UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
For the quarterly period ended:
or
For the transition period from __________ to __________
Commission File Number:
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation) | (IRS Employer Identification No.) |
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||
| The |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
(1) has filed all reports required to be filed by section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months,
and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405
of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:
| Large accelerated filer | ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
| ☒ | Smaller Reporting Company | ||
| Emerging growth company |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No
As of August 10, 2022, there were
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
i
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Index to the Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
1
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Unaudited)
| June 30, | December 31, | |||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||
| Current assets | ||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accounts Receivable | ||||||||
| Prepaid expenses | ||||||||
| Other current assets | ||||||||
| Fixed assets (net of depreciation) | ||||||||
| Other Assets | ||||||||
| Lease right of use | ||||||||
| Security Deposits | ||||||||
| Intangible Assets | ||||||||
| Goodwill | ||||||||
| Total assets | $ | $ | ||||||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT) | ||||||||
| Current liabilities | ||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | $ | ||||||
| Accrued expenses | ||||||||
| Lease liability | ||||||||
| Dividends payable-preferred | ||||||||
| Loans payable | ||||||||
| Other current liabilities | ||||||||
| Convertible promissory notes | ||||||||
| Total liabilities | ||||||||
| Stockholders’ equity (deficit) | ||||||||
| Common stock, $ | ||||||||
| Preferred stock, $ | ||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | ||||||||
| APIC-Beneficial Conversion Feature in Equity | ||||||||
| APIC-Stock Based Compensation | ||||||||
| Subscription Receivable | ||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Total stockholders’ equity (deficit) | ||||||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity (deficit) | $ | $ | ||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
F-1
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Consolidated Statement of Operations
(Unaudited)
| Six Months Ended | Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
| June 30, | June 30, | |||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||
| Total revenue | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | ||||||||||||||||
| Gross profit | ||||||||||||||||
| Salaries | ||||||||||||||||
| Consulting | ||||||||||||||||
| Research & Development | ||||||||||||||||
| Stock Based Compensation | ||||||||||||||||
| Selling General & Administrative -Other | ||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses | ||||||||||||||||
| Loss from Operations | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||
| Interest Income | ||||||||||||||||
| Interest Expense – Preferred Dividends | ||||||||||||||||
| Interest Expense – Financing Costs | ||||||||||||||||
| Misc. Income | ||||||||||||||||
| Other income (expense) | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||||||||||
| Federal income tax expense | ||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | $ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | ||||
| $ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | |||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
F-2
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Deficit
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
(Unaudited)
| Common Stock | Preferred Stock | Additional Paid in | Accumulated | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| BALANCES, December 31, 2020 | $ | - | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares for cash | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares for services | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock Options | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock based compensation | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| BALANCES, March 31, 2021 | $ | - | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares for cash | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares for services | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock Options | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock based compensation | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | - | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
| BALANCES, June 30, 2021 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these audited financial statements.
F-3
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Deficit
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
(Unaudited)
| Common Stock | Preferred Stock | Additional Paid in | Accumulated | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | Capital | Deficit | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| BALANCES, December 31, 2021 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares for cash | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares for services | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred OID Amortization | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock Options | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock based compensation | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | - | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
| BALANCES, March 31, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of shares for cash | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Conversion of Series A Preferred to Common | ( | ) | ( | ) | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Merger consideration | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Derivatives & Warrants | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Preferred OID Amortization | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock Options | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock based compensation | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | - | - | - | - | - | ( | ) | ( | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
| BALANCES, June 30, 2022 | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these audited financial statements.
F-4
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021
(Unaudited)
| Six Months Ended | ||||||||
| June 30, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Net loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash | ||||||||
| Accounts Receivable | ( | ) | ||||||
| Prepaid Expenses | ( | ) | ||||||
| Depreciation | ||||||||
| Accounts Payable | ||||||||
| Accrued Expenses | ( | ) | ||||||
| Intangibles Amortization | - | |||||||
| Stock Based Compensation | ||||||||
| Preferred Dividends Payable | ||||||||
| Lease Liability and other | ||||||||
| CASH USED IN OPERATING ACTIVITIES | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Fixed Assets – Property and Equipment | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Other Assets – Lease Right to Use | ( | ) | ||||||
| Other Assets – Security Deposits | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Goodwill | ( | ) | ||||||
| Intangible Assets | ( | ) | ||||||
| CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Proceeds from (forgiveness of) loans | ( | ) | ||||||
| Proceeds from stock issuance | ||||||||
| Preferred OID | ||||||||
| Acquisition of QPhoton, Inc. | ||||||||
| CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in cash | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Cash, beginning of period | ||||||||
| Cash, end of period | $ | $ | ||||||
| SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES | ||||||||
| Cash paid for interest | $ | $ | ||||||
| Cash paid for income taxes | $ | $ | ||||||
| NON-CASH INVESTING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Lease Right to Use | $ | ( | ) | $ | ||||
| NON-CASH FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
| Note payable issued in exchange for a Subscription receivable | ||||||||
| Common stock issued for compensation | - | |||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
F-5
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
June 30, 2022
(Unaudited)
Note 1 – Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies:
Organization:
Quantum Computing Inc., formerly known as Innovative Beverage Group Holdings, Inc. a Delaware corporation (the “Company”) was the surviving entity as the result of a merger between Ticketcart, Inc. and Innovative Beverage Group, Inc., both Nevada corporations. Innovative Beverage Group, Inc. was the surviving entity as the result of a merger between Kat-A-Tonic Distributing, Inc., a Texas corporation and United European Holdings, Ltd., a Nevada Corporation. In 2021, the Company established three wholly owned subsidiaries, Qubitech, Inc., Qubittech Federal, Inc. and Qubittech International, Inc., all of which are Delaware corporations. At this time there are no personnel, assets or liabilities associated with any of the subsidiaries. In 2022, the Company established two wholly owned subsidiaries, Project Alpha Merger Sub I, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Merger Sub I”), and Project Alpha Merger Sub II, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Merger Sub II” and, together with Merger Sub I, the “Merger Subs”). Merger Sub I merged with QPhoton, Inc. (“QPhoton”), a Delaware corporation, with QPhoton as the surviving entity as a wholly-owned subsidiary. QPhoton then merged into Merger Sub II with Merger Sub II as the surviving entity. On August 5, 2022, Merger Sub II amended and restated its certificate of formation to change its name to QPhoton, LLC.
History
Quantum Computing Inc. (“QCI” or the
“Company”), was incorporated in the State of Nevada on July 25, 2001 as Ticketcart, Inc. Ticketcart’s original business
plan involved in the sale of ink-jet cartridges online. Ticketcart offered remanufactured and compatible cartridges for Hewlett-Packard,
Epson, Lexmark, and Canon inkjet printers. On July 25, 2007, Ticketcart, Inc. acquired Innovative Beverage Group, Inc. and changed its
name to Innovative Beverage Group Holdings, Inc. (“IBGH”) to better reflect its business operations at the time which was
beverage distribution and product development. In 2013, IBGH ceased operations. On May 22, 2017, one of IBGH’s shareholders, William
Alessi (the “Plaintiff”), filed suit against the Company alleging “(1) fraud; and (2) breach of fiduciary duties of
care, loyalty and good faith to the Corporation’s shareholders.” Mr. Alessi’s complaint alleged that the officers
and directors of IBGH had abandoned it and allowed the Company’s assets to be wasted, causing injury to the Company and its shareholders.
