485APOS 1 v208582_485apos.htm Unassociated Document
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 3, 2011
 
Securities Act File No. 333-146327
Investment Company Act File No. 811-22128

 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM N-1A
 
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
x
Pre-Effective Amendment No.
¨
Post-Effective Amendment No. 20
x
and/or

REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
x
Amendment No. 21
x
 (Check appropriate box or boxes.)
 


FOCUSSHARES TRUST
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
 

 
210 Summit Avenue
Suite C-11
Montvale, NJ 07645
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
 
Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area Code:  (201) 930-8500
 


Erik Liik
FocusShares, LLC
210 Summit Avenue
Suite C-11
Montvale, NJ 07645
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
 
With a copy to:
 
Peter J. Shea, Esq.
Katten Muchin Rosenman LLP
575 Madison Avenue
 New York, New York 10022-2511
 
Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering:
It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box):
¨  Immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b)
¨  On ______________ pursuant to paragraph (b)
x  60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)
¨  On (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)
o  75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)
¨  On (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of rule 485.

If appropriate, check the following box:
¨ this post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.

 
 

 
 
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the Registration Statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
 
 Preliminary Prospectus
 
Subject to Completion, dated [ • ] [ • ], 2011
 
[LOGO]
 
FocusShares Trust (the “Trust”) is a investment company that consists of separate investment portfolios called “Funds.” This prospectus relates to the following Funds:
 
Fund
 
CUSIP
 
Ticker
   
 
   
Focus Morningstar US Market Index ETF
 
34416W502
 
FMU
Focus Morningstar Large Cap Index ETF
 
34416W601
 
FLG
Focus Morningstar Mid Cap Index ETF
 
34416W700
 
FMM
Focus Morningstar Small Cap Index ETF
 
34416W809
 
FOS
Focus Morningstar Basic Materials Index ETF
 
34416W882
 
FBM
Focus Morningstar Communication Services Index ETF
 
34416W874
 
FCQ
Focus Morningstar Consumer Cyclical Index ETF
 
34416W866
 
FCL
Focus Morningstar Consumer Defensive Index ETF
 
34416W858
 
FCD
Focus Morningstar Energy Index ETF
 
34416W841
 
FEG
Focus Morningstar Financial Services Index ETF
 
34416W833
 
FFL
Focus Morningstar Health Care Index ETF
 
34416W825
 
FHC
Focus Morningstar Industrials Index ETF
 
34416W817
 
FIL
Focus Morningstar Real Estate Index ETF
 
34416W791
 
FRL
Focus Morningstar Technology Index ETF
 
34416W783
 
FTQ
Focus Morningstar Utilities Index ETF
 
34416W775
 
FUI
 
Each Fund is an exchange-traded fund (“ETF”). This means that shares of the Funds are listed on the NYSE Arca, Inc. and trade at market prices. The market price for a Fund’s shares may be different from its net asset value per share (the “NAV”). Each Fund has its own CUSIP number and exchange trading symbol.
 
An investment in shares of the Fund is not a deposit or other obligation of, or issued, endorsed or guaranteed by, Scottrade Bank or any of its affiliates and is not insured, guaranteed, or endorsed by the U.S. Government, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, or any other government agency. An investment in shares of a Fund involves investment risks, including possible loss of principal.
 
Prospectus
[●], 2011
 
FocusShares Trust
Distributor: Foreside Fund Services, LLC

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

 

Table of Contents
 
Focus Morningstar US Market Index ETF
  1
Focus Morningstar Large Cap Index ETF
  4
Focus Morningstar Mid Cap Index ETF
  7
Focus Morningstar Small Cap Index ETF
  10
Focus Morningstar Basic Materials Index ETF
  13
Focus Morningstar Communication Services Index ETF
  16
Focus Morningstar Consumer Cyclical Index ETF
  19
Focus Morningstar Consumer Defensive Index ETF
  22
Focus Morningstar Energy Index ETF
  25
Focus Morningstar Financial Services Index ETF
  28
Focus Morningstar Health Care Index ETF
  31
Focus Morningstar Industrials Index ETF
  34
Focus Morningstar Real Estate Index ETF
  37
Focus Morningstar Technology Index ETF
  40
Focus Morningstar Utilities Index ETF
  43
Additional Description of the Principal Strategies of the Funds
  46
Additional Description of the Principal Risks of the Funds
  46
Additional Investment Strategies
  50
Additional Risks
  51
Continuous Offering
  52
Creation and Redemption of Creation Units
  53
Buying and Selling Shares in the Secondary Market
  53
Management
  54
Shareholder Information
  56
Frequent Trading
  57
Dividends, Distributions and Taxes
  58
License Agreement
  60
Code of Ethics
  61
Fund Website and Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings
  61
General Information
  61
Financial Highlights
  62
FocusShares Trust Privacy Policy
  63
 
Morningstar® is a registered trademark of Morningstar, Inc.  Morningstar Basic MaterialsSM, Morningstar Communication ServicesSM, Morningstar Consumer CyclicalSM, Morningstar Consumer DefensiveSM, Morningstar EnergySM, Morningstar Financial ServicesSM, Morningstar Health CareSM, Morningstar IndustrialsSM, Morningstar Large CapSM, Morningstar Mid CapSM, Morningstar Real EstateSM, Morningstar Small CapSM, Morningstar TechnologySM, Morningstar US MarketSM, Morningstar UtilitiesSM are service marks of Morningstar, Inc.

 

 

FOCUS MORNINGSTAR US MARKET INDEX ETF
 
Investment Objective
 
The Focus Morningstar US Market Index ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to provide investment results that correspond, before fees and expenses, generally to the price and yield performance of the Morningstar US Market Index (the “Underlying Index”).  The Underlying Index measures the performance of United States (“US”), publicly traded companies as determined by Morningstar, Inc.’s (“Morningstar”) proprietary index methodology.
 
Fees and Expenses
 
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold Shares of the Fund (“Shares”).  Investors purchasing Shares through a broker-dealer on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter market (the “Secondary Market”) may be subject to customary brokerage commissions charged by their broker which are not reflected in the table set forth below.
 
Shareholder Fees (Fees Paid Directly from your Investment)
 
No shareholder fees are levied by the Fund for purchases and sales made on the Secondary Market.
 
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
 
Management Fees
   
[·]
%
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees
    0.00 %
Other Expenses(a)
   
[·]
%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses
    [·] %
 

 
 
(a)
The Fund is new and Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.
 
Example
 
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you pay when purchasing or selling Shares of the Fund.
 
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses, which exclude brokerage commissions, remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your approximate costs would be:

YEAR
 
EXPENSES
1
 
$[·]
3
 
$[·]

Portfolio Turnover
 
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance.

Because the Fund has not yet commenced operations, no portfolio turnover information is presented.

 
1

 
 
Principal Investment Strategies
 
The Morningstar US Market Index measures the performance of 1,536 stocks issued by large-, mid-, and small-capitalization companies that are domiciled or principally traded in the US. The Morningstar index methodology defines the “US Market” as those stocks that form the top 97% of the market capitalization of the stocks eligible to be included in the Underlying Index. As of December 20, 2010, the Underlying Index, which is considered diversified, was comprised of component securities with market capitalizations greater than $344.72 million that have a daily average traded volume of at least 536,751 over the past three months.  The total market capitalization of the Underlying Index as of December 20, 2010 was in excess of $14.04 trillion.
 
Indexing Investment Approach. The Fund is not managed according to traditional methods of “active” investment management, which involve the buying and selling of securities based upon economic, financial and market analysis and investment judgment.  Instead, the Fund, utilizing a “passive” or indexing investment approach, attempts to approximate the investment performance of the Underlying Index by investing in a portfolio of securities that generally replicates the Underlying Index.  The Fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index and may, from time to time, engage in a representative sampling strategy.
 
The Fund generally will invest at least 90% of its assets in securities of the Underlying Index. The Fund may invest less than 90% of its assets in the securities of the Underlying Index only to the extent that the Fund’s investment advisor, FocusShares LLC (the “Advisor”), needs additional flexibility to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and other regulatory requirements.
 
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
 
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the Fund, and the Fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The Fund is subject to the principal risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.  A more complete description of principal risks is included in the Prospectus under the heading “Additional Description of the Principal Risk Factors of the Fund.”
 
The principal risks associated with the Fund are:

Index Risk.  The performance of the Underlying Index and the Fund may deviate from that of the market the Underlying Index seeks to track due to changes that are reflected more quickly in the market than in the Underlying Index, which will rebalance its component securities only on a quarterly basis.
 
Index Tracking Risk.  Although the Fund attempts to track the performance of its Underlying Index, the Fund may not be able to duplicate its exact composition or return for any number of reasons.  To the extent the Advisor uses a representative sampling indexing strategy to manage the Fund, index tracking risk will be higher than if a replication strategy were implemented.
 
Market Risk.  The prices of the securities in the Fund are subject to the risk associated with investing in the stock market, including sudden and unpredictable drops in value.  An investment in the Fund may lose money.
 
Mid-Capitalization Companies Risk. The Fund invests in the securities of mid-capitalization companies, the value of which may be more volatile than those of larger companies.
 
Small-Capitalization Companies Risk. The Fund invests in the securities of small capitalization companies, the value of which may be more volatile than those of larger companies.
 
Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities are subject to changes in value and their values may be more volatile than other asset classes such as fixed-income securities.
 
New Fund Risk.  The Fund is a new fund. While the Fund intends that its Shares be listed on NYSE Arca, Inc. (“NYSE Arca”), there can be no assurance that active trading markets for the Shares will develop or be maintained.  As a new fund, there can be no assurance that it will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case it may experience greater tracking error to its Underlying Index than it otherwise would at higher asset levels, or it could ultimately liquidate.  The Fund’s Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in the Shares.
 
Performance
 
As of the date of this prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not report its performance information.  For current performance information, please visit www.focusshares.com.

 
2

 
 
Investment Advisor
 
FocusShares, LLC serves as the investment advisor to the Fund.
 
Portfolio Managers
 
Kristopher A. Wallace is the Head of Portfolio Management of the Advisor.  Mr. Wallace has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Travis Trampe is a Portfolio Manager of the Advisor.  Mr. Trampe has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
 
Unlike conventional mutual funds, the Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis, at net asset value (“NAV”), only in blocks of 50,000 Shares or whole multiples thereof (“Creation Units”). The Fund’s Creation Units are issued and redeemed principally in-kind for securities included in the Fund. Retail investors may acquire Shares only on NYSE Arca through a broker-dealer. Shares of the Fund will trade at market price rather than NAV.  As such, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
 
Tax Information
 
The Fund’s distributions are taxable and will generally be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
 
Financial Intermediary Compensation
 
If you purchase Shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment.  Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s Web site for more information.

 
3

 

FOCUS MORNINGSTAR LARGE CAP INDEX ETF
 
Investment Objective
 
The Focus Morningstar Large Cap Index ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to provide investment results that correspond, before fees and expenses, generally to the price and yield performance of the Morningstar Large Cap Index (the “Underlying Index”).  The Underlying Index measures the performance of stocks issued by large-capitalization companies as determined by Morningstar, Inc.’s (“Morningstar”) proprietary index methodology.
 
Fees and Expenses
 
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold Shares of the Fund (“Shares”).  Investors purchasing Shares through a broker-dealer on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter market (the “Secondary Market”) may be subject to customary brokerage commissions charged by their broker which are not reflected in the table set forth below.
 
Shareholder Fees (Fees Paid Directly from your Investment)
 
No shareholder fees are levied by the Fund for purchases and sales made on the Secondary Market.
 
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
 
Management Fees
   
[·]
%
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees
    0.00 %
Other Expenses(a)
   
[·]
%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses
   
[·]
%
 


 
(a)
The Fund is new and Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.
 
Example
 
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you pay when purchasing or selling Shares of the Fund.
 
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses, which exclude brokerage commissions, remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your approximate costs would be:

     
YEAR
 
EXPENSES
1
 
$[·]
3
 
$[·]
 
Portfolio Turnover
 
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance.

Because the Fund has not yet commenced operations, no portfolio turnover information is presented.

 
4

 
 
Principal Investment Strategies
 
The Morningstar Large Cap Index measures the performance of stocks issued by large-capitalization companies that are domiciled or principally traded in the United States, as determined by Morningstar, Inc.’s (“Morningstar”) proprietary index methodology that meet specific criteria developed by Morningstar, and is determined on the basis of capital value of component securities that are publicly held, which typifies a “float adjusted” capitalization index. The Morningstar index methodology defines “large-capitalization” stocks as those stocks that form the top 70% of the market capitalization of the stocks eligible to be included in the Morningstar US Market Index (a diversified broad market index that represents approximately 97% of the market capitalization of publicly-traded US stocks).  As of December 20, 2010, the Underlying Index, which is considered diversified, was comprised of 259 component securities with market capitalizations greater than $9.74 billion that have a daily average traded volume of at least 57.75 million over the past three months.  The total market capitalization of the Underlying Index as of December 20, 2010 was in excess of $10.09 trillion.

 
The Fund generally will invest at least 90% of its assets in securities of the Underlying Index. The Fund may invest less than 90% of its assets in the securities of the Underlying Index only to the extent that the Fund’s investment advisor, FocusShares LLC (the “Advisor”), needs additional flexibility to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and other regulatory requirements.
 
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
 
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the Fund, and the Fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The Fund is subject to the principal risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.  A more complete description of principal risks is included in the Prospectus under the heading “Additional Description of the Principal Risk Factors of the Fund.”
 
The principal risks associated with the Fund are:

Index Risk.  The performance of the Underlying Index and the Fund may deviate from that of the market the Underlying Index seeks to track due to changes that are reflected more quickly in the market than in the Underlying Index, which will rebalance its component securities only on a quarterly basis.
 
Index Tracking Risk.  Although the Fund attempts to track the performance of its Underlying Index, the Fund may not be able to duplicate its exact composition or return for any number of reasons.  To the extent the Advisor uses a representative sampling indexing strategy to manage the Fund, index tracking risk will be higher than if a replication strategy were implemented.
 
Market Risk.  The prices of the securities in the Fund are subject to the risk associated with investing in the stock market, including sudden and unpredictable drops in value.  An investment in the Fund may lose money.
 
Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities are subject to changes in value and their values may be more volatile than other asset classes such as fixed-income securities.
 
New Fund Risk.  The Fund is a new fund. While the Fund intends that its Shares be listed on NYSE Arca, Inc. (“NYSE Arca”), there can be no assurance that active trading markets for the Shares will develop or be maintained.  As a new fund, there can be no assurance that it will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case it may experience greater tracking error to its Underlying Index than it otherwise would at higher asset levels, or it could ultimately liquidate.  The Fund’s Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in the Shares.
 
Performance
 
As of the date of this prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not report its performance information.  For current performance information, please visit www.focusshares.com.

 
5

 
 
Investment Advisor
 
FocusShares, LLC serves as the investment advisor to the Fund.
 
Portfolio Managers
 
Kristopher A. Wallace is the Head of Portfolio Management of the Advisor.  Mr. Wallace has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Travis Trampe is a Portfolio Manager of the Advisor.  Mr. Trampe has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
 
Unlike conventional mutual funds, the Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis, at net asset value (“NAV”), only in blocks of 50,000 Shares or whole multiples thereof (“Creation Units”). The Fund’s Creation Units are issued and redeemed principally in-kind for securities included in the Fund. Retail investors may acquire Shares only on NYSE Arca through a broker-dealer. Shares of the Fund will trade at market price rather than NAV.  As such, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
 
Tax Information
 
The Fund’s distributions are taxable and will generally be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
 
Financial Intermediary Compensation
 
If you purchase Shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment.  Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s Web site for more information.

 
6

 

FOCUS MORNINGSTAR MID CAP INDEX ETF
 
Investment Objective
 
The Focus Morningstar Mid Cap Index ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to provide investment results that correspond, before fees and expenses, generally to the price and yield performance of the Morningstar Mid Cap Index (the “Underlying Index”).  The Underlying Index measures the performance of stocks issued by middle-capitalization companies as determined by Morningstar, Inc.’s (“Morningstar”) proprietary index methodology.
 
Fees and Expenses
 
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold Shares of the Fund (“Shares”).  Investors purchasing Shares through a broker-dealer on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter market (the “Secondary Market”) may be subject to customary brokerage commissions charged by their broker which are not reflected in the table set forth below.
 
Shareholder Fees (Fees Paid Directly from your Investment)
 
No shareholder fees are levied by the Fund for purchases and sales made on the Secondary Market.
 
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
 
Management Fees
   
[·]
%
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees
    0.00 %
Other Expenses(a)
   
[·]
%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses
   
[·]
%


 
 
(a)
The Fund is new and Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.
 
Example
 
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you pay when purchasing or selling Shares of the Fund.
 
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses, which exclude brokerage commissions, remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your approximate costs would be:

     
YEAR
 
EXPENSES
1
 
$[·]
3
 
$[·]

Portfolio Turnover
 
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance.

Because the Fund has not yet commenced operations, no portfolio turnover information is presented.

 
7

 
 
Principal Investment Strategies
 
The Morningstar Mid Cap Index measures the performance of stocks issued by middle-capitalization companies that are domiciled or principally traded in the United States, as determined by Morningstar, Inc.’s (“Morningstar”) proprietary index methodology that meet specific criteria developed by Morningstar, and is determined on the basis of capital value of component securities that are publicly held, which typifies a “float adjusted” capitalization index. The Morningstar index methodology defines “middle-capitalization” stocks as those stocks between the bottom 70th and 90th percentile of the market capitalization of the stocks eligible to be included in the Morningstar US Market Index (a diversified broad market index that represents approximately 97% of the market capitalization of publicly-traded US stocks). As of December 20, 2010, the Underlying Index, which is considered diversified, was comprised of 558 component securities with market capitalizations between $1.48 billion and $11.94 billion that have a daily average traded volume of at least 536,751 over the past three months.  The total market capitalization of the Underlying Index as of December 20, 2010 was in excess of $2.89 trillion.

Indexing Investment Approach. The Fund is not managed according to traditional methods of “active” investment management, which involve the buying and selling of securities based upon economic, financial and market analysis and investment judgment.  Instead, the Fund, utilizing a “passive” or indexing investment approach, attempts to approximate the investment performance of the Underlying Index by investing in a portfolio of securities that generally replicates the Underlying Index.  The Fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index and may, from time to time, engage in a representative sampling strategy.
 
The Fund generally will invest at least 90% of its assets in securities of the Underlying Index. The Fund may invest less than 90% of its assets in the securities of the Underlying Index only to the extent that the Fund’s investment advisor, FocusShares LLC (the “Advisor”), needs additional flexibility to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and other regulatory requirements.
 
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
 
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the Fund, and the Fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The Fund is subject to the principal risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.  A more complete description of principal risks is included in the Prospectus under the heading “Additional Description of the Principal Risk Factors of the Fund.”
 
The principal risks associated with the Fund are:

Index Risk.  The performance of the Underlying Index and the Fund may deviate from that of the market the Underlying Index seeks to track due to changes that are reflected more quickly in the market than in the Underlying Index, which will rebalance its component securities only on a quarterly basis.
 
Index Tracking Risk.  Although the Fund attempts to track the performance of its Underlying Index, the Fund may not be able to duplicate its exact composition or return for any number of reasons.  To the extent the Advisor uses a representative sampling indexing strategy to manage the Fund, index tracking risk will be higher than if a replication strategy were implemented.
 
Market Risk.  The prices of the securities in the Fund are subject to the risk associated with investing in the stock market, including sudden and unpredictable drops in value.  An investment in the Fund may lose money.
 
Mid-Capitalization Companies Risk.  The Fund invests in the securities of mid-capitalization companies, the value of which may be more volatile than those of larger companies.
 
Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities are subject to changes in value and their values may be more volatile than other asset classes such as fixed-income securities.
 
New Fund Risk.  The Fund is a new fund. While the Fund intends that its Shares be listed on NYSE Arca, Inc. (“NYSE Arca”), there can be no assurance that active trading markets for the Shares will develop or be maintained.  As a new fund, there can be no assurance that it will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case it may experience greater tracking error to its Underlying Index than it otherwise would at higher asset levels, or it could ultimately liquidate.  The Fund’s Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in the Shares.

 
8

 
 
Performance
 
As of the date of this prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not report its performance information.  For current performance information, please visit www.focusshares.com.
 
Investment Advisor
 
FocusShares, LLC serves as the investment advisor to the Fund.
 
Portfolio Managers
 
Kristopher A. Wallace is the Head of Portfolio Management of the Advisor.  Mr. Wallace has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Travis Trampe is a Portfolio Manager of the Advisor.  Mr. Trampe has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
 
Unlike conventional mutual funds, the Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis, at net asset value (“NAV”), only in blocks of 50,000 Shares or whole multiples thereof (“Creation Units”). The Fund’s Creation Units are issued and redeemed principally in-kind for securities included in the Fund. Retail investors may acquire Shares only on NYSE Arca through a broker-dealer. Shares of the Fund will trade at market price rather than NAV.  As such, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
 
Tax Information
 
The Fund’s distributions are taxable and will generally be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
 
Financial Intermediary Compensation
 
If you purchase Shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment.  Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s Web site for more information.

 
9

 

FOCUS MORNINGSTAR SMALL CAP INDEX ETF
 
Investment Objective
 
The Focus Morningstar Small Cap Index ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to provide investment results that correspond, before fees and expenses, generally to the price and yield performance of the Morningstar Small Cap Index (the “Underlying Index”).  The Underlying Index measures the performance of stocks issued by small-capitalization companies as determined by Morningstar, Inc.’s (“Morningstar”) proprietary index methodology
 
Fees and Expenses
 
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold Shares of the Fund (“Shares”).  Investors purchasing Shares through a broker-dealer on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter market (the “Secondary Market”) may be subject to customary brokerage commissions charged by their broker which are not reflected in the table set forth below.
 
Shareholder Fees (Fees Paid Directly from your Investment)
 
No shareholder fees are levied by the Fund for purchases and sales made on the Secondary Market.
 
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
 
Management Fees
   
[·]
%
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees
    0.00 %
Other Expenses(a)
   
[·]
%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses
   
[·]
%


 
 
(a)
The Fund is new and Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.
 
Example
 
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you pay when purchasing or selling Shares of the Fund.
 
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses, which exclude brokerage commissions, remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your approximate costs would be:
     
YEAR
 
EXPENSES
1
 
$[·]
3
 
$[·]
 
Portfolio Turnover
 
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance.

Because the Fund has not yet commenced operations, no portfolio turnover information is presented.

 
10

 
 
Principal Investment Strategies
 
The Morningstar Small Cap Index measures the performance of stocks issued by small-capitalization companies that are domiciled or principally traded in the United States, as determined by Morningstar, Inc.’s (“Morningstar”) proprietary index methodology that meet specific criteria developed by Morningstar, and is determined on the basis of capital value of component securities that are publicly held, which typifies a “float adjusted” capitalization index. The Underlying Index methodology defines “small-capitalization” stocks as those stocks between the bottom 90th and 97th percentile of the market capitalization of the stocks eligible to be included in the Morningstar US Market Index (a diversified broad market index that represents approximately 97% of the market capitalization of publicly-traded US stocks).  As of December 20, 2010, the Underlying Index, which is considered diversified, was comprised of 719 component securities with market capitalizations between $344.72 million and $3.34 billion that have a daily average traded volume of at least 610,610 over the past three months.  The total market capitalization of the Underlying Index as of December 20, 2010 was in excess of $1.06 trillion.

Indexing Investment Approach. The Fund is not managed according to traditional methods of “active” investment management, which involve the buying and selling of securities based upon economic, financial and market analysis and investment judgment.  Instead, the Fund, utilizing a “passive” or indexing investment approach, attempts to approximate the investment performance of the Underlying Index by investing in a portfolio of securities that generally replicates the Underlying Index.  The Fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index and may, from time to time, engage in a representative sampling strategy.
 
The Fund generally will invest at least 90% of its assets in securities of the Underlying Index. The Fund may invest less than 90% of its assets in the securities of the Underlying Index only to the extent that the Fund’s investment advisor, FocusShares LLC (the “Advisor”), needs additional flexibility to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and other regulatory requirements.
 
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
 
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the Fund, and the Fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The Fund is subject to the principal risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.  A more complete description of principal risks is included in the Prospectus under the heading “Additional Description of the Principal Risk Factors of the Fund.”
 
The principal risks associated with the Fund are:

Index Risk.  The performance of the Underlying Index and the Fund may deviate from that of the market the Underlying Index seeks to track due to changes that are reflected more quickly in the market than in the Underlying Index, which will rebalance its component securities only on a quarterly basis.
 
Index Tracking Risk.  Although the Fund attempts to track the performance of its Underlying Index, the Fund may not be able to duplicate its exact composition or return for any number of reasons.  To the extent the Advisor uses a representative sampling indexing strategy to manage the Fund, index tracking risk will be higher than if a replication strategy were implemented.
 
Market Risk.  The prices of the securities in the Fund are subject to the risk associated with investing in the stock market, including sudden and unpredictable drops in value.  An investment in the Fund may lose money.
 
Small-Capitalization Companies Risk.  The Fund invests in the securities of small capitalization companies, the value of which may be more volatile than those of larger companies.
 
Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities are subject to changes in value and their values may be more volatile than other asset classes such as fixed-income securities.
 
New Fund Risk.  The Fund is a new fund. While the Fund intends that its Shares be listed on NYSE Arca, Inc. (“NYSE Arca”), there can be no assurance that active trading markets for the Shares will develop or be maintained.  As a new fund, there can be no assurance that it will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case it may experience greater tracking error to its Underlying Index than it otherwise would at higher asset levels, or it could ultimately liquidate.  The Fund’s Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in the Shares.

 
11

 
 
Performance
 
As of the date of this prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not report its performance information.  For current performance information, please visit www.focusshares.com.
 
Investment Advisor
 
FocusShares, LLC serves as the investment advisor to the Fund.
 
Portfolio Managers
 
Kristopher A. Wallace is the Head of Portfolio Management of the Advisor.  Mr. Wallace has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Travis Trampe is a Portfolio Manager of the Advisor.  Mr. Trampe has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
 
Unlike conventional mutual funds, the Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis, at net asset value (“NAV”), only in blocks of 50,000 Shares or whole multiples thereof (“Creation Units”). The Fund’s Creation Units are issued and redeemed principally in-kind for securities included in the Fund. Retail investors may acquire Shares only on NYSE Arca through a broker-dealer. Shares of the Fund will trade at market price rather than NAV.  As such, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
 
Tax Information
 
The Fund’s distributions are taxable and will generally be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
 
Financial Intermediary Compensation
 
If you purchase Shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment.  Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s Web site for more information.

 
12

 

FOCUS MORNINGSTAR BASIC MATERIALS INDEX ETF
 
Investment Objective
 
The Focus Morningstar Basic Materials Index ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to provide investment results that correspond, before fees and expenses, generally to the price and yield performance of the Morningstar Basic Materials Index (the “Underlying Index”).  The Underlying Index is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index and consists of companies that manufacture chemicals, building materials and paper products. This sector also includes companies engaged in commodities exploration and processing.
 
Fees and Expenses
 
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold Shares of the Fund (“Shares”). Investors purchasing Shares through a broker-dealer on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter market (the “Secondary Market”) may be subject to customary brokerage commissions charged by their broker which are not reflected in the table set forth below.
 
Shareholder Fees (Fees Paid Directly from your Investment)
 
No shareholder fees are levied by the Fund for purchases and sales made on the Secondary Market.
 
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
 
Management Fees
   
[·]
%
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees
    0.00 %
Other Expenses(a)
   
[·]
%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses
   
[·]
%
 

 
 
(a)
The Fund is new and Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.
 
Example
 
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you pay when purchasing or selling Shares of the Fund.

The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses, which exclude brokerage commissions, remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your approximate costs would be:
     
YEAR
 
EXPENSES
1
 
$[·]
3
 
$[·]
 
Portfolio Turnover
 
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance.

 
13

 

Because the Fund has not yet commenced operations, no portfolio turnover information is presented.
 
Principal Investment Strategies
 
The Morningstar Basic Materials Index is determined on the basis of capital value of component securities that are publicly held, which typifies a “float adjusted” capitalization index and is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index (a diversified broad market index that represents approximately 97% of the market capitalization of publicly-traded companies that are domiciled or principally traded in the United States).  The Underlying Index consists of companies that manufacture chemicals, building materials and paper products. This sector also includes companies engaged in commodities exploration and processing that meet specific criteria developed by Morningstar, Inc. (“Morningstar”) based on the standard industrial classification (“SIC”) codes attributable to the industries covered by the Underlying Index. As of December 20, 2010, the Underlying Index was comprised of 97 component securities with market capitalizations greater than $743.71 million that have a daily average traded volume of at least 536,751 over the past three months.  The total market capitalization of the Underlying Index as of December 20, 2010 was in excess of $581.87 billion.

Indexing Investment Approach. The Fund is not managed according to traditional methods of “active” investment management, which involve the buying and selling of securities based upon economic, financial and market analysis and investment judgment.  Instead, the Fund, utilizing a “passive” or indexing investment approach, attempts to approximate the investment performance of the Underlying Index by investing in a portfolio of securities that generally replicates the Underlying Index.  The Fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index and may, from time to time, engage in a representative sampling strategy.
 
The Fund generally will invest at least 90% of its assets in securities of the Underlying Index. The Fund may invest less than 90% of its assets in the securities of the Underlying Index only to the extent that the Fund’s investment advisor, FocusShares LLC (the “Advisor”), needs additional flexibility to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and other regulatory requirements.
 
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
 
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the Fund, and the Fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The Fund is subject to the principal risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.  A more complete description of principal risks is included in the Prospectus under the heading “Additional Description of the Principal Risk Factors of the Fund.”
 
The principal risks associated with the Fund are:

Index Risk.  The Underlying Index is new and has limited historical performance data that is not predictive of future results. The performance of the Underlying Index and the Fund may deviate from that of the sector the Underlying Index seeks to track due to changes that are reflected more quickly in the sector than in the Underlying Index, which will rebalance its component securities only on a quarterly basis.
 
Index Tracking Risk.  Although the Fund attempts to track the performance of its Underlying Index, the Fund may not be able to duplicate its exact composition or return for any number of reasons.  To the extent the Advisor uses a representative sampling indexing strategy to manage the Fund, index tracking risk will be higher than if a replication strategy were implemented.
 
Concentration Risk.  To the extent that the Underlying Index is concentrated in a particular industry, the Fund also will be concentrated in that industry.  Concentrated Fund investments will subject the Fund to a greater risk of loss as a result of adverse economic, business or other developments than if its investments were diversified across different industry sectors.
 
Non-Diversified Risk. The Fund is classified as a “non-diversified” investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”) and is subject to the risk that it will be more volatile than a diversified fund because the Fund may invest its assets in a smaller number of issuers or may invest larger proportions of its assets in a single industry that comprises the Underlying Index.
 
Market Risk.  The prices of the securities in the Fund are subject to the risk associated with investing in the stock market, including sudden and unpredictable drops in value.  An investment in the Fund may lose money.
 
Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities are subject to changes in value and their values may be more volatile than other asset classes such as fixed-income securities.
 
Basic Materials Industry Risk.  The Fund is subject to regulatory, geopolitical, competition and general industry risks faced by companies in the basic materials economic sector. Risks faced by companies in the basic materials economic sector include adverse effects from commodity price and exchange rate volatility, general market competition, and environmental, litigation risks, geopolitical and labor risks. Further, stocks in the Underlying Index may underperform fixed income investments and stock market indexes that track other markets, segments and sectors and the overall stock market.

 
14

 

Interest Rate Risk.  The Underlying Index is heavily weighted in market sectors and an industry that are sensitive to interest rate fluctuations and, therefore, the Fund may be more sensitive to fluctuations in interest rates than other types of investments.
 
New Fund Risk.  The Fund is a new fund. While the Fund intends that its Shares be listed on NYSE Arca, Inc. (“NYSE Arca”), there can be no assurance that active trading markets for the Shares will develop or be maintained.  As a new fund, there can be no assurance that it will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case it may experience greater tracking error to its Underlying Index than it otherwise would at higher asset levels, or it could ultimately liquidate.  The Fund’s Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in the Shares.
 
 
As of the date of this prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not report its performance information.  For current performance information, please visit www.focusshares.com.
 
Investment Advisor
 
FocusShares, LLC serves as the investment advisor to the Fund.
 
Portfolio Managers
 
Kristopher A. Wallace is the Head of Portfolio Management of the Advisor.  Mr. Wallace has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Travis Trampe is a Portfolio Manager of the Advisor.  Mr. Trampe has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
 
Unlike conventional mutual funds, the Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis, at net asset value (“NAV”), only in blocks of 50,000 Shares or whole multiples thereof (“Creation Units”). The Fund’s Creation Units are issued and redeemed principally in-kind for securities included in the Fund. Retail investors may acquire Shares only on NYSE Arca through a broker-dealer. Shares of the Fund will trade at market price rather than NAV.  As such, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
 
Tax Information
 
The Fund’s distributions are taxable and will generally be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
 
Financial Intermediary Compensation
 
If you purchase Shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment.  Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s Web site for more information.

 
15

 

FOCUS MORNINGSTAR COMMUNICATION SERVICES INDEX ETF
 
Investment Objective
 
The Focus Morningstar Communication Services Index ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to provide investment results that correspond, before fees and expenses, generally to the price and yield performance of the Morningstar Communication Services Index (the “Underlying Index”).  The Underlying Index is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index and consists of companies that provide communication services using fixed-line networks or those that provide wireless access and services. This sector also includes companies that provide internet services such as access, navigation and internet related software and services.
 
Fees and Expenses
 
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold Shares of the Fund (“Shares”).  Investors purchasing Shares through a broker-dealer on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter market (the “Secondary Market”) may be subject to customary brokerage commissions charged by their broker which are not reflected in the table set forth below.
 
Shareholder Fees (Fees Paid Directly from your Investment)
 
No shareholder fees are levied by the Fund for purchases and sales made on the Secondary Market.
 
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
 
Management Fees
   
[·]
%
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees
    0.00 %
Other Expenses(a)
   
[·]
%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses
   
[·]
%
 

 
 
(a)
The Fund is new and Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.
 
Example
 
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you pay when purchasing or selling Shares of the Fund.
 
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses, which exclude brokerage commissions, remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your approximate costs would be:
     
YEAR
 
EXPENSES
1
 
$[·]
3
 
$[·]

Portfolio Turnover
 
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance.

 
16

 

Because the Fund has not yet commenced operations, no portfolio turnover information is presented.
 
Principal Investment Strategies
 
The Morningstar Communication Services Index is determined on the basis of capital value of component securities that are publicly held, which typifies a “float adjusted” capitalization index and is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index (a diversified broad market index that represents approximately 97% of the market capitalization of publicly-traded companies that are domiciled or principally traded in the United States).  The Underlying Index consists of companies that provide internet services such as access, navigation and internet related software and services that meet specific criteria developed by Morningstar, Inc. (“Morningstar”) based on the standard industrial classification (“SIC”) codes attributable to the industries covered by the Underlying Index. As of December 20, 2010, the Underlying Index was comprised of 31 component securities with market capitalizations greater than $804.07 million that have a daily average traded volume of at least 2.44 million over the past three months.  The total market capitalization of the Underlying Index as of December 20, 2010 was in excess of $509.67 billion.

Indexing Investment Approach.  The Fund is not managed according to traditional methods of “active” investment management, which involve the buying and selling of securities based upon economic, financial and market analysis and investment judgment.  Instead, the Fund, utilizing a “passive” or indexing investment approach, attempts to approximate the investment performance of the Underlying Index by investing in a portfolio of securities that generally replicates the Underlying Index.  The Fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index and may, from time to time, engage in a representative sampling strategy.
 
The Fund generally will invest at least 90% of its assets in securities of the Underlying Index. The Fund may invest less than 90% of its assets in the securities of the Underlying Index only to the extent that the Fund’s investment advisor, FocusShares LLC (the “Advisor”), needs additional flexibility to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and other regulatory requirements.
 
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
 
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the Fund, and the Fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The Fund is subject to the principal risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.  A more complete description of principal risks is included in the Prospectus under the heading “Additional Description of the Principal Risk Factors of the Fund.”
 
The principal risks associated with the Fund are:

Index Risk.  The Underlying Index is new and has limited historical performance data that is not predictive of future results. The performance of the Underlying Index and the Fund may deviate from that of the sector the Underlying Index seeks to track due to changes that are reflected more quickly in the sector than in the Underlying Index, which will rebalance its component securities only on a quarterly basis.
 
Index Tracking Risk.  Although the Fund attempts to track the performance of its Underlying Index, the Fund may not be able to duplicate its exact composition or return for any number of reasons.  To the extent the Advisor uses a representative sampling indexing strategy to manage the Fund, index tracking risk will be higher than if a replication strategy were implemented.
 
Concentration Risk.  To the extent that the Underlying Index is concentrated in a particular industry, the Fund also will be concentrated in that industry.  Concentrated Fund investments will subject the Fund to a greater risk of loss as a result of adverse economic, business or other developments than if its investments were diversified across different industry sectors.
 
Non-Diversified Risk. The Fund is classified as a “non-diversified” investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”) and is subject to the risk that it will be more volatile than a diversified fund because the Fund may invest its assets in a smaller number of issuers or may invest larger proportions of its assets in a single industry that comprises the Underlying Index.
 
Market Risk.  The prices of the securities in the Fund are subject to the risk associated with investing in the stock market, including sudden and unpredictable drops in value.  An investment in the Fund may lose money.
 
Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities are subject to changes in value and their values may be more volatile than other asset classes such as fixed-income securities.
 
Communication Services Industry Risk.  The Fund is subject to regulatory, competition and general industry risks faced by companies in the telecommunications economic sector to the same extent as the Underlying Index is concentrated in such sector. Risks faced by companies in the telecommunications economic sector include adverse effects from increased competition and regulation, capital investment requirements and risks relating to rapid technological innovation. Further, stocks in the Underlying Index may underperform fixed income investments and stock market indexes that track other markets, segments and sectors and the overall stock market.

 
17

 

New Fund Risk.  The Fund is a new fund. While the Fund intends that its Shares be listed on NYSE Arca, Inc. (“NYSE Arca”), there can be no assurance that active trading markets for the Shares will develop or be maintained.  As a new fund, there can be no assurance that it will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case it may experience greater tracking error to its Underlying Index than it otherwise would at higher asset levels, or it could ultimately liquidate.  The Fund’s Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in the Shares.
 
Performance
 
As of the date of this prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not report its performance information.  For current performance information, please visit www.focusshares.com.
 
Investment Advisor
 
FocusShares, LLC serves as the investment advisor to the Fund.
 
Portfolio Managers
 
Kristopher A. Wallace is the Head of Portfolio Management of the Advisor.  Mr. Wallace has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Travis Trampe is a Portfolio Manager of the Advisor.  Mr. Trampe has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
 
Unlike conventional mutual funds, the Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis, at net asset value (“NAV”), only in blocks of 50,000 Shares or whole multiples thereof (“Creation Units”). The Fund’s Creation Units are issued and redeemed principally in-kind for securities included in the Fund. Retail investors may acquire Shares only on NYSE Arca through a broker-dealer. Shares of the Fund will trade at market price rather than NAV.  As such, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
 
Tax Information
 
The Fund’s distributions are taxable and will generally be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
 
Financial Intermediary Compensation
 
If you purchase Shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment.  Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s Web site for more information.

 
18

 

FOCUS MORNINGSTAR CONSUMER CYCLICAL INDEX ETF
 
Investment Objective
 
The Focus Morningstar Consumer Cyclical Index ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to provide investment results that correspond, before fees and expenses, generally to the price and yield performance of the Morningstar Consumer Cyclical Index (the “Underlying Index”).  The Underlying Index is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index and includes retail stores, auto & auto parts manufacturers, companies engaged in residential construction, lodging facilities, restaurants and entertainment companies.
 
Fees and Expenses
 
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold Shares of the Fund (“Shares”).  Investors purchasing Shares through a broker-dealer on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter market (the “Secondary Market”) may be subject to customary brokerage commissions charged by their broker which are not reflected in the table set forth below.
 
Shareholder Fees (Fees Paid Directly from your Investment)
 
No shareholder fees are levied by the Fund for purchases and sales made on the Secondary Market.
 
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
 
Management Fees
   
[·]
%
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees
    0.00 %
Other Expenses(a)
   
[·]
%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses
   
[·]
%
 

 
 
(a)
The Fund is new and Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.
 
Example
 
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you pay when purchasing or selling Shares of the Fund.
 
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses, which exclude brokerage commissions, remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your approximate costs would be:
     
YEAR
 
EXPENSES
1
 
$[·]
3
 
$[·]

Portfolio Turnover
 
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance.

Because the Fund has not yet commenced operations, no portfolio turnover information is presented.

 
19

 
 
Principal Investment Strategies
 
The Morningstar Consumer Cyclical Index is determined on the basis of capital value of component securities that are publicly held, which typifies a “float adjusted” capitalization index and is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index (a diversified broad market index that represents approximately 97% of the market capitalization of publicly-traded companies that are domiciled or principally traded in the United States).  The Underlying Index consists of retail stores, auto & auto parts manufacturers, companies engaged in residential construction, lodging facilities, restaurants and entertainment companies that meet specific criteria developed by Morningstar, Inc. (“Morningstar”) based on the standard industrial classification (“SIC”) codes attributable to the industries covered by the Underlying Index. As of December 20, 2010, the Underlying Index was comprised of 231 component securities with market capitalizations greater than $388.25 million that have a daily average traded volume of at least 1.09 million over the past three months.  The total market capitalization of the Underlying Index as of December 20, 2010 was in excess of $1.50 trillion.

Indexing Investment Approach.  The Fund is not managed according to traditional methods of “active” investment management, which involve the buying and selling of securities based upon economic, financial and market analysis and investment judgment.  Instead, the Fund, utilizing a “passive” or indexing investment approach, attempts to approximate the investment performance of the Underlying Index by investing in a portfolio of securities that generally replicates the Underlying Index.  The Fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index and may, from time to time, engage in a representative sampling strategy.
 
The Fund generally will invest at least 90% of its assets in securities of the Underlying Index. The Fund may invest less than 90% of its assets in the securities of the Underlying Index only to the extent that the Fund’s investment advisor, FocusShares LLC (the “Advisor”), needs additional flexibility to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and other regulatory requirements.
 
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
 
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the Fund, and the Fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The Fund is subject to the principal risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.  A more complete description of principal risks is included in the Prospectus under the heading “Additional Description of the Principal Risk Factors of the Fund.”
 
The principal risks associated with the Fund are:

Index Risk.  The Underlying Index is new and has limited historical performance data that is not predictive of future results. The performance of the Underlying Index and the Fund may deviate from that of the sector the Underlying Index seeks to track due to changes that are reflected more quickly in the sector than in the Underlying Index, which will rebalance its component securities only on a quarterly basis.
 
Index Tracking Risk.  Although the Fund attempts to track the performance of its Underlying Index, the Fund may not be able to duplicate its exact composition or return for any number of reasons.  To the extent the Advisor uses a representative sampling indexing strategy to manage the Fund, index tracking risk will be higher than if a replication strategy were implemented.
 
Concentration Risk.  To the extent that the Underlying Index is concentrated in a particular industry, the Fund also will be concentrated in that industry.  Concentrated Fund investments will subject the Fund to a greater risk of loss as a result of adverse economic, business or other developments than if its investments were diversified across different industry sectors.
 
Non-Diversified Risk. The Fund is classified as a “non-diversified” investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”) and is subject to the risk that it will be more volatile than a diversified fund because the Fund may invest its assets in a smaller number of issuers or may invest larger proportions of its assets in a single industry that comprises the Underlying Index.
 
Market Risk.  The prices of the securities in the Fund are subject to the risk associated with investing in the stock market, including sudden and unpredictable drops in value.  An investment in the Fund may lose money.
 
Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities are subject to changes in value and their values may be more volatile than other asset classes such as fixed-income securities.
 
Consumer Cyclical Industry Risk.  The Fund is subject to competition and general market and industry risks faced by companies in the consumer cyclical industry sector to the same extent as the Underlying Index is concentrated in such sector. Risks faced by companies in the consumer cyclical industry include adverse effects from general domestic and international economic downturns, changes in interest rates, competition, consumer confidence and consumer tastes. Further, stocks in the Underlying Index may underperform fixed income investments and stock market indexes that track other markets, segments and sectors and the overall stock market.

 
20

 

Interest Rate Risk.  The Underlying Index is heavily weighted in market sectors and an industry that are sensitive to interest rate fluctuations and, therefore, the Fund may be more sensitive to fluctuations in interest rates than other types of investments.
 
New Fund Risk.  The Fund is a new fund. While the Fund intends that its Shares be listed on NYSE Arca, Inc. (“NYSE Arca”), there can be no assurance that active trading markets for the Shares will develop or be maintained.  As a new fund, there can be no assurance that it will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case it may experience greater tracking error to its Underlying Index than it otherwise would at higher asset levels, or it could ultimately liquidate.  The Fund’s Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in the Shares.
 
 
As of the date of this prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not report its performance information.  For current performance information, please visit www.focusshares.com.
 
Investment Advisor
 
FocusShares, LLC serves as the investment advisor to the Fund.
 
Portfolio Managers
 
Kristopher A. Wallace is the Head of Portfolio Management of the Advisor.  Mr. Wallace has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Travis Trampe is a Portfolio Manager of the Advisor.  Mr. Trampe has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
 
Unlike conventional mutual funds, the Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis, at net asset value (“NAV”), only in blocks of 50,000 Shares or whole multiples thereof (“Creation Units”). The Fund’s Creation Units are issued and redeemed principally in-kind for securities included in the Fund. Retail investors may acquire Shares only on NYSE Arca through a broker-dealer. Shares of the Fund will trade at market price rather than NAV.  As such, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
 
Tax Information
 
The Fund’s distributions are taxable and will generally be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
 
Financial Intermediary Compensation
 
If you purchase Shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment.  Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s Web site for more information.

 
21

 

FOCUS MORNINGSTAR CONSUMER DEFENSIVE INDEX ETF
 
Investment Objective
 
The Focus Morningstar Consumer Defensive Index ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to provide investment results that correspond, before fees and expenses, generally to the price and yield performance of the Morningstar Consumer Defensive Index (the “Underlying Index”).  The Underlying Index is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index and consists of companies engaged in the manufacturing of food, beverages, household and personal products, packaging, or tobacco. This sector also includes companies that provide services such as education & training services.
 
Fees and Expenses
 
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold Shares of the Fund (“Shares”).  Investors purchasing Shares through a broker-dealer on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter market (the “Secondary Market”) may be subject to customary brokerage commissions charged by their broker which are not reflected in the table set forth below.
 
Shareholder Fees (Fees Paid Directly from your Investment)
 
No shareholder fees are levied by the Fund for purchases and sales made on the Secondary Market.
 
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
 
Management Fees
   
[·]
%
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees
    0.00 %
Other Expenses(a)
   
[·]
%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses
   
[·]
%
 

 
 
(a)
The Fund is new and Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.
 
Example
 
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you pay when purchasing or selling Shares of the Fund.
 
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses, which exclude brokerage commissions, remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your approximate costs would be:
     
YEAR
 
EXPENSES
1
 
$[·]
3
 
$[·]

Portfolio Turnover
 
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance.

 
22

 

Because the Fund has not yet commenced operations, no portfolio turnover information is presented.
 
Principal Investment Strategies
 
The Morningstar Consumer Defensive Index is determined on the basis of capital value of component securities that are publicly held, which typifies a “float adjusted” capitalization index and a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index (a diversified broad market index that represents approximately 97% of the market capitalization of publicly-traded companies that are domiciled or principally traded in the United States).  The Underlying Index consists of companies engaged in the manufacturing of food, beverages, household and personal products, packaging, or tobacco.  This sector also includes companies that provide services such as education & training services that meet specific criteria developed by Morningstar, Inc. (“Morningstar”) based on the standard industrial classification (“SIC”) codes attributable to the industries covered by the Underlying Index. As of December 20, 2010, the Underlying Index was comprised of 98 component securities with market capitalizations greater than $701.30 million that have a daily average traded volume of at least 1.36 million over the past three months.  The total market capitalization of the Underlying Index as of December 20, 2010 was in excess of $1.49 trillion.

Indexing Investment Approach. The Fund is not managed according to traditional methods of “active” investment management, which involve the buying and selling of securities based upon economic, financial and market analysis and investment judgment.  Instead, the Fund, utilizing a “passive” or indexing investment approach, attempts to approximate the investment performance of the Underlying Index by investing in a portfolio of securities that generally replicates the Underlying Index.  The Fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index and may, from time to time, engage in a representative sampling strategy.
 
The Fund generally will invest at least 90% of its assets in securities of the Underlying Index. The Fund may invest less than 90% of its assets in the securities of the Underlying Index only to the extent that the Fund’s investment advisor, FocusShares LLC (the “Advisor”), needs additional flexibility to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and other regulatory requirements.
 
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
 
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the Fund, and the Fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The Fund is subject to the principal risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.  A more complete description of principal risks is included under the heading “Additional Description of the Principal Risk Factors of the Fund.”
 
