in a

private placement to UPS at a price of €3.40909 per share on January 29, 2020 offset by the repayment of €3.2 million of interest on lease liabilities.

Net cash provided by financing activities was €33.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, which was primarily due to capital contributions.

Net cash provided by financing activities was €178.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2019, which was primarily due to capital contributions and an aggregate of 29,333,341 Class A Preferred Shares in a private placement to Hyundai and Kia at a price of €3.40909 per share on December 6, 2019.

Net cash provided by financing activities was €41.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2018, which was primarily due to capital contributions.

Debt

Currently, Arrival has no third-party debt. Although Arrival has no current plans to incur additional debt, it may determine, based on changes in its expected cash flow needs or because it deems it beneficial, to incur such debt on the terms offered.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

The following table summarizes Arrival’s contractual obligations and other commitments for cash expenditures as of June 30, 2020, and the years in which these obligations are due:

Payments Due by Period

Amounts in thousands

Total

Less than
1 Year

1-5 Years

More than
5 Years

€’000

Contractual Obligations:

Operating Lease Obligations

97,247

23,558

39,831

34,308

Total

97,247

23,558

39,831

34,308

In addition, Arrival enters into agreements in the normal course of business with vendors to perform various services, which are generally cancelable upon written notice. These payments are not included in this table of contractual obligations.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Since the date of its formation in 2015, Arrival has not engaged in any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in the rules and regulations of the SEC.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Arrival’s financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS. The preparation of these financial statements requires Arrival to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported expenses incurred during the reporting periods. Arrival’s estimates are based on its historical experience and on various other factors that Arrival believes are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources.

Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Arrival believes that the accounting policies discussed below are critical to understanding its historical and future performance, as these policies relate to the more significant areas involving management’s judgments and estimates.

While Arrival’s significant accounting policies are described in the notes to its financial statements, Arrival believes that the following accounting policies require a greater degree of judgment and complexity and are the most critical to understanding its financial condition and historical and future results of operations:

Translation of Foreign Currency

Arrival’s foreign currency transactions are translated into Euros using the average exchange rates for the period. Generally, foreign exchange gains or losses are reported as finance income or finance expense cost on Arrival’s consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income.

All assets and liabilities of Arrival’s foreign operations that do not utilize the Euro as its functional currency are translated into Euros at the applicable exchange rates on the reporting date. The income and expenses of Arrival’s foreign operations are translated into Euros at the average exchange rates for the period. Foreign exchange gains or losses that result are recognized in other comprehensive income.

Intangible Assets

Arrival’s capital expenditures on development activities, including the design of vehicles, operating systems and other software, are capitalized as intangible assets under the category of “assets under construction.” These expenditures may include the cost of materials, direct labor, and overhead. These capitalized development expenditures are stated at cost less any accumulated impairment losses. Arrival does not depreciate or amortize such capitalized development expenditures until the project is completed and the asset has been placed into service.

Impairment of Assets

The carrying amount of Arrival’s assets is reviewed at each reporting date to determine whether there is an indication of impairment in the value of the assets. If such indication exists, the asset’s recoverable amount, the higher of its net selling price in an arm’s length transaction and the present value of the estimated future cash flows from the continued use of the asset and its sale at the end of its useful life, is estimated. If the asset’s recoverable amount is lower than its carrying amount, the difference is recognized as an expense in Arrival’s statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income.

Emerging Growth Company Status

Section 102(b)(1) of the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (“JOBS Act”) exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can choose not to take advantage of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies, and any such election to not take advantage of the extended transition period is irrevocable.

The Company is an “emerging growth company” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and has elected to take advantage of the benefits of the extended transition period for new or revised financial accounting standards. The Company expects to remain an emerging growth company at least until the last day of the 2021 fiscal year and the Company expects to continue to take advantage of the benefits of the extended transition period, although it may decide to early adopt such new or revised accounting standards to the extent permitted by such standards. This may make it difficult or impossible to compare the Company’s financial

results with the financial results of another public company that is either not an emerging growth company or is an emerging growth company that has chosen not to take advantage of the extended transition period exemptions because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 to the audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for more information about recent accounting pronouncements, the timing of their adoption and Arrival’s assessment, to the extent it has made one, of their potential impact on Arrival’s financial condition and its results of operations and cash flows.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Arrival is exposed to a variety of market and other risks, including the effects of changes in interest rates and inflation, as well as risks to the availability of funding sources, hazard events and specific asset risks.

Interest Rate Risk

Arrival holds cash and cash equivalents for working capital purposes. As of June 30, 2020, Arrival had cash and cash equivalents of €29.8 million, consisting primarily of operating and savings accounts which are not affected by changes in the general level of interest rates.

Inflation Risk

Arrival does not believe that inflation has had, or currently has, a material effect on its business.

Foreign Currency Risk

Arrival’s functional currency is the Euro, while certain of Arrival’s current and future subsidiaries are expected to have functional currencies in British pound sterling, Russian rubles and U.S. dollars reflecting their principal operating markets. Once Arrival commences commercial operations, it expects to be exposed to both currency transaction and translation risk. In addition, Arrival expects that certain of its subsidiaries will have functional currencies other than the Euro, meaning that such subsidiaries’ results of operations will be periodically translated into Euros in Arrival’s consolidated financial statements, which may result in revenue and earnings volatility from period to period in response to exchange rates fluctuations. To date, Arrival has not had material exposure to foreign currency fluctuations and has not hedged such exposure, although it may do so in the future.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT

Board of Directors

The names and ages of the Company’s current directors are listed in the table below. Age references in the table below are as at Closing. The business address for our directors is c/o Arrival, 1, rue Peternelchen, L-2370 Howald, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg.


Name	Age		Class	Committees
Tawni Nazario-Cranz		46	Class C	Compensation (Chair), Nominating
F. Peter Cuneo (Chairman)		76	Class A	Audit
Alain Kinsch		49	Class C	Audit (Chair)
Kristen O’Hara		51	Class B	Nominating (Chair), Compensation
Jae Oh		42	Class A	Nominating
Avinash Rugoobur		39	Class C	—
Rexford J. Tibbens		52	Class B	Audit, Compensation

Tawni Nazario-Cranz served as Chief People Officer at Waymo from June 2018 to March 2019 and at Cruise Automation from September 2017 to May 2018. As the Chief People Officer at Waymo and Cruise Automation, Ms. Nazario-Cranz helped build the foundations for two autonomous vehicle companies, including building out the infrastructure of the human resources and talent functions, establishing the foundations for high performance culture, performance management, staffing and diversity and inclusion. Prior to joining Cruise Automation, Ms. Nazario-Cranz served in various positions of increasing responsibility at Netflix from April 2007 through June 2017, beginning as Director of Human Resources, followed by Vice President of Talent and Human Resources and finally serving as Chief Talent Officer. Prior to joining Netflix, Ms. Nazario-Cranz served as Global Director of Human Resources at Bausch + Lomb from December 2004 through April 2007. Prior to her time at Bausch + Lomb, Ms. Nazario-Cranz served in various roles in human resources, including as Human Resources Generalist at FedEx Kinko’s, Director of Human Resources at Work Incorporated and as an Operations Manager at Circuit City Stores. Ms. Nazario-Cranz is currently an advisor to various Silicon Valley venture capital firms, including Signal Fire, Foundation Capital and West. Ms. Nazario-Cranz received an EMBA, Business from Claremont Graduate University-Peter F. Drucker and Masatoshi Ito Graduate School of Management and a bachelor’s degree in psychology from the University of California, Santa Barbara.

F. Peter Cuneo has served as CIIG’s Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of its Board of Directors since its inception. Mr. Cuneo has served as Chairman of the Board at Iconix Brand Group (Nasdaq: ICON), a brand management company and owner of a portfolio of global consumer brands, since January 2019. Mr. Cuneo previously served as Executive Chairman of Iconix’s Board of Directors from January 2018 to May 2018 and from April 2016 through December 2016. From 2015 to 2018, and while not serving as Executive Chairman, Mr. Cuneo served as Chairman of the Board of Iconix. He also served as Interim Chief Executive Officer of Iconix from May to October 2018 and 2015 until 2016. Mr. Cuneo currently serves as Chairman of BeyondView LLC, a digital twin technology company, since 2017 and as a Director on the Board of electroCore, Inc. (Nasdaq: ECOR), since 2020. Mr. Cuneo has also been the Managing Principal of Cuneo & Company, LLC, a private investment and management company, since 2010. He is a recognized leader in corporate value creation and has reshaped the operations of seven distressed companies in the global media and consumer products sectors in the past 35 years. Business Insider called Mr. Cuneo one of the best turnaround CEOs. From 1999 to 2009, Mr. Cuneo was first President and Chief Executive Officer and then Vice Chairman of the Board of Marvel Entertainment Inc. (NYSE:MVL). His tenure ended with Marvel’s more than $4 billion sale to Disney at the end of 2009. From 1993 to 1996, Mr. Cuneo was President and Chief Executive Officer of Remington Products Company. Previously, Mr. Cuneo has also served as President of the Security Hardware Group of the Black & Decker Corporation (NYSE: SWK), President of Bristol-Myers Squibb Co.’s (NYSE: BMY) Pharmaceutical Group in Canada and President of the Clairol Personal Care Division. Mr. Cuneo received his M.B.A. from Harvard Business School and a B.S. from Alfred University. Mr. Cuneo served two tours as a Lieutenant in the U.S. Navy in the Vietnam War.

Alain Kinsch served as an audit partner at Ernst & Young S.A. (“EY”) from 2004 through 2020. During Mr. Kinsch’s time at EY, he served as EY Luxembourg Country Managing Partner and EMEIA Private Equity Fund Leader from 2009 through 2020. Previously, Mr. Kinsch served as EY Luxembourg Private Equity Leader from 2004 through 2012. At EY, Mr. Kinsch served a portfolio of clients including private equity funds, banks and mutual funds as well as industrial and commercial companies as signing audit partner and engagement partner on consulting, valuation and M&A mandates. Prior to joining EY, Mr. Kinsch served in various positions of increasing responsibility at Arthur Andersen in Luxembourg from 1995 through 2002, beginning as an Assistant leading up to his position as Senior Manager. Beginning in 2021, Mr. Kinsch began serving as an independent director of Aperam S.A. (Euronext Amsterdam: APAM), a stainless and specialty steel producer, and serves on its Audit & Risk Management Committee and as Chairman of its Remuneration, Nomination & Corporate Governance Committee. Mr. Kinsch is a Certified Public Accountant. He has received a M.B.A. from INSEAD Fontainebleau and a M.Sc. Business from the University of Paris-Dauphine.

Kristen M. O’Hara is a strategic marketing professional who has worked for several global enterprises in the media industry. Ms. O’Hara is currently Senior Vice President and Chief Business Officer of Hearst Magazines. Ms. O’Hara served as VP Business Solutions of Snap Inc. (NYSE: SNAP) from September 2018 to October 2018, and prior to that, served as Chief Marketing Officer, Global Media for Time Warner Inc. (now Warner Media, LLC), a position she held since 2011. Earlier executive roles with Time Warner Inc.’s Global Media Group include Senior Vice President and Managing Director, Senior Vice President of Marketing and Client Partnerships, and from 2002 to 2004, Ms. O’Hara was the Vice President of Corporate Marketing and Sales Strategy for the Time Inc. division of Time Warner Inc. From 1993 to 2002, Ms. O’Hara served in several positions at global marketing communications firm Young & Rubicam Inc., driving business development and brand strategy for blue chip advertisers. Ms. O’Hara has been a member of the board of trustees of the Signature Theatre Company since 2012. She is a member of the board of directors of CIIG and was formerly a member of the boards of directors of MDC Partners Inc. (Nasdaq:MDCA) from 2019 to 2020, Iconix Brand Group, Inc. (Nasdaq: ICON) from 2016 to 2018, and the Data & Marketing Association. Ms. O’Hara received a B.A. from the College of the Holy Cross.

Jae Oh has served as Vice President, Head of Corporate Development at Hyundai since October 2017. Since joining Hyundai, Mr. Oh has been responsible for leading a broad spectrum of strategic investment activities ranging from Series A to mergers and acquisitions. In line with Hyundai’s strategic pillars, Mr. Oh’s focus verticals have been Mobility-as-a-Service, AI, AV, Electrification/future energy, and Urban Air Mobility. Prior to joining Hyundai, Mr. Oh served as a Director of Global Capital Markets at Merrill Lynch from January 2014 through May 2016. Prior to joining Merrill Lynch, starting in 2001 Mr. Oh served in various roles in banking and management consulting, including as a Director of Investment Banking at UBS Investment Bank in Seoul, South Korea, as a Vice President of Investment Banking at Lehman Brothers / Nomura in Hong Kong, as an Associate at Huron Consulting Group in Chicago and as an Analyst at ABN AMRO Bank in New York. Mr. Oh received an M.B.A. from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business and a B.A. from Northwestern University.

Avinash Rugoobur. Mr. Rugoobur has served as the President of Arrival since July 2020 after initially joining as the Chief Strategy Officer for Arrival in March 2019. Prior to joining Arrival, Mr. Rugoobur was the Head of Strategy and M&A for General Motors Cruise from September 2017 to January 2019. Mr. Rugoobur also co-founded Curve Tomorrow, a leading digital health technology company in Melbourne, Australia in October 2009 where he served as Co-CEO until July 2018, and Bliss Chocolates (now known as Smoor) in Bangalore, India where he served as the Product, Innovation and Marketing Officer from 2008 to 2009. Prior to and after Bliss, Mr. Rugoobur served in multiple engineering and management roles at General Motors, including approximately four years leading advanced technology activities in Silicon Valley. Mr. Rugoobur was responsible for the acquisition of Cruise, General Motor’s self-driving car division, for approximately $1 billion. Mr. Rugoobur received a bachelor’s degree in Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, Mechatronics with Honors from the University of Melbourne and a Postgraduate Certificate in Knowledge Management.

Rexford J. Tibbens has served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Frontdoor, a leading provider of home service plans in the United States, since May 2018 and was appointed to Frontdoor’s board of directors in

October 2018. From April 2015 to December 2017, Mr. Tibbens served as the chief operating officer of Lyft, a leading on-demand transportation company based in San Francisco, California. While at Lyft, Mr. Tibbens worked to expand the service to every state and launched crucial strategic initiatives, including Lyft’s Nashville support center and Express Drive, a program that allowed potential Lyft drivers to rent vehicles so they could provide service in select cities. From August 2011 to March 2015, Mr. Tibbens served as a vice president at Amazon.com, Inc., a global e-commerce and technology company, where he led the technical and product development of Prime Now, Amazon’s one-hour delivery service. Before Amazon, Mr. Tibbens spent twelve years at Dell Inc., a global technology company, serving in a variety of operations and logistics roles, including as executive director of Global Services. Mr. Tibbens received an MBA from Case Western Reserve University and a bachelor’s degree in finance from the University of Kentucky.

Classified Board of Directors

In accordance with the Company’s articles of association, the Board of Directors is divided into three classes with only one class of directors being elected in each year and each class (except for those directors initially appointed as Class A and Class B directors) serving a three-year term. The initial Class A directors’ term will expire at the annual general meeting approving the annual accounts for the financial year ended in 2021, the initial Class B directors’ term will expire at the annual general meeting approving the annual accounts for the financial year ended in 2022, and the initial Class C directors’ term will expire at the annual general meeting approving the annual accounts for the financial year ended in 2023.

Independence of our Board of Directors

A majority of the Board of Directors are independent directors and the Board of Directors has an independent audit committee and compensation committee.

Board Committees

Audit Committee

Our audit committee is responsible for, among other things:

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appointing, compensating, retaining, evaluating, terminating and overseeing our independent registered public accounting firm;

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discussing with our independent registered public accounting firm their independence from management;

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reviewing, with our independent registered public accounting firm, the scope and results of their audit;

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approving all audit and permissible non-audit services to be performed by our independent registered public accounting firm;

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overseeing the financial reporting process and discussing with management and our independent registered public accounting firm the annual financial statements that we file with the SEC;

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overseeing our financial and accounting controls and compliance with legal and regulatory requirements;

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reviewing our policies on risk assessment and risk management;

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reviewing related person transactions; and

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establishing procedures for the confidential anonymous submission of concerns regarding questionable accounting, internal controls or auditing matters.

Each of the members of the Company’s audit committee qualify as independent directors according to the rules and regulations of the SEC and Nasdaq with respect to audit committee membership. In addition, all of the audit

committee members meet the requirements for financial literacy under applicable SEC and Nasdaq rules and at least one of the audit committee members qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert,” as such term is defined in Item 407(d) of Regulation S-K. The audit committee’s charter is available on the Company’s website. The reference to the Company’s website address in this prospectus does not include or incorporate by reference the information on the Company’s website into this prospectus.

Compensation Committee

Our compensation committee is responsible for, among other things:

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reviewing and approving the corporate goals and objectives, evaluating the performance of and reviewing and approving, (either alone or, if directed by the Board of Directors, in conjunction with a majority of the independent members of the Board of Directors) the compensation of our Chief Executive Officer;

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overseeing an evaluation of the performance of and reviewing and setting or making recommendations to our Board of Directors regarding the compensation of our other executive officers;

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reviewing and approving or making recommendations to our Board of Directors regarding our incentive compensation and equity-based plans, policies and programs;

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reviewing and approving all employment agreement and severance arrangements for our executive officers;

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making recommendations to our Board of Directors regarding the compensation of our directors; and

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retaining and overseeing any compensation consultants.

Each of the members of our compensation committee qualify as independent directors according to the rules and regulations of the SEC and Nasdaq with respect to compensation committee membership, including the heightened independence standards for members of a compensation committee. The audit committee’s charter is available on the Company’s website. The reference to the Company’s website address in this prospectus does not include or incorporate by reference the information on the Company’s website into this prospectus.

Nominating Committee

Our nominating committee is responsible for, among other things:

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overseeing succession planning for our Chief Executive Officer and other executive officers;

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periodically reviewing our Board of Directors’ leadership structure and recommending any proposed changes to our Board of Directors;

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overseeing an annual evaluation of the effectiveness of our board of directors and its committees; and

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developing and recommending to our Board of Directors a set of corporate governance guidelines.

The nominating committee’s charter is available on the Company’s website. The reference to the Company’s website address in this prospectus does not include or incorporate by reference the information on the Company’s website into this prospectus.

Risk Oversight

Our Board of Directors is responsible for overseeing our risk management process. Our Board of Directors focuses on our general risk management strategy, the most significant risks facing us, and oversees the implementation of risk mitigation strategies by management. Our audit committee is also responsible for discussing our policies with respect to risk assessment and risk management. Our Board of Directors believes its administration of its risk oversight function has not negatively affected our Board of Directors’ leadership structure.

Code of Ethics

Our Board of Directors has adopted a Code of Ethics applicable to our directors, executive officers and team members that complies with the rules and regulations of Nasdaq and the SEC. The Code of Ethics is available on our website. In addition, the Company intends to post on the Corporate Governance section of its website all disclosures that are required by law or Nasdaq listing standards concerning any amendments to, or waivers from, any provision of the Code of Ethics. The reference to the Company’s website address in this prospectus does not include or incorporate by reference the information on the Company’s website into this prospectus.

Compensation of Directors

The Company pays a retainer of $200,000 per year to its non-employee directors (other than Mr. Oh), $40,000 per year to the chairperson of its audit committee, $30,000 per year to the chairperson of its compensation committee and $20,000 per year to the chairperson of its nominating committee.

Executive Officers

The names, ages, and current positions of the Company’s current executive officers are listed in the table below. For biographical information concerning Mr. Rugoobur, see “—Board of Directors” above. Age references in the table below are as at Closing. The business address for our executive officers is c/o Arrival, 1, rue Peternelchen, L-2370 Howald, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg.


Name	Age		Title
Denis Sverdlov		42	Chief Executive Officer
Tim Holbrow		45	Interim Chief Financial Officer
Avinash Rugoobur		39	President
Michael Ableson		59	Chief Executive Officer, Automotive
Daniel Chin		37	General Counsel

Denis Sverdlov. Mr. Sverdlov founded Arrival and established its operations in the UK in 2015 and has served as its Chief Executive Officer since March 2016. Prior to founding Arrival, Mr. Sverdlov served as Deputy Minister for Communications and Mass Media in Russia from July 2012 to August 2013. Mr. Sverdlov was co-founder and Chief Executive Officer of Yota from 2007 to 2012, which at the time was the largest 4G telecommunications operator in Russia. Mr. Sverdlov oversaw the successful sale of Yota for $1.5 billion. Prior to working at Yota, Mr. Sverdlov was the co-founder and managing partner of Korus Consulting, one of the top IT consulting companies in Russia from 2003 to 2007. In 2000, Mr. Sverdlov founded his first company, IT Vision, an IT consulting company. Mr. Sverdlov graduated cum laude with a degree in Finance from St. Petersburg State University of Engineering and Economics in 2000.

Tim Holbrow. Mr. Holbrow has served as Arrival’s Chief Financial Officer since August 2019. Prior to joining Arrival, Mr. Holbrow was the Chief Financial Officer at Somo Global, a digital product agency, from August 2015 to August 2019. From 2012 to 2015, Mr. Holbrow served as the Chief Financial Officer at Procserve, an e-procurement start-up, including the eventual sale of the company to Basware. Prior to joining Procserve, Mr. Holbrow served in various senior finance roles at Symbian Software, a smartphone operating system company, and as the Chief Financial Officer at its open source successor company the Symbian Foundation after Symbian Software was acquired by Nokia. Mr. Holbrow is a Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales and an Associate Member of the Institute of Corporate Treasurers. Mr. Holbrow received a BSc in Mathematics & Computer Science from the University of Exeter.

Michael Ableson. Mr. Ableson has served as the Chief Executive Officer of Arrival Automotive since October 2019. Prior to joining Arrival, Mr. Ableson spent 35 years with General Motors in a number of positions, including: Vice President of EV Infrastructure from November 2018 to September 2019; Vice President of

Global Strategy and Innovation from September 2015 to October 2018; Vice President of Portfolio Planning from January 2015 to September 2015; Vice President of Engineering, GM-Europe and Member of the Management Board, Opel from September 2012 to December 2014; Vehicle Line Executive, Small Cars from January 2012 to August 2012; Executive Director Global Advanced Vehicle Development from April 2004 to December 2011; Vehicle Chief Engineer, Small and Midsize Trucks from April 2001 to April 2004; Vehicle Chief Engineer, Hybrid Vehicle from April 2000 to April 2001 and Vehicle Chief Engineer Global Midsize Vehicles from September 1997 to April 2000. Mr. Ableson is also a member of the Executive Committee of the Transportation Research Board, a member of the University of Michigan Energy Institute Advisory Board, and a past member of the University of California, Berkeley Engineering Advisory Board. Mr. Ableson received a Master of Science degree in mechanical engineering from the University of California, Berkeley and a Bachelor of Science degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

Daniel Chin. Mr. Chin has served in Arrival’s legal department since January 2018 and as Arrival’s General Counsel since June 2020. Prior to joining Arrival, Mr. Chin was Legal Counsel at ITRS Group Ltd from July 2016 to December 2017, acted as Legal Consultant at Morgan Stanley (seconded from Axiom Law) from April 2015 to July 2016 and worked in the Singapore office of YKVN Law from September 2012 to April 2015. Mr. Chin trained and qualified at Weil, Gotshal & Manges, working in their London and New York offices between September 2007 and April 2011. Mr. Chin received a bachelor’s degree in Natural Sciences from the University of Durham, England, graduated from BPP Law School, England in August 2007 and has been admitted to practice as a Solicitor in England and Wales since 2009.

Executive Compensation

The Company’s executive compensation program reflects Arrival’s compensation policies and philosophies (as described below), as they may be modified and updated from time to time. Decisions made with respect to the compensation of the Company’s executive officers is made by the compensation committee.

Equity Incentive Plan

At Closing, the Company established an equity incentive plan (the “EIP”) for service providers of the Company and its subsidiaries, which provides for an aggregate share reserve thereunder, together with the current share reserve underlying the SOP 2020 and RSP 2020 (including any awards issued thereunder), equal to ten percent of the Ordinary Shares and Warrants issued immediately following the Closing.

Arrival Executive Compensation

For the year ended December 31, 2020, Arrival’s executive officers received total aggregate compensation of approximately €7,659,123. The total compensation paid to Arrival’s executive officers consists solely of base salary and the grant date fair value of stock options granted in 2020.

Arrival Share Option Plan 2020 and Restricted Share Plan 2020

On October 7, 2020, the Arrival shareholders adopted the (i) Arrival Share Option Plan 2020 (the “SOP 2020”) and (ii) Arrival Restricted Share Plan 2020 (the “RSP 2020”). As of December 11, 2020, stock options and restricted shares awards under the SOP 2020 and RSP 2020 covering 39,391,385 Arrival Ordinary Shares (before the Second Exchange) in aggregate were outstanding. The exercise of options under the SOP 2020 is intended to be settled with Arrival Ordinary Shares.

The maximum number of stock options and restricted share awards which may be granted under the SOP 2020 and the RSP 2020 in aggregate is initially limited to 50,000,000 Arrival Ordinary Shares. If any stock option under the SOP 2020 or restricted share award under the RSP 2020 lapses, then the number of Arrival Ordinary Shares covered by such stock option or restricted share award would become available for the purpose of future

grants. The SOP 2020 and RSP 2020 are operated by Arrival’s board of directors. Arrival’s board of directors may delegate its powers under the SOP 2020 and the RSP 2020 to a committee or persons authorized by Arrival’s board of directors. The SOP 2020 and the RSP 2020 are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, and the following descriptions are qualified by reference thereto.

Purpose and Eligibility. The SOP 2020 and RSP 2020 are intended to enable Arrival to retain and reward, and to provide additional incentives to, its current and former employees, officers, directors and/or consultants by providing them with the opportunity to purchase Arrival Ordinary Shares.

Type of Awards. Under the SOP 2020, Arrival’s board of directors may grant stock options exercisable for Arrival Ordinary Shares, with an exercise price per share specified at grant, and may grant such stock options subject to conditions based on service and/or performance and/or as to the time at which such stock options may be exercisable. Stock options generally expire ten years after grant or on such earlier date as may be specified in connection with the grant of the stock option (including any earlier expiration date specified for any tax purposes applicable to the recipient). Under the RSP 2020, Arrival’s board of directors may grant awards entitling recipients to acquire Arrival Ordinary Shares for a price per share specified at award, and may grant such awards subject to conditions based on service and/or performance and/or as to the time at which the ordinary shares covered by the restricted share award may become transferable. The Arrival Ordinary Shares covered by the restricted share awards are subject to the right of Arrival to repurchase all or part of such Arrival Ordinary Shares or require the sale of such Arrival Ordinary Shares to a person nominated by Arrival’s board of directors, at the lower of their acquisition price or the value of the Arrival Ordinary Shares at such time, in the event that any conditions specified in connection with the grant of the restricted share awards are not satisfied.

Conditions. Stock options granted under the SOP 2020 and restricted share awards granted under the RSP 2020 may be granted subject to conditions based on service and/or performance and/or as to the time at which stock options may be exercisable or shares covered by restricted share awards may become transferable. Arrival’s board of directors determines any applicable conditions in connection with the grant of the stock option or restricted share award. Grants made to date under the SOP 2020 and RSP 2020 were subject to (i) a time-based condition of one year from the date of commencement of service with Arrival (50% of the awards) and (ii) a performance-based condition requiring achievement of specified performance-based milestones (50% of the awards). All grants made to date under the SOP 2020 and RSP 2020 were subject to the achievement of a specified liquidity event (as well as, for certain participants, an additional service-based requirement where required in accordance with tax rules applicable to such participants). Grants will generally lapse in the event of termination of employment or service prior to a stock option or restricted share award vesting in accordance with its terms and any conditions specified in connection with its grant. Stock options or restricted share awards that are vested may lapse in certain limited cases such as fraud or the commission of an imprisonable criminal offense.

Voting Rights. Prior to exercise, holders of stock options under the SOP 2020 shall not have any rights as a holder of Arrival Ordinary Shares, including no right to vote the Arrival Ordinary Shares covered by stock options. Prior to the Arrival Ordinary Shares covered by restricted share awards under the RSP 2020 becoming transferable, the holder of such restricted share award shall not be entitled to exercise voting rights attaching to such Arrival Ordinary Shares but shall otherwise have the rights of a holder of such Arrival Ordinary Shares.

Transferability. Subject to certain limited exceptions, stock options granted under the SOP 2020 may not be sold, transferred or disposed of in any manner other than upon the death of the recipient, and Arrival Ordinary Shares covered by restricted share awards under the RSP 2020 may not be sold, transferred or disposed of in any manner prior to the earlier of any applicable vesting conditions being met or any condition as to the time at which such Arrival Ordinary Shares may become transferable being met (other than in respect of the transmission of the Arrival Ordinary Shares covered by the restricted share award upon death of the recipient). The Arrival Ordinary Shares covered by the restricted share awards will be locked-up for six months following the Closing pursuant to the RSP 2020.

Termination. Arrival’s board of directors may terminate the SOP 2020 and RSP 2020 at any time. Following termination of the SOP 2020, no further stock options may be granted, or following termination of the RSP 2020, no further restricted share awards may be granted, but outstanding stock options or restricted share awards, as applicable, already granted will continue in effect.

DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES

Ordinary Shares

Share Capital

As of March 25, 2021, there were 606,157,267 Ordinary Shares outstanding and 20,112,493 Warrants outstanding.

Share Issuances

Pursuant to Luxembourg law, the issuance of Ordinary Shares requires approval by the general meeting of shareholders subject to necessary quorum and majority requirements. The general meeting of shareholders may approve an authorized capital and authorize the Board of Directors to increase the issued share capital in one or several tranches with or without share premium, against payment in cash or in kind, by conversion of claims on the Company or in any other manner for any reason whatsoever including (ii) issue subscription and/or conversion rights in relation to new shares or instruments within the limits of the authorised capital under the terms and conditions of warrants (which may be separate or linked to shares, bonds, notes or similar instruments issued), convertible bonds, notes or similar instruments; (iii) determine the place and date of the issue or successive issues, the issue price, the terms and conditions of the subscription of and paying up on the new shares and instruments and (iv) remove or limit the statutory preferential subscription right of the shareholders in case of issue against payment in cash or shares, warrants (which may be separate or attached to shares, bonds, notes or similar instruments), convertible bonds, notes or similar instruments up to the maximum amount of such authorized capital for a maximum period of five years after the date that the minutes of the relevant general meeting approving such authorization are published in the Luxembourg official gazette (Recueil Electronique des Sociétés, “RESA”). The general meeting may amend, renew, or extend such authorized capital and such authorization to the Board of Directors to issue Ordinary Shares.

In addition, the general meeting of shareholders may authorize the Board of Directors to make an allotment of existing or newly issued shares without consideration to (a) employees of the Company or certain categories amongst those; (b) employees of companies or economic interest grouping in which the Company holds directly or indirectly at least fifty per cent (50%) of the share capital or voting rights; (c) employees of companies or economic interest grouping in which at least fifty per cent (50%) of the share capital or voting rights is held directly or indirectly by a company which holds directly or indirectly at least fifty per cent (50%) of the share capital; (d) members of the corporate bodies or of the companies or economic interest grouping listed in point (b) to (c) above or certain categories amongst those, for a maximum period of five years after the date that the minutes of the relevant general meeting approving such authorization are published in the Luxembourg RESA.

The Company recognizes only one (1) holder per ordinary share. In case an ordinary share is owned by several persons, they shall appoint a single representative who shall represent them in respect. The Company has the right to suspend the exercise of all rights attached to that share, except for relevant information rights, until such representative has been appointed.

Upon the consummation of the Business Combination, the Board of Directors resolved on the issuance of Ordinary Shares out of the authorized capital (capital autorisé) in accordance with the quorum and voting thresholds set forth in the articles of association and applicable law. The Board of Directors also resolved on the applicable procedures and timelines to which such issuance will be subjected. If the proposal of the Board of Directors to issue new Ordinary Shares exceeds the limits of the Company’s authorized share capital, the Board of Directors must then convene the shareholders to an extraordinary general meeting to be held in front of a Luxembourg notary for the purpose of increasing the issued share capital. Such meeting will be subject to the quorum and majority requirements required for amending the articles of association. If the capital call proposed by the Board of Directors consists of an increase in the shareholders’ commitments, the Board of Directors must convene the shareholders to an extraordinary general meeting to be held in front of a Luxembourg notary for such purpose. Such meeting will be subject to the unanimous consent of the shareholders.