Mr. Alessi sought damages of $
On August 28, 2017, the North Carolina Court,
Superior Court Division (the “North Carolina Court”), entered a default judgment for Plaintiff and appointed an exclusive
Receiver (the “Receiver”) over the Company. The default judgment provided that Innovative Beverage Group Holdings, Inc. was
(i) to issue to the Plaintiff
On January 22, 2018, while the Company was in
receivership, the Company (acting through the court-appointed receiver in her capacity as CEO and sole Director of the Company) sold
On June 16, 2022 the Company merged with QPhoton
in a stock for stock exchange, pursuant to which the shareholders of QPhoton will own
F-6
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
June 30, 2022
(Unaudited)
Nature of Business
The Company is a developer of full stack quantum computing systems, including hardware platforms and ready-to-run software for complex optimization computations. The Company was founded in 2018 by leaders in supercomputing, mathematics, and massively parallel programming to solve the enormous challenge with quantum computing in terms of the high cost and lengthy times required for quantum software development. While much of the market focuses on Quantum Processing Unit (QPU) hardware, QCI’s experts realized that the quantum marketplace and vendors were limiting access to quantum computers due to the complexity of programming them. At the present time, only a very limited number of highly specialized quantum experts are able to use software development toolkits (“SDKs”) to create these critical programs and applications. The Company’s software solution, Qatalyst, enables subject matter experts (SMEs) to run existing software on quantum processing units without the need for specialized programming with SDKs.
Significant Accounting Policies:
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation:
The Company prepares its consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) as determined by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”). The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its controlled subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. The accompanying audited Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2021, and the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP for interim financial information, the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Our significant accounting policies are summarized in Note 1 to our audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited, financial statements contain all adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2022, and the cash flows and results of operations for the three months then ended. Such adjustments consisted only of normal recurring items. The results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results for subsequent periods.
The Company’s fiscal year end is December 31.
Use of Estimates:
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Because a precise determination of assets and liabilities, and correspondingly revenues and expenses, depends on future events, the preparation of financial statements for any period necessarily involves the use of estimates and assumption an example being assumptions in valuation of stock options. Actual amounts may differ from these estimates. These financial statements have, in management’s opinion, been properly prepared within reasonable limits of materiality and within the framework of the accounting policies summarized below.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company maintains its cash, in deposit accounts with high quality financial institutions which, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to significant credit risk on cash.
Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
The Company records accounts receivable at their net realizable value. Periodically the Company evaluates its accounts receivable to establish an allowance for doubtful accounts, when deemed necessary, based on the history of past write-offs, collections and current credit conditions. As of June 30, 2022 accounts receivable were considered fully collectible and thus management has not recorded an allowance for doubtful accounts.
F-7
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
June 30, 2022
(Unaudited)
Revenue
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC 606 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Revenue from time and materials-based contracts is recognized as the direct hours worked during the period times the contractual hourly rate, plus direct materials and other direct costs as appropriate, plus negotiated materials handling burdens, if any. Revenue from units-based contracts is recognized as the number of units delivered or performed during the period times the contractual unit price. Revenue from fixed price contracts is recognized as work is performed with estimated profits recorded on a percentage of completion basis. The Company has no cost-plus type contracts at this time.
Operating Leases - ASC 842
On January 1, 2019, we adopted FASB Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC, Topic 842, Leases (“ASC 842”) which requires the recognition of the right-of-use assets and relating operating and finance lease liabilities on the balance sheet. As permitted by ASC 842, we elected the adoption date of January 1, 2019, which is the date of initial application. As a result, the consolidated balance sheet prior to January 1, 2019 was not restated, continues to be reported under ASC Topic 840, Leases (“ASC 840”), which did not require the recognition of operating lease liabilities on the balance sheet, and is therefore not comparative. Under ASC 842, all leases are required to be recorded on the balance sheet and are classified as either operating leases or finance leases. The lease classification affects the expense recognition in the income statement. Operating lease charges are recorded entirely in operating expenses. Finance lease charges are split, where amortization of the right-of-use asset is recorded in operating expenses and an implied interest component is recorded in interest expense. The expense recognition for operating leases and finance leases under ASC 842 is substantially consistent with ASC 840. As a result, there is no significant difference in our results of operations presented in our consolidated income statement and consolidated statement of comprehensive income for each period presented.
We lease substantially all our office space used to conduct our business. For contracts entered into on or after the effective date, at the inception of a contract we assess whether the contract is, or contains, a lease. Our assessment is based on (1) whether the contract involves the use of a distinct identified asset, (2) whether we obtain the right to substantially all the economic benefit from the use of the asset throughout the period, and (3) whether we have the right to direct the use of the asset. At inception of a lease, we allocate the consideration in the contract to each lease component based on its relative stand-alone price to determine the lease payments. Leases entered into prior to January 1, 2019 are accounted for under ASC 840 and were not reassessed.
Leases are classified as either finance leases or operating leases. A lease is classified as a finance lease if any one of the following criteria are met: (1) the lease transfers ownership of the asset by the end of the lease term, (2) the lease contains an option to purchase the asset that is reasonably certain to be exercised, (3) the lease term is for a major part of the remaining useful life of the asset or (4) the present value of the lease payments equals or exceeds substantially all of the fair value of the asset. A lease is classified as an operating lease if it does not meet any one of these criteria. Substantially all our operating leases are comprised of office space leases and as of December 31, 2021 and June 30, 2022 we had no finance leases.
For all leases at the lease commencement date, a right-of-use asset and a lease liability are recognized. The right-of-use asset represents the right to use the leased asset for the lease term. The lease liability represents the present value of the lease payments under the lease. The Company is currently leasing space in three locations, Leesburg, VA, Minneapolis, MN and Hoboken, NJ, and we have recognized right-of-use assets and lease liabilities accordingly.
F-8
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
June 30, 2022
(Unaudited)
The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which primarily comprises the initial amount of the lease liability, plus any initial direct costs incurred, consisting mainly of brokerage commissions, less any lease incentives received. All right-of-use assets are reviewed for impairment. The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease, or if that rate cannot be readily determined, our secured incremental borrowing rate for the same term as the underlying lease. For our real estate and other operating leases, we use our secured incremental borrowing rate. For our finance leases, we use the rate implicit in the lease or our secured incremental borrowing rate if the implicit lease rate cannot be determined.
Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise the following: the fixed noncancelable lease payments, payments for optional renewal periods where it is reasonably certain the renewal period will be exercised, and payments for early termination options unless it is reasonably certain the lease will not be terminated early.
Lease expense for operating leases consists of the lease payments plus any initial direct costs, primarily brokerage commissions, and is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
Property and Equipment
Research and Development Costs
Research and development costs include costs directly attributable to the conduct of research and development programs, including the cost of services provided by outside contractors, acquiring work-in-progress intellectual property, development, and mandatory compliance fees and contractual obligations. All costs associated with research and development are expensed as incurred.
Stock Based Compensation
The Company has adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2018-07, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting. ASU 2018-07 expands the scope of Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees. An entity should apply the requirements of Topic 718 to nonemployee awards except for specific guidance on inputs to an option pricing model and the attribution of cost. ASU 2018-07 specifies that Topic 718 applies to all share-based payment transactions in which a grantor acquires goods or services to be used or consumed in a grantor’s own operations by issuing share-based payment awards, and that Topic 718 does not apply to share based payments used to effectively provide (1) financing to the issuer or (2) awards granted in conjunction with selling goods or services to customers as part of a contract accounted for under Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers
Stock-based compensation expense is recorded for all option grants and awards of non-vested stock and recognized in the financial statements based on the grant date fair value of the awards granted. Stock-based compensation is recognized as expense over the requisite service period, which generally represents the vesting period. The Company calculates the fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model at grant date.
Net Loss Per Share:
Net loss per share is based on the weighted average number of common shares and common shares equivalents outstanding during the period.
F-9
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
June 30, 2022
(Unaudited)
Note 2 – Federal Income Taxes:
The Company has made no provision for income taxes because there have been no operations to date causing income for financial statements or tax purposes.
The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) has issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards Number 109 (“SFAS 109”). “Accounting for Income Taxes”, which requires a change from the deferred method to the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. Under the asset and liability method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the tax consequences of “temporary differences” by applying enacted statutory tax rates applicable to future years to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of existing assets and liabilities.
| June 30, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Net operating loss carry-forwards | $ | $ | ||||||
| Valuation allowance | ( |
) | ( |
) | ||||
| Net deferred tax assets | $ | $ | ||||||
At June 30, 2022, the Company had net operating
loss carry forwards of approximately $
The Company experienced a change in control during the 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2022 calendar years and therefore no more than an insignificant portion of this net operating allowance will ever be used against future taxable income. FASB Codification ASC 740 requires changes in recognition and measurement for uncertain tax positions. The Company has analyzed its tax positions and concluded that it is not aware of any uncertain tax positions. If this conclusion changes, the Company will assess the impact of any such changes on its financial position and the results of operations.
Note 3 – Financial Accounting Developments:
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity, as part of its overall simplification initiative to reduce costs and complexity of applying accounting standards while maintaining or improving the usefulness of the information provided to users of financial statements. Among other changes, the new guidance removes from GAAP separation models for convertible debt that require the convertible debt to be separated into a debt and equity component, unless the conversion feature is required to be bifurcated and accounted for as a derivative or the debt is issued at a substantial premium. As a result, after adopting the guidance, entities will no longer separately present such embedded conversion features in equity, and will instead account for the convertible debt wholly as debt. The new guidance also requires use of the “if-converted” method when calculating the dilutive impact of convertible debt on earnings per share, which is consistent with the Company’s current accounting treatment under the current guidance. The guidance is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted, but only at the beginning of the fiscal year. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2020-06 will have on its financial position, results of operations and disclosures.
Except for the changes discussed above, Quantum has consistently applied the accounting policies to all periods presented in these unaudited consolidated financial statements. The Company has evaluated all recently implemented accounting standards and concluded that none currently apply to the Company. From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) or other standard setting bodies that the Company adopts as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, the Company does not believe that the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations upon adoption.
F-10
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
June 30, 2022
(Unaudited)
Note 4 – Property and Equipment
| June 30, | December 31, | |||||||
| Classification | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||
| Hardware & Equipment | $ | $ | ||||||
| Software | ||||||||
| Total cost of property and equipment | ||||||||
| Accumulated depreciation | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
| Property and equipment, net | $ | $ | ||||||
The Company acquired $
Note 5 –Loans
Paycheck Protection Program Loan
In early 2020, an outbreak of the novel strain of coronavirus (COVID-19) emerged globally. In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak to be a global pandemic, which continues to spread throughout the United States. Subsequently, federal, state and local authorities issued mandates for social distancing and working from home to delay the spread of the coronavirus, resulting in an overall decline in economic activity for several years. Some of the mandates have been lifted, but the ultimate impact of COVID-19 on the Company is not reasonably estimable at this time and the Company has not recorded any reserves relating to potential COVID-19 financial impacts.
On March 27, 2020, the United States enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”), administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration (the “SBA”) as a response to the economic uncertainty resulting from COVID-19. Congress amended the CARES Act on December 27, 2020. The CARES Act established the Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP”) to loan money to small businesses to enable them to continue to meet payroll obligations in the face of business interruptions and loss of revenue due to COVID-19 related restrictions.
On May 6, 2020, the Company executed an unsecured
promissory note (the “Note”) with BB&T/Truist Bank N.A. to evidence a loan to the Company in the amount of $
In accordance with the requirements of the CARES Act, the Company used the proceeds from the PPP Loan exclusively for qualified expenses under the PPP, including payroll costs, mortgage interest, rent and utility costs. The Company applied for forgiveness of the entire PPP Loan balance, and in June 2021 the SBA informed the Company that the full balance of the PPP Loan had been forgiven, along with accrued interest. Upon notification from the SBA that the PPP Loan balance had been forgiven, the Company reclassified the PPP Loan balance to other income.
F-11
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
June 30, 2022
(Unaudited)
Note Purchase Agreement – the Company and QPhoton
On February 18, 2022, the Company entered into
a Note Purchase Agreement (the “Note Purchase Agreement”) with QPhoton, pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase from
QPhoton two unsecured promissory notes (each, a “Note”), each in the principal amount of $
Notes Payable – BV Advisory Partners, LLC
On March 1, 2021, QPhoton entered into a Note Purchase Agreement with BV Advisory Partners, LLC (“BV Advisory”). Under the Note Purchase Agreement, on March 1, 2021, March 23, 2021 and July 9, 2021, QPhoton and BV Advisory, a related party shareholder, entered into convertible promissory notes for $200,592, $150,000, and $150,000, respectively, for a total of $500,592 (the “BV Notes”). The BV Notes all bore interest at a rate of 6% per annum and matured 2 years from the grant date. However, QPhoton only received approximately $375,000 in cash proceeds as $125,041 was paid by BV Advisory directly to The Trustees of the Stevens Institute of Technology (“Stevens Institute”) on behalf of QPhoton, to satisfy QPhoton’s obligations to reimburse costs incurred under the terms of their patent License agreement with the Stevens Institute.