The principal risks associated with the Fund are:

Index Risk.  The Underlying Index is new and has limited historical performance data that is not predictive of future results. The performance of the Underlying Index and the Fund may deviate from that of the sector the Underlying Index seeks to track due to changes that are reflected more quickly in the sector than in the Underlying Index, which will rebalance its component securities only on a quarterly basis.
 
Index Tracking Risk.  Although the Fund attempts to track the performance of its Underlying Index, the Fund may not be able to duplicate its exact composition or return for any number of reasons.  To the extent the Advisor uses a representative sampling indexing strategy to manage the Fund, index tracking risk will be higher than if a replication strategy were implemented.
 
Concentration Risk.  To the extent that the Underlying Index is concentrated in a particular industry, the Fund also will be concentrated in that industry.  Concentrated Fund investments will subject the Fund to a greater risk of loss as a result of adverse economic, business or other developments than if its investments were diversified across different industry sectors.
 
Non-Diversified Risk. The Fund is classified as a “non-diversified” investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”) and is subject to the risk that it will be more volatile than a diversified fund because the Fund may invest its assets in a smaller number of issuers or may invest larger proportions of its assets in a single industry that comprises the Underlying Index.
 
Market Risk.  The prices of the securities in the Fund are subject to the risk associated with investing in the stock market, including sudden and unpredictable drops in value.  An investment in the Fund may lose money.
 
Small-Capitalization Companies Risk. The Fund invests in the securities of small capitalization companies, the value of which may be more volatile than those of larger companies.
 
Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities are subject to changes in value and their values may be more volatile than other asset classes such as fixed-income securities.
 
Consumer Defensive Industry Risk.  The Fund is subject to regulatory, geopolitical competition and general industry risks faced by companies in the consumer sector to the same extent as the Underlying Index is concentrated in such sector. Risks faced by companies in the consumer defensive industry include adverse effects from governmental regulation, new laws or litigation affecting tobacco companies, changes in consumer tastes, competition and geopolitical risks that may affect companies deriving a substantial portion of their net income from international markets. Further, stocks in the Underlying Index may underperform fixed income investments and stock market indexes that track other markets, segments and sectors and the overall stock market.

 
23

 

Interest Rate Risk.  The Underlying Index is heavily weighted in market sectors and an industry that are sensitive to interest rate fluctuations and, therefore, the Fund may be more sensitive to fluctuations in interest rates than other types of investments.
 
New Fund Risk.  The Fund is a new fund. While the Fund intends that its Shares be listed on NYSE Arca, Inc. (“NYSE Arca”), there can be no assurance that active trading markets for the Shares will develop or be maintained.  As a new fund, there can be no assurance that it will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case it may experience greater tracking error to its Underlying Index than it otherwise would at higher asset levels, or it could ultimately liquidate.  The Fund’s Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in the Shares.
 
Performance
 
As of the date of this prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not report its performance information.  For current performance information, please visit www.focusshares.com.
 
Investment Advisor
 
FocusShares, LLC serves as the investment advisor to the Fund.
 
Portfolio Managers
 
Kristopher A. Wallace is the Head of Portfolio Management of the Advisor.  Mr. Wallace has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Travis Trampe is a Portfolio Manager of the Advisor.  Mr. Trampe has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
 
Unlike conventional mutual funds, the Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis, at net asset value (“NAV”), only in blocks of 50,000 Shares or whole multiples thereof (“Creation Units”). The Fund’s Creation Units are issued and redeemed principally in-kind for securities included in the Fund. Retail investors may acquire Shares only on NYSE Arca through a broker-dealer. Shares of the Fund will trade at market price rather than NAV.  As such, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
 
Tax Information
 
The Fund’s distributions are taxable and will generally be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
 
Financial Intermediary Compensation
 
If you purchase Shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment.  Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s Web site for more information.

 
24

 

FOCUS MORNINGSTAR ENERGY INDEX ETF
 
Investment Objective
 
The Focus Morningstar Energy Index ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to provide investment results that correspond, before fees and expenses, generally to the price and yield performance of the Morningstar Energy Index (the “Underlying Index”).  The Underlying Index is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index and consists of companies that produce or refine oil and gas, oil field services and equipment companies, and pipeline operators. This sector also includes companies engaged in the mining of coal.
 
Fees and Expenses
 
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold Shares of the Fund (“Shares”).  Investors purchasing Shares through a broker-dealer on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter market (the “Secondary Market”) may be subject to customary brokerage commissions charged by their broker which are not reflected in the table set forth below.
 
Shareholder Fees (Fees Paid Directly from your Investment)
 
No shareholder fees are levied by the Fund for purchases and sales made on the Secondary Market.
 
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
 
Management Fees
   
[·]
%
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees
    0.00 %
Other Expenses(a)
   
[·]
%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses
   
[·]
%
 

 
 
(a)
The Fund is new and Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.
 
Example
 
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you pay when purchasing or selling Shares of the Fund.
 
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses, which exclude brokerage commissions, remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your approximate costs would be:
     
YEAR
 
EXPENSES
1
 
$[·]
3
 
$[·]

Portfolio Turnover
 
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance.

Because the Fund has not yet commenced operations, no portfolio turnover information is presented.

 
25

 
 
Principal Investment Strategies
 
The Morningstar Energy Index is determined on the basis of capital value of component securities that are publicly held, which typifies a “float adjusted” capitalization index and a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index (a diversified broad market index that represents approximately 97% of the market capitalization of publicly-traded companies that are domiciled or principally traded in the United States).  The Underlying Index consists of companies that produce or refine oil and gas, oil field services and equipment companies, and pipeline operators.  This sector also includes companies engaged in the mining of coal that meet specific criteria developed by Morningstar, Inc. (“Morningstar”) based on the standard industrial classification (“SIC”) codes attributable to the industries covered by the Underlying Index.  As of December 20, 2010, the Underlying Index was comprised of 97 component securities with market capitalizations greater than $769.76 million that have a daily average traded volume of at least 4.22 million over the past three months.  The total market capitalization of the Underlying Index as of December 20, 2010 was in excess of $1.48 trillion.

Indexing Investment Approach. The Fund is not managed according to traditional methods of “active” investment management, which involve the buying and selling of securities based upon economic, financial and market analysis and investment judgment.  Instead, the Fund, utilizing a “passive” or indexing investment approach, attempts to approximate the investment performance of the Underlying Index by investing in a portfolio of securities that generally replicates the Underlying Index.  The Fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index and may, from time to time, engage in a representative sampling strategy.
 
The Fund generally will invest at least 90% of its assets in securities of the Underlying Index. The Fund may invest less than 90% of its assets in the securities of the Underlying Index only to the extent that the Fund’s investment advisor, FocusShares LLC (the “Advisor”), needs additional flexibility to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and other regulatory requirements.
 
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
 
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the Fund, and the Fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The Fund is subject to the principal risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.  A more complete description of principal risks is included in the Prospectus under the heading “Additional Description of the Principal Risk Factors of the Fund.”
 
The principal risks associated with the Fund are:

Index Risk.  The Underlying Index is new and has limited historical performance data that is not predictive of future results. The performance of the Underlying Index and the Fund may deviate from that of the sector the Underlying Index seeks to track due to changes that are reflected more quickly in the sector than in the Underlying Index, which will rebalance its component securities only on a quarterly basis.
 
Index Tracking Risk.  Although the Fund attempts to track the performance of its Underlying Index, the Fund may not be able to duplicate its exact composition or return for any number of reasons.  To the extent the Advisor uses a representative sampling indexing strategy to manage the Fund, index tracking risk will be higher than if a replication strategy were implemented.
 
Concentration Risk.  To the extent that the Underlying Index is concentrated in a particular industry, the Fund also will be concentrated in that industry.  Concentrated Fund investments will subject the Fund to a greater risk of loss as a result of adverse economic, business or other developments than if its investments were diversified across different industry sectors.
 
Non-Diversified Risk. The Fund is classified as a “non-diversified” investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”) and is subject to the risk that it will be more volatile than a diversified fund because the Fund may invest its assets in a smaller number of issuers or may invest larger proportions of its assets in a single industry that comprises the Underlying Index.
 
Market Risk.  The prices of the securities in the Fund are subject to the risk associated with investing in the stock market, including sudden and unpredictable drops in value.  An investment in the Fund may lose money.
 
Small-Capitalization Companies Risk. The Fund invests in the securities of small capitalization companies, the value of which may be more volatile than those of larger companies.
 
Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities are subject to changes in value and their values may be more volatile than other asset classes such as fixed-income securities.
 
Energy Industry Risk.  The Fund is subject to regulatory, geopolitical, competition and general industry risks faced by companies in the energy sector to the same extent as the Underlying Index is concentrated in such sector. Risks faced by companies in the energy sector include adverse effects from changes in energy prices, exploration and production spending, exchange rates and government regulation, geopolitical and economic conditions and environmental damage claims. Further, stocks in the Underlying Index may underperform fixed income investments and stock market indexes that track other markets, segments and sectors and the overall stock market.

 
26

 

Interest Rate Risk.  The Underlying Index is heavily weighted in market sectors and an industry that are sensitive to interest rate fluctuations and, therefore, the Fund may be more sensitive to fluctuations in interest rates than other types of investments.
 
New Fund Risk.  The Fund is a new fund. While the Fund intends that its Shares be listed on NYSE Arca, Inc. (“NYSE Arca”), there can be no assurance that active trading markets for the Shares will develop or be maintained.  As a new fund, there can be no assurance that it will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case it may experience greater tracking error to its Underlying Index than it otherwise would at higher asset levels, or it could ultimately liquidate.  The Fund’s Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in the Shares.
 
Performance
 
As of the date of this prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not report its performance information.  For current performance information, please visit www.focusshares.com.
 
Investment Advisor
 
FocusShares, LLC serves as the investment advisor to the Fund.
 
Portfolio Managers
 
Kristopher A. Wallace is the Head of Portfolio Management of the Advisor.  Mr. Wallace has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Travis Trampe is a Portfolio Manager of the Advisor.  Mr. Trampe has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
 
Unlike conventional mutual funds, the Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis, at net asset value (“NAV”), only in blocks of 50,000 Shares or whole multiples thereof (“Creation Units”). The Fund’s Creation Units are issued and redeemed principally in-kind for securities included in the Fund. Retail investors may acquire Shares only on NYSE Arca through a broker-dealer. Shares of the Fund will trade at market price rather than NAV.  As such, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
 
Tax Information
 
The Fund’s distributions are taxable and will generally be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
 
Financial Intermediary Compensation
 
If you purchase Shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment.  Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s Web site for more information.

 
27

 

FOCUS MORNINGSTAR FINANCIAL SERVICES INDEX ETF
 
Investment Objective
 
The Focus Morningstar Financial Services Index ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to provide investment results that correspond, before fees and expenses, generally to the price and yield performance of the Morningstar Financial Services Index (the “Underlying Index”).  The Underlying Index is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index and consists of companies that provide financial services which includes banks, savings and loans, asset management companies, credit services, investment brokerage firms, and insurance companies.
 
Fees and Expenses
 
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold Shares of the Fund (“Shares”).  Investors purchasing Shares through a broker-dealer on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter market (the “Secondary Market”) may be subject to customary brokerage commissions charged by their broker which are not reflected in the table set forth below.
 
Shareholder Fees (Fees Paid Directly from your Investment)
 
No shareholder fees are levied by the Fund for purchases and sales made on the Secondary Market.
 
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
 
Management Fees
   
[·]
%
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees
    0.00 %
Other Expenses(a)
   
[·]
%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses
   
[·]
%
 

 
 
(a)
The Fund is new and Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.
 
Example
 
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you pay when purchasing or selling Shares of the Fund.
 
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses, which exclude brokerage commissions, remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your approximate costs would be:
     
YEAR
 
EXPENSES
1
 
$[·]
3
 
$[·]

Portfolio Turnover
 
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance.

Because the Fund has not yet commenced operations, no portfolio turnover information is presented.

 
28

 
 
Principal Investment Strategies
 
The Morningstar Financial Services Index is determined on the basis of capital value of component securities that are publicly held, which typifies a “float adjusted” capitalization index and a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index (a diversified broad market index that represents approximately 97% of the market capitalization of publicly-traded companies that are domiciled or principally traded in the United States).  The Underlying Index consists of companies that provide financial services which includes banks, savings and loans, asset management companies, credit services, investment brokerage firms, and insurance companies that meet specific criteria developed by Morningstar, Inc. (“Morningstar”) based on the standard industrial classification (“SIC”) codes attributable to the industries covered by the Underlying Index.  As of December 20, 2010, the Underlying Index was comprised of 205 component securities with market capitalizations greater than $344.72 million that have a daily average traded volume of at least 610,610 over the past three months.  The total market capitalization of the Underlying Index as of December 20, 2010 was in excess of $1.98 trillion.

Indexing Investment Approach.  The Fund is not managed according to traditional methods of “active” investment management, which involve the buying and selling of securities based upon economic, financial and market analysis and investment judgment.  Instead, the Fund, utilizing a “passive” or indexing investment approach, attempts to approximate the investment performance of the Underlying Index by investing in a portfolio of securities that generally replicates the Underlying Index.  The Fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index and may, from time to time, engage in a representative sampling strategy.
 
The Fund generally will invest at least 90% of its assets in securities of the Underlying Index. The Fund may invest less than 90% of its assets in the securities of the Underlying Index only to the extent that the Fund’s investment advisor, FocusShares LLC (the “Advisor”), needs additional flexibility to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and other regulatory requirements.
 
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
 
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the Fund, and the Fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The Fund is subject to the principal risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.  A more complete description of principal risks is included in the Prospectus under the heading “Additional Description of the Principal Risk Factors of the Fund.”
 
The principal risks associated with the Fund are:

Index Risk.  The Underlying Index is new and has limited historical performance data that is not predictive of future results. The performance of the Underlying Index and the Fund may deviate from that of the sector the Underlying Index seeks to track due to changes that are reflected more quickly in the sector than in the Underlying Index, which will rebalance its component securities only on a quarterly basis.
 
Index Tracking Risk.  Although the Fund attempts to track the performance of its Underlying Index, the Fund may not be able to duplicate its exact composition or return for any number of reasons.  To the extent the Advisor uses a representative sampling indexing strategy to manage the Fund, index tracking risk will be higher than if a replication strategy were implemented.
 
Concentration Risk.  To the extent that the Underlying Index is concentrated in a particular industry, the Fund also will be concentrated in that industry.  Concentrated Fund investments will subject the Fund to a greater risk of loss as a result of adverse economic, business or other developments than if its investments were diversified across different industry sectors.
 
Non-Diversified Risk. The Fund is classified as a “non-diversified” investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”) and is subject to the risk that it will be more volatile than a diversified fund because the Fund may invest its assets in a smaller number of issuers or may invest larger proportions of its assets in a single industry that comprises the Underlying Index.
 
Market Risk.  The prices of the securities in the Fund are subject to the risk associated with investing in the stock market, including sudden and unpredictable drops in value.  An investment in the Fund may lose money.
 
Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities are subject to changes in value and their values may be more volatile than other asset classes such as fixed-income securities.
 
Financial Services Industry Risk.  The Fund is subject to regulatory, competition and general industry risks faced by companies in the financial services economic sector to the same extent as the Underlying Index is concentrated in such sector. Risks faced by companies in the financial services economic sector include adverse effects from extensive governmental regulation, increases in interest rates and loan losses, severe competition, and increased inter-industry consolidation. Further, stocks in the Underlying Index may underperform fixed income investments and stock market indexes that track other markets, segments and sectors and the overall stock market.

 
29

 

Interest Rate Risk.  The Underlying Index is heavily weighted in market sectors and an industry that are sensitive to interest rate fluctuations and, therefore, the Fund may be more sensitive to fluctuations in interest rates than other types of investments.
 
New Fund Risk.  The Fund is a new fund. While the Fund intends that its Shares be listed on NYSE Arca, Inc. (“NYSE Arca”), there can be no assurance that active trading markets for the Shares will develop or be maintained.  As a new fund, there can be no assurance that it will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case it may experience greater tracking error to its Underlying Index than it otherwise would at higher asset levels, or it could ultimately liquidate.  The Fund’s Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in the Shares.
 
Performance
 
As of the date of this prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not report its performance information.  For current performance information, please visit www.focusshares.com.
 
Investment Advisor
 
FocusShares, LLC serves as the investment advisor to the Fund.
 
Portfolio Managers
 
Kristopher A. Wallace is the Head of Portfolio Management of the Advisor.  Mr. Wallace has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Travis Trampe is a Portfolio Manager of the Advisor.  Mr. Trampe has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
 
Unlike conventional mutual funds, the Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis, at net asset value (“NAV”), only in blocks of 50,000 Shares or whole multiples thereof (“Creation Units”). The Fund’s Creation Units are issued and redeemed principally in-kind for securities included in the Fund. Retail investors may acquire Shares only on NYSE Arca through a broker-dealer. Shares of the Fund will trade at market price rather than NAV.  As such, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
 
Tax Information
 
The Fund’s distributions are taxable and will generally be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
 
Financial Intermediary Compensation
 
If you purchase Shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment.  Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s Web site for more information.

 
30

 

FOCUS MORNINGSTAR HEALTH CARE INDEX ETF
 
Investment Objective
 
The Focus Morningstar Health Care Index ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to provide investment results that correspond, before fees and expenses, generally to the price and yield performance of the Morningstar Health Care Index (the “Underlying Index”).  The Underlying Index is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index and consist of companies involved in biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, research services, home health care, hospitals, long-term care facilities, and medical equipment and supplies.
 
Fees and Expenses
 
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold Shares of the Fund (“Shares”).  Investors purchasing Shares through a broker-dealer on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter market (the “Secondary Market”) may be subject to customary brokerage commissions charged by their broker which are not reflected in the table set forth below.
 
Shareholder Fees (Fees Paid Directly from your Investment)
 
No shareholder fees are levied by the Fund for purchases and sales made on the Secondary Market.
 
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
 
Management Fees
   
[·]
%
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees
    0.00 %
Other Expenses(a)
   
[·]
%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses
   
[·]
%
 

 
 
(a)
The Fund is new and Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.
 
Example
 
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you pay when purchasing or selling Shares of the Fund.
 
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses, which exclude brokerage commissions, remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your approximate costs would be:
     
YEAR
 
EXPENSES
1
 
$[·]
3
 
$[·]

Portfolio Turnover
 
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance.

Because the Fund has not yet commenced operations, no portfolio turnover information is presented.

 
31

 
 
Principal Investment Strategies
 
The Morningstar Health Care Index is determined on the basis of capital value of component securities that are publicly held, which typifies a “float adjusted” capitalization index and a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index (a diversified broad market index that represents approximately 97% of the market capitalization of publicly-traded companies that are domiciled or principally traded in the United States).  The Underlying Index consists of companies involved in biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, research services, home health care, hospitals, long-term care facilities, and medical equipment and supplies that meet specific criteria developed by Morningstar, Inc. (“Morningstar”) based on the standard industrial classification (“SIC”) codes attributable to the industries covered by the Underlying Index. As of December 20, 2010, the Underlying Index was comprised of 133 component securities with market capitalizations greater than $640.72 million that have a daily average traded volume of at least 1.20 million over the past three months.  The total market capitalization of the Underlying Index as of December 20, 2010 was in excess of $1.48 trillion.

Indexing Investment Approach.  The Fund is not managed according to traditional methods of “active” investment management, which involve the buying and selling of securities based upon economic, financial and market analysis and investment judgment.  Instead, the Fund, utilizing a “passive” or indexing investment approach, attempts to approximate the investment performance of the Underlying Index by investing in a portfolio of securities that generally replicates the Underlying Index.  The Fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index and may, from time to time, engage in a representative sampling strategy.
 
The Fund generally will invest at least 90% of its assets in securities of the Underlying Index. The Fund may invest less than 90% of its assets in the securities of the Underlying Index only to the extent that the Fund’s investment advisor, FocusShares LLC (the “Advisor”), needs additional flexibility to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and other regulatory requirements.
 
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
 
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the Fund, and the Fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The Fund is subject to the principal risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.  A more complete description of principal risks is included in the Prospectus under the heading “Additional Description of the Principal Risk Factors of the Fund.”
 
The principal risks associated with the Fund are:

Index Risk.  The Underlying Index is new and has limited historical performance data that is not predictive of future results. The performance of the Underlying Index and the Fund may deviate from that of the sector the Underlying Index seeks to track due to changes that are reflected more quickly in the sector than in the Underlying Index, which will rebalance its component securities only on a quarterly basis.
 
Index Tracking Risk.  Although the Fund attempts to track the performance of its Underlying Index, the Fund may not be able to duplicate its exact composition or return for any number of reasons.  To the extent the Advisor uses a representative sampling indexing strategy to manage the Fund, index tracking risk will be higher than if a replication strategy were implemented.
 
Concentration Risk.  To the extent that the Underlying Index is concentrated in a particular industry, the Fund also will be concentrated in that industry.  Concentrated Fund investments will subject the Fund to a greater risk of loss as a result of adverse economic, business or other developments than if its investments were diversified across different industry sectors.
 
Non-Diversified Risk. The Fund is classified as a “non-diversified” investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”) and is subject to the risk that it will be more volatile than a diversified fund because the Fund may invest its assets in a smaller number of issuers or may invest larger proportions of its assets in a single industry that comprises the Underlying Index.
 
Market Risk.  The prices of the securities in the Fund are subject to the risk associated with investing in the stock market, including sudden and unpredictable drops in value.  An investment in the Fund may lose money.
 
Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities are subject to changes in value and their values may be more volatile than other asset classes such as fixed-income securities.
 
Health Care Industry Risk.  The Fund is subject to regulatory, competition and general industry risks faced by companies in the health care economic sector to the same extent as the Underlying Index is concentrated in such sector. Risks faced by companies in the health care economic sector include adverse effects from heavy dependence on patent protection, competition, regulation by the Food and Drug Administration, labor shortages, susceptibility to product obsolescence, and thin capitalization and limited product lines and markets. Further, stocks in the Underlying Index may underperform fixed income investments and stock market indexes that track other markets, segments and sectors and the overall stock market.

 
32

 

New Fund Risk.  The Fund is a new fund. While the Fund intends that its Shares be listed on NYSE Arca, Inc. (“NYSE Arca”), there can be no assurance that active trading markets for the Shares will develop or be maintained.  As a new fund, there can be no assurance that it will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case it may experience greater tracking error to its Underlying Index than it otherwise would at higher asset levels, or it could ultimately liquidate.  The Fund’s Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in the Shares.
 
Performance
 
As of the date of this prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not report its performance information.  For current performance information, please visit www.focusshares.com.
 
Investment Advisor
 
FocusShares, LLC serves as the investment advisor to the Fund.
 
Portfolio Managers
 
Kristopher A. Wallace is the Head of Portfolio Management of the Advisor.  Mr. Wallace has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Travis Trampe is a Portfolio Manager of the Advisor.  Mr. Trampe has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
 
Unlike conventional mutual funds, the Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis, at net asset value (“NAV”), only in blocks of 50,000 Shares or whole multiples thereof (“Creation Units”). The Fund’s Creation Units are issued and redeemed principally in-kind for securities included in the Fund. Retail investors may acquire Shares only on NYSE Arca through a broker-dealer. Shares of the Fund will trade at market price rather than NAV.  As such, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
 
Tax Information
 
The Fund’s distributions are taxable and will generally be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
 
Financial Intermediary Compensation
 
If you purchase Shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment.  Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s Web site for more information.

 
33

 

FOCUS MORNINGSTAR INDUSTRIALS INDEX ETF
 
Investment Objective
 
The Focus Morningstar Industrials Index ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to provide investment results that correspond, before fees and expenses, generally to the price and yield performance of the Morningstar Industrials Index (the “Underlying Index”).  The Underlying Index is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index and consists of companies that manufacture machinery, hand-held tools and industrial products. This sector also includes aerospace and defense firms as well as companied engaged in transportations and logistic services.
 
Fees and Expenses
 
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold Shares of the Fund (“Shares”).  Investors purchasing Shares through a broker-dealer on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter market (the “Secondary Market”) may be subject to customary brokerage commissions charged by their broker which are not reflected in the table set forth below.
 
Shareholder Fees (Fees Paid Directly from your Investment)
 
No shareholder fees are levied by the Fund for purchases and sales made on the Secondary Market.
 
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
 
Management Fees
   
[·]
%
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees
    0.00 %
Other Expenses(a)
   
[·]
%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses
   
[·]
%
 

 
 
(a)
The Fund is new and Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.
 
Example
 
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you pay when purchasing or selling Shares of the Fund.
 
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses, which exclude brokerage commissions, remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your approximate costs would be:
     
YEAR
 
EXPENSES
1
 
$[·]
3
 
$[·]

Portfolio Turnover
 
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance.

Because the Fund has not yet commenced operations, no portfolio turnover information is presented.

 
34

 
 
Principal Investment Strategies
 
The Morningstar Industrials Index is determined on the basis of capital value of component securities that are publicly held, which typifies a “float adjusted” capitalization index and a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index (a diversified broad market index that represents approximately 97% of the market capitalization of publicly-traded companies that are domiciled or principally traded in the United States).  The Underlying Index consists of companies that manufacture machinery, hand-held tools and industrial products. This sector also includes aerospace and defense firms as well as companied engaged in transportations and logistic services that meet specific criteria developed by Morningstar, Inc. (“Morningstar”) based on the standard industrial classification (“SIC”) codes attributable to the industries covered by the Underlying Index. As of December 20, 2010, the Underlying Index was comprised of 246 component securities with market capitalizations greater than $410.03 million that have a daily average traded volume of at least 1.43 million over the past three months.  The total market capitalization of the Underlying Index as of December 20, 2010 was in excess of $1.79 trillion.

Indexing Investment Approach.  The Fund is not managed according to traditional methods of “active” investment management, which involve the buying and selling of securities based upon economic, financial and market analysis and investment judgment.  Instead, the Fund, utilizing a “passive” or indexing investment approach, attempts to approximate the investment performance of the Underlying Index by investing in a portfolio of securities that generally replicates the Underlying Index.  The Fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index and may, from time to time, engage in a representative sampling strategy.
 
The Fund generally will invest at least 90% of its assets in securities of the Underlying Index. The Fund may invest less than 90% of its assets in the securities of the Underlying Index only to the extent that the Fund’s investment advisor, FocusShares LLC (the “Advisor”), needs additional flexibility to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and other regulatory requirements.
 
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
 
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the Fund, and the Fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The Fund is subject to the principal risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.  A more complete description of principal risks is included in the Prospectus under the heading “Additional Description of the Principal Risk Factors of the Fund.”
 
The principal risks associated with the Fund are:

Index Risk.  The Underlying Index is new and has limited historical performance data that is not predictive of future results. The performance of the Underlying Index and the Fund may deviate from that of the sector the Underlying Index seeks to track due to changes that are reflected more quickly in the sector than in the Underlying Index, which will rebalance its component securities only on a quarterly basis.
 
Index Tracking Risk.  Although the Fund attempts to track the performance of its Underlying Index, the Fund may not be able to duplicate its exact composition or return for any number of reasons.  To the extent the Advisor uses a representative sampling indexing strategy to manage the Fund, index tracking risk will be higher than if a replication strategy were implemented.
 
Concentration Risk.  To the extent that the Underlying Index is concentrated in a particular industry, the Fund also will be concentrated in that industry.  Concentrated Fund investments will subject the Fund to a greater risk of loss as a result of adverse economic, business or other developments than if its investments were diversified across different industry sectors.
 
Non-Diversified Risk. The Fund is classified as a “non-diversified” investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”) and is subject to the risk that it will be more volatile than a diversified fund because the Fund may invest its assets in a smaller number of issuers or may invest larger proportions of its assets in a single industry that comprises the Underlying Index.
 
Market Risk.  The prices of the securities in the Fund are subject to the risk associated with investing in the stock market, including sudden and unpredictable drops in value.  An investment in the Fund may lose money.
 
Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities are subject to changes in value and their values may be more volatile than other asset classes such as fixed-income securities.
 
Industrial Risk.  The Fund is subject to regulatory, competition and general market and industry risks faced by companies in the Industrial sector to the same extent as the Underlying Index is concentrated in such sector. Risks faced by companies in the industrial economic sector include adverse effects changes in the market supply and demand for products or services, rapid technological developments, government regulation, geopolitical and economic conditions, and risks for environmental damage and product liability claims. Further, stocks in the Underlying Index may underperform fixed income investments and stock market indexes that track other markets, segments and sectors and the overall stock market.

 
35

 

New Fund Risk.  The Fund is a new fund. While the Fund intends that its Shares be listed on NYSE Arca, Inc. (“NYSE Arca”), there can be no assurance that active trading markets for the Shares will develop or be maintained.  As a new fund, there can be no assurance that it will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case it may experience greater tracking error to its Underlying Index than it otherwise would at higher asset levels, or it could ultimately liquidate.  The Fund’s Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in the Shares.
 
Performance
 
As of the date of this prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not report its performance information.  For current performance information, please visit www.focusshares.com.
 
Investment Advisor
 
FocusShares, LLC serves as the investment advisor to the Fund.
 
Portfolio Managers
 
Kristopher A. Wallace is the Head of Portfolio Management of the Advisor.  Mr. Wallace has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Travis Trampe is a Portfolio Manager of the Advisor.  Mr. Trampe has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
 
Unlike conventional mutual funds, the Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis, at net asset value (“NAV”), only in blocks of 50,000 Shares or whole multiples thereof (“Creation Units”). The Fund’s Creation Units are issued and redeemed principally in-kind for securities included in the Fund. Retail investors may acquire Shares only on NYSE Arca through a broker-dealer. Shares of the Fund will trade at market price rather than NAV.  As such, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
 
Tax Information
 
The Fund’s distributions are taxable and will generally be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
 
Financial Intermediary Compensation
 
If you purchase Shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment.  Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s Web site for more information.

 
36

 

FOCUS MORNINGSTAR REAL ESTATE INDEX ETF
 
Investment Objective
 
The Focus Morningstar Real Estate Index ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to provide investment results that correspond, before fees and expenses, generally to the price and yield performance of the Morningstar Real Estate Index (the “Underlying index”).  The Underlying Index is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index and consists of mortgage companies, property management companies and REITs.
 
Fees and Expenses
 
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold Shares of the Fund (“Shares”).  Investors purchasing Shares through a broker-dealer on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter market (the “Secondary Market”) may be subject to customary brokerage commissions charged by their broker which are not reflected in the table set forth below.
 
Shareholder Fees (Fees Paid Directly from your Investment)
 
No shareholder fees are levied by the Fund for purchases and sales made on the Secondary Market.
 
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
 
Management Fees
   
[·]
%
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees
    0.00 %
Other Expenses(a)
   
[·]
%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses
   
[·]
%
 

 
 
(a)
The Fund is new and Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.
 
Example
 
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you pay when purchasing or selling Shares of the Fund.
 
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses, which exclude brokerage commissions, remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your approximate costs would be:
     
YEAR
 
EXPENSES
1
 
$[·]
3
 
$[·]

Portfolio Turnover
 
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance.

Because the Fund has not yet commenced operations, no portfolio turnover information is presented.

 
37

 
 
Principal Investment Strategies
 
The Morningstar Real Estate Index is determined on the basis of capital value of component securities that are publicly held, which typifies a “float adjusted” capitalization index and a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index (a diversified broad market index that represents approximately 97% of the market capitalization of publicly-traded companies that are domiciled or principally traded in the United States). The Underlying Index consists of mortgage companies, property management companies and REITs that meet specific criteria developed by Morningstar, Inc. (“Morningstar”) based on the standard industrial classification (“SIC”) codes attributable to the industries covered by the Underlying Index.  As of December 20, 2010, the Underlying Index was comprised of 85 component securities with market capitalizations greater than $730.99 million that have a daily average traded volume of at least 1.22 million over the past three months.  The total market capitalization of the Underlying Index as of December 20, 2010 was in excess of $312.51 billion.

Indexing Investment Approach.  The Fund is not managed according to traditional methods of “active” investment management, which involve the buying and selling of securities based upon economic, financial and market analysis and investment judgment.  Instead, the Fund, utilizing a “passive” or indexing investment approach, attempts to approximate the investment performance of the Underlying Index by investing in a portfolio of securities that generally replicates the Underlying Index.  The Fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index and may, from time to time, engage in a representative sampling strategy.
 
The Fund generally will invest at least 90% of its assets in securities of the Underlying Index. The Fund may invest less than 90% of its assets in the securities of the Underlying Index only to the extent that the Fund’s investment advisor, FocusShares LLC (the “Advisor”), needs additional flexibility to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and other regulatory requirements.
 
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
 
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the Fund, and the Fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The Fund is subject to the principal risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.  A more complete description of principal risks is included in the Prospectus under the heading “Additional Description of the Principal Risk Factors of the Fund.”
 
The principal risks associated with the Fund are:

Index Risk.  The Underlying Index is new and has limited historical performance data that is not predictive of future results. The performance of the Underlying Index and the Fund may deviate from that of the sector the Underlying Index seeks to track due to changes that are reflected more quickly in the sector than in the Underlying Index, which will rebalance its component securities only on a quarterly basis.
 
Index Tracking Risk.  Although the Fund attempts to track the performance of its Underlying Index, the Fund may not be able to duplicate its exact composition or return for any number of reasons.  To the extent the Advisor uses a representative sampling indexing strategy to manage the Fund, index tracking risk will be higher than if a replication strategy were implemented.
 
Concentration Risk.  To the extent that the Underlying Index is concentrated in a particular industry, the Fund also will be concentrated in that industry.  Concentrated Fund investments will subject the Fund to a greater risk of loss as a result of adverse economic, business or other developments than if its investments were diversified across different industry sectors.
 
Non-Diversified Risk. The Fund is classified as a “non-diversified” investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”) and is subject to the risk that it will be more volatile than a diversified fund because the Fund may invest its assets in a smaller number of issuers or may invest larger proportions of its assets in a single industry that comprises the Underlying Index.
 
Market Risk.  The prices of the securities in the Fund are subject to the risk associated with investing in the stock market, including sudden and unpredictable drops in value.  An investment in the Fund may lose money.
 
Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities are subject to changes in value and their values may be more volatile than other asset classes such as fixed-income securities.
 
Real Estate Industry Risk.  The Fund is subject to regulatory, competition and general market risks faced by companies in the real estate industry to the same extent as the Underlying Index is concentrated in such sector. Risks faced by companies in the real estate sector include adverse effects from national, state or local real estate conditions, obsolescence of properties, changes in the availability, cost and terms of mortgage funds, the impact of environmental laws, compliance with the federal tax requirements affecting REITs. Further, stocks in the Underlying Index may underperform fixed income investments and stock market indexes that track other markets, segments and sectors and the overall stock market.

 
38

 

Interest Rate Risk.  The Underlying Index is heavily weighted in market sectors and an industry that are sensitive to interest rate fluctuations and, therefore, the Fund may be more sensitive to fluctuations in interest rates than other types of investments.
 
New Fund Risk.  The Fund is a new fund. While the Fund intends that its Shares be listed on NYSE Arca, Inc. (“NYSE Arca”), there can be no assurance that active trading markets for the Shares will develop or be maintained.  As a new fund, there can be no assurance that it will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case it may experience greater tracking error to its Underlying Index than it otherwise would at higher asset levels, or it could ultimately liquidate.  The Fund’s Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in the Shares.
 
Performance
 
As of the date of this prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not report its performance information.  For current performance information, please visit www.focusshares.com.
 
Investment Advisor
 
FocusShares, LLC serves as the investment advisor to the Fund.
 
Portfolio Managers
 
Kristopher A. Wallace is the Head of Portfolio Management of the Advisor.  Mr. Wallace has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Travis Trampe is a Portfolio Manager of the Advisor.  Mr. Trampe has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
 
Unlike conventional mutual funds, the Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis, at net asset value (“NAV”), only in blocks of 50,000 Shares or whole multiples thereof (“Creation Units”). The Fund’s Creation Units are issued and redeemed principally in-kind for securities included in the Fund. Retail investors may acquire Shares only on NYSE Arca through a broker-dealer. Shares of the Fund will trade at market price rather than NAV.  As such, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
 
Tax Information
 
The Fund’s distributions are taxable and will generally be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
 
Financial Intermediary Compensation
 
If you purchase Shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment.  Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s Web site for more information.

 
39

 

FOCUS MORNINGSTAR TECHNOLOGY INDEX ETF
 
Investment Objective
 
The Focus Morningstar Technology Index ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to provide investment results that correspond, before fees and expenses, generally to the price and yield performance of the Morningstar Technology Index (the “Underlying Index”).  The Underlying Index is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index and consists of companies engaged in the design, development, and support of computer operating systems and applications. This sector also includes companies that provide computer technology consulting services and companies engaged in the manufacturing of computer equipment, data storage products, networking products, semiconductors, and components.
 
Fees and Expenses
 
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold Shares of the Fund (“Shares”).  Investors purchasing Shares through a broker-dealer on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter market (the “Secondary Market”) may be subject to customary brokerage commissions charged by their broker which are not reflected in the table set forth below.
 
Shareholder Fees (Fees Paid Directly from your Investment)
 
No shareholder fees are levied by the Fund for purchases and sales made on the Secondary Market.
 
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
 
Management Fees
   
[·]
%
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees
    0.00 %
Other Expenses(a)
   
[·]
%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses
   
[·]
%
 

 
 
(a)
The Fund is new and Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.
 
Example
 
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you pay when purchasing or selling Shares of the Fund.
 
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses, which exclude brokerage commissions, remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your approximate costs would be:
     
YEAR
 
EXPENSES
1
 
$[·]
3
 
$[·]
 
Portfolio Turnover
 
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance.

 
40

 

Because the Fund has not yet commenced operations, no portfolio turnover information is presented.
 
Principal Investment Strategies
 
The Morningstar Technology Index is determined on the basis of capital value of component securities that are publicly held, which typifies a “float adjusted” capitalization index and a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index (a diversified broad market index that represents approximately 97% of the market capitalization of publicly-traded companies that are domiciled or principally traded in the United States).  The Underlying Index consists of companies engaged in the design, development, and support of computer operating systems and applications. This sector also includes companies that provide computer technology consulting services and companies engaged in the manufacturing of computer equipment, data storage products, networking products, semiconductors, and components that meet specific criteria developed by Morningstar, Inc. (“Morningstar”) based on the standard industrial classification (“SIC”) codes attributable to the industries covered by the Underlying Index. As of December 20, 2010, the Underlying Index was comprised of 238 component securities with market capitalizations greater than $733.97 million that have a daily average traded volume of at least 1.39 million over the past three months.  The total market capitalization of the Underlying Index as of December 20, 2010 was in excess of $2.43 trillion.

Indexing Investment Approach.  The Fund is not managed according to traditional methods of “active” investment management, which involve the buying and selling of securities based upon economic, financial and market analysis and investment judgment.  Instead, the Fund, utilizing a “passive” or indexing investment approach, attempts to approximate the investment performance of the Underlying Index by investing in a portfolio of securities that generally replicates the Underlying Index.  The Fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index and may, from time to time, engage in a representative sampling strategy.
 
The Fund generally will invest at least 90% of its assets in securities of the Underlying Index. The Fund may invest less than 90% of its assets in the securities of the Underlying Index only to the extent that the Fund’s investment advisor, FocusShares LLC (the “Advisor”), needs additional flexibility to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and other regulatory requirements.
 
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
 
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the Fund, and the Fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The Fund is subject to the principal risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.  A more complete description of principal risks is included in the Prospectus under the heading “Additional Description of the Principal Risk Factors of the Fund.”
 
The principal risks associated with the Fund are:

Index Risk.  The Underlying Index is new and has limited historical performance data that is not predictive of future results. The performance of the Underlying Index and the Fund may deviate from that of the sector the Underlying Index seeks to track due to changes that are reflected more quickly in the sector than in the Underlying Index, which will rebalance its component securities only on a quarterly basis.
 
Index Tracking Risk.  Although the Fund attempts to track the performance of its Underlying Index, the Fund may not be able to duplicate its exact composition or return for any number of reasons.  To the extent the Advisor uses a representative sampling indexing strategy to manage the Fund, index tracking risk will be higher than if a replication strategy were implemented.
 
Concentration Risk.  To the extent that the Underlying Index is concentrated in a particular industry, the Fund also will be concentrated in that industry.  Concentrated Fund investments will subject the Fund to a greater risk of loss as a result of adverse economic, business or other developments than if its investments were diversified across different industry sectors.
 
Non-Diversified Risk. The Fund is classified as a “non-diversified” investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”) and is subject to the risk that it will be more volatile than a diversified fund because the Fund may invest its assets in a smaller number of issuers or may invest larger proportions of its assets in a single industry that comprises the Underlying Index.
 
Market Risk.  The prices of the securities in the Fund are subject to the risk associated with investing in the stock market, including sudden and unpredictable drops in value.  An investment in the Fund may lose money.
 
Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities are subject to changes in value and their values may be more volatile than other asset classes such as fixed-income securities.

 
41

 

Technology Industry Risk.  The Fund is subject to regulatory, competition and general industry risks faced by companies in the technology industry sector to the same extent as the Underlying Index is concentrated in such sector.  A small number of companies represent a large portion of the technology industries as a whole, and these companies also are heavily dependent on patent and intellectual property rights, the loss or impairment of which may adversely affect profitability. Risks faced by companies in the technology industry include adverse effects from dependence on patent and intellectual property rights, intense competition, labor shortages, obsolescence of existing technology, general economic conditions and government regulation. Further, stocks in the Underlying Index may underperform fixed income investments and stock market indexes that track other markets, segments and sectors and the overall stock market.
 
New Fund Risk.  The Fund is a new fund. While the Fund intends that its Shares be listed on NYSE Arca, Inc. (“NYSE Arca”), there can be no assurance that active trading markets for the Shares will develop or be maintained.  As a new fund, there can be no assurance that it will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case it may experience greater tracking error to its Underlying Index than it otherwise would at higher asset levels, or it could ultimately liquidate.  The Fund’s Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in the Shares.
 
Performance
 
As of the date of this prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not report its performance information.  For current performance information, please visit www.focusshares.com.
 
Investment Advisor
 
FocusShares, LLC serves as the investment advisor to the Fund.
 
Portfolio Managers
 
Kristopher A. Wallace is the Head of Portfolio Management of the Advisor.  Mr. Wallace has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Travis Trampe is a Portfolio Manager of the Advisor.  Mr. Trampe has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
 
Unlike conventional mutual funds, the Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis, at net asset value (“NAV”), only in blocks of 50,000 Shares or whole multiples thereof (“Creation Units”). The Fund’s Creation Units are issued and redeemed principally in-kind for securities included in the Fund. Retail investors may acquire Shares only on NYSE Arca through a broker-dealer. Shares of the Fund will trade at market price rather than NAV.  As such, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
 
Tax Information
 
The Fund’s distributions are taxable and will generally be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
 
Financial Intermediary Compensation
 
If you purchase Shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment.  Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s Web site for more information.

 
42

 

FOCUS MORNINGSTAR UTILITIES INDEX ETF
 
Investment Objective
 
The Focus Morningstar Utilities Index ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to provide investment results that correspond, before fees and expenses, generally to the price and yield performance of the Morningstar Utilities Index (the “Underlying Index”).  The Underlying Index is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index and consists of electric, gas, and water utilities.
 
Fees and Expenses
 
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold Shares of the Fund (“Shares”).  Investors purchasing Shares through a broker-dealer on a national securities exchange or in the over-the-counter market (the “Secondary Market”) may be subject to customary brokerage commissions charged by their broker which are not reflected in the table set forth below.
 
Shareholder Fees (Fees Paid Directly from your Investment)
 
No shareholder fees are levied by the Fund for purchases and sales made on the Secondary Market.
 
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
 
Management Fees
   
[·]
%
Distribution and Service (12b-1) Fees
    0.00 %
Other Expenses(a)
   
[·]
%
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses
   
[·]
%
 

 
 
(a)
The Fund is new and Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year.
 
Example
 
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you pay when purchasing or selling Shares of the Fund.
 
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Fund’s operating expenses, which exclude brokerage commissions, remain the same.  Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your approximate costs would be:
     
YEAR
 
EXPENSES
1
 
$[·]
3
 
$[·]
 
Portfolio Turnover
 
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio).  A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance.

Because the Fund has not yet commenced operations, no portfolio turnover information is presented.

 
43

 
 
Principal Investment Strategies
 
The Morningstar Utilities Index is determined on the basis of capital value of component securities that are publicly held, which typifies a “float adjusted” capitalization index and a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index (a diversified broad market index that represents approximately 97% of the market capitalization of publicly-traded companies that are domiciled or principally traded in the United States).  The Underlying Index consists of companies that are electric, gas, and water utilities that meet specific criteria developed by Morningstar, Inc. (“Morningstar”) based on the standard industrial classification (“SIC”) codes attributable to the industries covered by the Underlying Index. As of December 20, 2010, the Underlying Index was comprised of 75 component securities with market capitalizations greater than $629.13 million that have a daily average traded volume of at least 2.18 million over the past three months.  The total market capitalization of the Underlying Index as of December 20, 2010 was in excess of $456.88 billion.
 
Indexing Investment Approach. The Fund is not managed according to traditional methods of “active” investment management, which involve the buying and selling of securities based upon economic, financial and market analysis and investment judgment.  Instead, the Fund, utilizing a “passive” or indexing investment approach, attempts to approximate the investment performance of the Underlying Index by investing in a portfolio of securities that generally replicates the Underlying Index.  The Fund may or may not hold all of the securities in the Underlying Index and may, from time to time, engage in a representative sampling strategy.
 
The Fund generally will invest at least 90% of its assets in securities of the Underlying Index. The Fund may invest less than 90% of its assets in the securities of the Underlying Index only to the extent that the Fund’s investment advisor, FocusShares LLC (the “Advisor”), needs additional flexibility to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and other regulatory requirements.
 
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
 
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the Fund, and the Fund’s performance could trail that of other investments. The Fund is subject to the principal risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the Fund’s net asset value (“NAV”), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective.  A more complete description of principal risks is included in the Prospectus under the heading “Additional Description of the Principal Risk Factors of the Fund.”
 
The principal risks associated with the Fund are:

Index Risk.  The Underlying Index is new and has limited historical performance data that is not predictive of future results. The performance of the Underlying Index and the Fund may deviate from that of the sector the Underlying Index seeks to track due to changes that are reflected more quickly in the sector than in the Underlying Index, which will rebalance its component securities only on a quarterly basis.
 
Index Tracking Risk.  Although the Fund attempts to track the performance of its Underlying Index, the Fund may not be able to duplicate its exact composition or return for any number of reasons.  To the extent the Advisor uses a representative sampling indexing strategy to manage the Fund, index tracking risk will be higher than if a replication strategy were implemented.
 
Concentration Risk.  To the extent that the Underlying Index is concentrated in a particular industry, the Fund also will be concentrated in that industry.  Concentrated Fund investments will subject the Fund to a greater risk of loss as a result of adverse economic, business or other developments than if its investments were diversified across different industry sectors.
 
Non-Diversified Risk. The Fund is classified as a “non-diversified” investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”) and is subject to the risk that it will be more volatile than a diversified fund because the Fund may invest its assets in a smaller number of issuers or may invest larger proportions of its assets in a single industry that comprises the Underlying Index.
 
Market Risk.  The prices of the securities in the Fund are subject to the risk associated with investing in the stock market, including sudden and unpredictable drops in value.  An investment in the Fund may lose money.
 
Equity Securities Risk. Equity securities are subject to changes in value and their values may be more volatile than other asset classes such as fixed-income securities.
 
Utilities Industry Risk.  The Fund is subject to regulatory, competition and general industry risks faced by companies in the utilities economic sector. Risks faced by companies in the utilities economic sector include adverse effects from regulatory, competition and general industry risks. Further, stocks in the Underlying Index may underperform fixed income investments and stock market indexes that track other markets, segments and sectors and the overall stock market.

 
44

 

New Fund Risk.  The Fund is a new fund. While the Fund intends that its Shares be listed on NYSE Arca, Inc. (“NYSE Arca”), there can be no assurance that active trading markets for the Shares will develop or be maintained.  As a new fund, there can be no assurance that it will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case it may experience greater tracking error to its Underlying Index than it otherwise would at higher asset levels, or it could ultimately liquidate.  The Fund’s Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in the Shares.
 
Performance
 
As of the date of this prospectus, the Fund has not yet commenced operations and therefore does not report its performance information.  For current performance information, please visit www.focusshares.com.
 
Investment Advisor
 
FocusShares, LLC serves as the investment advisor to the Fund.
 
Portfolio Managers
 
Kristopher A. Wallace is the Head of Portfolio Management of the Advisor.  Mr. Wallace has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Travis Trampe is a Portfolio Manager of the Advisor.  Mr. Trampe has been with the Advisor since 2010.
 
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
 
Unlike conventional mutual funds, the Fund issues and redeems Shares on a continuous basis, at net asset value (“NAV”), only in blocks of 50,000 Shares or whole multiples thereof (“Creation Units”). The Fund’s Creation Units are issued and redeemed principally in-kind for securities included in the Fund. Retail investors may acquire Shares only on NYSE Arca through a broker-dealer. Shares of the Fund will trade at market price rather than NAV.  As such, Shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
 
Tax Information
 
The Fund’s distributions are taxable and will generally be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
 
Financial Intermediary Compensation
 
If you purchase Shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the Advisor or other related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Fund Shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment.  Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s Web site for more information.