Preemptive Rights

Under Luxembourg law, existing shareholders benefit from a preemptive subscription right on the issuance of Ordinary Shares for cash consideration. However, our shareholders have, in accordance with Luxembourg law, authorized the Board of Directors to suppress, waive, or limit any preemptive subscription rights of shareholders provided by law to the extent that the Board of Directors deems such suppression, waiver, or limitation advisable for any issuance or issuances of Ordinary Shares within the scope of our authorized share capital. The general meeting of shareholders duly convened to consider an amendment to the articles of association also may, by two-thirds majority vote, limit, waive, or cancel such preemptive rights or renew, amend, or extend them, in each case for a period not to exceed five years. Such Ordinary Shares may be issued above, at, or below market value, and, following a certain procedure, even below the nominal value or below the accounting par value per ordinary share. The Ordinary Shares also may be issued by way of incorporation of available reserves, including share premium.

Share Repurchases

The Company cannot subscribe for its own Ordinary Shares. The Company may, however, repurchase issued Ordinary Shares or have another person repurchase issued Ordinary Shares for its account, subject to the following conditions:

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prior authorization by a simple majority vote at an ordinary general meeting of shareholders, which authorization sets forth:

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the terms and conditions of the proposed repurchase and in particular the maximum number of Ordinary Shares to be repurchased;

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the duration of the period for which the authorization is given, which may not exceed five years; and

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either the Company, or by a person acting in his or her own name on its behalf, for the distribution thereof to its staff or to the staff of a company with which it is in a control relationship;

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only fully paid-up Ordinary Shares may be repurchased;

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the voting and dividend rights attached to the repurchased shares will be suspended as long as the repurchased Ordinary Shares are held by the Company; and the acquisition offer must be made on the same terms and conditions to all the shareholders who are in the same position, except for acquisitions which were unanimously decided by a general meeting at which all the shareholders were present or represented. In addition, listed companies may repurchase their own shares on the stock exchange without an acquisition offer having to be made to our shareholders.

The authorization will be valid for a period ending on the earlier of five years from the date of such shareholder authorization and the date of its renewal by a subsequent general meeting of shareholders. Pursuant to such authorization, the Board of Directors is authorized to acquire and sell Ordinary Shares under the conditions set forth in article 430-15 of the Luxembourg law of August 10, 1915 on commercial companies, as amended (the “1915 Law”). Such purchases and sales may be carried out for any authorized purpose or any purpose that is authorized by the laws and regulations in force. The purchase price per ordinary share to be determined by the Board of Directors or its delegate shall represent not more than the fair market value of such ordinary share.

In addition, pursuant to Luxembourg law, the Company may directly or indirectly repurchase Ordinary Shares by resolution of the Board of Directors without the prior approval of the general meeting of shareholders if such repurchase is deemed by the Board of Directors to be necessary to prevent serious and imminent harm to us, or if the acquisition of Ordinary Shares has been made with the intent of distribution to its employees and/or the employees of any entity having a controlling relationship with it (i.e., its subsidiaries or controlling shareholder) or in any of the circumstances listed in article 430-16 of the 1915 Law.

Voting rights

Each Ordinary Share entitles the holder thereof to one vote. Neither Luxembourg law nor the articles of association contain any restrictions as to the voting of Ordinary Shares by non-Luxembourg residents. The 1915 Law distinguishes general meetings of shareholders and extraordinary general meetings of shareholders with respect to voting rights.

Meetings

Ordinary General Meeting

At an ordinary general meeting, there is no quorum requirement and resolutions are adopted by a simple majority of validly cast votes. Abstentions are not considered “votes.”

Extraordinary General Meeting

Extraordinary resolutions are required for any of the following matters, among others: (i) an increase or decrease of the authorized or issued capital, (ii) a limitation or exclusion of preemptive rights, (iii) approval of a statutory merger or de-merger (scission), (iv) the Company’s dissolution and liquidation, (v) any and all amendments to our articles of association and (vi) change of nationality. Pursuant to our articles of association, for any resolutions to be considered at an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders, the quorum shall be at least one half of our issued share capital unless otherwise mandatorily required by law. If the said quorum is not present, a second meeting may be convened, for which 1915 Law does not prescribe a quorum. Any extraordinary resolution shall be adopted at a quorate general meeting, except otherwise provided by law, by at least a two-thirds majority of the votes validly cast on such resolution by shareholders. Abstentions are not considered “votes.”

Annual Shareholders Meetings

An annual general meeting of shareholders shall be held in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg within 6 months of the end of the preceding financial year, except for the first annual general meeting of shareholders which may be held within 18 months from incorporation.

Warrants

Pursuant to the Assignment, Assumption and Amendment Agreement, CIIG assigned to the Company all of CIIG’s right, title and interest in and to the existing Warrant Agreement and the Company assumed, and agreed to pay, perform, satisfy and discharge in full, all of CIIG’s liabilities and obligations under the existing Warrant Agreement arising from and after the Merger Effective Time.

Each Warrant is exercisable to purchase one Ordinary Share and only whole warrants are exercisable. The exercise price of the Warrants is $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment as described in the Warrant Agreement. A Warrant may be exercised only during the period commencing on the date that is thirty (30) days after the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Business Combination Agreement, and terminating at 5:00 p.m., New York City time on the earlier to occur of: (x) the date that is five (5) years after the date on which the Business Combination is completed, (y) the liquidation of the Company, or (z) the redemption date as provided in Section 6.3 of the Warrant Agreement.

Redemptions of warrants for cash

Pursuant to the Warrant Agreement, once the public warrants become exercisable, they may be redeemed (i) in whole and not in part, (ii) at a price of $0.01 per warrant, (iii) upon not less than 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption to each warrant holder, and (iv) if, and only if, the reported last sale price of the Ordinary Shares equals or exceeds $18.00 per share for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending three business days before sending the notice of redemption to each warrant holder.

If the public warrants are called for redemption for cash, management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise the public warrants to do so on a “cashless basis,” as described in the Warrant Agreement.

Redemption of warrants for shares

Commencing ninety days after the warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the outstanding warrants (i) in whole and not in part, (ii) at $0.10 per warrant upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption provided that holders will be able to exercise their warrants prior to redemption and receive that number of shares to be determined, based on the redemption date and the fair market value of the shares, (iii) if, and only if, the last reported sale price of the Ordinary Shares equals or exceeds $10.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) on the trading day prior to the date on which the notice of redemption to the warrant holders is sent, (iv) if, and only if, the private warrants are also concurrently exchanged at the same price (equal to a number of Ordinary Shares) as the outstanding public warrants, as described above, and (v) if, and only if, there is an effective registration statement covering the shares issuable upon exercise of the warrants and a current prospectus relating thereto is available throughout the 30-day period after the written notice of redemption is given.

The private warrants are identical to the public warrants, except that the private warrants and the shares issuable upon the exercise of the private warrants will not be transferable, assignable or salable until 30 days after the completion of a Business Combination, subject to certain limited exceptions. Additionally, the private warrants will be exercisable on a cashless basis and be non-redeemable (except as mentioned above) so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees. If the private warrants are held by someone other than the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, the private warrants will be redeemable and exercisable by such holders on the same basis as the public warrants.

Dividends

From the annual net profits, at least 5% shall each year be allocated to the reserve required by applicable laws (the “Legal Reserve”). That allocation to the Legal Reserve will cease to be required as soon and as long as the Legal Reserve amounts to 10% of the amount of the share capital. The general meeting of shareholders shall resolve how the remainder of the annual net profits, after allocation to the Legal Reserve, will be disposed of by allocating the whole or part of the remainder to a reserve or to a provision, by carrying it forward to the next following financial year or by distributing it, together with carried forward profits, distributable reserves or share premium to the shareholders, each Ordinary Share entitling to the same proportion in such distributions.

The Board of Directors may resolve that the Company pays out an interim dividend to the shareholders, subject to the conditions of article 461-3 of the 1915 Law and the articles of association. The Board of Directors shall set the amount and the date of payment of the interim dividend.

Any share premium, assimilated premium or other distributable reserve may be freely distributed to the shareholders subject to the provisions of the 1915 Law and the articles of association. In case of a dividend payment, each shareholder is entitled to receive a dividend right pro rata according to his or her respective shareholding. The dividend entitlement lapses upon the expiration of a five-year prescription period from the date of the dividend distribution. The unclaimed dividends return to the accounts.

CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PERSON TRANSACTIONS

Policies and Procedures for Related Person Transactions

The Board of Directors has adopted a written related person transaction policy that sets forth certain policies and procedures for the review and approval or ratification of related person transactions, which comprise any transaction, arrangement or relationship in which the Company or any of its subsidiaries was, is or will be a participant, the amount of which involved exceeds $120,000, and in which any related person had, has or will have a direct or indirect material interest. A “related person” for purposes of such policy means: (i) any person who is, or at any time during the applicable period was, one of the Company’s executive officers or one of the Company’s directors; (ii) any person who is known by the Company to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the Ordinary Shares; (iii) any immediate family member of any of the foregoing persons (which means any child, stepchild, parent, stepparent, spouse, sibling, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law or sister-in-law) of a director, executive officer or a beneficial owner of more than 5% of the Company’s voting stock, and any person (other than a tenant or employee) sharing the household of such director, executive officer or beneficial owner of more than 5% of the Ordinary Shares; and (iv) any firm, corporation or other entity in which any of the foregoing persons is a partner or principal or in a similar position or in which such person has a 10% or greater beneficial ownership interest.

Acquisitions

The following transactions were carried out with entities affiliated with Kinetik S.à r.l.:

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On September 12, 2017, Arrival acquired TRA Robotics Ltd (later renamed Arrival Robotics Ltd) from K Remy Robotics S.à r.l. (an affiliate of Kinetik S.à r.l.) for approximately $1.8 million.

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On October 30, 2018, Arrival Ltd, a subsidiary of Arrival, acquired Sim-ply Designed Ltd from Studio 26 S.à r.l. (an affiliate of Kinetik S.à r.l.) for approximately €1.7 million.

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On April 11, 2019, Arrival acquired Arrival Management Systems Limited (later renamed Arrival M Ltd) from K Cybernation S.à r.l. (an affiliate of Kinetik S.à r.l.) for approximately €3.3 million.

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On September 2, 2019, Arrival Ltd, a subsidiary of Arrival, acquired Roborace Limited (later renamed Arrival R Ltd) from K Robolife S.à r.l. (an affiliate of Kinetik S.à r.l.) for approximately €61.1 million.

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On September 2, 2019, Arrival acquired Roborace Inc. (later renamed Arrival USA Inc.) from K Robolife S.à r.l. (an affiliate of Kinetik S.à r.l.) for approximately €4.5 million.

Related Party Loans

In September 2020, Kinetik S.à r.l. loaned Arrival €10 million on an interest free basis. Arrival fully repaid the loan in October 2020.

Restricted Share Purchases

In October 2020, certain of Arrival’s executive officers purchased restricted ordinary shares of Arrival in the following amounts, all at a price of €3.40909 per share which was the amount paid for such shares in a private placement of ordinary shares of Arrival that closed in October 2020:

Tim Holbrow:

176,001

Avinash Rugoobur:

880,001

Mike Ableson:

440,001

Daniel Chin:

293,334

Arrival, or certain of its subsidiaries, loaned Arrival’s executive officers the funds necessary to purchase the above-listed restricted ordinary shares of Arrival, which were repaid prior to the Closing.

MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS

The following table shows the beneficial ownership of Ordinary Shares at Closing by:

•

each person known to by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the Ordinary Shares;

•

each of our directors and executive officers; and

•

all of our directors and executive officers as a group.

Except as otherwise noted herein, the number and percentage of Ordinary Shares beneficially owned is determined in accordance with Rule 13d-3 of the Exchange Act, and the information is not necessarily indicative of beneficial ownership for any other purpose. Under such rule, beneficial ownership includes any Ordinary Shares as to which the holder has sole or shared voting power or investment power and also any Ordinary Shares which the holder has the right to acquire within 60 days of the Closing through the exercise of any option, warrant or any other right.

We have based percentage ownership on 606,157,267 Ordinary Shares outstanding as of March 25, 2021.

Unless otherwise noted, the business address of each beneficial owner is c/o Arrival Group, 1, rue Peternelchen, L-2370 Howald, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg.


Name of Beneficial Owner	Number		Percentage⁽¹⁾
*Executive Officers and Directors:*
Denis Sverdlov⁽²⁾		—		—
Tim Holbrow		—		—
Avinash Rugoobur		—		—
Michael Ableson		—		—
Daniel Chin		—		—
Tawni Nazario-Cranz		—		—
F. Peter Cuneo⁽³⁾		1,874,680		*
Alain Kinsch		—		—
Kristen O’Hara		25,000		*
Jae Oh		—		—
Rexford J. Tibbens		—		—
All directors and executive officers as a group (11 individuals)⁽³⁾		1,874,680		*
*Five Percent or More Holders:*
Kinetik S.à r.l.⁽⁴⁾		463,275,682		76.43	%

*	Less than one percent of outstanding Ordinary Shares.

(1)	Percentages are based on 606,157,267 Ordinary Shares outstanding as of March 25, 2021 following the consummation of the Business Combination.

(2)

Represents options to purchase Ordinary Shares that are immediately exercisable. Does not include Ordinary Shares held by Kinetik S.à r.l. Mr. Sverdlov is the founder of Kinetik S.à r.l. Kinetik S.à r.l. is owned by The Kinetik Trust, of which Mr. Sverdlov is a beneficiary. Mr. Sverdlov disclaims beneficial interest of such shares.

(3)	Includes 1,195,834 Ordinary Shares underlying Warrants that will become exercisable 30 days after the Closing, which are held in joint ownership with Maris S. Cuneo.

(4)

The trustee of The Kinetik Trust, The Kinetik Foundation, may be deemed to have voting and dispositive power of the Ordinary Shares held by Kinetik S.à r.l. Voting and investment decisions are made on behalf of The Kinetik Foundation by a council of three members, none of whom have individual or investment power with respect to such shares.

100

SELLING SECURITYHOLDERS

This prospectus relates to the resale by the Selling Securityholders from time to time of up to up to 573,798,878 of our Ordinary Shares, which includes (a) 6,468,750 Ordinary Shares that were exchanged for Class B common stock of CIIG in connection with the closing of the Business Combination, (b) 40,000,000 Ordinary Shares beneficially held by the Private Placement Investors which were issued upon the closing of the Business Combination, (c) 512,899,250 Ordinary Shares issued to holders of ordinary shares and preferred shares of Arrival in the Business Combination, (d) 7,175,000 Ordinary Shares that may be received upon exercise of the Private Placement Warrants and (e) 7,255,878 Ordinary Shares that may be received upon the exercise of the Options. The Selling Securityholders may from time to time offer and sell any or all of the Ordinary Shares set forth below pursuant to this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement. When we refer to the “Selling Securityholders” in this prospectus, we mean the persons listed in the table below, and the pledgees, donees, transferees, assignees, successors, designees and others who later come to hold any of the Selling Securityholders’ interest in the Ordinary Shares other than through a public sale.

The following table sets forth, as of the date of this prospectus, the names of the Selling Securityholders the aggregate number of Ordinary Shares beneficially owned, and the aggregate number of Ordinary Shares that the Selling Securityholders may offer pursuant to this prospectus. We have based percentage ownership on 606,157,267 Ordinary Shares outstanding as of March 25, 2021.

We have determined beneficial ownership in accordance with the rules of the SEC and the information is not necessarily indicative of beneficial ownership for any other purpose. Unless otherwise indicated below, to our knowledge, the persons and entities named in the tables have sole voting and sole investment power with respect to all securities that they beneficially own, subject to community property laws where applicable.

We cannot advise you as to whether the Selling Securityholders will in fact sell any or all of such Ordinary Shares. As such, we are unable to declare the number of Ordinary Shares that the Selling Securityholders will retain after any such sale. In addition, the Selling Securityholders may sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of, at any time and from time to time, the Ordinary Shares in transactions exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act after the date of this prospectus.

101

Selling Securityholder information for each additional Selling Securityholder, if any, will be set forth by prospectus supplement to the extent required prior to the time of any offer or sale of such Selling Securityholder’s shares pursuant to this prospectus. Any prospectus supplement may add, update, substitute, or change the information contained in this prospectus, including the identity of each Selling Securityholder and the number of Ordinary Shares registered on its behalf. A Selling Securityholder may sell or otherwise transfer all, some or none of such shares in this offering. See “Plan of Distribution.”


	Securities Beneficially Owned prior to this Offering					Maximum Number of Securities to be Sold in this Offering		Securities Beneficially Owned after this Offering
Name of Selling Securityholder	Ordinary Shares		Percentage⁽¹⁾			Ordinary Shares		Ordinary Shares		Percentage⁽¹⁾
Kinetik S.à r.l.⁽²⁾		463,275,682		76.43	%		463,275,682		—		—
Denis Sverdlov⁽³⁾		818,639		*			818,639		—		—
Avinash Rugoobur⁽⁴⁾		491,184		*			491,184		—		—
Tim Holbrow⁽⁵⁾		98,237		*			98,237		—		—
Daniel Chin⁽⁶⁾		163,728		*			163,728		—		—
Michael Ableson⁽⁷⁾		245,593		*			245,593		—		—
Hyundai Motor Company⁽⁸⁾		13,098,240		2.16	%		13,098,240		—		—
Kia Corporation⁽⁹⁾		3,274,560		*			3,274,560		—		—
United Parcel Service General Services Co.⁽¹⁰⁾		1,637,280		*			1,637,280		—		—
WCPF II Holdings Limited⁽¹¹⁾		8,186,400		1.35	%		8,186,400		—		—
Entities Associated with BlackRock⁽¹²⁾		24,297,372		4.01	%		24,297,372		—		—
F. Peter Cuneo and Maris S. Cuneo⁽¹³⁾		1,874,680		*			1,874,680		—		—
Twin Oaks Venture LLC⁽¹⁴⁾		3,070,473		*			3,070,473		—		—
Chris Rogers⁽¹⁵⁾		25,000		*			25,000		—		—
David Flowers⁽¹⁶⁾		25,000		*			25,000		—		—
Kenneth West⁽¹⁷⁾		25,000		*			25,000		—		—
Kristen O’Hara⁽¹⁸⁾		25,000		*			25,000		—		—
MacLeod Holdings LLC⁽¹⁹⁾		398,599		*			398,599		—		—
Magnetar Constellation Fund II, Ltd⁽²⁰⁾		543,046		*			543,046		—		—
Magnetar Constellation Master Fund, Ltd⁽²⁰⁾		585,244		*			585,244		—		—
Magnetar SC Fund Ltd⁽²⁰⁾		129,727		*			129,727		—		—
Magnetar Structured Credit Fund, LP⁽²⁰⁾		325,975		*			325,975		—		—
Magnetar Xing He Master Fund Ltd⁽²⁰⁾		258,716		*			258,716		—		—
ACM ALAMOSA (Cayman) Holdco LP⁽²¹⁾		4,390,608		*			2,842,708		1,547,900		*
Entities Advised by Capital Research and Management Company⁽²²⁾		10,587,500		1.75	%		10,587,500		—		—
Fidelity Select Portfolios : Select Automotive Portfolio⁽²³⁾		17,566		*			17,566		—		—
Fidelity Securities Fund: Fidelity Blue Chip Growth Fund⁽²³⁾		734,236		*			734,236		—		—
Fidelity Blue Chip Growth Commingled Pool By: Fidelity Management Trust Company, as Trustee⁽²³⁾		22,389		*			22,389		—		—
Fidelity Securities Fund: Fidelity Flex Large Cap Growth Fund⁽²³⁾		1,359		*			1,359		—		—

102


	Securities Beneficially Owned prior to this Offering				Maximum Number of Securities to be Sold in this Offering		Securities Beneficially Owned after this Offering
Name of Selling Securityholder	Ordinary Shares		Percentage⁽¹⁾		Ordinary Shares		Ordinary Shares		Percentage⁽¹⁾
Fidelity Securities Fund: Fidelity Blue Chip Growth K6 Fund⁽²³⁾		80,062		*		80,062		—		—
Fidelity Blue Chip Growth Institutional Trust By its manager Fidelity Investments Canada ULC⁽²³⁾		2,282		*		2,282		—		—
Fidelity Securities Fund: Fidelity Series Blue Chip Growth Fund⁽²³⁾		95,249		*		95,249		—		—
FIAM Target Date Blue Chip Growth Commingled Pool By: Fidelity Institutional Asset Management Trust Company as Trustee⁽²³⁾		64,423		*		64,423		—		—
Fidelity Mt. Vernon Street Trust: Fidelity Series Growth Company Fund⁽²³⁾		714,028		*		714,028		—		—
Fidelity Mt. Vernon Street Trust: Fidelity Growth Company Fund⁽²³⁾		3,325,053		*		3,325,053		—		—
Fidelity Growth Company Commingled Pool By: Fidelity Management Trust Company, as Trustee⁽²³⁾		3,056,477		*		3,056,477		—		—
Fidelity Mt. Vernon Street Trust : Fidelity Growth Company K6 Fund⁽²³⁾		404,442		*		404,442		—		—
Variable Insurance Products Fund III: Growth Opportunities Portfolio⁽²³⁾		240,957		*		240,957		—		—
Fidelity Advisor Series I: Fidelity Advisor Growth Opportunities Fund⁽²³⁾		1,603,317		*		1,603,317		—		—
Fidelity Advisor Series I: Fidelity Advisor Series Growth Opportunities Fund⁽²³⁾		65,104		*		65,104		—		—
Fidelity U.S. Growth Opportunities Investment Trust by its manager Fidelity Investments Canada ULC⁽²³⁾		15,364		*		15,364		—		—
Fidelity NorthStar Fund by its manager Fidelity Investments Canada ULC⁽²³⁾		75,257		*		75,257		—		—
Next Generation Vehicles Master Fund (Cayman) L.P.⁽²⁴⁾		434,864		*		388,500		46,364		*
Spindraft Investors (Bermuda) L.P.⁽²⁴⁾		64,000		*		64,000		—		—
Spindrift Partners, L.P.⁽²⁴⁾		94,800		*		94,800		—		—
Wellington Trust Company, National Association Multiple Collective Investment Funds Trust, Opportunistic Equity Portfolio⁽²⁴⁾		331,900		*		331,900		—		—
Wellington Trust Company, National Association Multiple Common Trust Funds Trust, Opportunistic Equity Portfolio⁽²⁴⁾		120,800		*		120,800		—		—
Corbin ERISA Opportunity Fund, Ltd.⁽²⁵⁾		220,000		*		220,000		—		—
Corbin Opportunity Fund, L.P.⁽²⁶⁾		80,000		*		80,000		—		—
Joint Stock Company BBR Bank⁽²⁷⁾		912,709		*		600,000		312,709		*
The K2 Principal Fund L.P.⁽²⁸⁾		600,000		*		600,000		—		—

103


	Securities Beneficially Owned prior to this Offering				Maximum Number of Securities to be Sold in this Offering		Securities Beneficially Owned after this Offering
Name of Selling Securityholder	Ordinary Shares		Percentage⁽¹⁾		Ordinary Shares		Ordinary Shares		Percentage⁽¹⁾
Alyeska Master Fund, L.P.⁽²⁹⁾		5,900,000		*		5,900,000		—		—
BNP Paribas Asset Management UK Limited as Agent on Behalf of BNP Paribas Funds Energy Transition⁽³⁰⁾		2,000,000		*		2,000,000		—		—
Hartford Growth Fund Limited⁽³¹⁾		500,000		*		500,000		—		—
MLM CIIG LLC⁽³²⁾		2,671,874		*		2,671,874		—		—
Tech Opportunities LLC⁽³³⁾		894,935		*		894,935		—		—
Michael Granoff		100,000		*		100,000		—		—
Aiperi Dalbaeva		30,047		*		30,047		—		—
Aleksejs Irinics		38,857		*		38,857		—		—
Alex Jarvis		73,600		*		73,600		—		—
Alexander Austin		24,560		*		24,560		—		—
Alexander Evdokimov		163,728		*		163,728		—		—
Alexander Hautenne Hanson		43,597		*		43,597		—		—
Alexey Fedchenko		130,983		*		130,983		—		—
Alexey Vovchenko		51,297		*		51,297		—		—
Alistair Tapper		27,698		*		27,698		—		—
Alistair Thompson		33,911		*		33,911		—		—
Andrei Timerbaev		26,604		*		26,604		—		—
Andrew Parker		30,698		*		30,698		—		—
Andrew Reid		81,864		*		81,864		—		—
Angus Dick		72,683		*		72,683		—		—
Anubhav Singh		26,577		*		26,577		—		—
Ben Jardine		180,101		*		180,101		—		—
Christoforos Chatzikomis		25,810		*		25,810		—		—
Claudio Barbato		29,375		*		29,375		—		—
Csaba Horvath		130,983		*		130,983		—		—
Dan Barwell		25,266		*		25,266		—		—
Daniel Simon		131,168		*		131,168		—		—
David Sale		42,326		*		42,326		—		—
Dmitrii Rudnitckii		163,728		*		163,728		—		—
Dmitry Vorobyev		24,560		*		24,560		—		—
Douglas Morton		29,375		*		29,375		—		—
Egor Ivanov		49,119		*		49,119		—		—
Gilles Dusemon		24,560		*		24,560		—		—
Giuseppe Montano		163,728		*		163,728		—		—
Glenn Saint		163,728		*		163,728		—		—
Gregory Forostovsky		196,474		*		196,474		—		—
Hasnain Tariq		32,500		*		32,500		—		—
Ivan Makeev		39,301		*		39,301		—		—
Jacek Mikus		36,550		*		36,550		—		—
Jake Oliveira		25,428		*		25,428		—		—
James Gadd		27,908		*		27,908		—		—
Jason Kline		24,560		*		24,560		—		—
Jeremy Offer		163,728		*		163,728		—		—
Joe Allum		32,488		*		32,488		—		—

104


	Securities Beneficially Owned prior to this Offering				Maximum Number of Securities to be Sold in this Offering		Securities Beneficially Owned after this Offering
Name of Selling Securityholder	Ordinary Shares		Percentage⁽¹⁾		Ordinary Shares		Ordinary Shares		Percentage⁽¹⁾
Joe Griston		163,728		*		163,728		—		—
John Hankinson		37,514		*		37,514		—		—
John Tillotson		32,869		*		32,869		—		—
Julie McTear		47,930		*		47,930		—		—
Karandeep Bhogal		114,610		*		114,610		—		—
Kevin O’Flynn		24,560		*		24,560		—		—
Kwame Nyanning		49,119		*		49,119		—		—
Laurence Cook		27,347		*		27,347		—		—
Liam Medler		24,560		*		24,560		—		—
Maksim Kumskoi		87,017		*		87,017		—		—
Maksim Pavilainen		163,728		*		163,728		—		—
Manos Polioudis		34,958		*		34,958		—		—
Matas Simonavicius		50,413		*		50,413		—		—
Michael Anatolitis		24,852		*		24,852		—		—
Miroslaw Leszczynski		66,157		*		66,157		—		—
Murray Schofield		49,610		*		49,610		—		—
Nicholas Clay		44,684		*		44,684		—		—
Nick Boultbee		26,459		*		26,459		—		—
Nicola Owen		29,774		*		29,774		—		—
Nikolay Bunbich		98,237		*		98,237		—		—
Olga Fedoseeva		24,560		*		24,560		—		—
Patrick Bion		163,728		*		163,728		—		—
Richard Constable		45,204		*		45,204		—		—
Rob Thompson		163,728		*		163,728		—		—
Rodion Shishkov		409,320		*		409,320		—		—
Rory Dow		28,236		*		28,236		—		—
Rowan Read		41,775		*		41,775		—		—
Scott Evans		31,232		*		31,232		—		—
Sergey Cherdantsev		84,007		*		84,007		—		—
Sergey Malygin		409,320		*		409,320		—		—
Sergey Sulgin		147,356		*		147,356		—		—
Stewart Morley		130,983		*		130,983		—		—
Stuart Bennett		28,287		*		28,287		—		—
Tracey Yi		81,864		*		81,864		—		—
Vasilii Mishchenko		163,728		*		163,728		—		—
Victoria Tomlinson		73,628		*		73,628		—		—
Vilas Chitrakaran		24,560		*		24,560		—		—
Vyacheslav Serdyuk		38,388		*		38,388		—		—
Yakub Zolynski		33,438		*		33,438		—		—
Zvonimir Sucic		32,746		*		32,746		—		—
Justin Cook		81,864		*		81,864		—		—
Lucas Di Grassi		81,864		*		81,864		—		—
Mikhail Sokolov		81,864		*		81,864		—		—
Alexey Kozyrev		73,678		*		73,678		—		—
Nick Arini		57,304		*		57,304		—		—
Svetlana Ershova		57,304		*		57,304		—		—
Additional Selling Securityholders⁽³⁴⁾		6,003,361		*		6,003,361		—		—

105

*	Less than one percent of outstanding Ordinary Shares.

(1)	Percentages are based on 606,157,267 Ordinary Shares outstanding as of March 25, 2021 following the consummation of the Business Combination.

(2)

The trustee of The Kinetik Trust, The Kinetik Foundation, may be deemed to have voting and investment power over the Ordinary Shares held by Kinetik S.à r.l. Voting and investment decisions are made on behalf of The Kinetik Foundation by a council of three members, none of whom have individual or investment power with respect to such shares.

(3)

Denis Sverdlov serves as the Chief Executive Officer of the Company. Represents Ordinary Shares that may be received upon exercise of Options held by Mr. Sverdlov. Such shares are subject to a six-month lock up period during which time Mr. Sverdlov does not have the power to vote or dispose of such shares.

(4)	Avinash Rugoobur serves as a Director and President of the Company. Represents shares of restricted stock that Mr. Rugoobur holds that are subject to a six-month lock up period during which time he does not have the power to vote or dispose of such shares.

(5)	Tim Holbrow serves as the interim Chief Financial Officer of the Company. Represents shares of restricted stock that Mr. Holbrow holds that are subject to a six-month lock up period during which time he does not have the power to vote or dispose of such shares.

(6)	Daniel Chin serves as the General Counsel of the Company. Represents shares of restricted stock that Mr. Chin holds that are subject to a six-month lock up period during which time he does not have the power to vote or dispose of such shares.

(7)	Michael Ableson serves as the Chief Executive Officer, Automotive of the Company. Represents shares of restricted stock that Mr. Ableson holds that are subject to a six-month lock up period during which time he does not have the power to vote or dispose of such shares.

(8)	Hyundai Motor Company is a publicly held entity listed on the Korea Exchange.

(9)	Kia Corporation is a publicly held entity listed on the Korea Exchange.

(10)	United Parcel Service General Services Co. is a wholly owned subsidiary of United Parcel Service, Inc., a publicly traded entity.

(11)

WCPF II Holdings Limited (“WCPF II”) is an investment vehicle of Winter Capital Partners Fund II LP (“WCPF LP”). Since WCPF II is managed and controlled by its general partner, WCPF II GP, Wade Allan Kenny, director of WCPF II GP, may be deemed to have sole power to vote or dispose of the Ordinary Shares held directly by WCPF II. Mr. Alexey Bashkirov is an indirect beneficial owner of WCPF II GP. Mr. Bashkirov disclaims beneficial ownership of the Ordinary Shares held by WCPF II, except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein. Mr. Vladimir Potanin is an indirect shareholder of Whiteleave Holdings Limited, a company organized under the laws of Cyprus, which is the anchor investor of WCPF LP. Mr. Potanin disclaims beneficial ownership of the Ordinary Shares held by WCPF II.

(12)

The registered holders of the Ordinary Shares are the following funds and accounts under management by subsidiaries of BlackRock, Inc.: BlackRock Global Allocation Fund, Inc.; BlackRock Global Funds — Global Allocation Fund; BlackRock Global Allocation V.I. Fund of BlackRock Variable Series Funds, Inc.; BlackRock Global Allocation Portfolio of BlackRock Series Fund, Inc.; BlackRock Global Allocation Fund (Australia); BlackRock Global Allocation Collective Fund; BlackRock Global Funds — Global Dynamic Equity Fund; BlackRock Strategic Income Opportunities Portfolio of BlackRock Funds V; BlackRock Capital Allocation Trust; BlackRock Science and Technology Trust; BlackRock Science and Technology Trust II; BlackRock Global Funds — Next Generation Technology Fund; HC NCBR Fund; BlackRock Credit Alpha Master Fund, L.P.; The Obsidian Master Fund; BlackRock Strategic Equity Hedge Fund (Screened) Limited; and BlackRock Strategic Equity Hedge Fund Limited. BlackRock, Inc. is the ultimate parent holding company of such subsidiaries. On behalf of such subsidiaries, the applicable portfolio managers, as managing directors (or in other capacities) of such entities, and/or the applicable investment committee members of such funds and accounts, have voting and investment power over the shares held by the funds and accounts which are the registered holders of the referenced shares. Such portfolio managers and/or investment committee members expressly disclaim beneficial ownership of all shares held by such

106

funds and accounts. Shares shown include only the securities being registered for resale and may not incorporate all shares deemed to be beneficially held by the registered holders or BlackRock, Inc.