On June 16, 2022 QPhoton tendered a cashier’s
check to BV Advisory in the amount of $
Note 6 – Capital Stock:
Series A Convertible Preferred Offering
From November 10, 2021 through November 17, 2021,
the Company conducted a private placement offering (the “Private Placement”) pursuant to securities purchase agreements (the
“Purchase Agreements”) with 7 accredited investors (the “Preferred Investors”), whereby the Preferred Investors
purchased from the Company an aggregate of
F-12
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
June 30, 2022
(Unaudited)
The number of shares of Common Stock issuable
upon conversion of any share of Series A Preferred Stock pursuant shall be determined by dividing (x) the Conversion Amount of such share
of Series A Preferred Stock by (y) the Conversion Price (the “Conversion Rate”). Conversion Amount means, with respect to
each share of Series A Preferred Stock, as of the applicable date of determination, the sum of (1) the Stated Value thereof plus (2) any
accrued dividends. “Conversion Price” means, with respect to each share of Series A Preferred Stock, as of any Optional Conversion
Date, Mandatory Conversion Date or other date of determination, $
The Warrants are two-year warrants to purchase
shares of the Company’s Common Stock at an exercise price of $
In connection with the Purchase Agreement, the Company and the Preferred Investors entered into a registration rights agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) pursuant to which the Company agreed to file a registration statement to register the shares of the Company’s Common Stock underlying the Series A Preferred Stock and Warrants within 180 days. Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, the Investors received certain rights, including but not limited to piggyback registration rights, providing that the holder be given notice of any proposed registration of securities by the Company, and requiring that the Company register all or any portion of the registrable securities that the holders request to be registered, in each case, subject to the terms and conditions of the Registration Rights Agreement.
On April 27, 2022 the Company filed a Resale Form S-3 as required by the Registration Rights Agreement with the Preferred Investors, pursuant to which the Company agreed to file a registration statement to register the shares of the Company’s Common Stock underlying the Series A Preferred Stock and Warrants within 180 days from the Closing of the Preferred investment round. The Resale Form S-3 went effective on June 2, 2022.
Merger with QPhoton, Inc.
On May 19, 2022, the Company, the Merger Subs, QPhoton, and Yuping Huang, the principal stockholder of QPhoton (“Mr. Huang”), entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to acquire QPhoton through a series of merger transactions (collectively with the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, the “Transactions”). On June 16, 2022, all conditions precedent having been met or waived by the Parties, the Company Closed the Transaction with QPhoton.
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, immediately
following the closing of the Transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (the “Closing”), Merger Sub I merged with and
into QPhoton, with QPhoton surviving the merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, immediately after which the surviving corporation
merged with and into Merger Sub II, with Merger Sub II surviving the merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (the “Surviving
Company”).
On June 13, 2022 one of the investors in the Series
A Convertible Preferred financing round, Falcon Capital Partners, converted
Note 7 – Related Party Transactions
There were no related party transactions during the period ended June 30, 2022.
F-13
QUANTUM COMPUTING INC.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
June 30, 2022
(Unaudited)
Note 8 – Employee Benefits:
The Company offers a health and welfare benefit
plan to current full time employees that provides medical, dental, vision, life and disability benefits.
Note 9 – License Agreement – Stevens Institute of Technology
Effective December 17th, 2020, QPhoton signed a License Agreement with the Stevens Institute. The License Agreement enables the Company to commercially use technology such as licensed patents, licensed patent applications and licensed “Know-How”. QPhoton is also able to issue sublicenses for the technology under the agreement. The agreement is effective until the later of: (i) the 30-year anniversary of the effective date, or (ii) the expiration of the licensed patent or licensed patent application that is last to expire. As part of the merger of the Company and QPhoton, the Stevens License Agreement was assigned to the Company.
During the term of the agreement and prior to any commercialization or sublicensing of the technology by the Company, the Company shall be required to submit annual reports to the Stevens Institute reporting on all research, development, and efforts toward commercialization and/or sublicensing made during the year. Once any commercialization and/or sublicensing has been initiated, the Company shall deliver quarterly reports to the Stevens Institute reporting on the revenue received by the Company, all sublicenses derived from the sale of licensed products, and the net sales price associated with each transaction. The Company will be responsible for reimbursing Stevens for any costs associated with the prosecution and maintenance of the licensed patents and licensed patent applications moving forward.
Consideration for the agreement
As consideration for the license and other rights granted under the agreement, QPhoton agreed to pay the following: (i) $35,000 within 30 days of execution of the agreement, (ii) $28,000 within 30 days of each annual anniversary of the effective date, (iii) equity in the Company equivalent to nine percent of the membership units of the Company within 30 days of the execution of the agreement, and (iv) royalties of 3.5% of the Net Sales Price of each licensed product sold or licensed by the company during the quarter then-ended, for which it also received payment, concurrent with the delivery of the relevant quarterly report.
As of June 30, 2022 the Company has not yet begun to commercialize or sublicense any of the licensed technology and therefore does not owe the Stevens Institute any royalties.
Note 10 - Subsequent Events:
On July 1, 2022, the Company entered into an amended five-year lease agreement with Hoboken Associates, L.P. for a facility in Hoboken, New Jersey, to be used for QPhoton operations. The amended lease replaces a lease entered into between QPhoton and Hoboken Associates, L.P. on May 5, 2022.
On July 5, 2022 Yuping Huang tendered the required
documents pursuant to the Merger Agreement to exchange his shares in QPhoton for equity in the Company. The Company issued to Yuping Huang
On June 16, 2022 QPhoton tendered a cashier’s check BV Advisory in the amount of $, representing the full principal balance of the BV Notes and accrued interest through June 16, 2022. On July 14, 2022 BV Advisory returned the cashier’s check and disputed the calculation of the amount paid to settle the Notes.
On August 2, 2022, the Company filed a preliminary
proxy statement with the SEC with respect to an annual meeting of the stockholders of the Company to be held to elect directors and conduct
other routine business of the Company. In addition, pursuant to
There are no other events of a subsequent nature that in management’s opinion are reportable.
F-14
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,
This quarterly report on Form 10-Q and other reports filed Quantum Computing, Inc. (the “Company” “we”, “our”, and “us”) from time to time with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) contain or may contain forward-looking statements and information that are based upon beliefs of, and information currently available to, the Company’s management as well as estimates and assumptions made by Company’s management. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which are only predictions and speak only as of the date hereof. When used in the filings, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “future,” “intend,” “plan,” or the negative of these terms and similar expressions as they relate to the Company or the Company’s management identify forward-looking statements. Such statements reflect the current view of the Company with respect to future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties, assumptions, and other factors, including the risks contained in the “Risk Factors” section of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, relating to the Company’s industry, the Company’s operations and results of operations, and any businesses that the Company may acquire. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should the underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may differ significantly from those anticipated, believed, estimated, expected, intended, or planned.
Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, the Company cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements. Except as required by applicable law, including the securities laws of the United States, the Company does not intend to update any of the forward-looking statements to conform these statements to actual results.