 
45

 

ADDITIONAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PRINCIPAL STRATEGIES OF THE FUNDS
 
Each Fund employs a “passive management” – or indexing – investment approach designed to track the performance of its Underlying Index. The Funds are not managed according to traditional methods of “active” investment management, which involve the buying and selling of securities based upon economic, financial and market analysis and investment judgment.  Unlike many investment companies, the Funds do not try to “beat” the indexes they tracks and do not seek temporary defensive positions when markets decline or appear overvalued.
 
Indexing may eliminate the chance that the Funds will substantially outperform their respective Underlying Indexes, but it also may reduce some of the risks of active management, such as poor security selection.  Indexing seeks to achieve lower costs and better after-tax performance by keeping portfolio turnover low in comparison to actively managed investment companies.
 
Each Fund will invest at least 90% of its total assets in component securities that comprise its respective Underlying Index.  The Advisor will manage the Funds by using either a “replication” or a “representative sampling” indexing strategy.  Replication indexing strategies involve the purchase of the component securities of the Underlying Index in substantially the same weighting as in the Underlying Index.  A representative sampling indexing strategy involves investing in a representative sample of securities that collectively has an investment profile similar to the Underlying Index.  The securities selected for representative sampling are expected to have, in the aggregate, investment characteristics (based on factors such as market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability and yield) and liquidity measures similar to those of the relevant Fund’s Underlying Index.  To the extent that the Advisor uses a representative sampling indexing strategy to manage a Fund, the Fund may or may not hold all of the securities in its Underlying Index.
 
Each Underlying Index of a Fund is a rules based, modified capitalization weighted, float adjusted index intended to give investors a means of tracking the overall performance of the sector of publicly traded companies designated for such Fund. The Advisor seeks a correlation over time of 0.95 or better between each Fund’s performance, before fees and expenses, and the performance of its Underlying Index.  A figure of 1.00 would represent perfect correlation.
 
Underlying Index constituents are drawn from the pool of stocks issued by either US-domiciled companies or companies whose primary stock market activities occur in the US. The Underlying Index constituents are also required to trade publicly on the New York Stock Exchange, the NYSE Amex Equities, or The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC. Stocks in an Underlying Index are weighted according to the total number of shares that are publicly owned and available for trading.
 
An Underlying Index may contain a smaller or greater number of component securities from time to time.  The Underlying Indexes are rebalanced by Morningstar on a quarterly basis, and a Fund will rebalance when its Underlying Index does.  Fund shareholders can find a list of companies comprising the Funds’ Underlying Indexes on the Trust’s website at http://www.focusshares.com or on the Morningstar website http://www.morningstar.com.
 
 Each Underlying Index is sponsored by an organization that is independent of the Fund and the Advisor.  Morningstar determines the composition and relative weightings of the securities in each Underlying Index and publishes information regarding the market value of the Underlying Index.  The criteria for inclusion in the Underlying Indexes are discussed in the Funds’ Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).
 
ADDITIONAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PRINCIPAL RISKS OF THE FUNDS
 
Investors in the Funds should carefully consider the risks of investing in the Funds as set forth in each Fund’s Summary Information section under “Principal Risks.”  To the extent such risks apply, they are discussed hereunder in greater detail. Unless otherwise noted, the following risks apply to all of the Funds.
 
Index Risk
 
Except with regard to the Focus Morningstar US Market Index ETF, the Focus Morningstar Large Cap Index ETF, the Focus Morningstar Mid Cap Index ETF and the Focus Morningstar Small Cap Index ETF, each Fund’s Underlying Index is new and has limited historical performance data that is not predictive of future results.

 
46

 
 
Each Underlying Index and Fund rebalance only when Morningstar determines to rebalance the Underlying Index, which occurs on a quarterly basis, which may cause the performance of the Underlying Indexes and the Funds to deviate from that of the market or sector the Underlying Indexes seek to track due to changes that are reflected in the market or sector more quickly than the quarterly rebalancing process can track.
 
Index Tracking Risk
 
Imperfect correlation between the Fund's portfolio securities and those in the Underlying Index, rounding of prices, changes to the Underlying Index and regulatory requirements may cause tracking error, which is the divergence of the Fund's performance from that of the Underlying Index. This risk may be heightened during times of increased market volatility or other unusual market conditions. Tracking error also may result because the Fund incurs fees and expenses while the Underlying Index does not.
 
Concentration Risk
 
This risk applies to all Funds except the Focus Morningstar US Market Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Large Cap Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Mid Cap Index ETF and Focus Morningstar Small Cap Index ETF.
 
To the extent that the Underlying Index is concentrated in a particular industry or designated group of industries, the Fund also will be concentrated in that industry or industries.  Concentrated Fund investments will subject the Fund to a greater risk of loss as a result of adverse economic, business or other developments than if its investments were diversified across different industry sectors.
 
NON-DIVERSIFIED RISK
 
This risk applies to each Fund except the Focus Morningstar US Market Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Large Cap Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Mid Cap Index ETF and Focus Morningstar Small Cap Index ETF.
 
The Funds are separate investment portfolios of the Trust, which is an open-end investment company registered under the the 1940 Act. The Funds are classified as “non-diversified” investment companies under the 1940 Act. As a result, the Funds are subject to the risk that they will be more volatile than a diversified fund because each Fund may invest its assets in a smaller number of issuers or may invest larger proportions of its assets in a single industry within the industries that comprise its Underlying Index. As a result, the gains and losses on a single security may have a greater impact on a Fund’s NAV and may make the Fund more volatile than diversified funds.
 
Market Risk
 
The market price of investments owned by a Fund may go up or down, sometimes rapidly or unpredictably. Investments may decline in value due to factors affecting securities markets generally or particular industries represented in the securities markets.
 
Equity Securities Risk
 
The trading price of equity securities, including the prices of each Fund’s Shares, will fluctuate in response to a variety of factors.  These factors include events impacting a single issuer, as well as political, market and economic developments that affect specific market segments and the market as a whole.  Each Fund’s NAV and market price, like stock prices generally, will fluctuate within a wide range in response to these factors.  As a result, an investor could lose money over short or even long periods.
 
Basic Materials Industry Risk
 
The following risk applies to the Focus Morningstar Basic Materials Index ETF.
 
The Fund is subject to risks faced by companies in the basic materials economic sector to the same extent as the Underlying Index is so concentrated, including: adverse effects from commodity price volatility, exchange rates, import controls and increased competition; the possibility that production of industrial materials will exceed demand as a result of overbuilding or economic downturns, leading to poor investment returns; risk for environmental damage and product liability claims; and adverse effects from depletion of resources, technical progress, labor relations and government regulations. Further, stocks in the Underlying Index may underperform fixed income investments and stock market indexes that track other markets, segments and sectors.
 
Communication Services Industry Risk
 
The following risk applies to the Focus Morningstar Communication Services Index ETF.

 
47

 

The Fund is subject to risks faced by companies in the telecommunications economic sector to the same extent as the Underlying Index is so concentrated, including: a telecommunications market characterized by increasing competition and regulation by the Federal Communications Commission and various state regulatory authorities; the need to commit substantial capital to meet increasing competition, particularly in formulating new products and services using new technology; and technological innovations that may make various products and services obsolete. Further, stocks in the Underlying Index may underperform fixed income investments and stock market indexes that track other markets, segments and sectors.
 
Consumer Cyclical Industry Risk
 
The following risk applies to the Focus Morningstar Consumer Cyclical Index ETF.
 
The Fund is subject to risks faced by companies in the consumer cyclical industry to the same extent as the Underlying Index is so concentrated, including: the fact that security prices and profitability may be tied closely to the performance of the domestic and international economy, interest rates, competition and consumer confidence; heavy dependence on disposable household income and consumer spending; severe competition; and changes in demographics and consumer tastes, which can affect the success of consumer products. Further, stocks in the Index may underperform fixed income investments and stock market indexes that track other markets, segments and sectors.
 
Consumer Defensive Industry Risk
 
The following risk applies to the Focus Morningstar Consumer Defensive Index ETF.
 
The Fund is subject to risks faced by companies in the consumer cyclical industry to the same extent as the Underlying Index is so concentrated, including: governmental regulation affecting the permissibility of using various food additives and production methods could affect profitability; new laws or litigation that may adversely affect tobacco companies; fads, marketing campaigns and other factors affecting supply and demand that may strongly affect securities prices and profitability of food, soft drink and fashion related products; and international events that may affect food and beverage companies that derive a substantial portion of their net income from foreign countries. Further, stocks in the Underlying Index may underperform fixed income investments and stock market indexes that track other markets, segments and sectors.
 
Energy Industry Risk
 
The following risk applies to the Focus Morningstar Energy Index ETF.
 
The Fund is subject to risks faced by companies in the energy sector to the same extent as the Underlying Index is so concentrated, including: effects on profitability from changes in worldwide energy prices and exploration, and production spending; adverse effects from changes in exchange rates, government regulation, world events and economic conditions; market, economic and political risks of the countries where energy companies are located or do business; and risk for environmental damage claims. Further, stocks in the Index may underperform fixed income investments and stock market indexes that track other markets, segments and sectors.
 
Financial Services Industry Risk
 
The following risk applies to the Focus Morningstar Financial Services Index ETF.
 
The Fund is subject to risks faced by companies in the financial services economic sector to the same extent as the Underlying Index is so concentrated, including: extensive governmental regulation that affects the scope of their activities, the prices they can charge and the amount of capital they must maintain; adverse effects from increases in interest rates; effects on profitability by loan losses, which usually increases in economic downturns; the severe competition to which banks and insurance companies may be subject; and increased inter- industry consolidation and competition in the financial sector. Further, stocks in the Index may underperform fixed income investments and stock market indexes that track other markets, segments and sectors.
 
Health Care Industry Risk
 
The following risk applies to the Focus Morningstar Health Care Index ETF.

 
48

 

The Fund is subject to risks faced by companies in the health care economic sector to the same extent as the Underlying Index is so concentrated, including: heavy dependence on patent protection, with profitability affected by the expiration of patents; expenses and losses from extensive litigation based on product liability and similar claims; competitive forces that may make it difficult to raise prices and, in fact, may result in price discounting; the long and costly process for obtaining new product approval by the Food and Drug Administration; the difficulty health care providers may have obtaining staff to deliver service; susceptibility to product obsolescence; and thin capitalization and limited product lines, markets, financial resources or personnel. Further, stocks in the Underlying Index may underperform fixed income investments and stock market indexes that track other markets, segments and sectors.
 
The effect of the passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and its potential implementation is uncertain.
 
Industrial Risk
 
The following risk applies to the Focus Morningstar Industrials Index ETF.
 
The Fund is subject to risks faced by companies in the industrial economic sector to the same extent as the Underlying Index is so concentrated, including: effects on stock prices by supply and demand both for their specific product or service and for industrial sector products in general; decline in demand for products due to rapid technological developments and frequent new product introduction; effects on securities prices and profitability from government regulation, world events and economic conditions; and risks for environmental damage and product liability claims. Further, stocks in the Index may underperform fixed income investments and stock market indexes that track other markets, segments and sectors.
 
Mid-Capitalization Companies Risk
 
The following risk applies to the Focus Morningstar US Market Index ETF and Focus Morningstar Mid Cap Index ETF.
 
The Fund invests in securities of mid-capitalization companies. Compared to large-capitalization companies, mid-capitalization companies may be less stable and their securities may be more volatile and less liquid.
 
Real Estate Industry Risk
 
The following risk applies to the Focus Morningstar Real Estate Index ETF.
 
The Fund is subject to risks faced by companies in the real estate industry to the same extent as the Underlying Index is so concentrated, including: adverse changes in national, state or local real estate conditions (such as oversupply of or reduced demand for space and changes in market rental rates); obsolescence of properties; changes in the availability, cost and terms of mortgage funds; the impact of environmental laws; failure to comply with the federal tax requirements affecting REITs which could subject a REIT to federal income taxation; and the risk that the federal tax requirement that a REIT distribute substantially all of its net income to its shareholders could result in a REIT having insufficient capital for future expenditures. Further, stocks in the Underlying Index may underperform fixed income investments and stock market indexes that track other markets, segments and sectors.
 
Small-Capitalization Companies Risk
 
The following risk applies to the Focus Morningstar US Market Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Small Cap Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Consumer Defensive Index ETF and Focus Morningstar Energy Index ETF.
 
The Fund invests in securities of small-capitalization companies. Compared to mid- and large-capitalization companies, small-capitalization companies may be less stable and their securities may be more volatile and less liquid.
 
Technology Industry Risk
 
The following risk applies to the Focus Morningstar Technology Index ETF.

 
49

 

The Fund is subject to risks faced by companies in the technology industry to the same extent as the Underlying Index is so concentrated. Securities of technology companies may be subject to greater volatility than stocks of companies in other market sectors. Technology companies may be affected by intense competition, obsolescence of existing technology, general economic conditions and government regulation and may have limited product lines, markets, financial resources or personnel. Technology companies may experience dramatic and often unpredictable changes in growth rates and competition for qualified personnel. These companies also are heavily dependent on patent and intellectual property rights, the loss or impairment of which may adversely affect profitability. A small number of companies represent a large portion of the technology industries as a whole.
 
Utilities Industry Risk.
 
The following risk applies to the Focus Morningstar Utilities Index ETF.
 
The Fund is subject to regulatory, competition and general industry risks faced by companies in the utilities economic sector. Further, stocks in the Underlying Index may underperform fixed income investments and stock market indexes that track other markets, segments and sectors.
 
Interest Rate Risk
 
This risk applies to the Focus Morningstar Basic Materials Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Consumer Cyclical Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Consumer Defensive Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Energy Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Financial Services Index ETF and Focus Morningstar Real Estate Index ETF.
 
Each of the Underlying Indexes, and therefore the Funds, may be more heavily weighted than other types of investments in market sectors or certain industries that are sensitive to interest rate fluctuations (such as the financial sector and the building industry).  The Funds therefore may be more sensitive to fluctuations in interest rates than other types of investments.  In particular, increases in prevailing interest rates could have a negative impact on the performance of the Funds.
 
New Fund Risk
 
The Fund is a new fund. While the Fund intends that its Shares be listed on NYSE Arca, there can be no assurance that active trading markets for the Shares will develop or be maintained.  As a new fund, there can be no assurance that it will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case it may experience greater tracking error to its Underlying Index than it otherwise would at higher asset levels, or it could ultimately liquidate.  The Fund’s Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in the Shares.
 
ADDITIONAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
 
Each Fund will invest at least 90% of its net assets in component securities that comprise its Underlying Index.  As a non-principal investment strategy, each Fund may invest its remaining assets in money market instruments, including repurchase agreements or funds that invest exclusively in money market instruments (subject to applicable limitations under the 1940 Act, or exemptions therefrom), convertible securities, structured notes (notes on which the amount of principal repayment and interest payments are based on the movement of one or more specified factors, such as the movement of a particular stock or stock index) and in options, futures contracts and swaps.  Options, futures contracts, swaps, convertible securities and structured notes may be used by each Fund in seeking performance that corresponds to its respective Underlying Index, and in managing cash flows. The Funds will not invest in money market instruments as part of a temporary defensive strategy to protect against potential stock market declines.
 
As an additional non-principal strategy, the Funds may lend their portfolio securities to brokers, dealers and other financial institutions desiring to borrow securities to complete transactions and for other purposes. In connection with such loans, the Funds receive liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being loaned.  This collateral is marked-to-market on a daily basis.  Although a Fund will receive collateral in connection with all loans of its securities holdings, the Fund would be exposed to a risk of loss should a borrower default on its obligation to return the borrowed securities (e.g., the loaned securities may have appreciated beyond the value of the collateral held by the Fund). In addition, the Fund will bear the risk of loss of any cash collateral that it invests.

 
50

 

Each of the policies and strategies described in this prospectus, including the investment objective of each Fund, constitutes a non-fundamental policy that may be changed by the Board of Trustees of the Trust without shareholder approval. Certain fundamental policies of the Funds are set forth in the Funds’ SAI under “Investment Restrictions.”
 
Securities Lending
 
The Funds may lend their portfolio securities. In connection with such loans, the Funds receive liquid collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the portfolio securities being lent.  This collateral is marked to market on a daily basis.
 
ADDITIONAL RISKS
 
Indexing Risk
 
The Advisor uses a passive indexing strategy – either replication or representative sampling – to manage the Fund.  Each Fund invests in the securities included in, or representative of, its Underlying Index regardless of their investment merit.  The Funds do not attempt to outperform their Underlying Indexes or take defensive positions in declining markets.  As a result, each Fund’s performance may be adversely affected by a general decline in the US market segments relating to its Underlying Index.
 
Asset Class Risk
 
The returns from the types of securities in which a Fund invests may under-perform returns from the various general securities markets or different asset classes.  This may cause a Fund to under-perform other investment vehicles that invest in different asset classes.  Different types of securities (for example, large-, mid- and small-capitalization stocks) tend to go through cycles of doing better - or worse - than the general securities markets. In the past, these periods have lasted for as long as several years.
 
Issuer-Specific Risk
 
Changes in the financial condition of an issuer of the stock or counterparty to a financial instrument, changes in specific economic or political conditions that affect a particular type of security or issuer, and changes in general economic or political conditions can affect a security’s or instrument’s value.  The value of securities of smaller, less well-known issuers can be more volatile than that of larger issuers.  Issuer-specific events can have a negative impact on the value of a Fund.
 
Trading Price Risk
 
It is expected that the Shares of a Fund will be listed for trading on NYSE Arca and will be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices.  Although it is expected that generally the market price of the Shares of each Fund will approximate the respective Fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly.  Thus, you may pay more than NAV when you buy Shares of a Fund in the secondary market, and you may receive less than NAV when you sell those Shares in the secondary market.  However, given that the Shares can be purchased and redeemed in Creation Units (unlike shares of closed-end funds, which frequently trade at appreciable discounts from, and sometimes at premiums to, their NAV), the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of the Shares should not be sustained.
 
The market price of Fund Shares during the trading day, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid/ask” spread charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the Fund Shares.  In times of severe market disruption, the bid/ask spread can increase significantly.  At those times, Fund Shares are most likely to be traded at a discount to NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of Shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that you most want to sell your Shares.  The Advisor believes that, under normal market conditions, large market price discounts or premiums to NAV will not be sustained because of arbitrage opportunities.

 
51

 
 
Securities Lending
 
Although each Fund will receive collateral in connection with all loans of its securities holdings, a Fund would be exposed to a risk of loss should a borrower default on its obligation to return the borrowed securities (e.g., the loaned securities may have appreciated beyond the value of the collateral held by the Fund). In addition, a Fund will bear the risk of loss of any cash collateral that it invests.
 
Derivatives Risk
 
A derivative is a financial contract, the value of which depends on, or is derived from, the value of an underlying asset such as a security or an index. As a non-principal investment strategy, a Fund may utilize futures, options and swaps to track its Underlying Index or individual components of an Underlying Index. The Fund will have exposure to derivative risks, which include a number of risks based on the structure of the underlying instrument and the counterparty to the derivatives transaction. These risks include leveraging risk where losses may be magnified if the derivative contains an element of leverage, liquidity risk if the Fund is unable to sell a derivative or is otherwise required to reserve its assets against its exposure under the derivative, interest rate risk if the derivative is interest-rate sensitive, market risk, credit risk of the counterparty to the derivative contract that may impair the value of a Fund's derivative and management risk. To the extent a Fund utilizes derivatives that are entered into over-the-counter (i. e., futures, options or swaps that are not traded on an exchange), the Fund may also have exposure to the risk of a counterparty's default, and the risk that the Fund may improperly value a derivative for which market quotations are unavailable.
 
Shares are not Individually Redeemable
 
Shares may be redeemed by the Funds only in large blocks known as “Creation Units” which are expected to be worth in excess of one million dollars each. The Funds may not redeem Shares in fractional Creation Units. Only certain large institutions that enter into agreements with the Distributor are authorized to transact in Creation Units with the Funds. These entities are referred to as “Authorized Participants.” All other persons or entities transacting in Shares must do so in the Secondary Market.
 
Please refer to the SAI for a more complete discussion of the risks of investing in Shares.
 
CONTINUOUS OFFERING
 
The method by which Creation Units are purchased and traded may raise certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Units are issued and sold by the Funds on an ongoing basis, at any point a “distribution,” as such term is used in the Securities Act, may occur. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner which could render them statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the Securities Act. For example, a broker-dealer firm or its client may be deemed a statutory underwriter if it takes Creation Units after placing an order with the Distributor, breaks them down into individual Shares, and sells such Shares directly to customers, or if it chooses to couple the creation of a supply of new Shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of Secondary Market demand for Shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes of the Securities Act must take into account all the facts and circumstances pertaining to the activities of the broker-dealer or its client in the particular case, and the examples mentioned above should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could lead to categorization as an underwriter.
 
Broker-dealer firms should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are effecting transactions in Shares, whether or not participating in the distribution of Shares, are generally required to deliver a prospectus. This is because the prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(3) of the Securities Act is not available with respect to such transactions as a result of Section 24(d) of the 1940 Act. As a result, broker dealer-firms should note that dealers who are not underwriters but are participating in a distribution (as contrasted with ordinary Secondary Market transactions) and thus dealing with Shares that are part of an over-allotment within the meaning of Section 4(3)(a) of the Securities Act would be unable to take advantage of the prospectus delivery exemption provided by Section 4(3) of the Securities Act. Firms that incur a prospectus delivery obligation with respect to Shares of a Fund are reminded that under Rule 153 of the Securities Act, a prospectus delivery obligation under Section 5(b)(2) of the Securities Act owed to an exchange member in connection with a sale on the NYSE Arca is satisfied by the fact that such Fund’s prospectus is available at the NYSE Arca upon request. The prospectus delivery mechanism provided in Rule 153 is only available with respect to transactions on an exchange.

 
52

 

CREATION AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNITS
 
The Funds issue and redeem Shares only in bundles of a specified number of Shares. These bundles are known as “Creation Units.” For each Fund, a Creation Unit is comprised of 50,000 Shares. The number of Shares in a Creation Unit will not change, except in the event of a share split, reverse split or similar revaluation. The Funds may not issue fractional Creation Units. To purchase or redeem a Creation Unit, you must be an Authorized Participant or you must do so through a broker, dealer, bank or other entity that is an Authorized Participant. An Authorized Participant is either (1) a “Participating Party,” (i.e., a broker-dealer or other participant in the clearing process of the Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC (the “Clearing Process”)), or (2) a participant of DTC (a “DTC Participant”), and, in each case, must have executed an agreement with the Distributor with respect to creations and redemptions of Creation Units (a “Participation Agreement”). Because Creation Units cost over one million dollars each, it is expected that only large institutional investors will purchase and redeem Shares directly from the Funds in the form of Creation Units. In turn, it is expected that institutional investors who purchase Creation Units will break up their Creation Units and offer and sell individual Shares in the Secondary Market.
 
Retail investors may acquire Shares in the Secondary Market (not from the Funds) through a broker or dealer. Shares are listed on the NYSE Arca and are publicly traded. For information about acquiring Shares in the Secondary Market, please contact your broker or dealer. If you want to sell Shares in the Secondary Market, you must do so through your broker or dealer.
 
When you buy or sell Shares in the Secondary Market, your broker or dealer may charge you a commission, market premium or discount or other transaction charge, and you may pay some or all of the spread between the bid and the offered price for each purchase or sale transaction. Unless imposed by your broker or dealer, there is no minimum dollar amount you must invest and no minimum number of Shares you must buy in the Secondary Market. In addition, because transactions in the Secondary Market occur at market prices, you may pay more than NAV when you buy Shares and receive less than NAV when you sell those Shares.
 
The creation and redemption processes set forth above are summaries, and the summaries only apply to shareholders who purchase or redeem Creation Units (they do not relate to shareholders who purchase or sell Shares in the Secondary Market). Authorized Participants should refer to their Participant Agreements for the precise instructions that must be followed in order to create or redeem Creation Units.
 
BUYING AND SELLING SHARES IN THE SECONDARY MARKET
 
Most investors will buy and sell Shares of each Fund in Secondary Market transactions through brokers. Shares of each Fund will be listed for trading on the Secondary Market on the NYSE Arca.  Shares can be bought and sold throughout the trading day like other publicly-traded shares.  There is no minimum investment. Although Shares are generally purchased and sold in “round lots” of 100 Shares, brokerage firms typically permit investors to purchase or sell Shares in smaller “odd lots” at no per-Share price differential.  When buying or selling Shares through a broker, you will incur customary brokerage commissions and charges, and you may pay some or all of the spread between the bid and the offered price in the Secondary Market on each leg of a round trip (purchase and sale) transaction.
 
Share prices are reported in dollars and cents per Share. For information about buying and selling Shares in the Secondary Market, please contact your broker or dealer. Book Entry Shares of each Fund are held in book-entry form and no stock certificates are issued. DTC, through its nominee Cede & Co., is the record owner of all outstanding Shares. Investors owning Shares are beneficial owners as shown on the records of DTC or its participants. DTC serves as the securities depository for all Shares. Participants in DTC include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other institutions that directly or indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of Shares, you are not entitled to receive physical delivery of stock certificates or to have Shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a registered owner of Shares. Therefore, to exercise any right as an owner of Shares, you must rely upon the procedures of DTC and its participants.
 
These procedures are the same as those that apply to any securities that you hold in book entry or “street name” form for any publicly-traded company. Specifically, in the case of a shareholder meeting of a Fund, DTC assigns applicable Cede & Co. voting rights to its participants that have Shares credited to their accounts on the record date, issues an omnibus proxy and forwards the omnibus proxy to the Fund. The omnibus proxy transfers the voting authority from Cede & Co. to the DTC participant. This gives the DTC participant through whom you own Shares (namely, your broker, dealer, bank, trust company or other nominee) authority to vote the shares, and, in turn, the DTC participant is obligated to follow the voting instructions you provide.

 
53

 

MANAGEMENT
 
Board of Trustees
 
The Board has responsibility for the general oversight of the management of the Funds, including general supervision of the Advisor and other service providers, but is not involved in the day-to-day management of the Trust.  A list of the Trustees and the Trust officers, and their present positions and principal occupations is provided in the Funds’ SAI.
 
Investment Adviser
 
Under the terms of an Investment Advisory Agreement between the Trust and FocusShares, LLC with respect to each of the Funds (the “Investment Advisory Agreement”), FocusShares, LLC serves as the Advisor to the Funds and, subject to the supervision of the Board of Trustees, will be responsible for the day-to-day investment management of the Funds. The Advisor’s principal business address is 210 Summit Avenue, Suite C-11, Montvale, NJ 07645.
 
Scottrade Financial Services, Inc. is the privately-held holding company for FocusShares LLC, Scottrade, Inc., a leading online investing firm, and Scottrade Bank. Scottrade was founded in 1980 to provide investors with discount brokerage services. Today, it has the largest branch network among online investing firms and provides education to help millions of investors invest for themselves. Scottrade Bank was formed in 2008 to provide bank sweep accounts to Scottrade customers. In 2010, Scottrade Financial Services, Inc., acquired FocusShares. Scottrade Financial Services, Inc. is based in St. Louis, Mo.
 
The Advisor registered with the SEC as a registered investment adviser effective October 29, 2007.  The Advisor does not manage any other investment companies and has limited experience as an investment adviser. In addition to its services rendered to the Trust, the Adviser advises a managed account with assets under management of approximately $25 million as of December 31, 2010.  The Advisor arranged for the provision of distribution, transfer agency, custody, fund administration and all other services necessary for the Funds to operate.
 
The Advisory Agreement was approved by the Independent Trustees of the Trust at its annual meeting.  The basis for the Board’s approval of the Investment Advisory Agreement will be available in the Trust’s Annual Report to Shareholders for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2011.
 
Advisory Fees.  The Advisor expects to receive fees from each Fund, based on a percentage of the Fund’s average daily net assets, as shown in the following table:
 
Fund Name
 
Management Fee
 
Focus Morningstar US Market Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Large Cap Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Mid Cap Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Small Cap Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Basic Materials Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Communication Services Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Consumer Cyclical Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Consumer Defensive Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Energy Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Financial Services Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Health Care Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Industrials Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Real Estate Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Technology Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Utilities Index ETF
    [• ]%

The Advisor may voluntarily waive any portion of its advisory fee from time to time, and may discontinue or modify any such voluntary limitations in the future at its discretion.
 
The Advisor and its affiliates deal, trade and invest for their own accounts in the types of securities in which the Funds also may invest. The Advisor does not use inside information in making investment decisions on behalf of the Funds.

 
54

 

Other Expenses.  Under the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor has agreed to pay all expenses of the Trust, except for: (i) brokerage expenses and other expenses (such as stamp taxes) connected with the execution of portfolio transactions or in connection with creation and redemption transactions; (ii) interest and tax expenses; (iii) dividend or distribution expenses; (iv) legal fees or expenses in connection with any arbitration, litigation or pending or threatened arbitration or litigation, including any settlements in connection therewith; (v) compensation and expenses of each Independent Trustee; (vi) compensation and expenses of counsel to the Independent Trustees; (vii) distribution fees and expenses, if any, paid by the Trust under any distribution plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act; (viii) extraordinary expenses, as determined under generally accepted accounting principles; and (ix) the advisory fee payable to the Advisor.
 
Portfolio Management
 
The portfolios are managed by the Advisor’s portfolio management team.  The individual members of the team responsible for the day-to-day management of the portfolios of the Funds are:
 
Kristopher A. Wallace is the Head of Portfolio Management of the Advisor and has day-to-day responsibility for management of the Fund. Mr. Wallace has managed each Fund since inception. Mr. Wallace led Scottrade’s Capital Markets division from 1996 to 2007 and has twenty years experience in the financial industry. Mr. Wallace graduated and was awarded the Bachelor of Science degree in Finance with a minor in Economics from the University of Missouri – Columbia.
 
Travis Trampe is the Senior Portfolio Manager of the Advisor and has day-to-day responsibility for management of the Funds. Mr. Trampe has managed each Fund since inception. Mr. Trampe previously worked for Invesco PowerShares with four years of experience as a Vice President and Portfolio Manager of their international-listed ETFs. Mr. Trampe has ten years of investment management experience and sixteen years of experience in the financial industry. Mr. Trampe graduated and was awarded the Bachelor of Science degree in Finance with a minor in Mathematics from Nebraska Wesleyan University.
 
For more information about the Portfolio Managers’ compensation, other accounts managed by the Portfolio Managers and the Portfolio Managers’ ownership of securities in the Funds, see the SAI.
 
The Administrator, Custodian, and Transfer, Index Receipt and Dividend Disbursing Agent
 
J.P. Morgan Investor Services Co. (“JPMISCo”) serves as administrator of the Trust and each of the Funds.  JPMISCo is located at 70 Fargo Street, Boston, MA 02210.  Pursuant to the Mutual Fund Services Agreement with the Trust, JPMISCo provides administrative, regulatory, tax, financial reporting and fund accounting services for the maintenance and operation of the Trust and each Fund.  In addition, JPMISCo makes office space, equipment, personnel and facilities available to provide such services.
 
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (“JPMCB”) serves as custodian, transfer agent, index receipt agent and dividend disbursing agent of the Trust and each of the Funds.  JPMCB’s address is One Chase Manhattan Plaza, New York, NY 10005.  Under the Custody Agreement with the Trust, JPMCB maintains cash, securities and other assets of the Trust and each Fund in separate accounts, keeps all required books and records and provides other necessary services.  JPMCB is required, upon the order of the Trust, to deliver securities held by JPMCB and to make payments for securities purchased by each Fund.  Pursuant to the Agency Services Agreement with the Trust, JPMCB acts as transfer agent and index receipt agent for each Fund’s authorized and issued shares of beneficial interest and as dividend disbursing agent of the Trust.
 
Distributor
 
Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “Distributor”) is the principal underwriter and distributor of each Fund’s Shares. The Distributor’s address is Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101.  The Distributor will not distribute Shares in less than whole Creation Units, and it does not maintain a secondary market in the Shares.  As noted in the section entitled “Creation and Redemption of Creation Units,” individual Shares are traded only in the secondary market and are not redeemable. The Distributor is a broker-dealer registered under the 1934 Act and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) (the successor organization to the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.).

 
55

 
 
Securities Lending Agent
 
Each Fund may lend Portfolio Securities to certain creditworthy borrowers under certain conditions described in the SAI, and will receive collateral for each loaned security which is marked to market each trading day.  Engaging in loans of its Portfolio Securities enables a Fund to receive a portion of the income generated by the lending of such securities and then investing in the collateral until the loan is terminated. Such loans may be terminated at any time by the Funds. Securities lending involves the risk of loss of rights in the collateral or delay in recovery of the collateral should the borrower fail to return the securities loaned or become insolvent.   JPMCB, an affiliate of the Administrator, acts as Securities Lending Agent for each Fund subject to the supervision of the Advisor.  For this service, JPMCB receives a fee to cover the custodial, administrative and related costs of securities lending.
 
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
[•], [•] serves as the independent registered public accounting firm for the Trust and the Funds.
 
Legal Counsel
 
Katten Muchin Rosenman LLP, 575 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10022, serves as counsel to the Trust and the Funds.
 
Other Service Providers
 
Foreside Compliance Services, LLC (“FCS”), an affiliate of the Distributor, provides an Anti-Money Laundering Officer and Chief Compliance Officer to the Funds.  Foreside Management Services, LLC (“FMS”), an affiliate of the Distributor, provides a Principal Financial Officer to the Funds. The Distributor, FCS and FMS are not affiliated with the Advisor or JP Morgan Chase & Co. or their affiliates.
 
 
Share Trading Prices
 
As with other types of securities, the trading prices of Shares of any Fund in the secondary market can be affected by market forces such as supply and demand, economic conditions and other factors. The price you pay or receive when you buy or sell your Shares in the secondary market may be more or less than the NAV of such Shares.
 
The approximate value of each Fund’s investments on a per-Share basis, the Indicative Intra-Day Value, or IIV, is disseminated by the NYSE Arca every 15 seconds during hours of trading on the NYSE Arca.  The IIV should not be viewed as a “real-time” update of NAV because the IIV may not be calculated in the same manner as NAV, which is computed once per day.
 
An independent third party calculator calculates the IIV for each Fund during hours of trading on the NYSE Arca by dividing the “Estimated Fund Value” as of the time of the calculation by the total number of outstanding Shares of that Fund. “Estimated Fund Value” is the sum of the estimated amount of cash held in a Fund’s portfolio, the estimated amount of accrued interest owed to the Fund and the estimated value of the securities held in the Fund’s portfolio, minus the estimated amount of the Fund’s liabilities.  The IIV will be calculated based on the same portfolio holdings disclosed on the Trust’s website.
 
The Funds provide the independent third party calculator with information to calculate the IIV, but the Funds are not involved in the actual calculation of the IIV and are not responsible for the calculation or dissemination of the IIV. The Funds make no warranty as to the accuracy of the IIV.

 
56

 
 
Determination of Net Asset Value
 
The NAV of the Shares for a Fund is equal to the Fund’s total assets minus the Fund’s total liabilities divided by the total number of shares outstanding. Interest and investment income on the Trust’s assets accrue daily and are included in the Fund’s total assets. Expenses and fees (including investment advisory, management, administration and distribution fees, if any) accrue daily and are included in the Fund’s total liabilities. The NAV that is published is rounded to the nearest cent; however, for purposes of determining the price of Creation Units, the NAV is calculated to five decimal places.
 
In calculating NAV, each Fund’s investments are valued using market quotations when available. When market quotations are not readily available, are deemed unreliable or do not reflect material events occurring between the close of local markets and the time of valuation, investments are valued using “fair value pricing” as determined in good faith under Pricing and Valuation Guidelines established by and under the general supervision and responsibility of the Trust’s Board of Trustees. Investments that may be valued using fair value pricing include, but are not limited to: (1) securities that are not actively traded, including “restricted” securities and securities received in private placements for which there is no public market; (2) securities of an issuer that becomes bankrupt or enters into a restructuring; (3) securities whose trading has been halted or suspended; and (4) foreign securities traded on exchanges that close before a Fund’s NAV is calculated.
 
The frequency with which each Fund’s investments are valued using fair value pricing is primarily a function of the types of securities and other assets in which the respective Fund invests pursuant to its investment objective, strategies and limitations. If the Funds invest in other open-end management investment companies registered under the 1940 Act, they may rely on the net asset values of those companies to value the shares they hold of them. Those companies may also use fair value pricing under some circumstances.
 
Valuing the Funds’ investments using fair value pricing results in using prices for those investments that may differ from current market valuations. Accordingly, fair value pricing could result in a difference between the prices used to calculate NAV and the prices used to determine a Fund’s Indicative Intra-Day Value (“IIV”), which could result in the market prices for Shares deviating from NAV.
 
The NAV is calculated by the Administrator and determined each Business Day as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE Arca (ordinarily 4:00 p.m. New York time).
 
Service and Distribution Plan
 
The Board of Trustees of the Trust has adopted a Service and Distribution Plan pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. In accordance with its Rule 12b-1 plan, each Fund is authorized to pay an amount up to 0.25% of its average daily net assets each year for certain distribution-related activities. The Trust’s Board of Trustees has resolved not to authorize the payment of Rule 12b-1 fees prior to March 31, 2012. However, in the event Rule 12b-1 fees are charged in the future, they will be paid out of the respective Fund’s assets, and over time they will increase the cost of your investment and they may cost you more than certain other types of sales charges.
 
The Advisor and its affiliates may, out of their own resources, pay amounts to third parties for distribution or marketing services on behalf of the Funds. The making of these payments could create a conflict of interest for a financial intermediary receiving such payments.
 
FREQUENT TRADING
 
The Trust’s Board of Trustees has not adopted policies and procedures with respect to frequent purchases and redemptions of Fund Shares by Fund shareholders (“market timing”). In determining not to approve a written, established policy limiting purchases and redemptions, the Board evaluated the nature of each of the Funds (i.e., a fund whose shares are expected to trade intra-day on the secondary market). In particular, the Board  considered that, unlike traditional mutual funds, the Funds directly issue and redeem their Shares in Creation Units at the NAV per Share generally in exchange for a basket of securities intended to replicate each Fund’s Underlying Index, plus a small amount of cash, and individual Shares may be purchased and sold in the secondary market at prevailing market prices.
 
Given this structure, the Board determined that it is unlikely that (a) market timing would be attempted by a Fund’s shareholders or (b) any attempts to market time the Funds by shareholders would result in negative impact to the Funds or their shareholders. However, creations and redemptions of Creation Units consisting of a significant amount of cash, although expected to be rare, could create the potential for market timing with its negative impact to the Funds and their shareholders. For instance, where the cash component represents a significant amount in relation to the basket of securities to be deposited upon a creation order or delivered upon a redemption order, a Fund may incur brokerage and other transactional costs, and frequent creation and redemption activity may significantly reverse such costs thereby increasing the Fund's tracking error and reducing the value of shares held by other shareholders.

 
57

 

The Board of Trustees has instructed the officers of the Trust to review reports of purchases and redemptions of Creation Units on a regular basis to determine if there is any unusual trading in the Funds.  The officers of the Trust will report to the Board any such unusual trading in Creation Units that is disruptive to the Funds. In such event, the Board may reconsider its decision not to adopt market timing policies and procedures.
 
 
Net Investment Income and Capital Gains.
 
As a Fund shareholder, you are entitled to your share of the Fund’s distributions of net investment income and net realized capital gains on its investments. The Funds pay out substantially all of their net earnings to their shareholders as “distributions.”
 
The Funds typically earn income dividends from stocks and interest from debt securities. These amounts, net of expenses, are typically passed along to Fund shareholders as dividends from net investment income. The Funds realize capital gains or losses whenever they sell securities. Net capital gains are distributed to shareholders as “capital gain distributions.”
 
Net investment income and net capital gains are typically distributed to shareholders at least annually.  Dividends may be declared and paid more frequently to improve index tracking or to comply with the distribution requirements of the Code. In addition, the Funds may determine to distribute at least annually amounts representing the full dividend yield net of expenses on the underlying investment securities, as if the Funds owned the underlying investment securities for the entire dividend period in which case some portion of each distribution may result in a return of capital. You will be notified regarding the portion of the distribution which represents a return of capital.
 
Distributions in cash may be reinvested automatically in additional Shares of your Fund only if the broker through which you purchased Shares makes such option available.
 
Federal Income Taxes
 
The following is a summary of the material US federal income tax considerations applicable to an investment in Shares of a Fund. The summary is based on the laws in effect on the date of this Prospectus and existing judicial and administrative interpretations thereof, all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. In addition, this summary assumes that a Fund shareholder holds Shares as capital assets within the meaning of the Code and does not hold Shares in connection with a trade or business. This summary does not address all potential US federal income tax considerations possibly applicable to an investment in Shares of a Fund, to Fund shareholders that are, or that are holding Shares through, a partnership (or other pass-through entity) or to Fund shareholders subject to special tax rules. Prospective Fund shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisors with respect to the specific federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences of investing in Fund shares.
 
The Funds have not requested and will not request an advance ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) as to the federal income tax matters described below. The IRS could adopt positions contrary to those discussed below and such positions could be sustained. Prospective investors should consult their own tax advisors with regard to the federal tax consequences of the purchase, ownership or disposition of Shares, as well as the tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, foreign country or other taxing jurisdiction.
 
Tax Treatment of a Fund
 
Each Fund intends to qualify and elect to be treated as a separate “regulated investment company” under the Code. To qualify and maintain its tax status as a regulated investment company, each Fund must meet annually certain income and asset diversification requirements and must distribute annually at least 90% of its “investment company taxable income” (which includes dividends, interest and net short-term capital gains).
 
As a regulated investment company, a Fund generally will not have to pay corporate-level federal income taxes on any ordinary income or capital gains that it distributes to its shareholders. If a Fund fails to qualify as a regulated investment company for any year (subject to certain corrective measures that may apply), the Fund will be subject to regular corporate level income tax in that year on all of its taxable income, regardless of whether the Fund makes any distributions to its shareholders. In addition, distributions will be taxable to a Fund’s shareholders generally as ordinary dividends to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits.

 
58

 

A Fund may be required to recognize taxable income in advance of receiving the related cash payment.  For example, if a Fund invests in original issue discount obligations (such as zero coupon debt instruments or debt instruments with payment-in-kind interest), the Fund will be required to include in income each year a portion of the original issue discount that accrues over the term of the obligation, even if the related cash payment is not received by the Fund until a later year. Under certain provisions in the Code, including the “wash sale” rules, the Fund may not be able to deduct a loss on a disposition of a portfolio security. As a result, the Fund may be required to make an annual income distribution greater than the total cash actually received during the year. Such distribution may be made from the cash assets of the Fund or by selling portfolio securities. The Fund may realize gains or losses from such sales, in which event its shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution than they would in the absence of such transactions.
 
A Fund will be subject to a 4% excise tax on certain undistributed income if the Fund does not distribute to its shareholders in each calendar year at least 98% of its ordinary income for the calendar year plus 98.2% of its capital gain net income for the twelve months ended October 31 of such year. Each Fund intends to make distributions necessary to avoid the 4% excise tax.
 
Tax Treatment of Fund Shareholders
 
 
Distributions of a Fund’s net investment income (except, as discussed below, qualifying dividend income) and net short-term capital gains are taxable as ordinary income to the extent of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits. Distributions of a Fund’s net long-term capital gains in excess of net short-term capital losses are taxable as long-term capital gain to the extent of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits, regardless of a Fund shareholder’s holding period in the Fund’s Shares. As discussed below, distributions of qualifying dividend income are taxable as long-term capital gain to the extent of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits, provided that the Fund shareholder meets certain holding period and other requirements with respect to the distributing Fund’s Shares and the distributing Fund meets certain holding period and other requirements with respect to its dividend-paying stocks.
 
Each Fund intends to distribute its long-term capital gains at least annually. However, by providing written notice to its shareholders no later than 60 days after its year-end, a Fund may elect to retain some or all of its long-term capital gains and designate the retained amount as a “deemed distribution.” In that event, the Fund pays income tax on the retained long-term capital gain, and each Fund shareholder recognizes a proportionate share of the Fund’s undistributed long-term capital gain. In addition, each Fund shareholder can claim a refundable tax credit for the shareholder’s proportionate share of the Fund’s income taxes paid on the undistributed long-term capital gain and increase the tax basis of the Shares by an amount equal to the shareholder’s proportionate share of the Fund’s undistributed long-term capital gains, reduced by the amount of the shareholder’s tax credit.
 
Long-term capital gains of non-corporate Fund shareholders (i.e., individuals, trusts and estates) are taxed at a maximum rate of 15% for taxable years that began on or before December 31, 2012. In addition, for those taxable years, Fund distributions of qualifying dividend income to non-corporate Fund shareholders qualify for taxation at long-term capital gain rates. Under current law, the taxation of qualifying dividend income at long-term capital gain rates will no longer apply for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2012.
 
Investors considering buying Shares just prior to a distribution should be aware that, although the price of the Shares purchased at such time may reflect the forthcoming distribution, such distribution nevertheless may be taxable (as opposed to a non-taxable return of capital).
 
Sales of Shares. Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of Shares is treated generally as a long-term gain or loss if the Shares have been held for more than one year. Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of Shares held for one year or less is generally treated as a short-term gain or loss, except that any capital loss on the sale of Shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent that capital gain dividends were paid with respect to the Shares.

 
59

 

Creation Unit Issues and Redemptions. On an issue of Shares of a Fund as part of a Creation Unit, an Authorized Participant recognizes capital gain or loss equal to the difference between (1) the fair market value (at issue) of the issued Shares (plus any cash received by the Authorized Participant as part of the issue) and (2) the Authorized Participant’s aggregate basis in the exchanged securities (plus any cash paid by the Authorized Participant as part of the issue). On a redemption of Shares as part of a Creation Unit, an Authorized Participant recognizes capital gain or loss equal to the difference between (1) the fair market value (at redemption) of the securities received (plus any cash received by the authorized participant as part of the redemption) and (2) the authorized participant’s basis in the redeemed Shares (plus any cash paid by the authorized participant as part of the redemption). However, the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) may assert, under the “wash sale” rules or on the basis that there has been no significant change in the authorized participant’s economic position, that any loss on creation or redemption of Creation Units cannot be deducted currently.
 
In general, any capital gain or loss recognized upon the issue or redemption of Shares (as components of a Creation Unit) is treated either as long-term capital gain or loss, if the deposited securities (in the case of an issue) or the Shares (in the case of a redemption) have been held for more than one year, or otherwise as short-term capital gain or loss. However, any capital loss on a redemption of Shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent that capital gain dividends were paid with respect to such Shares.
 
Back-Up Withholding. A Fund may be required to report certain information on a Fund shareholder to the IRS and withhold federal income tax (“backup withholding”) at a 28% rate from all taxable distributions and redemption proceeds payable to the Fund shareholder if the Fund shareholder fails to provide the Fund with a correct taxpayer identification number (or, in the case of a US individual, a social security number) or a completed exemption certificate (e.g., an IRS Form W-8BEN in the case of a foreign Fund shareholder) or if the IRS notifies the Fund that the Fund shareholder is otherwise subject to backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amount withheld may be credited against a Fund shareholder’s federal income tax liability.
 
Special Issues for Foreign Shareholders. If a Fund shareholder is not a US citizen or resident or if a Fund shareholder is a foreign entity, the Fund’s ordinary income dividends (including distributions of net short-term capital gains and other amounts that would not be subject to US withholding tax if paid directly to foreign Fund shareholders) will be subject, in general, to withholding tax at a rate of 30% (or at a lower rate established under an applicable tax treaty). A special rule for regulated investment companies (such as the Fund) provided that, for tax years that began on or before December 31, 2011, interest-related dividends and short-term capital gain dividends generally will not be subject to withholding tax; provided that the foreign Fund shareholder furnishes the Fund with a completed IRS Form W-8BEN (or acceptable substitute documentation) establishing the Fund shareholder’s status as foreign and that the Fund does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that the foreign Fund shareholder would be subject to withholding tax if the foreign Fund shareholder were to receive the related amounts directly rather than as dividends from the Fund.
 
To claim a credit or refund for any Fund-level taxes on any undistributed long-term capital gains (as discussed above) or any taxes collected through back-up withholding, a foreign Fund shareholder must obtain a US taxpayer identification number and file a federal income tax return even if the foreign Fund shareholder would not otherwise be required to obtain a US taxpayer identification number or file a US income tax return.
 
For a more detailed tax discussion regarding an investment in the Funds, and for special tax treatment on the sale and distribution by certain funds, please see the section of the SAI entitled “Federal Income Taxes.”
 
LICENSE AGREEMENT
 
The Advisor has entered into a licensing agreement with Morningstar to use each of the Indexes described above.  Each Fund is entitled to use its respective Underlying Index, without charge, pursuant to a sub-licensing arrangement with the Advisor.
 