(13)	Mr. Cuneo serves as the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company and previously served as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of CIIG.

(14)	The manager of Twin Oaks Ventures LLC, Gavin Cuneo, may be deemed to have voting and investment power over the securities held by Twin Oaks Ventures LLC.

(15)	Mr. Rogers previously served as a Director of CIIG.

(16)	Mr. Flowers previously served as a Director of CIIG.

(17)	Mr. West previously served as a Director of CIIG.

(18)	Ms. O’Hara serves as a Director of the Company and previously served as a Director of CIIG.

(19)	The manager of MacLeod Holdings LLC, Colin Cuneo, may be deemed to have voting and investment power over the securities held by MacLeod Holdings LLC.

(20)

The registered holders of the referenced shares to be registered are the following funds and accounts that are managed by Magnetar Financial LLC (“MFL”), which serves as investment manager of each Magnetar Constellation Master Fund, Ltd., Magnetar Constellation Fund II, Ltd, Magnetar SC Fund Ltd, and Magnetar Xing He Master Fund Ltd. MFL is the general partner of Magnetar Structured Credit Fund, LP (together with all of the foregoing funds, the “Magnetar Funds”). In such capacities, MFL exercises voting and investment power over the securities listed above held for the accounts of the Magnetar Funds. MFL is a registered investment adviser under Section 203 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. Magnetar Capital Partners LP (“MCP”), is the sole member and parent holding company of MFL. Supernova Management LLC (“Supernova”), is the sole general partner of MCP. The manager of Supernova is Alec N. Litowitz, a citizen of the United States of America. Each of the Magnetar Funds, MFL, MCP, Supernova and Alec N. Litowitz disclaim beneficial ownership of these securities except to the extent of their pecuniary interest in the securities. Shares shown include only the securities being registered for resale and may not incorporate all interests deemed to be beneficially held by the registered holders described above or by other investment funds managed or advised by MFL.

(21)	The Company securities being registered in the Registration Statement on behalf of ACM ALAMOSA (Cayman) Holdco LP are beneficially owned by Ivan Zinn.

(22)

Consists of (i) 5,269,585 Ordinary Shares held by American Funds Fundamental Investors (“FI”), (ii) 4,820,116 Ordinary Shares held by The Growth Fund of America (“GFA”), (iii) 449,469 Ordinary Shares held by American Funds Insurance Series – Growth Fund (“VIG” and, together with FI and GFA, the “CRMC Stockholders”), (iv) 33,516 Ordinary Shares held by Capital Group Growth Fund of America Trust (US) (“TGFA”) and (v) 14,814 Ordinary Shares held by Capital Group Fundamental Investors Trust (US) (“TFI” and, together with TGFA, the “CB&T Stockholders”). Capital Bank and Trust Company (“CB&T”) is the discretionary trustee and investment adviser for each CB&T Stockholder, and Capital Research and Management Company (“CRMC”) has been retained by CB&T as investment adviser to CB&T. CRMC, Capital World Investors (“CWI”) and/or Capital Research Global Investors (“CRGI”) may be deemed to be the beneficial owner of the Ordinary Shares held by the CRMC Stockholders; however, each of CRMC, CWI and CRGI expressly disclaims that it is the beneficial owner of such securities. CB&T, CRMC and/or CWI may be deemed to be the beneficial owner of the Ordinary Shares held by the CB&T Stockholders; however, each of CB&T, CRMC and CWI expressly disclaims that it is the beneficial owner of such securities. Brady L. Enright, Mark L. Casey, Julian N. Abdey, Paul Benjamin, Matthews Cherian, Irfan M. Furniturewala, and Dina N. Perry as portfolio managers, have voting and investment powers over the shares held by FI. Christopher D. Buchbinder, Mark L. Casey, Barry S. Crosthwaite, J. Blair Frank, Joanna F. Jonsson, Carl M. Kawaja, Donald D. O’Neal, AnneMarie Peterson, Alex Popa, Andraz Razen, Martin Romo, Lawrence R. Solomon, and Alan J. Wilson, as portfolio managers, have voting and investment powers over the shares held by GFA. Christopher D. Buchbinder, Mark L. Casey, Barry S. Crosthwaite, J. Blair Frank, Joanna F. Jonsson, Carl M. Kawaja, Donald D. O’Neal, Anne-Marie Peterson, Alex Popa, Andraz Razen, Martin Romo, Lawrence R. Solomon, and Alan J. Wilson, as portfolio managers, have voting and investment powers over the shares held by VIG. Christopher D. Buchbinder, Mark L. Casey, Barry S. Crosthwaite, J. Blair Frank, Joanna F. Jonsson, Carl M. Kawaja, Donald D. O’Neal, Anne-Marie Peterson, Alex Popa, Andraz Razen, Martin Romo, Lawrence R. Solomon, and Alan J. Wilson, as portfolio

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managers, have voting and investment powers over the shares held by TGFA. Brady L. Enright, Mark L. Casey, Julian N. Abdey, Paul Benjamin, Matthews Cherian, Irfan M. Furniturewala, and Dina N. Perry, as portfolio managers, have voting and investment powers over the shares held by TFI. Each of the CRMC Stockholders and CB&T Stockholders acquired the securities being registered hereby in the ordinary course of its business.

(23)

These accounts are managed by direct or indirect subsidiaries of FMR LLC. Abigail P. Johnson is a Director, the Chairman, the Chief Executive Officer and the President of FMR LLC. Members of the Johnson family, including Abigail P. Johnson, are the predominant owners, directly or through trusts, of Series B voting common shares of FMR LLC, representing 49% of the voting power of FMR LLC. The Johnson family group and all other Series B shareholders have entered into a shareholders’ voting agreement under which all Series B voting common shares will be voted in accordance with the majority vote of Series B voting common shares. Accordingly, through their ownership of voting common shares and the execution of the shareholders’ voting agreement, members of the Johnson family may be deemed, under the Investment Company Act of 1940, to form a controlling group with respect to FMR LLC. Neither FMR LLC nor Abigail P. Johnson has the sole power to vote or direct the voting of the shares owned directly by the various investment companies registered under the Investment Company Act (“Fidelity Funds”) advised by Fidelity Management & Research Company (“FMR Co”), a wholly owned subsidiary of FMR LLC, which power resides with the Fidelity Funds’ Boards of Trustees. Fidelity Management & Research Company carries out the voting of the shares under written guidelines established by the Fidelity Funds’ Boards of Trustees.

(24)

Wellington Management Company LLP (“WMC”) has the power to vote and dispose of the reported securities offered hereby pursuant to WMC’s capacity as investment adviser on behalf of the Selling Securityholder. WMC is a subsidiary of Wellington Management Group LLP (“WMG”). WMG is a Massachusetts limited liability partnership, privately held by 172 partners (as of July 1, 2020). No external entities have any ownership interest in WMC. Individual percentages of ownership are confidential. However, no single partner owns or has the right to vote more than 5% of the partnership’s capital. Additional information about WMC is available in Form ADV filed with the SEC. The Selling Securityholder is advised by WMC, a registered investment adviser. WMC has the power to vote and dispose the securities pursuant to WMC’s investment management agreement with the Selling Securityholder. WMC is under common control with Wellington Funds Distributors Inc., a limited-scope broker-dealer registered with FINRA and organized under the laws of Delaware. Wellington Funds Distributors Inc. does not engage in retail brokerage, lending, securities underwriting or proprietary trading and, therefore, does not participate in any offerings.

(25)

Corbin Capital Partners, L.P. (“CCP”) is the investment manager of Corbin ERISA Opportunity Fund, Ltd. CCP and its general partner, Corbin Capital Partners Group, LLC, may be deemed beneficial owners of the Company securities being registered in the Registration Statement on behalf of Corbin ERISA Opportunity Fund, Ltd. Craig Bergstrom is the Chief Investment Officer of Corbin Capital Partners, L.P., the investment manager of this Selling Securityholder, and accordingly directs the voting and investment decisions with respect to the shares held by this Selling Securityholder. Mr. Bergstrom disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares.

(26)

CCP is the investment manager of Corbin Opportunity Fund, L.P. CCP and its general partner, Corbin Capital Partners Group, LLC, may be deemed beneficial owners of the Company securities being registered in the Registration Statement on behalf of Corbin Opportunity Fund, L.P. Craig Bergstrom is the Chief Investment Officer of Corbin Capital Partners, L.P., the investment manager of this Selling Securityholder, and accordingly directs the voting and investment decisions with respect to the shares held by this Selling Securityholder. Mr. Bergstrom disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares.

(27)	Shvetcov Dmitry Nikolaevich, Gordeev Denis Evgenevich and Gordovich Dmitry Germanovich are the investment advisors to and control the shares held by Joint Stock Company BBR Bank.

(28)	K2 Genpar 2017 Inc. is the general partner of The K2 Principal Fund L.P. and Daniel Gosselin, Secretary of K2 Genpar 2017 Inc., has investment and dispositive power over the securities beneficially owned by The K2 Principal Fund L.P.

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(29)

Alyeska Investment Group, L.P., the investment manager of the Selling Securityholder, has voting and investment control of the shares held by the Selling Securityholder. Anand Parekh is the Chief Executive Officer of Alyeska Investment Group, L.P. and may be deemed to be the beneficial owner of such shares. Mr. Parekh, however, disclaims any beneficial ownership of the shares held by the Selling Securityholder.

(30)

BNP PARIBAS ASSET MANAGEMENT UK Ltd (“BNPP AM UK”) is a registered investment manager and acts as investment manager to BNP PARIBAS FUNDS ENERGY TRANSITION on whose behalf these Ordinary Shares were purchased. BNPP AM UK is an affiliate of a broker-dealer. BNPP AM UK acquired the shares being registered hereunder in the ordinary course of business, and at the time of the acquisition of the shares described herein, BNPP AM UK did not have any arrangements or understandings with any person to distribute such securities. BNPP AM UK holds the voting and dispositive power with respect to the shares held by BNP PARIBAS FUNDS ENERGY TRANSITION. BNPP AM UK is a wholly owned subsidiary of BNP PARIBAS ASSET MANAGEMENT HOLDING SA, and its ultimate parent company is BNP PARIBAS SA. Edward Lees and Ulrik Fugmann are the natural persons who hold voting and dispositive power over such shares. Messrs. Lees and Fugmann disclaim any beneficial ownership of such shares held by the Selling Securityholder.

(31)	Omni Partners LLP is the investment manager of the Selling Securityholder in this offering and may be deemed to have voting and dispositive power with respect to the shares. The partners of Omni Partners LLP are Steven Clark, Elissa Von Broembsen-Kluever and Scott Usher.

(32)	The managing member of MLM CIIG LLC, Michael Minnick, may be deemed to have voting and investment power over the securities held by MLM CIIG LLC.

(33)

Hudson Bay Capital Management LP, the investment manager of Tech Opportunities LLC, has voting and investment power over these securities. Sander Gerber is the managing member of Hudson Bay Capital GP LLC, which is the general partner of Hudson Bay Capital Management LP. Each of Tech Opportunities LLC and Sander Gerber disclaims beneficial ownership over these securities.

(34)	The disclosure with respect to the remaining Selling Securityholders is being made on an aggregate basis, as opposed to an individual basis, because their aggregate holdings are less than 1% of the outstanding Ordinary Shares.

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MATERIAL LUXEMBOURG INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

The following is a general description of certain Luxembourg tax considerations relating to the Company and the holders of Ordinary Shares and Warrants. It does not purport to be a complete analysis of all tax considerations in relation to the Ordinary Shares and Warrants. Holders of the Company’s securities should consult their own tax advisers as to which countries’ tax laws could be relevant to acquiring, holding and disposing of the securities and the consequences of such actions under the tax laws of those countries. This overview is based upon the law as in effect on the date of this document and is subject to any change in law that may take effect after such date, even with retroactive effect.

The comments below are intended as a basic overview of certain tax consequences in relation to the Company and the purchase, ownership and disposition of Ordinary Shares and Warrants under Luxembourg law. Persons who are in any doubt as to their tax position should consult a professional tax adviser.

Withholding taxation

Any dividend distributed by the Company to its shareholders will in principle be subject to a 15% withholding tax unless an exemption or a treaty reduction applies.

Luxembourg taxation of the holders

Luxembourg tax residence of the holders

Holders will not be deemed to be resident, domiciled or carrying on business in Luxembourg solely by reason of holding, execution, performance, delivery, exchange and/or enforcement of the Ordinary Shares and Warrants.

Taxation of Luxembourg non-residents

Holders who are non-residents of Luxembourg and who do not have a permanent establishment, a permanent representative, or a fixed place of business in Luxembourg with which the holding of the Ordinary Shares and Warrants is connected, are not liable to any Luxembourg income tax, whether they receive payments upon redemption or repurchase of the Ordinary Shares and Warrants, or realize capital gains on the sale of any Ordinary Shares and Warrants, unless they sell a participation of more than 10% in the Company within 6 months of its acquisition.

Taxation of Luxembourg residents

Holders who are Luxembourg resident companies (société de capitaux) or foreign entities which have a permanent establishment or a permanent representative in Luxembourg with which the holding of the Ordinary Shares and Warrants is connected, must include in their taxable income any income (including dividend) and the difference between the sale or redemption price and the lower of the cost or book value of the Ordinary Shares and Warrants sold or redeemed.

Luxembourg resident corporate holders who are family wealth management companies subject to the law of 11 May 2007, undertakings for collective investment subject to the law of 17 December 2010, to the law of 13 February 2007, or to the law of 23 July 2016 on reserved alternative investment funds (provided it is not foreseen in the incorporation documents that (i) the exclusive object is the investment in risk capital and that (ii) article 48 of the aforementioned law of 23 July 2016 applies) are tax exempt entities in Luxembourg, and are thus not subject to any Luxembourg tax (i.e. corporate income tax, municipal business tax and net wealth tax), other than the annual subscription tax calculated on their (paid up) share capital (and share premium) or net asset value.

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Net Wealth Tax

Luxembourg net wealth tax will not be levied on the Ordinary Shares and Warrants held by a corporate holder, unless: (a) such holder is a Luxembourg resident other than a holder governed by: (i) the laws of 17 December 2010 and 13 February 2007 on undertakings for collective investment; (ii) the law of 22 March 2004 on securitisation; (iii) the law of 15 June 2004 on the investment company in risk capital; (iv) the law of 11 May 2007 on family estate management companies; or (v) the law of 23 July 2016 on reserved alternative investment funds or (b) such Ordinary Shares and Warrants are attributable to an enterprise or part thereof which is carried on by a non-resident company in Luxembourg through a permanent establishment.

Luxembourg net wealth tax is levied at a 0.5 per cent rate up to EUR 500 million taxable base and at a 0.05 per cent rate on the taxable base in excess of EUR 500 million. Securitization vehicles, investment companies in risk capital (Société d’investissement en capital à risque (SICAR)), a regulated structure designed for private equity and venture capital investments (organized as tax opaque companies), and reserved alternative investment funds subject to the law of 23 July 2016 (provided it is foreseen in the incorporation documents that (i) the exclusive object is the investment in risk capital and that (ii) article 48 of the aforementioned law of 23 July 2016 applies), are subject to net wealth tax up to the amount of the minimum net wealth tax.

The minimum net wealth tax is levied on companies having their statutory seat or central administration in Luxembourg. For entities for which the sum of fixed financial assets, receivables against related companies, transferable securities and cash at bank exceeds 90 per cent of their total gross assets and EUR 350,000, the minimum net wealth tax is currently set at EUR 4,815. For all other companies having their statutory seat or central administration in Luxembourg which do not fall within the scope of the EUR 4,815 minimum net wealth tax, the minimum net wealth tax ranges from EUR 535 to EUR 32,100, depending on the company’s total gross assets.

Other Taxes

No stamp, value, issue, registration, transfer or similar taxes or duties will be payable in Luxembourg by Noteholders in connection with the issue of the Ordinary Shares and Warrants, nor will any of these taxes be payable as a consequence of a subsequent transfer, exchange or redemption of the Ordinary Shares and Warrants, unless the documents relating to the Ordinary Shares and Warrants are (i) voluntarily registered in Luxembourg or (ii) appended to a document that requires obligatory registration in Luxembourg.

There is no Luxembourg value added tax payable in respect of payments in consideration for the issuance of the Ordinary Shares and Warrants or in respect of the payment under the Ordinary Shares and Warrants or the transfer of the Ordinary Shares and Warrants. Luxembourg value added tax may, however, be payable in respect of fees charged for certain services rendered to the Company if, for Luxembourg value added tax purposes, such services are rendered or are deemed to be rendered in Luxembourg and an exemption from Luxembourg value added tax does not apply with respect to such services.

No Luxembourg inheritance tax is levied on the transfer of the Ordinary Shares and Warrants upon the death of a holder in cases where the deceased was not a resident of Luxembourg for inheritance tax purposes. Where a holder is a resident of Luxembourg for tax purposes at the time of his death, the Ordinary Shares and Warrants are included in his taxable estate for inheritance tax assessment purposes.

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MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS

The following is a discussion of material U.S. federal income tax considerations to U.S. Holders relating to the acquisition, ownership and disposition of the Ordinary Shares and Warrants as of the date hereof. The discussion below only applies to the Ordinary Share and Warrants held as capital assets for U.S. federal income tax purposes and does not describe all of the tax consequences that may be relevant to holders in light of their particular circumstances, including alternative minimum tax and Medicare contribution tax consequences, or holders who are subject to special rules, such as:

•

financial institutions or financial services entities;

•

insurance companies;

•

government agencies or instrumentalities thereof;

•

regulated investment companies and real estate investment trusts;

•

expatriates or former residents of the United States;

•

persons that acquired the Ordinary Shares or Warrants pursuant to an exercise of employee share options, in connection with employee share incentive plans or otherwise as compensation;

•

dealers or traders subject to a mark-to-market method of tax accounting with respect to the Ordinary Shares or Warrants;

•

persons holding the Ordinary Shares or Warrants as part of a “straddle,” constructive sale, hedging, integrated transactions or similar transactions;

•

a person whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar;

•

partnerships or other pass-through entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes or investors in such entities;

•

holders that are controlled foreign corporations or PFICs;

•

a person required to accelerate the recognition of any item of gross income with respect to the Ordinary Shares or Warrants as a result of such income being recognized on an applicable financial statement;

•

a person actually or constructively owning 10% or more of the Ordinary Shares; or

•

tax-exempt entities.

This discussion does not consider the tax treatment of entities that are partnerships or other pass-through entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes or persons who hold the Ordinary Shares or Warrants through such entities. If a partnership or other pass-through entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes is the beneficial owner of Ordinary Shares or Warrants, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of partners of the partnership will generally depend on the status of the partners and the activities of the partner and the partnership.

This discussion is based on the Code, and administrative pronouncements, judicial decisions and final, temporary and proposed U.S. Treasury regulations all as of the date hereof, changes to any of which subsequent to the date of this prospectus may affect the tax consequences described in this prospectus. This discussion does not take into account potential suggested or proposed changes in such tax laws which may impact the discussion below and does not address any aspect of state, local or non-U.S. taxation, or any U.S. federal taxes other than income taxes. Each of the foregoing is subject to change, potentially with retroactive effect. Holders are urged to consult their tax advisors with respect to the application of U.S. federal tax laws to their particular situation, as well as any tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, local or non-U.S. jurisdiction.

THIS DISCUSSION IS ONLY A SUMMARY OF THE MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE ACQUISITION, OWNERSHIP AND DISPOSITION OF THE ORDINARY

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SHARES AND WARRANTS. EACH HOLDER OF ORDINARY SHARES OR WARRANTS IS URGED TO CONSULT ITS OWN TAX ADVISOR WITH RESPECT TO THE PARTICULAR TAX CONSEQUENCES TO SUCH INVESTOR, INCLUDING THE APPLICABILITY AND EFFECT OF ANY STATE, LOCAL, AND NON-U.S. TAX LAWS, AS WELL AS U.S. FEDERAL TAX LAWS AND ANY APPLICABLE TAX TREATIES.

U.S. Holders

The section applies to you if you are a U.S. holder. For purposes of this discussion, a U.S. holder means a beneficial owner of Ordinary Shares or Warrants that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

•

an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;

•

a corporation (or other entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;

•

an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source; or

•

a trust if (1) a U.S. court can exercise primary supervision over the trust’s administration and one or more U.S. persons are authorized to control all substantial decisions of the trust; or (2) the trust has a valid election in effect under applicable Treasury Regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.

Distributions on Ordinary Shares

Subject to the discussion below under “—Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules,” the gross amount of any distribution on Ordinary Shares that is made out of the Company’s current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes) generally will be taxable to a U.S. holder as ordinary dividend income on the date such distribution is actually or constructively received. Any such dividends generally will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction allowed to corporations in respect of dividends received from other U.S. corporations. To the extent that the amount of the distribution exceeds the Company’s current and accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles), such excess amount will be treated first as a non-taxable return of capital to the extent of the U.S. holder’s tax basis in its Ordinary Shares, and thereafter as capital gain recognized on a sale or exchange.

Subject to the discussion below under “—Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules,” dividends received by non-corporate U.S. holders (including individuals) from a “qualified foreign corporation” may be eligible for reduced rates of taxation, provided that certain holding period requirements and other conditions are satisfied. For these purposes, a non-U.S. corporation will be treated as a qualified foreign corporation if it is eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States that meets certain requirements. There can be no assurances that the Company will be eligible for benefits of an applicable comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States. A non-U.S. corporation is also treated as a qualified foreign corporation with respect to dividends it pays on shares that are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States. U.S. Treasury guidance indicates that shares listed on Nasdaq (which Ordinary Shares are expected to be) will be considered readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States. There can be no assurance that Ordinary Shares will be considered readily tradable on an established securities market in future years. Non-corporate U.S. holders that do not meet a minimum holding period requirement during which they are not protected from the risk of loss or that elect to treat the dividend income as “investment income” pursuant to Section 163(d)(4) of the Code (dealing with the deduction for investment interest expense) will not be eligible for the reduced rates of taxation regardless of the Company’s status as a qualified foreign corporation. In addition, the rate reduction will not apply to dividends if the recipient of a dividend is obligated to make related payments with respect to the positions in substantially similar or related property. This disallowance applies even if the minimum holding period has been met. The Company will not constitute a qualified foreign corporation for purposes of these rules if it is a passive foreign investment company for the taxable year in which it pays a dividend or for the preceding taxable year. See “—Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules.”

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Subject to certain conditions and limitations, withholding taxes, if any, on dividends paid by the Company may be treated as foreign taxes eligible for credit against a U.S. holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability under the U.S. foreign tax credit rules. For purposes of calculating the U.S. foreign tax credit, dividends paid on Ordinary Shares will generally be treated as income from sources outside the United States and will generally constitute passive category income. The rules governing the U.S. foreign tax credit are complex. U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the availability of the U.S. foreign tax credit under particular circumstances.

Sale, Exchange, Redemption or Other Taxable Disposition of Ordinary Shares and Warrants

Subject to the discussion below under “—Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules,” a U.S. holder generally will recognize gain or loss on any sale, exchange, redemption or other taxable disposition of Ordinary Shares or Warrants in an amount equal to the difference between (i) the amount realized on the disposition and (ii) such U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in such shares and/or warrants. Any gain or loss recognized by a U.S. holder on a taxable disposition of Ordinary Shares or Warrants generally will be capital gain or loss and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the holder’s holding period in such shares and/or warrants exceeds one year at the time of the disposition. Preferential tax rates may apply to long-term capital gains of non-corporate U.S. holders (including individuals). The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations. Any gain or loss recognized by a U.S. holder on the sale or exchange of Ordinary Shares or Warrants generally will be treated as U.S. source gain or loss.

It is possible that Luxembourg may impose an income tax upon sale of Ordinary Shares, in the event a U.S. holder sells a participation of more than 10% in the Company within 6 months of its acquisition. Because gains generally will be treated as U.S. source gain, as a result of the U.S. foreign tax credit limitation, any Luxembourg income tax imposed upon capital gains in respect of Ordinary Shares may not be currently creditable unless a U.S. holder has other foreign source income for the year in the appropriate U.S. foreign tax credit limitation basket. U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the application of Luxembourg taxes to a disposition of Ordinary Shares and their ability to credit a Luxembourg tax against their U.S. federal income tax liability.

Exercise or Lapse of a Warrant

Except as discussed below with respect to the cashless exercise of a Warrant, a U.S. holder generally will not recognize gain or loss upon the acquisition of a Ordinary Share on the exercise of a Warrant for cash. A U.S. holder’s tax basis in a Ordinary Shares received upon exercise of the Warrant generally should be an amount equal to the sum of the U.S. holder’s tax basis in the CIIG warrant exchanged therefor and the exercise price. The U.S. holder’s holding period for a Ordinary Share received upon exercise of the Warrant will begin on the date following the date of exercise (or possibly the date of exercise) of the Warrant and will not include the period during which the U.S. holder held the Warrant. If a Warrant is allowed to lapse unexercised, a U.S. holder generally will recognize a capital loss equal to such holder’s tax basis in the Warrant.

The tax consequences of a cashless exercise of a Warrant are not clear under current tax law. A cashless exercise may be tax-deferred, either because the exercise is not a gain realization event or because the exercise is treated as a recapitalization for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In either tax-deferred situation, a U.S. holder’s basis in the Ordinary Shares received would equal the holder’s basis in the Warrants exercised therefore. If the cashless exercise were treated as not being a gain realization event, a U.S. holder’s holding period in the Ordinary Shares would be treated as commencing on the date following the date of exercise (or possibly the date of exercise) of the Warrants. If the cashless exercise were treated as a recapitalization, the holding period of the Ordinary Shares would include the holding period of the Warrants exercised therefore.

It is also possible that a cashless exercise of a Warrant could be treated in part as a taxable exchange in which gain or loss would be recognized. In such event, a U.S. holder would recognize gain or loss with respect to the portion of the exercised Warrants treated as surrendered to pay the exercise price of the Warrants (the

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“surrendered warrants”). The U.S. holder would recognize capital gain or loss with respect to the surrendered warrants in an amount generally equal to the difference between (i) the fair market value of the Ordinary Shares that would have been received with respect to the surrendered warrants in a regular exercise of the Warrants and (ii) the sum of the U.S. holder’s tax basis in the surrendered warrants and the aggregate cash exercise price of such Warrants (if they had been exercised in a regular exercise). In this case, a U.S. holder’s tax basis in the Ordinary Shares received would equal the U.S. holder’s tax basis in the Warrants exercised plus (or minus) the gain (or loss) recognized with respect to the surrendered warrants. A U.S. holder’s holding period for the Ordinary Shares would commence on the date following the date of exercise (or possibly the date of exercise) of the Warrants.

Due to the absence of authority on the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a cashless exercise of warrants, there can be no assurance which, if any, of the alternative tax consequences and holding periods described above would be adopted by the IRS or a court of law. Accordingly, U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the tax consequences of a cashless exercise of Warrants.

Possible Constructive Distributions

The terms of each Warrant provide for an adjustment to the number of Ordinary Shares for which the Warrant may be exercised or to the exercise price of the Warrant in certain events, as discussed in the section of this prospectus captioned “Description of the Company’s Securities.” An adjustment which has the effect of preventing dilution generally is not taxable. A U.S. holder of a Warrant would, however, be treated as receiving a constructive distribution from the Company if, for example, the adjustment increases the holder’s proportionate interest in the Company’s assets or earnings and profits (e.g., through an increase in the number of Ordinary Shares that would be obtained upon exercise of such warrant) as a result of a distribution of cash to the holders of the Ordinary Shares which is taxable to the U.S. holders of such shares as described under “—Distributions on Ordinary Shares” above. Such constructive distribution would be subject to tax as described under that section in the same manner as if the U.S. holder of such warrant received a cash distribution from the Company equal to the fair market value of such increased interest.

Passive Foreign Investment Company Rules

Generally. The treatment of U.S. holders of the Ordinary Shares could be materially different from that described above if the Company is treated as a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes. A PFIC is any foreign corporation with respect to which either: (i) 75% or more of the gross income for a taxable year constitutes passive income for purposes of the PFIC rules, or (ii) 50% or more of such foreign corporation’s assets in any taxable year (generally based on the quarterly average of the value of its assets during such year) is attributable to assets, including cash, that produce passive income or are held for the production of passive income. Passive income generally includes dividends, interest, certain royalties and rents, annuities, net gains from the sale or exchange of property producing such income and net foreign currency gains. The determination of whether a foreign corporation is a PFIC is based upon the composition of such foreign corporation’s income and assets (including, among others, its proportionate share of the income and assets of any other corporation in which it owns, directly or indirectly, 25% (by value) of the stock), and the nature of such foreign corporation’s activities. A separate determination must be made after the close of each taxable year as to whether a foreign corporation was a PFIC for that year. Once a foreign corporation qualifies as a PFIC it is, with respect to a shareholder during the time it qualifies as a PFIC, and subject to certain exceptions, always treated as a PFIC with respect to such shareholder, regardless of whether it satisfied either of the qualification tests in subsequent years.

Based on the projected composition of the Company’s income and assets, including goodwill, and the fact that the Company is not yet producing revenue from its active operations, the Company may be classified as a PFIC for its taxable year that includes the date of the Merger or in the foreseeable future. The tests for determining PFIC status are applied annually after the close of the taxable year, and it is difficult to predict accurately future

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income and assets relevant to this determination. The fair market value of the assets of the Company is expected to depend, in part, upon (a) the market value of the Ordinary Shares, and (b) the composition of the assets and income of the Company. Further, because the Company may value its goodwill based on the market value of the Ordinary Shares, a decrease in the market value of the Ordinary Shares and/or an increase in cash or other passive assets (including as a result of the Merger) would increase the relative percentage of its passive assets. Moreover, the Company may be classified as a PFIC for its taxable year that includes the date of the closing of the Merger as a result of interest income that the Company earns on its deposits, which generally will be treated as passive income. The application of the PFIC rules is subject to uncertainty in several respects and, therefore, no assurances can be provided that the IRS will not assert that the Company is a PFIC for the taxable year that includes the date of the Merger or in a future year.

If the Company is or becomes a PFIC during any year in which a U.S. holder holds Ordinary Shares, there are three separate taxation regimes that could apply to such U.S. holder under the PFIC rules, which are the (i) excess distribution regime (which is the default regime), (ii) QEF regime, and (iii) mark-to-market regime. A U.S. holder who holds (actually or constructively) stock in a foreign corporation during any year in which such corporation qualifies as a PFIC is subject to U.S. federal income taxation under one of these three regimes. The effect of the PFIC rules on a U.S. holder will depend upon which of these regimes applies to such U.S. holder. However, dividends paid by a PFIC are generally not eligible for the lower rates of taxation applicable to qualified dividend income (“QDI”) under any of the foregoing regimes.

Excess Distribution Regime. If you do not make a QEF election or a mark-to-market election, as described below, you will be subject to the default “excess distribution regime” under the PFIC rules with respect to (i) any gain realized on a sale or other disposition (including a pledge) of your Ordinary Shares, and (ii) any “excess distribution” you receive on your Ordinary Shares (generally, any distributions in excess of 125% of the average of the annual distributions on Ordinary Shares during the preceding three years or your holding period, whichever is shorter). Generally, under this excess distribution regime:

•

the gain or excess distribution will be allocated ratably over the period during which you held your Ordinary Shares;

•

the amount allocated to the current taxable year, will be treated as ordinary income; and

•

the amount allocated to prior taxable years will be subject to the highest tax rate in effect for that taxable year and the interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of tax will be imposed on the resulting tax attributable to each such year.

The tax liability for amounts allocated to years prior to the year of disposition or excess distribution will be payable generally without regard to offsets from deductions, losses and expenses. In addition, gains (but not losses) realized on the sale of your Ordinary Shares cannot be treated as capital gains, even if you hold the shares as capital assets. Further, no portion of any distribution will be treated as QDI.

QEF Regime. A QEF election is effective for the taxable year for which the election is made and all subsequent taxable years and may not be revoked without the consent of the IRS. If a U.S. holder makes a timely QEF election with respect to its direct or indirect interest in a PFIC, the U.S. holder will be required to include in income each year a portion of the ordinary earnings and net capital gains of the PFIC as QEF income inclusions, even if amount is not distributed to the U.S. holder. Thus, the U.S. holder may be required to report taxable income as a result of QEF income inclusions without corresponding receipts of cash. The Company’s shareholders that are U.S. holders subject to U.S. federal income tax should not expect that they will receive cash distributions from the Company sufficient to cover their respective U.S. tax liability with respect to such QEF income inclusions. In addition, U.S. holders of Warrants will not be able to make a QEF election with respect to their warrants.