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). These accounting principles require us to make certain estimates, judgments and assumptions. We believe that the estimates, judgments and assumptions upon which we rely are reasonable based upon information available to us at the time that these estimates, judgments and assumptions are made. These estimates, judgments and assumptions can affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the consolidated financial statements as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. Our financial statements would be affected to the extent there are material differences between these estimates and actual results. In many cases, the accounting treatment of a particular transaction is specifically dictated by GAAP and does not require management’s judgment in its application. There are also areas in which management’s judgment in selecting any available alternative would not produce a materially different result. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this report.
Overview
The Company is focused on providing full-stack quantum computing systems. We believe there is significant business opportunity in the quantum computing industry, and that the quantum computing has the potential to disrupt several global industries. Independent of when quantum computing delivers compelling performance advantage over classical computing, the software tools and applications necessary for accelerating real-world problems must be developed to deliver on quantum computing’s full promise.
Quantum computing is a fundamentally new paradigm compared with conventional silicon-based computing, requiring a new and highly technical set of skills to create the software that will drive quantum results. Organizations seeking to gain advantage from the promise of quantum technology must acquire and develop skills in quantum mechanics, mathematics and physics, and a deep knowledge of the ever-changing quantum hardware. The pool of people with those skills today is limited and in high demand.
In order to address the steep learning curve and highly particular skillset associated with quantum computing, the Company is developing “quantum ready” software applications and solutions for commercial and government entities looking to leverage the expected future performance of quantum computing. We are focused on being an enabler – creating software that provides the advantages of advanced computing hardware for forward-thinking clients.
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By reducing the barriers to adoption for commercial and government entities in using quantum computing technologies to solve their most complex problems, we believe our products will accelerate quantum technology adoption similar to the adoption curve that has been witnessed with artificial intelligence. To this end, we are leveraging our collective expertise in finance, computing, mathematics and physics to develop a suite of applications that may enable global industries to utilize quantum computers, quantum annealers and digital simulators to improve their processes, profitability, and security.
The Company’s flagship software solution, Qatalyst, is the industry’s only quantum application accelerator. It ensures that today’s SMEs can continue to create and solve the complex computations demanded by organizations to optimize supply chains, logistics, emergency responses, clinical trials, and more. Qatalyst software masks the complexity of quantum programming via the Q API (Qatalyst Application Programming Interface), a powerful API comprised of six function calls for complex computations. Instead of spending months or years developing new applications and workflows requiring complex and extremely low-level coding, users or applications can submit a problem to Qatalyst after licensing the software, via the Q API. In practice, users have utilized Qatalyst’s simple API and familiar constructs to solve their first complex problem within a week, as compared to the 6-12 months or more associated with writing a single quantum software program using vendor toolkits.
The Company is focused on solving real-world problems with Qatalyst, including supply chain and logistics optimization and crisis management, as well as community detection opportunities such as drug discovery and fraud detection.
The Company is actively partnering with quantum computing leaders in both hardware and software. As an Amazon AWS partner, the Company uses the AWS Braket service to connect to multiple quantum computers, including Rigetti, DWave, and IonQ. The same problem can be submitted to any of these QPUs or classical processing units (CPUs) with no need for API call changes. Users seamlessly can submit the same problem to diverse quantum computers (QPUs) to determine which QPU will provide the best answers to their complex problem.
Strategy
While the majority of the quantum computing market is focused on quantum computing hardware, the Company realized the traditional software development toolkit (“SDK”) approach to creating quantum computing software is poorly suited for non-quantum experts, given the completely new programming paradigm.
This represents a significant barrier to entry for companies looking to leverage novel quantum computing capabilities for their business needs. Utilizing quantum computers for real-world problems requires an abstract blend of a wide range of computing and non-computing expertise, including:
| ● | Subject Matter Expertise (SME): As with any problem, the first step is for a business expert to rigorously define and describe what information and/or results the business requires. |
| ● | Programming Excellence: In the classical computing world, a programmer will take the problem defined by a SME (subject matter expert) and implement it using standardized applications to run on the computer. In quantum computing, programmers are required to explicitly program it for the quantum computer they have access to, requiring a deep understanding of sophisticated areas of expertise as described below. |
| ● | Mathematics: The problems that are attractive for being solved using quantum computers require significant mathematical expertise to a) optimize the data and problem for quantum computers, b) create the quantum-specific algorithms and formulas required to solve the problem, c) iterate upon the results in a way that optimizes the performance, cost and quality of result. Mathematics is at the core of the many steps involved in quantum computing for optimizing, compressing and applying algorithms to the data for obtaining truly optimal results. |
| ● | Quantum Mechanics: Quantum computing demands deep knowledge of the principles driving the computing itself. Unlike classical computers which utilize 0 or 1 bits, quantum computers utilize qubits, which leverage concepts of quantum mechanics such as probabilistic computation, superposition, and entanglement. Experts much understand these concepts to create the algorithms necessary to solve problems on a quantum computer. They must know how to “map” problems and their associated data into problems that are optimized in the specific way required for a quantum computer to accept and process the problem. |
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| ● | Quantum Hardware Knowledge: QPUs (Quantum Processing Units) require that programmers manage the configuration, actions, and overall operations of all the underlying circuits utilized in solving the problem. For example, the programming to configure and access QPUs is low level and extremely complicated. This coding is proprietary to each vendor’s QPU idiosyncratic requirements, not to mention, unique to the specific count and version of QPUs in the system, right now. When the system is expended or a QPU upgraded, all the code has to be rewritten. |
As one would expect given the dramatic differences in quantum computer hardware architectures currently under development, quantum software requires a dramatic shift from classic software. A user would have to literally have to create every single circuit, gate, algorithm, action and process in low level software. Moreover, the collective requirements imposed upon companies looking to utilize quantum computers can require a training period of a year or longer, even for a highly qualified subject matter expert. Consequently, the time, difficult and expense of hiring such a diverse and deeply knowledgeable team to create quantum applications and workflows limits any organization’s ability to move forward quickly with the power of quantum computing.
The Company’s strategic goals are as follows:
| 1) | Deliver production-ready software and the required quantum hardware in the cloud that de-risks the shift to quantum computing and makes it simple and cost effective for organizations to begin leveraging quantum computing. |
| 2) | Empower SMEs and programmers to access the power of quantum computing without the prerequisite quantum expertise. |
| 3) | Eliminate the vendor lock-in created by the low-level coding required for individual QPUs by allowing users to freely select the best QPU for their specific problem with no low-level coding or programming changes. |
| 4) | Deliver the best performance results (speed, quality and diversity) at the lowest cost for our users. |
Products and Products in Development
Qatalyst
Qatalyst is our answer to the current state of the quantum computing industry. As the industry’s first publicly available Quantum Application Accelerator, Qatalyst enables developers to create and execute quantum-ready applications on conventional computers, while being ready to run on quantum computers where those systems achieve performance advantage. Qatalyst performs the complex problem transformations necessary to be executed on a variety of quantum platforms today, and users can call upon the same Qatalyst APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) to achieve optimization performance advantages on conventional computers using our cloud-based solution.