The information contained herein regarding Morningstar US Market Index, Morningstar Large Cap Index, Morningstar Mid Cap Index, Morningstar Small Cap Index, Morningstar Basic Materials Index, Morningstar Communications Services Index, Morningstar Consumer Cyclical Index, Morningstar Consumer Defensive Index, Morningstar Energy Index, Morningstar Financial Services Index, Morningstar Health Care Index, Morningstar Industrials Index, Morningstar Real Estate Index, Morningstar Technology Index and Morningstar Utilities Index (each, an “Underlying Index”) and Morningstar, Inc. (“Morningstar” or the “Index Provider”) was provided by the Index Provider, while the information contained herein regarding the securities markets and The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) was obtained from publicly available sources.

 
60

 

Shares of the Trust are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Morningstar. Morningstar makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of the shares of the Trust or any member of the public regarding the advisability of trading in the product(s). Morningstar has no obligation to take the needs of FocusShares, LLC (in its capacity as licensee of the underlying indexes, the “licensee”) or the owners of the shares of the Trust into consideration in determining, composing or calculating the underlying indexes. Morningstar is not responsible for and has not participated in the determination of the timing of, prices at, or quantities of the shares of the trust to be listed or in the determination or calculation of the equation by which the shares of the trust are to be converted into cash. Morningstar has no obligation or liability in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the shares of the trust.

Morningstar does not guarantee the accuracy and/or the completeness of the underlying indexes or any data included therein and Morningstar shall have no liability for any errors, omissions, or interruptions therein. Morningstar makes no warranty, express or implied, as to results to be obtained by licensee, owners of the shares of the trust, or any other person or entity from the use of the underlying indexes or any data included therein. Morningstar makes no express or implied warranties, and expressly disclaims all warranties, of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or use with respect to the underlying indexes or any data included therein, without limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall Morningstar have any liability for any lost profits or indirect, punitive, special or consequential damages (including lost profits), even if notified of the possibility of such damages. There are no third party beneficiaries of any agreements or arrangements between Morningstar and Licensee.

Morningstar® is a registered trademark of Morningstar, Inc.  Morningstar Basic MaterialsSM, Morningstar Communication ServicesSM, Morningstar Consumer CyclicalSM, Morningstar Consumer DefensiveSM, Morningstar EnergySM, Morningstar Financial ServicesSM, Morningstar Health CareSM, Morningstar IndustrialsSM, Morningstar Large CapSM, Morningstar Mid CapSM, Morningstar Real EstateSM, Morningstar Small CapSM, Morningstar TechnologySM, Morningstar US MarketSM, Morningstar UtilitiesSM are service marks of Morningstar, Inc.

CODE OF ETHICS
 
The Trust and the Advisor each have adopted a code of ethics under Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act which is designed to prevent affiliated persons of the Trust and the Advisor from engaging in deceptive, manipulative or fraudulent activities in connection with securities held or to be acquired by the Funds (which may also be held by persons subject to a code). There can be no assurance that the codes will be effective in preventing such activities. The codes permit personnel subject to them to invest in securities, including securities that may be held or purchased by the Funds. The codes are on file with the SEC and are available to the public.
 
FUND WEBSITE AND DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS
 
The Advisor maintains a website for the Funds at www.focusshares.com. The website for the Funds contains the following information, on a per-Share basis, for each Fund: (1) the prior Business Day’s NAV; (2) the reported mid point of the bid-ask spread at the time of NAV calculation (the “Bid-Ask Price”); (3) a calculation of the premium or discount of the Bid-Ask Price against such NAV; and (4) Fund share daily trading volume. In addition, on each Business Day, before the commencement of trading in Shares on the NYSE Arca, each Fund will disclose on its website (www.focusshares.com) the identities and quantities of the portfolio securities and other assets held by each Fund that will form the basis for the calculation of NAV at the end of the Business Day.
 
A description of each Fund’s policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Fund’s portfolio securities is available in the SAI.
 
 
The Trust was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on July 10, 2007. Its Declaration of Trust currently permits the Trust to issue an unlimited number of Shares of beneficial interest. If shareholders are required to vote on any matters, each Share outstanding would be entitled to one vote.  Annual meetings of shareholders will not be held except as required by the 1940 Act and other applicable law. See the Funds’ SAI for more information concerning the Trust’s form of organization. Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act restricts investments by investment companies in the securities of other investment companies, including Shares of the Funds.

 
61

 

The Funds are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by the NYSE Arca.  The NYSE Arca makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of Shares or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities generally or in the Funds particularly or the ability of the Funds to achieve their objectives. The NYSE Arca has no obligation or liability in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the Funds.
 
For purposes of the 1940 Act, the Funds are registered investment companies, and the acquisition of Shares by other registered investment companies and companies relying on exemption from registration as investment companies under Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act is subject to the restrictions of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act, except as permitted by an exemptive order that permits registered investment companies to invest in the Funds beyond those limitations.
 
 
The Funds have not yet commenced operations as of the date of this Prospectus and therefore do not have a financial  history.

 
62

 

FOCUSSHARES TRUST PRIVACY POLICY
 
The following notice does not constitute part of the prospectus, nor is it incorporated into the prospectus.
 
FocusShares Trust is committed to respecting the privacy of personal information you entrust to us in the course of doing business with us.
 
The Trust may collect nonpublic personal information from various sources.  The Trust uses such information provided by you or your representative to process transactions, to respond to inquiries from you, to deliver reports, products, and services, and to fulfill legal and regulatory requirements.
 
We do not disclose any nonpublic personal information about our customers to anyone unless permitted by law or approved by the customer.  We may share this information within the Trust’s family of companies in the course of providing services and products to best meet your investing needs.  We may share information with certain third parties who are not affiliated with the Trust to perform marketing services, to process or service a transaction at your request or as permitted by law.  For example, sharing information with companies that maintain or service customer accounts for the Trust is essential.  We may also share information with companies that perform administrative or marketing services for the Trust, including research firms.  When we enter into such a relationship, we restrict the companies’ use of our customers’ information and prohibit them from sharing it or using it for any purposes other than those for which they were hired.
 
We maintain physical, electronic, and procedural safeguards to protect your personal information.  Within the Trust, we restrict access to personal information to those employees who require access to that information in order to provide products or services to our customers such as handling inquiries.  Our employment policies restrict the use of customer information and require that it be held in strict confidence.
 
We will adhere to the policies and practices described in this notice for both current and former customers of the Trust.

 
63

 
 
For More Information
 
If you would like more information about the Trust, the Funds and the Shares, the following documents are available free upon request:
 
Annual/Semi-annual Report
 
Additional information about the Funds’ investments is available in the Funds annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders. In the Funds’ annual report, you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Funds’ performance during the last fiscal year.
 
Statement of Additional Information
 
Additional information about the Funds and their policies is also available in the Funds’ SAI. The SAI is incorporated by reference into this prospectus (and is legally considered part of this prospectus).
 
The Funds’ annual and semi-annual reports and the SAI are available free upon request by calling Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “Distributor”) toll-free at (866) 453-5199.  You can also access and download the annual and semi-annual reports and the SAI at the Funds’ website: http://www.focusshares.com.
 
To obtain other information and for shareholder inquiries:
 
By telephone:
(866) 453-5199
   
By mail:
Foreside Fund Services, LLC
 
Three Canal Plaza
 
Portland, ME 04101
 
Attn: ETF Services
   
On the Internet:
SEC Edgar database: www.sec.gov;
 
Distributor website www.foreside.com or
 
Trust website www.focusshares.com
 
You may review and obtain copies of Fund documents (including the SAI) by visiting the SEC’s public reference room in Washington, D.C. You may also obtain copies of Fund documents, after paying a duplicating fee, by writing to the SEC’s Public Reference Section, Washington, D.C. 20549-1520 or by electronic request to: publicinfo@sec.gov. Information on the operation of the public reference room may be obtained by calling the SEC at (202) 551-8090.
 
No person is authorized to give any information or to make any representations about the Funds and their Shares not contained in this prospectus and you should not rely on any other information.  Read and keep the prospectus for future reference.
 
Dealers effecting transactions in the Funds’ Shares, whether or not participating in this distribution, may be generally required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to any obligation dealers have to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters.
 
The Funds’ investment company registration number is 811-22128.

 
 

 
 
FOCUSSHARES TRUST
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
 
The information in this Statement of Additional Information is not complete and may be changed. A registration statement relating to these securities has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The securities described herein may not be sold until the registration statement becomes effective. This Statement of Additional Information is not an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state in which the offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful.
 
Preliminary, Subject to Completion, dated [ • ] [ • ], 2011
 
This Statement of Additional Information (this “SAI”) is not a prospectus. It should be read in conjunction with and is incorporated by reference into the prospectus dated [ • ], 2011, as it may be revised from time to time (the “Prospectus”), for the FocusShares Trust (the “Trust”), relating to the following funds of the Trust (collectively, the “Funds” and, each, a “Fund”):
 
Fund
 
CUSIP
 
Ticker
   
 
   
Focus Morningstar US Market Index ETF
 
34416W502
 
FMU
Focus Morningstar Large Cap Index ETF
 
34416W601
 
FLG
Focus Morningstar Mid Cap Index ETF
 
34416W700
 
FMM
Focus Morningstar Small Cap Index ETF
 
34416W809
 
FOS
Focus Morningstar Basic Materials Index ETF
 
34416W882
 
FBM
Focus Morningstar Communication Services Index ETF
 
34416W874
 
FCQ
Focus Morningstar Consumer Cyclical Index ETF
 
34416W866
 
FCL
Focus Morningstar Consumer Defensive Index ETF
 
34416W858
 
FCD
Focus Morningstar Energy Index ETF
 
34416W841
 
FEG
Focus Morningstar Financial Services Index ETF
 
34416W833
 
FFL
Focus Morningstar Health Care Index ETF
 
34416W825
 
FHC
Focus Morningstar Industrials Index ETF
 
34416W817
 
FIL
Focus Morningstar Real Estate Index ETF
 
34416W791
 
FRL
Focus Morningstar Technology Index ETF
 
34416W783
 
FTQ
Focus Morningstar Utilities Index ETF
 
34416W775
 
FUI
 
A copy of each Prospectus and, when available, the Annual Report and Semi-Annual Report may be obtained without charge by writing to the Trust’s distributor, Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “Distributor”) at Three Canal Plaza, Portland, Maine 04101-4088, calling the Distributor toll-free at (866) 453-5199.
 
Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the same meaning as in the Prospectus, unless otherwise noted.
 
An investment in Shares of the Fund is not a deposit or other obligation of, or issued, endorsed or guaranteed by, Scottrade Bank or any of its affiliates and is not insured, guaranteed, or endorsed by the U.S. Government, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, or any other government agency. An investment in Shares of the Fund involves investment risks, including possible loss of principal.
 
Dated [ • ], 2011
 
 
 

 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST
1
EXCHANGE LISING AND TRADING
1
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES
2
INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISKS
4
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS AND RISKS
9
PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS DISCLOSURE
10
CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF THE UNDERLYING INDEXES
11
MANAGEMENT
13
CODE OF ETHICS
17
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
17
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
17
INVESTMENT ADVISORY, ADMINISTRATIVE AND DISTRIBUTION SERVICES
18
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
20
COUNSEL
20
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE
22
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONCERNING THE TRUST
22
BOOK ENTRY ONLY SYSTEM
23
CREATION AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNITS
24
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
29
INDICATIVE INTRA-DAY VALUE
29
DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
30
FEDERAL INCOME TAXES
30
OTHER INFORMATION
35
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
35
 
 
 

 
 
The information contained herein regarding Morningstar US Market Index, Morningstar Large Cap Index, Morningstar Mid Cap Index, Morningstar Small Cap Index, Morningstar Basic Materials Index, Morningstar Communications Services Index, Morningstar Consumer Cyclical Index, Morningstar Consumer Defensive Index, Morningstar Energy Index, Morningstar Financial Services Index, Morningstar Health Care Index, Morningstar Industrials Index, Morningstar Real Estate Index, Morningstar Technology Index and Morningstar Utilities Index (each, an “Underlying Index”) and Morningstar, Inc. (“Morningstar” or the “Index Provider”) was provided by the Index Provider, while the information contained herein regarding the securities markets and The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) was obtained from publicly available sources.
 
SHARES OF THE TRUST ARE NOT SPONSORED, ENDORSED, SOLD OR PROMOTED BY MORNINGSTAR. MORNINGSTAR MAKES NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, TO THE OWNERS OF THE SHARES OF THE TRUST OR ANY MEMBER OF THE PUBLIC REGARDING THE ADVISABILITY OF TRADING IN THE PRODUCT(S). MORNINGSTAR HAS NO OBLIGATION TO TAKE THE NEEDS OF FOCUSSHARES, LLC (IN ITS CAPACITY AS LICENSEE OF THE UNDERLYING INDEXES, THE “LICENSEE”) OR THE OWNERS OF THE SHARES OF THE TRUST INTO CONSIDERATION IN DETERMINING, COMPOSING OR CALCULATING THE UNDERLYING INDEXES. MORNINGSTAR IS NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR AND HAS NOT PARTICIPATED IN THE DETERMINATION OF THE TIMING OF, PRICES AT, OR QUANTITIES OF THE SHARES OF THE TRUST TO BE LISTED OR IN THE DETERMINATION OR CALCULATION OF THE EQUATION BY WHICH THE SHARES OF THE TRUST ARE TO BE CONVERTED INTO CASH. MORNINGSTAR HAS NO OBLIGATION OR LIABILITY IN CONNECTION WITH THE ADMINISTRATION, MARKETING OR TRADING OF THE SHARES OF THE TRUST.
 
MORNINGSTAR DOES NOT GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY AND/OR THE COMPLETENESS OF THE UNDERLYING INDEXES OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN AND MORNINGSTAR SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR INTERRUPTIONS THEREIN. MORNINGSTAR MAKES NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED BY LICENSEE, OWNERS OF THE SHARES OF THE TRUST, OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY FROM THE USE OF THE UNDERLYING INDEXES OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. MORNINGSTAR MAKES NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE WITH RESPECT TO THE UNDERLYING INDEXES OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN, WITHOUT LIMITING ANY OF THE FOREGOING, IN NO EVENT SHALL MORNINGSTAR HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR ANY LOST PROFITS OR INDIRECT, PUNITIVE, SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING LOST PROFITS), EVEN IF NOTIFIED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. THERE ARE NO THIRD PARTY BENEFICIARIES OF ANY AGREEMENTS OR ARRANGEMENTS BETWEEN MORNINGSTAR AND LICENSEE.
 
Morningstar® and Morningstar Style Box® are registered trademarks of Morningstar, Inc.  Morningstar Basic MaterialsSM, Morningstar Communication ServicesSM, Morningstar Consumer CyclicalSM, Morningstar Consumer DefensiveSM, Morningstar EnergySM, Morningstar Financial ServicesSM, Morningstar Health CareSM, Morningstar IndustrialsSM, Morningstar Large CapSM, Morningstar Mid CapSM, Morningstar Real EstateSM, Morningstar Small CapSM, Morningstar TechnologySM, Morningstar US MarketSM, Morningstar UtilitiesSM are service marks of Morningstar, Inc.

 
(ii)

 
 
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST
 
FocusShares Trust (“Trust”) is an open-end management investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”), currently consisting of fifteen (15) investment portfolios (each, a “Fund”). FocusShares, LLC (“Advisor”) is the investment adviser to each Fund. Each of the Focus Morningstar US Market Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Large Cap Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Mid Cap Index ETF and Focus Morningstar Small Cap Index ETF is a diversified investment company.  Each other Fund is a non-diversified investment company.  Each Fund invests  in common stocks consisting of some or all of the component securities of each Fund’s respective benchmark index. The Trust was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on July 10, 2007. From November 28, 2007 until October 30, 2008, the Trust operated four exchange-traded funds that have been closed and liquidated.  From October 30, 2008 until the inception of the Funds covered by this SAI, the Trust had no operations.
 
The shares of each Fund are referred to herein as “Shares.”  This SAI relates to the following Funds:
 
Diversified Funds  
Focus Morningstar US Market Index ETF  (FMU)
Focus Morningstar Large Cap Index ETF  (FLG)
Focus Morningstar Mid Cap Index ETF  (FMM)
Focus Morningstar Small Cap Index ETF  (FOS)
 
Non-Diversified Funds  
Focus Morningstar Basic Materials Index ETF  (FBM)
Focus Morningstar Communication Services Index ETF  (FCQ)
Focus Morningstar Consumer Cyclical Index ETF  (FCL)
Focus Morningstar Consumer Defensive Index ETF  (FCD)
Focus Morningstar Energy Index ETF  (FEG)
Focus Morningstar Financial Services Index ETF  (FFL)
Focus Morningstar Health Care Index ETF  (FHC)
Focus Morningstar Industrials Index ETF  (FIL)
Focus Morningstar Real Estate Index ETF  (FRL)
Focus Morningstar Technology Index ETF  (FTQ)
Focus Morningstar Utilities Index ETF  (FUI)
 
The investment objective of each Fund is to provide investment results that correspond generally to the price and yield performance, before fees and expenses, of a specified benchmark index (each, an “Underlying Index”) representing publicly-traded equity securities of issuers in a particular broad market, market segment, market sector or group of industries.

Each Fund offers and issues shares at their net asset value per share (“NAV”) only in aggregations of a specified number of shares (“Creation Unit”), generally in exchange for a basket of equity securities included in its Underlying Index (the “Deposit Securities”), together with the deposit of a specified cash payment (the “Cash Component”). Each Fund anticipates that its Shares will trade on the NYSE Arca, Inc. (the “Exchange”).  Shares trade in the secondary market and elsewhere at market prices that may be at, above or below NAV. Shares are redeemable only in Creation Units, and, generally, in exchange for portfolio securities and a Cash Component. Creation Units typically are a specified number of shares, generally ranging from 50,000 to 100,000 or multiples thereof.

The Trust reserves the right to offer a “cash” option for creations and redemptions of shares. Shares may be issued in advance of receipt of Deposit Securities subject to various conditions, including a requirement to maintain with the Trust a cash deposit equal to at least 110% for domestic funds or 115% for foreign funds, which the Advisor may change from time to time, of the market value of the omitted Deposit Securities. See the “Creation and Redemption of Creation Units” section of this SAI. Transaction fees for cash creations or redemptions may be higher than the transaction fees associated with in-kind creations or redemptions. In all cases, conditions and fees will be limited in accordance with the requirements of SEC rules and regulations applicable to management investment companies offering redeemable securities.
 
EXCHANGE LISTING AND TRADING
 
There can be no assurance that the requirements of the Exchange necessary for each Fund to maintain the listing of its Shares will continue to be met. The Exchange will consider the suspension of trading and delisting of the Shares of a Fund from listing if (i) following the initial 12-month period beginning at the commencement of trading of a Fund, there are fewer than 50 beneficial owners of the Shares of the Fund for 30 or more consecutive trading days; (ii) the value of the Underlying Index is no longer calculated or available; or (iii) such other event shall occur or condition exist that, in the opinion of the Exchange, makes further trading on the Exchange inadvisable. The Exchange will remove the Shares of a Fund from listing and trading upon termination of such Fund.

 
 

 

As in the case of other stocks traded on the Exchange, brokers’ commissions on transactions will be based on negotiated commission rates at customary levels.

The Trust reserves the right to adjust the price levels of the Shares in the future to maintain convenient trading ranges for investors. Any adjustments would be accomplished through stock splits or reverse stock splits, which would have no effect on the net assets of each Fund.
 
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE AND POLICIES
 
Investment Objectives
 
Each Fund has a distinct investment objective and policies. There can be no assurance that a Fund’s objective will be achieved. The investment objective of each Fund is to provide investment results that correspond generally to the price and yield (before the Fund’s fees and expenses) of its Underlying Index.
 
All investment objectives and investment policies not specifically designated as fundamental may be changed without shareholder approval. Additional information about the Funds, their policies, and the investment instruments they may hold, is provided below.
 
The Funds’ share prices will fluctuate with market and economic. The Funds should not be relied upon as a complete investment program.
 
Morningstar serves as the index provider to the Trust for the Funds and uses a proprietary rules-based methodology (the “Index Methodology”) to construct and maintain the Underlying Index of each Fund.
 
Investment Restrictions
 
The investment restrictions set forth below have been adopted by the Board of Trustees of the Trust (the “Board” or the “Trustees”) as fundamental policies that cannot be changed with respect to a Fund without the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the outstanding voting securities of the Fund. The investment objective of each Fund and all other investment policies or practices of the Fund are considered by the Trust not to be fundamental and accordingly may be changed without shareholder approval. For purposes of the 1940 Act, a “majority of the outstanding voting securities” means the lesser of the vote of (i) 67% or more of the Shares of the Fund present at a meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding Shares of the Fund are present or represented by proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the Shares of the Fund.
 
For purposes of the following limitations, if a percentage limitation is adhered to at the time of investment or contract, a later increase or decrease in percentage resulting from any change in value or total or net assets will not result in a violation of such restriction, except that the percentage limitations with respect to the borrowing of money and illiquid securities will be continuously complied with.
 
As a matter of fundamental policy, a Fund (except as to any specific Fund otherwise noted below) may not:
 
A.           Make loans, except that the Fund may (i) lend portfolio securities, (ii) enter into repurchase agreements and (iii) purchase all or a portion of an issue of debt securities, bank loan or participation interests, bank certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances, debentures or other securities, whether or not the purchase is made upon the original issuance of the securities;
 
B.           Borrow money, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, and as interpreted or modified by regulation from time to time;
 
C.           Issue senior securities, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, and as interpreted or modified by regulation from time to time;
 
D.           Purchase a security (other than obligations of the US Government, its agencies or instrumentalities) if, as a result, 25% or more of its total assets would be invested in a single issuer;
 
 
2

 
 
E.           Purchase, hold or deal in real estate, except that the Fund may (i) invest in securities of issuers that invest in real estate or interests therein; (ii) invest in mortgage-related securities and other securities that are secured by real estate or interests therein; and (iii) hold and sell real estate acquired by the Fund as a result of the ownership of securities;
 
F.           Engage in the business of underwriting securities issued by others, except to the extent that the Fund may be considered an underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), in the disposition of restricted securities or in connection with its investments in other investment companies;
 
G.           Purchase or sell commodities, unless acquired as a result of owning securities or other instruments, but it may purchase, sell or enter into financial options and futures, forward and spot contracts, and other financial contracts or derivative instruments and may invest in securities or other instruments backed by commodities; or
 
H.           Purchase any security if, as a result of that purchase, 25% or more of its total assets would be invested in securities of issuers having their principal business activities in the same industry, except that each Fund may invest 25% or more of the value of its total assets in securities of issuers in any one industry or group of industries if the Fund’s Underlying Index concentrates in an industry or group of industries. This limit does not apply to securities issued or guaranteed by the US government, its agencies or instrumentalities.
 
In addition to the investment restrictions adopted as fundamental policies as set forth above, each Fund observes the following restrictions, which may be changed by the Board without a shareholder vote. Each Fund will not:
 
A.           Invest in securities which are “illiquid” securities, including repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days and options traded over-the-counter, if the result is that more than 15% of a Fund’s net assets would be invested in such securities;
 
B.           Mortgage, pledge or otherwise encumber its assets, except to secure borrowing effected in accordance with the fundamental restriction on borrowing set forth above;
 
C.           Make short sales of securities;
 
D.           Purchase any security on margin, except for such short-term loans as are necessary for clearance of securities transactions. The deposit or payment by a Fund or initial or variation margin in connection with futures contracts or related options thereon is not considered the purchase of a security on margin;
 
E.           Participate in a joint or joint-and-several basis in any trading account in securities, although transactions for the Funds and any other account under common or affiliated management may be combined or allocated between the Fund and such account; or
 
F.           Purchase securities of open-end or closed-end investment companies except in compliance with the 1940 Act.
 
As long as the aforementioned investment restrictions are complied with, each Fund may invest its remaining assets in money market instruments or funds which reinvest exclusively in money market instruments, in stocks that are in the relevant market but not its Underlying Index, and/or in combinations of certain stock index futures contracts, options on such futures contracts, stock options, stock index options and options on the Shares, each with a view towards providing each Fund with exposure to the stocks in its respective Underlying Index. These investments may be made to invest uncommitted cash balances or, in limited circumstances, to assist in meeting shareholder redemptions of Creation Units. Each Fund also will not invest in money market instruments as part of a temporary defensive strategy to protect against potential stock market declines.

 
3

 
 
INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISKS
 
A discussion of the risks associated with an investment in each Fund is contained in the Funds’ Prospectus under the headings “Principal Investment Strategies” and “Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund” in each Fund’s summary section and under the headings “Additional Description of the Principal Strategies of the Funds” and “Additional Description of the Principal Risks of the Funds” in the statutory prospectus. The discussion below supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, such sections of the Funds’ Prospectus.
 
General
 
Each Fund seeks to achieve its objective by investing primarily in securities issued by issuers that comprise its relevant Underlying Index and through transactions that provide substantially similar exposure to securities in the Underlying Index. Each Fund operates as an index fund and will not be actively managed. Adverse performance of a security in each Fund’s portfolio will ordinarily not result in the elimination of the security from a Fund’s portfolio.

The Funds will utilize either a replication indexing strategy or a representative sampling indexing strategy.  Each Fund engaging in a replication will attempt to track the Underlying Index by purchasing the securities that are components of its Underlying Index in a substantially similar weighting as such securities appear in the Underlying Index.  Each Fund engaging in representative sampling will attempt to track the Underlying Index by investing in a sample of securities selected by the Advisor to have a collective investment profile similar to that of the Fund’s Underlying Index. Securities selected for representative sampling purposes have aggregate investment characteristics (based on market capitalization and industry weightings), fundamental characteristics (such as return variability, earnings valuation and yield) and liquidity measures similar to those of the Underlying Index. Funds that use representative sampling generally do not hold all of the securities that are in their relevant Underlying Indexes.

With respect to 75% of a Fund’s total assets, a “diversified” fund is limited by the 1940 Act such that it does not invest more than 5% of its total assets in securities of any one issuer and does not acquire more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer (excluding cash and cash items, government securities, and securities of other investment companies). The remaining 25% of the fund’s total assets may be invested in any manner.

A “non-diversified” fund is a fund that is not limited by the 1940 Act with regard to the percentage of its assets that may be invested in the securities of a single issuer. The securities of a particular issuer (or securities of issuers in particular industries) may dominate the underlying index of such a fund and, consequently, the fund’s investment portfolio. This may adversely affect the fund’s performance or subject the fund’s shares to greater price volatility than that experienced by more diversified investment companies.

Each Fund (whether diversified or non-diversified) intends to maintain the required level of diversification and otherwise conduct its operations so as to qualify as a Regulated Investment Company (“RIC”) for purposes of the US Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, (the “Code”) and to relieve the Fund of any liability for US federal income tax to the extent that its earnings are distributed to shareholders, provided that the Fund satisfies a minimum distribution requirement. Compliance with the diversification requirements of the Internal Revenue Code may limit the investment flexibility of certain Funds and may make it less likely that such Funds will meet their investment objective.

Lending Portfolio Securities

Each Fund may lend portfolio securities to certain creditworthy borrowers. The borrowers provide collateral that is maintained in an amount at least equal to the current market value of the securities loaned. No securities loan shall be made on behalf of a Fund if, as a result, the aggregate value of all securities loans of the particular Fund exceeds one-third of the value of such Fund’s total assets (including the value of the collateral received). A Fund may terminate a loan at any time and obtain the return of the securities loaned. Each Fund receives the value of any interest or cash or non-cash distributions paid on the loaned securities.

With respect to loans that are collateralized by cash, the borrower will be entitled to receive a fee based on the amount of cash collateral. The Funds are compensated by the difference between the amount earned on the reinvestment of cash collateral and the fee paid to the borrower. In the case of collateral other than cash, a Fund is compensated by a fee paid by the borrower equal to a percentage of the market value of the loaned securities. Any cash collateral may be reinvested in certain short-term instruments either directly on behalf of each lending Fund or through one or more joint accounts or money market funds; such reinvestments are subject to investment risk.

 
4

 

Securities lending involves exposure to certain risks, including operational risk (i.e., the risk of losses resulting from problems in the settlement and accounting process), “gap” risk (i.e., the risk of a mismatch between the return on cash collateral reinvestments and the fees each Fund has agreed to pay a borrower), and credit, legal, counterparty and market risk. In the event a borrower does not return a Fund’s securities as agreed, the Fund may experience losses if the proceeds received from liquidating the collateral does not at least equal the value of the loaned security at the time the collateral is liquidated plus the transaction costs incurred in purchasing replacement securities. This event could trigger adverse tax consequences for the Funds.

Each Fund pays a portion of the interest or fees earned from securities lending to a borrower as described above and to a securities lending agent who administers the lending program in accordance with guidelines approved by the Board. To the extent that the Funds engage in securities lending, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (“JPMorgan”) acts as securities lending agent for the Funds subject to the overall supervision of JPMorgan. JPMorgan receives a portion of the revenues generated by securities lending activities as compensation for its services.

Repurchase Agreements

The Funds may enter into repurchase agreements. A repurchase agreement is an instrument under which the purchaser (i.e., a Fund) acquires the security and the seller agrees, at the time of the sale, to repurchase the security at a mutually agreed upon time and price, thereby determining the yield during the purchaser’s holding period. Repurchase agreements may be construed to be collateralized loans by the purchaser to the seller secured by the securities transferred to the purchaser. If a repurchase agreement is construed to be a collateralized loan, the underlying securities will not be considered to be owned by each Fund but only to constitute collateral for the seller’s obligation to pay the repurchase price, and, in the event of a default by the seller, each Fund may suffer time delays and incur costs or losses in connection with the disposition of the collateral.

In any repurchase transaction, the collateral for a repurchase agreement may include: (i) cash items; (ii) obligations issued by the US government or its agencies or instrumentalities; or (iii) obligations that, at the time the repurchase agreement is entered into, are rated in the highest rating category generally by at least two nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (“NRSRO”), or, if unrated, determined to be of comparable quality by JPMorgan. Collateral, however, is not limited to the foregoing and may include for example obligations rated below the highest category by NRSROs. Collateral for a repurchase agreement may also include securities that a Fund could not hold directly without the repurchase obligation. Irrespective of the type of collateral underlying the repurchase agreement, in the case of a repurchase agreement entered into by a non-money market fund, the repurchase obligation of a seller must be of comparable credit quality to securities which are rated in one of the two highest rating categories by any NRSRO.

Repurchase agreements pose certain risks for a Fund that utilizes them. Such risks are not unique to the Funds, but are inherent in repurchase agreements. The Funds seek to minimize such risks, but because of the inherent legal uncertainties involved in repurchase agreements, such risks cannot be eliminated. Lower quality collateral and collateral with longer maturities may be subject to greater price fluctuations than higher quality collateral and collateral with shorter maturities. If the repurchase agreement counterparty were to default, lower quality collateral may be more difficult to liquidate than higher quality collateral. Should the counterparty default and the amount of collateral not be sufficient to cover the counterparty’s repurchase obligation, the Fund would retain the status of an unsecured creditor of the counterparty (i.e., the position the Fund would normally be in if it were to hold, pursuant to its investment policies, other unsecured debt securities of the defaulting counterparty) with respect to the amount of the shortfall. As an unsecured creditor, a Fund would be at risk of losing some or all of the principal and income involved in the transaction.

Reverse Repurchase Agreements

Each Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements, which involve the sale of securities with an agreement to repurchase the securities at an agreed-upon price, date and interest payment and have the characteristics of borrowing. Generally the effect of such transactions is that the Fund can recover all or most of the cash invested in the portfolio securities involved during the term of the reverse repurchase agreement, while in many cases the Fund is able to keep some of the interest income associated with those securities. Such transactions are advantageous only if the Fund has an opportunity to earn a rate of interest on the cash derived from these transactions that is greater than the interest cost of obtaining the same amount of cash. Opportunities to realize earnings from the use of the proceeds equal to or greater than the interest required to be paid may not always be available and each Fund intends to use the reverse repurchase technique only when the Advisor believes it will be advantageous to the Fund. The use of reverse repurchase agreements may exaggerate any interim increase or decrease in the value of each Fund’s assets. A Fund’s exposure to reverse repurchase agreements will be covered by liquid assets having a value equal to or greater than such commitments. Under the 1940 Act, reverse repurchase agreements are considered borrowings.

 
5

 
 
Futures Contracts and Options
 
The Funds may utilize futures contracts and options.  Futures contracts generally provide for the future sale by one party and purchase by another party of a specified instrument, index or commodity at a specified future time and at a specified price. Stock index futures contracts are settled daily with a payment by one party to the other of a cash amount based on the difference between the level of the stock index specified in the contract from one day to the next. Futures contracts are standardized as to maturity date and underlying instrument and are traded on futures exchanges. The Funds may use futures contracts, and options on futures contracts based on other indexes or combinations of indexes that the Advisor believes to be representative of each Fund’s respective Underlying Index.
 
Although futures contracts (other than cash settled futures contracts including most stock index futures contracts) by their terms call for actual delivery or acceptance of the underlying instrument or commodity, in most cases the contracts are closed out before the maturity date without the making or taking of delivery. Closing out an open futures position is done by taking an opposite position (“buying” a contract which has previously been “sold” or “selling” a contract previously “purchased”) in an identical contract to terminate the position. Brokerage commissions are incurred when a futures contract position is opened or closed.
 
Futures traders are required to make a good faith margin deposit in cash or government securities with a broker or custodian to initiate and maintain open positions in futures contracts. A margin deposit is intended to assure completion of the contract (delivery or acceptance of the underlying instrument or commodity or payment of the cash settlement amount) if it is not terminated prior to the specified delivery date. Brokers may establish deposit requirements which are higher than the exchange minimums. Futures contracts are customarily purchased and sold on margin deposits which may range upward from less than 5% of the value of the contract being traded.
 
After a futures contract position is opened, the value of the contract is marked to market daily. If the futures contract price changes to the extent that the margin on deposit does not satisfy margin requirements, payment of additional “variation” margin will be required.
 
Conversely, a change in the contract value may reduce the required margin, resulting in a repayment of excess margin to the contract holder. Variation margin payments are made to and from the futures broker for as long as the contract remains open. The Funds expect to earn interest income on their margin deposits.
 
The Funds may use futures contracts and options thereon, together with positions in cash and money market instruments, to simulate full investment in each Fund’s respective Underlying Index. Although options on each Underlying Index recently have become available, liquid futures contracts are not currently available for the Underlying Index of each Fund. Under such circumstances, the Advisor may seek to utilize other instruments that it believes to be correlated to each Fund’s respective Underlying Index components or a subset of the components.
 
Restrictions on the Use of Futures and Options
 
Except as otherwise specified in the Funds’ Prospectus or this SAI, there are no limitations on the extent to which the Funds may engage in transactions involving futures and options thereon. The Funds will take steps to prevent their futures positions from “leveraging” its securities holdings. When it has a long futures position, it will maintain with its custodian bank, cash or liquid securities having a value equal to the notional value of the contract (less any margin deposited in connection with the position). When it has a short futures position, as part of a complex stock replication strategy the Funds will maintain with their custodian bank assets substantially identical to those underlying the contract or cash and liquid securities (or a combination of the foregoing) having a value equal to the net obligation of each Fund under the contract (less the value of any margin deposits in connection with the position).

 
6

 
 
Futures and Options Transactions
 
Positions in futures contracts and options may be closed out only on an exchange which provides a secondary market therefor. However, there can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular futures contract or option at any specific time. Thus, it may not be possible to close a futures or options position. In the event of adverse price movements, the Funds would continue to be required to make daily cash payments to maintain its required margin. In such situations, if a Fund has insufficient cash, it may have to sell its Portfolio Securities to meet daily margin requirements at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so. In addition, the Funds may be required to make delivery of the instruments underlying futures contracts they have sold.
 
The Funds will seek to minimize the risk that it will be unable to close out a futures or options contract by only entering into futures and options for which there appears to be a liquid secondary market.
 
The risk of loss in trading futures contracts or uncovered call options in some strategies (e.g., selling uncovered stock index futures contracts) is potentially unlimited. The Funds do not plan to use futures and options contracts in this way. The risk of a futures position may still be large as traditionally measured due to the low margin deposits required. In many cases, a relatively small price movement in a futures contract may result in immediate and substantial loss or gain to the investor relative to the size of a required margin deposit. The Funds, however, intend to utilize futures and options contracts in a manner designed to limit its risk exposure to that which is comparable to what it would have incurred through direct investment in stocks.
 
Utilization of futures transactions by the Funds involves the risk of imperfect or even negative correlation to each Fund’s respective Underlying Index if the index underlying the futures contracts differs from the Fund’s Underlying Index. There is also the risk of loss by the Funds of margin deposits in the event of bankruptcy of a broker with whom a Fund has an open position in the futures contract or option.
 
Certain financial futures exchanges limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single trading day. The daily limit establishes the maximum amount that the price of a futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous day’s settlement price at the end of a trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in a particular type of contract, no trades may be made on that day at a price beyond that limit. The daily limit governs only price movement during a particular trading day and therefore does not limit potential losses, because the limit may prevent the liquidation of unfavorable positions. Futures contract prices have occasionally moved to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of future positions and subjecting some futures traders to substantial losses.
 
Swaps
 
Total return swaps give each Fund the right to receive the appreciation in the value of a specified security, index or other instrument in return for a fee paid to the counterparty, which will typically be an agreed upon interest rate.  Total return swaps can also be used to replicate an exposure to a short position in an asset class where the Fund has the right to receive the depreciation in value of a specified security, index or other instrument (“inverse swaps”). If the underlying asset in a total return swap declines in value (or increases in value, if an inverse swap) over the term of the swap, a Fund may also be required to pay the dollar value of that decline (or increase, if an inverse swap) to the counterparty.
 
The Funds may use total return swaps to replicate the performance of one or more components of an Underlying Index. These total return swaps would reference the relevant component or components of the Underlying Index.
 
Total return swaps are considered illiquid by the Funds. Consequently, each Fund will segregate liquid assets, which may include securities, cash or cash equivalents, to cover the Fund’s daily marked-to-market net obligations under outstanding swap agreements. This segregation of assets may limit a Fund’s investment flexibility, as well as its ability to meet redemption requests or other current obligations.
 
All counterparties are subject to pre-approval by the Board.  The Board’s pre-approval is based on the creditworthiness of each potential swap counterparty.  In addition, the Advisor will monitor and manage the counterparty risk posed by the counterparties and take actions as necessary to decrease counterparty risk to a Fund by, among other things, reducing swap exposures to certain counterparties and/or seeking alternate or additional counterparties.

 
7

 
 
The number of counterparties may vary over time. To the extent a Fund utilizes total return swaps, a Fund will be exposed to counterparty risk.  Counterparty risk may be limited by limiting the use of swaps or by entering into swaps with multiple counterparties.
 
Securities of Investment Companies
 
Each Fund may invest in the securities of other investment companies (including money market funds) and real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) to the extent allowed by law. Pursuant to the 1940 Act, a Fund’s investment in investment companies is limited to, subject to certain exceptions: (i) 3% of the total outstanding voting stock of any one investment company; (ii) 5% of the Fund’s total assets with respect to any one investment company and (iii) 10% of the Fund’s total assets with respect to investment companies in the aggregate. To the extent allowed by law or regulation, each Fund may invest its assets in the securities of investment companies that are money market funds, including those advised by or otherwise affiliated with the Advisor, in excess of the limits discussed above. Other investment companies in which a Fund invests can be expected to incur fees and expenses for operations, such as investment advisory and administration fees that would be in addition to those incurred by the Fund.

Illiquid Securities

Each Fund may invest up to an aggregate amount of 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities. Illiquid securities include securities subject to contractual or other restrictions on resale and other instruments that lack readily available markets.

Short-Term Instruments and Temporary Investments

Each Fund may invest in short-term instruments, including money market instruments, on an ongoing basis to provide liquidity or for other reasons. Money market instruments are generally short-term investments that may include but are not limited to: (i) shares of money market funds; (ii) obligations issued or guaranteed by the US government, its agencies or instrumentalities (including government-sponsored enterprises); (iii) negotiable certificates of deposit (“CDs”), bankers’ acceptances, fixed-time deposits and other obligations of US and non-US banks (including non-US branches) and similar institutions; (iv) commercial paper rated, at the date of purchase, “Prime-1” by Moody’s® Investors Service, Inc., “F-1” by Fitch Inc., or “A-1” by Standard & Poor’s® (a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.), or if unrated, of comparable quality as determined by the Advisor (v) non-convertible corporate debt securities (e.g., bonds and debentures) with remaining maturities at the date of purchase of not more than 397 days and that satisfy the rating requirements set forth in Rule 2a-7 under the 1940 Act; (vi) repurchase agreements; and (vii) short-term US dollar-denominated obligations of non-US banks (including US branches) that, in the opinion of the Advisor, are of comparable quality to obligations of US banks which may be purchased by a Fund. Any of these instruments may be purchased on a current or forward-settled basis. Time deposits are non-negotiable deposits maintained in banking institutions for specified periods of time at stated interest rates. Bankers’ acceptances are time drafts drawn on commercial banks by borrowers, usually in connection with international transactions.
 
Borrowing Money
 
Each fund may, as a non-principal investment strategy, borrow money from a bank up to a limit of one-third of the market value of its assets, but only for temporary or emergency purposes. To the extent that a Fund borrows money, it may be leveraged, and, at such times, the Fund may appreciate or depreciate in value more rapidly than its Underlying Index.
 
Continuous Offering
 
The method by which Creation Units are created and traded may raise certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Units are issued and sold by the Trust on an ongoing basis, at any point a “distribution,” as such term is used in the Securities Act, may occur. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner which could render them statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the Securities Act.

 
8

 
 
For example, a broker-dealer firm or its client may be deemed a statutory underwriter if it takes Creation Units after placing an order with Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “Distributor”), breaks them down into constituent Shares, and sells such Shares directly to customers, or if it chooses to couple the creation of a supply of new Shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of secondary market demand for Shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes of the Securities Act must take into account all the facts and circumstances pertaining to the activities of the broker-dealer or its client in the particular case, and the examples mentioned above should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could lead to a categorization as an underwriter.
 
Broker-dealers who are not “underwriters” but are participating in a distribution (as contrasted to ordinary secondary trading transactions), and thus dealing with Shares that are part of an “unsold allotment” within the meaning of Section 4(3)(C) of the Securities Act, would be unable to take advantage of the prospectus-delivery exemption provided by Section 4(3) of the Securities Act. This is because the prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(3) of the Securities Act is not available in respect of such transactions as a result of Section 24(d) of the 1940 Act. As a result, broker-dealer firms should note that dealers who are not underwriters but are participating in a distribution (as contrasted with ordinary secondary market transactions) and thus dealing with the Shares that are part of an over-allotment within the meaning of Section 4(3)(A) of the Securities Act would be unable to take advantage of the prospectus delivery exemption provided by Section 4(3) of the Securities Act. Firms that incur a prospectus delivery obligation with respect to Shares are reminded that, under Rule 153 of the Securities Act, a prospectus delivery obligation under Section 5(b)(2) of the Securities Act owed to an exchange member in connection with a sale on NYSE Arca is satisfied by the fact that the prospectus is available at NYSE Arca upon request. The prospectus delivery mechanism provided in Rule 153 is only available with respect to transactions on an exchange.
 
Future Developments

The Board may, in the future, authorize each Fund to invest in securities contracts and investments other than those listed in this SAI and in the applicable Prospectus, provided they are consistent with each Fund’s investment objective and do not violate any investment restrictions or policies.
 
Portfolio Turnover
 
A Fund’s portfolio turnover may vary from year to year, as well as within a year. The overall reasonableness of brokerage commissions is evaluated by the Advisor based upon its knowledge of available information as to the general level of commissions paid by other institutional investors for comparable services. In addition, a Fund’s portfolio turnover level may adversely affect the ability of the Fund to achieve its investment objective. “Portfolio Turnover Rate” is defined under the rules of the SEC as the lesser of the value of the securities purchased or securities sold, excluding all securities whose maturities at time of acquisition were one year or less, divided by the average monthly value of such securities owned during the year. Based on this definition, instruments with remaining maturities of less than one year are excluded from the calculation of the Portfolio Turnover Rate. Instruments excluded from the calculation of portfolio turnover generally would include future contracts, swap agreements and option contracts in which the Funds invest since such contracts generally have a remaining maturity of less than one year. ETFs, such as the Funds, may incur very low levels of portfolio turnover (or none at all in accordance with the SEC methodology described above) because of the way in which they operate and the way shares are created in creation units. However, a low or zero Portfolio Turnover Rate should not be assumed to be indicative of the amount of gains that a Fund may or may not distribute to shareholders, as the instruments excluded from the calculation described above may have generated taxable gains upon their sale or maturity.

GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS AND RISKS

A discussion of some of the risks associated with an investment in a Fund is contained in the applicable Prospectus.

An investment in a Fund should be made with an understanding that the value of a Fund’s portfolio securities may fluctuate in accordance with changes in the financial condition of the issuers of the portfolio securities, the value of stocks in general, and other factors that affect the market.

None of the Funds is actively managed by traditional methods and therefore the adverse financial condition of any one issuer will not result in the elimination of its securities from the portfolio securities held by the Fund unless the securities of such issuer are removed from its respective Underlying Index.

 
9

 

An investment in each Fund should also be made with an understanding that a Fund will not be able to replicate exactly the performance of its Underlying Index because the total return generated by its portfolio securities will be reduced by transaction costs incurred in adjusting the actual balance of such securities and other Fund expenses, whereas such transaction costs and expenses are not included in the calculation of its Underlying Index. It is also possible that for short periods of time, a Fund may not fully replicate the performance of its Underlying Index due to the temporary unavailability of certain Underlying Index securities in the Secondary Market or due to other extraordinary circumstances. Such events are unlikely to continue for an extended period of time because a Fund is required to correct such imbalances by means of adjusting the composition of its portfolio securities. It is also possible that the composition of the Fund may not exactly replicate the composition of its Underlying Index if the Fund has to adjust its portfolio securities in order to continue to qualify as a “regulated investment company” under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the “Code”).

Risks of Equity Securities

An investment in a Fund should be made with an understanding of the risks inherent in an investment in equity securities, including the risk that the financial condition of issuers may become impaired or that the general condition of the stock market may deteriorate (either of which may cause a decrease in the value of the portfolio securities and thus in the value of shares of a Fund). Common stocks are susceptible to general stock market fluctuations and to volatile increases and decreases in value as market confidence and perceptions of their issuers change. These investor perceptions are based on various and unpredictable factors, including expectations regarding government, economic, monetary and fiscal policies, inflation and interest rates, economic expansion or contraction, and global or regional political, economic or banking crises. Holders of common stocks incur more risks than holders of preferred stocks and debt obligations because common stockholders generally have rights to receive payments from stock issuers inferior to the rights of creditors, or holders of debt obligations or preferred stocks. Further, unlike debt securities, which typically have a stated principal amount payable at maturity (the value of which, however, is subject to market fluctuations prior to maturity), or preferred stocks, which typically have a liquidation preference and which may have stated optional or mandatory redemption provisions, common stocks have neither a fixed principal amount nor a maturity.

Although most of the securities in each Underlying Index are listed on a national securities exchange, the principal trading market for some may be in the over-the-counter market. The existence of a liquid trading market for certain securities may depend on whether dealers will make a market in such securities. There can be no assurance that a market will be made or maintained or that any such market will be or remain liquid. The price at which securities may be sold and the value of a Fund’s shares will be adversely affected if trading markets for a Fund’s portfolio securities are limited or absent, or if bid/ask spreads are wide.

Dividend Risk

There is no guarantee that the issuer of the stocks held by a Fund will declare dividends in the future or that if declared, they will either remain at current levels or increase over time.

PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS DISCLOSURE

The Trust has adopted a policy regarding disclosure of information about the Trust’s portfolio holdings.  The Board of Trustees of the Trust must approve all material amendments to this policy.  Each Fund’s portfolio holdings are publicly disseminated each day the Fund is open for business through financial reporting and news services, including publicly accessible Internet web sites.  In addition, a basket composition file, which includes the security names and share quantities to deliver in exchange for Shares, together with estimates and actual cash components is publicly disseminated daily prior to the opening of the NYSE Arca via the National Securities Clearing Corporation (“NSCC”), a clearing agency that is registered with the SEC.  The basket represents one Creation Unit of each Fund.  The Trust, Advisor, Custodian and Distributor will not disseminate non-public information concerning the Trust.
 
The Trust is required to disclose, after its first and third fiscal quarters, the complete schedule of the Funds’ portfolio holdings with the SEC on Form N-Q.  Form N-Q for the Funds will be available on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.  The Funds’ Form N-Q may also be reviewed and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. and information on the operation may be obtained by calling (202) 551-8090.  The Funds’ Form N-Q will be available through the Funds’ website, at http://www.focusshares.com or by writing to FocusShares Trust, 210 Summit Avenue Suite C-11, Montvale, NJ 07645.

 
10

 

CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OF THE UNDERLYING INDEXES

Descriptions of the Underlying Indexes are provided below.