The timely QEF election also allows the electing U.S. holder to: (i) generally treat any gain recognized on the disposition of its shares of the PFIC as capital gain; (ii) treat its share of the PFIC’s net capital gain, if any, as

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long-term capital gain instead of ordinary income; and (iii) either avoid interest charges resulting from PFIC status altogether, or make an annual election, subject to certain limitations, to defer payment of current taxes on its share of PFIC’s annual realized net capital gain and ordinary earnings subject, however, to an interest charge on the deferred tax computed by using the statutory rate of interest applicable to an extension of time for payment of tax. In addition, net losses (if any) of a PFIC will not pass through to our shareholders and may not be carried back or forward in computing such PFIC’s ordinary earnings and net capital gain in other taxable years. Consequently, a U.S. holder may over time be taxed on amounts that as an economic matter exceed our net profits.

A U.S. holder’s tax basis in Ordinary Shares will be increased to reflect QEF income inclusions and will be decreased to reflect distributions of amounts previously included in income as QEF income inclusions. No portion of the QEF income inclusions attributable to ordinary income will be treated as QDI. Amounts included as QEF income inclusions with respect to direct and indirect investments generally will not be taxed again when distributed. You should consult your tax advisors as to the manner in which QEF income inclusions affect your allocable share of the Company’s income and your basis in your Ordinary Shares.

In order to comply with the requirements of a QEF election, a U.S. Holder must receive certain information from the Company. If the Company determines that it is a PFIC for any taxable year, the Company will endeavor to provide all of the information that a U.S. holder making a QEF election is required to obtain to make and maintain a QEF election, but there is no assurance that the Company will timely provide such information. There is also no assurance that the Company will have timely knowledge of its status as a PFIC in the future or of the required information to be provided. In addition, if the Company holds an interest in a lower-tier PFIC (including, without limitation, in any PFIC subsidiaries), U.S. holders will generally be subject to the PFIC rules described above with respect to any such lower-tier PFICs. There can be no assurance that a portfolio company or subsidiary in which the Company holds an interest will not qualify as a PFIC, or that a PFIC in which the Company holds an interest will provide the information necessary for a QEF election to be made by a U.S. holder (in particular if the Company does not control that PFIC).

Mark-to-Market Regime. Alternatively, a U.S. holder may make an election to mark marketable shares in a PFIC to market on an annual basis. PFIC shares generally are marketable if: (i) they are “regularly traded” on a national securities exchange that is registered with the SEC or on the national market system established under Section 11A of the Exchange Act; or (ii) they are “regularly traded” on any exchange or market that the Treasury Department determines to have rules sufficient to ensure that the market price accurately represents the fair market value of the stock. It is expected that Ordinary Shares, which are expected to be listed on Nasdaq, will qualify as marketable shares for the PFIC rules purposes, but there can be no assurance that Ordinary Shares will be “regularly traded” for purposes of these rules. Pursuant to such an election, you would include in each year as ordinary income the excess, if any, of the fair market value of such stock over its adjusted basis at the end of the taxable year. You may treat as ordinary loss any excess of the adjusted basis of the stock over its fair market value at the end of the year, but only to the extent of the net amount previously included in income as a result of the election in prior years. A U.S. holder’s adjusted tax basis in the PFIC shares will be increased to reflect any amounts included in income, and decreased to reflect any amounts deducted, as a result of a mark-to-market election. Any gain recognized on a disposition of Ordinary Shares will be treated as ordinary income and any loss will be treated as ordinary loss (but only to the extent of the net amount of income previously included as a result of a mark-to-market election). A mark-to-market election only applies for the taxable year in which the election was made, and for each subsequent taxable year, unless the PFIC shares ceased to be marketable or the IRS consents to the revocation of the election. U.S. holders should also be aware that the Code and the Treasury Regulations do not allow a mark-to-market election with respect to stock of lower-tier PFICs that is non-marketable. There is also no provision in the Code, Treasury Regulations or other published authority that specifically provides that a mark-to-market election with respect to the stock of a publicly-traded holding company (such as the Company) effectively exempts stock of any lower-tier PFICs from the negative tax consequences arising from the general PFIC rules. We advise you to consult your own tax advisor to determine whether the mark-to-market tax election is available to you and the consequences resulting from such election. In

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addition, U.S. holders of Warrants will not be able to make a mark-to-market election with respect to their warrants.

PFIC Reporting Requirements. A U.S. holder of Ordinary Shares will be required to file an annual report on IRS Form 8621 containing such information with respect to its interest in a PFIC as the IRS may require. Failure to file IRS Form 8621 for each applicable taxable year may result in substantial penalties and result in the U.S. holder’s taxable years being open to audit by the IRS until such Forms are properly filed.

Additional Reporting Requirements

Certain U.S. holders holding specified foreign financial assets with an aggregate value in excess of the applicable dollar thresholds are required to report information to the IRS relating to Ordinary Shares, subject to certain exceptions (including an exception for Ordinary Shares held in accounts maintained by U.S. financial institutions), by attaching a complete IRS Form 8938 to their tax return, for each year in which they hold Ordinary Shares. Substantial penalties apply to any failure to file IRS Form 8938, unless the failure is shown to be due to reasonable cause and not willful neglect. Also, in the event a U.S. holder does not file IRS Form 8938 or fails to report a specified foreign financial asset that is required to be reported, the statute of limitations on the assessment and collection of U.S. federal income taxes of such U.S. holder for the related taxable year may not close before the date which is three years after the date on which the required information is filed. U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the effect, if any, of these rules on the ownership and disposition of Ordinary Shares.

Non-U.S. Holders

The section applies to you if you are a non-U.S. holder. For purposes of this discussion, a non-U.S. holder means a beneficial owner (other than a partnership or an entity or arrangement so characterized for U.S. federal income tax purposes) of Ordinary Shares or Warrants that is not a U.S. holder, including:

•

a nonresident alien individual, other than certain former citizens and residents of the United States;

•

a foreign corporation; or

•

a foreign estate or trust;

but generally does not include an individual who is present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of disposition. A holder that is such an individual should consult its tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the sale or other disposition of Ordinary Shares or Warrants.

Assuming that the Company is not treated as a U.S. corporation under the rules discussed above, a non-U.S. holder of Ordinary Shares will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax or, subject to the discussion below under “—Information Reporting and Backup Withholding,” U.S. federal withholding tax on any dividends received on Ordinary Shares or any gain recognized on a sale or other disposition of Ordinary Shares (including, any distribution to the extent it exceeds the adjusted basis in the non-U.S. holder’s Ordinary Shares) unless the dividend or gain is effectively connected with the non-U.S. holder’s conduct of a trade or business in the United States, and if required by an applicable tax treaty, is attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the non-U.S. holder in the United States. In addition, special rules may apply to a non-U.S. holder that is an individual present in the United States for 183 days or more during the taxable year of the sale or disposition, and certain other requirements are met. Such holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the sale or disposition of Ordinary Shares.

Dividends and gains that are effectively connected with a non-U.S. holder’s conduct of a trade or business in the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, are attributable to a permanent establishment or fixed base in the United States) generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at the same regular U.S.

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federal income tax rates applicable to a comparable U.S. holder and, in the case of a non-U.S. holder that is a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, also may be subject to an additional branch profits tax at a 30% rate or a lower applicable tax treaty rate.

The U.S. federal income tax treatment of a non-U.S. holder’s exercise of a Warrant, or the lapse of a Warrant held by a non-U.S. holder, generally will correspond to the U.S. federal income tax treatment of the exercise or lapse of a warrant by a U.S. holder, as described under “—U.S. Holders—Exercise or Lapse of a Warrant,” above, although to the extent a cashless exercise results in a taxable exchange, the consequences would be similar to those described in the preceding paragraphs above for a non-U.S. holder’s gain on the sale or other disposition of the Ordinary Shares and Warrants.

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

Information reporting requirements may apply to dividends received by U.S. holders of Ordinary Shares and the proceeds received on the disposition of Ordinary Shares effected within the United States (and, in certain cases, outside the United States), in each case other than U.S. holders that are exempt recipients (such as corporations). Backup withholding (currently at a rate of 24%) may apply to such amounts if the U.S. holder fails to provide an accurate taxpayer identification number (generally on an IRS Form W-9 provided to the paying agent of the U.S. holder’s broker) or is otherwise subject to backup withholding. U.S. holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the application of the U.S. information reporting and backup withholding rules.

Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Amounts withheld as backup withholding may be credited against the U.S. holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, and a U.S. holder may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules by timely filing the appropriate claim for a refund with the IRS and furnishing any required information.

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We are registering the resale by the Selling Securityholders from time to time of up to 573,798,878 of our Ordinary Shares, which includes (a) 6,468,750 Ordinary Shares that were exchanged for Class B common stock of CIIG in connection with the closing of the Business Combination, (b) 40,000,000 Ordinary Shares beneficially held by the Private Placement Investors which were issued upon the closing of the Business Combination, (c) 512,899,250 Ordinary Shares issued to holders of ordinary shares and preferred shares of Arrival in the Business Combination, (d) 7,175,000 Ordinary Shares that may be received upon exercise of the Private Placement Warrants and (e) 7,255,878 Ordinary Shares that may be received upon the exercise of the Options.

We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the securities by the Selling Securityholders. The aggregate proceeds to the Selling Securityholders will be the purchase price of the securities less any discounts and commissions borne by the Selling Securityholders.

The Selling Securityholders will pay any underwriting discounts and commissions and expenses incurred by the Selling Securityholders for brokerage, accounting, tax or legal services or any other expenses incurred by the Selling Securityholders in disposing of the securities. We will bear all other costs, fees and expenses incurred in effecting the registration of the securities covered by this prospectus, including, without limitation, all registration and filing fees, Nasdaq listing fees and fees and expenses of our counsel and our independent registered public accountants.

The securities beneficially owned by the Selling Securityholders covered by this prospectus may be offered and sold from time to time by the Selling Securityholders. The term “Selling Securityholders” includes donees, pledgees, transferees or other successors in interest selling securities received after the date of this prospectus from a Selling Securityholder as a gift, pledge, partnership distribution or other transfer. The Selling Securityholders will act independently of us in making decisions with respect to the timing, manner and size of each sale. Such sales may be made on one or more exchanges or in the over-the-counter market or otherwise, at prices and under terms then prevailing or at prices related to the then current market price or in negotiated transactions. Each Selling Securityholder reserves the right to accept and, together with its respective agents, to reject, any proposed purchase of securities to be made directly or through agents. The Selling Securityholders and any of their permitted transferees may sell their securities offered by this prospectus on any stock exchange, market or trading facility on which the securities are traded or in private transactions. If underwriters are used in the sale, such underwriters will acquire the shares for their own account. These sales may be at a fixed price or varying prices, which may be changed, or at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices relating to prevailing market prices or at negotiated prices. The securities may be offered to the public through underwriting syndicates represented by managing underwriters or by underwriters without a syndicate. The obligations of the underwriters to purchase the securities will be subject to certain conditions. The underwriters will be obligated to purchase all the securities offered if any of the securities are purchased.

Subject to the limitations set forth in any applicable registration rights agreement, the Selling Securityholders may use any one or more of the following methods when selling the securities offered by this prospectus:

•

purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by such broker-dealer for its own account pursuant to this prospectus;

•

ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker solicits purchasers;

•

block trades in which the broker-dealer so engaged will attempt to sell the securities as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction;

•

an over-the-counter distribution in accordance with the rules of the Nasdaq;

•

through trading plans entered into by a Selling Securityholder pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act that are in place at the time of an offering pursuant to this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement hereto that provide for periodic sales of their securities on the basis of parameters described in such trading plans;

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•

through one or more underwritten offerings on a firm commitment or best efforts basis;

•

settlement of short sales entered into after the date of this prospectus;

•

agreements with broker-dealers to sell a specified number of the securities at a stipulated price per share;

•

in “at the market” offerings, as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act, at negotiated prices, at prices prevailing at the time of sale or at prices related to such prevailing market prices, including sales made directly on a national securities exchange or sales made through a market maker other than on an exchange or other similar offerings through sales agents;

•

directly to purchasers, including through a specific bidding, auction or other process or in privately negotiated transactions;

•

through the writing or settlement of options or other hedging transactions, whether through an options exchange or otherwise;

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through a combination of any of the above methods of sale; or

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any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law.

In addition, a Selling Securityholder that is an entity may elect to make a pro rata in-kind distribution of securities to its members, partners or stockholders pursuant to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part by delivering a prospectus with a plan of distribution. Such members, partners or stockholders would thereby receive freely tradeable securities pursuant to the distribution through a registration statement. To the extent a distributee is an affiliate of ours (or to the extent otherwise required by law), we may file a prospectus supplement in order to permit the distributees to use the prospectus to resell the securities acquired in the distribution.

There can be no assurance that the Selling Securityholders will sell all or any of the securities offered by this prospectus. In addition, the Selling Securityholders may also sell securities under Rule 144 under the Securities Act, if available, or in other transactions exempt from registration, rather than under this prospectus. The Selling Securityholders have the sole and absolute discretion not to accept any purchase offer or make any sale of securities if they deem the purchase price to be unsatisfactory at any particular time.

The Selling Securityholders also may transfer the securities in other circumstances, in which case the transferees, pledgees or other successors-in-interest will be the selling beneficial owners for purposes of this prospectus. Upon being notified by a Selling Securityholder that a donee, pledgee, transferee, other successor-in-interest intends to sell our securities, we will, to the extent required, promptly file a supplement to this prospectus to name specifically such person as a selling securityholder.

With respect to a particular offering of the securities held by the Selling Securityholders, to the extent required, an accompanying prospectus supplement or, if appropriate, a post-effective amendment to the registration statement of which this prospectus is part, will be prepared and will set forth the following information:

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the specific securities to be offered and sold;

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the names of the selling securityholders;

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the respective purchase prices and public offering prices, the proceeds to be received from the sale, if any, and other material terms of the offering;

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settlement of short sales entered into after the date of this prospectus;

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the names of any participating agents, broker-dealers or underwriters; and

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any applicable commissions, discounts, concessions and other items constituting compensation from the selling securityholders.

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In connection with distributions of the securities or otherwise, the Selling Securityholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions. In connection with such transactions, broker-dealers or other financial institutions may engage in short sales of the securities in the course of hedging the positions they assume with Selling Securityholders. The Selling Securityholders may also sell the securities short and redeliver the securities to close out such short positions. The Selling Securityholders may also enter into option or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions which require the delivery to such broker-dealer or other financial institution of securities offered by this prospectus, which securities such broker-dealer or other financial institution may resell pursuant to this prospectus (as supplemented or amended to reflect such transaction). The Selling Securityholders may also pledge securities to a broker-dealer or other financial institution, and, upon a default, such broker-dealer or other financial institution, may effect sales of the pledged securities pursuant to this prospectus (as supplemented or amended to reflect such transaction).

In order to facilitate the offering of the securities, any underwriters or agents, as the case may be, involved in the offering of such securities may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of our securities. Specifically, the underwriters or agents, as the case may be, may overallot in connection with the offering, creating a short position in our securities for their own account. In addition, to cover overallotments or to stabilize the price of our securities, the underwriters or agents, as the case may be, may bid for, and purchase, such securities in the open market. Finally, in any offering of securities through a syndicate of underwriters, the underwriting syndicate may reclaim selling concessions allotted to an underwriter or a broker-dealer for distributing such securities in the offering if the syndicate repurchases previously distributed securities in transactions to cover syndicate short positions, in stabilization transactions or otherwise. Any of these activities may stabilize or maintain the market price of the securities above independent market levels. The underwriters or agents, as the case may be, are not required to engage in these activities, and may end any of these activities at any time.

The Selling Securityholders may solicit offers to purchase the securities directly from, and it may sell such securities directly to, institutional investors or others. In this case, no underwriters or agents would be involved. The terms of any of those sales, including the terms of any bidding or auction process, if utilized, will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

It is possible that one or more underwriters may make a market in our securities, but such underwriters will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. We cannot give any assurance as to the liquidity of the trading market for our securities. Our Ordinary Shares are currently listed on the Nasdaq under the symbols “ARVL.”

The Selling Securityholders may authorize underwriters, broker-dealers or agents to solicit offers by certain purchasers to purchase the securities at the public offering price set forth in the prospectus supplement pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for payment and delivery on a specified date in the future. The contracts will be subject only to those conditions set forth in the prospectus supplement, and the prospectus supplement will set forth any commissions we or the Selling Securityholders pay for solicitation of these contracts.

A Selling Securityholder may enter into derivative transactions with third parties, or sell securities not covered by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. If the applicable prospectus supplement indicates, in connection with those derivatives, the third parties may sell securities covered by this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, including in short sale transactions. If so, the third party may use securities pledged by any Selling Securityholder or borrowed from any Selling Securityholder or others to settle those sales or to close out any related open borrowings of stock, and may use securities received from any Selling Securityholder in settlement of those derivatives to close out any related open borrowings of stock. The third party in such sale transactions will be an underwriter and will be identified in the applicable prospectus supplement (or a post-effective amendment). In addition, any Selling Securityholder may otherwise loan or pledge securities to a financial institution or other third party that in turn may sell the securities short using this prospectus. Such financial institution or other third party may transfer its economic short position to investors in our securities or in connection with a concurrent offering of other securities.

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In effecting sales, broker-dealers or agents engaged by the Selling Securityholders may arrange for other broker-dealers to participate. Broker-dealers or agents may receive commissions, discounts or concessions from the Selling Securityholders in amounts to be negotiated immediately prior to the sale.

In compliance with the guidelines of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”), the aggregate maximum discount, commission, fees or other items constituting underwriting compensation to be received by any FINRA member or independent broker-dealer will not exceed 8% of the gross proceeds of any offering pursuant to this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement.

If at the time of any offering made under this prospectus a member of FINRA participating in the offering has a “conflict of interest” as defined in FINRA Rule 5121 (“Rule 5121”), that offering will be conducted in accordance with the relevant provisions of Rule 5121.

To our knowledge, there are currently no plans, arrangements or understandings between the Selling Securityholders and any broker-dealer or agent regarding the sale of the securities by the Selling Securityholders. Upon our notification by a Selling Securityholder that any material arrangement has been entered into with an underwriter or broker-dealer for the sale of securities through a block trade, special offering, exchange distribution, secondary distribution or a purchase by an underwriter or broker-dealer, we will file, if required by applicable law or regulation, a supplement to this prospectus pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act disclosing certain material information relating to such underwriter or broker-dealer and such offering.

Underwriters, broker-dealers or agents may facilitate the marketing of an offering online directly or through one of their affiliates. In those cases, prospective investors may view offering terms and a prospectus online and, depending upon the particular underwriter, broker-dealer or agent, place orders online or through their financial advisors.

In offering the securities covered by this prospectus, the Selling Securityholders and any underwriters, broker-dealers or agents who execute sales for the Selling Securityholders may be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of the Securities Act in connection with such sales. Any discounts, commissions, concessions or profit they earn on any resale of those securities may be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act.

The underwriters, broker-dealers and agents may engage in transactions with us or the Selling Securityholders, or perform services for us or the Selling Securityholders, in the ordinary course of business.

In order to comply with the securities laws of certain states, if applicable, the securities must be sold in such jurisdictions only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in certain states the securities may not be sold unless they have been registered or qualified for sale in the applicable state or an exemption from the registration or qualification requirement is available and is complied with.

The Selling Securityholders and any other persons participating in the sale or distribution of the securities will be subject to applicable provisions of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, and the rules and regulations thereunder, including, without limitation, Regulation M. These provisions may restrict certain activities of, and limit the timing of purchases and sales of any of the securities by, the Selling Securityholders or any other person, which limitations may affect the marketability of the shares of the securities.

We will make copies of this prospectus available to the Selling Securityholders for the purpose of satisfying the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act. The Selling Securityholders may indemnify any agent, broker-dealer or underwriter that participates in transactions involving the sale of the securities against certain liabilities, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act.

We have agreed to indemnify the Selling Securityholders against certain liabilities, including certain liabilities under the Securities Act, the Exchange Act or other federal or state law. Agents, broker-dealers and underwriters

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may be entitled to indemnification by us and the Selling Securityholders against certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribution with respect to payments which the agents, broker-dealers or underwriters may be required to make in respect thereof.

We have agreed with certain Selling Securityholders pursuant to the Subscription Agreements to use commercially reasonable efforts to keep the registration statement of which this prospectus constitutes a part effective until such time as (i) the securities covered by this prospectus have been disposed of pursuant to and in accordance with the registration statement, (ii) the earliest of (a) two years, (b) such time that such Selling Securityholder has disposed of such securities pursuant to Rule 144 or (c) if Rule 144(i) is no longer applicable to us or Rule 144(i)(2) is amended to remove the reporting requirement preceding a disposition of securities, such time that such holder is able to dispose of all of its, his or her registrable securities pursuant to Rule 144 without any volume limitations thereunder, (iii) when such securities have ceased to be outstanding or (iv) when such securities have been sold in a private transaction in which the transferor’s registration rights are not assigned to the transferees of such securities.

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EXPENSES RELATED TO THE OFFERING

Set forth below is an itemization of the total expenses that are expected to be incurred by us in connection with the offer and sale of Ordinary Shares by the selling securityholders. With the exception of the SEC registration fee, all amounts are estimates.


	U.S. Dollar
SEC Registration Fee	$	1,133,086
Legal Fees and Expenses		50,000
Accounting Fees and Expenses		50,000
Printing Expenses		100,000
Transfer Agent Expenses		20,000
Miscellaneous Expenses		6,914

Total	$	1,360,000

SERVICE OF PROCESS AND ENFORCEMENT OF CIVIL LIABILITIES UNDER U.S. SECURITIES LAWS

The Company is incorporated in Luxembourg and conducts a majority of its operations through its subsidiary, Arrival, outside the United States. The majority of the Company’s assets are located outside the United States. A majority of the Company’s officers reside outside the United States and a substantial portion of the assets of those persons are located outside of the United States. As a result, it could be difficult or impossible for you to bring an action against the Company or against these individuals outside of the United States in the event that you believe that your rights have been infringed under the applicable securities laws or otherwise. Even if you are successful in bringing an action of this kind, the laws outside of the United States could render you unable to enforce a judgment against the Company’s assets or the assets of the Company’s officers.

LEGAL MATTERS

The validity of the Ordinary Shares has been passed upon by Linklaters LLP, Luxembourg counsel to the Company.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements of Arrival S.à r.l. as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2019, have been included herein and in the registration statement in reliance upon the report of KPMG LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, appearing elsewhere herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing. The audit report covering the December 31, 2019 consolidated financial statements refers to a change to the method of accounting for leases as of January 1, 2019 due to the adoption of IFRS 16 Leases.

The financial statements of CIIG Merger Corp. included in this prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement have been so included in reliance upon the report of Grant Thornton LLP, independent registered public accountants, upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We are subject to the periodic reporting and other information requirements of the Exchange Act as applicable to a “foreign private issuer,” and we will file annual reports and other information from time to time with the SEC in accordance with such requirements. Our SEC filings will be available to the public on the internet at a website maintained by the SEC located at www.sec.gov.

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We also maintain an Internet website at www.arrival.com. We will make available, free of charge, the following documents as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC: our Annual Reports on Form 20-F; our reports on Form 6-K; amendments to these documents; and other information as may be required by the SEC. The information contained on, or that may be accessed through, our website is not part of, and is not incorporated into, this prospectus.

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INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


	Page
CIIG MERGER CORP.

*For the year ended December 31, 2020 and the period from September 19, 2019 (inception) through December 31, 2019*
*Audited Financial Statements*
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm		F-2
Balance Sheets		F-3
Statements of Operations		F-4
Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity		F-5
Statements of Cash Flows		F-6
Notes to Financial Statements		F-7

ARRIVAL S.À R.L.

*Unaudited Financial Statements*
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019		F-23
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019		F-24
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019		F-25
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019		F-26
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements		F-27

*Audited Financial Statements*
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm		F-34
Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018		F-35
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as of December 31, 2019 and 2018		F-36
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018		F-37
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018		F-38
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements		F-39

F-1

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Stockholders

CIIG Merger Corp.

Opinion on the financial statements

We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of CIIG Merger Corp. (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the related statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2020 and for the period from September 19, 2019 (inception) through December 31, 2019. In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2020 and for the period from September 19, 2019 (inception) through December 31, 2019, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2019.

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

February 12, 2021

F-2

CIIG MERGER CORP.

BALANCE SHEET


	December 31,
	2020			2019
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	371,149		$	1,586,330
Prepaid expenses		73,333			—

Total Current Assets		444,482			1,586,330
Cash and marketable securities held in Trust Account		259,865,172			258,890,370

Total Assets	$	260,309,654		$	260,476,700

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	5,093,599		$	90,753
Accrued offering costs		—			40,000
Income tax payable		190,408			17,500

Total Current Liabilities		5,284,007			148,253
Deferred underwriting fee payable		9,056,250			9,056,250

Total Liabilities		14,340,257			9,204,503

Commitments
Common stock subject to possible redemption, 24,025,448 and 24,620,955 shares at redemption value at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively		240,969,395			246,272,190
Stockholders’ Equity
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding		—			—
Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 1,849,552 and 1,254,045 shares issued and outstanding (excluding 24,025,448 and 24,620,955 shares subject to possible redemption) at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively		185			125
Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized; 6,468,750 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2020 and 2019		647			647
Additional paid-in capital		10,270,879			4,968,144
(Accumulated deficit) Retained earnings		(5,271,709	)		31,091

Total Stockholders’ Equity		5,000,002			5,000,007

Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$	260,309,654		$	260,476,700

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.

F-3

CIIG MERGER CORP.

STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS


	Year Ended December 31, 2020			For the Period from September 19, 2019 (Inception) Through December 31, 2019
Operating expenses	$	6,220,070		$	91,779

Loss from operations		(6,220,070	)		(91,779	)
Other income:
Interest earned on marketable securities held in Trust Account		1,107,693			140,370

(Loss) income before provision for income taxes		(5,112,377	)		48,591
Provision for income taxes		(190,423	)		(17,500	)

Net (loss) income	$	(5,302,800	)	$	31,091

Weighted average shares outstanding of Class A redeemable common stock		25,875,000			25,875,000

Basic and diluted net income per common share, Class A	$	0.03		$	0.00

Weighted average shares outstanding of Class B non-redeemable common stock		6,468,750			6,468,750

Basic and diluted net (loss) income per common share, Class B	$	(0.93	)	$	0.01

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.

F-4

CIIG MERGER CORP.

STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY


	Class A						Class B						Additional Paid-in Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Common Stock						Common Stock
	Shares			Amount			Shares			Amount
Balance — September 19, 2019 (inception)		—		$	—			—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—
Issuance of Class B common stock to Sponsor		—			—			6,468,750			647			24,353			—			25,000
Forfeiture of Class B common stock to Sponsor		—			—			(646,875	)		(65	)		65			—			—
Issuance of Class B common stock to Direct Anchor Investors		—			—			646,875			65			2,435			—			2,500
Sale of 25,875,000 Units, net of underwriting discounts and offering expenses		25,875,000			2,587			—			—			244,036,019			—			244,038,606
Sale of 7,175,000 Placement Warrants		—			—			—			—			7,175,000			—			7,175,000
Class A common stock subject to possible redemption		(24,620,955	)		(2,462	)		—			—			(246,269,728	)		—			(246,272,190	)
Net income								—			—			—			31,091			31,091

Balance — December 31, 2019		1,254,045			125			6,468,750			647			4,968,144			31,091			5,000,007
Change in value of Class A common stock subject to possible redemption		595,507			60			—			—			5,302,735			—			5,302,795
Net loss		—			—			—			—			—			(5,302,800	)		(5,302,800	)

Balance — December 31, 2020		1,849,552		$	185			6,468,750		$	647		$	10,270,879		$	(5,271,709	)	$	5,000,002

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.

F-5

CIIG MERGER CORP.

STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS


	Year Ended December 31, 2020			For the Period from September 19, 2019 (Inception) Through December 31, 2019
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net income (loss)	$	(5,302,800	)	$	31,091
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash and cash equivalents used in operating activities:
Interest earned on marketable securities held in Trust Account		(1,107,693	)		(140,370	)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Prepaid expenses		(73,333	)		—
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		5,002,846			90,753
Income taxes payable		172,908			17,500

Net cash and cash equivalents used in operating activities		(1,308,072	)		(1,026	)

Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Investment of cash in Trust Account		—			(258,750,000	)
Cash withdrawn from Trust Account to pay franchise and income taxes		132,891			—

Net cash and cash equivalents provided by (used in) investing activities		132,891			(258,750,000	)

Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Proceeds from issuance of Class B common stock to Sponsor		—			27,500
Proceeds from sale of Units, net of underwriting discounts paid		—			253,575,000
Proceeds from sale of Placement Warrants		—			7,175,000
Proceeds from promissory note — related party		—			156,000
Repayment of promissory note — related party		—			(181,000	)
Payment of offering costs		(40,000	)		(415,144	)

Net cash and cash equivalents (used in) provided by financing activities		(40,000	)		260,337,356

Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents		(1,215,181	)		1,586,330
Cash and Cash Equivalents — Beginning		1,586,330			—

Cash and Cash Equivalents — Ending	$	371,149		$	1,586,330

Supplemental cash flow information:
Cash paid for income taxes	$	29,924		$	—

Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Initial classification of Class A common stock subject to possible redemption	$	—		$	246,240,010

Change in value of Class A common stock subject to possible redemption	$	(5,302,795	)	$	32,180

Offering costs included in accrued offering costs	$	—		$	40,000

Payment of offering costs through promissory notes — related party	$	—		$	25,000

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.

F-6

CIIG MERGER CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2020

NOTE 1. DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS OPERATIONS

CIIG Merger Corp. (the “Company”) was incorporated in Delaware on September 19, 2019. The Company was formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses (the “Business Combination”).

Although the Company is not limited to a particular industry or sector for purposes of consummating a Business Combination, the Company intends to focus its search on companies in the technology, media and telecommunications industries. The Company is an early stage and emerging growth company and, as such, the Company is subject to all of the risks associated with early stage and emerging growth companies.

As of December 31, 2020, the Company had not commenced any operations. All activity through December 31, 2020 relates to the Company’s formation, the initial public offering (“Initial Public Offering”), which is described below, and identifying a target company for a Business Combination. The Company will not generate any operating revenues until after the completion of its initial Business Combination, at the earliest. The Company generates non-operating income in the form of interest income from the proceeds derived from the Initial Public Offering.

The registration statement for the Company’s Initial Public Offering was declared effective on December 12, 2019. On December 17, 2019, the Company consummated the Initial Public Offering of 25,875,000 units (the “Units” and, with respect to the shares of Class A common stock included in the Units sold, the “Public Shares”), which includes the full exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option in the amount of 3,375,000 Units, at $10.00 per Unit, generating gross proceeds of $258,750,000.

Simultaneously with the closing of the Initial Public Offering, the Company consummated the sale of 7,175,000 warrants (the “Placement Warrants”) at a price of $1.00 per Placement Warrant in a private placement to CIIG Management LLC, a Delaware Limited Liability Company (the “Sponsor”) and certain funds and accounts managed by subsidiaries of BlackRock, Inc. (the “Direct Anchor Investors” the Direct Anchor Investors, together with the Sponsor, are the “initial stockholders”), generating gross proceeds of $7,175,000, which is described in Note 4.

Transaction costs amounted to $14,711,394, consisting of $5,175,000 of underwriting fees, $9,056,250 of deferred underwriting fees and $480,144 of other offering costs.

Following the closing of the Initial Public Offering on December 17, 2019, an amount of $258,750,000 ($10.00 per Unit) from the net proceeds of the sale of the Units in the Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Placement Warrants was placed in a trust account (“Trust Account”), and invested in U.S. government securities, within the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), with a maturity of 180 days or less or in any open-ended investment company that holds itself out as a money market fund meeting the conditions of Rule 2a-7 of the Investment Company Act, as determined by the Company, as determined by the Company, until the earlier of: (i) the completion of a Business Combination and (ii) the distribution of the Trust Account, as described below.

The Company’s management has broad discretion with respect to the specific application of the net proceeds of the Initial Public Offering and the sale of Placement Warrants, although substantially all of the net proceeds are intended to be applied generally toward consummating a Business Combination. There is no assurance that the Company will be able to complete a Business Combination successfully. The Company must complete a Business Combination with one or more target businesses that together have an aggregate fair market

F-7

CIIG MERGER CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2020

value of at least 80% of the assets held in the Trust Account (excluding the deferred underwriting commissions and taxes payable on interest earned on the Trust Account) at the time of the agreement to enter into a Business Combination. The Company will only complete a Business Combination if the post-transaction company owns or acquires 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the target or otherwise acquires a controlling interest in the target sufficient for it not to be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act.