Qatalyst dramatically reduces the time-to-quality results and the associated costs for both conventional and quantum computers. Unlike more common toolsets that require deep level quantum expertise to build new quantum problems and workflows, Qatalyst is not a tool kit, but a complete platform. It accelerates performance and results on classic and quantum computers, with no additional quantum programming or quantum computing expertise required. This is why it is unique in its approach to the quantum computing industry. Instead of invoking a team of quantum specialists to transform an optimization problem, an SME or programmer submits their current problem via a software API to the Qatalyst cloud-based platform. Qatalyst manages the workflow, optimizations, and results, without any further intervention by the user. Qatalyst provides a unique advantage to reduce applications development risks and costs by eliminating the need for scarce high-end quantum programmers.
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Qatalyst is integrated with the Amazon Cloud BRAKET API, offering access to multiple Quantum Processing Units (“QPUs”) including DWave, Rigetti, and IonQ. Qatalyst also integrates directly with IBM’s QPUs.
By using Qatalyst, application developers can run their applications on any or all of the available QPUs by merely selecting which QPU they prefer to run on based on the desired performance results of the application. We believe this provides a substantial advantage over any other toolkit or platform in the market today. These advantages are significant not just for application developers but for any company that is considering using or exploring quantum computing technology for business applications.
Qatalyst also eliminates the need for the low-level hardware programming expertise required by toolkits. This programming is time consuming and must be updated constantly as QPUs evolve and change, resulting in significant development costs. Qatalyst automatically optimizes the same problem submitted by a SME for multiple Quantum and Conventional Processors. The SME or programmer selects one, or many, processing resources and the problem is submitted by Qatalyst. This is an enormous advantage over any tool set in the market today. These advantages are significant not just for application developers but for any company that is considering using or exploring quantum computing technology for business applications.
The Company’s innovative Qatalyst software masks the complexity of quantum programming via the Q API, a powerful six call API that users can learn in a day. Instead of spending months or years developing new applications and workflows requiring complex and extremely low-level coding, users, workflows or applications can immediately submit a problem to Qatalyst within a day, using the same familiar constructs they use right now, via the Q API. Users have utilized Qatalyst’s simple API and familiar constructs to solve their first complex problem within a week, as compared to the 6-12 months associated with quantum software toolkits.
Qatalyst Features
Today, SMEs can leverage the power of Qatalyst to solve high-value discrete optimization problems present in banking & finance, insurance underwriting, life sciences (bio/pharma), oil & gas, logistics & supply chain and cybersecurity. Currently, Qatalyst offers the following features:
| ● | Quantum-ready engines tuned for complex computations. These engines automatically optimize, submit, and iterate to return excellent, diverse results for supply chain and other constrained optimization problems. |
| ● | Transparent abstraction from quantum hardware variance. Qatalyst eliminates the need to write low-level, assembly-type code to support different vendors’ quantum hardware architectures, such as D-Wave, Rigetti, IBM and ION-Q. The same problem can run seamlessly across all quantum types and architectures. |
| ● | Qatalyst Core: an engine that utilizes sophisticated mathematics, quantum transformation and iterative processing to find highly optimal answers across both classic and quantum computers. For example, LaGrange multipliers, which work to compress and simplify the problem prior to constraint optimization. The Core applies these advanced mathematical techniques, based on the type of problem and processing required. |
| ● | QGraph: a powerful transformation engine that empowers SMEs to submit and analyze graph models as part of their complex optimizations. QGraph accepts familiar graph models and functions including Clique Cover, Community Detection and Partitioning. |
| ● | QAmplify: a suite of quantum software technologies that expands the processing power of any current quantum computer by as much as twenty times. QAmplify is capable of supercharging any quantum computer to solve real-world realistic business problems, and is designed to work on gate model quantum computers as well as quantum annealers. | |
| ● | Qontrol: a portal that provides administrative management tools for user administration, request control, statuses and alerts. Qontrol also enables system administrators and users to import Qatalyst results into popular analysis applications such as Excel or Tableau. |
Entropy Quantum Computer
The Entropy Quantum Computer (EQC) is based on the principal that photons are intrinsically stable. Quantization of stable, photonic states can be achieved by coupling to the noise and loss from the “vacuum fluctuations” in the quantum environment (The Entropy). This approach runs completely counter to those being developed with other atom / ion-based systems. The quantum vacuum states are ubiquitous and can be used to capture every possible outcome in a very large system with many configurations, simultaneously, making the approach ideal for fast and accurate computations in optimization problems. The EQC consists of a rich manifold of quantum states that are fully connected through quantum entanglement and allows for unprecedented problem-solving scale and speed.
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Reservoir Quantum Computer
Reservoir computing is a framework for computation derived from recurrent neural network theory, which maps input signals into higher dimensional computational spaces through the dynamics of a fixed, non-linear system called a reservoir. The input signal is fed into the reservoir, which is treated as a "black box”. A simple readout mechanism is trained to read the state of the reservoir and convert it to the desired output. There are several key benefits to this framework. The first key benefit of this framework is that training is performed only at the readout stage, as the reservoir dynamics are fixed. This makes the data training process very fast, since there is no recursive back projection of trained data through the reservoir. The second is that the computational power of naturally available systems, both classical and quantum mechanical, can be conveniently utilized to reduce the effective computational cost.
Results of Operations
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 vs. June 30, 2021
Revenues
| For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 | For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 | |||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Amount | Mix | Amount | Mix | Change | |||||||||||||||
| Products | 0 | 0 | % | 0 | 0 | % | 0 | % | ||||||||||||
| Services | 65,484 | 100 | % | 0 | 0 | % | 100 | % | ||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 65,484 | 100 | % | $ | 0 | 100.0 | % | 100 | % | ||||||||||
Revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2022 were $65,484 as compared with $0 for the comparable prior year period. There is no revenue comparison for the comparable prior year period because the Company had not yet sold any products or services. Revenue in the current reporting period is derived from professional services provided to multiple commercial customers under multi-month contracts.
Cost of Revenues
Cost of revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2022 was $5,233 as compared with $0 for the comparable prior year period. There is no cost of revenues comparison for the comparable prior year period because the Company had not yet sold any products or services. Cost of revenues for the current reporting period consists primarily of salary expense.
Gross Margin
Gross margin for the three months ended June 30, 2022 was $60,251 or 92% as compared with 0% for the comparable prior year period. There is no gross margin comparison for the comparable prior year period because the Company had not yet sold any products or services.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2022 were $4,868,615 as compared with $4,328,701for the comparable prior year period, an increase of $539,914 or 12%. The increase in operating expenses is due in large part to the $1,144,434 increase in legal expense related to investment transaction expenses, $849,878 increase in salary expense due to changes in the number and composition of staff, $457,714 increase in other SG&A costs, $284,752 increase in research and development expenses related primarily to hiring additional technical staff, $27,279 increase in consultant and professional services expense, and $2,224,143 decrease in stock-based compensation compared with the comparable prior year period.