Component Selection Criteria

The Morningstar index family is based on the same methodology as the well-known Morningstar Style Box. The Underlying Indexes are governed by transparent, objective rules for security selection, exclusion, rebalancing, and adjustments for corporate actions. Morningstar makes no subjective determinations related to index composition. To be eligible for inclusion in any of the Underlying Indexes, a stock must be listed on the NYSE, the NYSE Amex Equities, or NASDAQ, domiciled in the US or have its primary stock market activities carried out in the US, have sufficient historical fundamental data available so that Morningstar can classify investment style, and be in the top 75% of companies in the investable universe based on its liquidity score. A security’s liquidity score is based on its average monthly trading volume in US dollars. ADRs, American Depositary Shares, fixed-dividend shares, convertible notes, warrants, rights, tracking stocks, limited partnerships and holding companies are not eligible for inclusion in the Underlying Indexes.

Morningstar, Inc. (“Morningstar”) uses a dynamic percentage-based approach to divide its US Market Index into three cap categories. By defining each as a percentage of the market cap of the investable universe, the definitions remain stable regardless of overall large market movements. Large Cap stocks are defined as stocks that form the largest 70% of investable market cap. Mid Cap stocks are defined as the next 20% of investable market cap (70th to 90th percentile). Small Cap stocks are defined as the next 7% of investable market cap (90th to 97th percentile). The stocks in each Underlying Index are weighted according to the total number of shares that are publicly owned and available for trading.

Issue Changes

Securities are added or deleted from each index based on rules outlined for security selection, exclusion, rebalancing, and adjustments for corporate actions as set forth in the Morningstar Index Rulebook. Morningstar makes no subjective determinations related to index composition.

Index Maintenance

The Underlying Indexes are reconstituted twice annually, on the Monday following the third Friday of June and the Monday following the third Friday of December. If the Monday is a holiday, reconstitution occurs on the Tuesday immediately following. Reconstitution is carried out after the day’s closing index values have been determined.

Index Availability

The Underlying Indexes are calculated continuously and are available from major data vendors.

Morningstar US Market Index
Number of Components: approximately 1,536

The Morningstar US Market Index is a diversified broad market index that targets 97% market capitalization coverage of the investable universe.

Morningstar Large Cap Index
Number of Components: approximately 259

The Morningstar Large Cap Index measures the performance of stocks issued by large-capitalization companies as determined by Morningstar’s proprietary index methodology. The Morningstar index methodology defines “large-capitalization” stocks as those stocks that form the top 70% of the market capitalization of the stocks eligible to be included in the Morningstar US Market Index.

 
11

 

Morningstar Mid Cap Index
Number of Components: approximately 558

The Morningstar Mid Cap Index measures the performance of stocks issued by middle-capitalization companies as determined by Morningstar’s proprietary index methodology. The Morningstar index methodology defines “middle-capitalization” stocks as those stocks between the 70th and 90th percentile of the market capitalization of the stocks eligible to be included in the Morningstar US Market Index.

Morningstar Small Cap Index
Number of Components: approximately 719

The Morningstar Small Cap Index measures the performance of stocks issued by small-capitalization companies as determined by Morningstar’s proprietary index methodology. The Morningstar index methodology defines “small-capitalization” stocks as those stocks between the 90th and 97th percentile of the market capitalization of the stocks eligible to be included in the Morningstar US Market Index.

Morningstar Basic Materials Index
Number of Components: approximately 97

The Morningstar Basic Materials Index is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index and consists of companies that manufacture chemicals, building materials and paper products. This sector also includes companies engaged in commodities exploration and processing.

Morningstar Communication Services Index
Number of Components: approximately 31

The Morningstar Communication Services Index is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index and consists of companies that provide communication services using fixed-line networks or those that provide wireless access and services. This sector also includes companies that provide internet services such as access, navigation and internet related software and services.

Morningstar Consumer Cyclical Index
Number of Components: approximately 231

The Morningstar Consumer Cyclical Index is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index and includes retail stores, auto & auto parts manufacturers, companies engaged in residential construction, lodging facilities, restaurants and entertainment companies.

Morningstar Consumer Defensive Index
Number of Components: approximately 98

The Morningstar Consumer Defensive Index is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index and consists of companies engaged in the manufacturing of food, beverages, household and personal products, packaging, or tobacco. Also include companies that provide services such as education & training services.

Morningstar Energy Index
Number of Components: approximately 97

The Morningstar Energy Index is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index and consists of companies that produce or refine oil and gas, oil field services and equipment companies, and pipeline operators. This sector also includes companies engaged in the mining of coal.

Morningstar Financial Services Index
Number of Components: approximately 205

The Morningstar Financial Services Index is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index and consists of companies that provide financial services which includes banks, savings and loans, asset management companies, credit services, investment brokerage firms, and insurance companies.

 
12

 

Morningstar Health Care Index
Number of Components: approximately 133

The Morningstar Health Care Index is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index and consist of companies involved in biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, research services, home health care, hospitals, long-term care facilities, and medical equipment and supplies.

Morningstar Industrials Index
Number of Components: approximately 246

The Morningstar Industrials Index is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index and consists of companies that manufacture machinery, hand-held tools and industrial products. This sector also includes aerospace and defense firms as well as companied engaged in transportations and logistic services.

Morningstar Real Estate Index
Number of Components: approximately 85

The Morningstar Real Estate Index is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index and consists of mortgage companies, property management companies and REITs.

Morningstar Technology Index
Number of Components: approximately 238

The Morningstar Technology Index is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index and consists of companies engaged in the design, development, and support of computer operating systems and applications. This sector also includes companies that provide computer technology consulting services. Also includes companies engaged in the manufacturing of computer equipment, data storage products, networking products, semiconductors, and components.

Morningstar Utilities Index
Number of Components: approximately 75

The Morningstar Utilities Index is a subset of the Morningstar US Market Index and consists of electric, gas, and water utilities.
 
MANAGEMENT
 
Trustees and Officers of the Trust
 
The Board has responsibility for the overall management and operations of the Trust, including general supervision of the duties performed by the Advisor and other service providers. The Board currently consists of five (5) Trustees, four (4) of whom are not “interested persons” (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Trust (each, an “Independent Trustee”) and one of whom is an Interested Trustee as shown below.

 
13

 
 
The Trustees and officers of the Trust, their addresses, positions with the Funds, years of birth and principal occupations during the past five years are set forth below.
 
Name, Address (1)
and Year of Birth
 
Position(s) Held with
Funds
 
Term of Office
and Length of
Time Served(2)
 
Principal Occupation(s) During Past
Five Years(3)
 
Number of 
Portfolios in
Fund Complex
Overseen(4)
   
Other
Directorships
Held by Trustee
 
Independent Trustees
                       
                         
Karl-Otto Hartmann, 1955
 
Trustee and Audit Committee Chairman
 
Since March 2008
 
Attorney at Law, Fund Directors’ Counsel (since 2009); Consultant, IntelliMagic LLC (strategic, business and compliance consulting for investment companies, investment advisors and start-up companies, since 2005); Chief Operations Officer (and Vice President of Operations), East Hill Holding Company, LLC and affiliates (investment management, hedge fund and venture capital, 2007 to 2008); Senior Vice President, General Counsel, and Director, JPMorgan Investor Services Co. (1991 to 2005); Independent Director and Audit Committee Financial Expert, The Thirty-Eight Hundred Fund, LLC (closed-end fund, since 2008)
 
15
   
The Thirty-Eight Hundred Fund, LLC (1 portfolio)
 
                         
Christopher C. Fox, 1968
 
Trustee
 
Since December 2010
 
Managing Director, Summit Strategies Group (since 1995)
 
15
   
None
 
                         
Michael J. LeVar, 1967
 
Trustee
 
Since December 2010
 
Director of Hedge Funds and Director of New Service Development, Hammond Associates (since 2006)
 
15
   
Access Hedge Fund Investors SPC (1 portfolio)
 
                         
Joan D. Malloy, 1964
 
Trustee
 
Since December 2010
 
Managing Partner, Greenway Family Officer (since 2010); President, The St. Louis Trust Company (2002 to 2009)
 
15
   
None
 
                           
Interested Trustee
                         
                           
Patricia A. Milon, 1963
 
Trustee
 
Since December 2010
 
Chief Counsel, Scottrade Bank (since 2009); Independent Consultant (2008 to 2009); Chief Legal Officer and Senior Vice President, Regulatory Affairs, America’s Community Bankers (ACB) (2006-2007); Vice President and Deputy General Counsel, Fannie Mae (1998 to 2006)
 
15
   
None
 
                           
Other Officers
                         
                           
Erik Liik, 1958
 
President
 
Since September 2007
 
President and Chief Executive Officer, FocusShares, LLC (since 2007);
 
N/A
   
N/A
 
 
 
Secretary
 
Since September
2007 to June 2010
 
Managing Director, American Stock Exchange (2001 to 2006)
             
                           
Brent Arvidson, 1969
 
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
 
Since December 2010
 
Director, Foreside Management Services, LLC (since 2010); Head of Fund Reporting, Assistant Treasurer, Fund Administration, Grantham, Mayo Van Otterloo & Co. LLC (1997 to 2009).  Mr. Arvidson serves as an officer to other unaffiliated mutual funds or closed end funds for which the Distributor (or its affiliates) act as distributor or provider of other services
 
N/A
   
N/A
 
                           
Charles J. Daly, 1971
 
Secretary
 
Since December 2010
 
Vice President and Assistant General Counsel, Fund Regulatory Services Department, J.P. Morgan Investor Services Co. (since 2010); General Counsel and Chief Compliance Officer, Ironwood Investment Management LLC (2006 to 2010); Senior Counsel, Citi Fund Services (2003 to 2006)
 
N/A
   
N/A
 
                           
Donna Rogers, 1966
 
Chief Compliance Officer
 
Since 2010
 
Managing Director, Foreside Compliance Services LLC (since 2011); Senior Vice President, State Street Bank & Trust Company (2007 to 2010); Senior Director, Investors Bank & Trust Company (prior to merger with State Street) (2002 to 2007) 
 
N/A
   
N/A 
 
 

1
The address for each Trustee and officer is 210 Summit Avenue, Suite C-11, Montvale, N.J. 07645.
2
Each Trustee serves until resignation, death, retirement or removal. Officers are elected yearly by the Trustees.
3
Principal occupations(s) of the Trustees may cover more than the past five years.
4
The Fund Complex includes all open-end funds (including all of their portfolios) advised by the Advisor and any funds that have an investment advisor that is an affiliated person of the Advisor. As of the date of this SAI, the fund complex consists of the Trust’s Funds.

 
14

 

Board - Leadership Structure and Oversight Responsibilities

Overall responsibility for oversight of the Funds rests with the Board. The Board has engaged the Advisor to manage the Funds on a day-to day basis. The Board is responsible for overseeing the Advisor and other service providers in the operations of the Funds in accordance with the provisions of the 1940 Act, applicable provisions of state and other laws and the Trust’s charter. The Board is currently composed of five members, four of whom are Independent Trustees (defined below). The Board currently conducts regular meetings four times a year. In addition, the Board frequently holds special in-person or telephonic meetings or informal conference calls to discuss specific matters that may arise or require action between regular meetings. The Independent Trustees meet regularly outside the presence of management, in executive session or with other service providers to the Trust.

The Board has appointed an Independent Trustee to serve in the role of Chairman. The Chairman’s role is to preside at all meetings of the Board and to act as a liaison with service providers, officers, attorneys, and other Trustees generally between meetings. The Chairman may also perform such other functions as may be delegated by the Board from time to time. The Board has established a Nominating and Governance Committee and an Audit Committee to assist the Board in the oversight and direction of the business and affairs of the Funds, and from time to time may establish ad-hoc committees or informal working groups to review and address the policies and practices of the Funds with respect to certain specified matters. The Board and each standing Committee conduct annual assessments of their oversight function and structure. The Board has determined that the Board’s leadership structure is appropriate because it allows the Board to exercise independent judgment over management and it allocates areas of responsibility among committees of Independent Trustees and the full Board to enhance effective oversight.

Day-to-day risk management with respect to the Funds is the responsibility of the Advisor or other service providers (depending on the nature of the risk), subject to the supervision of the Advisor. Each Fund is subject to a number of risks, including investment, compliance, operational and valuation risks, among others. While there are a number of risk management functions performed by the Advisor and other service providers, as applicable, it is not possible to eliminate all of the risks applicable to the Fund. The Trustees have an oversight role in this area, satisfying themselves that risk management processes are in place and operating effectively. Risk oversight forms part of the Board’s general oversight of each Fund and is addressed as part of various Board and committee activities. The Board, directly or through a committee, also reviews reports from, among others, management and the independent registered public accounting firm for the Trust, as appropriate, regarding risks faced by each Fund and management’s risk functions. The Board has appointed a Chief Compliance Officer who oversees the implementation and testing of the Trust’s compliance program and reports to the Board regarding compliance matters for the Trust and its principal service providers. In testing and maintaining the compliance program, the Chief Compliance Officer assesses key compliance risks affecting each Fund, and addresses them in reports to the Board. The Independent Trustees have engaged independent legal counsel to assist them in performing their oversight responsibilities.
 
The Board and the Audit Committee of the Board each held one meeting in 2010 in connection with the organization of the Funds.
 
Committees of the Board of Trustees

Each Trustee who is not an interested person (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Trust (“Independent Trustee”) serves on the Audit Committee and the Nominating and Governance Committee of the Board. The purposes of the Audit Committee are to assist the Board (i) in its oversight of the Trust’s accounting and financial reporting principles and policies and related controls and procedures maintained by or on behalf of the Trust; (ii) in its oversight of the Trust’s financial statements and the independent audit thereof; (iii) in selecting, evaluating and, where deemed appropriate, replacing the independent accountants (or nominating the independent accountants to be proposed for shareholder approval in any proxy statement); (iv) in evaluating the independence of the independent accountants; (v) in complying with legal and regulatory requirements that relate to the Trust’s accounting and financial reporting, internal controls and independent audits; and (vi) to assume such other responsibilities as may be delegated by the Board.

The Nominating and Governance Committee nominates individuals for Independent Trustee membership on the Board. The Nominating and Governance Committee functions include, but are not limited to, the following: (i) reviewing the qualifications of any person properly identified or nominated to serve as an Independent Trustee; (ii) recommending to the Board and current Independent Trustees the nominee(s) for appointment as an Independent Trustee by the Board and current Independent Trustees and/or for election as Independent Trustees by shareholders to fill any vacancy for a position of Independent Trustee(s) on the Board; (iii) recommending to the Board and current Independent Trustees the size and composition of the Board and Board committees and whether they comply with applicable laws and regulations; (iv) recommending a current Independent Trustee to the Board and current Independent Trustees to serve as Lead Independent Trustee; (v) periodic review of the Board’s retirement policy; and (vi) recommending an appropriate level of compensation for the Independent Trustees for their services as Trustees, members or chairpersons of committees of the Board, Lead Independent Trustee, Chairperson of the Board and any other positions as the Nominating and Governance Committee considers appropriate. The Nominating and Governance Committee does not consider Board nomination(s) recommended by shareholders (acting solely in their capacity as a shareholder and not in any other capacity). The Nominating and Governance Committee is comprised of all members of the Board that are Independent Trustees.

 
15

 

Individual Trustee Qualifications

The Trust has concluded that each of the Trustees should serve on the Board because of their ability to review and understand information about the Trust and the Funds provided to them by management, to identify and request other information they may deem relevant to the performance of their duties, to question management and other service providers regarding material factors bearing on the management and administration of the Funds, and to exercise their business judgment in a manner that serves the best interests of the Funds’ shareholders. The Trust has concluded that each of the Trustees should serve as a Trustee based on their own experience, qualifications, attributes and skills as described below.

The Trust has concluded that Mr. Hartmann should serve as trustee of the Funds because of the experience he has gained as an independent director of other investment companies, his knowledge of and experience in the financial services industry, and the experience he has gained serving as a trustee of the Funds since 2008.
 
The Trust has concluded that each of Mr. Fox, Mr. LeVar and Ms. Malloy should serve as trustees of the Funds because of their knowledge of and experience in the financial services industry.
 
The Trust has concluded that Ms. Milon should serve as trustee of the Funds because of her knowledge of and experience in the financial services industry and the experience she has gained serving as general counsel to an affiliate of the Advisor.
 
Trustee Ownership of Fund Shares

The following table sets forth, as of December 31, 2010, the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by each Trustee in the Funds and in other registered investment companies overseen by the Trustee within the same family of investment companies as the Trust. If a fund is not listed below, the Trustee did not own any securities in that fund as of the date indicated above:

Name Of Trustee
 
Dollar Range of Equity
Securities in FocusShares
Trust (As of  December 31,
2010)
 
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in all
Registered Investment Companies Overseen By
Trustee in Family of Investment Companies  (As of 
December 31, 2010)(1)
         
Karl-Otto Hartmann
 
None
 
None
Christopher C. Fox
 
None
 
None
Michael J. LeVar
 
None
 
None
Joan D. Malloy
 
None
 
None
Patricia A. Milon
 
None
 
None

1  “Family of Investment Companies” consists of all registered investment companies advised by the Advisor.

As to each Independent Trustee and his immediate family members, no person owned beneficially or of record securities in an investment adviser or principal underwriter of the Funds, or a person (other than a registered investment company) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with the investment manager or principal underwriter of the Funds.

 
16

 
 
Board Compensation
 
The Trust pays each Independent Trustee an annual retainer of $15,000 a per meeting fee of $500 for scheduled quarterly meetings of the Board and each special meeting of the Board and a per meeting fee of $250 for telephonic meetings. The Trust pays the Chairman of the Board an additional annual retainer of $4,000 and each Trustee who acts as chairman of a committee an additional annual retainer of $1,000.  The Trust also reimburses each Trustee for travel and other out-of-pocket expenses incurred in attending such meetings. No pension or retirement benefits are accrued as part of Trustee compensation.
 
The table below shows the estimated compensation that is contemplated to be paid to the Trustees by the Trust for the fiscal year ending October 31, 2011. Annual Trustee fees may be reviewed periodically and changed by the Trust’s Board.
 
Compensation Table
 
Name of Trustee
 
Aggregate
Compensation
From the
Trust
   
Pension or
Retirement
Benefits
Accrued
as Part of 
the Trust’s
Expenses
   
Estimated
Annual
Benefits
Upon
Retirement
   
Total
Compensation
From the
Trust
and 
the Fund
Complex (1)
Paid to
Trustee
 
Karl-Otto Hartmann
 
$
22,750    
 
N/A    
 
N/A    
$
22,750  
Christopher C. Fox
 
$
17,750
   
 
N/A    
 
N/A    
$
17,750  
Michael J. LeVar
 
$
17,750
 
 
 
N/A    
 
N/A    
$
17,750  
Joan D. Malloy
 
$
17,750
 
 
 
N/A    
 
N/A    
$
17,750  
Patricia A. Milon
 
 
None    
 
N/A    
 
N/A    
 
None  
 
The Fund Complex includes all open-end funds (including all of their portfolios) advised by the Advisor and any funds that have an investment advisor that is an affiliated person of the Advisor. As of the date of this SAI, the fund complex consists of the Trust’s Funds.
 
CODE OF ETHICS
 
The Trust and the Advisor have each adopted a code of ethics under Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act that sets forth officers, trustees’ and advisory personnel’s fiduciary responsibilities regarding the Funds, establishes procedures for personal investing, and restricts certain transactions.  Persons subject to either the Trust’s or the Advisor’s code of ethics, including investment personnel, may invest in securities for their own investment accounts, including, subject to certain conditions, securities that may be purchased or held by the Funds. As the statutory underwriter for the Funds, the Distributor is not required under Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act to maintain a code of ethics since the Distributor and its directors, officers and employees are not affiliated with the Trust or the Advisor. Nevertheless, the Distributor maintains a Rule 17j-1-compliance code of ethics for its officers and personnel.
 
PROXY VOTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
 
The Funds’ have delegated proxy voting responsibilities to the Advisor, subject to the Board’s general oversight. In delegating proxy responsibilities, the Board has directed that proxies be voted consistent with the Funds’ and their shareholders’ best interests and in compliance with all applicable proxy voting rules and regulations. The Advisor has adopted their own proxy voting policies and guidelines for this purpose, which are set forth in Appendix A to this SAI.
 
The Funds’ proxy voting record will be available upon request and on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
 
The Trust is required to disclose annually each Fund’s complete proxy voting record on Form N-PX covering the period July 1 through June 30 and file it with the SEC no later than August 31. Form N-PX for the Funds will be available through the Fund’s website, at http://www.focusshares.com, or by writing to FocusShares Trust, 210 Summit Avenue Suite C-11, Montvale, NJ 07645.  The Fund’s Form N-PX will also be available on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
 
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
 
As of [•], 2011, the Trustees and Officers of the Trust owned in the aggregate less than 1% of the shares of the Funds of the Trust (all series taken together).
 
As of [•], 2011, there were no Principal Holders of Securities as these Funds have not commenced operations yet.

 
17

 
 
INVESTMENT ADVISORY, ADMINISTRATIVE AND DISTRIBUTION SERVICES
 
The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in the Prospectus entitled “Management.”
 
The Investment Adviser
 
FocusShares, LLC (“Advisor”), a Delaware limited liability company, acts as investment adviser to the Trust and, subject to the supervision of the Board, is responsible for the overall management of the Trust and the day-to-day investment management of the Funds. The Advisor is was organized in 2007 and is located at 210 Summit Avenue, Suite C-11, Montvale, New Jersey 07645.
 
The Advisor serves as investment adviser to the Funds and has overall responsibility for the general management and administration of the Trust, pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement between the Trust and the Advisor (the “Investment Advisory Agreement”).  Under the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor, subject to the supervision of the Board, provides an investment program for each Fund and manages the investment of the Fund’s assets in conformity with the stated investment policies of each Fund or retains sub-advisors to manage Fund assets if the Advisor does not provide these services directly.  The Advisor or a sub-adviser is responsible for placing purchase and sale orders and providing continuous supervision of the investment portfolio of each of the Funds.  The Advisor also arranges for the provision of distribution, transfer agency, custody, administration and all other services necessary for the Funds to operate.
 
Trust Expenses.  Under the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor has agreed to pay all expenses of the Trust, except for: (i) brokerage expenses and other expenses (such as stamp taxes) connected with the execution of portfolio transactions or in connection with creation and redemption transactions; (ii) interest and tax expenses; (iii) dividend or distribution expenses; (iv) legal fees or expenses in connection with any arbitration, litigation or pending or threatened arbitration or litigation, including any settlements in connection therewith; (v) compensation and expenses of each Independent Trustee; (vi) compensation and expenses of counsel to the Independent Trustees; (vii) distribution fees and expenses, if any, paid by the Trust under any distribution plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act; (viii) extraordinary expenses, as determined under generally accepted accounting principles; and (ix) the advisory fee payable to the Advisor.
 
Term.  The Investment Advisory Agreement with respect to the Funds continues in effect for two years from its effective date, and thereafter is subject to annual approval by (i) the Board or (ii) the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of each Fund, provided that in either event such continuance also is approved by a vote of a majority of the Trustees of the Trust who are not interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund, by a vote cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.  If the shareholders of any Fund fail to approve the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor may continue to serve in the manner and to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act and rules and regulations thereunder.
 
The Investment Advisory Agreement with respect to each Fund is terminable without any penalty, by vote of the Board or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of each Fund, or by the Advisor, in each case on not less than 30 days nor more than 60 days prior written notice to the other party; provided, that a shorter notice period shall be permitted for the Fund in the event its shares are no longer listed on a national securities exchange.  The Investment Advisory Agreement will terminate automatically and immediately in the event of its “assignment” (as defined in the 1940 Act).
 
Compensation.  As compensation for its services under the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor is paid a monthly fee based on a percentage of each Fund’s average daily net assets at the annual rate relating to each Fund, as set forth below:

 
18

 
 
Name of Fund
 
Advisory Fee Rate
 
         
Focus Morningstar US Market Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Large Cap Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Mid Cap Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Small Cap Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Basic Materials Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Communications Services Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Consumer Cyclical Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Consumer Defensive Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Energy Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Financial Services Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Health Care Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Industrials Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Real Estate Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Technology Index ETF
    [• ]%
Focus Morningstar Utilities Index ETF
    [• ]%

 
From time to time, the Advisor may waive all or a portion of its fees.
 
Legal Investigations and Proceedings. There are no legal investigations or proceedings against or involving the Trust, any of its Funds or the Advisor.
 
The Administrator, Custodian, and Transfer, Index Receipt and Dividend Disbursing Agent
 
J.P. Morgan Investor Services Co. (“JPMISCo”) serves as administrator of the Trust and each of the Funds.  JPMISCo is located at 70 Fargo Street, Boston, MA 02210-1950.  Pursuant to the Mutual Fund Services Agreement with the Trust, JPMISCo provides administrative, regulatory, tax, financial reporting and fund accounting services for the maintenance and operation of the Trust and each Fund.  In addition, JPMISCo makes office space, equipment, personnel and facilities available to provide such services.
 
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (“JPMCB”) serves as custodian, transfer agent, index receipt agent and dividend disbursing agent of the Trust and each of the Funds.  JPMCB’s address is One Chase Manhattan Plaza, New York, NY 10005.  Under the Custody Agreement with the Trust, JPMCB maintains cash, securities and other assets of the Trust and each Fund in separate accounts, keeps all required books and records and provides other necessary services.  JPMCB is required, upon the order of the Trust, to deliver securities held by JPMCB and to make payments for securities purchased by each Fund.  Pursuant to the Agency Services Agreement with the Trust, JPMCB acts as transfer agent and index receipt agent for each Fund’s authorized and issued shares of beneficial interest and as dividend disbursing agent of the Trust.
 
As compensation for the foregoing services, JPMISCo and JPMCB each receive certain out-of-pocket costs, transaction fees and asset-based fees which are paid monthly by the Advisor, pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement.
 
The Securities Lending Agent
 
JPMCB, an affiliate of the Administrator, serves as Securities Lending Agent for the Trust and each of its Funds under the supervision of the Advisor.  Under the Securities Lending Agreement with the Trust, JPMCB, acting as agent for the Funds, may lend Portfolio Securities to certain creditworthy borrowers under certain conditions described above under the heading “Investment Strategies And Risks-Lending Portfolio Securities”.  Each Fund receives the value of any interest or cash or non-cash distributions paid on its loaned Portfolio Securities and will pay reasonable administrative and custodial fees in connection with the loan of such Portfolio Securities and related costs including securities movement, settlement of trades involving cash received as collateral, custody of collateral and marking to market loans.

 
19

 
 
The Distributor
 
Foreside Fund Services, LLC (“Distributor”) is the principal underwriter and distributor of Shares of the Trust.  Its principal address is Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, Maine 04101-4088.  The Distributor has entered into an agreement with the Trust pursuant to which it distributes Shares of each Fund (the “Distribution Agreement”).  The Distributor continually distributes Shares of the Fund on a best effort basis. The Distributor has no obligation to sell any specific quantity of Fund Shares. The Distribution Agreement will continue for two years from its effective date and is renewable annually.  Shares are continuously offered for sale by the Funds through the Distributor only in Creation Units, as described in the Prospectus and below under “Creation and Redemption of Creation Units - Procedures for Creation of Creation Units.”  Shares in less than Creation Units are not distributed by the Distributor.  The Distributor will deliver the applicable Prospectus and, upon request, this SAI to persons purchasing Creation Units and will maintain records of both orders placed with it and confirmations of acceptance furnished by it.  The Distributor is a broker-dealer registered under the 1934 Act and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) (the successor organization to the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc.).  The Distributor, its affiliates and officers have no role in determining the investment policies or which securities are to be purchased or sold by the Trust or its Funds.  The Distributor is not affiliated with the Trust, the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor or any stock exchange.
 
The Distribution Agreement for each Fund will provide that it may be terminated at any time, without the payment of any penalty, on at least sixty (60) days prior written notice to the Fund (i) by vote of a majority of the Independent Trustees or (ii) by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the relevant Fund or the Distributor.  The Distribution Agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its “assignment” (as defined in the 1940 Act).  Pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Advisor has agreed, under a separate agreement between the Advisor and the Distributor, to pay the Distributor’s fees and expenses that do not arise under any distribution plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. The Funds have adopted a Service and Distribution Plan pursuant to which a Fund may bear a Rule 12b-1 fee not to exceed 0.25% per annum of the Fund’s average daily net assets. The Board has resolved not to authorize the payment of Rule 12b-1 fees prior to March 31, 2012. The Advisor also pays the Distributor for certain services related to the registration with FINRA of the Advisor’s personnel who are engaged in the marketing of the Funds.
 
The Distributor may also enter into Authorized Participant Agreements with Authorized Participants for the creation and redemption of Creation Units.
 
Index Provider
 
Morningstar, Inc. (“Morningstar”) is the index provider for the Funds. Morningstar is a leading provider of independent investment research in North America, Europe, Australia, and Asia. Morningstar offers an extensive line of Internet, software, and print-based products and services for individuals, financial advisors, and institutions. The Morningstar® Indexes are rooted in Morningstar’s proprietary research and Morningstar Indexes are based on transparent, rules-based methodologies. Presently, Morningstar has developed and is maintaining a number of indexes in addition to the Underlying Indexes.  Morningstar has entered into an index licensing agreement (the “Licensing Agreement”) with the Advisor to allow the Advisor’s use of the Underlying Indexes for the operation of the Funds.  The Advisor pays licensing fees to Morningstar from the Advisor’s management fees or other resources. The Advisor has, in turn, entered into a sub-licensing agreement (the “Sub-Licensing Agreement”) with the Trust to allow the Funds to utilize the Underlying Indexes. The Funds pay no fees to Morningstar or the Advisor under the Sub-Licensing Agreement.
 
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
 
[•], located at [•], serves as independent registered public accounting firm to the Trust and performs the annual audit of the financial statements of the Funds, prepares the Funds’ federal, state and excise tax returns, and advises the Funds on matters of accounting and federal and state income taxation.  [•] will audit the financial statements of the Funds at least once each year.
 
COUNSEL
 
Katten Muchin Rosenman LLP, located at 575 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10022-2511, serves as counsel to the Trust and has passed upon the validity of each Fund’s Shares.
 
Other Service Providers
 
Pursuant to a Compliance Services Agreement (“Compliance Agreement”) with the Trust, Foreside Compliance Services, LLC (“FCS”), an affiliate of the Distributor, provides a Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”) for the Trust. Pursuant to an AML Service Agreement (“AML Agreement”) FCS provides the Trust’s Anti-Money Laundering Officer.  Pursuant to a PFO/Treasurer Agreement (“PFO Agreement”) with the Trust, Foreside Management Services, LLC (“FMS”), an affiliate of the Distributor, provides a Principal Financial Officer to the Trust.  As compensation for the foregoing services, FCS and FMS receive certain out of pocket costs and fixed fees which are accrued daily and paid monthly by the Trust.

 
20

 
 
The Compliance, AML and PFO Agreements with respect to the Funds continue in effect until terminated and are terminable with or without cause and without penalty by the Board of the Trust or by FCS or FMS with respect to the Trust on 60 days’ written notice to the other party. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Compliance Agreement provides that the Trust’s CCO may be removed by the Board at any time with or without cause and without penalty.
 
Under the Compliance, AML and PFO Agreements, FCS and FMS, respectively, are not liable to the Trust or the Trust’s shareholders for any act or omission, except for willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties or by reason of reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under the Compliance, AML and PFO Agreements. In addition, FCS and FMS and certain related parties (such as officers of FCS, FMS or certain officers of the Distributor and persons who control FCS, FMS or the Distributor) are indemnified by the Trust against any and all claims and expenses related to FCS’s or FMS’s actions or omissions, except for any act or omission resulting from FCS’s or FMS’s willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence in the performance of its duties or by reason of reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under the Compliance, AML and PFO Agreements.
 
Portfolio Managers
 
Other Accounts Managed.  The following table provides additional information about other portfolios or accounts managed by the Fund’s Portfolio Manager primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund, as of December 31, 2010.
 
Total number of other accounts managed by the Portfolio Manager within each category below and the total assets in the accounts managed within each category below. The Portfolio Manager manages no accounts on a performance basis.
 
Portfolio Manager
 
Registered
Investment Companies
   
Other Pooled
Investment Vehicles
   
Other Accounts
 
   
Number of
Accounts
   
Total Assets
($mm)
   
Number
of
Accounts
   
Total Assets
($mm)
   
Number of
Accounts
   
Total Assets
($mm)
 
                                                 
Kristopher A. Wallace
    0     $ 0       0     $ 0       1     $ 25  
                                                 
Travis Trampe
    0     $ 0       0     $ 0       1     $ 25  
 
Potential Conflicts of Interest.
 
Because each Portfolio Manager may manage multiple portfolios for multiple clients, the potential for conflicts of interest exists. Each Portfolio Manager may manage portfolios having substantially the same investment style as the Funds. However, the portfolios managed by a Portfolio Manager may not have portfolio compositions identical to those of the Funds managed by the Portfolio Manager due, for example, to specific investment limitations or guidelines present in some portfolios or accounts, but not others. Each Portfolio Manager may purchase securities for one portfolio and not another portfolio, and the performance of securities purchased for one portfolio may vary from the performance of securities purchased for other portfolios. A Portfolio Manager may place transactions on behalf of other accounts that are directly or indirectly contrary to investment decisions made on behalf of any Fund, or make investment decisions that are similar to those made for any Fund, both of which have the potential to adversely impact such Fund depending on market conditions. For example, a Portfolio Manager may purchase a security in one portfolio while appropriately selling that same security in another portfolio. In addition, some of these portfolios may have fee structures that are or have the potential to be higher than the advisory fees paid by the Funds, which can cause potential conflicts in the allocation of investment opportunities between a Fund and the other accounts. However, the compensation structure for the Portfolio Managers do not generally provide incentive to favor one account over another because that part of a Portfolio Manager’s bonus based on performance is not based on the performance of one account to the exclusion of others. There are many other factors considered in determining a Portfolio Manager’s bonus and there is no formula that is applied to weight the factors listed (see “Portfolio Manager Compensation Structure”). In addition, current trading practices do not allow the Advisor to intentionally favor one portfolio over another as trades are executed as trade orders are received. Portfolio’s rebalancing dates also generally vary between fund families. Program trades created from the portfolio rebalance are executed at market on close.
 
Portfolio Manager Compensation Structure.
 
Each Portfolio Manager receives a compensation consisting of a base salary and bonus. The level of base compensation takes into account the Portfolio Manager’s experience, reputation and competitive market rates. Bonuses are paid quarterly and represent a percentage of annual salary. Bonuses are based on the profitability of Scottrade Financial Services, Inc., FocusShares parent company.
 
Securities Ownership of Portfolio Managers.
 
The Portfolio Managers do not own Shares of any Fund.
 
21

 
 
PORTFOLIO TRANSACTIONS AND BROKERAGE
 
Subject to the general supervision by the Board, the Advisor is responsible for placing orders on behalf of each Fund for the purchase and sale of portfolio securities. When a Fund commences operations, it may incur brokerage commission charges as well as paying markups and markdowns on portfolio transactions. In selecting brokers or dealers for any transaction in portfolio securities, the Advisor’s policy is to make such selection based on factors deemed relevant, including but not limited to, the breadth of the market in the security, the price of the security, the reasonableness of the commission or mark-up or mark-down, if any, execution capability, settlement capability, back office efficiency and the financial condition of the broker or dealer, both for the specific transaction and on a continuing basis. The overall reasonableness of brokerage commissions paid is evaluated by the Advisor based upon its knowledge of available information as to the general level of commissions paid by other institutional investors for comparable services. Brokers may also be selected because of their ability to handle special or difficult executions, such as may be involved in large block trades, less liquid securities, broad distributions, or other circumstances. The Advisor does not consider the provision or value of research, products or services a broker or dealer may provide, if any, as a factor in the selection of a broker or dealer or the determination of the reasonableness of commissions paid in connection with portfolio transactions. The Trust has adopted policies and procedures that prohibit the consideration of sales of a Fund’s shares as a factor in the selection of a broker or a dealer to execute its portfolio transactions.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONCERNING THE TRUST

Shares

The Trust currently consists of 15 separate investment series or portfolios called funds. The Trust issues shares of beneficial interests in each fund with no par value. The Board may designate additional FocusShares funds.

Each share issued by a fund has a pro rata interest in the assets of that fund. Shares have no preemptive, exchange, subscription or conversion rights and are freely transferable. Each share is entitled to participate equally in dividends and distributions declared by the Board with respect to the relevant fund, and in the net distributable assets of such fund on liquidation.

Each share has one vote with respect to matters upon which the shareholder is entitled to vote. In any matter submitted to shareholders for a vote, each fund shall hold a separate vote, provided that shareholders of all affected funds will vote together when: (1) required by the 1940 Act or (2) the Trustees determine that the matter affects the interests of more than one fund.

Under Delaware law, the Trust is not required to hold an annual meeting of shareholders unless required to do so under the 1940 Act. The policy of the Trust is not to hold an annual meeting of shareholders unless required to do so under the 1940 Act. All shares (regardless of the fund) have noncumulative voting rights in the election of members of the Board. Under Delaware law, Trustees of the Trust may be removed by vote of the shareholders.

Following the creation of the initial Creation Unit(s) of shares of a fund and immediately prior to the commencement of trading in such fund’s shares, a holder of shares may be a “control person” of the fund, as defined in the 1940 Act. A fund cannot predict the length of time for which one or more shareholders may remain a control person of the fund.

In accordance with the Trust’s Third Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust dated August 20, 2008 (as amended, the “Declaration of Trust”), the Board may, without shareholder approval (unless such shareholder approval is required by applicable law, including the 1940 Act), cause one or more funds (each, a “New Fund”) to merge, reorganize, consolidate, sell all or substantially all of their assets, or take other similar actions with, to or into another New Fund.

Shareholder inquiries may be made by writing to the Trust, c/o FocusShares, LLC, 210 Summit Avenue Suite C-11, Montvale, NJ 07645.

Absent an applicable exemption or other relief from the SEC or its staff, beneficial owners of more than 5% of the shares of a fund may be subject to the reporting provisions of Section 13 of the 1934 Act and the SEC’s rules promulgated thereunder. In addition, absent an applicable exemption or other relief from the SEC staff, officers and trustees of a fund and beneficial owners of 10% of the shares of a fund (“Insiders”) may be subject to the insider reporting, short-swing profit and short sale provisions of Section 16 of the 1934 Act and the SEC’s rules promulgated thereunder. Beneficial owners and Insiders should consult with their own legal counsel concerning their obligations under Sections 13 and 16 of the 1934 Act.

 
22

 

Termination of the Trust or a Fund

The Trust or a Fund may be terminated by a majority vote of the Board subject to the affirmative vote of a majority of the holders of the Trust or such Fund entitled to vote on termination; however, in certain circumstances described in the Declaration of Trust, only a majority vote of the Board is required. Although the shares are not automatically redeemable upon the occurrence of any specific event, the Declaration of Trust provides that the Board will have the unrestricted power to alter the number of shares in a Creation Unit. In the event of a termination of the Trust or a Fund, the Board, in its sole discretion, could determine to permit the shares to be redeemable in aggregations smaller than Creation Units or to be individually redeemable. In such circumstance, the Trust may make redemptions in kind, for cash or for a combination of cash or securities.
 
BOOK ENTRY ONLY SYSTEM
 
Shares of each Fund are represented by securities registered in the name of DTC or its nominee and deposited with, or on behalf of, DTC.

DTC, a limited-purpose trust company, was created to hold securities of its participants (“DTC Participants”) and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions among the DTC Participants in such securities through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of the DTC Participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities’ certificates. DTC Participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations, some of whom (and/or their representatives) own DTC. More specifically, DTC is owned by a number of its DTC Participants and by the NYSE, the NYSE Amex Equities and FINRA. Access to the DTC system is also available to others such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a DTC Participant, either directly or indirectly (“Indirect Participants”).

Beneficial ownership of shares is limited to DTC Participants, Indirect Participants and persons holding interests through DTC Participants and Indirect Participants. Ownership of beneficial interests in shares (owners of such beneficial interests are referred to herein as “Beneficial Owners”) is shown on, and the transfer of ownership is effected only through, records maintained by DTC (with respect to DTC Participants) and on the records of DTC Participants (with respect to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners that are not DTC Participants). Beneficial Owners will receive from or through the DTC Participant a written confirmation relating to their purchase of shares.

Conveyance of all notices, statements and other communications to Beneficial Owners is effected as follows. Pursuant to the Depositary Agreement between the Trust and DTC, DTC is required to make available to the Trust upon request and for a fee to be charged to the Trust a listing of the shares of each Fund held by each DTC Participant. The Trust shall inquire of each such DTC Participant as to the number of Beneficial Owners holding shares, directly or indirectly, through such DTC Participant. The Trust shall provide each such DTC Participant with copies of such notice, statement or other communication, in such form, number and at such place as such DTC Participant may reasonably request, in order that such notice, statement or communication may be transmitted by such DTC Participant, directly or indirectly, to such Beneficial Owners. In addition, the Trust shall pay to each such DTC Participant a fair and reasonable amount as reimbursement for the expenses attendant to such transmittal, all subject to applicable statutory and regulatory requirements.

Share distributions shall be made to DTC or its nominee, Cede & Co., as the registered holder of all shares of the Trust. DTC or its nominee, upon receipt of any such distributions, shall credit immediately DTC Participants’ accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in shares of each Fund as shown on the records of DTC or its nominee. Payments by DTC Participants to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners of shares held through such DTC Participants will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in a “street name,” and will be the responsibility of such DTC Participants.

The Trust has no responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or notices to Beneficial Owners, or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in such shares, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests, or for any other aspect of the relationship between DTC and the DTC Participants or the relationship between such DTC Participants and the Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners owning through such DTC Participants. DTC may decide to discontinue providing its service with respect to shares of the Trust at any time by giving reasonable notice to the Trust and discharging its responsibilities with respect thereto under applicable law. Under such circumstances, the Trust shall take action to find a replacement for DTC to perform its functions at a comparable cost.

DTC rules applicable to DTC Participants are on file with the SEC. More information about DTC can be found at www.dtcc.com.

 
23

 
 
CREATION AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNITS
 
General
 
The Trust issues and sells Shares only in whole Creation Units on a continuous basis through the Distributor, without an initial sales load, at their NAV next determined after receipt, on any Business Day (as defined herein), of an order in proper form.
 
The Board reserves the right to declare a split or a consolidation in the number of shares outstanding of any fund of the Trust, and to make a corresponding change in the number of shares constituting a Creation Unit, in the event that the per share price in the secondary market rises (or declines) to an amount that falls outside the range deemed desirable by the Board.

A “Business Day” with respect to each Fund is any day on which the Listing Exchange on which the Fund is listed for trading is open for business. As of the date of this SAI, each Listing Exchange observes the following holidays, (as observed): New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day.
 
Fund Deposit
 
The consideration for purchase of Creation Units of a Fund generally consists of the in-kind deposit of a designated portfolio of equity securities (i.e., the Deposit Securities), which constitutes an optimized representation of the securities of the relevant Fund’s Underlying Index, and the Cash Component computed as described below. Together, the Deposit Securities and the Cash Component constitute the “Fund Deposit,” which represents the minimum initial and subsequent investment amount for a Creation Unit of any Fund.

For certain of the Funds, the portfolio of securities required for purchase of a Creation Unit may be different than the portfolio of securities a Fund will deliver upon redemption of Fund shares. The Deposit Securities and Fund Securities (as defined below under “—Redemption of Shares in Creation Units”), as the case may be, in connection with a purchase or redemption of a Creation Unit, will correspond pro rata, to the extent practicable, to the securities held by a Fund.

The Cash Component is sometimes also referred to as the “Balancing Amount.” The function of the Cash Component is to compensate for any differences between the NAV per Creation Unit and the Deposit Amount (as defined below). The Cash Component is an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the shares (per Creation Unit) and the “Deposit Amount,” which is an amount equal to the market value of the Deposit Securities. If the Cash Component is a positive number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit exceeds the Deposit Amount), the creator will deliver the Cash Component. If the Cash Component is a negative number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit is less than the Deposit Amount), the creator will receive the Cash Component. Computation of the Cash Component excludes any stamp duty or other similar fees and expenses payable upon transfer of beneficial ownership of the Deposit Securities, which shall be the sole responsibility of the Authorized Participant.

The Administrator, through the NSCC, makes available on each Business Day, prior to the opening of business on the (subject to amendments) applicable Listing Exchange (currently 9:30 a.m., Eastern time), the identity and the required number of shares of each Deposit Security and the amount of the Cash Component to be included in the current Fund Deposit (based on information at the end of the previous Business Day). Such Deposit Securities are applicable, subject to any adjustments as described below, in order to effect purchases of Creation Units of a given Fund until such time as the next-announced composition of the Deposit Securities is made available.

The identity and number of shares of the Deposit Securities change pursuant to the changes in the composition of a Fund’s portfolio and as rebalancing adjustments and corporate action events are reflected from time to time by the Advisor with a view to the investment objective of the relevant Fund. The composition of the Deposit Securities may also change in response to adjustments to the weighting or composition of the component securities of a Fund’s relevant Underlying Index.

The Trust reserves the right to permit or require the substitution of a “cash in-lieu” amount to be added to the Cash Component to replace any Deposit Security that may not be available in sufficient quantity for delivery or that may not be eligible for transfer through the systems of DTC or the Clearing Process (as discussed below), or the Federal Reserve System for US Treasury securities.

 
24

 

The Trust reserves the right to permit or require a “cash-in-lieu” amount where the delivery of Deposit Securities by the Authorized Participant (as described below) would be restricted under the securities laws or where the delivery of Deposit Securities to the Authorized Participant would result in the disposition of Deposit Securities by the Authorized Participant becoming restricted under the securities laws, and in certain other situations. The adjustments described above will reflect changes known to the Advisor on the date of announcement to be in effect by the time of delivery of the Fund Deposit, in the composition of the relevant Underlying Index or resulting from certain corporate actions.
 
Procedures for Creation of Creation Units
 
To be eligible to place orders with the Distributor to create whole Creation Units of the Funds, an entity or person either must be (1) a “Participating Party,” i.e., a broker-dealer or other participant in the Clearing Process through the Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC; or (2) a DTC Participant (see “Book Entry Only System”); and, in either case, must have executed an agreement with the Trust and with the Distributor with respect to creations and redemptions of Creation Units outside the Clearing Process (as may be amended from time to time in accordance with its terms) (“Participant Agreement”) (discussed below) (“Authorized Participant”). All Creation Units of the Funds, however created, will be entered on the records of the Depository in the Nominee name for the account of a DTC Participant.
 
All orders to create Creation Units must be placed in whole multiples of 50,000 Shares (i.e. a Creation Unit). All orders to create Creation Units, whether through the Clearing Process or outside the Clearing Process, must be received by the Distributor no later than the closing time of the regular trading session the Listing Exchange (“Closing Time”) (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) (3:00 p.m. for Custom Orders) in each case on the date such order is placed in order for creation of Creation Units to be effected based on the NAV of the Funds as determined on such date. The date on which an order to create Creation Units (or an order to redeem Creation Units, as discussed below) is timely received in proper form is referred to as the “Transmittal Date.” Orders must be transmitted by an Authorized Participant by telephone or other transmission method acceptable to the Distributor pursuant to procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement, as described below (see “—Placement of Creation Orders Using Clearing Process”). Economic or market disruptions or changes, or telephone or other communication failure, may impede the ability to reach the Distributor or an Authorized Participant.
 
Creation Units may be created in advance of the receipt by the Trust of all or a portion of the Fund Deposit. In such cases, the Authorized Participant will remain liable for the full deposit of the missing portion(s) of the Fund Deposit and will be required to post collateral with the Trust consisting of cash at least equal to a percentage of the marked-to-market value of such missing portion(s) that is specified in the Participant Agreement.  The Participant Agreement for any Authorized Participant intending to follow such procedures will contain terms and conditions permitting the Trust to use such collateral to buy the missing portion(s) of the Fund Deposit at any time and will subject such Authorized Participant to liability for any shortfall between the cost to the Trust of purchasing such securities and the value of such collateral. The Trust will have no liability for any such shortfall. The Trust will return any unused portion of the collateral to the Authorized Participant once the entire Fund Deposit has been properly received by the Distributor and deposited into the Trust.
 
Orders to create Creation Units of the Funds may be placed through the Clearing Process utilizing the procedures described below under the heading  “—Placement of Creation Orders Using Clearing Process” or outside the Clearing Process utilizing the procedures described below under the heading “ —Placement of Creation Orders Outside Clearing Process”.
 
All orders to create Creation Units shall be placed with an Authorized Participant in the form required by such Authorized Participant. In addition, an Authorized Participant may request that an investor make certain representations or enter into agreements with respect to an order (e.g., to provide for payments of cash). Investors should be aware that their particular broker may not have executed a Participant Agreement and, therefore, orders to create Creation Units of a Fund will have to be placed by the investor’s broker through an Authorized Participant. In such cases, there may be additional charges to such investor. A limited number of broker-dealers has executed a Participant Agreement and only a small number of such Authorized Participants have international capabilities.

 
25

 
 
Investors placing orders to create Creation Units of the Funds that are effected outside the Clearing Process are likely to require transmittal by the DTC Participant earlier on the Transmittal Date than orders effected using the Clearing Process. Those persons placing orders outside the Clearing Process should ascertain the deadlines applicable to DTC and the Federal Reserve Bank wire system by contacting the operations department of the broker or depository institution effectuating such transfer of Deposit Securities and Cash Component.
 