The Company will provide its holders of the outstanding Public Shares (the “public stockholders”) with the opportunity to redeem all or a portion of their Public Shares upon the completion of a Business Combination either (i) in connection with a stockholder meeting called to approve the Business Combination or (ii) by means of a tender offer. The decision as to whether the Company will seek stockholder approval of a Business Combination or conduct a tender offer will be made by the Company, solely in its discretion. The public stockholders will be entitled to redeem their Public Shares for a pro rata portion of the amount then in the Trust Account ($10.00 per Public Share, plus any pro rata interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to the Company to pay its tax obligations). The per-share amount to be distributed to public stockholders who redeem their Public Shares will not be reduced by the deferred underwriting commissions the Company will pay to the underwriters (as discussed in Note 6). There will be no redemption rights upon the completion of a Business Combination with respect to the Company’s warrants.

The Company will proceed with a Business Combination if the Company has net tangible assets of at least $5,000,001 immediately prior to or upon such consummation of a Business Combination and, if the Company seeks stockholder approval, a majority of the shares voted are voted in favor of the Business Combination. If a stockholder vote is not required by law and the Company does not decide to hold a stockholder vote for business or other legal reasons, the Company will, pursuant to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation”), conduct the redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and file tender offer documents with the SEC prior to completing a Business Combination. If, however, stockholder approval of the transactions is required by law, or the Company decides to obtain stockholder approval for business or legal reasons, the Company will offer to redeem shares in conjunction with a proxy solicitation pursuant to the proxy rules and not pursuant to the tender offer rules. If the Company seeks stockholder approval in connection with a Business Combination, the Company’s Sponsor, officers and directors have agreed to vote their Founder Shares (as defined in Note 5) and any Public Shares purchased during or after the Initial Public Offering in favor of approving a Business Combination. Additionally, each public stockholder may elect to redeem their Public Shares irrespective of whether they vote for or against the proposed transaction.

If the Company seeks stockholder approval of a Business Combination and it does not conduct redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules, the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that a public stockholder, together with any affiliate of such stockholder or any other person with whom such stockholder is acting in concert or as a “group” (as defined under Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), will be restricted from redeeming its shares with respect to more than an aggregate of 15% or more of the Public Shares, without the prior consent of the Company.

The initial stockholders have agreed (a) to waive their redemption rights with respect to any Founder Shares and Public Shares held by them in connection with the completion of a Business Combination and (b) not to propose an amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation that would affect the substance or timing of the Company’s obligation to redeem 100% of its Public Shares if the Company does not complete a Business Combination, unless the Company provides the public stockholders with the opportunity to redeem their Public Shares in conjunction with any such amendment.

F-8

CIIG MERGER CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2020

The Company will have until December 17, 2021 to complete a Business Combination (the “Combination Period”). If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the Company will (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, redeem the Public Shares, at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account including interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to the Company to pay its tax obligations (less up to $100,000 of interest to pay dissolution expenses), divided by the number of then outstanding Public Shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public stockholders’ rights as stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidating distributions, if any), subject to applicable law, and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of the Company’s remaining stockholders and the Company’s board of directors, dissolve and liquidate, subject in each case to the Company’s obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law. There will be no redemption rights or liquidating distributions with respect to the Company’s warrants, which will expire worthless if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period.

The initial stockholders have agreed to waive their liquidation rights with respect to the Founder Shares if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period. However, if the initial stockholders or any of their respective affiliates acquire Public Shares after the Initial Public Offering, such Public Shares will be entitled to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period. The underwriters have agreed to waive their rights to their deferred underwriting commission (see Note 6) held in the Trust Account in the event the Company does not complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period and, in such event, such amounts will be included with the other funds held in the Trust Account that will be available to fund the redemption of the Public Shares. In the event of such distribution, it is possible that the per share value of the assets remaining available for distribution will be less than the Initial Public Offering price per Unit ($10.00).

In order to protect the amounts held in the Trust Account, the Sponsor has agreed to be liable to the Company if and to the extent any claims by a third party for services rendered or products sold to the Company, or a prospective target business with which the Company has discussed entering into a transaction agreement, reduce the amount of funds in the Trust Account to below (i) $10.00 per Public Share or (ii) such lesser amount per Public Share held in the Trust Account as of the date of the liquidation of the Trust Account due to reductions in the value of the trust assets, in each case net of the interest which may be withdrawn to pay taxes. This liability will not apply with respect to any claims by a third party who executed a waiver of any and all rights to seek access to the Trust Account and except as to any claims under the Company’s indemnity of the underwriters of the Initial Public Offering against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). Moreover, in the event that an executed waiver is deemed to be unenforceable against a third party, the Sponsor will not be responsible to the extent of any liability for such third-party claims. The Company will seek to reduce the possibility that the Sponsor will have to indemnify the Trust Account due to claims of creditors by endeavoring to have all vendors, service providers, prospective target businesses or other entities with which the Company does business, execute agreements with the Company waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to monies held in the Trust Account.

Liquidity

As of December 31, 2020, the Company had $371,149 in its operating bank accounts, $259,865,172 in securities held in the Trust Account to be used for a Business Combination or to repurchase or redeem its common stock in connection therewith and working capital deficit of $4,026,644, which excludes prepaid income taxes and franchise and income taxes payable as the net amounts can be paid from the interest earned in the Trust

F-9

CIIG MERGER CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2020

Account. As of December 31, 2020, approximately $1,115,000 of the amount on deposit in the Trust Account represented interest income, which is available to pay the Company’s tax obligations.

Until the consummation of a Business Combination, the Company will be using the funds not held in the Trust Account for identifying and evaluating prospective acquisition candidates, performing due diligence on prospective target businesses, paying for travel expenditures, selecting the target business to acquire, and structuring, negotiating and consummating the Business Combination.

The Company will need to raise additional capital through loans or additional investments from its Sponsor, stockholders, officers, directors, or third parties. The Company’s officers, directors and Sponsor may, but are not obligated to, loan the Company funds, from time to time or at any time, in whatever amount they deem reasonable in their sole discretion, to meet the Company’s working capital needs. Accordingly, the Company may not be able to obtain additional financing. If the Company is unable to raise additional capital, it may be required to take additional measures to conserve liquidity, which could include, but not necessarily be limited to, curtailing operations, suspending the pursuit of a potential transaction, and reducing overhead expenses. The Company cannot provide any assurance that new financing will be available to it on commercially acceptable terms, if at all.

NOTE 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying financial statements are presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.

Emerging Growth Company

The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the independent registered public accounting firm attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.

Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statement with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.

F-10

CIIG MERGER CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2020

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.

Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. At December 31, 2020 cash equivalents, consisting of money market funds, amounted to $356,360. The Company did not have any cash equivalents as of December 31, 2019.

Class A Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption

The Company accounts for its Class A common stock subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 480 “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Share of Class A common stock subject to mandatory redemption is classified as a liability instrument and is measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that features redemption rights that is either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders’ equity. The Company’s Class A common stock features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, Class A common stock subject to possible redemption is presented as temporary equity, outside of the stockholders’ equity section of the Company’s balance sheets.

Offering Costs

Offering costs consist of legal, accounting, underwriting fees and other costs incurred through the balance sheet date that are directly related to the Initial Public Offering. Offering costs amounting to $14,711,394 were charged to stockholders’ equity upon the completion of the Initial Public Offering.

Income Taxes

The Company complies with the accounting and reporting requirements of ASC Topic 740 “Income Taxes,” which requires an asset and liability approach to financial accounting and reporting for income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in future taxable or deductible amounts, based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.

ASC Topic 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to

F-11

CIIG MERGER CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2020

be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. There were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position.

The Company may be subject to potential examination by federal, state and city taxing authorities in the areas of income taxes. These potential examinations may include questioning the timing and amount of deductions, the nexus of income among various tax jurisdictions and compliance with federal, state and city tax laws. The Company’s management does not expect that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will materially change over the next twelve months. The Company is subject to income tax examinations by major taxing authorities since inception.

Net Income (Loss) Per Common Share

Net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. The Company has not considered the effect of warrants sold in the Initial Public Offering and private placement to purchase 20,112,500 shares of Class A common stock in the calculation of diluted income per share, since the exercise of the warrants are contingent upon the occurrence of future events and the inclusion of such warrants would be anti-dilutive.

The Company’s statement of operations includes a presentation of income per share for common shares subject to possible redemption in a manner similar to the two-class method of income per share. Net income per common share, basic and diluted, for Class A redeemable common stock is calculated by dividing the interest income earned on the Trust Account (net of applicable franchise and income taxes of approximately $391,000 and $75,000 during the year ended December 31, 2020 and for the period from September 19, 2019 (inception) through December 31, 2019, respectively), by the weighted average number of Class A redeemable common stock outstanding since original issuance. Net income per common share, basic and diluted, for Class B non-redeemable common stock is calculated by dividing the net income, less income attributable to Class A redeemable common stock, by the weighted average number of Class B non-redeemable common stock outstanding for the period. Class B non-redeemable common stock includes the Founder Shares as these shares do not have any redemption features and do not participate in the income earned on the Trust Account.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist of cash accounts in a financial institution, which, at times may exceed the Federal depository insurance coverage of $250,000. The Company had not experienced losses on these accounts and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such accounts.

Fair Value of Financial instruments

The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurement,” approximates the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying balance sheets, primarily due to their short-term nature.

F-12

CIIG MERGER CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2020

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.

NOTE 3. INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING

Pursuant to the Initial Public Offering, the Company sold 25,875,000 Units, which includes the full exercise by the underwriters of their over-allotment option in the amount of 3,375,000 Units, at $10.00 per Unit. Each Unit consists of one share of Class A common stock and one-half of one redeemable warrant (“Public Warrant”). Each whole Public Warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of Class A common stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment (see Note 7).

NOTE 4. PRIVATE PLACEMENT

Simultaneously with the closing of the Initial Public Offering, the Sponsor and the Direct Anchor Investors purchased an aggregate of 7,175,000 Placement Warrants at a price of $1.00 per Placement Warrant, for an aggregate purchase price of $7,175,000 in a private placement. A portion of the proceeds from the Placement Warrants were added to the proceeds from the Initial Public Offering held in the Trust Account. The Placement Warrants are identical to the Public Warrants underlying the Units sold in the Initial Public Offering, except as described in Note 7. If the Company does not complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the proceeds of the sale of the Placement Warrants will be used to fund the redemption of the Public Shares (subject to the requirements of applicable law) and underlying securities will be worthless.

NOTE 5. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Founder Shares

In September 2019, the Sponsor purchased 5,750,000 shares (the “Founder Shares”) of the Company’s Class B common stock for an aggregate price of $25,000. In November 2019, the Company effected a stock dividend for 0.125 share for each Founder Share outstanding, resulting in the Sponsor holding an aggregate of 6,468,750 Founder Shares. In November 2019, the Sponsor forfeited 646,875 Founder Shares and the Direct Anchor Investors purchased 646,875 Founder Shares for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $2,500, or approximately $0.004 per share. The Founder Shares will automatically convert into Class A common stock upon consummation of a Business Combination on a one-for-one basis, subject to certain adjustments, as described in Note 7.

The Founder Shares included an aggregate of up 843,750 shares subject to forfeiture to the extent that the underwriters’ over-allotment option was not exercised in full or in part, so that the initial stockholders would own, on an as-converted basis, 20% of the Company’s issued and outstanding shares after the Initial Public Offering. As a result of the underwriters’ election to fully exercise their over-allotment option, 843,750 Founder Shares are no longer subject to forfeiture.

The initial stockholders have agreed, subject to limited exceptions, not to transfer, assign or sell any of their Founder Shares until the earlier to occur of: (A) one year after the completion of a Business Combination or (B) subsequent to a Business Combination, (x) if the last sale price of the Company’s Class A common stock equals or exceeds $12.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period commencing at least 150 days after a Business Combination, or (y) the date on which the Company completes a liquidation, merger,

F-13

CIIG MERGER CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2020

capital stock exchange, reorganization or other similar transaction that results in all of the Company’s stockholders having the right to exchange their shares of common stock for cash, securities or other property.

Administrative Support Agreement

The Company entered into an agreement, commencing on December 13, 2019 through the earlier of the Company’s consummation of a Business Combination and its liquidation, to pay an affiliate of the Sponsor a total of $10,000 per month for office space, utilities and secretarial and administrative support. For the year ended December 31, 2020 and for the period from September 19, 2019 (inception) through December 31, 2019, the Company incurred $120,000 and $10,000, respectively, in fees for these services, of which $5,806 are included in accounts payable and accrued expenses in the accompanying balance sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019.

Promissory Note – Related Party

On October 16, 2019, the Sponsor agreed to loan the Company an aggregate of up to $300,000 to cover expenses related to the Initial Public Offering (the “Promissory Note”). The Promissory Note was non-interest bearing and payable on the earlier of March 31, 2020 or the completion of the Initial Public Offering. The outstanding balance under the Promissory Note in the aggregate amount of $181,000 was repaid upon the consummation of the Initial Public Offering on December 17, 2019.

Related Party Loans

In addition, in order to finance transaction costs in connection with a Business Combination, the Sponsor or an affiliate of the Sponsor, or certain of the Company’s officers and directors may, but are not obligated to, loan the Company funds as may be required (“Working Capital Loans”). If the Company completes a Business Combination, the Company would repay the Working Capital Loans out of the proceeds of the Trust Account released to the Company. Otherwise, the Working Capital Loans would be repaid only out of funds held outside the Trust Account. In the event that a Business Combination does not close, the Company may use a portion of proceeds held outside the Trust Account to repay the Working Capital Loans but no proceeds held in the Trust Account would be used to repay the Working Capital Loans. Except for the foregoing, the terms of such Working Capital Loans, if any, have not been determined and no written agreements exist with respect to such loans. The Working Capital Loans would either be repaid upon consummation of a Business Combination, without interest, or, at the lender’s discretion, up to $1,500,000 of such Working Capital Loans may be convertible into warrants of the post Business Combination entity at a price of $1.00 per warrant. The warrants would be identical to the Placement Warrants.

NOTE 6. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Risks and Uncertainties

Management continues to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and has concluded that while it is reasonably possible that the virus could have a negative effect on the Company’s financial position, results of its operations and/or search for a target company, the specific impact is not readily determinable as of the date of these financial statements. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

F-14

CIIG MERGER CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2020

Registration Rights

The Company entered into a registration rights agreement on December 12, 2019, with respect to the Founder Shares, Placement Warrants (and their underlying shares), and warrants (and their underlying shares) that may be issued upon conversion of Working Capital Loans and the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the foregoing and upon conversion of the Founder Shares. The holders of the Founder Shares, Placement Warrants, and warrants that may be issued upon conversion of Working Capital Loans (and in each case holders of their underlying shares, as applicable) will have registration rights to require the Company to register the sale of any of the securities held by them. The holders of the majority of these securities will be entitled to make up to three demands, excluding short form registration demands, that the Company register such securities for sale under the Securities Act. In addition, these holders will have certain “piggy-back” registration rights to include their securities in other registration statements filed subsequent to the completion of a Business Combination and rights to require the Company to register for resale such securities pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act. The Company will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.

Underwriting Agreement

The underwriters were paid a cash underwriting discount of $0.20 per Unit, or $5,175,000 in the aggregate. In addition, the underwriters will be entitled to a deferred fee of $0.35 per Unit, or $9,056,250 in the aggregate. The deferred fee will become payable to the underwriters from the amounts held in the Trust Account solely in the event that the Company completes a Business Combination, subject to the terms of the underwriting agreement.

Business Combination Agreement

On November 18, 2020, the Company, Arrival S.à r.l., a limited liability company (“Arrival”), Arrival Group, a newly-formed joint stock company (“Holdco”) and ARSNL Merger Sub Inc., a newly-formed Delaware corporation (“Merger Sub”) entered into a Business Combination Agreement (the “Business Combination Agreement”), pursuant to which (i) the existing ordinary and preferred shareholders of Arrival has each concurrently entered into separate exchange agreements (the “Exchange Agreements”) to contribute their respective equity interests in Arrival to Holdco in exchange for ordinary shares of Holdco (“Holdco Ordinary Shares”) (the “Share Exchanges”) and (ii) following the Share Exchanges, the Company will merge with and into Merger Sub, with the Company surviving such merger as a direct wholly owned subsidiary of Holdco (the “Merger”) and all shares of the Company’s common stock will be exchanged for Holdco Ordinary Shares as set forth in the Business Combination Agreement. The Company and Arrival will become direct wholly-owned subsidiaries of Holdco (together with the Share Exchanges, the Merger and amongst other transactions, the “Transactions”).

The Transactions will be consummated subject to the deliverables and provisions as further described in the Business Combination Agreement.

NOTE 7. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Preferred Stock—The Company is authorized to issue 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share with such designations, voting and other rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by the Company’s board of directors. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, there were no shares of preferred stock issued or outstanding.

F-15

CIIG MERGER CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2020

Class A Common Stock—The Company is authorized to issue 100,000,000 shares of Class A common stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share. Holders of Class A common stock are entitled to one vote for each share. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, there were 1,849,552 and 1,254,045 shares of Class A common stock issued or outstanding, excluding 24,025,448 and 24,620,955 shares of Class A common stock subject to possible redemption, respectively.

Class B Common Stock—The Company is authorized to issue 10,000,000 shares of Class B common stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share. Holders of Class B common stock are entitled to one vote for each share. At December 31, 2020 and 2019, there were 6,468,750 shares of Class B common stock issued and outstanding.

Holders of Class A common stock and Class B common stock will vote together as a single class on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders, except as required by law.

The shares of Class B common stock will automatically convert into shares of Class A common stock at the time of a Business Combination on a one-for-one basis, subject to adjustment. In the case that additional shares of Class A common stock, or equity-linked securities, are issued or deemed issued in excess of the amounts offered in the Initial Public Offering and related to the closing of a Business Combination, the ratio at which shares of Class B common stock shall convert into shares of Class A common stock will be adjusted (unless the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Class B common stock agree to waive such adjustment with respect to any such issuance or deemed issuance) so that the number of shares of Class A common stock issuable upon conversion of all shares of Class B common stock will equal, in the aggregate, on an as-converted basis, 20% of the sum of the total number of all shares of common stock outstanding upon the completion of the Initial Public Offering plus all shares of Class A common stock and equity-linked securities issued or deemed issued in connection with a Business Combination (excluding any shares or equity-linked securities issued, or to be issued, to any seller in a Business Combination).

Warrants—Public Warrants may only be exercised for a whole number of shares. No fractional warrants will be issued upon separation of the Units and only whole warrants will trade. The Public Warrants will become exercisable on the later of (a) 30 days after the completion of a Business Combination or (b) 12 months from the closing of the Initial Public Offering. The Public Warrants will expire five years after the completion of a Business Combination or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.

The Company will not be obligated to deliver any shares of Class A common stock pursuant to the exercise of a warrant and will have no obligation to settle such warrant exercise unless a registration statement under the Securities Act with respect to the shares of Class A common stock underlying the warrants is then effective and a prospectus relating thereto is current, subject to the Company satisfying its obligations with respect to registration. No warrant will be exercisable and the Company will not be obligated to issue any shares of Class A common stock upon exercise of a warrant unless Class A common stock issuable upon such warrant exercise has been registered, qualified or deemed to be exempt under the securities laws of the state of residence of the registered holder of the warrants.

The Company has agreed that as soon as practicable, but in no event later than 15 business days, after the closing of a Business Combination, the Company will use its best efforts to file, and within 60 business days following a Business Combination to have declared effective, a registration statement for the registration, under the Securities Act, of the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants. The Company will use its reasonable best efforts to maintain the effectiveness of such registration statement, and a current prospectus relating thereto, until the expiration of the warrants in accordance with the provisions of the warrant

F-16

CIIG MERGER CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2020

agreement. Notwithstanding the above, if the Class A common stock is at the time of any exercise of a warrant not listed on a national securities exchange such that it satisfies the definition of a “covered security” under Section 18(b)(1) of the Securities Act, the Company may, at its option, require holders of Public Warrants who exercise their warrants to do so on a “cashless basis” in accordance with Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act and, in the event the Company so elects, the Company will not be required to file or maintain in effect a registration statement, but will be required to use its best efforts to register or qualify the shares under applicable blue sky laws to the extent an exemption is not available.

Redemptions of Warrants for Cash — Once the warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the Public Warrants:

•

in whole and not in part;

•

at a price of $0.01 per warrant;

•

upon not less than 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption to each warrant holder; and

•

if, and only if, the reported last sale price of the Company’s Class A common stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending three business days before the Company sends the notice of redemption to each warrant holder.

If and when the warrants become redeemable by the Company, the Company may exercise its redemption right even if it is unable to register or qualify the underlying securities for sale under all applicable state securities laws.

Redemption of Warrants for Shares of Class A Common Stock — Commencing ninety days after the warrants become exercisable, the Company may redeem the outstanding warrants:

•

in whole and not in part;

•

at $0.10 per warrant upon a minimum of 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption provided that holders will be able to exercise their warrants prior to redemption and receive that number of shares of Class A common stock to be determined, based on the redemption date and the fair market value of the Company’s Class A common stock;

•

if, and only if, the last reported sale price of the Company’s Class A common stock equals or exceeds $10.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) on the trading day prior to the date on which the Company sends the notice of redemption to the warrant holders;

•

if, and only if, the Placement Warrants are also concurrently exchanged at the same price (equal to a number of shares of the Company’s Class A common stock) as the Company’s outstanding Public Warrants, as described above; and

•

if, and only if, there is an effective registration statement covering the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants and a current prospectus relating thereto is available throughout the 30-day period after the written notice of redemption is given.

If the Company calls the Public Warrants for redemption for cash, management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise the Public Warrants to do so on a “cashless basis,” as described in the warrant agreement. The exercise price and number of shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a stock dividend, or recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, the warrants will not be adjusted for issuance of Class A common stock at a price below its exercise price. Additionally, in no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the warrants. If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period and the Company liquidates the funds held in the Trust Account, holders of warrants will not

F-17

CIIG MERGER CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2020

receive any of such funds with respect to their warrants, nor will they receive any distribution from the Company’s assets held outside of the Trust Account with the respect to such warrants. Accordingly, the warrants may expire worthless.

In addition, if (x) the Company issues additional shares of Class A common stock or equity-linked securities for capital raising purposes in connection with the closing of a Business Combination at an issue price or effective issue price of less than $9.20 per share (with such issue price or effective issue price to be determined in good faith by the Company’s board of directors, and in the case of any such issuance to the Sponsor, initial stockholders or their affiliates, without taking into account any Founder Shares held by them prior to such issuance) (the “Newly Issued Price”), (y) the aggregate gross proceeds from such issuances represent more than 60% of the total equity proceeds, and interest thereon, available for the funding of a Business Combination on the date of the consummation of a Business Combination (net of redemptions), and (z) the volume weighted average trading price of the Company’s ordinary shares during the 20 trading day period starting on the trading day prior to the day on which the Company consummates a Business Combination (such price, the “Market Value”) is below $9.20 per share, the exercise price of each warrant will be adjusted (to the nearest cent) to be equal to 115% of the higher of (i) the Market Value and (ii) the Newly Issued Price, and the $18.00 per share redemption trigger price described above will be adjusted to be equal to 180% of the higher of (i) the Market Value and (ii) the Newly Issued Price.

The Placement Warrants are identical to the Public Warrants underlying the Units sold in the Initial Public Offering, except that the Placement Warrants and the Class A common stock issuable upon the exercise of the Placement Warrants will not be transferable, assignable or salable until 30 days after the completion of a Business Combination, subject to certain limited exceptions. Additionally, the Placement Warrants will be exercisable on a cashless basis and be non-redeemable so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees. If the Placement Warrants are held by someone other than the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, the Placement Warrants will be redeemable by the Company and exercisable by such holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants.

NOTE 8. INCOME TAX

The Company’s net deferred tax asset at December 31, 2020 and 2019 is as follows:


	December 31, 2020			December 31, 2019
Deferred tax assets
Startup/Organization Expenses	$	1,271,319		$	7,296
Total deferred tax assets		1,271,319			7,296
Valuation Allowance		(1,271,319	)		(7,296	)

Deferred tax asset, net of allowance	$	—		$	—

The income tax provision for the year ended December 31, 2020 and for the period from September 19, 2019 (inception) through December 31, 2019 consists of the following:


	December 31, 2020			December 31, 2019
Federal
Current	$	190,423		$	17,500
Deferred		(1,264,023	)		(7,296	)

F-18

CIIG MERGER CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2020


	December 31, 2020		December 31, 2019
State and Local
Current	$	—	$	—
Deferred		—		—
Change in valuation allowance		1,264,023		7,296

Income tax provision	$	190,423	$	17,500

As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the Company did not have any U.S. federal and state net operating loss carryovers available to offset future taxable income.

In assessing the realization of the deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion of all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which temporary differences representing net future deductible amounts become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, projected future taxable income and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. After consideration of all of the information available, management believes that significant uncertainty exists with respect to future realization of the deferred tax assets and has therefore established a full valuation allowance. For the year ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, the change in the valuation allowance was $1,264,023 and $7,296, respectively.

A reconciliation of the federal income tax rate to the Company’s effective tax rate at December 31, 2020 and 2019 is as follows:


	December 31, 2020			December 31, 2019
Statutory federal income tax rate		21.0	%		21.0	%
State taxes, net of federal tax benefit		0.0	%		0.0	%
Change in valuation allowance		(24.7	)%		15.0	%

Income tax provision		(3.7	)%		36.0	%

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction in various state and local jurisdictions and is subject to examination by the various taxing authorities. The Company’s tax returns since inception remain open and subject to examination.

NOTE 9. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company classifies its U. S. Treasury and equivalent securities as held-to-maturity in accordance with ASC 320 “Investments—Debt and Equity Securities.” Held-to-maturity securities are those securities which the Company has the ability and intent to hold until maturity. Held-to-maturity treasury securities are recorded at amortized cost on the accompanying balance sheets and adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts.

At December 31, 2020, assets held in the Trust Account were comprised of $1,160 in cash and $259,864,012 in U.S. Treasury Bills. At December 31, 2019, assets held in the Trust Account were comprised of $388 in cash and $258,889,982 in U.S. Treasury Bills. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company withdrew $132,891 of interest earned on the Trust Account to pay for its franchise and income taxes.

F-19

CIIG MERGER CORP.

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2020

The Company classifies its U. S. Treasury and equivalent securities as held-to-maturity in accordance with ASC 320 “Investments—Debt and Equity Securities.” Held-to-maturity securities are those securities which the Company has the intent to hold until maturity. Held-to-maturity treasury securities are recorded at amortized cost on the accompanying balance sheets and adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts.

The gross holding losses and fair value of held-to-maturity securities at December 31, 2020 and 2019 are as follows:


	Held-To-Maturity	Amortized Cost		Gross Holding (Loss) Gains		Fair Value
December 31, 2020	U.S. Treasury Securities (Mature on 2/18/2021)	$	259,864,012	$	197	$	259,864,209

December 31, 2019	U.S. Treasury Securities (Matured on 3/19/2020)	$	258,889,982	$	29,633	$	258,919,615

The fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities reflects management’s estimate of amounts that the Company would have received in connection with the sale of the assets or paid in connection with the transfer of the liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In connection with measuring the fair value of its assets and liabilities, the Company seeks to maximize the use of observable inputs (market data obtained from independent sources) and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs (internal assumptions about how market participants would price assets and liabilities). The following fair value hierarchy is used to classify assets and liabilities based on the observable inputs and unobservable inputs used in order to value the assets and liabilities:


Level 1:		Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. An active market for an asset or liability is a market in which transactions for the asset or liability occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.

Level 2:		Observable inputs other than Level 1 inputs. Examples of Level 2 inputs include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities and quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.

Level 3:		Unobservable inputs based on our assessment of the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.

NOTE 10. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

The Company evaluated subsequent events and transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date up to the date that the financial statements were issued. Based upon this review, the Company did not identify any subsequent events that would have required adjustment or disclosure in the financial statements.

F-20

Arrival S.à r.l.

Condensed Unaudited Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

For the period ended June 30, 2020

F-21

Condensed Unaudited Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

For the period ended June 30, 2020

C O N T E N T S


	Page

Condensed unaudited consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income		F-23

Condensed unaudited consolidated statement of financial position		F-24

Condensed unaudited consolidated statement of changes in equity		F-25

Condensed unaudited consolidated statement of cash flows		F-26

Notes to the condensed unaudited consolidated interim financial statements		F-27-33

F-22

Arrival S.à r.l.

Condensed unaudited consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income

For the six months ended June 30


In thousands of euro		2020			2019
	Note
*Continuing Operations*

Administrative expenses			(24,159	)		(11,567	)
Research and development expenses			(4,723	)		(3,705	)
Impairment expense			(34	)		(2,131	)
Other income	4		804			—
Other expenses			(12	)		(113	)

Operating loss			(28,124	)		(17,516	)


Finance income	12		1,337			2
Finance expense	12		(2,551	)		(1,003	)

Net Finance expense			(1,214	)		(1,001	)


Loss before tax			(29,338	)		(18,517	)
Tax income	10		4,873			2,882

Loss for the period			(24,465	)		(15,635	)


Attributable to:
- Owners of the Company			(24,465	)		(15,635	)

Earnings per share (presented in euro)
Basic earnings per share			(0.03	)		(0.02	)
Diluted earnings per share			(0.03	)		(0.02	)

Consolidated Statement of other comprehensive income


Loss for the period		(24,465	)	(15,635	)

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss
Exchange differences on translating foreign operations	8C	(10,752	)	(709	)

Total comprehensive loss		(35,217	)	16,344


Total comprehensive loss for the period		(35,217	)	(16,344	)


Attributable to:
- Owners of the Company		(35,217	)	(16,344	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed unaudited consolidated interim financial statements

F-23

Arrival S.à r.l.

Condensed unaudited consolidated statement of financial position


In thousands of euro		June 30, 2020			December 31, 2019
ASSETS
Non-Current Assets	Note
Property, plant and equipment	4		43,361			34,947
Intangible assets and goodwill	5		113,064			84,250
Deferred tax asset			334			159
Trade and other receivables			8,248			8,209

Total Non-Current Assets			165,007			127,565


Current Assets
Inventory	7		10,754			5,716
Trade and other receivables	6		5,797			8,509
Prepayments			4,149			4,733
Cash and cash equivalents			29,768			96,644

Total Current Assets			50,468			115,602


TOTAL ASSETS			215,475			243,167

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Capital and reserves
Share capital	8A		228,067			227,333
Share premium	8B		149,018			139,752
Other reserves	8C		(3,717	)		7,035
Accumulated deficit			(199,365	)		(174,875	)

Total Equity			174,003			199,245


Non-Current Liabilities
Lease liabilities	9		22,846			19,943

Total Non-Current Liabilities			22,846			19,943


Current Liabilities
Current tax liabilities			57			124
Lease liabilities	9		4,508			3,045
Trade and other payables	11		14,061			20,810

Total Current Liabilities			18,626			23,979


TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES			215,475			243,167

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed unaudited consolidated interim financial statements

F-24

Arrival S.à r.l.

Condensed unaudited consolidated statement of changes in equity

For the six months ended June 30


In thousands of euro	Note	Share capital		Share premium		Accumulated deficit			Other reserve*			Total equity

Balance at January 1, 2020			227,333		139,752		(174,875	)		7,035			199,245
Loss for the period			—				(24,465	)		—			(24,465	)
Other comprehensive income			—		—		—			(10,752	)		(10,752	)

Transactions with shareholders			227,333		139,752		(199,340	)		(3,717	)		164,028
Capital increase	8		734		9,266		—			—			10,000
Business combination under common control			—		—		(25	)		—			(25	)

Balance at June 30, 2020			228,067		149,018		(199,365	)		(3,717	)		174,003


Unadjusted balance at January 1, 2019			16		116,160		(68,361	)		2,141			49,956
Changes in accounting policy to reflect IFRS 16			—		—		(475	)		—			(475	)

Balance at January 1, 2019			16		116,160		(68,836	)		2,141			49,481
Loss for the period			—		—		(15,635	)		—			(15,635	)
Other comprehensive income			—		—		—			(709	)		(709	)

Transactions with shareholders			16		116,160		(84,471	)		1,432			33,137
Capital increase	8		—		35,021		—			—			35,021
Business combination under common control			—		—		(206	)		—			(206	)

Balance at June 30, 2019			16		151,181		(84,677	)		1,432			67,952

*	Other reserves comprise of translation reserves which are not distributable.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed unaudited consolidated interim financial statements

F-25

Arrival S.à r.l.