Net Income (Loss)
Our net loss for the three months ended June 30, 2022 was $5,104,576 as compared with a net loss of $4,108,719 for the comparable prior year period, an increase of $995,857 or 24%. The increase in net loss is primarily due to the increase in operating expenses, noted above, as well as $329,375 increase in interest expense related to dividends and amortization of the Original Issue Discount for the Series A Convertible Preferred and Warrants recorded during the three months ended June 30, 2022 compared with interest expense of $0 during the comparable prior year period, and $218,371 decrease in other income associated with the forgiveness of the SBA PPP Loan during the three months ended June 30th, 2021.
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Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 vs. June 30, 2021
Revenues
| For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 | For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 | |||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | Amount | Mix | Amount | Mix | Change | |||||||||||||||
| Products | 0 | 0 | % | 0 | 0 | % | 0 | % | ||||||||||||
| Services | $ | 96,724 | 100.0 | % | 0 | 0 | % | 0 | % | |||||||||||
| Total | $ | 96,724 | 100.0 | % | $ | 0 | 100.0 | % | 0 | % | ||||||||||
Revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2022 were $96,724 as compared with $0 for the comparable prior year period. There is no revenue comparison for the comparable prior year period because the Company had not yet sold any products or services. Revenue in the current reporting period is derived from professional services provided to multiple commercial customers under multi-month contracts.
Cost of Revenues
Cost of revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $16,800 as compared with $0 for the comparable prior year period. There is no cost of revenues comparison for the comparable prior year period because the Company had not yet sold any products or services. Cost of revenues for the current reporting period consists primarily of salary expense.
Gross Margin
Gross margin for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $79,924 or 83% as compared with $0 for the comparable prior year period. There is no gross margin comparison for the comparable prior year period because the Company had not yet sold any products or services.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2022 were $11,597,219 as compared with $7,721,830 for the comparable prior year period, an increase of $3,875,388 or 50%. The increase in operating expenses is due to the $692,894 increase in research and development expenses and a $1,121,509 decrease in stock-based compensation expense in the first half of 2022 compared with the comparable period in 2021. In addition, changes in the number and composition of staff resulted in a $1,727,636 increase in salary and benefit expenses, $607,785 increase in other SG&A costs and a $85,691 increase in consulting expenses compared to the comparable prior year period, largely related to an increased focus on sales and marketing. There was an increase in legal fees of $1,882,891 in the six months ended June 30, 2022 compared with the comparable period in 2021 due to the costs of the merger with QPhoton.
Net Income (Loss)
Our net loss for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $12,238,268 as compared with a net loss of $7,500,466 for the comparable prior year period, an increase of $4,737,802 or 63%. The increase in net loss is primarily due to the increase in operating expenses, noted above, as well as $765,000 increase in interest expense related to dividends and amortization of the Original Issue Discount for the Series A Convertible Preferred and Warrants recorded during the six months ended June 30, 2022 compared with interest expense of $0 during the comparable prior year period, and $218,371 decrease in other income associated with the forgiveness of the SBA PPP Loan during the three months ended June 30th, 2021.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Since commencing operations as Quantum Computing in February 2018, the Company has raised $27,759,904 through private placement of equity and $5,133,000 through private placements of Convertible Promissory Notes for a total of $32,892,904 in new investment. The Company has no lines of credit, and no long-term debt obligations outstanding. As of June 30, 2022, the Company had cash and equivalents of $on hand.
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The following table summarizes total current assets, liabilities and working capital at June 30, 2022, compared to December 31, 2021:
| June 30, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | Increase/(Decrease) | ||||||||||
| Current Assets | $ | 7,250,401 | $ | 17,221,654 | $ | (9,971,253 | ) | |||||
| Current Liabilities | $ | 1,298,851 | $ | 1,082,298 | $ | 216,553 | ||||||
| Working Capital (Deficit) | $ | 5,951,550 | $ | 16,139,357 | $ | (10,187,807 | ) | |||||
At June 30, 2022, we had working capital of $5,951,550 as compared to working capital of $16,139,357 at December 31, 2021, a decrease of $10,187,807. The decrease in working capital is primarily attributable to the use of cash to pay for operating expenses, capital investments, including the Note Purchase Agreement with QPhoton, and the costs relating to the merger with QPhoton.
Net Cash
Net cash used in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 was $8,571,484 and $2,675,458, respectively. The net loss for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, was $12,238,268 and $7,500,466, respectively.
Net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 were $84,826,997 and $7,152. The increase in investment in the current period is due to the merger with QPhoton.
Net cash provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $83,402,617 compared with $111,658 during the same period of 2021. Cash flows provided in financing activities during the six months ended June 30, 2022 were attributable to the acquisition of QPhoton and the amortization of the original issue discount for the Series A Convertible Preferred stock. The cash flow provided by financing activities during the period ended June 30, 2021 was primarily attributable to issuance of common stock for the exercise of options and the exercise of warrants.
Previously, we have funded our operations primarily through the sale of our equity (or equity linked) and debt securities. During the first six months of 2022, we have funded our operations primarily through the use of cash on hand. As of July 31, 2022, we had cash on hand of approximately $5,923,636. We have approximately $68,602 in monthly lease and other mandatory payments, not including payroll, employee benefits and ordinary expenses which are due monthly.
On a long-term basis, our liquidity is dependent on continuation and expansion of operations and receipt of revenues. Demand for the products and services will be dependent on, among other things, market acceptance of our products and services, the technology market in general, and general economic conditions, which are cyclical in nature. In as much as a major portion of our activities will be the receipt of revenues from the sales of our products, our business operations may be adversely affected by our competitors and prolonged recession periods.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Certain of our accounting policies require the application of significant judgment by our management, and such judgments are reflected in the amounts reported in our condensed consolidated financial statements. In applying these policies, our management uses judgment to determine the appropriate assumptions to be used in the determination of estimates. Those estimates are based on our historical experience, terms of existing contracts, our observance of market trends, information provided by our strategic partners and information available from other outside sources, as appropriate. Actual results may differ significantly from the estimates contained in our condensed consolidated financial statements.
We have identified the accounting policies below as critical to our business operations and the understanding of our results of operations.
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Revenue
The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with ASC 606 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Revenue from time and materials-based contracts is recognized as the direct hours worked during the period times the contractual hourly rate, plus direct materials and other direct costs as appropriate, plus negotiated materials handling burdens, if any. Revenue from units-based contracts is recognized as the number of units delivered or performed during the period times the contractual unit price. Revenue from fixed price contracts is recognized as work is performed with estimated profits recorded on a percentage of completion basis. The Company has no cost reimbursement (“cost-plus”) type contracts at this time.