Placement of Creation Orders Using Clearing Process
 
The Clearing Process is the process of creating or redeeming Creation Units. Fund Deposits made through the Clearing Process must be delivered through a Participating Party that has executed a Participant Agreement.  The Participant Agreement authorizes the Distributor to transmit to NSCC, on behalf of the Participating Party, such trade instructions as are necessary to effect the Participating Party’s creation order. Pursuant to such trade instructions from the Distributor to NSCC, the Participating Party agrees to transfer the requisite Deposit Securities (or contracts to purchase such Deposit Securities that are expected to be delivered in a “regular way” manner by the third (3rd) NSCC Business Day) and the Cash Component to the Trust, together with such additional information as may be required by the Custodian. An order to create Creation Units of the Funds through the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Distributor on the Transmittal Date if (i) such order is received by the Distributor not later than the Closing Time on such Transmittal Date and (ii) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed.
 
Placement of Creation Orders Outside Clearing Process
 
Fund Deposits made outside the Clearing Process must be delivered through a DTC Participant that has executed a Participant Agreement. A DTC participant who wishes to place an order creating Creation Units to be effected outside the Clearing Process does not need to be a Participating Party, but such orders must state that the DTC Participant is not using the Clearing Process and that the creation of Creation Units will instead be effected through a transfer of securities and cash directly through DTC. The Fund Deposit transfer must be ordered by the DTC Participant on the Transmittal Date in a timely fashion so as to ensure the delivery of the requisite number of Deposit Securities through DTC to the account of the Fund by no later than 2:00 p.m., Eastern time, on the “Settlement Date.” The Settlement Date is typically the third Business Day following the Transmittal Date. However, the Settlement Date for certain Funds is the second Business Day following the Transmittal Date and each Fund reserves the right to settle transactions on a basis other than T+2. In certain cases Authorized Participants will create and redeem Creation Units of the same Fund on the same trade date. In these instances, the Trust reserves the right to settle these transactions on a net basis.

All questions as to the number of Deposit Securities to be delivered, and the validity, form and eligibility (including time of receipt) for the deposit of any tendered securities, will be determined by the Trust, whose determination shall be final and binding. The amount of cash equal to the Cash Component must be transferred directly to the Custodian through the Federal Reserve Bank wire transfer system in a timely manner so as to be received by the Custodian no later than 2:00 p.m., Eastern time, on the Settlement Date. An order to create Creation Units outside the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Custodian on the Transmittal Date if: (i) such order is received by the Distributor not later than the Closing Time on such Transmittal Date; and (ii) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed. However, if the Custodian does not receive both the required Deposit Securities and the Cash Component by 2:00 p.m., Eastern time on the Settlement Date, such order may be canceled. Upon written notice to the Distributor, such canceled order may be resubmitted the following Business Day using a Fund Deposit as newly constituted to reflect the then current NAV of the Fund. The delivery of Creation Units so created generally will occur no later than the Settlement Date.
 
Acceptance of Orders for Creation Units
 
The Trust reserves the absolute right to reject a creation order transmitted to it by the Distributor if, for any reason, (i) the order is not in proper form; (ii) the creator or creators, upon obtaining the Shares ordered, would own 80% or more of the currently outstanding Shares of the Funds; (iii) the Deposit Securities delivered are not as specified by the Administrator, as described above; (iv) acceptance of the Deposit Securities would have certain adverse tax consequences to the Funds; (v) the acceptance of the Fund Deposit would, in the opinion of counsel, be unlawful; (vi) the acceptance of the Fund Deposit would otherwise, in the discretion of the Trust or the Advisor, have an adverse effect on the Trust or the rights of Beneficial Owners; or (vii) in the event that circumstances outside the control of the Trust, the Distributor and the Advisor make it for all practical purposes impossible to process creation orders. Examples of such circumstances include acts of God or public service or utility problems such as fires, floods, extreme weather conditions and power outages resulting in telephone, telecopy and computer failures; market conditions or activities causing trading halts; systems failures involving computer or other information systems affecting the Trust, the Advisor, the Distributor, DTC, NSCC or any other participant in the creation process, and similar extraordinary events. The Distributor shall notify an Authorized Participant of its rejection of the order. The Trust and the Distributor are under no duty, however, to give notification of any defects or irregularities in the delivery of Fund Deposits nor shall either of them incur any liability for the failure to give any such notification.

 
26

 
 
All questions as to the number of shares of each Deposit Security and the validity, form, eligibility and acceptance for deposit of any Deposit Securities to be delivered shall be determined by the Trust, and the Trust’s determination shall be final and binding.
 
Creation Transaction Fee
 
A fixed creation Transaction Fee of $500 payable to the Custodian is imposed on each purchaser of Creation Units using the Clearing Process. The creation Transaction Fee is the same regardless of the number of Creation Units purchased by an Authorized Participant on the same day.
 
In addition, a variable charge for cash creations or for creations outside the Clearing Process currently of up to four times the basic creation Transaction Fee will be imposed. Where the Trust permits a creator to substitute cash in lieu of depositing a portion of the Deposit Securities, the Authorized Participant will be assessed the additional variable Transaction Fee for cash creations on the “cash in lieu” portion of its investment. Purchasers of Creation Units are responsible for the costs of transferring the securities constituting the Deposit Securities to the account of the Trust. Investors who use the services of a broker or other such intermediary may be charged a fee for such services.
 
Redemption of Shares in Creation Units
 
Shares may be redeemed only in whole Creation Units at their NAV next determined after receipt of a redemption request in proper form by the Distributor, only on a Business Day and only through an Authorized Participant. The Trust will not redeem Shares in amounts less than whole Creation Units. Beneficial Owners also may sell Shares in the secondary market, but must accumulate enough Shares to constitute a whole Creation Unit in order to have such Shares redeemed by the Trust. There can be no assurance, however, that there will be sufficient liquidity in the public trading market at any time to permit assembly of a whole Creation Unit. Investors should expect to incur brokerage and other costs in connection with assembling a sufficient number of Shares to constitute a redeemable Creation Unit.
 
The Administrator, through NSCC, immediately prior to the opening of business on the applicable Listing Exchange (currently 9:30 a.m., Eastern time) on each Business Day, the identity and number of shares that will be applicable (subject to possible amendment or correction) to redemption requests received in proper form (as described below) on that day (“Portfolio Securities”). Portfolio Securities received on redemption may not be identical to Deposit Securities that are applicable to creations of Creation Units.
 
Unless cash redemptions are available or specified for the Funds, the redemption proceeds for a Creation Unit generally consist of Portfolio Securities as announced by the Administrator on the Business Day of the request for redemption, plus cash in an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the Shares being redeemed, as next determined after a receipt of a request in proper form, and the value of the Fund Securities, less the redemption Transaction Fee described below. The redemption Transaction Fee of $500 is deducted from such redemption proceeds. In the event that the Portfolio Securities have a value greater than the NAV of the Shares being redeemed, a compensating cash payment to the Trust equal to the differential plus the applicable redemption Transaction Fee will be required to be arranged for by or on behalf of the redeeming shareholder.
 
Redemptions of shares will be subject to compliance with applicable US federal and state securities laws and each Fund (whether or not it otherwise permits cash redemptions) reserves the right to redeem Creation Units for cash to the extent that the Trust cannot lawfully deliver specific Fund Securities upon redemptions or cannot do so without first registering the Fund Securities under such laws. An Authorized Participant, or an investor for which it is acting subject to a legal restriction with respect to a particular security included in the Fund Securities, may be paid an equivalent amount of cash. This would specifically prohibit delivery of Fund Securities that are not registered in reliance upon Rule 144A under the 1933 Act to a redeeming Beneficial Owner that is not a “qualified institutional buyer,” as such term is defined under Rule 144A of the 1933 Act. An Authorized Participant may request a redeeming Beneficial Owner of the shares to complete an order form or to enter into agreements with respect to such matters as compensating cash payment.

 
27

 

The right of redemption may be suspended or the date of payment postponed with respect to any Fund: (i) for any period during which the NYSE is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings); (ii) for any period during which trading on the NYSE is suspended or restricted; (iii) for any period during which an emergency exists as a result of which disposal of the shares of a Fund or determination of such Fund’s NAV is not reasonably practicable; or (iv) in such other circumstances as is permitted by the SEC.
 
Redemption Transaction Fee
 
The basic redemption Transaction Fees are the same no matter how many Creation Units are being redeemed pursuant to any one redemption request. The Funds may adjust these Transaction Fees from time to time based upon actual experience. An additional charge up to four times the redemption Transaction Fee may be charged with respect to redemptions outside of the Clearing Process. An additional variable charge for cash redemptions or partial cash redemptions (when cash redemptions are available) may also be imposed. Investors who use the services of a broker or other such intermediary may be charged a fee for such services.
 
Placement of Redemption Orders Using Clearing Process
 
Orders to redeem Creation Units of the Funds through the Clearing Process must be delivered through a Participating Party that has executed the Participant Agreement. An order to redeem Creation Units using the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Trust on the Transmittal Date if: (i) such order is received by the Distributor not later than the Closing Time on such Transmittal Date; and (ii) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed. Such order will be effected based on the NAV of the Fund as next determined. An order to redeem Creation Units using the Clearing Process made in proper form but received by the Trust after the Closing Time, will be deemed received on the next Business Day immediately following the Transmittal Date and will be effected at the NAV next determined on such Business Day. The requisite Portfolio Securities and the Cash Redemption Amount will be transferred by the third NSCC Business Day following the date on which such request for redemption is deemed received.
 
Placement of Redemption Orders Outside Clearing Process
 
Orders to redeem Creation Units of the Funds outside the Clearing Process must be delivered through a DTC Participant that has executed the Participant Agreement. A DTC Participant who wishes to place an order for redemption of Creation Units to be effected outside the Clearing Process does not need to be a Participating Party, but such orders must state that the DTC Participant is not using the Clearing Process and that redemption of Creation Units will instead be effected through transfer of shares directly through DTC. An order to redeem Creation Units outside the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Trust on the Transmittal Date if: (i) such order is received by the Distributor not later than the Closing Time on such Transmittal Date; (ii) such order is accompanied or followed by the requisite number of shares of the Fund specified in such order, which delivery must be made through DTC to the Custodian no later than 11:00 a.m., Eastern time, on the contracted settlement date; and (iii) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed. After the Trust has deemed an order for redemption outside the Clearing Process received, the Trust will initiate procedures to transfer the requisite Fund Securities which are expected to be delivered within three Business Days and the Cash Redemption Amount to the Authorized Participant on behalf of the redeeming Beneficial Owner by the Settlement Date. In certain cases Authorized Participants will redeem and create Creation Units of the same Fund on the same trade date. In these instances, the Trust reserves the right to settle these transactions on a net basis.

Taxation on Creation and Redemptions of Creation Units

An Authorized Participant generally will recognize either gain or loss upon the exchange of Deposit Securities for Creation Units. This gain or loss is calculated by taking the market value of the Creation Units purchased over the Authorized Participant’s aggregate basis in the Deposit Securities exchanged therefor. However, the US Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) may apply the wash sales rules to determine that any loss realized upon the exchange of Deposit Securities for Creation Units as capital assets is not currently deductible. Authorized Participants should consult their own tax advisors.

 
28

 
 
Current US federal tax laws dictate that capital gain or loss realized from the redemption of Creation Units will generally create long-term capital gain or loss if the Authorized Participant holds the Creation Units as capital assets for more than one year, or short-term capital gain or loss if the Creation Units were held for one year or less, if the Creation Units are held as capital assets.
 
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
 
The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in the Funds’ Prospectus entitled “Shareholder Information —Determination of Net Asset Value.”
 
The NAV per Share for each Fund is computed by dividing the value of the net assets of the Fund (i.e., the value of its total assets less total liabilities) by the total number of Shares outstanding, rounded to the nearest cent. Expenses and fees, including the management fee, are accrued daily and taken into account for purposes of determining NAV. The NAV of each Fund is determined as of the close of the regular trading session on NYSE Arca (ordinarily 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) on each day that such exchange is open. Any assets or liabilities denominated in currencies other than the US dollar are converted into US dollars at the current market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more sources.
 
In computing each Fund’s NAV, the Fund’s Portfolio Securities are valued based on market quotations. When market quotations are not readily available for a Portfolio Security a Fund must use such security’s fair value as determined in good faith in accordance with the Fund’s Valuation Guidelines which are approved by the Board of Trustees.
 
The value of each Fund’s Portfolio Securities is based on such securities’ closing price on local markets when available. If a Portfolio Security’s market price is not readily available or does not otherwise accurately reflect the fair value of such security, the Portfolio Security will be valued by another method that the Advisor believes will better reflect fair value in accordance with the Trust’s Valuation Guidelines. Each Fund may use fair value pricing in a variety of circumstances, including but not limited to, situations when the value of a Fund’s Portfolio Security has been materially affected by events occurring after the close of the market on which such security is principally traded (such as a corporate action or other news that may materially affect the price of such security) or trading in such security has been suspended or halted. In addition, each Fund currently expects that it will fair value foreign equity Portfolio Securities each day the Fund calculates its NAV. Accordingly, a Fund’s NAV is expected to reflect certain Portfolio Securities’ fair values rather than their market prices. Fair value pricing involves subjective judgments and it is possible that a fair value determination for a Portfolio Security is materially different than the value that could be realized upon the sale of such security. In addition, fair value pricing could result in a difference between the prices used to calculate a Fund’s NAV and the prices used by the Fund’s Underlying Index. This may adversely affect a Fund’s ability to track its Underlying Index. With respect to securities that are primarily listed on foreign exchanges, the value of a Fund’s Portfolio Securities may change on days when you will not be able to purchase or sell your Shares.
 
INDICATIVE INTRA-DAY VALUE
 
The approximate value of the Funds’ investments on a per-Share basis, the Indicative Intra-Day Value or IIV, is disseminated by the Exchange or a market data vendor every 15 seconds through the facilities of the Consolidated Tape Association or other widely disseminated means during hours of trading on the Exchange. The IIV should not be viewed as a “real-time” update of NAV because the IIV will be calculated by an independent third party calculator and may not be calculated in the exact same manner as NAV, which is computed daily.

The Exchange or other market data vendor calculating the IIV calculates the IIV during hours of trading on the Exchange by dividing the “Estimated Fund Value” as of the time of the calculation by the total number of outstanding Shares. “Estimated Fund Value” is the sum of the estimated amount of cash held in a Fund’s portfolio, the estimated amount of accrued interest owing to a Fund and the estimated value of the securities held in a Fund’s portfolio, minus the estimated amount of liabilities. The IIV will be calculated based on the same portfolio holdings disclosed on the Funds’ website. In determining the estimated value for each of the component securities, the IIV will use last sale, market prices or other methods that would be considered appropriate for pricing equity securities held by registered investment companies.

 
29

 

Although the Trust and the Funds provide the independent third party calculator with information to calculate the IIV, the Funds are not involved in the actual calculation of the IIV and are not responsible for the calculation or dissemination of the IIV. The Trust and the Funds make no warranty as to the accuracy of the IIV.
 
DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
 
The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in the Prospectus entitled “Dividends, Distributions and Taxes.”
 
General Policies
 
Dividends from net investment income are declared and paid at least annually by each Fund. Distributions of net realized capital gains, if any, generally are declared and paid once a year, but the Trust may make distributions on a more frequent basis for each Fund to improve its Underlying Index tracking or to comply with the distribution requirements of the Code, in all events in a manner consistent with the provisions of the 1940 Act. In addition, the Trust may distribute at least annually amounts representing the full dividend yield on the underlying Portfolio Securities of the Funds, net of expenses of the Funds, as if each Fund owned such underlying Portfolio Securities for the entire dividend period in which case some portion of each distribution may result in a return of capital for tax purposes for certain shareholders.
 
Dividends and other distributions on Shares are distributed, as described below, on a pro rata basis to Beneficial Owners of such Shares. Dividend payments are made through DTC Participants and Indirect Participants to Beneficial Owners then of record with proceeds received from the Trust. The Trust makes additional distributions to the minimum extent necessary (i) to distribute the entire annual taxable income of the Trust, plus any net capital gains and (ii) to avoid imposition of the excise tax imposed by Section 4982 of the Code. Management of the Trust reserves the right to declare special dividends if, in its reasonable discretion, such action is necessary or advisable to preserve the status of each Fund as a RIC or to avoid imposition of income or excise taxes on undistributed income.
 
Dividend Reinvestment Service
 
No reinvestment service is provided by the Trust. Broker-dealers may make available the DTC book-entry Dividend Reinvestment Service for use by Beneficial Owners of the Funds through DTC Participants for reinvestment of their dividend distributions. If this service is used, dividend distributions of both income and realized gains will be automatically reinvested in additional whole Shares of the Funds. Beneficial Owners should contact their broker to determine the availability and costs of the service and the details of participation therein. Brokers may require Beneficial Owners to adhere to specific procedures and timetables.
 
FEDERAL INCOME TAXES
 
Set forth below is a discussion of certain U.S. federal income tax considerations affecting the Funds and the purchase, ownership and disposition of Shares. It is based upon the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), the regulations promulgated thereunder, judicial authorities, and administrative rulings and practices as in effect as of the date of this SAI, all of which are subject to change, including the following information which also supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in the Prospectus entitled “Dividends, Distributions and Taxes.”
 
The following is a summary of the material U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to an investment in Fund Shares. The summary is based on the laws in effect on the date of this SAI and existing judicial and administrative interpretations thereof, all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. In addition, this summary assumes that a Fund shareholder holds Fund Shares as capital assets within the meaning of the Code, and does not hold Fund Shares in connection with a trade or business. This summary does not address all potential U.S. federal income tax considerations possibly applicable to an investment in Fund Shares, to Fund shareholders holding Fund Shares through a partnership (or other pass-through entity) or to Fund shareholders subject to special tax rules. Prospective Fund shareholders are urged to consult their own tax advisers with respect to the specific federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences of investing in Fund Shares.

 
30

 
 
The Funds have not requested and will not request an advance ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) as to the federal income tax matters described below. The IRS could adopt positions contrary to those discussed below and such positions could be sustained. Prospective investors should consult their own tax advisors with regard to the federal tax consequences of the purchase, ownership or disposition of Shares, as well as the tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, foreign country or other taxing jurisdiction.
 
Tax Treatment of the Funds
 
In General.  Each Fund intends to qualify and elect to be treated as a separate RIC under the Code. To qualify and maintain its tax status as a RIC, each Fund must meet annually certain income and asset diversification requirements and must distribute annually at least ninety percent of its “investment company taxable income” (which includes dividends, interest and net short-term capital gains). As a RIC, a Fund generally will not have to pay corporate-level federal income taxes on any ordinary income or capital gains that it distributes to its shareholders.

With respect to some or all of its investments, a Fund may be required to recognize taxable income in advance of receiving the related cash payment. For example, if a Fund invests in original issue discount obligations (such as zero coupon debt instruments or debt instruments with payment-in-kind interest), the Fund will be required to include as interest income a portion of the original issue discount that accrues over the term of the obligation, even if the related cash payment is not received by the Fund until a later year. Under the “wash sale” rules, a Fund may not be able to deduct a loss on a disposition of a portfolio security against a prior gain from a substantially similar portfolio security. As a result, the Fund may be required to make an annual income distribution greater than the total cash actually received during the year. Such distribution may be made from the cash assets of the Fund or by selling Portfolio Securities. The Fund may realize gains or losses from such sales, in which event the Fund’s shareholders may receive a larger capital gain distribution than they would in the absence of such transactions.

A Fund will be subject to a four percent excise tax on certain undistributed income if the Fund does not distribute to its shareholders in each calendar year at least 98% of its ordinary income for the calendar year plus 98.2% of its capital gain net income for the twelve months ended October 31 of such year. Each Fund intends to make distributions necessary to avoid the 4% excise tax.

Failure to Maintain RIC Status. If a Fund fails to qualify as a RIC for any year, the Fund (subject to certain corrective measures that may apply) will be subject to regular corporate-level income tax in that year on all of its taxable income, regardless of whether the Fund makes any distributions to its shareholders. In addition, distributions will be taxable to a Fund’s shareholders generally as ordinary dividends to the extent of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. Distributions from a non-qualifying Fund’s earnings and profits will be taxable to the Fund’s shareholders as regular dividends, possibly eligible for (i) in the case of an individual Fund shareholder, treatment as a qualifying dividend (as discussed below) subject to tax at preferential capital gains rates or (ii) in the case of a corporate Fund shareholder, a dividends-received deduction.

PFIC Investments.  The Fund may purchase shares in a foreign corporation treated as a “passive foreign investment company” (a “PFIC”) for federal income tax purposes. As a result, the Fund may be subject to increased federal income tax (plus charges in the nature of interest on previously-deferred income taxes on the PFIC’s income) on “excess distributions” made on or gain from a sale (or other disposition) of the PFIC shares even if the Fund distributes the excess distributions to its shareholders.

In lieu of the increased income tax and deferred tax interest charges on excess distributions on and dispositions of a PFIC’s shares, the Fund can elect to treat the underlying PFIC as a “qualified electing fund,” provided that the PFIC agrees to provide the Fund with adequate information regarding its annual results and other aspects of its operations. With a “qualified electing fund” election in place, the Fund must include in its income each year its share (whether distributed or not) of the ordinary earnings and net capital gain of a PFIC.

In the alternative, the Fund can elect, under certain conditions, to mark-to-market at the end of each taxable year its PFIC shares. The Fund would recognize as ordinary income any increase in the value of the PFIC shares and as an ordinary loss (up to any prior income resulting from the mark-to-market election) any decrease in the value of the PFIC shares.

With a “mark-to-market” or “qualified election fund” election in place on a PFIC, the Fund might be required to recognize in a year income in excess of its actual distributions on and proceeds from dispositions of the PFIC’s shares. Any such income would be subject to the RIC distribution requirements and would be taken into account for purposes of the 4% excise tax (described above).

 
31

 

Futures Contracts. A Fund may be required to mark-to-market and recognize as income for each taxable year its net unrealized gains and losses on certain futures contracts. In addition, a Fund may be required to defer the recognition of losses on futures contracts to the extent of any unrecognized gains on related positions held by the Fund. Any income from futures contracts would be subject to the RIC distribution requirements and would be taken into account for purposes of the 4% excise tax (described above).

Foreign Currency Transactions. Gains or losses attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the time a Fund accrues income, expenses or other items denominated in a foreign currency and the time the Fund actually collects or pays such items are generally treated as ordinary income or loss. Similarly, gains or losses on foreign currency forward contracts and the disposition of debt securities denominated in a foreign currency, to the extent attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates between the acquisition and disposition dates, are also treated as ordinary income or loss.

Special or Uncertain Tax Consequences. A Fund’s investment or other activities could be subject to special and complex tax rules that may produce differing tax consequences, such as disallowing or limiting the use of losses or deductions (such as the “wash sale” rules), causing the recognition of income or gain without a corresponding receipt of cash, affecting the time as to when a purchase or sale of stock or securities is deemed to occur or altering the characterization of certain complex financial transactions. Each Fund will monitor its investment activities for any adverse effects that may result from these special tax rules.

A Fund may engage in investment or other activities the treatment of which may not be clear or may be subject to recharacterization by the IRS. In particular, the tax treatment of swaps and other derivatives and income from foreign currency transactions is unclear for purposes of determining a Fund’s status as a RIC. If a final determination on the tax treatment of a Fund’s investment or other activities differs from the Fund’s original expectations, the final determination could adversely affect the Fund’s status as a RIC or the timing or character of income recognized by the Fund, requiring the Fund to purchase or sell assets, alter its portfolio or take other action in order to comply with the final determination.

Tax Treatment of Fund Shareholders
 
Fund Distributions.  In general, Fund distributions are subject to federal income tax when paid, regardless of whether they consist of cash or property or are re-invested in Fund Shares. However, any Fund distribution declared in October, November or December of any calendar year and payable to shareholders of record on a specified date during such month will be deemed to have been received by each Fund shareholder on December 31 of such calendar year, provided such dividend is actually paid during January of the following calendar year.

Distributions of a Fund’s net investment income (other than, as discussed below, qualifying dividend income) and net short-term capital gains are taxable as ordinary income to the extent of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits. Distributions of a Fund’s net long-term capital gains in excess of net short-term capital losses are taxable as long-term capital gain to the extent of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits, regardless of a Fund shareholder’s holding period in the Fund’s Shares. Distributions of qualifying dividend income are taxable as long-term capital gain to the extent of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits, provided that the Fund shareholder meets certain holding period and other requirements with respect to the distributing Fund’s Shares and the distributing Fund meets certain holding period and other requirements with respect to its dividend-paying stocks.

Each Fund intends to distribute its long-term capital gains at least annually. However, by providing written notice to its shareholders no later than 60 days after its year-end, a Fund may elect to retain some or all of its long-term capital gains and designate the retained amount as a “deemed distribution.” In that event, the Fund pays income tax on the retained long-term capital gain, and each Fund shareholder recognizes a proportionate share of the Fund’s undistributed long-term capital gain. In addition, each Fund shareholder can claim a refundable tax credit for the shareholder’s proportionate share of the Fund’s income taxes paid on the undistributed long-term capital gain and increase the tax basis of the Fund Shares by an amount equal to the shareholder’s proportionate share of the Fund’s undistributed long-term capital gains, reduced by the amount of the shareholder’s tax credit.

Long-term capital gains of non-corporate Fund shareholders (i.e., individuals, trusts and estates) are taxed at a maximum rate of 15% for taxable years that begin on or before December 31, 2012. In addition, for those taxable years, Fund distributions of qualifying dividend income to non-corporate Fund shareholders qualify for taxation at long-term capital gain rates. Under current law, the taxation of qualifying dividend income at long-term capital gain rates will no longer apply for taxable years that began after December 31, 2012.

 
32

 

Investors considering buying Fund Shares just prior to a distribution should be aware that, although the price of the Fund Shares purchased at such time may reflect the forthcoming distribution, such distribution nevertheless may be taxable (as opposed to a non-taxable return of capital).

REIT/REMIC Investments. A Fund may invest in REITs owning residual interests in real estate mortgage investment conduits (“REMICs”). Income from a REIT to the extent attributable to a REMIC residual interest (known as “excess inclusion” income) is allocated to a Fund’s shareholders in proportion to the dividends received from the Fund, producing the same income tax consequences as if the Fund shareholders directly received the excess inclusion income. In general, excess inclusion income (i) cannot be offset by net operating losses (subject to a limited exception for certain thrift institutions), (ii) constitutes “unrelated business taxable income” to certain entities (such as a qualified pension plan, an individual retirement account, a 401(k) plan, a Keogh plan or other tax-exempt entity), and (iii) in the case of a foreign shareholder, does not qualify for any withholding tax reduction or exemption. In addition, if at any time during any taxable year certain types of entities own Fund Shares, the Fund will be subject to a tax equal to the product of (i) the excess inclusion income allocable to such entities and (ii) the highest U.S. federal income tax rate imposed on corporations. A Fund is also subject to information reporting with respect to any excess inclusion income.

Sales of Fund Shares.  Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of Fund Shares is treated generally as a long-term gain or loss if the Fund Shares have been held for more than one year. Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of Fund Shares held for one year or less is generally treated as a short-term gain or loss, except that any capital loss on the sale of Fund Shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent that capital gain dividends were paid with respect to such Fund Shares.

Creation Unit Issues and Redemptions.  On an issue of Fund Shares as part of a Creation Unit, an Authorized Participant recognizes capital gain or loss equal to the difference between (i) the fair market value (at issue) of the issued Fund Shares (plus any cash received by the Authorized Participant as part of the issue) and (ii) the Authorized Participant’s aggregate basis in the exchanged securities (plus any cash paid by the Authorized Participant as part of the issue). On a redemption of Fund Shares as part of a Creation Unit, an Authorized Participant recognizes capital gain or loss equal to the difference between (i) the fair market value (at redemption) of the securities received (plus any cash received by the Authorized Participant as part of the redemption) and (ii) the Authorized Participant’s basis in the redeemed Fund Shares (plus any cash paid by the Authorized Participant as part of the redemption). However, the IRS may assert, under the “wash sale” rules or on the basis that there has been no significant change in the Authorized Participant’s economic position, that any loss on an issue or redemption of Creation Units cannot be deducted currently.

In general, any capital gain or loss recognized upon the issue or redemption of Fund Shares (as components of a Creation Unit) is treated either as long-term capital gain or loss, if the deposited securities (in the case of an issue) or the Fund Shares (in the case of a redemption) have been held for more than one year, or otherwise as short-term capital gain or loss. However, any capital loss on a redemption of Fund Shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent that capital gain dividends were paid with respect to such Fund Shares.

Back-Up Withholding.  A Fund may be required to report certain information on a Fund shareholder to the IRS and withhold federal income tax (“backup withholding”) at a 28% rate from all taxable distributions and redemption proceeds payable to the Fund shareholder if the Fund shareholder fails to provide the Fund with a correct taxpayer identification number (or, in the case of a U.S. individual, a social security number) or a completed exemption certificate (e.g., an IRS Form W-8BEN in the case of a foreign Fund shareholder) or if the IRS notifies the Fund that the Fund shareholder is otherwise subject to backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amount withheld may be credited against a Fund shareholder’s federal income tax liability.

Tax Shelter Reporting Regulations. If a Fund shareholder recognizes a loss with respect to Fund Shares of $2 million or more (for an individual Fund shareholder) or $10 million or more (or a greater loss over a combination of years) for a corporate stockholder in any single taxable year, the Fund shareholder must file a disclosure statement with the IRS. Significant penalties may be imposed upon the failure to comply with these reporting rules.

 
33

 

Special Issues for Foreign Shareholders

In general.  If a Fund shareholder is not a U.S. citizen or resident or if a Fund shareholder is a foreign entity, the Fund’s ordinary income dividends (including distributions of net short-term capital gains and other amounts that would not be subject to U.S. withholding tax if paid directly to foreign Fund shareholders) will be subject, in general, to withholding tax at a rate of 30% (or at a lower rate established under an applicable tax treaty). However, for Fund tax years that begin on or before December 31, 2011, interest-related dividends and short-term capital gain dividends generally will not be subject to withholding tax; provided that the foreign Fund shareholder furnishes the Fund with a completed IRS Form W-8BEN (or acceptable substitute documentation) establishing the Fund shareholder’s status as foreign and that the Fund does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that the foreign Fund shareholder would be subject to withholding tax if the foreign Fund shareholder were to receive the related amounts directly rather than as dividends from the Fund.

Gain on a sale of Fund Shares or an exchange of such stockholder’s Shares of the Fund will be exempt from U.S. federal income tax (including withholding at the source) unless (i) in the case of an individual foreign Fund shareholder, the Fund shareholder is physically present in the United States for more than 182 days during the taxable year and meets certain other requirements, or (ii) at any time during the shorter of the period during which the foreign Fund shareholder held such Shares of the Fund and the five-year period ending on the date of the disposition of those shares, the Fund was a “U.S. real property holding corporation” (as defined below) and the foreign Fund shareholder actually or constructively held more than 5% of the Fund Shares of the same class. In the case of a disposition described in clause (ii) of the preceding sentence, the gain would be taxed in the same manner as for a domestic Fund shareholder and in certain cases collected through withholding at the source in an amount equal to 10% of the sales proceeds.

Unless treated as a “domestically-controlled” RIC, a Fund will be a “U.S. real property holding corporation” if the fair market value of its U.S. real property interests (which includes shares of U.S. real property holding corporations and certain participating debt securities) equals or exceeds 50% of the fair market value of such interests plus its interests in real property located outside the United States plus any other assets used or held for use in a business. A “domestically controlled” RIC is any RIC in which at all times during the relevant testing period 50% or more in value of the RIC’s stock was owned by U.S. persons. This provision relating to domestically controlled regulated investment companies generally will not apply after December 31, 2011.

To claim a credit or refund for any Fund-level taxes on any undistributed long-term capital gains (as discussed above) or any taxes collected through withholding, a foreign Fund shareholder must obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number and file a federal income tax return even if the foreign Fund shareholder would not otherwise be required to obtain a U.S. taxpayer identification number or file a U.S. income tax return.

Investments in U.S. Real Property. In general, if a Fund is a “U.S. real property holding corporation,” (determined without the exception for “domestically-controlled” RICs and publicly-traded RICs) distributions by the Fund attributable to gains from “U.S. real property interests” (including gain on the sale of shares in certain “non-domestically controlled” REITs and certain capital gain dividends from REITs) will be treated as income effectively connected to a trade or business within the United States, subject generally to tax at the same rates applicable to domestic Fund shareholders and, in the case of the foreign corporate Fund shareholder, a “branch profits” tax at a rate of 30% (or other applicable lower rate). Such distributions will be subject to U.S. withholding tax and will generally give rise to an obligation on the part of the foreign stockholder to file a U.S. federal income tax return.

Even if a Fund is treated as a U.S. real property holding company, distributions on and sales of the Fund Shares will not be treated as income effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business in the case of a foreign Fund shareholder owning (for the applicable period) 5% or less (by class) of the Fund shares. In general, these provisions generally will not apply after December 31, 2011, provided, however, that such provisions will continue to apply thereafter in respect of distributions by a regulated investment company that is a U.S. real property holding corporation or would be so treated for this purpose to the extent such distributions are attributable to certain capital gain dividends from REITs.

Under recently enacted legislation, foreign stockholders that engage in certain “wash sale” and/or substitute dividend payment transactions the effect of which is to avoid the receipt of distributions from the Fund that would be treated as gain effectively connected with a United States trade or business will be treated as having received such distributions. All shareholders of the Fund should consult their tax advisers regarding the application of this recently enacted legislation.

 
34

 
 
OTHER INFORMATION
 
The Funds are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by the NYSE Arca.  The NYSE Arca makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of Shares or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities generally or in the Funds particularly or the ability of the Funds to achieve their objectives. The NYSE Arca has no obligation or liability in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the Funds.

For purposes of the 1940 Act, the Funds are registered investment companies, and the acquisition of Shares by other registered investment companies and companies relying on exemption from registration as investment companies under Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act is subject to the restrictions of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act, except as permitted by an exemptive order that permits registered investment companies to invest in the Funds beyond those limitations.
 
 
35

 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
[To be provided by amendment]

 
36

 
 
Focus Morningstar US Market Index Fund
 (a portfolio of FocusShares Trust)
STATEMENT OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES
[], 2011

ASSETS:
     
       
Cash
  $ 100,000  
         
TOTAL ASSETS
  $ 100,000  
         
Net assets
  $ 100,000  
         
Components of Net Assets:
       
Paid-in Capital
  $ 100,000  
         
Shares of beneficial interest outstanding (unlimited amount authorized, no par value)
    4,000  
         
Net asset value per share
  $ 25.00  

See accompanying notes to
financial statements.
 
F-2

 
Focus Morningstar US Market Index Fund
 (a portfolio of FocusShares Trust)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
[], 2011

 
1.
Organization

FocusShares Trust (the “Trust”), a Delaware statutory trust, was formed on July 10, 2007.  The Trust currently consists of the following fifteen (15) investment portfolios (the “Funds”): Focus Morningstar US Market Index ETF (the “Fund”), Focus Morningstar Large Cap Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Mid Cap Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Small Cap Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Basic Materials Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Communications Services Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Consumer Cyclical Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Consumer Defensive Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Energy Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Financial Services Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Health Care Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Industrials Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Real Estate Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Technology Index ETF, Focus Morningstar Utilities Index ETF.

The Trust has had limited operations to date, including matters relating to the Funds’ registration as diversified, open-end management investment companies under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”), the operation of the FocusShares ISE Homebuilders Index Fund, FocusShares ISE SINdex Fund, FocusShares ISE-CCM Homeland Security Index Fund and FocusShares ISE-Revere Wal-Mart Supplier Index Fund from November 28, 2007 to October 30, 2008; and the sale and issuance to FocusShares LLC, of 4,000 shares of beneficial interest at an aggregate purchase price of $25.00 in the Focus Morningstar US Market Index Fund (the “Fund”).  The Fund’s investment objective is to provide investment results that correspond, before fees and expenses, generally to the price and yield performance of the Morningstar US Market Index (the “Underlying Index”).

2.
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Use of Estimates:

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosures in these financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Federal Income Tax:
 
The Fund intends to qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code and to distribute substantially all of its net investment income and capital gains to its shareholders. Therefore, no federal income tax provision is required.
 
F-3

 
Focus Morningstar US Market Index Fund
 (a portfolio of FocusShares Trust)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
[], 2011

3.
Agreements

Management Agreement:

Under the terms of a Management Agreement, FocusShares, LLC (the “Advisor”) serves as the Advisor to the Funds and, subject to the supervision of the Board of Trustees, will be responsible for the day-to-day investment management of the Funds. Upon commencement of operations of the Fund, the Advisor’s management fee of 0.05% of average daily net assets are accrued daily and paid monthly by the Fund.

 Administrator, Custodian, and Transfer, Index Receipt and Dividend Disbursing Agent:

J.P. Morgan Investor Services Co. will serve as the Fund's Administrator.
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., will serve as the Fund’s custodian, transfer agent, index receipt agent and dividend disbursing agent.
 
4.
Capital

The Funds issue and redeem shares at NAV only in blocks of 50,000 Shares or whole multiples thereof. As a practical matter, only certain persons or entities known as “Authorized Participants” may purchase or redeem these Creation Units. A fixed creation Transaction Fee of $500 payable to the Custodian is imposed on each purchaser of Creation Units using the Clearing Process. The creation Transaction Fee is the same regardless of the number of Creation Units purchased by an Authorized Participant on the same day. An Authorized Participant who holds Creation Units and wishes to redeem at NAV would also pay a standard redemption Transaction Fee of $500 on the date of such redemption(s), regardless of the number of Creation Units redeemed that day.

It is expected that the Shares of a Fund will be listed for trading on NYSE Arca and will be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices.  Although it is expected that generally the market price of the Shares of each Fund will approximate the respective Fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly.  Thus, you may pay more than NAV when you buy Shares of a Fund in the secondary market, and you may receive less than NAV when you sell those Shares in the secondary market.  However, given that the Shares can be purchased and redeemed in Creation Units (unlike shares of closed-end funds, which frequently trade at appreciable discounts from, and sometimes at premiums to, their NAV), the Advisor believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of the Shares should not be sustained.
 
F-4

 
 Focus Morningstar US Market Index Fund
 (a portfolio of FocusShares Trust)
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
[], 2011

5.
Organizational Expenses

All organizational expenses of the Trust will be borne by the Advisor.

6.
Related Parties

At [], 2011, certain officers of the Trust were also employees of the Advisor.

7.
Cash

Cash at [], 2011, is on deposit at JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. in a non-interest bearing account.

8.
Subsequent Event

In preparing these financial statements, management has evaluated events and transactions for potential recognition or disclosure through the date the financial statements were available. Management has determined that there are no material events, except as set forth above, that would require disclosure in the Fund’s financial statements through this date.
 
 
F-5

 
Appendix A
 
FOCUSSHARES TRUST
 
Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures
 
1.
Policy

It is the policy of the Board of Trustees (the “Board”)  of the FocusShares Trust (the “Fund”) to delegate the responsibility for voting proxies relating to the securities held by the Fund to the investment adviser, FocusShares LLC (the “Advisor” ), subject to the Board’s continuing oversight. The Board hereby delegates such responsibility to the Advisor, and directs the Advisor to vote proxies relating to Fund portfolio securities managed by the Adviser consistent with the duties and procedures set forth below. The Advisor may retain a third party to review, monitor and recommend how to vote proxies in a manner consistent with the duties and procedures set forth below, to ensure such proxies are voted on a timely basis and to provide reporting and/or record retention services in connection with proxy voting for the Fund.

2.
Fiduciary Duty

The right to vote a proxy with respect to securities held by the Fund is an asset to the Fund. The Advisor, to which authority to vote on behalf of the Fund is delegated, acts as a fiduciary of the Fund and must vote proxies in a matter consistent with the best interest of the Fund and its shareholders. In discharging this fiduciary duty, the Advisor must maintain and adhere to its policies and procedures for addressing conflicts of interest and must vote in a manner substantially consistent with its policies, procedures and guidelines, as presented to the Board.

3.
Procedures

The following are the procedures adopted by the Board for the administration of this policy:

 
A.
Review of Advisor’s Proxy Voting Procedures. The Advisor shall present to the Board their policies, procedures and other guidelines for voting proxies at least annually, and must notify the Board promptly of material changes to any of these documents, including changes to policies and procedures addressing conflicts of interest.

 
B.
Voting Record Reporting. The Advisor shall ensure that the voting record necessary for the completion and filing of Form N-PX is provided to the Fund’s administrator at least annually. Such voting record information shall be in a form acceptable to the Fund and shall be provided at such time(s) as are required for the timely filing of Form N-PX and at such additional times(s) as the Fund and the Advisor may agree from time to time. With respect to those proxies that the Advisor has identified as involving a conflict of interest, the Advisor shall submit a report indicating the nature of the conflict of interest and how that conflict was resolved with respect to the voting of the proxy.
 
A-1

 
 
C.
Conflicts of Interest.  Any actual or potential conflicts of interest between the Advisor and the Fund's shareholders arising from the proxy voting process will be addressed by the relevant Advisor and the Advisor’s application of its proxy voting procedures pursuant to the delegation of proxy voting responsibilities to the Advisor. In the event that the Advisor notifies the Chief Compliance Officer of the Fund (the “CCO”) that a conflict of interest cannot be resolved under the Advisor’s Proxy Voting Procedures, and the CCO is responsible for notifying the Chairman of the Board of the Fund of the irreconcilable conflict of interest and assisting the Chairman with any actions he determines are necessary.

As it is used in this document, the term "conflict of interest" refers to a situation in which the Advisor or an affiliated person of the advisor has a financial interest in a matter presented by a proxy other than the obligation they incur as Advisor to the Fund which could potentially compromise the Advisor’s independence of judgment and action with respect to the voting of the proxy.

4.
Revocation

The delegation by the Board of the authority to vote proxies relating to securities of the Fund is entirely voluntary and may be revoked by the Board, in whole or in part, at any time.

5.
Disclosure of Policy or Description/Proxy Voting Record

A. The Fund will disclose this proxy voting policy or a description of it (and the adviser’s proxy voting policy or a description of it), in the Fund’s Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”).  The Fund also will disclose in its SAI that information is available about how the Fund voted proxies during the most recent twelve-month period ended June 30 without charge, upon request, (i) either by calling a specified toll-free telephone number, or on the Fund’s website at a specified address, or both, and (ii) on the Commission’s website.  Upon any request for a proxy voting record by telephone, the Fund will send the policy or the description (or a copy of the SAI containing the policy or description) by first-class mail or other prompt delivery method within three business days of receipt of the request.

B. The Fund will disclose in its annual and semi-annual shareholder reports that this proxy voting policy or a description of it (and the adviser’s proxy voting policy or a description) is available without charge, upon request, (i) by calling a specified toll-free telephone number, (ii) on the Fund’s website, if applicable, and (iii) on the Commission’s website.  Upon any request for a proxy voting policy or description of it, the Fund will send the policy or the description (or a copy of the SAI containing the policy or description) by first-class mail or other prompt delivery method within three business days of receipt of the request.
 
A-2

 
C.The Fund also will disclose in its annual and semi-annual shareholder reports that information is available about how the Fund voted proxies during the most recent twelve-month period ended June 30 without charge, upon request, (i) either by calling a specified toll-free telephone number, or on or through the Fund’s website at a specified address, or both, and (ii) on the Commission’s website.  Upon any request for a proxy voting record by telephone, the Fund will send the information disclosed in the Fund’s most recently filed report on Form N-PX by first-class mail or other prompt delivery method within three business days of receipt of the request.
 
D.           The Fund will file Form N-PX containing its proxy voting record for the most recent twelve-month period ended June 30 with the SEC, and will provide a copy of the report (in paper form, online, or by reference to the SEC’s website) to shareholders who request it.
 
E.           The Fund will disclose its proxy voting record for the most recent twelve-month period ended June 30 (on Form N-PX or otherwise) to shareholders either in paper form upon request, or on its website.
 
F.           Related Procedures

The Fund currently satisfies the disclosure obligation set forth in Section E above by:

 
·
describing the proxy voting policy in the Fund’s SAI and disclosing in the Fund’s SAI that the information is available about how the Fund voted proxies during the most recent twelve-month period ended June 30 without charge, upon request by calling a specified toll-free telephone number and on the Commission’s website;

 
·
disclosing in its annual and semi-annual shareholder reports that this proxy voting policy (and the adviser’s proxy voting policy or a description) is available without charge, upon request  by calling a specified toll-free telephone number and on the Commission’s website;
 
 
·
disclosing in its annual and semi-annual shareholder reports that information is available about how the Fund voted proxies during the most recent twelve-month period ended June 30 without charge, upon request, by calling a specified toll-free telephone number and on the Commission’s website; and

 
·
providing any shareholder, upon request, a paper form of the most recently filed report on Form N-PX by first-class mail or other prompt delivery method within three business days of receipt of the request.
 
G.  Review of Policy

The Board shall review from time to time this policy to determine its sufficiency and shall make and approve any changes that it deems necessary from time to time.

Adopted February ___, 2011
 
 
A-3

 
FOCUSSHARES LLC
PROXY VOTING POLICY

INTRODUCTION

An investment adviser generally has the authority to vote proxies relating to such securities on behalf of its clients.  Pursuant to Rule 206(4)-6 under the Advisers Act, registered investment advisers that exercise voting authority over securities held in client portfolios are required to adopt and implement proxy voting policies and procedures and describe those policies to their clients.  The policies and procedures must be reasonably designed to ensure that the investment adviser votes client securities in a manner consistent with the best interests of such client, and such policies and procedures must address how the investment adviser will manage any conflicts of interest that might otherwise affect its proxy voting decisions.

POLICIES

The Board of Trustees of FocusShares Trust (the “Fund”) has delegated authority to FocusShares LLC (the “Adviser”) to vote all proxies relating to the securities held in the Fund’s porfolios in the best interest of Fund and its shareholders.  The Adviser has in turn engaged an independent third party (the “Proxy Voting Service Provider”) to review, monitor and recommend how to vote proxies, to ensure that such proxies are voted on a timely basis and to provide reporting and/or record retention services in connection with proxy voting for the Fund.
   
PROCEDURES

The Adviser’s Chief Compliance Officer (the “Compliance Officer”) or designee has primary responsibility for oversight of the Proxy Voting Service Provider that provides proxy voting services on behalf of the Fund. To ensure the Fund’s proxy voting policy is implemented properly, the Adviser has adopted the following procedures:

 
· 
The Compliance Officer shall ensure that the Adviser presents its policies, procedures and other guidelines for voting proxies (including the voting guidelines of the Proxy Voting Service Provider) to the Board of Trustees of the Fund (the “Board”) at least annually, and must notify the Board promptly of material changes to such policies, procedures and guidelines.
 
· 
The Compliance Officer shall review the policies and voting guidelines adopted by the Proxy Voting Service Provider annually to confirm that they continue to reflect the best interest of the Fund and its shareholders.
 
· 
The Compliance Officer shall conduct periodic due diligence reviews of the Proxy Voting Service Provider and the record of voting proxies on behalf of the Fund and shall report the findings, including, without limitation, compliance by the Proxy Voting Service Provider with its voting guidelines when voting proxies on behalf of the Fund, to the Fund’s Chief Compliance Officer (“Fund CCO”).
 
A-4

 
·
The Compliance Officer shall ensure that the voting records necessary for the completion and filing of Form N-PX is available for review by the Adviser on reasonable notice and is provided to the Fund’s administrator at least annually. Such voting record information shall be in a form acceptable to the Fund and shall be provided at such time(s) as are required for the timely filing of Form N-PX and at such additional times(s) as the Fund and the Adviser may agree from time to time.
 
· 
In the event that a conflict of interest arises with respect to a proxy voting matter involving the Fund, the Compliance Officer shall inform the Fund CCO of the conflict and shall work with the Fund CCO to determine the proper resolution of the matter in accordance with the provisions regarding conflicts of interest found in the Fund’s Proxy Voting Policies. Generally when there are proxy voting proposals that give rise to conflicts of interest, the proxy shall be voted consistent with the recommendations of the Proxy Voting Service Provider provided that the Adviser believes that such vote is in the best interests of the Fund and its shareholders.
 
· 
The Compliance Officer will provide a summary of these policies and procedures in its Form ADV, Part 2 to be furnished to the Fund’s Board of Trustees. The Compliance Officer will provide a copy of these policies and procedures to a client upon request and will inform a client how they can obtain further proxy voting information.