Condensed unaudited consolidated Statement of cash flows

For the six months ended June 30


In thousands of euro		2020			2019
	Note
Operating activities
Profit/(loss) for the period			(24,465	)		(15,635	)
Adjustments for:
- Depreciation/Amortization			3,610			1,751
- Impairment losses			37			2,136
- Net foreign exchange differences			(304	)		(58	)
- Net finance income			2,396			860
- Profit on disposal of fixed assets			(87	)		1
- Deferred taxes			(181	)		(38	)
- Tax expense			(4,692	)		(2,415	)

Cash flows used in operations before working capital changes			(23,686	)		(13,398	)
Decrease in trade and other receivables			2,001			592
(Decrease)/increase in trade and other payables			(6,562	)		455
Increase of inventory			(5,562	)		(2,961	)

Cash flows used in operations			(33,809	)		(15,312	)
Income tax and other taxes received	10		4,929			2,459
Interest received			(8	)		2

Net cash used in operating activities			(28,888	)		(12,851	)

Cash flows from investing activities
Acquisition of intangible assets and goodwill	5		(35,647	)		(14,811	)
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment	4		(8,698	)		(2,639	)
Loans granted			—			(667	)
Cash received from entities acquired under common control			—			82
Acquisition of subsidiaries under common control			(25	)		(5	)
Proceeds from the sale of intangible and tangible fixed assets			6			—

Net cash used in investing activities			(44,364	)		(18,040	)

Cash flows from financing activities
Issuance of Preference A shares	8		10,000			—
Contribution of Kinetik S.à r.l. to the share premium of the Company without the issuance of any shares						35,021
Repayment of interest on lease liabilities	12		(3,229	)		(1,077	)

Net cash from financing activities			6,771			33,944

Net increase/decrease in cash and cash equivalents			(66,481	)		3,053
Cash and cash equivalents at January 1			96,644			1,053
Effects of movements in exchange rates on cash held			(395	)		(51	)

Cash and cash equivalents at June 30			29,768			4,055

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed unaudited consolidated interim financial statements

F-26

Arrival S.à r.l.

Notes to the condensed unaudited consolidated interim financial statements

For the six months ended June 30, 2020

1. INCORPORATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES

General

Arrival S.à r.l. (the “Company”) was incorporated in Luxembourg on October 15, 2015 as a Société à responsabilité limitée. The Company has its registered address at 1, rue Peternelchen, L-2370 Howald, Luxembourg and is registered at the Luxembourg Commercial Register under number R.C.S Luxembourg n° 200789.

These condensed unaudited consolidated interim financial statements as at and for the six months ended June 30, 2020 comprise the Company and its subsidiaries (together referred to as the “Group”). The Group’s principal activity is research & development (“R&D”) and design of robotics, electric vehicles including trucks, buses and other commercial vehicles with autonomous features and production of such vehicles.

The Company is a subsidiary of Kinetik S.à r.l., a company with a registered address at 1, rue Peternelchen, L-2370 Howald, Luxembourg and is registered at the Luxembourg Commercial Register under number R.C.S Luxembourg n° 191311, which is the majority shareholder of the Group.

2. BASIS OF PREPARATION

These condensed unaudited consolidated interim financial statements for the six months ended June 30, 2020 have been prepared in accordance with IAS 34 Interim Financial Reporting as issued by the IASB, and should be read in conjunction with the Group’s last annual consolidated financial statements as at and for year ended December 31, 2019 (“last annual financial statements”). They do not include all of the information required for a complete set of financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS Standards. However selected explanatory notes are included to explain events and transactions that are significant to an understanding of the changes in the Group’s consolidated financial position and consolidated performance since the last annual financial statements.

These condensed unaudited consolidated interim financial statements were authorized for issue by the Board of Managers on December 14, 2020.

These condensed unaudited consolidated interim financial statements are presented in euro (EUR) which is the functional currency of the Company, rounded off to the nearest thousand, unless otherwise stated.

3. USE OF JUDGEMENTS AND ESTIMATES

In preparing these condensed unaudited consolidated interim financial statements, management has made judgements and estimates that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The significant judgments made by management in applying the Group’s accounting policies and key sources of estimation uncertainty are as follows:

Impairment testing

The assumptions used in the impairment test represent management’s best estimate for the period under consideration. The estimate of the recoverable amount, for purposes of performing the annual impairment test for the research and development cash generating unit (“CGU”), was determined using a value-in-use model for the year ended December 31, 2019 and was based on the following assumptions: 1) the expected

F-27

Arrival S.à r.l.

Notes to the condensed unaudited consolidated interim financial statements

For the six months ended June 30, 2020

3. USE OF JUDGEMENTS AND ESTIMATES (continued)

future cash flows based on the current economic conditions and market trends for the years 2020 to 2025 and 2) the increase of number of vehicles that will sold in the following years. The increase is calculated on management’s projections of the associated Arrival business for the period 2020 to 2024, discounted back to June 30, 2020.

The average estimate for the warranty is 3% of forecasted sales. Management is closely monitoring the cost of production to be sure that is maintained within the estimated budgets.

Research & Development

Management is using its judgement to determine when a project has reached the development phase. Management estimates the cost to completion and calculates the potential future cash flows that will derive in order to determine if the project is economically viable. If the conditions are met and it is believed that there is a market for the product under development, then all the costs relating to the project are capitalised.

4. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPEMENT

During the six months ended June 30, 2020, the Group has entered into four new leases and has cancelled one lease. Under IFRS 16, the Right of Use of assets is being recognised in the property plant and equipment (the “PPE”). The lease that was cancelled, has been fully derecognised from the PPE and the gain from this cancellation has been recognised in the condensed unaudited consolidated statement of profit or loss. The gain from the cancelation of the lease amounted to EUR 95, and it is included in the other operating income. The net movement of new leases and cancellation of leases for the six months ended June 30, 2020 amounted to EUR 6,725 (see note 9).

In addition, the Group has invested EUR 2,438 in reconstruction works for one of the London offices, in order to construct the technology validation centre. Furthermore, the Group has acquired equipment from Roborace Inc amounting to EUR 1,903.

The total depreciation recognised in the condensed unaudited consolidated statement of profit or loss for the six months ended period June 30, 2020 in relation to PPE was EUR 3,198.

As most assets of the Group are located in UK, the EUR value has been affected by the significant fluctuation of the Bristish Pound (“GBP”) towards EUR. The foreign exchange impact on the PPE amounted to EUR 2,468.

5. INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL

The main increase in intangible assets is due to the capitalisation of the development cost that is incurred by the Group. The development cost is capitalised as intangible assets under the category of Assets under construction. Assets under construction include all cost of projects that are intangible assets under development. These development assets include design of electric vehicles, such as buses and vans as well as supporting operating systems and other software assets. Assets under construction are tested for impairment each quarter. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, no impairment has been recognised for intangible assets.

As described in note 8B, the Group has acquired Arrival M Ltd on April 11, 2019 within a business combination under common control. The intangible assets that have been recognized in the consolidated financial statements of the Group in 2019 following this transaction amounted to EUR 2,402.

As mentioned in note 4, the fluctuation of the foreign currencies against EUR had a significant impact on the intangible assets. The total foreign exchange impact on intangibles amounted to EUR 7,786.

F-28

Arrival S.à r.l.

Notes to the condensed unaudited consolidated interim financial statements

For the six months ended June 30, 2020

6. TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

For the six months ended June 30, 2020 various amounts that were due as of December 31, 2019, have been received reducing the current trade receivables and other receivables from EUR 8,509 to EUR 5,797.

7. INVENTORY

As the Group is anticipated to start production before year-end various inventory materials have been purchased.

8. CAPITAL AND RESERVES

A. Share capital and share premium

On January 29, 2020, the board of managers resolved to issue 2,933,334 new Preferred A Shares with a nominal value EUR 0.25 each and with an aggregate share premium of EUR 9,266,666.50 so as to raise the share capital of the Company from EUR 227,333,335.25 to EUR 228,066,668.75.

On the same date, these shares were subscribed by United Parcel Service General Services Co. (“UPS”) for a total subscription price of EUR 10,000,000.00 with an additional condition on Arrival S.à r.l. and UPS to enter into the further binding agreement for the provision of a further at least 10,000 electric vehicles (in addition to the electric vehicles which are the subject of a commercial agreement entered between the parties).

B. Retained earnings

On April 1, 2020, the Company acquired Arrival Solutions Germany GmbH (previously named. Cybernation Germany GmbH). As per IFRS 3, the entity has been consolidated in the current condensed unaudited consolidated interim financial statements as business combination of entities under common control. As a result of this business combination, an amount of EUR 25 was recognized in the retained earnings. On April 11, 2019, the Company acquired Arrival M Ltd (previously named Cybernation Ltd). As a result of this business combination, an amount of EUR 206 was recognized in the retained earnings. The impact of the Arrival M Ltd transaction on intangible assets is also described separately in note 5. The acquisition of Arrival Solution Germany GmbH had no impact on the tangible and intangible assets.

C. OCI accumulated in reserves, net of tax

The amount recognised in other comprehensive income relates to foreign exchange differences that the Group has incurred, mainly due to the fluctuation of the GBP towards EUR. Since the beginning of the year, the GBP/EUR exchange rate has decreased by approximately 7%.

9. LEASE LIABILITIES


In thousands of euro	Currency		Weighted average of incremental borrowing rate			Contractual cash-flows		Carrying amount
January 1, 2020									22,988
*New issues*
New leases		EUR		16.98	%		289		239
New leases		ISR		18.49	%		1,082		624
New leases		GBP		17.96	%		17,251		6,045

F-29

Arrival S.à r.l.

Notes to the condensed unaudited consolidated interim financial statements

For the six months ended June 30, 2020

9. LEASE LIABILITIES (continued)


In thousands of euro	Currency		Weighted average of incremental borrowing rate			Contractual cash-flows			Carrying amount

*Repayments*
Repayments		Multicurrency					(842	)		(842	)

*Other movements*
Cancelation of lease		GBP		18.31	%		(150	)		(183	)
Foreign exchange impact		Multicurrency								(1,517	)

June 30, 2020										27,354

The leased buildings are offices and industrial buildings used for the development and production of our products.

10. INCOME TAX EXPENSE

In 2020, the Group has received from the UK Tax authorities an R&D tax relief amount of EUR 5,137. This tax relief is provided by the UK government to support UK entities that work on innovative projects in science and technology. The tax relief received relates to the losses of 2017, 2018 and 2019.

11. TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES

For the six months ended June 30, 2020, various amounts that were due as of December 31, 2019, have been paid reducing the trade and other payables from EUR 20,810 to EUR 14,061.

12. FINANCE INCOME/EXPENSE

Financial income mainly relates to the foreign exchange differences that have been created due to the fluctuation of the rate between EUR and the various other currencies that the Group is using for its operations.

Financial expense is mainly composed of the lease interest which amounts to EUR 2,387.

13. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The Group’s related parties include its ultimate parent company Kinetik S.à r.l., key management personnel and any subsidiaries or entities under significant influence of Kinetik S.à r.l.. Transactions between Group entities which have been eliminated on consolidation are not disclosed.

The following transactions were carried out with related parties:


In thousands of euro	Transactions for the six months ended				Balance outstanding
Related party	June 30, 2020		June 30, 2019		June 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Arrival Management Systems LLC		125		—		—		(53	)
Arrival Solutions LLC		26		3		—		(26	)

F-30

Arrival S.à r.l.

Notes to the condensed unaudited consolidated interim financial statements

For the six months ended June 30, 2020

13. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (continued)


In thousands of euro	Transactions for the six months ended					Balance outstanding
Related party	June 30, 2020		June 30, 2019			June 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Shishkov Rodion		77		1			—		64
Roborace Ltd		—		—			980		1,051
Roborace Inc		2,211		—			473		2,684
Kinetik S.à r.l.		—		(35,021	)		—		—
K Cybernation S.à r.l.		—		(3,297	)		—		—
Teleksir LLC		—		85			—		—
Smart Space LLC		—		356			—		—
Experiment X Ltd		—		79			—		—
Happy Electron Ltd		—		151			—		—

The related party transactions relate mainly to acquisition of fixed assets and consulting services.

14. CONTINGENCIES

The Group has no contingent liabilities.

15. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

•

On October 8, 2020, Kinetik S.à r.l. contributed 50,000,000 ordinary shares of Arrival S.à r.l. with a nominal value of EUR 0.25 each in Arrival S.à r.l. with a contribution value of EUR 170,454,500.00 into a special equity reserve account of Arrival S.à r.l..

•

On October 8, 2020, Arrival S.à r.l. adopted the Arrival Restricted Share Plan 2020 (“RSP 2020”) under which awards may be made, comprising the acquisition of ordinary shares in the capital of Arrival S.à r.l. by employees or other eligible persons under and subject to the terms of the RSP 2020 and the restricted share agreement to be entered from time to time, with the shares held in their name or on their behalf by a nominee. On the same date, Arrival S.à r.l. and Computershare Trustees (Jersey) Limited entered into a nominee agreement dated October 8, 2020 under which Computershare Trustees (Jersey) Limited, acting as nominee, shall hold legal title to the shares on behalf of the participant, on and subject to the rules of the RSP 2020 and the terms of the restricted share agreement.

•

Between October 9, 2020 and October 12, 2020, Arrival S.à r.l. entered into multiple restricted share agreements with RSP 2020 participants and made awards comprising the acquisition of 12,491,723 ordinary shares in the capital of Arrival S.à r.l. for an aggregate purchase price of EUR 42,585,408.29 payable by the participants.

•

On October 12, 2020, during the Extraordinary General Meeting of Arrival S.à r.l., it was resolved to issue 11,481,274 new Preferred A Shares with a nominal value EUR 0.25 each and with an aggregate share premium of EUR 36,270,377.88 and 17,998,734 new Preferred A Shares with a nominal value EUR 0.25 each and with an aggregate share premium of EUR 56,859,620.60. At the same date, these shares were subscribed by twelve BlackRock Funds (“BlackRock”) for a total subscription price of EUR 100,500,000.48.

F-31

Arrival S.à r.l.

Notes to the condensed unaudited consolidated interim financial statements

For the six months ended June 30, 2020

15. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS (continued)

•

On October 12, 2020, during the Extraordinary General Meeting of Arrival S.à r.l., it was resolved to issue 14,666,671 new Preferred A Shares with a nominal value EUR 0.25 each and with an aggregate share premium of EUR 46,333,333.69. At the same date, these shares were subscribed by WCPF II Holdings Limited (“Winter Capital”) for a total subscription price of EUR 50,000,001.44.

•

During October 2020, Arrival Group entities entered into multiple loan agreements with the RSP 2020 participants and provided (a) interest free 12-month loans in an aggregate amount of EUR 38,732,475.21, (b) 10-year loans with an annual interest rate of 1.12% in an aggregate amount of EUR 2,451,139.12 and (c) 10-year loans with an annual interest rate of 1.50% in an aggregate amount of EUR 1,401,793.96 to the RSP 2020 participants to finance the purchase of ordinary shares in Arrival S.à r.l. as part of the participation in RSP 2020 and under the terms of the restricted share agreement made between the RSP 2020 participants and Arrival S.à r.l..

•

On October 13, 2020, Arrival S.à r.l. entered into the Share Transfer Agreement with Computershare Trustees (Jersey) Limited and transferred 12,491,723 of its own ordinary shares, having a nominal value of EUR 0.25 each, to Computershare Trustees (Jersey) Limited in accordance with the restricted share agreements and the nominee agreement.

•

On October 26, 2020, Arrival S.à r.l. entered into the Arrival Share Option Plan 2020 Option Deed. By this Option Deed, each of the SOP 2020 participants were granted options under the Arrival Option Plan 2020 (“SOP 2020”) over an aggregate of 26,899,662 shares with an option price per share of EUR 3.40909. The share options have the following vesting conditions: 50% of share options granted vest on the first anniversary of the participant’s start date, 25% of the share options vest subject to a production rate milestone and 25% of the share options vest subject to the contribution milestone.

•

On October 27, 2020, Arrival Group S.A. was incorporated with the share capital set at EUR 30,000.00 divided into 300,000 shares with a nominal value of EUR 0.10 each which were subscribed by Arrival S.à r.l.. The authorised share capital or Arrival Group S.A. is set at EUR 270,000,000.00 divided into 2,700,000,000 shares with a nominal value of EUR 0.10 each.

•

On November 18, 2020, all shareholders of Arrival S.à r.l. entered into Contribution and Exchange Agreements, pursuant to which they agree to exchange their shares in Arrival S.à r.l. to Arrival Group S.A. at a future date.

•

The Company announced on November 18, 2020 that it is set to merge with CIIG Merger Corp. The Group value at that time was estimated at USD 5,4B and it is anticipated that the Group will raise USD 660 million (approximately EUR 556 million) from new investors.

•

During 2020, the Group has entered 7 new leases. The duration of these leases varies from 2 to 14 years. In addition, the Group has cancelled one lease contract.

•

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and the measures adopted by governments in countries worldwide to mitigate the pandemic’s spread have not materially impacted the Group. Pursuant to the advice of experts, Arrival Group has taken certain precautions with the aim of protecting its employees while also ensuring that its projects and operations are still on track. In addition, the Group is working to enforce and comply with guidance issued by relevant governments.

F-32

Arrival S.à r.l.

Notes to the condensed unaudited consolidated interim financial statements

For the six months ended June 30, 2020

16. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The accounting policies applied in these condensed unaudited consolidated interim financial statements are the same as those applied in the Group’s consolidated financial statements as at and for the year ended December 31, 2019, with an exemption, the adoption of the new standards that have become effective as from January 1, 2020 (see note 17).

17. ADOPTION OF NEW AND REVISED INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS

The following Standards, Amendments to Standards and Interpretations have been issued and adopted by the Group as of January 1, 2020:


Effective date		New standards or amendments
January 1, 2020		Amendments to References to Conceptual Framework in IFRS Standards
		IFRS 3 – Definition of a Business
		IAS 1 and IAS 8 – Definition of Material
		IFRS 9, IAS 39 and IFRS 7 – Interest rate benchmark Reform
June 1, 2020		Amendments to IFRS 16 Leases Covid 19-Related Rent Concessions

The new standards and the amendments listed above did not have any impact on the amounts recognised in prior periods as the Group did not have any transactions which required the application of these standards.

The following Standards, Amendments to Standards and Interpretations have been issued but are not effective for the six months ended June 30, 2020:


Effective date		Forthcoming requirements
January 1, 2022		IAS 1 – Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-Current
Available for optional adoption/effective date deferred indefinitely		IFRS 10 and IAS 28—Sale or Contribution of Assets between Investor and its Associate or Join Venture

The above-mentioned new standards, amendments and interpretations are not expected to have a significant impact on the consolidated financial statements.

F-33

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors

Arrival S.à r.l

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statement of financial position of Arrival S.à r.l and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, the related consolidated statements of profits or loss and other comprehensive income, changes in equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2019 and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2019, in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

Change in Accounting Principle

As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has changed its method of accounting for leases as of January 1, 2019 due to the adoption IFRS 16 Leases.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ KPMG LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2020.

London, United Kingdom

December 14, 2020

F-34

Arrival S.à r.l.

Consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018


In thousands of euro			2019			2018
	Note
*Continuing Operations*
Administrative expenses		19C		(31,392	)		(16,769	)
Research and development expenses		19C		(11,149	)		(6,219	)
Impairment expense		19C		(4,972	)		(9,347	)
Other income		19A		2,583			1,167
Other expenses		19B		(6,911	)		(13	)

Operating loss				(51,841	)		(31,181	)

Financial income		20		51			140
Financial expense		20		(3,235	)		(99	)

Net finance (expense)/income				(3,184	)		41

Loss before tax				(55,025	)		(31,140	)
Tax income		16A		6,929			951

Loss for the year				(48,096	)		(30,189	)

Attributable to:
— Owners of the Company				(48,096	)		(30,189	)
Earnings per share (presented in euro)		13
Basic earnings per share				(0.05	)		(0.03	)
Diluted earnings per share				(0.05	)		(0.03	)

Consolidated Statement of other comprehensive income

Loss for the year				(48,096	)		(30,189	)


Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss
Exchange differences on translating foreign operations		12C		4,894			(554	)

Total comprehensive loss				4,894			(554	)


Total comprehensive loss for the year				(43,202	)		(30,743	)

Attributable to:
— Owners of the Company				(43,202	)		(30,743	)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements

F-35

Arrival S.à r.l.

Consolidated statement of financial position

As at December 31, 2019 and 2018


In thousands of euro		2019			2018
ASSETS
Non-Current Assets	Note
Property, plant and equipment	7		34,947			7,972
Intangible assets and goodwill	8		84,250			34,561
Deferred tax asset	16B		159			93
Trade and other receivables	9A		8,209			6,293

Total Non-Current Assets			127,565			48,919

Current Assets
Inventory	10		5,716			2,090
Trade and other receivables	9B		8,509			2,787
Prepayments			4,733			1,475
Cash and cash equivalents	11		96,644			1,053

Total Current Assets			115,602			7,405

TOTAL ASSETS			243,167			56,324

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES
Capital and reserves
Share capital	12A		227,333			16
Share premium	12B		139,752			116,160
Other reserves	12C		7,035			2,141
Accumulated deficit			(174,875	)		(68,361	)

Total Equity			199,245			49,956

Non-Current Liabilities
Lease liabilities	15		19,943			—

Total Non-Current Liabilities			19,943			—

Current Liabilities
Current tax liabilities			124			37
Lease liabilities	15		3,045			—
Trade and other payables	17		20,810			6,331

Total Current Liabilities			23,979			6,368

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES			243,167			56,324

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements

F-36

Arrival S.à r.l.

Consolidated statement of changes in equity

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018


In thousands of euro	Note		Share capital		Share premium			Accumulated deficit			Other reserves*			Total equity
Unadjusted balance at January 1, 2019				16		116,160			(68,361	)		2,141			49,956
Changes in accounting policy to reflect IFRS 16				—		—			(475	)		—			(475	)

Balance at January 1, 2019				16		116,160			(68,836	)		2,141			49,481
Loss for the year				—		—			(48,096	)					(48,096	)
Other comprehensive income				—		—			—			4,894			4,894

Transactions with shareholders				16		116,160			(116,932	)		7,035			6,279
Capital increase		12		7,333		243,576			—			—			250,909
Conversion of share premium to share capital		12		219,984		(219,984	)		—			—			—
Business combination under common control				—		—			(57,943	)		—			(57,943	)

Balance at December 31, 2019				227,333		139,752			(174,875	)		7.035			199,245

Balance at January 1, 2018				16		71,607			(38,172	)		2,695			36,146
Loss for the year				—		—			(30,189	)		—			(30,189	)
Other comprehensive loss				—		—			—			(554	)		(554	)

Transactions with shareholders				16		71,607			(68,361	)		2,141			5,403
Capital increase		12		—		44,553			—			—			44,553

Balance at December 31, 2018				16		116,160			(68,361	)		2,141			49,956

On April 11, 2019, the Company acquired Arrival M Ltd (previously named Cybernation Ltd). In addition, the Company acquired Arrival R Ltd (previously named Roborace Ltd) and Arrival USA Inc (previously named Roborace Inc) on September 2, 2019. As per IFRS 3, the entities have been consolidated in the current consolidated financial statements as business combination of entities under common control as these entities have been subsidiaries of Kinetik S.à r.l., the controlling party. As a result of this business combination, an amount of EUR 57,943 was recognized in the retained earnings (see note 3). This amount is the difference between the acquisition price and the net equity of the acquired entities. The impact of this transaction on tangible and intangible assets is also shown separately in note 6 and 7.

*	Other reserves comprise of translation reserves which are not distributable.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements

F-37

Arrival S.à r.l.

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018


In thousands of euro			2019			2018
	Note
Cash flows used in operating activities
Loss for the year				(48,096	)		(30,189	)
Adjustments for:
– Depreciation/Amortization		7,8,19		4,770			2,120
– Impairment losses		8,19		4,972			9,347
– Net unrealised foreign exchange differences		20		105			(141	)
– Net finance cost		20		2,524			(94	)
– Profit on disposal of fixed assets				(542	)		—
– Profit from the modification of lease				(64	)		—
– Deferred taxes		16		(65	)		(1,108	)
– Tax (income)/expense		16		(6,864	)		157

Cash flows used in operations before working capital changes				(43,260	)		(19,908	)
(Increase)/decrease in trade and other receivables				(7,714	)		2,239
Increase/(decrease) in trade and other payables				9,317			(1,652	)
Increase of inventory				(3,413	)		(1,067	)


Cash flows used in operations				(45,070	)		(20,388	)
Income tax and other taxes received/(paid)				6,973			(118	)
Interest received		20		51			94

Net cash used in operating activities				(38,046	)		(20,412	)

Cash flows from investing activities
Acquisition of intangible fixed assets		7		(39,087	)		(19,334	)
Acquisition of tangible fixed assets		8		(6,345	)		(3,182	)
Cash received from entities acquired under common control				486			—
Loans granted		9		(490	)		(2,509	)
Acquisition of subsidiary				(5	)		—
Proceeds from the sale of intangible and tangible fixed assets				10			—

Net cash used in investing activities				(45,431	)		(25,025	)

Cash flows from financing activities
Issuance of Preference A shares		12		100,000			—
Contribution of Kinetik S.à r.l. to the share premium of the Company without the issuance of any shares		12		81,911			41,052
Repayment of lease liabilities		15		(3,287	)		—

Net cash from financing activities				178,624			41,052

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents				95,147			(4,385	)
Cash and cash equivalents at January 1		11		1,053			5,476
Effects of movements in exchange rates on cash held				444			(38	)

Cash and cash equivalents at December 31				96,644			1,053

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements

F-38

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

1. INCORPORATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES

General

Arrival S.à r.l. (the “Company” or the “Group” if together with its subsidiaries) was incorporated in Luxembourg on October 15, 2015 as a Société à responsabilité limitée. The Company has its registered address at 1, rue Peternelchen, L-2370 Howald, Luxembourg and is registered at the Luxembourg Commercial Register under number R.C.S Luxembourg n° 200789. The Company is a subsidiary of Kinetik S.à r.l., a company with a registered address at 1, rue Peternelchen, L-2370 Howald, Luxembourg and is registered at the Luxembourg Commercial Register under number R.C.S Luxembourg n° 191311, which is the majority shareholder of the Group.

Principal activities

The Group’s principal activity is the research & development (“R&D”) and design of robotics, electric vehicles including trucks, buses and other commercial vehicles with autonomous features. The Group’s main operations are in United Kingdom, United States, Germany and Russia.

2. BASIS OF PREPARATION

The Group’s financial year is from January 1 to December 31, which is also the annual closing date of the individual entities’ financial statements which have been incorporated into the Group’s consolidated financial statements.

Statement of compliance

The consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).

These consolidated financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors (the “Board”) on December 14, 2020.

Basis of measurement

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared under historical cost basis.

Going concern

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis.

In determining the appropriate basis of preparation for the financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018 the Board is required to consider whether the Group will be able to operate within the level of available cash and funding for the foreseeable future, being a period of at least 12 months following the approval of the financial statements.

Arrival S.à r.l. was incorporated in October 2015 and has a limited operating history and expects to incur significant expenses and continuing losses for the foreseeable future. Arrival has not yet manufactured or sold any production vehicles to customers so has generated no revenue to date. As Arrival attempts to transition from research and development activities to commercial production and sales, there is a degree of uncertainty in preparing Arrival’s forecasts and Arrival has limited insight into trends that may emerge and

F-39

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

2. BASIS OF PREPARATION (continued)

Going concern—(Continued)

affect Arrival’s business. The estimated costs and timelines that Arrival has developed to reach full scale commercial production are subject to inherent risks and uncertainties involved in the transition from a start-up company focused on research and development activities to the large-scale manufacture and sale of vehicles. There can be no assurance that Arrival’s estimates related to the costs and timing necessary to complete design and engineering of its electric vehicles and to tool its microfactories will prove accurate. These are complex processes that may be subject to delays, cost overruns and other unforeseen issues.

For example, the tooling required within Arrival’s microfactories may be more expensive to produce than predicted, or have a shorter lifespan, resulting in additional replacement and maintenance costs, particularly relating to composite panel tooling, which could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and financial condition. Similarly, Arrival may experience higher raw material waste in the composite process than it expects, resulting in higher operating costs and hampering its ability to be profitable.

The Board concluded that it is appropriate to adopt the going concern basis, having undertaken an assessment of the financial forecast, key uncertainties and sensitivities, including any potential impact of COVID-19. The forecast prepared to December 31, 2021 assumes the planned merger and listing as detailed below, completes in early 2021, demonstrate that the Group has adequate funds to commence the build-out of factories for buses with commercial launch planned in 2021, and vans, with commercial launch planned in 2022 as well as to invest in R&D product development throughout the period and to procure of materials sufficient to produce the planned trial bus fleet for customer development ahead of commercial launch in 2022. There are no commercial sales assumed in this period and as such consideration of severe, but plausible downsides included the impact of a delay to the timing of the planned merger and listing and a scenario with no listing as planned in 2021, with the flexibility to defer the build-out of factories and production plans if needed and prioritise costs associated with maintaining the product development timeline, which are all within management’s control.

Despite the high level of uncertainty as to how the COVID-19 pandemic might evolve over the remainder of 2020 and into 2021, Covid-19 has had limited impact on Arrival with sites having remained open for critical onsite engineering tasks and the remainder of the Company having continued to work remotely. The Group has seen some impact of the pandemic in the efficiency of the supply chain as certain suppliers have had to adjust production timescales through the lockdown, however, the Group has mitigated this where possible by bringing activities in-house and adjusting schedules for prototype vehicle development where this has not been possible with no significant impact overall on the Business Plan. Notwithstanding this there is a higher degree of uncertainty than would usually be the case in making the key judgements and assumptions that underpin the Board’s financial forecasts.

The Group had net assets of EUR 199,245 at December 31, 2019 (2018: EUR 49,956) and net current assets EUR 89,158 (2018: EUR 1,037). Cash at October 31, 2020 was EUR 123,822. The Group signed a Business Combination Agreement (“BCA”) with CIIG Merger Corp (“CIIG”) on November 18, 2020 in anticipation of a planned merger with CIIG to effect a listing of the Group on NASDAQ which is expected to complete in early 2021. On listing, EUR 566,000 of funds will be contributed to the newly merged Group representing USD 258,750 CIIG cash in trust together with USD 400,000 PIPE Investment. These funds were committed to on signing of the BCA, and the Board has assumed the completion of the planned merger and listing in its cashflows for the period. Prior to signing the BCA, the Group secured funding of EUR 150,500 from investors in October 2020.

F-40

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

2. BASIS OF PREPARATION (continued)

Going concern—(Continued)

Consequently, the Board is confident that the Group will have sufficient funds to continue to be able to realise its assets and discharge its liabilities as they fall due for a period of at least 12 months from the date of approval of the financial statements and therefore the financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis.

Functional and presentation currency

The consolidated financial statements are presented in euro (EUR) which is the functional currency of the Company, rounded off to the nearest thousand, unless otherwise stated.

Adoption of new and revised International Financial Reporting Standards

The following Standards, Amendments to Standards and Interpretations have been issued and adopted by the Group as of the effective date.


Effective date		New standards or amendments
January 1, 2018		IFRS 15 — Revenue from contracts with Customers
		Amendments to IFRS 2 – Classification and measurement of share-based payment transactions
		Interpretation 22 Foreign currency transactions and advance consideration
		IFRS 9 — Financial Instruments
January 1, 2019		IFRIC 23 — Uncertainty over Tax Treatments
		IFRS 16 — Leases
		IFRS 9 — Prepayments Features with Negative Compensation
		Annual improvements to IFRSs 2015-2017 Cycle (Amendments to IFRS3, IFRS 11, IAS 12 and IAS 23)

The Group had to change its accounting policies as a result of adopting IFRS 16 (see note 3 — Leases). The Group elected to adopt these new rules applying the modified retrospective approach effect. The cumulative effect of adopting IFSR16 is recognised as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of January 1, 2019, with no restatement of comparative information.

All other new standards and the amendments listed above did not have any impact on the amounts recognised in prior periods nor the current year as the Group did not have any transactions which required the application of these standards.

Analysis on the New Standards adopted by the Group:

Implementation of Standard that has an impact on the consolidated financial statements

— IFRS 16 “Leases”

IFRS 16 replaces existing leases guidance including IAS 17 Leases, IFRIC 4 Determining whether an Arrangement contains a Lease, SIC-15 Operating Leases—Incentives and SIC-27 Evaluating the Substance of Transactions Involving the Legal Form of a Lease. The standard introduces a single, on- balance sheet lease accounting model for lessees. IFRS 16 applies a control model to the identification

F-41

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

2. BASIS OF PREPARATION (continued)

Adoption of new and revised International Financial Reporting Standards—(Continued)

— IFRS 16 “Leases”—(Continued)

of leases, distinguishing between leases and service contracts on the basis of whether there is an identified asset controlled by the customer. The previous distinction between operating and finance leases is removed for lessees. Instead, a lessee recognised a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset and a lease liability representing its obligation to make lease payments. There are recognition exemptions for short-term leases and leases of low value items.