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
During the six months ended June 30, 2022 and for fiscal 2021, we did not engage in any material off-balance sheet activities or have any relationships or arrangements with unconsolidated entities established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. Further, we have not guaranteed any obligations of unconsolidated entities nor do we have any commitment or intent to provide additional funding to any such entities.
Critical Accounting Estimates
We have identified the following critical accounting estimates. An accounting estimate is "critical" if it (a) requires Company management to make assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time of the estimate, and also (b) Company management reasonably could have used different estimates in the current period, or changes in the accounting estimate that are reasonably likely to occur from period to period, would have a material impact on the presentation of the Company's financial condition, changes in financial condition or results of operations.
The Company uses the Black-Scholes model to calculate the fair value of stock options and derivatives. The Black-Scholes model, developed in 1973, is a differential equation which requires five input variables, the strike price of an option, the current stock price, the time to expiration, the risk-free rate, and the volatility of the Company common stock. The Black-Scholes model is widely used for pricing options but it does rely on certain assumptions about the market which may not be correct over time. Specifically,
| ● | No dividends are paid out during the life of the option. | |
| ● | Markets are random (i.e., market movements cannot be predicted). | |
| ● | There are no transaction costs in buying the option. | |
| ● | The risk-free rate and volatility of the underlying asset are known and constant. | |
| ● | The returns of the underlying asset are normally distributed. | |
| ● | The option is European and can only be exercised at expiration. |
To the extent that any of these assumptions is not correct, that could result in the over or under pricing of the stock options involved. The assumption that the risk-free rate (the Company uses the one-year US Treasury Bill rate as a proxy for the risk-free rate) can vary over time, and if the T-Bill rate varies substantially over the life of the stock option that could affect the pricing. Similarly, the volatility of the Company’s common stock, also known as the Beta, has moved within a limited range over the past year, but the volatility of any security can change over time, which would affect the option pricing calculation. Another critical estimate relating to option pricing is the default rate, which means the estimate of granted options that will either expire unexercised, or be forfeited, over the life of the stock options. If the Company’s estimate of the default rate turns out to be substantially different from the actual, experienced default rate, that could result in over or under estimating the total option expense.
The Black-Scholes model is not the only available approach for pricing stock options, the Company could have used a Binomial pricing model or a Monte Carlo simulation model. However, there is no assurance that either a Binomial or Monte Carlo pricing approach would be more accurate than the Black-Scholes model over time. Moreover, both the Binomial model, which calculates the price of an option at each point in time during the option period, or the Monte Carlo model, which simulates the possible movements in future stock prices and uses them to calculate the option value, rely on critical assumptions. The Binomial model assumes that stock markets are perfectly efficient, which may not hold for all periods of time. The Monte Carlo simulation model assumes changes in stock prices over time cannot be predicted from the historical trends (known as a “random walk”), which also may not hold for all periods.
Another area of critical accounting estimates involves determining the fair market value and useful life of the intangible assets acquired by the Company through the merger with QPhoton. In the absence of market pricing for the intangible assets, the Company relied on comparison with similar transactions to arrive at estimates of value as well as useful life. The Company will perform periodic assessments of the intangible assets for impairment, but if any of the initial estimates are incorrect, that could result in a calculation of amortization expense that is too high or too low.
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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We do not hold any derivative instruments and do not engage in any hedging activities.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures,” as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, our management recognized that disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of disclosure controls and procedures are met. Additionally, in designing disclosure controls and procedures, our management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures. The design of any disclosure controls and procedures also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.
As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act. Based on the controls evaluation, our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer concluded that as of the date of their evaluation, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective to provide reasonable assurance that (a) the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and (b) such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and President and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Specifically, the Company does not have sufficient accounting staff to enable proper segregation of duties. The Company has commenced hiring additional administrative and accounting staff to address this deficiency in the near term.
(b) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and Rule 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during our most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Except as listed below, there is no action, suit, or proceeding by any court, public board, government agency, self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of the executive officers of our Company or our subsidiaries, threatened against or affecting our Company, our common stock, our subsidiary or of our companies or our subsidiary’s officers or directors in their capacities as such, in which an adverse decision could have a material adverse effect.
BV Advisory Partners, LLC (“BV Advisory”) was a shareholder of QPhoton, Inc. (“QPhoton”) immediately prior to the Company’s acquisition of QPhoton. BV Advisory has informed the Company that it intends to seek an appraisal of the shares of Common Stock of QPhoton (which shares represented 10% of the shares of Common Stock of QPhoton outstanding immediately prior to the Company’s acquisition of QPhoton) pursuant to Section 262 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. The Company does not have sufficient information to assess the potential impact of the appraisal demand at this time.
In addition, on March 1, 2021, QPhoton entered into a Note Purchase Agreement with BV Advisory. Under the Note Purchase Agreement, on March 1, 2021, March 23, 2021 and July 9, 2021, QPhoton and BV Advisory, a related party shareholder, entered into convertible promissory notes for $200,592, $150,000, and $150,000, respectively, for a total of $500,592 (the “BV Notes”). The BV Notes all bore interest at a rate of 6% per annum and matured 2 years from the grant date.
On June 16, 2022 QPhoton tendered a cashier’s check to BV Advisory in the amount of $535,68.44, representing the full principal balance of the BV Notes and accrued interest through June 16, 2022. On July 14, 2022 BV Advisory returned the cashier’s check and disputed the calculation of the amount paid to settle the BV Notes.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
We believe there are no changes that constitute material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, filed with the SEC on March 15, 2022, other than the following:
We face continued risks related to Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) which could significantly disrupt our research and development, operations, sales, and financial results.
The COVID-19 global health pandemic which started in March 2020, continues to present business challenges in 2022, primarily in coronavirus related costs, travel delays and restrictions, and delays in supplier deliveries. The COVID 19 pandemic has driven the implementation and continuation of significant government-imposed measures to prevent or reduce its spread, including travel restrictions, “shelter in place” orders, and business closures. Although to date, the Company has not been adversely affected by COVID-19, the measures taken by the governments of countries affected could adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations. The long term impact of COVID-19 on our operations and financial performance in future periods, including our ability to meet expected schedules, remains uncertain and will depend on future pandemic related developments, including the duration of the pandemic, potential subsequent waves of COVID-19 infections, including new variants, the effectiveness and adoption of COVID-19 vaccines and medicines, and government actions to manage the spread of the disease, which could include vaccine mandates and travel restrictions, are uncertain and cannot be predicted.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
None.
Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities
There has been no default in the payment of principal, interest, sinking or purchase fund installment, or any other material default, with respect to any indebtedness of the Company.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not Applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
There is no additional other information required to be disclosed under this item which has not been previously reported.
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Item 6. Exhibits
| ** | Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report on Form 10-Q to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| QUANTUM COMPUTING INC. | ||
| Dated: August 15, 2022 | By: | /s/ Robert Liscouski |
| Robert Liscouski | ||
| Principal Executive Officer | ||
| By: | /s/ Christopher Roberts | |
| Christopher Roberts | ||
| Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer | ||
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