Adopted:  February 2011
 
A-5

   
Contents
I. A Board of Directors That Serves the Interests of Shareholders
A-8
Election of Directors
A-8
Independence
A-8
Voting Recommendations - Board Independence
A-10
Committee Independence
A-10
Independent Chairman
A-10
Performance
A-11
Voting Recommendations - Performance
A-11
Audit Committees and Performance
A-12
Standards for Assessing the Audit Committee
A-12
Compensation Committee Performance
A-15
Nominating and Governance Committee Performance
A-17
Board-level Risk Management Oversight
A-19
Experience
A-19
Voting Recommendations - Director Experience
A-19
Other Considerations
A-20
Conflicts of Interest
A-20
Size of the Board of Directors
A-21
Controlled Companies
A-21
Independence Exceptions
A-21
Size of the Board of Directors
A-22
Audit Committee Independence
A-22
Mutual Fund Boards
A-22
Declassified Boards
A-23
Mandatory Director Retirement Provisions
A-24
Director Term and Age Limits
A-24
Requiring Two or More Nominees per Board Seat
A-25
Shareholder Access
A-25
Majority Vote for the Election of Directors
A-25
The plurality vote standard
A-26
Advantages of a majority vote standard
A-26
II. Transparency and Integrity of Financial Reporting
A-27
Auditor Ratification
A-27
Voting Recommendations on Auditor Ratification
A-27
Pension Accounting Issues
A-28
III. The Link Between Compensation and Performance
A-29
Full Disclosure of Executive Compensation
A-29
Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation (“Say-on-Pay”)
A-29
Limits on Executive Compensation
A-30
Limits on Executive Stock Options
A-30
Equity-Based Compensation Plans
A-31
 
A-6

   
Option Exchanges
A-32
Performance-Based Options
A-32
Option Backdating, Spring-Loading, and Bullet-Dodging
A-33
162(m) Plans
A-33
Director Compensation Plans
A-34
IV. Governance Structure and the Shareholder Franchise
A-35
Anti-Takeover Measures
A-35
Poison Pills (Shareholder Rights Plans)
A-35
NOL Poison Pills
A-35
Fair Price Provisions
A-36
Reincorporation
A-36
Authorized Shares
A-37
Advance Notice Requirements for Shareholder Ballot Proposals
A-38
Voting Structure
A-38
Cumulative Voting
A-38
Supermajority Vote Requirements
A-39
Transaction of Other Business
A-39
Anti-Greenmail Proposals
A-39
Mutual Funds: Investment Policies and Advisory Agreements
A-39
V. Environmental, Social and Governance Shareholder Initiatives
A-41
Governance
A-41
Right of Shareholders to Call a Special Meeting
A-41
Right of Shareholders to Act by Written Consent
A-42
Board Composition
A-42
Compensation
A-43
Severance Agreements
A-43
Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation (“Say-on-Pay”)
A-43
Bonus Recoupments (“Clawbacks”)
A-44
Linking Executive Pay to Social Criteria
A-45
Environment
A-45
Climate Change, Green House Gas Emission Disclosure Proposals
A-45
Sustainability
A-46
Sustainable Forestry
A-46
Social Issues
A-47
Non-Discrimination Policies
A-47
MacBride Principles
A-47
Human Rights
A-48
Military and US Government Business Policies
A-48
Foreign Government Business Policies
A-48
Health Care Reform Principles
A-49
Tobacco
A-49
Reporting Contributions and Political Spending
A-49
Animal Welfare
A-50

 
A-7

 
 
I. A Board of Directors That
Serves the Interests of Shareholders
 
ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
 
The purpose of Glass Lewis’ proxy research and advice is to facilitate shareholder voting in favor of governance structures that will drive performance, create shareholder value and maintain a proper tone at the top. Glass Lewis looks for talented boards with a record of protecting shareholders and delivering value over the medium- and long-term. We believe that boards working to protect and enhance the best interests of shareholders are independent, have directors with diverse backgrounds, have a record of positive performance, and have members with a breadth and depth of relevant experience.

Independence

The independence of directors, or lack thereof, is ultimately demonstrated through the decisions they make. In assessing the independence of directors, we will take into consideration, when appropriate, whether a director has a track record indicative of making objective decisions. Likewise, when assessing the independence of directors we will also examine when a director’s service track record on multiple boards indicates a lack of objective decision-making. Ultimately, we believe the determination of whether a director is independent or not must take into consideration both compliance with the applicable independence listing requirements as well as judgments made by the director.

We look at each director nominee to examine the director’s relationships with the company, the company’s executives, and other directors. We do this to evaluate whether personal, familial, or financial relationships (not including director compensation) may impact the director’s decisions. We believe that such relationships make it difficult for a director to put shareholders’ interests above the director’s or the related party’s interests. We also believe that a director who owns more than 20% of a company can exert disproportionate influence on the board and, in particular, the audit committee.

Thus, we put directors into three categories based on an examination of the type of relationship they have with the company:

Independent Director – An independent director has no material financial, familial or other current relationships with the company, its executives, or other board members, except for board service and standard fees paid for that service. Relationships that existed within three to five years1 before the inquiry are usually considered “current” for purposes of this test.

In our view, a director who is currently serving in an interim management position should be considered an insider, while a director who previously served in an interim management position for less than one year and is no longer serving in such capacity is considered independent. Moreover, a director who previously served in an interim management position for over one year and is no longer serving in such capacity is considered an affiliate for five years following the date of his/her resignation or departure from the interim management position. Glass Lewis applies a three-year look back period to all directors who have an affiliation with the company other than former employment, for which we apply a five-year look back.
 

1  NASDAQ originally proposed a five-year look-back period but both it and the NYSE ultimately settled on a three-year look-back prior to finalizing their rules. A five-year standard is more appropriate, in our view, because we believe that the unwinding of conflicting relationships between former management and board members is more likely to be complete and final after five years. However, Glass Lewis does not apply the five-year look back period to directors who have previously served as executives of the company on an interim basis for less than one year.

 
A-8

 
 
Affiliated Director – An affiliated director has a material financial, familial or other relationship with the company or its executives, but is not an employee of the company.2 This includes directors whose employers have a material financial relationship with the company.3 In addition, we view a director who owns or controls 20% or more of the company’s voting stock as an affiliate.

We view 20% shareholders as affiliates because they typically have access to and involvement with the management of a company that is fundamentally different from that of ordinary shareholders. More importantly, 20% holders may have interests that diverge from those of ordinary holders, for reasons such as the liquidity (or lack thereof) of their holdings, personal tax issues, etc.

Inside Director – An inside director simultaneously serves as a director and as an employee of the company. This category may include a chairman of the board who acts as an employee of the company or is paid as an employee of the company. In our view, an inside director who derives a greater amount of income as a result of affiliated transactions with the company rather than through compensation paid by the company (i.e., salary, bonus, etc. as a company employee) faces a conflict between making decisions that are in the best interests of the company versus those in the director’s own best interests. Therefore, we will recommend voting against such a director.

Definition of “Material”: A material relationship is one in which the dollar value exceeds: (i) $50,000 (or where no amount is disclosed) for directors who are paid for a service they have agreed to perform for the company, outside of their service as a director, including professional or other services; or (ii) $120,000 (or where no amount is disclosed) for those directors employed by a professional services firm such as a law firm, investment bank, or consulting firm where the company pays the firm, not the individual, for services. This dollar limit would also apply to charitable contributions to schools where a board member is a professor; or charities where a director serves on the board or is an executive;4 and any aircraft and real estate dealings between the company and the director’s firm; or (iii) 1% of either company’s consolidated gross revenue for other business relationships (e.g., where the director is an executive officer of a company that provides services or products to or receives services or products from the company).

Definition of “Familial”: Familial relationships include a person’s spouse, parents, children, siblings, grandparents, uncles, aunts, cousins, nieces, nephews, in-laws, and anyone (other than domestic employees) who shares such person’s home. A director is an affiliate if the director has a family member who is employed by the company and who receives compensation of $120,000 or more per year or the compensation is not disclosed.

Definition of “Company”: A company includes any parent or subsidiary in a group with the company or any entity that merged with, was acquired by, or acquired the company.
 

2  If a company classifies one of its non-employee directors as non-independent, Glass Lewis will classify that director as an affiliate.
3  We allow a five-year grace period for former executives of the company or merged companies who have consulting agreements with the surviving company. (We do not automatically recommend voting against directors in such cases for the first five years.) If the consulting agreement persists after this five-year grace period, we apply the materiality thresholds outlined in the definition of “material.”
4 We will generally take into consideration the size and nature of such charitable entities in relation to the company’s size and industry along with any other relevant factors such as the director’s role at the charity.

 
A-9

 
 
Voting Recommendations on the Basis of Board Independence

Glass Lewis believes a board will be most effective in protecting shareholders’ interests if it is at least two-thirds independent. We note that each of the Business Roundtable, the Conference Board, and the Council of Institutional Investors advocates that two-thirds of the board be independent. Where more than one-third of the members are affiliated or inside directors, we typically5 recommend voting against some of the inside and/or affiliated directors in order to satisfy the two-thirds threshold.6

In the case of a less than two-thirds independent board, Glass Lewis strongly supports the existence of a presiding or lead director with authority to set the meeting agendas and to lead sessions outside the insider chairman’s presence.

In addition, we scrutinize avowedly “independent” chairmen and lead directors. We believe that they should be unquestionably independent or the company should not tout them as such.

Committee Independence

We believe that only independent directors should serve on a company’s audit, compensation, nominating, and governance committees.7 We typically recommend that shareholders vote against any affiliated or inside director seeking appointment to an audit, compensation, nominating, or governance committee, or who has served in that capacity in the past year.

Independent Chairman

Glass Lewis believes that separating the roles of CEO (or, more rarely, another executive position) and chairman creates a better governance structure than a combined CEO/chairman position. An executive manages the business according to a course the board charts. Executives should report to the board regarding their performance in achieving goals the board set. This is needlessly complicated when a CEO chairs the board, since a CEO/chairman presumably will have a significant influence over the board.

It can become difficult for a board to fulfill its role of overseer and policy setter when a CEO/chairman controls the agenda and the boardroom discussion. Such control can allow a CEO to have an entrenched position, leading to longer-than-optimal terms, fewer checks on management, less scrutiny of the business operation, and limitations on independent, shareholder-focused goal-setting by the board.

A CEO should set the strategic course for the company, with the board’s approval, and the board should enable the CEO to carry out the CEO’s vision for accomplishing the board’s objectives. Failure to achieve the board’s objectives should lead the board to replace that CEO with someone in whom the board has confidence.


5  With a staggered board, if the affiliates or insiders that we believe should not be on the board are not up for election, we will express our concern regarding those directors, but we will not recommend voting against the affiliates or insiders who are up for election just to achieve two-thirds independence.
6  Where a director serves on a board as a representative (as part of his or her basic responsibilities) of an investment firm with greater than 20% ownership, we will generally consider him/her to be affiliated but will not recommend voting against unless (i) the investment firm has disproportionate board representation or (ii) the director serves on the audit committee.
7  We will recommend voting against an audit committee member who owns 20% or more of the company’s stock, and we believe that there should be a maximum of one director (or no directors if the committee is comprised of less than three directors) who owns 20% or more of the company’s stock on the compensation, nominating, and governance committees.

 
A-10

 
 
Likewise, an independent chairman can better oversee executives and set a pro-shareholder agenda without the management conflicts that a CEO and other executive insiders often face. Such oversight and concern for shareholders allows for a more proactive and effective board of directors that is better able to look out for the interests of shareholders.

Further, it is the board’s responsibility to select a chief executive who can best serve a company and its shareholders and to replace this person when his or her duties have not been appropriately fulfilled. Such a replacement becomes more difficult and happens less frequently when the chief executive is also in the position of overseeing the board.

We recognize that empirical evidence regarding the separation of these two roles remains inconclusive. However, Glass Lewis believes that the installation of an independent chairman is almost always a positive step from a corporate governance perspective and promotes the best interests of shareholders. Further, the presence of an independent chairman fosters the creation of a thoughtful and dynamic board, not dominated by the views of senior management.

We do not recommend that shareholders vote against CEOs who chair the board. However, we typically encourage our clients to support separating the roles of chairman and CEO whenever that question is posed in a proxy (typically in the form of a shareholder proposal), as we believe that it is in the long-term best interests of the company and its shareholders.

Performance

The most crucial test of a board’s commitment to the company and its shareholders lies in the actions of the board and its members. We look at the performance of these individuals as directors and executives of the company and of other companies where they have served.

Voting Recommendations on the Basis of Performance

We disfavor directors who have a record of not fulfilling their responsibilities to shareholders at any company where they have held a board or executive position. We typically recommend voting against:

1. A director who fails to attend a minimum of 75% of the board meetings or 75% of the total of applicable committee meetings and board meetings.8

2. A director who belatedly filed a significant form(s) 4 or 5, or who has a pattern of late filings if the late filing was the director’s fault (we look at these late filing situations on a case-by-case basis).

3. A director who is also the CEO of a company where a serious and material restatement has occurred after the CEO had previously certified the pre-restatement financial statements.

4. A director who has received two against recommendations from Glass Lewis for identical reasons within the prior year at different companies (the same situation must also apply at the company being analyzed).

5. All directors who served on the board if, for the last three years, the company’s performance has been in the bottom quartile of the sector and the directors have not taken reasonable steps to address the poor performance.


8  However, where a director has served for less than one full year, we will typically not recommend voting against for failure to attend 75% of meetings. Rather, we will note the poor attendance with a recommendation to track this issue going forward. We will also refrain from recommending to vote against directors when the proxy discloses that the director missed the meetings due to serious illness or other extenuating circumstances.

 
A-11

 
 
Audit Committees and Performance

Audit committees play an integral role in overseeing the financial reporting process because “[v]ibrant and stable capital markets depend on, among other things, reliable, transparent, and objective financial information to support an efficient and effective capital market process. The vital oversight role audit committees play in the process of producing financial information has never been more important.”9

When assessing an audit committee’s performance, we are aware that an audit committee does not prepare financial statements, is not responsible for making the key judgments and assumptions that affect the financial statements, and does not audit the numbers or the disclosures provided to investors. Rather, an audit committee member monitors and oversees the process and procedures that management and auditors perform. The 1999 Report and Recommendations of the Blue Ribbon Committee on Improving the Effectiveness of Corporate Audit Committees stated it best:

A proper and well-functioning system exists, therefore, when the three main groups responsible for financial reporting – the full board including the audit committee, financial management including the internal auditors, and the outside auditors – form a ‘three legged stool’ that supports responsible financial disclosure and active participatory oversight. However, in the view of the Committee, the audit committee must be ‘first among equals’ in this process, since the audit committee is an extension of the full board and hence the ultimate monitor of the process.

Standards for Assessing the Audit Committee

For an audit committee to function effectively on investors’ behalf, it must include members with sufficient knowledge to diligently carry out their responsibilities. In its audit and accounting recommendations, the Conference Board Commission on Public Trust and Private Enterprise said “members of the audit committee must be independent and have both knowledge and experience in auditing financial matters.”10

We are skeptical of audit committees where there are members that lack expertise as a Certified Public Accountant (CPA), Chief Financial Officer (CFO) or corporate controller or similar experience. While we will not necessarily vote against members of an audit committee when such expertise is lacking, we are more likely to vote against committee members when a problem such as a restatement occurs and such expertise is lacking.

Glass Lewis generally assesses audit committees against the decisions they make with respect to their oversight and monitoring role. The quality and integrity of the financial statements and earnings reports, the completeness of disclosures necessary for investors to make informed decisions, and the effectiveness of the internal controls should provide reasonable assurance that the financial statements are materially free from errors. The independence of the external auditors and the results of their work all provide useful information by which to assess the audit committee.
 

9  Audit Committee Effectiveness – What Works Best.” PricewaterhouseCoopers. The Institute of Internal Auditors Research Foundation. 2005.
10  Commission on Public Trust and Private Enterprise. The Conference Board. 2003.

 
A-12

 
 
When assessing the decisions and actions of the audit committee, we typically defer to its judgment and would vote in favor of its members, but we would recommend voting against the following members under the following circumstances:11

1. All members of the audit committee when options were backdated, there is a lack of adequate controls in place, there was a resulting restatement, and disclosures indicate there was a lack of documentation with respect to the option grants.

2. The audit committee chair, if the audit committee does not have a financial expert or the committee’s financial expert does not have a demonstrable financial background sufficient to understand the financial issues unique to public companies.

3. The audit committee chair, if the audit committee did not meet at least 4 times during the year.

4. The audit committee chair, if the committee has less than three members.

5. Any audit committee member who sits on more than three public company audit committees, unless the audit committee member is a retired CPA, CFO, controller or has similar experience, in which case the limit shall be four committees, taking time and availability into consideration including a review of the audit committee member’s attendance at all board and committee meetings.

6. All members of an audit committee who are up for election and who served on the committee at the time of the audit, if audit and audit-related fees total one-third or less of the total fees billed by the auditor.

7. The audit committee chair when tax and/or other fees are greater than audit and audit-related fees paid to the auditor for more than one year in a row (in which case we also recommend against ratification of the auditor).

8. All members of an audit committee where non-audit fees include fees for tax services (including, but not limited to, such things as tax avoidance or shelter schemes) for senior executives of the company. Such services are now prohibited by the PCAOB.

9. All members of an audit committee that reappointed an auditor that we no longer consider to be independent for reasons unrelated to fee proportions.

10. All members of an audit committee when audit fees are excessively low, especially when compared with other companies in the same industry.

11. The audit committee chair12 if the committee failed to put auditor ratification on the ballot for shareholder approval. However, if the non-audit fees or tax fees exceed audit plus audit-related fees in either the current or the prior year, then Glass Lewis will recommend voting against the entire audit committee.
 

11  Where the recommendation is to vote against the committee chair but the chair is not up for election because the board is staggered, we do not recommend voting against the members of the committee who are up for election; rather, we will simply express our concern with regard to the committee chair.
12  In all cases, if the chair of the committee is not specified, we recommend voting against the director who has been on the committee the longest.

 
A-13

 
 
12. All members of an audit committee where the auditor has resigned and reported that a section 10A13 letter has been issued.

13. All members of an audit committee at a time when material accounting fraud occurred at the company.

14. All members of an audit committee at a time when annual and/or multiple quarterly financial statements had to be restated, and any of the following factors apply:

• The restatement involves fraud or manipulation by insiders;

• The restatement is accompanied by an SEC inquiry or investigation;

• The restatement involves revenue recognition;

• The restatement results in a greater than 5% adjustment to costs of goods sold, operating expense, or operating cash flows; or

• The restatement results in a greater than 5% adjustment to net income, 10% adjustment to assets or shareholders equity, or cash flows from financing or investing activities.

15. All members of an audit committee if the company repeatedly fails to file its financial reports in a timely fashion. For example, the company has filed two or more quarterly or annual financial statements late within the last 5 quarters.

16. All members of an audit committee when it has been disclosed that a law enforcement agency has charged the company and/or its employees with a violation of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA).

17. All members of an audit committee when the company has aggressive accounting policies and/or poor disclosure or lack of sufficient transparency in its financial statements.

18. All members of the audit committee when there is a disagreement with the auditor and the auditor resigns or is dismissed.

19. All members of the audit committee if the contract with the auditor specifically limits the auditor’s liability to the company for damages.14

20. All members of the audit committee who served since the date of the company’s last annual meeting, and when, since the last annual meeting, the company has reported a material weakness that has not yet been corrected, or, when the company has an ongoing material weakness from a prior year that has not yet been corrected.

We also take a dim view of audit committee reports that are boilerplate, and which provide little or no information or transparency to investors. When a problem such as a material weakness, restatement or late filings occurs, we take into consideration, in forming our judgment with respect to the audit committee, the transparency of the audit committee report.

13  Auditors are required to report all potential illegal acts to management and the audit committee unless they are clearly inconsequential in nature. If the audit committee or the board fails to take appropriate action on an act that has been determined to be a violation of the law, the independent auditor is required to send a section 10A letter to the SEC. Such letters are rare and therefore we believe should be taken seriously.
14  The Council of Institutional Investors. “Corporate Governance Policies,” p. 4, April 5, 2006; and “Letter from Council of Institutional Investors to the AICPA,” November 8, 2006.

 
A-14

 
Compensation Committee Performance
 
Compensation committees have the final say in determining the compensation of executives. This includes deciding the basis on which compensation is determined, as well as the amounts and types of compensation to be paid. This process begins with the hiring and initial establishment of employment agreements, including the terms for such items as pay, pensions and severance arrangements. It is important in establishing compensation arrangements that compensation be consistent with, and based on the long-term economic performance of, the business’s long-term shareholders returns.

Compensation committees are also responsible for the oversight of the transparency of compensation. This oversight includes disclosure of compensation arrangements, the matrix used in assessing pay for performance, and the use of compensation consultants. In order to ensure the independence of the compensation consultant, we believe the compensation committee should only engage a compensation consultant that is not also providing any services to the company or management apart from their contract with the compensation committee. It is important to investors that they have clear and complete disclosure of all the significant terms of compensation arrangements in order to make informed decisions with respect to the oversight and decisions of the compensation committee.

Finally, compensation committees are responsible for oversight of internal controls over the executive compensation process. This includes controls over gathering information used to determine compensation, establishment of equity award plans, and granting of equity awards. Lax controls can and have contributed to conflicting information being obtained, for example through the use of nonobjective consultants. Lax controls can also contribute to improper awards of compensation such as through granting of backdated or spring-loaded options, or granting of bonuses when triggers for bonus payments have not been met.

Central to understanding the actions of a compensation committee is a careful review of the Compensation Discussion and Analysis (CD&A) report included in each company’s proxy. We review the CD&A in our evaluation of the overall compensation practices of a company, as overseen by the compensation committee. The CD&A is also integral to the evaluation of compensation proposals at companies, such as management-submitted advisory compensation vote proposals, which allow shareholders to vote on the compensation paid to a company’s top executives.

In our evaluation of the CD&A, we examine, among other factors, the following:

1. The extent to which the company uses appropriate performance goals and metrics in determining overall compensation as an indication that pay is tied to performance.

2. How clearly the company discloses performance metrics and goals so that shareholders may make an independent determination that goals were met.

3. The extent to which the performance metrics, targets and goals are implemented to enhance company performance and encourage prudent risk-taking.

4. The selected peer group(s) so that shareholders can make a comparison of pay and performance across the appropriate peer group.

5. The extent to which the company benchmarks compensation levels at a specific percentile of its peer group along with the rationale for selecting such a benchmark.

6. The amount of discretion granted management or the compensation committee to deviate from defined performance metrics and goals in making awards, as well as the appropriateness of the use of such discretion.

 
A-15

 
 
We provide an overall evaluation of the quality and content of a company’s executive compensation policies and procedures as disclosed in a CD&A as either good, fair or poor.

We evaluate compensation committee members on the basis of their performance while serving on the compensation committee in question, not for actions taken solely by prior committee members who are not currently serving on the committee. At companies that provide shareholders with non-binding advisory votes on executive compensation (“Say-on-Pay”), we will use the Say-on-Pay proposal as the initial, primary means to express dissatisfaction with the company’s compensation polices and practices rather than recommending voting against members of the compensation committee (except in the most egregious cases).

When assessing the performance of compensation committees, we will recommend voting against for the following:15

1. All members of the compensation committee who are up for election and served at the time of poor pay-for-performance (e.g., a company receives an F grade in our pay-for-performance analysis) when shareholders are not provided with an advisory vote on executive compensation.16

2. Any member of the compensation committee who has served on the compensation committee of at least two other public companies that received F grades in our pay-for-performance model and who is also suspect at the company in question.

3. The compensation committee chair if the company received two D grades in consecutive years in our pay-for-performance analysis, and if during the past year the Company performed the same as or worse than its peers.17

4. All members of the compensation committee (during the relevant time period) if the company entered into excessive employment agreements and/or severance agreements.

5. All members of the compensation committee when performance goals were changed (i.e., lowered) when employees failed or were unlikely to meet original goals, or performance-based compensation was paid despite goals not being attained.

6. All members of the compensation committee if excessive employee perquisites and benefits were allowed.
 

15  Where the recommendation is to vote against the committee chair and the chair is not up for election because the board is staggered, we do not recommend voting against any members of the committee who are up for election; rather, we will simply express our concern with regard to the committee chair.
16  Where there are multiple CEOs in one year, we will consider not recommending against the compensation committee but will defer judgment on compensation policies and practices until the next year or a full year after arrival of the new CEO. In addition, if a company provides shareholders with a Say-on-Pay proposal and receives an F grade in our pay-for-performance model, we will recommend that shareholders only vote against the Say-on-Pay proposal rather than the members of the compensation committee, unless the company exhibits egregious practices. However, if the company receives successive F grades, we will then recommend against the members of the compensation committee in addition to recommending voting against the Say-on-Pay proposal.
17  In cases where the company received two D grades in consecutive years, but during the past year the company performed better than its peers or improved from a D to an F grade year over year, we refrain from recommending to vote against the compensation chair. In addition, if a company provides shareholders with a Say-on-Pay proposal in this instance, we will consider voting against the advisory vote rather than the compensation committee chair unless the company exhibits unquestionably egregious practices.

 
A-16

 
 
7. The compensation committee chair if the compensation committee did not meet during the year, but should have (e.g., because executive compensation was restructured or a new executive was hired).

8. All members of the compensation committee when the company repriced options within the past two years and we would not have supported the repricing (e.g., officers and directors were allowed to participate).

9. All members of the compensation committee when vesting of in-the-money options is accelerated or when fully vested options are granted.

10. All members of the compensation committee when option exercise prices were backdated. Glass Lewis will recommend voting against an executive director who played a role in and participated in option backdating.

11. All members of the compensation committee when option exercise prices were spring-loaded or otherwise timed around the release of material information.

12. All members of the compensation committee when a new employment contract is given to an executive that does not include a clawback provision and the company had a material restatement, especially if the restatement was due to fraud.

13. The chair of the compensation committee where the CD&A provides insufficient or unclear information about performance metrics and goals, where the CD&A indicates that pay is not tied to performance, or where the compensation committee or management has excessive discretion to alter performance terms or increase amounts of awards in contravention of previously defined targets.

14. All members of the compensation committee during whose tenure the committee failed to implement a shareholder proposal regarding a compensation-related issue, where the proposal received the affirmative vote of a majority of the voting shares at a shareholder meeting, and when a reasonable analysis suggests that the compensation committee (rather than the governance committee) should have taken steps to implement the request.18

Nominating and Governance Committee Performance

The nominating and governance committee, as an agency for the shareholders, is responsible for the governance by the board of the company and its executives. In performing this role, the board is responsible and accountable for selection of objective and competent board members. It is also responsible for providing leadership on governance policies adopted by the company, such as decisions to implement shareholder proposals that have received a majority vote.

Regarding the nominating and or governance committee, we will recommend voting against the following:19
 

18  In all other instances (i.e. a non-compensation-related shareholder proposal should have been implemented) we recommend that shareholders vote against the members of the governance committee.
19  Where we would recommend to vote against the committee chair but the chair is not up for election because the board is staggered, we do not recommend voting against any members of the committee who are up for election; rather, we will simply express our concern regarding the committee chair.

 
A-17

 

1. All members of the governance committee20 during whose tenure the board failed to implement a shareholder proposal with a direct and substantial impact on shareholders and their rights - i.e., where the proposal received enough shareholder votes (at least a majority) to allow the board to implement or begin to implement that proposal.21 Examples of these types of shareholder proposals are majority vote to elect directors and to declassify the board.

2. The governance committee chair,22 when the chairman is not independent and an independent lead or presiding director has not been appointed.23 We note that each of the Business Roundtable, The Conference Board, and the Council of Institutional Investors advocates that two-thirds of the board be independent.

3. In the absence of a nominating committee, the governance committee chair when there are less than five or the whole nominating committee when there are more than 20 members on the board.

4. The governance committee chair, when the committee fails to meet at all during the year.

5. The governance committee chair, when for two consecutive years the company provides what we consider to be “inadequate” related party transaction disclosure (i.e. the nature of such transactions and/or the monetary amounts involved are unclear or excessively vague, thereby preventing an average shareholder from being able to reasonably interpret the independence status of multiple directors above and beyond what the company maintains is compliant with SEC or applicable stock-exchange listing requirements).

Regarding the nominating committee, we will recommend voting against the following:24

1. All members of the nominating committee, when the committee nominated or renominated an individual who had a significant conflict of interest or whose past actions demonstrated a lack of integrity or inability to represent shareholder interests.

2. The nominating committee chair, if the nominating committee did not meet during the year, but should have (i.e., because new directors were nominated or appointed since the time of the last annual meeting).

3. In the absence of a governance committee, the nominating committee chair25 when the chairman is not independent, and an independent lead or presiding director has not been appointed.26


20  If the board does not have a governance committee (or a committee that serves such a purpose), we recommend voting against the entire board on this basis.
21  Where a compensation-related shareholder proposal should have been implemented, and when a reasonable analysis suggests that the members of the compensation committee (rather than the governance committee) bear the responsibility for failing to implement the request, we recommend that shareholders only vote against members of the compensation committee.
22  If the committee chair is not specified, we recommend voting against the director who has been on the committee the longest. If the longest-serving committee member cannot be determined, we will recommend voting against the longest-serving board member serving on the committee.
23  We believe that one independent individual should be appointed to serve as the lead or presiding director. When such a position is rotated among directors from meeting to meeting, we will recommend voting against as if there were no lead or presiding director.
24  Where we would recommend is to vote against the committee chair but the chair is not up for election because the board is staggered, we do not recommend voting against any members of the committee who are up for election; rather, we will simply express our concern regarding the committee chair.
25  If the committee chair is not specified, we will recommend voting against the director who has been on the committee the longest. If the longest-serving committee member cannot be determined, we will recommend voting against the longest-serving board member on the committee.
26  In the absence of both a governance and a nominating committee, we will recommend voting against the chairman of the board on this basis.

 
A-18

 
 
4. The nominating committee chair, when there are less than five or the whole nominating committee when there are more than 20 members on the board.27

5. The nominating committee chair, when a director received a greater than 50% against vote the prior year and not only was the director not removed, but the issues that raised shareholder concern were not corrected.28

Board-level Risk Management Oversight

Glass Lewis evaluates the risk management function of a public company board on a strictly case-by-case basis. Sound risk management, while necessary at all companies, is particularly important at financial firms which inherently maintain significant exposure to financial risk. We believe such financial firms should have a chief risk officer reporting directly to the board and a dedicated risk committee or a committee of the board charged with risk oversight. Moreover, many non-financial firms maintain strategies which involve a high level of exposure to financial risk. Similarly, since many non-financial firm have significant hedging or trading strategies, including financial and non-financial derivatives, those firms should also have a chief risk officer and a risk committee.

When analyzing the risk management practices of public companies, we take note of any significant losses or writedowns on financial assets and/or structured transactions. In cases where a company has disclosed a sizable loss or writedown, and where we find that the company’s board-level risk committee contributed to the loss through poor oversight, we would recommend that shareholders vote against such committee members on that basis. In addition, in cases where a company maintains a significant level of financial risk exposure but fails to disclose any explicit form of board-level risk oversight (committee or otherwise)29, we will consider recommending to vote against the chairman of the board on that basis. However, we generally would not recommend voting against a combined chairman/CEO except in egregious cases.

Experience

We find that a director’s past conduct is often indicative of future conduct and performance. We often find directors with a history of overpaying executives or of serving on boards where avoidable disasters have occurred appearing at companies that follow these same patterns. Glass Lewis has a proprietary database of every officer and director serving at 8,000 of the most widely held U.S. companies. We use this database to track the performance of directors across companies.

Voting Recommendations on the Basis of Director Experience

We typically recommend that shareholders vote against directors who have served on boards or as executives of companies with records of poor performance, inadequate risk oversight, overcompensation, auditor accounting-related issues, and/or other indicators of mismanagement or actions against the interests of shareholders.30
 

27  In the absence of both a governance and a nominating committee, we will recommend voting against the chairman of the board on this basis.
28  Considering that shareholder discontent clearly relates to the director who received a greater than 50% against vote rather than the nominating chair, we review the validity of the issue(s) that initially raised shareholder concern, follow-up on such matters, and only recommend voting against the nominating chair if a reasonable analysis suggests that it would be most appropriate. In rare cases, we will consider recommending against the nominating chair when a director receives a substantial (i.e., 25% or more) vote against based on the same analysis.
29  A committee responsible for risk management could be a dedicated risk committee, or another board committee, usually the audit committee but occasionally the finance committee, depending on a given company’s board structure and method of disclosure. At some companies, the entire board is charged with risk management.
30  We typically apply a three-year look-back to such issues and also research to see whether the responsible directors have been up for election since the time of the failure, and if so, we take into account the percentage of support they received from shareholders.
 
A-19

 

Likewise, we examine the backgrounds of those who serve on key board committees to ensure that they have the required skills and diverse backgrounds to make informed judgments about the subject matter for which the committee is responsible.

Other Considerations

In addition to the three key characteristics – independence, performance, experience – that we use to evaluate board members, we consider conflict-of-interest issues in making voting recommendations.

Conflicts of Interest

We believe board members should be wholly free of identifiable and substantial conflicts of interest, regardless of the overall level of independent directors on the board. Accordingly, we recommend that shareholders vote against the following types of affiliated or inside directors:

1. A CFO who is on the board: In our view, the CFO holds a unique position relative to financial reporting and disclosure to shareholders. Because of the critical importance of financial disclosure and reporting, we believe the CFO should report to the board and not be a member of it.

2. A director who is on an excessive number of boards: We will typically recommend voting against a director who serves as an executive officer of any public company while serving on more than two other public company boards and any other director who serves on more than six public company boards typically receives an against recommendation from Glass Lewis. Academic literature suggests that one board takes up approximately 200 hours per year of each member’s time. We believe this limits the number of boards on which directors can effectively serve, especially executives at other companies.31 Further, we note a recent study has shown that the average number of outside board seats held by CEOs of S&P 500 companies is 0.7, down from 0.9 in 2004 and 1.6 in 1999.32

3. A director, or a director who has an immediate family member, providing consulting or other material professional services to the company: These services may include legal, consulting, or financial services. We question the need for the company to have consulting relationships with its directors. We view such relationships as creating conflicts for directors, since they may be forced to weigh their own interests against shareholder interests when making board decisions. In addition, a company’s decisions regarding where to turn for the best professional services may be compromised when doing business with the professional services firm of one of the company’s directors.
 

31  Our guidelines are similar to the standards set forth by the NACD in its “Report of the NACD Blue Ribbon Commission on Director Professionalism,” 2001 Edition, pp. 14-15 (also cited approvingly by the Conference Board in its “Corporate Governance Best Practices: A Blueprint for the Post-Enron Era,” 2002, p. 17), which suggested that CEOs should not serve on more than 2 additional boards, persons with full-time work should not serve on more than 4 additional boards, and others should not serve on more than six boards.
32  Spencer Stuart Board Index, 2009, p. 19

 
A-20

 

4. A director, or a director who has an immediate family member, engaging in airplane, real estate, or similar deals, including perquisite-type grants from the company, amounting to more than $50,000: Directors who receive these sorts of payments from the company will have to make unnecessarily complicated decisions that may pit their interests against shareholder interests.

5. Interlocking directorships: CEOs or other top executives who serve on each other’s boards create an interlock that poses conflicts that should be avoided to ensure the promotion of shareholder interests above all else.33

6. All board members who served at a time when a poison pill was adopted without shareholder approval within the prior twelve months.

Size of the Board of Directors

While we do not believe there is a universally applicable optimum board size, we do believe boards should have at least five directors to ensure sufficient diversity in decision-making and to enable the formation of key board committees with independent directors. Conversely, we believe that boards with more than 20 members will typically suffer under the weight of “too many cooks in the kitchen” and have difficulty reaching consensus and making timely decisions. Sometimes the presence of too many voices can make it difficult to draw on the wisdom and experience in the room by virtue of the need to limit the discussion so that each voice may be heard.

To that end, we typically recommend voting against the chairman of the nominating committee at a board with fewer than five directors. With boards consisting of more than 20 directors, we typically recommend voting against all members of the nominating committee (or the governance committee, in the absence of a nominating committee).34

Controlled Companies

Controlled companies present an exception to our independence recommendations. The board’s function is to protect shareholder interests; however, when an individual or entity owns more than 50% of the voting shares, the interests of the majority of shareholders are the interests of that entity or individual. Consequently, Glass Lewis does not apply our usual two-thirds independence rule and therefore we will not recommend voting against boards whose composition reflects the makeup of the shareholder population.

Independence Exceptions
 
The independence exceptions that we make for controlled companies are as follows:

1. We do not require that controlled companies have boards that are at least two-thirds independent. So long as the insiders and/or affiliates are connected with the controlling entity, we accept the presence of non-independent board members.

2. The compensation committee and nominating and governance committees do not need to consist solely of independent directors.
 

33  There is no look-back period for this situation. This only applies to public companies and we only footnote it for the non-insider.
34  The Conference Board, at p. 23 in its report “Corporate Governance Best Practices, Id.,” quotes one of its roundtable participants as stating, “[w]hen you’ve got a 20 or 30 person corporate board, it’s one way of assuring that nothing is ever going to happen that the CEO doesn’t want to happen.”

 
A-21

 
 
a. We believe that standing nominating and corporate governance committees at controlled companies are unnecessary. Although having a committee charged with the duties of searching for, selecting, and nominating independent directors can be beneficial, the unique composition of a controlled company’s shareholder base makes such committees weak and irrelevant.

b. Likewise, we believe that independent compensation committees at controlled companies are unnecessary. Although independent directors are the best choice for approving and monitoring senior executives’ pay, controlled companies serve a unique shareholder population whose voting power ensures the protection of its interests. As such, we believe that having affiliated directors on a controlled company’s compensation committee is acceptable. However, given that a controlled company has certain obligations to minority shareholders we feel that an insider should not serve on the compensation committee. Therefore, Glass Lewis will recommend voting against any insider (the CEO or otherwise) serving on the compensation committee.

3. Controlled companies do not need an independent chairman or an independent lead or presiding director. Although an independent director in a position of authority on the board – such as chairman or presiding director – can best carry out the board’s duties, controlled companies serve a unique shareholder population whose voting power ensures the protection of its interests.

4. Where an individual or entity owns more than 50% of a company’s voting power but the company is not a “controlled” company as defined by relevant listing standards, we apply a lower independence requirement of a majority of the board but keep all other standards in place. Similarly, where an individual or entity holds between 20-50% of a company’s voting power, but the company is not “controlled” and there is not a “majority” owner, we will allow for proportional representation on the board based on the individual or entity’s percentage of ownership.

Size of the Board of Directors
 
We have no board size requirements for controlled companies.

Audit Committee Independence

We believe that audit committees should consist solely of independent directors. Regardless of a company’s controlled status, the interests of all shareholders must be protected by ensuring the integrity and accuracy of the company’s financial statements. Allowing affiliated directors to oversee the preparation of financial reports could create an insurmountable conflict of interest.

Mutual Fund Boards

Mutual funds, or investment companies, are structured differently from regular public companies (i.e., operating companies). Typically, members of a fund’s adviser are on the board and management takes on a different role from that of regular public companies. Thus, we focus on a short list of requirements, although many of our guidelines remain the same.

The following mutual fund policies are similar to the policies for regular public companies:

1. Size of the board of directors: The board should be made up of between five and twenty directors.

 
A-22

 
 
2. The CFO on the board: Neither the CFO of the fund nor the CFO of the fund’s registered investment adviser should serve on the board.

3. Independence of the audit committee: The audit committee should consist solely of independent directors.

4. Audit committee financial expert: At least one member of the audit committee should be designated as the audit committee financial expert.

The following differences from regular public companies apply at mutual funds:

1. Independence of the board: We believe that three-fourths of an investment company’s board should be made up of independent directors. This is consistent with a proposed SEC rule on investment company boards. The Investment Company Act requires 40% of the board to be independent, but in 2001, the SEC amended the Exemptive Rules to require that a majority of a mutual fund board be independent. In 2005, the SEC proposed increasing the independence threshold to 75%. In 2006, a federal appeals court ordered that this rule amendment be put back out for public comment, putting it back into “proposed rule” status. Since mutual fund boards play a vital role in overseeing the relationship between the fund and its investment manager, there is greater need for independent oversight than there is for an operating company board.

2. When the auditor is not up for ratification: We do not recommend voting against the audit committee if the auditor is not up for ratification because, due to the different legal structure of an investment company compared to an operating company, the auditor for the investment company (i.e., mutual fund) does not conduct the same level of financial review for each investment company as for an operating company.

3. Non-independent chairman: The SEC has proposed that the chairman of the fund board be independent. We agree that the roles of a mutual fund’s chairman and CEO should be separate. Although we believe this would be best at all companies, we recommend voting against the chairman of an investment company’s nominating committee as well as the chairman of the board if the chairman and CEO of a mutual fund are the same person and the fund does not have an independent lead or presiding director. Seven former SEC commissioners support the appointment of an independent chairman and we agree with them that “an independent board chairman would be better able to create conditions favoring the long-term interests of fund shareholders than would a chairman who is an executive of the adviser.” (See the comment letter sent to the SEC in support of the proposed rule at http://sec.gov/rules/proposed/s70304/s70304-179.pdf)

DECLASSIFIED BOARDS
 
Glass Lewis favors the repeal of staggered boards and the annual election of directors. We believe staggered boards are less accountable to shareholders than boards that are elected annually. Furthermore, we feel the annual election of directors encourages board members to focus on shareholder interests.

Empirical studies have shown: (i) companies with staggered boards reduce a firm’s value; and (ii) in the context of hostile takeovers, staggered boards operate as a takeover defense, which entrenches management, discourages potential acquirers, and delivers a lower return to target shareholders.

 
A-23

 

In our view, there is no evidence to demonstrate that staggered boards improve shareholder returns in a takeover context. Research shows that shareholders are worse off when a staggered board blocks a transaction. A study by a group of Harvard Law professors concluded that companies whose staggered boards prevented a takeover “reduced shareholder returns for targets ... on the order of eight to ten percent in the nine months after a hostile bid was announced.”35 When a staggered board negotiates a friendly transaction, no statistically significant difference in premiums occurs.36

During a March 2004 Glass Lewis Proxy Talk on staggered boards, the proponents of staggered boards could not identify research showing that staggered boards increase shareholder value. The opponents of such a structure marshaled significant support for the proposition that, holding everything else constant, classified boards reduce shareholder value. Lucian Bebchuk, a Harvard Law professor who studies corporate governance issues, concluded that charter-based staggered boards “reduce the market value of a firm by 4% to 6% of its market capitalization” and that “staggered boards bring about and not merely reflect this reduction in market value.”37

Shareholders have increasingly come to agree with this view. In 2008 only 40% of U.S. companies had a classified board structure, down from approximately 60% of companies in 2004. Clearly, more shareholders have supported the repeal of classified boards. Resolutions relating to the repeal of staggered boards garnered on average over 70% support among shareholders in 2008, whereas in 1987, only 16.4% of votes cast favored board declassification.

Given the empirical evidence suggesting staggered boards reduce a company’s value and the increasing shareholder opposition to such a structure, Glass Lewis supports the declassification of boards and the annual election of directors.

MANDATORY DIRECTOR RETIREMENT PROVISIONS

Director Term and Age Limits

Glass Lewis believes that director age and term limits typically are not in shareholders’ best interests. Too often age and term limits are used by boards as a crutch to remove board members who have served for an extended period of time. When used in that fashion, they are indicative of a board that has a difficult time making “tough decisions.”

Academic literature suggests that there is no evidence of a correlation between either length of tenure or age and director performance. On occasion, term limits can be used as a means to remove a director for boards that are unwilling to police their membership and to enforce turnover. Some shareholders support term limits as a way to force change when boards are unwilling to do so.

While we understand age limits can be a way to force change where boards are unwilling to make changes on their own, the long-term impact of age limits restricts experienced and potentially valuable board members from service through an arbitrary means. Further, age limits unfairly imply that older (or, in rare cases, younger) directors cannot contribute to company oversight. A director’s experience can be valuable to shareholders because directors navigate complex and critical issues when serving on a board.

In our view, a director’s experience can be a valuable asset to shareholders because of the complex, critical issues that boards face. However, we support periodic director rotation to ensure a fresh perspective in the boardroom and the generation of new ideas and business strategies. We believe the board should implement such rotation instead of relying on arbitrary limits. When necessary, shareholders can address the issue of director rotation through director elections.
 

35 Lucian Bebchuk, John Coates, Guhan Subramanian, “The Powerful Antitakeover Force of Staggered Boards: Further Findings and a Reply to Symposium Participants,” December 2002, page 1.
36 Id. at 2 (“Examining a sample of seventy-three negotiated transactions from 2000 to 2002, we find no systematic benefits in terms of higher premia to boards that have [staggered structures].”).
37 Lucian Bebchuk, Alma Cohen, “The Costs of Entrenched Boards” (2004).

 
A-24

 
 
We believe that shareholders are better off monitoring the board’s approach to corporate governance and the board’s stewardship of company performance rather than imposing inflexible rules that don’t necessarily correlate with returns or benefits for shareholders.

However, if a board adopts term/age limits, it should follow through and not waive such limits. If the board waives its term/age limits, Glass Lewis will consider recommending shareholders vote against the nominating and/or governance committees, unless the rule was waived with sufficient explanation, such as consummation of a corporate transaction like a merger.

REQUIRING TWO OR MORE NOMINEES PER BOARD SEAT
 
In an attempt to address lack of access to the ballot, shareholders sometimes propose that the board give shareholders a choice of directors for each open board seat in every election. However, we feel that policies requiring a selection of multiple nominees for each board seat would discourage prospective directors from accepting nominations. A prospective director could not be confident either that he or she is the board’s clear choice or that he or she would be elected. Therefore, Glass Lewis generally will vote against such proposals.

SHAREHOLDER ACCESS
 
The SEC proposal: Shareholders have continuously sought a way to have a voice in director elections in recent years. Most of these efforts have centered on regulatory change at the SEC over the past several years. In July of 2007, the SEC responded by issuing two proposed rules, one to allow certain shareholders to submit director nominations for inclusion on management’s proxy and the second to disallow shareholder access proposals from being submitted by shareholders. The former rule did not pass but the latter rule was subsequently approved by the SEC in November of 2007, allowing companies to exclude shareholder access proposals from their proxy statements, in effect reverting to the SEC position prior to AFSCME’s challenge, ultimately upheld by the Second Circuit Court of Appeals, of the SEC’s decision to allow AIG to exclude the group’s access proposal.

During this window of opportunity prior to the SEC’s final rulemaking in November, three companies faced access proposals in 2007. The proposals received considerable votes in favor, garnering nearly 40% support at Hewlett Packard, 42% support at UnitedHealth and passing with 51% of the votes at Cryo-Cell International.

More recently, in June 2009 the SEC released proposed Rule 14a-11, which, if adopted would require most companies to include shareholder nominees for directors in company proxy materials under certain circumstances—namely if the shareholder(s) seeking to nominate directors beneficially owned shares in the company for at least one year, as well as met an ownership threshold based on a sliding scale depending on the company’s size. Since the release of proposed Rule 14a-11, the SEC has reviewed over 500 public comment letters regarding the rule and has therefore deferred voting on the proposed rule until early 2010. As a result, it is unlikely shareholders will have the opportunity to vote on access proposals in 2010.

MAJORITY VOTE FOR THE ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
 
In stark contrast to the failure of shareholder access to gain acceptance, majority voting for the election of directors is fast becoming the de facto standard in corporate board elections. In our view, the majority voting proposals are an effort to make the case for shareholder impact on director elections on a company-specific basis.

 
A-25

 
 
While this proposal would not give shareholders the opportunity to nominate directors or lead to elections where shareholders have a choice among director candidates, if implemented, the proposal would allow shareholders to have a voice in determining whether the nominees proposed by the board should actually serve as the overseer-representatives of shareholders in the boardroom. We believe this would be a favorable outcome for shareholders.

During 2009 Glass Lewis tracked 46 proposals to require a majority vote to elect directors at annual meetings in the U.S., up from 24 such proposals in 2008, but down from 54 proposals during 2007 and 147 proposals during 2006. The general decline in the number of proposals being submitted was a result of many companies adopting some form of majority voting, including well over 2/3 of companies in the S&P 500 index. During 2009 these proposals received on average 59% shareholder support (based on for and against votes), up from 54% in 2008.

The plurality vote standard

Today, most US companies still elect directors by a plurality vote standard. Under that standard, if one shareholder holding only one share votes in favor of a nominee (including himself, if the director is a shareholder), that nominee “wins” the election and assumes a seat on the board. The common concern among companies with a plurality voting standard was the possibility that one or more directors would not receive a majority of votes, resulting in “failed elections.” This was of particular concern during the 1980s, an era of frequent takeovers and contests for control of companies.

Advantages of a majority vote standard

If a majority vote standard were implemented, a nominee would have to receive the support of a majority of the shares voted in order to be elected. Thus, shareholders could collectively vote to reject a director they believe will not pursue their best interests. We think that this minimal amount of protection for shareholders is reasonable and will not upset the corporate structure nor reduce the willingness of qualified shareholder-focused directors to serve in the future.

We believe that a majority vote standard will likely lead to more attentive directors. Occasional use of this power will likely prevent the election of directors with a record of ignoring shareholder interests in favor of other interests that conflict with those of investors. Glass Lewis will generally support proposals calling for the election of directors by a majority vote except for use in contested director elections.

In response to the high level of support majority voting has garnered, many companies have voluntarily taken steps to implement majority voting or modified approaches to majority voting. These steps range from a modified approach requiring directors that receive a majority of withheld votes to resign (e.g., Ashland Inc.) to actually requiring a majority vote of outstanding shares to elect directors (e.g., Intel).