On transition to IFRS 16, the Group recognised additional right-of-use assets, and additional lease liabilities, recognising the difference in retained earnings. The Group has used a number of practical expedients when applying IFRS 16 to leases previously classified as operating leases under IAS 17. In particular, the Group did not recognise right-of-use assets and liabilities for leases for which the lease term ends within 12 months of the date of initial application. In addition, we excluded initial direct costs from the measurement of the right-of-use asset as at the date of initial application as well as the Group used hindsight when determining the lease terms.

On transition to IFRS, the Group elected to apply the practical expedient to grandfather the assessment of which transactions are leases. The Group applied IFRS 16 only to contracts that were previously identified as leases. Contracts that were not identified as leases under IAS 17 and IFRC 4 were not reassessed for whether there is a lease under IFRS 16.

The impact on transition is summarised below:


In thousands of euro	January 1,2019
*The impact at transition*
Right of use assets — property plant and equipment		5,720
Lease liability		(6,195	)
Retained earnings		475

The Group initially applied IFRS 16 at January 1, 2019, using the modified retrospective approach. Under this approach, comparative information is not restated and the cumulative effect of initially applying IFRS 16 is recognised in retained earnings at the date of initial application.



In thousands of euro
*Lease liabilities at transition*
Operating lease commitments at December 31, 2018 as disclosed under IAS 17			14,847
Discounted using the incremental borrowing rate at January 1, 2019*			6,195
Lease liabilities recognized at January 1, 2019			6,195

*	When measuring lease liabilities for leases that were classified as operating leases, the Group discounted the lease payments using its incremental borrowing rate at January 1, 2019. The weighted average of the incremental borrowing rate applied to the lease liabilities was 18.3%

F-42

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

2. BASIS OF PREPARATION (continued)

Adoption of new and revised International Financial Reporting Standards—(Continued)

— IFRS 16 “Leases”—(Continued)

The following Standards, Amendments to Standards and Interpretations have been issued but are not effective for the year ended December 31, 2019:


Effective date		New standards or amendments and interpretations
January 1, 2020		Amendments to References to Conceptual Framework in IFRS Standards
		IFRS 3 — Definition of a Business
		IAS 1 and IAS 8 — Definition of Material
		IFRS 9, IAS 39 and IFRS 7 — Interest rate benchmark Reform
June 1, 2020		Amendments to IFRS 16 Leases Covid 19-Related Rent Concessions
January 1, 2021		IFRS 17 — Insurance Contracts
January 1, 2022		IAS 1 — Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-Current
Available for optional adoption/effective date deferred indefinitely		IFRS 10 and IAS 28 — Sale or Contribution of Assets between Investor and its Associate or Join Venture

The above-mentioned new standards, amendments and interpretations are not expected to have a significant impact on the consolidated financial statements.

3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of consolidation

Subsidiary companies

Subsidiaries are all the entities controlled by the Group. Control exists where the Group is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee. The existence and effect of potential voting rights that are currently exercisable or convertible are considered when assessing whether the Group controls another entity.

The Group also assesses the existence of control when it does not hold more than 50% of the voting rights but is able to govern the financial and operating policies by virtue of de-facto control. De-facto control may arise in circumstances where the size of the Group’s voting rights relative to the size and dispersion of other shareholders participation, give to the Group the power to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity.

Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date on which control is transferred to the Group. They are de-consolidated from the date that control ceases.

Business combinations

The Group accounts for business combinations using the acquisition method when control is transferred to the Group. The consideration transferred for the acquisition of a subsidiary is the fair value of the assets transferred, the liabilities incurred and the equity interests issued by the Group. The consideration transferred includes the fair value of any asset or liability resulting from a contingent consideration arrangement. Acquisition-related costs are expensed in the profit and loss as incurred.

F-43

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Basis of consolidation—(Continued)

If the business combination is achieved in stages, the fair value at the acquisition date of the interest previously held by the Group is valued again at fair value at the acquisition date through profit and loss.

Any contingent consideration to be transferred by the Group is recognised at fair value at the acquisition date. Subsequent changes to the fair value of the contingent consideration that is considered as an asset or liability is recognised in accordance with IAS 39 either in the profit and loss account or as a change to other comprehensive income. Contingent consideration classified as equity is not remeasured and its subsequent settlement is recognised in equity.

Goodwill is measured as the excess of the sum of the consideration transferred and the fair value of the amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree, over the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. If the consideration price is lower than the fair value of the net assets of subsidiaries acquired, the excess is recognised in profit or loss.

Business combinations involving entities under common control are recognised as follows: all assets and liabilities are recorded at book value and the difference between the cost of investment and net equity of the entity acquired is recorded as an equity transaction in the statement of changes in equity.

A list of the subsidiary companies of the Group are:


The Group	Country of registration	Participation in share capital						Principal activity and status
		2019			2018
		%			%
Arrival Ltd	UK		100	%		100	%	R&D
Arrival Nominees Ltd	UK		—			100	%	Dissolved — February 5, 2019
Arrival Software Ltd	UK		80	%		80	%	R&D
Sim-ply Designed Ltd	UK		—			100	%	Dissolved — May 7, 2019
Arrival One Ltd	UK		—			100	%	Dissolved — March 26, 2019
Arrival Robotics Ltd (previously named TRA Robotics Ltd)	UK		100	%		100	%	R&D
Arrival R Ltd (previously named Roborace Ltd)	UK		100	%		—		R&D
Arrival M Ltd (previously named Cybernation Ltd)	UK		100	%		—		R&D
Arrival Jet Ltd	UK		100	%		100	%	R&D
Arrival Elements Ltd	UK		100	%		—		Dormant
Arrival Elements B.V.	NL		100	%		—		Distributor
Arrival USA Inc (previously named Roborace Inc)	US		100	%		—		R&D
Arrival Automotive Inc	US		100	%		100	%	Manufacturing
Arrival Automotive PTE Ltd	SGP		100	%		100	%	Acquisition and holding of participating interests
Arrival RUS LLC (ex-Arrival Software LLC)	Russia		100	%		100	%	R&D
Arrival Robotics LLC (ex- TRA Robotics LLC)	Russia		100	%		100	%	R&D
Arrival Germany GmbH	GER		100	%		100	%	R&D

F-44

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Basis of consolidation—(Continued)


The Group	Country of registration	Participation in share capital						Principal activity and status
		2019			2018
		%			%
TRA Robotics GmbH	GER		—			100	%	Merged with Arrival Germany GmbH
Arrival Automotive Germany GmbH	GER		100	%		—		Manufacturing
Arrival Israel Ltd	IL		100	%		—		R&D

On April 11, 2019, the Company entered into a Share Purchase Agreement with K Cybernation S.à r.l. for the acquisition of Arrival M Ltd for an amount of EUR 3,322.

On September 2, 2019, K Robolife S.à r.l. sold Arrival R Ltd to Arrival Ltd for an amount of EUR 61,134 and Arrival USA Inc to Arrival S.à r.l. for an amount of EUR 4,515.

Following the completion of the above-mentioned transactions, the amount that was due by the Company to K Cybernation S.à r.l. and K Robolife S.à r.l. amounted to EUR 68,971. On the same day, Kinetik S.à r.l., being the shareholder of all the entities mentioned in the above transactions, decided to eliminate these inter-company positions. This resulted in an increase into the share premium of the Company without the issuance of any shares.

On July 23, 2019, Kinetik S.à r.l., has assigned a receivable that it had with Arrival Automotive Inc of an amount EUR 27, by contributing it to the share premium of the Company without the issuance of any shares.

Transactions eliminated at consolidation

Intergroup balances and any recognised gains and losses or income and expenses arising from intergroup transactions, are eliminated during the preparation of the consolidated financial statements. Unrealised gains arising from transactions with associate companies are eliminated to the extent of the Group’s interest in the net assets of the associate company. Unrealised losses are eliminated in the same way, but only to the extent that there is no evidence for impairment.

Foreign currencies

1. Foreign currency transactions

Transactions in foreign currencies are translated to the functional currency of Group at the average rate of the year.

Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated to the functional currency of Group at the exchange rate at the reporting date. Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rate when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary items that are measured based on historical cost in a foreign currency are translated at the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Foreign currency differences are generally recognised in profit or loss.

F-45

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Foreign currencies—(Continued)

2. Foreign operations

The assets and liabilities of foreign operations, including goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on acquisition, are translated into Euro at the exchange rates at the reporting date. The income and expenses of foreign operations are translated into Euro at the average rate of the year.

Foreign currency differences are recognised in Other Comprehensive Income (“OCI”) and accumulated in the translation reserve, except to the extent that the translation difference is allocated to Non-Controlling Interest (“NCI”).

When a foreign operation is disposed of in its entirety or partially such control, significant influence or joint control is lost, the cumulative amount in the translation reserve related to that foreign operation is reclassified to profit and loss as part of the gain or loss on disposal. If the Group disposes of part of its interest in a subsidiary but retains control, then the relevant proportion of the cumulative amount is reattributed to NCI. When the Group disposes of only part of an associate or joint venture while retaining significant influence or joint control, the relevant proportion of the cumulative amount is reclassified to profit and loss.

Foreign exchange gains and losses are presented netted in the consolidated financial statements

The rates applied are presented in the following table:


		Balance Sheet Closing rates				Profit or Loss Average rates
		2019		2018		2019		2018
British Pounds	GBP		1.17536436		1.11794298		1.14171543		1.12873081
Russian Rubles	RUB		0.01429464		0.01254464		0.01384692		0.01348234
US Dollar	USD		0.89015489		0.87336245		0.89329581		0.84794867
Singapore Dollar	SGD		0.66176957		0.64139568		0.6556159		0.62885172
Israeli Shekel	ILS		0.25743339		—		0.25138208		—

If the settlement of a monetary item receivable from or payable to a foreign operation is neither planned nor likely to occur in the foreseeable future, the foreign currency differences arising from such items form part of the net investment in the foreign operation. Accordingly, such differences are recognised in OCI and accumulated in the translation reserve.

Property, plant and equipment

Each class of property, plant and equipment is carried at cost less, where applicable, any accumulated depreciation and impairment.

The depreciation rates for property, plant and equipment are as follows:


	Depreciation method		Depreciation Rate
Plant and machinery		Straight line		20	%
Furniture & Fittings		Straight line		20	%

F-46

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Property, plant and equipment—(Continued)


	Depreciation method		Depreciation Rate
Computer equipment		Straight line		33	%
Motor vehicles		Straight line		20	%

At the end of each annual reporting period, the depreciation method, useful life and residual value of each asset is reviewed. Any revisions are accounted for prospectively as a change in estimate.

When an asset is disposed, the gain or loss is calculated by comparing proceeds received with its carrying amount and is taken to profit or loss.

Assets that have been acquired but are not available for use are not depreciated. Leasehold improvements under construction are also not depreciated.

Leasehold improvements that are available for use, are depreciated at the earliest of: their useful economic life or the duration of the lease.

The depreciated amount is presented in administration expenses.

Intangible fixed assets and goodwill

Intangible fixed assets are valued at purchase price including the expenses incidental thereto or at production cost, less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Where factors, such as technological advancement or changes in market price, indicate that the residual value or useful life have changed, the residual value, useful life or amortisation rate are amended prospectively to reflect the new circumstances. The assets are reviewed for impairment if the above factors indicate that the carrying amount may be impaired.

Expenditure on research activities is recognised in the profit and loss account as an expense as incurred. Expenditure on development activities may be recognised as intangible fixed assets if the product or process is technically and commercially feasible and the Group intends and has the technical ability and sufficient resources to complete development, future economic benefits are probable and if the Group can measure reliably the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development.

Development activities involve design for, construction or testing of the production of a new or substantially improved products or processes. The expenditure recognised includes the cost of materials, direct labour, an appropriate proportion of overheads and borrowing costs. Other development expenditure is recognised in the profit and loss account as an expense as incurred. There will be no amortisation until the asset is completed. Capitalised development expenditure is stated at cost less accumulated amortisation recognised and less accumulated impairment losses.

Intangible assets are amortised as follows:


	Amortisation method	Amortisation Rate
Trademarks and Patents	Straight line	10 years
Software	Straight line	33.33% or over the period which any licenses cover

The amortisation of intangible assets is presented in administration expenses.

F-47

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Intangible fixed assets and goodwill—(Continued)

Goodwill results from the acquisition of subsidiaries, associate companies and joint ventures and represents the excess of the consideration paid over the fair value of the net identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities of the entity acquired.

Goodwill is stated at cost, less accumulated impairment losses.

Goodwill impairment testing is performed annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate possible impairment. The carrying amount of goodwill is compared with its recoverable amount which is the higher of the value in use and the fair value less cost to sell.

Trade and other receivables

Trade and other receivables without significant financing components are initially measured at the transaction price. Other receivables which have significant financing components, are initially measured at fair value plus transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue.

The amount of provision for trade and other receivables represents the difference between the carrying amount and the recoverable amount, which is equal to the present value of the estimated cash flow.

Amounts receivable in more than one year are presented in non-current assets and they measured at amortised cost.

Inventories

Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost of inventory is determined using the first-in-first-out basis and is net of any rebates and discounts received. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs to make the sale. At the reporting date inventory is written down through an obsolescence provision if necessary. When such provision is recognised it is presented in the Research and Development expenses in the profit or loss.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents, for the purpose of preparing the statement of cash flows, comprise cash in hand and at banks and short-term deposits expiring not more than three months after the acquisition date.

Long term deposits are presented on the Balance Sheet under non-currents assets, trade and other receivables, as these deposits are not liquid investments. For the purposes of preparing the statement of cash flows, transactions occurred within such long-term deposits appear

Impairment of assets

The carrying amount of the Group’s assets is reviewed at each reporting date to determine whether there is any indication of impairment in the value of the assets. If such indication exists, the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated. The recoverable amount of an asset is determined as the higher of its net selling price in an arm’s length transaction and the present value of the estimated future cash flows from the continued use of the asset and its sale at the end of its useful life. When the recoverable amount of an asset is lower

F-48

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Impairment of assets—(Continued)

than its carrying amount, this decrease is recognised as an expense in the statement of comprehensive income of the year.

In case that in future accounting periods the amount of impairment that corresponds to the remaining assets decreases due to events that occurred after the recognition of the impairment, the corresponding amount is reversed through the statement of profit or loss.

Share capital

Ordinary shares and Preference A shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issue of ordinary shares and share options which vest immediately are recognised as a deduction from equity, net of any tax effects.

The share premium is the difference between the fair value of the consideration receivable for the issue of shares and the nominal value of the shares.

Trade and other payables

Trade and other payables are initially recognised at their fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost.

Trade and other payables are classified as current liabilities unless the Group has the right, unconditionally, to postpone the repayment of the liabilities for at least twelve months after the reporting date.

Interest income and expense

Interest income and expense are recognised within `finance income’ and `finance costs’ in profit or loss using the effective interest rate method.

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a financial asset or financial liability and of allocating the interest income or interest expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash payments or receipts throughout the expected life of the financial instrument, or a shorter period where appropriate, to the net carrying amount of the financial asset or financial liability.

When calculating the effective interest rate, the Group estimates cash flows considering all contractual terms of the financial instrument (for example, prepayment options) but does not consider future credit losses. The calculation includes all fees and points paid or received between parties to the contract that are an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and all other premiums or discounts.

Government grants

The Group recognises an unconditional government grant relating to development in profit or loss as other income when the grant becomes receivable. Government grants which become receivable and relate to a capital expenditure are credited to a deferred income account and are released to the profit or loss over the expected useful lives of the relevant assets. The Group considers that a grant becomes receivable once a confirmation is received from the party providing the grant.

F-49

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Leases

1. Definition of a lease

Previously, the Group determined at contract inception whether an arrangement was or contained a lease under IFRIC 4 Determining whether an Arrangement contains a Lease. The Group now assesses whether a contract is or contains a lease based on the definition of a lease under IFRS 16. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Group uses the definition of a lease in IFRS 16.

2. Leased assets

At commencement or on modification of a contract that contains a lease component, the Group allocates the consideration in the contract to each lease component on the basis of its relative prices. However, for the leases of property the Group has elected not to separate non-lease components and account for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component.

The Group recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received.

The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the end of the lease term, unless the lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset to the Group by the end of the lease term or the cost of the right-of-use asset reflects that the Group will exercise a purchase option. In that case the right-of-use asset will be depreciated over the useful life of the underlying asset, which is determined on the same basis as those of property and equipment. In addition, the right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain remeasurements of the lease liability.

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the Group’s incremental borrowing rate.

The Group determines its incremental borrowing rate by obtaining interest rates from various external financing sources and makes certain adjustments to reflect the terms of the lease and type of the asset leased.

Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise the following:

— fixed payments, including in-substance fixed payments;

— variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, initially measured using the index or rate as at the commencement date;

— amounts expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee; and

— the exercise price under a purchase option that the Group is reasonably certain to exercise, lease payments in an optional renewal period if the Group is reasonably certain to exercise an extension option, and penalties for early termination of a lease unless the Group is reasonably certain not to terminate early.

F-50

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Leases—(Continued)

The lease liability is measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. It is remeasured when there is a change in future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate, if there is a change in the Group’s estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee, if the Group changes its assessment of whether it will exercise a purchase, extension or termination option or if there is a revised in-substance fixed lease payment.

When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset or is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero.

The Group presents right-of-use assets that do not meet the definition of investment property in ‘property, plant and equipment’ and lease liabilities in ‘loans and borrowings’ in the statement of financial position.

3. Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets

The Group has elected not to recognise right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for leases of low-value assets and short-term leases. The Group recognises the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Policy before January 1, 2019:

Determining whether an arrangement contains a lease

At inception of an arrangement, the Group determines whether the arrangement is or contains a lease. At inception or on reassessment of an arrangement that contains a lease, the Group separates payments and other consideration required by the arrangement into those for the lease and those for other elements on the basis of their relative fair values. If the Group concludes for a finance lease that it is impracticable to separate the payments reliably, then an asset and a liability are recognised at an amount equal to the fair value of the underlying asset; subsequently, the liability is reduced as payments are made and an imputed finance cost on the liability is recognised using the Group’s incremental borrowing rate.

Leased assets

Leases of property, plant and equipment that transfer to the Group substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership are classified as finance leases. The leased assets are measured initially at an amount equal to the lower of their fair value and the present value of the minimum lease payments. Subsequent to initial recognition, the assets are accounted for in accordance with the accounting policy applicable to that asset. Assets held under other leases are classified as operating leases and are not recognised in the Group’s statement of financial position.

Lease payments

Payments made under operating leases are recognised in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Lease incentives received are recognised as an integral part of the total lease expense, over the term of the lease. Minimum lease payments made under finance leases are apportioned between the finance expense and the reduction of the outstanding liability. The finance expense is allocated to each period during the lease term so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability.

F-51

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Taxation

Tax on the profit or loss for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in the income statement except to the extent that it relates to items recognised directly in equity, in which case it is recognised in equity.

Current tax is the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years.

Deferred tax is provided on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. The following temporary differences are not provided for: the initial recognition of goodwill; the initial recognition of assets or liabilities that affect neither accounting nor taxable profit other than in a business combination, and differences relating to investments in subsidiaries to the extent that they will probably not reverse in the foreseeable future. The amount of deferred tax provided is based on the expected manner of realisation or settlement of the carrying amount of assets and liabilities, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date.

A deferred tax asset is recognised only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the temporary difference can be utilised.

R&D Tax

UK registered entities in the Group are eligible to apply for a credit from the UK tax authorities calculated based on the cost of specific qualifying research and development activities in the period (“R&D Tax Credits”). The calculation of these tax credits, and the approval of them by the tax authorities, is sufficiently uncertain, as it requires the approval from the UK authorities that all condition are met, hence the Group recognises amounts received from R&D Tax Credits as and when the amount of the credit has been finally confirmed for payment by the UK tax authority.

Events after the reporting date

Assets and liabilities are adjusted for events which occurred in the period between the reporting date and the date the financial statements are approved by the Board when such events provide evidence if conditions that existed at the end of the reporting period.

Use of estimates and judgements

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) requires from Management the exercise of judgment, to make estimates and assumptions that influence the application of accounting principles and the related amounts of assets and liabilities, income and expenses. The estimates and underlying assumptions are based on historical experience and various other factors that are deemed to be reasonable based on knowledge

F-52

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

3. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued)

Use of estimates and judgements—(Continued)

available at that time. Actual results may deviate from such estimates. A higher degree of judgement has been applied to:

Impairment testing

Information about the assumptions and estimation on uncertainties as at December 31, 2019 that have significant risk of resulting in a material adjustment to carrying amounts of assets and liabilities are included in Note 8. The assumptions used in the impairment test represent management’s best estimate for the period under consideration. The estimate of the recoverable amount, for purposes of performing the annual impairment test for the research and development cash generating unit (“CGU”), was determined using a value-in-use model for the year ended December 31, 2019 and was based on the following assumptions: 1) the expected future cash flows based on the current economic conditions and market trends for the years 2020 to 2024 and 2) the increase of number of vehicles that will sold in the following years. The increase is calculated on management’s projections of the associated Arrival business for the period 2020 to 2024, discounted back to December 31, 2019.

Capitalised assets in the course of construction

Management is using its judgement to determine when a project has reached the development phase. Management estimates the cost to completion and calculates the potential future cash flows that will flow in order to determine if the project is economically viable. If the conditions are met and it is believed that there is a market for the product under development, then management make a significant that all directly attributable costs relating to the project are capitalised.

4. FINANCIAL RISK AND CAPITAL MANAGEMENT

A. Financial risk factors

The Group is exposed to the following financial risks:

•

Liquidity risk

•

Credit risk

•

Market risk

The Board has overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of the Group’s risk management framework.

The Group risk management policies are established to identify and analyse the risks faced by the Group, to set appropriate risk limits and controls and monitor risks and adherence to limits. Risk management policies and systems are reviewed regularly to reflect changes in market conditions and the Company’s activities.

(i) Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will encounter difficulty in meeting in financial obligations as they fall due. The Group was funded throughout the year by its main shareholder, Kinetik S.à r.l.. On a monthly basis, the Group entities have been providing their monthly cash-flow forecast and Kinetik S.à r.l. has been providing the necessary funding through capital contribution. During 2019, the Group has been financed by Kinetik S.à r.l. with an amount of EUR 150,909 (2018: EUR 44,553— see note 12).

F-53

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

4. FINANCIAL RISK AND CAPITAL MANAGEMENT (continued)

(i) Liquidity risk—(Continued)

In addition to the funding from Kinetik S.à r.l., as at the end of 2019, the Company has increased further its share capital and had new investors for a total amount of EUR 100,000 (see note 12).

In 2020, the Company increased its share capital further as it accepted additional external investors. The total amount of new funds that have been received from new investors in 2020 amounted to EUR 160,500. In addition, the Group it is expected to raise an additional amount of USD 660,000 from the planned merger with CIIG. The planned merger and the receipt of these funds are subject to regulators’ approval and the approval of CIIG shareholders

(ii) Credit risk

Credit risk arises from the possibility that counterparties to transactions may default on their obligations, causing financial losses for the Group. As the Group does not actively trade, hence the risk is minimum as it applies only to the other debtors of the Group. Management is closely monitoring all amounts due and takes actions where it is necessary to do so to mitigate this risk.

(iii) Market risk

Market risk is primarily related to foreign currency exchanges rates. Foreign currency risk arises from the exposure to exchange rate fluctuations. The Group is exposed to British Pounds (“GBP”), Russian Rubles (“RUB”) and United States Dollars (“USD”). Currently there are no currency forwards, options or swaps to hedge this exposure as the Group is in the development phase and the Management is committed to funding all projects. The management is monitoring the risk by reviewing the monthly cash-flow forecasts and financing the various entities of the group with the necessary operating cash-flow on a monthly basis.

The following table shows the fluctuation of the main currencies the Group is using against Euro:


	2019			2018
EUR/USD		5.34	%		(3.72	%)
EUR/GBP		1.15	%		(1.17	%)
EUR/RUB		2.70	%		(12.08	%)

The net impact from the fluctuation of operational foreign exchange rates amounted to EUR (501) (2018: EUR 18)

B. Capital Management

The Board’s policy is to secure the Group as a going concern and finance its long-term growth. In addition to the analysis provided in liquidity risk above, Management also received a strategic order of 10,000 vehicles from UPS which need to be delivered over the next 5 years.

5. NON-FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT

The Group is exposed to the following non-financial risks:

Operational risk

Compliance risk

Legal risk

Risk due to the Covid pandemic

Risk due to Brexit

F-54

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

5. NON-FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT (continued)

Operational risk

Operational risk is the risk derived from the weakness of information technology systems and controls as well as the risk from human error and natural disaster. This risk is limited through continuous evaluation and upgrade of the current systems and controls.

Compliance risk

Compliance risk is the risk of financial loss, including fines and other penalties, which arises from non-compliance with the laws and regulations in the countries we operate. This risk is limited due to the supervision exercised by the Legal Officer as well as by the processes and procedures applied by the Group.

Legal risk

Legal risk is the risk of financial loss, the discontinuation of the operations of companies of the Group and the Group or any other negative situation arising from the possibility of non-execution or violation of legal contracts resulting in lawsuits. This risk is limited as the only significant contracts the Group has are the lease contracts (see note 15).

Risk due to Covid pandemic

The Covid pandemic has created considerable macro-economic uncertainty for all sectors. As set out in note 2 above, the immediate risk to Arrival is limited due to our ability, in general, to work remotely or to continue on site in a controlled fashion for critical engineering work. Our Health and Safety team will continue to evaluate the situation as it evolves and adjust our response accordingly in the event that this risk profile changes.

Risk due to Brexit

On the January 31, 2020, the United Kingdom left the European Union with transition arrangements in place until December 31, 2020. This arrangement allowed continued trading on EU terms through 2020, but the trading relationship between the United Kingdom and the European Union after December 31, 2020 is unclear. As a business with global manufacturing locations, Arrival does not have a significant reliance on UK/EU trade. The short-term risk is primarily restricted to the impact of changes in rules regarding freedom of movement of EU citizens to work in our UK R&D locations, however our assessment of the proposed post-Brexit UK immigration rules is that it will not cause significant disruption to our hiring of high-skilled workers from the EU. In the medium term we plan to open a factory in the UK in 2022 and as such will need to take account of the impact of the new UK/EU trading relationship our supply chain planning.

6. OPERATING SEGMENTS

The Group operates as a single segment as currently all active entities operate in research and development with the focus on electric vehicles. The Group has setup entities that will operate in the manufacturing and distribution, however at this stage, the Board reviews all financial information as a single segment.

F-55

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

7. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT


In thousands of euro	Land and Buildings			Plant and Equipment			Furniture and fittings			Motor Vehicles			Assets under Construction			TOTAL
Cost
At January 1, 2019		—			8,270			1,029			78			1,475			10,852
Recognition of right-of-use asset on initial application of IFRS 16		6,027			—			—			—			—			6,027
Additions		14,732			4,335			2,135			19			—			21,221
Disposals		—			(3,199	)		(33	)		(188	)		(17	)		(3,437	)
Modification of lease		22			—			—			—			—			22
Additions through business combinations under common control		2,584			5,989			276			189			—			9,038
Foreign exchange differences		580			873			129			18			75			1,675

At December 31, 2019		23,945			16,268			3,536			116			1,533			45,398

Depreciation/impairment
At January 1, 2019		—			(2,513	)		(339	)		(28	)		—			(2,880	)
Recognition of right-of-use asset on initial application of IFRS 16		(981	)		—			—			—			—			(981	)
Additions through business combinations under common control		(251	)		(1,547	)		(53	)		(169	)		—			(2,020	)
Depreciation		(2,267	)		(2,606	)		(465	)		(39	)		—			(5,377	)
Modification of lease		42			—			—			—			—			42
Disposal		—			981			26			188			—			1,195
Foreign exchange differences		(92	)		(299	)		(33	)		(6	)		—			(430	)

At December 31, 2019		(3,549	)		(5,984	)		(864	)		(54	)		—			(10,451	)

Net book Value
At January 1, 2019		—			5,757			690			50			1,475			7,972

At December 31, 2019		20,396			10,284			2,672			62			1,533			34,947

Land and buildings are comprised only of leases that needed to be recognised in 2019 as per IFRS 16.

F-56

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

7. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (continued)


In thousands of euro	Plant and Equipment			Furniture and fittings			Motor Vehicles			Assets under Construction			TOTAL
Cost
At January 1, 2018		5,249			774			41			1,841			7,905
Additions		1,769			264			37			1,112			3,182
Reclassification		1,466			—			—			(1,466	)		—
Foreign exchange differences		(214	)		(9	)		—			(12	)		(235	)

At December 31, 2018		8,270			1,029			78			1,475			10,852

Depreciation/impairment
At January 1, 2018		(660	)		(110	)		(15	)		—			(785	)
Depreciation		(1,927	)		(232	)		(13	)		—			(2,172	)
Reclassification		—			—			—			—			—
Impairment		—			—			—			—			—
Foreign exchange differences		74			3			—			—			77

At December 31, 2018		(2,513	)		(339	)		(28	)		—			(2,880	)

Net book Value
At January 1, 2018		4,589			664			26			1,841			7,120

At December 31, 2018		5,757			690			50			1,475			7,972

*	The reclassification relates to a machinery that was initially recognised as asset under construction as at December 31, 2017. Once the construction process of the machinery was completed, the amount has been reclassified to the appropriate class of assets.

F-57

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

8. INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL


In thousands of euro	Goodwill			Assets under construction*			Patent, trademarks and other rights			Software			TOTAL
Cost
At January 1, 2019		2			49,325			102			917			50,346
Additions		4			46,145			—			836			46,985
Additions through business combinations under common control		—			24,020			121			543			24,684
Disposal		—			(2	)		(133	)		—			(135	)
Foreign exchange differences		—			5,450			14			98			5,562

At December 31, 2019		6			124,938			104			2,394			127,442

Amortisation/impairment
At January 1, 2019		(2	)		(15,298	)		(9	)		(476	)		(15,785	)
Amortisation		—			—			(17	)		(419	)		(436	)
Additions through business combinations under common control		—			(19,661	)		(121	)		(275	)		(20,057	)
Disposal		—			—			133			—			133
Impairment		(4	)		(4,968	)		—			—			(4,972	)
Foreign exchange differences		—			(2,022	)		(3	)		(50	)		(2,075	)

At December 31, 2019		(6	)		(41,949	)		(17	)		(1,220	)		(43,192	)

Net book Value
At January 1, 2019		—			34,027			93			441			34,561

At December 31, 2019		—			82,989			87			1,174			84,250

*	Assets under construction include all costs of projects that are in development phase. The projects under development relate to electric vehicles, electric vehicle components and software.

F-58

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

8. INTANGIBLE ASSETS AND GOODWILL (continued)

The impairment loss was recognised in relation to projects and elements of projects that are no longer expected to derive future cash-flows, as they are not commercially viable.


In thousands of euro	Goodwill			Assets under construction*			Patent, trademarks and other rights			Software			TOTAL
Cost
At January 1, 2018		2			28,934			—			570			29,506
Additions		—			19,155			103			355			19,613
Foreign exchange differences		—			1,236			(1	)		(8	)		1,227

At December 31, 2018		2			49,325			102			917			50,346

Amortisation/impairment
At January 1, 2018		(2	)		(6,090	)		—			(262	)		(6,354	)
Amortisation		—			—			(9	)		(218	)		(227	)
Impairment		—			(9,347	)		—			—			(9,347	)
Foreign exchange differences		—			139			—			4			143

At December 31, 2018		(2	)		(15,298	)		(9	)		(476	)		(15,785	)

Net book Value
At January 1, 2018		—			22,844			—			308			23,152

At December 31, 2018		—			34,027			93			441			34,561

The impairment loss was recognised in relation to projects and elements of projects that are no longer expected to derive future cash-flows, as they are not commercially viable.

*	Assets under construction include all costs of projects that are in development phase

9. TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

A.	Non-Current trade and other receivables


	2019		2018
In thousands of euro
Loans receivable		—		4,049
Other		1,246		—
Call deposits		2,351		—
Cash Guarantees and deposits		4,612		2,244

Total		8,209		6,293

F-59

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

9. TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES (continued)

(i) Loan receivable

The loans receivable primarily relates to Arrival LT UAB (previously named Thor Motors UAB) and, at December 31, 2018, the amount outstanding was EUR 3,088. Loans receivable were due to be repaid in 2 years from the drawdown. However, during 2019, it was agreed that the outstanding amount will be offset against services provided by Arrival LT UAB to the Group. Before the service offset agreement was put in place, an amount of EUR 490 was loaned to Arrival LT UAB in 2019. Following the implementation of the agreement, the outstanding loan has been reclassified to current receivables (see note 9B) and, at December 31, 2019, the balance of the receivable after offsetting the services, amounted to EUR 1,279.

(ii) Cash guarantees and deposits

Cash guarantees and deposits are amounts that some companies of the Group have deposited in escrow accounts in order to obtain the lease and/or to get the services required by third parties. The cash guarantees match each lease duration. The leases expire between 2 to 12 years.

(iii) Call deposits

Call deposits are mainly composed of a deposit that we have made for a factory building in the US that is currently under construction with maturity date May 2021 and September 2022.

B. Current trade and other receivables


In thousands of euro	2019		2018
VAT receivable		1,943		436
Deferred charges		82		60
Loan receivable		1,279		-
Other		5,205		2,291

Total		8,509		2,787

Other debtors is mainly composed of amounts due from Roborace Ltd of EUR 1,051 (2018: EUR 0) and from Roborace Inc. of EUR 2,684 (2018: EUR 0).

10. INVENTORY


In thousands of euro	2019		2018
Raw materials and consumables		5,716		2,090

Inventory		5,716		2,090

11. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS


In thousands of euro	2019		2018
Bank balances		96,644		1,045
Call deposits		—		8

Total		96,644		1,053

F-60

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

12. CAPITAL AND RESERVES

A. Share capital


In thousands of shares	2019		2018
Authorised
Ordinary shares (nominal value EUR 1.00)		880,000		16

Preferred A shares (nominal value EUR 1.00)		88,000		—

In thousands of euro
Ordinary shares issued and fully paid
Ordinary shares as of January 1		16		16
Contribution from share premium		219,984		—

Ordinary shares issued and fully paid as of December 31		220,000		16

Preferred A shares issued and fully paid
Preferred A shares as of January 1		—		—
Issue of Preferred A shares		7,333		—

Preferred A shares issued and fully paid as of December 31		7,333		—

Total share capital December 31		227,333		16

On October 4, 2019, in an Extraordinary General Meeting of the Company, it was resolved to reduce the nominal value of the ordinary shares from EUR 1.00 to EUR 0.25 and to convert 16,000 ordinary shares with a nominal value of EUR 1.00 each into 64,000 ordinary shares with a nominal value of EUR 0.25 each. In addition, it was decided to increase the share capital of the Company by an amount of EUR 219,984,000.00 by issuing 879,936,000.00 ordinary shares with a nominal value of EUR 0.25 which were entirely paid up through the conversion of existing distributable reserves into share capital of the Company. On December 30, 2019, in an Extraordinary General Meeting of the Company, it was resolved increase the share capital of the Company by an amount of EUR 7,333,335.25 by issuing 29,333,341 new Preferred A Shares with a nominal value of EUR 0.25 each. Preferred A shares can be converted to ordinary shares upon receipt of a conversion notice and/or immediately prior to an IPO. The shareholders have entered into a Shareholder agreement, which requires the consent of by each Shareholder on several matters called Preferred A Reserved Matters. Preferred A Reserved Matters include among others:

a) the amendments of the Articles of Association, the winding-up of the Company, b) implementing a reclassification or recapitalisation of the outstanding capital shares, c) increase in the authorised number of Preferred A shares, d) repurchase or redemption of Shares, e) material changes to the nature of the business, f) the acquisition or disposal by the Group of any business or company where the value of the relevant transaction would exceed EUR 10,000,000.00 or 2% of the annual revenue of the Group and g) declaration of dividends.

Preference A shares have no preference rights over earnings and dividends.

The numbers mentioned in the above note are absolute numbers.

F-61

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

12. CAPITAL AND RESERVES (continued)

B. Share premium


In thousands of euro
January 1, 2018	71,607
Movements for the year	44,553

December 31, 2018	116,160

January 1, 2019	116,160
Additions	243,576
Contribution to share capital	(219,984	)

December 31, 2019	139,752

During the financial year 2019, Kinetik S.à r.l made additional capital contributions for an aggregate amount of EUR 81,911 in cash and EUR 68,998 by contribution in kind (2018: EUR 41,052 in cash and EUR 3,501 by contribution in kind). Information about the contribution can be found in note 3b.

The preference A shareholders made additional capital contributions on December 30, 2019 to the share premium account for an amount of EUR 92,667.

C. OCI accumulated in reserves, net of tax


In thousands of euro
January 1, 2018	2,695
Foreign operations — foreign currency translation differences	(554	)

December 31, 2018	2,141

Foreign operations — foreign currency translation differences	4,894

December 31 2019	7,035

13. EARNINGS PER SHARE

A. Basic earnings per share

The calculation of basic earnings per share (“EPS”) has been based on the following profit/loss attributable to Ordinary and Preferred A shareholders and weighted number of shares outstanding:

(Loss) attributable to Ordinary and Preferred A shareholders:


In thousands of euro	2019						2018
	Continuing operations			Total			Continuing operations			Total
(Loss) for the year, attributable to the owners of the Company (basic)		(48,096	)		(48,096	)		(30,189	)		(30,189	)

F-62

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

13. EARNINGS PER SHARE (continued)


In thousands of shares	2019		2018
Ordinary shares as at January 1		16		16
Share split		48		48
Conversion of distributable reserves into shares		879,936		879,936
Issue of Preference A shares		161		—

Weighted-average number of Ordinary and Preferred A shares as at December 31		880,161		880,000

A. Diluted earnings per share

(Loss) attributable to Ordinary and Preferred A shares (diluted)


In thousands of euro	2019						2018
	Continuing operations			Total			Continuing operations			Total
(Loss) for the year, attributable to the owners of the Company (diluted)		(48,096	)		(48,096	)		(30,189	)		(30,189	)

ii.

Weighted-average number of Ordinary and Preferred A shares


In thousands of shares	Note	2019		2018
Ordinary shares as at January 1			16		16
Share split			48		48
Conversion of distributable reserves into shares			879,936		879,936
Issue of Preference A Shares			161		—

Weighted-average number of Ordinary and Preferred A shares as at December 31			880,161		880,000

The earnings per share is calculated on both, Ordinary and Preferred A shares as they have the same rights over earnings.

14. LOANS AND BORROWINGS


In thousands of euro	Liabilities
January 1, 2019	Lease liabilities
Changes from financing cash flows
Payment of lease liabilities		(713	)

Total changes from financing cash flows		(713	)

Other changes
Interest paid		(2,574	)

Total of other changes		(2,574	)

December 31, 2019		(3,287	)

January 1, 2018
Changes from financing cash flows
Proceeds to share premium without the issuance of any shares		—

December 31, 2018		—

F-63

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

15. LEASE LIABILITIES


In thousands of euro	2019		2018
Non-current lease liabilities
Lease liability		19,943		—

Total non-current lease liabilities		19,943		—

Current lease liabilities
Balance as of January 1		—		—
Current portion of lease liabilities		3,045		—

Total current loans and borrowings		3,045		—

In thousands of euro

Carrying
amount

Total

Within one
year

Between 1 and
5 years

More than
5 years

December 31, 2019

Leases

22,988

68,773

6,610

34,593

27,570


In thousands of euro	2019
Amounts recognized in profit or loss
Interest on lease liability		2,574
Expenses relating to short-term leases and low value leases		336

		2,910

Amount recognized in the statement of cash flows
Total cash outflow for leases		3,287

The leased buildings are offices and industrial buildings used for the corporate, research and development of our products.

16. INCOME TAXES

A. Amounts recognised in profit or loss


In thousands of euro	2019			2018
Current tax expense
Current year		(294	)		(152	)
Other taxes		(5	)		(5	)
R&D tax credit in respect of prior periods		7,163			—

Total current tax expense		6,864			(157	)

Deferred tax expense
Relating to origination and reversal of temporary differences		65			1,108
Total deferred tax		65			1,108

Total tax charge to profit or loss		6,929			951

F-64

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

16. INCOME TAXES (continued)

B. Movements in deferred tax balances


	2019			2018
In thousands of euro
Asset
Depreciation and amortisation		—			6
Accruals		96			82
Tax losses		2,223			2,945
Other		360			47

		2,679			3,080

Liabilities
Depreciation and amortisation		(2,520	)		(2,977	)
Other		—			(10	)

		(2,520	)		(2,987	)

C. Unrecognised deferred tax assets

Deferred tax assets have not been recognised in respect of the following items, because it is not sufficiently certain at this stage, the amount of future taxable profit that will be available against which the Group can use the benefits therefrom.

2019

2018

In thousands of euro

Gross amount

Tax effect

Gross amount

Tax effect

Tax losses

141,445

24,638

60,009

10,224

D. Tax losses carried forward

Tax loses for which no deferred tax asset was recognised and expire as follows:


In thousands of euro	2019		2018
Expiry 2020 - 2037		7,457		249
No expiry		133,988		59,760

E. Reconciliation of effective tax rate


In thousands of euro	2019			2019			2018			2018
Loss before tax from continuing operations					(55,025	)					(31,140	)
Tax rate using the Company’s domestic tax rate		24.94	%		(13,723	)		26.01	%		(8,100	)
Effect of tax rates in foreign jurisdictions		(5.96	%)		3,283			(7.63	%)		2,375
Non-deductible expenses		(0.31	%)		172			(0.90	%)		280
Tax exempt income/tax incentives		0.03	%		(16	)		0.17	%		(52	)
Current year losses for which no deferred tax asset is recognised		(19.11	%)		10,511			(17.97	%)		5,597
Changes in estimates relating to prior years		13.02	%		(7,162	)		(3.39	%)		(1,056	)
Other domestic taxes (minimum tax payments)		(0.01	%)		6			(0.02	%)		5

Income tax income					(6,929	)					(951	)

F-65

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

16. INCOME TAXES (continued)

E. Tax impact of the UK giving notice to withdraw from the EU

On March 29, 2017, the UK government invoked Article 50 of the Treaty of Lisbon, notifying the European Council of its intention to withdraw from the EU. UK and EU agreed on a transitional period up to December 31, 2020 to agree upon the terms of the withdrawal agreement. Even though the initial agreement includes a provision for a further 2 year extension it is unclear as of this point if an agreement will be reached. As a result, there is still significant uncertainty over the period for which the existing EU laws for member states will continue to apply to the UK and which laws will apply to the UK after an exit. Following the negotiations between the UK and the EU, the UK’s tax status may change, and this may impact the Group. However, at this stage the level of uncertainty is such that it is impossible to determine if, how and when that tax status will change.

On April 25, 2019, the Luxembourg parliament has passed a legislation, reducing the corporate tax rate for the Luxembourg entities, from 26.01% to 24.94%. The new rate is applicable for all Luxembourg entities as from January 1, 2019.

17. TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES


	2019		2018
Current liabilities
Trade payables		9,131		3,745
Other payables and accrued expenses		11,679		2,586

		20,810		6,331

18. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS — FAIR VALUES

The following table shows the carrying amounts and fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities. It does not include fair value information for financial assets and financial liabilities not measured at fair value if the carrying amount is reasonable approximation of fair value.

The fair value of trade and other payables are approximately the same as their carrying value.

In thousands of euro

December 31, 2019

Note

Financial Assets
at amortised cost

Total

Financial Assets not measured at fair value

Trade and other receivables

6,963

December 31, 2018

Financial Assets not measured at fair value

Trade and other receivables

2,244

F-66

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

19. INCOME AND EXPENSES


In thousands of euro	2019			2018
A. Other income
Government grants		1,865			1,138
Gain on disposal of fixed assets		546			—
Gain from modification of lease		64			—
Other income		108			29

Total other income		2,583			1,167

B. Other expenses
Loss on disposal of fixed assets		(5	)		—
Other charges		(6,906	)		(13	)

Total other expenses		(6,911	)		(13	)

Other charges relate to fees that do not fall within the normal operating activity of the Group. These expenses relate to one off due diligence fees and legal fees.

Government grants recognised in other income relate to grants received from the Innovate UK, which is part of UK research and innovation, a non-departmental public body which funded by the UK government (see note 16).


C. Expenses by nature	2019			2018
Depreciation		(4,770	)		(2,120	)
Impairment of intangible assets		(4,972	)		(9,347	)
Wages and salaries		(14,260	)		(8,466	)
Consultancy fees		(4,547	)		(1,718	)
Contractors		(2,241	)		(1,316	)
Rent and property utilities		(2,820	)		(2,666	)
Fees payable to the Company’s auditors for the audit of the Company’s annual accounts		(393	)		(111	)
Fees payable to the Company’s auditors for other services		(154	)		(90	)
Other		(13,356	)		(6,501	)

Total cost of administrative and research and development expenses		(47,513	)		(32,335	)

An amount of EUR 1,043 (2018: EUR 279) of deprecation has been capitalised as it formed part of the cost of the assets under construction.

20. FINANCIAL INCOME/EXPENSE


In thousands of euro	2019		2018
Finance income
Interest received		51		122
Foreign exchange differences		—		18

Total finance income		51		140

F-67

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

20. FINANCIAL INCOME/EXPENSE (continued)


In thousands of euro	2019			2018
Finance cost
Bank charges		(160	)		(72	)
Interest payable		—			(27	)
Interest on leases		(2,574	)		—
Foreign exchange differences		(501	)		—

Total finance cost		(3,235	)		(99	)

21. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The Group’s related parties include its ultimate parent company Kinetik S.à r.l., key management personnel and any subsidiaries or entities under significant influence of Kinetik S.à r.l.. Transactions between the Group entities which have been eliminated on consolidation are not disclosed.

The following transactions were carried out with related parties:


In thousands of euro Related party	Transactions for the year						Balance outstanding
In thousands of euro Related party	2019			2018			December 31, 2019			December 31, 2018
Arrival Management Systems LLC		(256	)		—			(53	)		—
Arrival Solutions LLC		(30	)		—			(26	)		—
Shishkov Rodion		62			—			64
Roborace Ltd		1,021			—			1,051			—
Roborace Inc		2,684			—			2,684			—
K Cybernation S.à r.l.		(3,297	)		—
K Robolife S.à r.l.		(65,649	)		—			—			—
Kinetik S.à r.l.		—			(44,553	)		—			—
Denis Sverdlov		—			195			—			—
Studio S.à r.l.		—			(1,690	)		—			—
Charge Cars Ltd		(39	)		165			—			—
Teleksir LLC		(86	)					—			—
Smart Space LLC		(386	)					—			(85	)
Experiment X Ltd		—			(66	)		—			(66	)
Happy Electron Ltd		—			(127	)		—			(126	)
Cybernation Ltd					(60	)		—			(59	)


In thousands of euro	Transactions
*Key Management personnel*	2019		2018
Wages and salaries		2,903		2,924
Social contributions		561		372
Other benefits		1		—
Other earnings		34		—

The related party transactions relate mainly to acquisition of fixed assets, acquisition of entities, contributions from the ultimate business owner and consulting services.

F-68

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

22. PERSONNEL


Average number of employees	2019		2018
UK		241		120
Russia		241		137
Other countries		38		2

		520		259


In thousands of euro	Personnel cost
	2019		2018
UK		27,601		12,562
Russia		11,265		6,586
US		2,597		—
Germany		2,165		62
Israel		57		—

		43,685		19,210

The personnel cost is presented grossed up as certain directly attributable wages and salaries are capitalised as part of our cost for the development projects. The amount capitalised amounted to EUR 29,425 (2018: EUR 10,744).

23. OFF BALANCE EVENTS

The Group had no off-balance sheet transactions or arrangements.

24. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

•

On January 29, 2020, the Board resolved to issue 2,933,334 new Preferred A Shares with a nominal value EUR 0.25 each and with an aggregate share premium of EUR 9,266,666.50 so as to raise the share capital of the Company from EUR 227,333,335.25 to EUR 228,066,668.75. On the same date, these shares were subscribed by United Parcel Service General Services Co. (“UPS”) for a total subscription price of EUR 10,000,000.00. As per the shareholder agreement signed between UPS and the Company on that date, the Company will convert up to 3% of the order value into the right to purchase a number of Ordinary Shares if it enters into a binding agreement for the provision of a further at least 10,000 electric vehicles. This order is in addition to Commercial Agreement that is put in place for the order of 10,000 electric vehicles (see Note 4B).

•

During 2020, the Group has entered 11 new leases. The duration of these leases varies from 2 to 14 years. In addition, the Group has cancelled one lease contract.

•

On October 8, 2020, Arrival S.à r.l. adopted the Arrival Restricted Share Plan 2020 (“RSP 2020”) under which awards may be made, comprising the acquisition of ordinary shares in the capital of

F-69

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

24. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS (continued)

Arrival S.à r.l. by employees or other eligible persons under and subject to the terms of the RSP 2020 and the restricted share agreement to be entered from time to time, with the shares held in their name or on their behalf by a nominee. On the same date, Arrival S.à r.l. and Computershare Trustees (Jersey) Limited entered into a nominee agreement dated October 8, 2020 under which Computershare Trustees (Jersey) Limited, acting as nominee, shall hold legal title to the shares on behalf of the participant, on and subject to the rules of the RSP 2020 and the terms of the restricted share agreement.

•

Between October 9, 2020 and October 12, 2020, Arrival S.à r.l. Arrival S.à r.l. entered into multiple restricted share agreements with RSP 2020 participants and made awards comprising the acquisition of 12,491,723 ordinary shares in the capital of Arrival S.à r.l. for an aggregate purchase price of EUR 42,585,408.29 payable by the participants.

•

On October 12, 2020, during the Extraordinary General Meeting of Arrival S.à r.l. it was resolved to issue 11,481,274 new Preferred A Shares with a nominal value EUR 0.25 each and with an aggregate share premium of EUR 36,270,377.88 and 17,998,734 new Preferred A Shares with a nominal value EUR 0.25 each and with an aggregate share premium of EUR 56,859,620.60. At the same date, these shares were subscribed by twelve BlackRock Funds (“BlackRock”) for a total subscription price of EUR 100,500,000.48.

•

On October 12, 2020, during the Extraordinary General Meeting of Arrival S.à r.l. it was resolved to issue 14,666,671 new Preferred A Shares with a nominal value EUR 0.25 each and with an aggregate share premium of EUR 46,333,333.69. At the same date, these shares were subscribed by WCPF II Holdings Limited (“Winter Capital”) for a total subscription price of EUR 50,000,001.44.

•

On October 26, 2020, Arrival S.à r.l. entered into the Arrival Share Option Plan 2020 Option Deed. By this Option Deed, each of the SOP 2020 participants were granted options under the Arrival Option Plan 2020 (“SOP 2020”) over an aggregate of 26,899,662 shares with an option price per share of EUR 3.40909. 50% of shares over which the option is granted is subject to a vesting date shall be the first anniversary of the participant’s start date, provided that if the participants start date was more than one year prior to the grant date the vesting date of this part of the option shall be the grant date, 25% of the shares shall be subject to the production rate milestone and 25% of the shares shall be subject to the contribution milestone.

•

On October 27, 2020, Arrival Group S.A. was incorporated with the share capital set at EUR 30,000.00 divided into 300,000 shares with a nominal value of EUR 0.10 each which were subscribed by Arrival

F-70

Arrival S.àr.l.

Notes to the consolidated financial statements

For the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018

24. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS (continued)

S.à r.l.. The authorised share capital or Arrival Group S.A. is set at EUR 270,000,000.00 divided into shares 2,700,000,000 shares with a nominal value of EUR 0.10 each.

•

The Company announced on November 18, 2020 that it is set to merge with CIIG Merger Corp. The Group value at that time was estimated at USD 5,4B and it is anticipated that the Group will raise USD 660,000,000.00 (approximately EUR 556,000,000.00) from new investors.

•

F-71

PART II. INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

Item 6. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

Article 441-8 of the 1915 Law provides that the directors shall not incur any personal obligation by reason of the commitments of the company.

Article 441-9 of the 1915 Law provides that the directors, the members of the management committee and the managing executive officer shall be liable to the company in accordance with general law for the execution of the mandate given to them and for any misconduct in the management of the company’s affairs. The directors and members of the management committee shall be jointly and severally liable towards either the company or any third parties for damages resulting from this violation of the 1915 Law or the company’s articles of association. The directors and members of the management committee shall be discharged from such liability in the case of a violation to which they were not a party provided no misconduct is attributable to them and they have reported such violation, as regards members of the board of directors, to the first general meeting and, as regards members of the management committee, during the first meeting of the board of directors after they had acquired knowledge thereof.

The Company’s articles of association, which became effective upon completion of the Business Combination, provide that directors of the Company are not held personally liable for the indebtedness or other obligations of the Company. As agents of the Company, they are responsible for the performance of their duties. Subject to the exceptions and limitations listed in the Company’s articles of association and mandatory provisions of law, every person who is, or has been, a director or officer of the Company (and his or her heirs, executors and administrators) shall be indemnified by the Company to the fullest extent permitted by law against liability and against all expenses reasonably incurred or paid by such person in connection with any claim, action, suit or proceeding which he becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of his or her being or having been a director or officer of the Company, or, at the request of the Company, of any other company of which the Company is a shareholder or creditor and by which he is not entitled to be indemnified, and against amounts paid or incurred by him or her in the settlement thereof. The words “claim”, “action”, “suit” or “proceeding” shall apply to all claims, actions, suits or proceedings (civil, criminal or otherwise including appeals) actual or threatened and the words “liability” and “expenses” shall include without limitation attorneys’ fees, costs, judgments, amounts paid in settlement and other liabilities. However, no indemnification shall be provided to any director, officer or shareholder of the Company (i) against any liability by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office (ii) with respect to any matter as to which he or she shall have been finally adjudicated to have acted in bad faith and not in the interest of the Company or (iii) in the event of a settlement, unless the settlement has been approved by a court of competent jurisdiction or by the board of directors of the Company.

The Company’s articles of association provide that the right of indemnification provided by such articles of association shall be severable, shall not affect any other rights to which any director or officer may now or hereafter be entitled, shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be such director or officer and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person. Nothing contained in such articles of association shall affect or limit any rights to indemnification to which corporate personnel, including directors and officers, may be entitled by contract or otherwise under law. The Company shall specifically be entitled to provide contractual indemnification to and may purchase and maintain insurance for any corporate personnel, including directors and officers of the Company, as the Company may decide upon from time to time.

In connection with the Business Combination, the Company entered into indemnification agreements with each of its directors and executive officers. These agreements provide that the Company will indemnify each of its directors and such officers to the fullest extent permitted by law and its charter and its bylaws.

The Company will also maintain a general liability insurance policy, which will cover certain liabilities of directors and officers of the Company arising out of claims based on acts or omissions in their capacities as directors or officers.

II-1

Item 7. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

None.

Item 8. Exhibits.

(a) Exhibits

The exhibits filed as part of this registration statement are listed in the index to exhibits immediately following the signature page to this registration statement, which index to exhibits is incorporated herein by reference.


Exhibit Number		Description

2.1#		Business Combination Agreement, dated as of November 18, 2020, by and among CIIG Merger Corp., Arrival S.à r.l., Arrival Group and ARSNL Merger Sub Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to CIIG Merger Corp.’s Form 8-K, File No. 001-39159, filed with the SEC on November 18, 2020) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to CIIG Merger Corp.’s Form 8-K, File No. 001-39159, filed with the SEC on November 18, 2020).

3.1		Articles of Association of Arrival Group, dated as of October 27, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed December 15, 2020).

3.2		Amended and Restated Articles of Arrival, dated as of March 23, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to Arrival’s Form 20-F, File No. 001-40286, filed with the SEC on March 26, 2021).

3.3		Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Arrival Vault USA, Inc., dated as of March 24, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Arrival Vault US, Inc.’s Form 8-K, File No. 001-39159, filed with the SEC on March 29, 2021).

3.4		Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Arrival Vault USA, Inc., dated as of March 24, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Arrival Vault US, Inc.’s Form 8-K, File No. 001-39159, filed with the SEC on March 29, 2021).

4.1*		Specimen Ordinary Share Certificate of Arrival Group.

4.2		Warrant Agreement, dated December 12, 2019, by and between CIIG Merger Corp. and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to CIIG Merger Corp.’s Form 8-K, File No. 001-39159, filed with the SEC on December 17, 2019).

4.3		Private Placement Warrant Purchase Agreement, dated December 12, 2019, by and between CIIG Merger Corp. and CIIG Management LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to CIIG Merger Corp.’s Form 8-K, File No. 001-39159, filed with the SEC on December 17, 2019).

4.4		Assignment, Assumption and Amendment Agreement, dated March 24, 2021 by and among CIIG Merger Corp., Arrival and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.5 to Arrival’s Form 20-F, File No. 001-40286, filed with the SEC on March 26, 2021).

4.5		Specimen Warrant Certificate of Arrival (incorporated by reference to Exhibit A of Exhibit 2.5 to Arrival’s Form 20-F, File No. 001-40286, filed with the SEC on March 26, 2021).

5.1**		Legal Opinion of Linklaters.

II-2


Exhibit Number		Description

5.1A**		Legal Opinion of Greenberg Traurig, P.A. as to warrants.

10.1		Form of Contribution and Exchange Agreement for Preferred Shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to CIIG Merger Corp.’s Form 8-K, File No. 001-39159, filed with the SEC on November 18, 2020).

10.2		Form of Contribution and Exchange Agreement for Ordinary Shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to CIIG Merger Corp.’s Form 8-K, File No. 001-39159, filed with the SEC on November 18, 2020).

10.3		Form of Subscription Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to CIIG Merger Corp.’s Form 8-K, File No. 001-39159, filed with the SEC on November 18, 2020).

10.4		Transaction Support Agreement, dated as of November 18, 2020, by and among CIIG Merger Corp., CIIG Management LLC and certain investors in CIIG Merger Corp (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to CIIG Merger Corp.’s Form 8-K, File No. 001-39159, filed with the SEC on November 18, 2020).

10.5		Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement, dated March 24, 2021, by and between Arrival and certain stockholders of CIIG Merger Corp. and Arrival S.à r.l. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.7 to Arrival’s Form 20-F filed with the SEC on March 26, 2021).

10.6		Nomination Agreement, dated March 24, 2021, by and between Arrival and Kinetik S.à r.l. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.7 to Arrival’s Form 20-F filed with the SEC on March 26, 2021).

10.7##		Collaboration Framework Agreement, dated November 4, 2019, by and between Arrival S.à r.l., Hyundai Motor Company and Kia Motors Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed December 15, 2020).

10.8##		Collaboration Agreement Side Letter addressed to Hyundai Motor Company and Kia Motors Corporation from Arrival S.à r.l, dated December 6, 2019 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed December 15, 2020).

10.9##		Vehicle Sales Agreement, dated October 8, 2020, by and between Arrival S.à r.l. and United Parcel Service Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed December 15, 2020).

10.10		Warrant Agreement, dated as of October 29, 2020, by and between Arrival S.à r.l. and United Parcel Service General Services Co. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed December 15, 2020).

10.11##+		Employment Contract, dated as of January 3, 2019, by and between Arrival Ltd. and Avinash Rugoobur (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed December 15, 2020).

10.12##+		Employment Letter Agreement, dated as of November 1, 2019, by and between Arrival Automotive, Inc. and Michael Ableson (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed December 15, 2020).

10.13##+		Employment Contract, dated as of September 14, 2020, by and between Arrival Limited and Denis Sverdlov (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed December 15, 2020).

10.14##+		Employment Contract, dated June 29, 2020, by and between Arrival Automotive UK Limited and Tim Holbrow (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed December 15, 2020).

II-3


Exhibit Number		Description

10.15##+		Employment Contract, dated October 6, 2017, by and between Arrival Ltd. and Daniel Chin (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed December 15, 2020).

10.16+		Arrival S.à r.l. Restricted Share Plan 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed December 15, 2020).

10.17+		Form of Restricted Share Agreement under the Arrival S.à r.l. Restricted Share Plan 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed December 15, 2020).

10.18+		Form of US Fixed-Sum Loan Agreement for Purchase of Shares under the Arrival S.à r.l. Restricted Share Plan 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed December 15, 2020).

10.19+		Form of non-US Fixed-Sum Loan Agreement for Purchase of Shares under the Arrival S.à r.l (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed December 15, 2020).

10.20+		Arrival S.à r.l. Share Option Plan 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed December 15, 2020).

10.21+		Form of Option Grant Letter Agreement under the Arrival S.à r.l. Share Option Plan 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed December 15, 2020).

10.22+		Arrival Incentive Compensation Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.24 to Arrival’s Form 20-F filed with the SEC on March 26, 2021).

10.23##		Product Manufacture and Supply Agreement, dated as of February 20, 2020, by and between Arrival Elements B.V. and LG Chem, Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4/A filed January 21, 2021).

10.24##		Long Term Agreement, dated as of February 20, 2020, by and between ARRIVAL Elements B.V. and LG Chem, Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4/A filed January 21, 2021).

10.25##		First Supplement to the Long Term Agreement, dated as of October 20, 2020, by and between Arrival Elements B.V. and LG Chem, Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4/A filed January 21, 2021).

10.26##		Prepayment Agreement, dated as of February 1, 2021, by and between Arrival Elements B.V. and LG Energy Solution, Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.26 to the Registration Statement on Form F-4/A filed February 16, 2021).

21.1*		List of Subsidiaries of Arrival.

23.1*		Consent of KPMG LLP.

23.2*		Consent of Grant Thornton LLP.

23.3**		Consent of Linklaters (to be included in Exhibit 5.1).

23.4**		Consent of Greenberg Traurig, P.A. (to be included in Exhibit 5.1A).

*	Filed herewith

**	To be filed by amendment.

#	Certain schedules, annexes and exhibits have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K, but will be furnished supplementally to the SEC upon request.

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Certain confidential portions of this exhibit were omitted by means of marking such portions with brackets and asterisks because the identified confidential portions (i) are not material and (ii) would be competitively harmful if publicly disclosed, or constituted personally identifiable information that is not material

+	Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

(b)

Financial Statement Schedules

Schedules have been omitted because the information required to be set forth therein is not applicable or is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.

Item 9. Undertakings.

(a) The undersigned hereby undertakes:

(1)

to file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

(i)

to include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;

(ii)

to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) that, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and

(iii)

to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;

(2)

that for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof;

(3)

to remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering;

(4)

to file a post-effective amendment to the registration statement to include any financial statements required by “Item 8.A. of Form 20-F” at the start of any delayed offering or throughout a continuous offering. Financial statements and information otherwise required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act need not be furnished; provided, that the registrant includes in the prospectus, by means of a post-effective amendment, financial statements required pursuant to this paragraph and other information necessary to ensure that all other information in the prospectus is at least as current as the date of those financial statements; and

(5)

that, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser:

(i)

if the registrant is relying on Rule 430B:

(A)

each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and

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(B)

each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by section 10(a) of the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof; provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date; and

(ii)

if the registrant is subject to Rule 430C, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness; provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.

(b) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

(1)

that for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective; and

(2)

for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form F-1 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg on March 30, 2021.


ARRIVAL

By:		/s/ Denis Sverdlov
Name:		Denis Sverdlov
Title:		Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each of the undersigned individuals hereby severally constitutes and appoints each of Denis Sverdlov, Avinash Rugoobur, Michael Ableson, Tim Holbrow, and Daniel Chin as the attorney-in-fact for the undersigned, in any and all capacities, with full power of substitution, to sign on such person’s behalf, individually and in each capacity stated below, any and all amendments to this registration statement, and any subsequent registration statement filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act, and to file or cause to be filed the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the SEC, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite or necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as such person might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact, and each of them, or his or her substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.


Signature	Capacity	Date

/s/ Denis Sverdlov Denis Sverdlov	Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer)	March 30, 2021

/s/ Tim Holbrow Tim Holbrow	Interim Chief Financial Officer (interim principal financial and accounting officer)	March 30, 2021

/s/ F. Peter Cuneo F. Peter Cuneo	Chairman of the Board	March 30, 2021

/s/ Tawni Nazario-Cranz Tawni Nazario-Cranz	Director	March 30, 2021

/s/ Alain Kinsch Alain Kinsch	Director	March 30, 2021

/s/ Kristen O’Hara Kristen O’Hara	Director	March 30, 2021

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Signature	Capacity	Date

/s/ Jae Oh Jae Oh	Director	March 30, 2021

/s/ Avinash Rugoobur Avinash Rugoobur	Director	March 30, 2021

/s/ Rexford J. Tibbens Rexford J. Tibbens	Director	March 30, 2021

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AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement on Form F-1 has been signed on behalf of the registrant by the undersigned, solely in his capacity as the duly authorized representative of the registrant in the United States, on March 30, 2021.



By:		/s/ Michael Ableson
Name:		Michael Ableson

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