We feel that the modified approach does not go far enough because requiring a director to resign is not the same as requiring a majority vote to elect a director and does not allow shareholders a definitive voice in the election process. Further, under the modified approach, the corporate governance committee could reject a resignation and, even if it accepts the resignation, the corporate governance committee decides on the director’s replacement. And since the modified approach is usually adopted as a policy by the board or a board committee, it could be altered by the same board or committee at any time.

 
A-26

 

II . Transparency and
Integrity of Financial Reporting

AUDITOR RATIFICATION
 
The auditor’s role as gatekeeper is crucial in ensuring the integrity and transparency of the financial information necessary for protecting shareholder value. Shareholders rely on the auditor to ask tough questions and to do a thorough analysis of a company’s books to ensure that the information provided to shareholders is complete, accurate, fair, and that it is a reasonable representation of a company’s financial position. The only way shareholders can make rational investment decisions is if the market is equipped with accurate information about a company’s fiscal health. As stated in the October 6, 2008 Final Report of the Advisory Committee on the Auditing Profession to the U.S. Department of the Treasury:

“The auditor is expected to offer critical and objective judgment on the financial matters under consideration, and actual and perceived absence of conflicts is critical to that expectation. The Committee believes that auditors, investors, public companies, and other market participants must understand the independence requirements and their objectives, and that auditors must adopt a mindset of skepticism when facing situations that may compromise their independence.”

As such, shareholders should demand an objective, competent and diligent auditor who performs at or above professional standards at every company in which the investors hold an interest. Like directors, auditors should be free from conflicts of interest and should avoid situations requiring a choice between the auditor’s interests and the public’s interests. Almost without exception, shareholders should be able to annually review an auditor’s performance and to annually ratify a board’s auditor selection. Moreover, in October 2008, the Advisory Committee on the Auditing Profession went even further, and recommended that “to further enhance audit committee oversight and auditor accountability ... disclosure in the company proxy statement regarding shareholder ratification [should] include the name(s) of the senior auditing partner(s) staffed on the engagement.”38

Voting Recommendations on Auditor Ratification

We generally support management’s choice of auditor except when we believe the auditor’s independence or audit integrity has been compromised. Where a board has not allowed shareholders to review and ratify an auditor, we typically recommend voting against the audit committee chairman. When there have been material restatements of annual financial statements or material weakness in internal controls, we usually recommend voting against the entire audit committee.

Reasons why we may not recommend ratification of an auditor include:

1. When audit fees plus audit-related fees total less than the tax fees and/or other non-audit fees.
 

38 “Final Report of the Advisory Committee on the Auditing Profession to the U.S. Department of the Treasury.” p. VIII:20, October 6, 2008.

 
A-27

 
 
2. Recent material restatements of annual financial statements, including those resulting in the reporting of material weaknesses in internal controls and including late filings by the company where the auditor bears some responsibility for the restatement or late filing.39

3. When the auditor performs prohibited services such as tax-shelter work, tax services for the CEO or CFO, or contingent-fee work, such as a fee based on a percentage of economic benefit to the company.

4. When audit fees are excessively low, especially when compared with other companies in the same industry.

5. When the company has aggressive accounting policies.

6. When the company has poor disclosure or lack of transparency in its financial statements.

7. Where the auditor limited its liability through its contract with the company or the audit contract requires the corporation to use alternative dispute resolution procedures.

8. We also look for other relationships or concerns with the auditor that might suggest a conflict between the auditor’s interests and shareholder interests.

We typically support audit-related proposals regarding mandatory auditor rotation when the proposal uses a reasonable period of time (usually not less than 5-7 years).

PENSION ACCOUNTING ISSUES
 
A pension accounting question often raised in proxy proposals is what effect, if any, projected returns on employee pension assets should have on a company’s net income. This issue often arises in the executive-compensation context in a discussion of the extent to which pension accounting should be reflected in business performance for purposes of calculating payments to executives.

Glass Lewis believes that pension credits should not be included in measuring income that is used to award performance-based compensation. Because many of the assumptions used in accounting for retirement plans are subject to the company’s discretion, management would have an obvious conflict of interest if pay were tied to pension income. In our view, projected income from pensions does not truly reflect a company’s performance.
 

39 An auditor does not audit interim financial statements. Thus, we generally do not believe that an auditor should be opposed due to a restatement of interim financial statements unless the nature of the misstatement is clear from a reading of the incorrect financial statements.

 
A-28

 

III. The Link Between
Compensation and Performance

Glass Lewis carefully reviews the compensation awarded to senior executives. We believe that this is an important area in which the board’s priorities are revealed. However, as a general rule, Glass Lewis does not believe shareholders should be involved in the design, negotiation, management or approval of compensation packages. Such matters should be left to the compensation committee, which can be held accountable for its decisions through their election.

However, Glass Lewis strongly believes executive compensation should be linked directly with the performance of the business the executive is charged with managing. Glass Lewis has a proprietary pay-for-performance model that evaluates the pay of the top five executives at US companies. Our model benchmarks these executives’ pay against their performance using four peer groups for each company: an industry peer group, a smaller sector peer group, a group of similar size companies and a geographic peer group. Using a forced curve and a school letter-grade system, we rank companies according to their pay-for-performance and recommend voting against compensation committees of companies failing our pay-for-performance analysis.

We use this analysis to inform our voting decisions on each of the compensation issues that arise on the ballot. Likewise, we use this analysis in our evaluation of the compensation committee’s performance.

Full Disclosure of Executive Compensation

Glass Lewis believes that comprehensive, timely and transparent disclosure of executive pay is critical to allowing shareholders to evaluate the extent to which the pay is keeping pace with company performance. When reviewing proxy materials, Glass Lewis examines whether the company discloses the performance metrics used to determine executive compensation. Performance metrics vary and may include items such as revenue growth, targets, or human resources issues.

However, we are concerned when a proposal goes too far in the level of detail that it requests for executives other than the most high-ranking leaders of the company. Shareholders are unlikely to need or be able to use compensation information for employees below the level of the most senior corporate officers.

Moreover, it is rarely in shareholders’ interests to disclose competitive data about individual salaries below the senior executive level. Such disclosure could create internal personnel discord that would be counterproductive for the company and its shareholders. While we favor full disclosure for senior executives and we view pay disclosure at the aggregate level (e.g., the number of employees being paid over a certain amount or in certain categories) as potentially useful, we do not believe shareholders need or will benefit from detailed reports about individual management employees other than the most senior executives.

Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation (“Say-on-Pay”)

The practice of approving a company’s compensation reports is standard practice in many non-US countries, and has been a requirement for companies in the United Kingdom since 2002 and in Australia since 2005. More recently, such proposals have been gaining traction in the United States. Beginning with AFLAC in 2008, over a dozen US companies began to voluntarily provide shareholders with an advisory vote prior to 2009. However, in February of 2009 the U.S. government implemented the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, which required all companies that participated in the Capital Purchase Program (“CPP”) under the US Treasury’s Troubled Asset Relief Program (“TARP”) to provide shareholders with a separate shareholder vote to approve executive compensation. Glass Lewis reviewed over 280 of these Say-on-Pay proposals in 2009. As the US Treasury Department, the SEC and Congress contemplate proposed federal regulation in 2010 that would mandate advisory votes at all US public companies, shareholders should anticipate Say-on-Pay becoming a routine item at annual meetings in the years ahead.

 
A-29

 

Glass Lewis applies a highly nuanced approach when analyzing advisory votes on executive compensation. Not only can the specific resolutions vary from company to company, but we believe the compensation-related disclosure must be examined in the context of each company’s distinct industry as well as its historic pay-for-performance practices. Although Say-on-Pay proposals are non-binding, a high level of “against” or “abstain” votes demonstrate a lack of shareholder confidence in a company’s compensation policies and procedures. Therefore, after determining the specific aspects of disclosure actually being voted on (i.e., the CD&A, the summary compensation tables, and/or any related material), we focus on the following main factors when reviewing Say-on-Pay proposals:

· The overall design and structure of the Company’s executive compensation program;

· The link between compensation and performance as indicated by the Company’s current and past pay-for-performance grades;

· The quality and content of the Company’s CD&A disclosure and

· Any significant changes or modifications made to the Company’s compensation structure or award amounts, including base salaries.

In cases where our analysis reveals a compensation structure in drastic need of reform, we will recommend that shareholders vote against the Say-on-Pay proposal. Generally such instances include evidence of a pattern of poor pay-for-performance practices (i.e., deficient or failing pay for performance grades), unclear or questionable disclosure regarding the overall compensation structure (i.e., limited information regarding benchmarking processes, limited rationale for bonus performance metrics and targets, etc.), questionable adjustments to certain aspects of the overall compensation structure (i.e., limited rationale for significant changes to performance targets or metrics, the payout of guaranteed bonuses or sizable retention grants, etc.), and/or other egregious compensation practices.

Limits on Executive Compensation

Generally, Glass Lewis believes shareholders should not be directly involved in setting executive pay. Such matters should be left to the compensation committee. We view the election of compensation committee members as the appropriate mechanism for shareholders to express their disapproval or support of board policy on executive pay. Further, we believe that companies whose pay-for-performance is in line with their peers should be able to pay their executives in a way that drives growth and profit, without destroying ethical values, giving consideration to their peers’ comparable size and performance.

However, Glass Lewis favors performance-based compensation as an effective way to motivate executives to act in shareholders’ best interests. Performance-based pay may be limited if CEO pay is capped at a low level rather than flexibly tied to company performance.

Limits on Executive Stock Options

Stock options are a common form of executive compensation. Making options a part of compensation may be an effective way to attract and retain experienced executives and other key employees. Tying a portion of an executive’s pay to company performance also provides a good incentive for executives to maximize share value. Thus, we typically recommend that our clients oppose caps on executive stock options. However, stock option plans should prohibit re-pricing or vesting acceleration of the options.

 
A-30

 

Equity-Based Compensation Plans

Glass Lewis evaluates option- and other equity-based compensation plans using a detailed model and analyst review. We believe that equity compensation awards are useful, when not abused, for retaining employees and providing an incentive for them to act in a way that will improve company performance.

Equity-based compensation programs have important differences from cash compensation plans and bonus programs. Accordingly, our model and analysis takes into account factors such as plan administration, the method and terms of exercise, repricing history, express or implied rights to reprice, and the presence of evergreen provisions.

Our analysis is quantitative and focused on the plan’s cost as compared with the business’s operating metrics. We run twenty different analyses, comparing the program with absolute limits we believe are key to equity value creation and with a carefully chosen peer group. In general, our model seeks to determine whether the proposed plan is either absolutely excessive or is more than one standard deviation away from the average plan for the peer group on a range of criteria, including dilution to shareholders and the projected annual cost relative to the company’s financial performance. Each of the twenty analyses (and their constituent parts) is weighted and the plan is scored in accordance with that weight.

In our analysis, we compare the program’s expected annual expense with the business’s operating metrics to help determine whether the plan is excessive in light of company performance. We also compare the option plan’s expected annual cost to the enterprise value of the firm rather than to market capitalization because the employees, managers and directors of the firm create enterprise value and not necessarily market capitalization (the biggest difference is seen where cash represents the vast majority of market capitalization). Finally, we do not rely exclusively on relative comparisons with averages because we believe that academic literature proves that some absolute limits are warranted.

We evaluate option plans based on ten overarching principles:

1. Companies should seek more shares only when needed.

2. Plans should be small enough that companies need shareholder approval every three to four years (or more frequently).

3. If a plan is relatively expensive, it should not grant options solely to senior executives and board members.

4. Annual net share count and voting power dilution should be limited.

5. Annual cost of the plan (especially if not shown on the income statement) should be reasonable as a percentage of financial results and should be in line with the peer group.

6. The expected annual cost of the plan should be proportional to the business’s value.

7. The intrinsic value that option grantees received in the past should be reasonable compared with the business’s financial results.

8. Plans should deliver value on a per-employee basis when compared with programs at peer companies.

9. Plans should not permit re-pricing of stock options.

10. Plans should not contain excessively liberal administrative or payment terms.

 
A-31

 
 
Option Exchanges

Glass Lewis views option repricing plans and option exchange programs with great skepticism. Shareholders have substantial risk in owning stock and we believe that the employees, officers, and directors who receive stock options should be similarly situated to align their interests with shareholder interests.

We are concerned that option grantees who believe they will be “rescued” from underwater options will be more inclined to take unjustifiable risks. Moreover, a predictable pattern of repricing or exchanges substantially alters a stock option’s value because options that will practically never expire deeply out of the money are worth far more than options that carry a risk of expiration.

In short, repricings and option exchange programs change the bargain between shareholders and employees after the bargain has been struck. Re-pricing is tantamount to re-trading.

There is one circumstance in which a repricing or option exchange program is acceptable: if macroeconomic or industry trends cause a stock’s value to decline dramatically, rather than specific company issues, and repricing is necessary to motivate and retain employees. In this circumstance, we think it fair to conclude that option grantees may be suffering from a risk that was not foreseeable when the original “bargain” was struck. In such a circumstance, we will support a repricing only if the following conditions are true:

(i) officers and board members do not participate in the program;

(ii) the stock decline mirrors the market or industry price decline in terms of timing and approximates the decline in magnitude;

(iii) the exchange is value-neutral or value-creative to shareholders with very conservative assumptions and with a recognition of the adverse selection problems inherent in voluntary programs; and

(iv) management and the board make a cogent case for needing to motivate and retain existing employees, such as being in a competitive employment market.

Performance-Based Options

Shareholders commonly ask boards to adopt policies requiring that a significant portion of future stock option grants to senior executives be based on performance. Performance-based options are options where the exercise price is linked to an industry peer group’s stock-performance index.

Glass Lewis believes in performance-based equity compensation plans for senior executives. We feel that executives should be compensated with equity when their performance and the company’s performance warrants such rewards. While we do not believe that equity-based pay plans for all employees should be based on overall company performance, we do support such limitations for equity grants to senior executives (although some equity-based compensation of senior executives without performance criteria is acceptable, such as in the case of moderate incentive grants made in an initial offer of employment or in emerging industries).

Boards often argue that basing option grants on performance would hinder them in attracting talent. We believe that boards can develop a consistent, reliable approach to attract executives with the ability to guide the company toward its targets. If the board believes in performance-based pay for executives, then these proposals requiring the same should not hamper the board’s ability to create equity-based compensation plans.

We generally recommend that shareholders vote in favor of performance-based option requirements.

 
A-32

 
 
Option Backdating, Spring-Loading, and Bullet-Dodging

Glass Lewis views option backdating, and the related practices of spring-loading and bullet-dodging, as egregious actions that warrant holding the appropriate management and board members responsible. These practices are similar to re-pricing options and eliminate much of the downside risk inherent in an option grant that is designed to induce recipients to maximize shareholder return. Backdating an option is the act of changing an option’s grant date from the actual grant date to an earlier date when the market price of the underlying stock was lower, resulting in a lower exercise price for the option. Glass Lewis has identified over 270 companies that have disclosed internal or government investigations into their past stock-option grants.

Spring-loading is granting stock options while in possession of material, positive information that has not been disclosed publicly. Bullet-dodging is delaying the grants of stock options until after the release of material, negative information. This can allow option grants to be made at a lower price either before the release of positive news or following the release of negative news, assuming the stock’s price will move up or down in response to the information. This raises a concern similar to that of insider trading, or the trading on material non-public information.

The exercise price for an option is determined on the day of grant, providing the recipient with the same market risk as an investor who bought shares on that date. However, where options were backdated, the executive or the board (or the compensation committee) changed the grant date retroactively. The new date may be at or near the lowest price for the year or period. This would be like allowing an investor to look back and select the lowest price of the year at which to buy shares.

A 2006 study of option grants made between 1996 and 2005 at 8,000 companies found that option backdating can be an indication of poor internal controls. The study found that option backdating was more likely to occur at companies without a majority independent board and with a long-serving CEO; both factors, the study concluded, were associated with greater CEO influence on the company’s compensation and governance practices.40

Where a company granted backdated options to an executive who is also a director, Glass Lewis will recommend voting against that executive/director, regardless of who decided to make the award. In addition, Glass Lewis will recommend voting against those directors who either approved or allowed the backdating. Glass Lewis feels that executives and directors who either benefited from backdated options or authorized the practice have breached their fiduciary responsibility to shareholders.

Given the severe tax and legal liabilities to the company from backdating, Glass Lewis will consider recommending voting against members of the audit committee who served when options were backdated, a restatement occurs, material weaknesses in internal controls exist and disclosures indicate there was a lack of documentation. These committee members failed in their responsibility to ensure the integrity of the company’s financial reports.

When a company has engaged in spring-loading or bullet-dodging, Glass Lewis will consider recommending voting against the compensation committee members where there has been a pattern of granting options at or near historic lows. Glass Lewis will also recommend voting against executives serving on the board who benefited from the spring-loading or bullet-dodging.

162(m) Plans

Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code allows companies to deduct compensation in excess of $1 million for the CEO and the next three most highly compensated executive officers, excluding the CFO, upon shareholder approval of the excess compensation. Glass Lewis recognizes the value of executive incentive programs and the tax benefit of shareholder-approved incentive plans.
 

40 Lucian Bebchuk, Yaniv Grinstein and Urs Peyer. “LUCKY CEOs.” November, 2006.

 
A-33

 

We believe the best practice for companies is to provide reasonable disclosure to shareholders so that they can make sound judgments about the reasonableness of the proposed compensation plan. To allow for meaningful shareholder review, we prefer that these proposals include: specific performance goals, a maximum award pool, and a maximum award amount per employee. We also believe it is important to analyze the estimated grants to see if they are reasonable and in line with the company’s peers.

We typically recommend against a 162(m) plan where: a company fails to provide at least a list of performance targets; a company fails to provide one of either a total pool or an individual maximum; or the proposed plan is excessive when compared with the plans of the company’s peers.

The company’s record of aligning pay with performance (as evaluated using our proprietary pay-for-performance model) also plays a role in our recommendation. Where a company has a record of reasonable pay relative to business performance, we are not typically inclined to recommend against a plan even if the plan caps seem large relative to peers because we recognize the value in special pay arrangements for continued exceptional performance.

As with all other issues we review, our goal is to provide consistent but contextual advice given the specifics of the company and ongoing performance. Overall, we recognize that it is generally not in shareholders’ best interests to vote against such a plan and forgo the potential tax benefit since shareholder rejection of such plans will not curtail the awards, it will only prevent the tax deduction associated with them.

Director Compensation Plans

Glass Lewis believes that non-employee directors should receive compensation for the time and effort they spend serving on the board and its committees. In particular, we support compensation plans that include option grants or other equity-based awards that help to align the interests of outside directors with those of shareholders. Director fees should be competitive in order to retain and attract qualified individuals. But excessive fees represent a financial cost to the company and threaten to compromise the objectivity and independence of non-employee directors. Therefore, a balance is required.

Glass Lewis uses a proprietary model and analyst review to evaluate the costs of those plans compared to the plans of peer companies with similar market capitalizations. We use the results of this model to assist in making our voting recommendations on director compensation plans.

 
A-34

 

IV. Governance Structure
and the Shareholder Franchise

ANTI-TAKEOVER MEASURES

Poison Pills (Shareholder Rights Plans)

Glass Lewis believes that poison pill plans are not generally in shareholders’ best interests. They can reduce management accountability by substantially limiting opportunities for corporate takeovers. Rights plans can thus prevent shareholders from receiving a buy-out premium for their stock. Typically we recommend that shareholders vote against these plans to protect their financial interests and ensure that they have an opportunity to consider any offer for their shares, especially those at a premium.

We believe boards should be given wide latitude in directing company activities and in charting the company’s course. However, on an issue such as this, where the link between the shareholders’ financial interests and their right to consider and accept buyout offers is substantial, we believe that shareholders should be allowed to vote on whether they support such a plan’s implementation. This issue is different from other matters that are typically left to board discretion. Its potential impact on and relation to shareholders is direct and substantial. It is also an issue in which management interests may be different from those of shareholders; thus, ensuring that shareholders have a voice is the only way to safeguard their interests.

In certain circumstances, we will support a limited poison pill to accomplish a particular objective, such as the closing of an important merger, or a pill that contains what we believe to be a reasonable qualifying offer clause. We will consider supporting a poison pill plan if the qualifying offer clause includes the following attributes: (i) The form of offer is not required to be an all-cash transaction; (ii) the offer is not required to remain open for more than 90 business days; (iii) the offeror is permitted to amend the offer, reduce the offer, or otherwise change the terms; (iv) there is no fairness opinion requirement; and (v) there is a low to no premium requirement. Where these requirements are met, we typically feel comfortable that shareholders will have the opportunity to voice their opinion on any legitimate offer.

NOL Poison Pills

Similarly, Glass Lewis may consider supporting a limited poison pill in the unique event that a company seeks shareholder approval of a rights plan for the express purpose of preserving Net Operating Losses (NOLs). While companies with NOLs can generally carry these losses forward to offset future taxable income, Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code limits companies’ ability to use NOLs in the event of a “change of ownership.”41 In this case, a company may adopt or amend a poison pill (“NOL pill”) in order to prevent an inadvertent change of ownership by multiple investors purchasing small chunks of stock at the same time, and thereby preserve the ability to carry the NOLs forward. Often such NOL pills have trigger thresholds much lower than the common 15% or 20% thresholds, with some NOL pill triggers as low as 5%.
 

41 Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code refers to a “change of ownership” of more than 50 percentage points by one or more 5% shareholders within a three-year period. The statute is intended to deter the “trafficking” of net operating losses.

 
A-35

 
 
Glass Lewis evaluates NOL pills on a strictly case-by-case basis taking into consideration, among other factors, the value of the NOLs to the company, the likelihood of a change of ownership based on the size of the holding and the nature of the larger shareholders, the trigger threshold and whether the term of the plan is limited in duration (i.e., whether it contains a reasonable “sunset” provision) or is subject to periodic board review and/or shareholder ratification. However, we will recommend that shareholders vote against a proposal to adopt or amend a pill to include NOL protective provisions if the company has adopted a more narrowly tailored means of preventing a change in control to preserve its NOLs. For example, a company may limit share transfers in its charter to prevent a change of ownership from occurring.

Furthermore, we believe that shareholders should be offered the opportunity to vote on any adoption or renewal of a NOL pill regardless of any potential tax benefit that it offers a company. As such, we will consider recommending voting against those members of the board who served at the time when an NOL pill was adopted without shareholder approval within the prior twelve months and where the NOL pill is not subject to shareholder ratification.

Fair Price Provisions

Fair price provisions, which are rare, require that certain minimum price and procedural requirements be observed by any party that acquires more than a specified percentage of a corporation’s common stock. The provision is intended to protect minority shareholder value when an acquirer seeks to accomplish a merger or other transaction which would eliminate or change the interests of the minority stockholders. The provision is generally applied against the acquirer unless the takeover is approved by a majority of continuing directors” and holders of a majority, in some cases a supermajority as high as 80%, of the combined voting power of all stock entitled to vote to alter, amend, or repeal the above provisions.

The effect of a fair price provision is to require approval of any merger or business combination with an “interested stockholder” by 51% of the voting stock of the company, excluding the shares held by the interested stockholder. An interested stockholder is generally considered to be a holder of 10% or more of the company’s outstanding stock, but the trigger can vary.

Generally, provisions are put in place for the ostensible purpose of preventing a back-end merger where the interested stockholder would be able to pay a lower price for the remaining shares of the company than he or she paid to gain control. The effect of a fair price provision on shareholders, however, is to limit their ability to gain a premium for their shares through a partial tender offer or open market acquisition which typically raise the share price, often significantly. A fair price provision discourages such transactions because of the potential costs of seeking shareholder approval and because of the restrictions on purchase price for completing a merger or other transaction at a later time.

Glass Lewis believes that fair price provisions, while sometimes protecting shareholders from abuse in a takeover situation, more often act as an impediment to takeovers, potentially limiting gains to shareholders from a variety of transactions that could significantly increase share price. In some cases, even the independent directors of the board cannot make exceptions when such exceptions may be in the best interests of shareholders. Given the existence of state law protections for minority shareholders such as Section 203 of the Delaware Corporations Code, we believe it is in the best interests of shareholders to remove fair price provisions.

REINCORPORATION
 
In general, Glass Lewis believes that the board is in the best position to determine the appropriate jurisdiction of incorporation for the company. When examining a management proposal to reincorporate to a different state or country, we review the relevant financial benefits, generally related to improved corporate tax treatment, as well as changes in corporate governance provisions, especially those relating to shareholder rights, resulting from the change in domicile. Where the financial benefits are de minimis and there is a decrease in shareholder rights, we will recommend voting against the transaction.

 
A-36

 
 
However, costly, shareholder-initiated reincorporations are typically not the best route to achieve the furtherance of shareholder rights. We believe shareholders are generally better served by proposing specific shareholder resolutions addressing pertinent issues which may be implemented at a lower cost, and perhaps even with board approval. However, when shareholders propose a shift into a jurisdiction with enhanced shareholder rights, Glass Lewis examines the significant ways would the Company benefit from shifting jurisdictions including the following:

1. Is the board sufficiently independent?

2. Does the Company have anti-takeover protections such as a poison pill or classified board in place?

3. Has the board been previously unresponsive to shareholders (such as failing to implement a shareholder proposal that received majority shareholder support)?

4. Do shareholders have the right to call special meetings of shareholders?

5. Are there other material governance issues at the Company?

6. Has the Company’s performance matched or exceeded its peers in the past one and three years?

7. How has the Company ranked in Glass Lewis’ pay-for-performance analysis during the last three years?

8. Does the company have an independent chairman?

We note, however, that we will only support shareholder proposals to change a company’s place of incorporation in exceptional circumstances.

AUTHORIZED SHARES
 
Glass Lewis believes that adequate capital stock is important to a company’s operation. When analyzing a request for additional shares, we typically review four common reasons why a company might need additional capital stock:

(i) Stock Split – We typically consider three metrics when evaluating whether we think a stock split is likely or necessary: The historical stock pre-split price, if any; the current price relative to the company’s most common trading price over the past 52 weeks; and some absolute limits on stock price that, in our view, either always make a stock split appropriate if desired by management or would almost never be a reasonable price at which to split a stock.

(ii) Shareholder Defenses – Additional authorized shares could be used to bolster takeover defenses such as a “poison pill.” Proxy filings often discuss the usefulness of additional shares in defending against or discouraging a hostile takeover as a reason for a requested increase. Glass Lewis is typically against such defenses and will oppose actions intended to bolster such defenses.

(iii) Financing for Acquisitions – We look at whether the company has a history of using stock for acquisitions and attempt to determine what levels of stock have typically been required to accomplish such transactions. Likewise, we look to see whether this is discussed as a reason for additional shares in the proxy.
  
(iv) Financing for Operations – We review the company’s cash position and its ability to secure financing through borrowing or other means. We look at the company’s history of capitalization and whether the company has had to use stock in the recent past as a means of raising capital.

 
A-37

 
    
Issuing additional shares can dilute existing holders in limited circumstances. Further, the availability of additional shares, where the board has discretion to implement a poison pill, can often serve as a deterrent to interested suitors. Accordingly, where we find that the company has not detailed a plan for use of the proposed shares, or where the number of shares far exceeds those needed to accomplish a detailed plan, we typically recommend against the authorization of additional shares.
 
While we think that having adequate shares to allow management to make quick decisions and effectively operate the business is critical, we prefer that, for significant transactions, management come to shareholders to justify their use of additional shares rather than providing a blank check in the form of a large pool of unallocated shares available for any purpose.
 
ADVANCE NOTICE REQUIREMENTS
FOR SHAREHOLDER BALLOT PROPOSALS
 
We typically recommend that shareholders vote against proposals that would require advance notice of shareholder proposals or of director nominees.
 
These proposals typically attempt to require a certain amount of notice before shareholders are allowed to place proposals on the ballot. Notice requirements typically range between three to six months prior to the annual meeting. Advance notice requirements typically make it impossible for a shareholder who misses the deadline to present a shareholder proposal or a director nominee that might be in the best interests of the company and its shareholders.
 
We believe shareholders should be able to review and vote on all proposals and director nominees. Shareholders can always vote against proposals that appear with little prior notice. Shareholders, as owners of a business, are capable of identifying issues on which they have sufficient information and ignoring issues on which they have insufficient information. Setting arbitrary notice restrictions limits the opportunity for shareholders to raise issues that may come up after the window closes.

VOTING STRUCTURE
 
Cumulative Voting

We review cumulative voting proposals on a case-by-case basis, factoring in the independence of the board and the status of the company’s governance structure. But we typically find these proposals on ballots at companies where independence is lacking and where the appropriate checks and balances favoring shareholders are not in place. In those instances we typically recommend in favor of cumulative voting.

Cumulative voting is a process that maximizes minority shareholders’ ability to ensure representation of their views on the board. It can be important when a board is controlled by insiders or affiliates and where the company’s ownership structure includes one or more shareholders who control a majority-voting block of company stock.

Glass Lewis believes that cumulative voting generally acts as a safeguard for shareholders by ensuring that those who hold a significant minority of shares can elect a candidate of their choosing to the board. This allows the creation of boards that are responsive to the interests of all shareholders rather than just a small group of large holders.

Academic literature indicates that where a highly independent board is in place and the company has a shareholder-friendly governance structure, shareholders may be better off without cumulative voting. The analysis underlying this literature indicates that shareholder returns at firms with good governance structures are lower and that boards can become factionalized and prone to evaluating the needs of special interests over the general interests of shareholders collectively.

 
A-38

 

Where a company has adopted a true majority vote standard (i.e., where a director must receive a majority of votes cast to be elected, as opposed to a modified policy indicated by a resignation policy only), Glass Lewis will recommend voting against cumulative voting proposals due to the incompatibility of the two election methods. For companies that have not adopted a true majority voting standard but have adopted some form of majority voting, Glass Lewis will also generally recommend voting against cumulative voting proposals if the company has not adopted antitakeover protections and has been responsive to shareholders.

Where a company has not adopted a majority voting standard and is facing both a shareholder proposal to adopt majority voting and a shareholder proposal to adopt cumulative voting, Glass Lewis will support only the majority voting proposal. When a company has both majority voting and cumulative voting in place, there is a higher likelihood of one or more directors not being elected as a result of not receiving a majority vote. This is because shareholders exercising the right to cumulate their votes could unintentionally cause the failed election of one or more directors for whom shareholders do not cumulate votes.

Supermajority Vote Requirements

Glass Lewis believes that supermajority vote requirements impede shareholder action on ballot items critical to shareholder interests. An example is in the takeover context, where supermajority vote requirements can strongly limit the voice of shareholders in making decisions on such crucial matters as selling the business. This in turn degrades share value and can limit the possibility of buyout premiums to shareholders. Moreover, we believe that a supermajority vote requirement can enable a small group of shareholders to overrule the will of the majority shareholders. We believe that a simple majority is appropriate to approve all matters presented to shareholders.

TRANSACTION OF OTHER BUSINESS
AT AN ANNUAL OR SPECIAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS
 
We typically recommend that shareholders not give their proxy to management to vote on any other business items that may properly come before the annual meeting. In our opinion, granting unfettered discretion is unwise.
 
ANTI-GREENMAIL PROPOSALS
 
Glass Lewis will support proposals to adopt a provision preventing the payment of greenmail, which would serve to prevent companies from buying back company stock at significant premiums from a certain shareholder. Since a large or majority shareholder could attempt to compel a board into purchasing its shares at a large premium, the anti-greenmail provision would generally require that a majority of shareholders other than the majority shareholder approve the buyback.

MUTUAL FUNDS: INVESTMENT POLICIES AND ADVISORY AGREEMENTS
 
Glass Lewis believes that decisions about a fund’s structure and/or a fund’s relationship with its investment advisor or sub-advisors are generally best left to management and the members of the board, absent a showing of egregious or illegal conduct that might threaten shareholder value. As such, we focus our analyses of such proposals on the following main areas:

·  The terms of any amended advisory or sub-advisory agreement;

 
A-39

 
 
· Any changes in the fee structure paid to the investment advisor; and
 
· Any material changes to the fund’s investment objective or strategy.

We generally support amendments to a fund’s investment advisory agreement absent a material change that is not in the best interests of shareholders. A significant increase in the fees paid to an investment advisor would be reason for us to consider recommending voting against a proposed amendment to an investment advisory agreement. However, in certain cases, we are more inclined to support an increase in advisory fees if such increases result from being performance-based rather than asset-based. Furthermore, we generally support sub-advisory agreements between a fund’s advisor and sub-advisor, primarily because the fees received by the sub-advisor are paid by the advisor, and not by the fund.

In matters pertaining to a fund’s investment objective or strategy, we believe shareholders are best served when a fund’s objective or strategy closely resembles the investment discipline shareholders understood and selected when they initially bought into the fund. As such, we generally recommend voting against amendments to a fund’s investment objective or strategy when the proposed changes would leave shareholders with stakes in a fund that is noticeably different than when originally contemplated, and which could therefore potentially negatively impact some investors’ diversification strategies.

 
A-40

 
 
V. Environmental, Social and
Governance Shareholder Initiatives

Glass Lewis evaluates shareholder proposals on a case-by-case basis. We generally recommend supporting shareholder proposals calling for the elimination or removal of, as well as to require shareholder approval of, antitakeover devices such as poison pills and classified boards, both discussed in detail above. We generally recommend supporting proposals likely to increase or protect shareholder value and/or promote the furtherance of shareholder rights. In addition, we also generally recommend supporting proposals seeking to promote director accountability and to improve compensation practices especially those promoting a closer link between compensation and performance.

However, we typically prefer to leave decisions regarding day-to-day management and policy decisions, including those related to social, environmental or political issues, to management and the board except when there is a clear link between the proposal and economic or financial value enhancement or risk mitigation for the firm. We feel strongly that shareholders should not attempt to micromanage the company, its businesses or its executives through the shareholder initiative process.

Rather, we believe shareholders should use their influence to push for governance structures that protect shareholders and promote director accountability, including majority voting for director elections, and then put in place a board they can trust to make informed and careful decisions that are in the best interests of the business and its owners. We believe shareholders should hold directors accountable for management and policy decisions through director elections. However, we recognize that support of appropriately crafted shareholder initiatives that provide shareholders with increased information, and that allow the board sufficient flexibility can, in some cases, serve to promote or protect shareholder value. The following is a discussion of Glass Lewis’ approach to certain common shareholder resolution proposals. We note that the following is not an exhaustive list of all shareholder proposals analyzed or expected.

GOVERNANCE

Right of Shareholders to Call a Special Meeting

Glass Lewis strongly supports the right of shareholders to call special meetings. Thus we believe in certain circumstances shareholders should have the ability to call meetings of shareholders between annual meetings to consider matters that require prompt attention. However, in order to prevent abuse and waste of corporate resources by a small minority of shareholders, we believe that shareholders representing at least a sizable minority of shares must support such a meeting prior to its calling. Should the threshold be set too low, companies might frequently be subjected to meetings whose effect could be the disruption of normal business operations in order to focus on the interests of only a small minority of owners. Typically we believe this threshold should not fall below 10-15% of shares, depending on company size.

In our evaluation whether to recommend supporting such proposals, we consider the following:

· Company size
 
· Shareholder base in both percentage of ownership and type of shareholder (e.g., hedge fund, activist investor, mutual fund, pension fund, etc.)
 
A-41

 
· Responsiveness of board and management to shareholders evidenced by progressive shareholder rights policies (e.g., majority voting, declassifying boards, etc.) and reaction to shareholder proposals
 
· Company performance and steps taken to improve bad performance (e.g., new executives/directors, spin offs, etc.)
 
· Existence of anti-takeover protections or other entrenchment devices
 
· Opportunities for shareholder action (e.g., ability to act by written consent)
 
· Existing ability for shareholders to call a special meeting

Right of Shareholders to Act by Written Consent

Glass Lewis strongly supports shareholders’ right to act by written consent. As with the right to call special meetings, we believe such rights should be limited to, again depending on company size, a minimum of 10-15% of the shareholders requesting action by written consent, to prevent abuse and waste of corporate resources. Again, we believe a lower threshold may leave companies subject to meetings that may disrupt business operations to focus on the interests of a minority of owners. But we will support proposals to allow shareholders to act by written consent without a minimum threshold because shareholders are better off with this right than without it, and the benefit to shareholders outweighs the potential for abuse.

Board Composition
 
Glass Lewis believes the selection and screening process for identifying suitably qualified candidates for a company’s board of directors is one which requires the judgment of many factors, including the balance of skills and talents, as well as the breadth and diversity of experience of candidates and existing board members.

The diversity of skills, abilities and points of view can foster the development of a more creative and effective board. In general, however, we do not believe that it is in the best interests of shareholders for firms to be beholden to arbitrary rules regarding its board composition. We believe such matters should be left to a board’s nominating committee, which is generally responsible for establishing and implementing policies regarding the composition of the board, and which can be held accountable through their election.

Reimbursement of Solicitation Expenses
 
Glass Lewis feels that in some circumstances, replacing some or all directors on a company’s board is warranted where the incumbent director or directors have failed in their oversight of management by failing to address continuously poor performance. Where a dissident shareholder is seeking reimbursement for his or her expenses and has received the support of a majority of shareholders, Glass Lewis generally will recommend in favor of reimbursing the dissident for expenses incurred in waging the contest.

In those rare cases where a shareholder has put the shareholder’s own time and money into a successful campaign to unseat a poorly performing director, we feel that the dissident should be entitled to reimbursement of expenses by the company. In such a situation, other shareholders express their agreement by virtue of their majority vote for the dissident and will share in the improved company performance.

 
A-42

 
 
Since contests are expensive and distracting to the management and the board, to avoid encouraging nuisance or agenda-driven contests, we only support the reimbursement of expenses where the dissident has convinced at least a majority of shareholders to support a certain candidate(s).

COMPENSATION

Severance Agreements

As a general rule, Glass Lewis believes that shareholders should not be involved in the approval of individual severance plans. Such matters should be left to the board’s compensation committee, which can be held accountable for its decisions through the election of its director members.

However, when proposals are crafted to only require approval if the benefit exceeds 2.99 times the amount of the executive’s base salary plus bonus, Glass Lewis typically supports such requests. Above this threshold, based on the executive’s average annual compensation for the most recent five years, the company can no longer deduct severance payments as an expense, and thus shareholders are deprived of a valuable benefit. We believe that shareholders should be consulted before relinquishing such a right, and that implementing such policies would still leave companies with sufficient freedom to enter into the vast majority of severance arrangements.

Additionally, investors should monitor severance agreements when they are initially put in place. If shareholders initially approved of a severance agreement, it is inappropriate to vote against the compensation committee later on when the severance agreement goes into effect. However, in the absence of a shareholder vote on severance agreements, Glass Lewis will evaluate the role of the compensation committee when the agreement was adopted.

Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation (“Say-on-Pay”)

As noted above, Glass Lewis does not believe shareholders should be involved in the design, negotiation, management or approval of compensation packages. Such matters should be left to the compensation committee, which can be held accountable for its decisions through their election.

In the case of advisory votes on compensation, however, proposals are typically crafted to allow shareholders a non-binding vote on the company’s executive officers’ compensation and policies. Glass Lewis believes that the advisory vote therefore provides an effective mechanism for enhancing transparency in setting executive pay, improving accountability to shareholders, and providing for a more effective link between pay and performance. Where shareholders believe compensation packages are inappropriately structured, a high negative vote could compel the board to reexamine its compensation practices and act accordingly. While a vote to approve the report will not directly affect the board’s ability to set compensation policy, it will allow shareholders to register their opinions regarding the company’s compensation practices.

While still somewhat nascent, empirical research regarding the effects of advisory votes in certain non-US markets paints a broadly positive picture of the impact of such votes. In particular, a 2004 study for the British Department of Trade and Industry found that the advisory voting requirement has resulted in “a number of well publicized situations where [compensation] committees have changed their policy or practice as a result of direct shareholder voting.” (“Report on the Impact of the Directors’ Remuneration Report Regulations.” Deloitte & Touche. 2004). The study also found that the extent to which companies consulted shareholders about compensation practices has greatly increased over the past two years.

Further empirical evidence suggests that CEO compensation in the UK has been more sensitive to negative operating metrics following the introduction of the remuneration report vote than in prior periods, indicating a decrease in “rewards for failure”. (Fabrizio Ferri and David Maber. “Say on Pay Vote and CEO Compensation: Evidence from the UK.” SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1169446. June 30, 2008.)
 
A-43

 
We recognize that criticism has been raised with respect to shareholder advisory votes, such as injecting shareholders too far into compensation decisions and limiting the flexibility of companies to uniquely tailor their compensation policies as they strive to conform to external guidelines. (Laraine S. Rothenberg and Todd S. McCafferty. “’Say on Pay’: Linking Executive Pay to Performance”. New York Law Journal. September 24, 2008). However, we do not believe these arguments are persuasive since shareholders are already, and increasingly, reviewing all aspects of compensation irrespective of an opportunity to cast an advisory vote on compensation. Indeed, a growing number of institutional investors vote against compensation committee members as a means to express concern or dissatisfaction with companies’ compensation practices. As a result, some of these institutions do not feel the adoption of advisory votes is necessary since they will vote against compensation committee members directly.

Glass Lewis does, however, recognize that the use of advisory compensation votes does not necessarily reduce executive compensation. One recent study that found that executive remuneration in the UK has continued to rise at the same rate as prior to the adoption of say on pay, indicating a general failure to curb executive compensation. (Jeffrey Gordon. “’Say on Pay’: Cautionary Notes on the UK Experience and the Case for Muddling Through.” Columbia Law and Economics Working Paper No. 336. SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1262867. September 3, 2008). We, however, do not believe that the purpose of an advisory vote on compensation is to “rein in” executive pay. Rather it is to ensure that the remuneration paid to executives is firmly tied to the creation and advancement of long-term shareholder value.
 
Bonus Recoupments (“Clawbacks”)

Glass Lewis carefully reviews the compensation awarded to senior executives and we believe that senior executives of a company should never receive compensation for performance that was not achieved by the company.

We believe shareholders would be well-served by requiring the board to adopt a more detailed and stringent policy on recouping unearned bonuses, rather than relying on regulatory action such as requirements under Sarbanes Oxley. When examining proposals that require companies to recoup executives’ bonuses paid as a result of faulty accounting, Glass Lewis will first look to see if the company has already adopted a policy to recoup bonuses awarded to senior executives during a restatement, and whether that policy is included in the CEO’s contract. When the board has already committed to a proper course, in our opinion, and their current policy covers the major tenets of the proposal at hand while giving the board adequate flexibility to exercise discretion over these matters, we see no need for further action.

In some instances, shareholder proposals call for board action that may contravene the board’s legal obligations under existing employment agreements with executives. In addition, the board’s ability to exercise its judgment and reasonable discretion on this issue may be excessively limited under such proposals, which may not be warranted, depending on the specific situation of the company in question. We believe it is reasonable that a recoupment policy should only affect senior executives and those directly responsible for the company’s accounting errors.

Where a company is giving a new contract to an executive that does not include a clawback provision and the company has had a material restatement, especially if the restatement was due to fraud, Glass Lewis will recommend voting against the responsible members of the compensation committee. Compensation committee members have an obligation to build in reasonable controls to executive contracts to prevent payments in the case of inappropriate behavior.

 
A-44

 
 
Linking Executive Pay to Social Criteria

We recognize that companies’ involvement in environmentally sensitive and labor-intensive industries influences the degree to which a firm’s overall strategy must weigh environmental and social concerns. However, we also understand that the value generated by incentivizing executives to prioritize environmental and social issues is difficult to quantify and therefore measure, and necessarily varies among industries and companies.

When reviewing such proposals seeking to tie executive compensation to environmental or social practices, we will review the target firm’s compliance with (or violation of) applicable laws and regulations, and examine any history of environmental and social related concerns including those resulting in material investigations, lawsuits, fines and settlements. We will also review the firm’s current compensation policies and practice. However, with respect to executive compensation, Glass Lewis generally believes that such policies should be left to the compensation committee. We view the election of directors, specifically those who sit on the compensation committee, as the appropriate mechanism for shareholders to express their disapproval of board policy on this issue.

ENVIRONMENT
 
When management and the board have displayed disregard for environmental risks, have engaged in egregious or illegal conduct, or have failed to adequately respond to current or imminent environmental risks that threaten shareholder value, we believe shareholders should hold directors accountable when they face reelection. We believe it is prudent for management to assess its potential exposure to all risks, including environmental and regulations pertaining thereto and incorporate this information into its overall business risk profile.

Glass Lewis recognizes the significant financial, legal and reputational risks to companies resulting from poor environmental practices or negligent oversight thereof. We believe part of the board’s role is to ensure that management conducts a complete risk analysis of company operations, including those that have environmental implications. Further, directors should monitor management’s performance in mitigating the environmental risks attendant with relevant operations in order to eliminate or minimize the risks to the company and shareholders.

While Glass Lewis recognizes that most environmental concerns are best addressed via avenues other than proxy proposals, when a substantial environmental risk has been ignored or inadequately addressed, we may recommend voting against responsible members of the governance committee. In some cases, we may recommend voting against all directors who were on the board when the substantial risk arose, was ignored, or was not mitigated.

Climate Change and Green House Gas Emission Disclosure Proposals

Glass Lewis will consider recommending a vote in favor of a reasonable shareholder proposal to disclose a company’s climate change and/or green house gas emission approaches when (i) a company has encountered problems such as lawsuits and/or government investigations or investors have established a link to impact on shareholder value from climate change and/or green house gas emission regulations, and (ii) the company has failed to adequately disclose how it has addressed these problems. We will examine such proposals in light of requests made to the company for additional information, its response and whether there is a reasonable case as to the negative implications to shareholders and the company.

 
A-45

 
 
With respect to climate risk, Glass Lewis believes companies should actively consider their exposure to:

Direct environmental risk: Companies should evaluate their financial exposure to a potential rise in sea levels, increased wildfires and extreme weather, reduced air quality, water availability and public health problems brought on by higher temperatures.

Risk due to legislation/regulation: We believe companies, and particularly those operating in carbon-intensive industries, should evaluate their exposure to a potential increase or shift in environmental regulation with respect to their operations.

Legal and reputational risk: As has been seen relating to other environmental, social and governance matters, failure to take action may carry the risk of damaging negative publicity and potentially costly litigation.

As such, Glass Lewis will consider recommending a vote in favor of a reasonable proposal to disclose a company’s climate change and/or greenhouse gas emission strategies when (i) a company has suffered financial impact from reputational damage, lawsuits and/or government investigations, (ii) there is a strong link between climate change and/or its resultant regulation and shareholder value at the firm, and (iii) the company has failed to adequately disclose how it has addressed these risks.

Sustainability

With respect to shareholder proposals requesting that a firm produce a sustainability report, when evaluating these requests we will consider, among other things:

· The financial risk to the company from the firm’s environmental practices and/or regulation;

· The relevant company’s current level of disclosure;

· The level of sustainability information disclosed by the firm’s peers;

· The industry in which the firm operates;

· The level and type of sustainability concerns/controversies at the relevant firm, if any;

· The time frame within which the relevant report is to be produced; and

· The level of flexibility granted to the board in the implementation of the proposal.

Sustainable Forestry
 
Sustainable forestry provides for the long-term sustainable management and use of trees and other non-timber forest products. Retaining the economic viability of forests is one of the tenets of sustainable forestry, along with encouraging more responsible corporate use of forests. Sustainable land use and the effective management of land are viewed by some shareholders as important in light of the impact of climate change. Forestry certification has emerged as a way that corporations can address prudent forest management. There are currently several primary certification schemes such as the Sustainable Forestry Initiative (“SFI”) and the Forest Stewardship Council (“FSC”).

There are nine main principles that comprise the SFI: (i) sustainable forestry; (ii) responsible practices; (iii) reforestation and productive capacity; (iv) forest health and productivity; (v) long-term forest and soil productivity; (vi) protection of water resources; (vii) protection of special sites and biodiversity; (viii) legal compliance; and (ix) continual improvement.

The FSC adheres to ten basic principles: (i) compliance with laws and FSC principles; (ii) tenure and use rights and responsibilities; (iii) indigenous peoples’ rights; (iv) community relations and workers’ rights; (v) benefits from the forest; (vi) environmental impact; (vii) management plan; (viii) monitoring and assessment; (ix) maintenance of high conservation value forests; and (x) plantations.

 
A-46

 
 
Shareholder proposals regarding sustainable forestry have typically requested that the firm comply with the above SFI or FSC principles as well as to assess the feasibility of phasing out the use of uncertified fiber and increasing the use of certified fiber. We will evaluate target firms’ current mix of certified and uncertified paper and the firms’ general approach to sustainable forestry practices, both absolutely and relative to its peers but will only support proposals of this nature when we believe that the proponent has clearly demonstrated that the implementation of this proposal is clearly linked to an increase in shareholder value.

SOCIAL ISSUES

Non-Discrimination Policies

Where there is clear evidence of employment practices resulting in significant negative economic exposure to the company, Glass Lewis will support shareholder proposals that seek to address labor policies, such as shareholder proposals calling for increased disclosure of labor policies and of steps a company has taken to mitigate the risks associated with those policies.

Glass Lewis recognizes that companies with a record of poor labor relations or treatment of its workers can face risks, such as employee lawsuits, poor employee work performance and turnover, and regulatory investigations. Glass Lewis will hold directors accountable for company decisions related to labor and employment problems.

As risk associated with sensitive issues such as EEO policies and investigations of discrimination have the potential to directly affect shareholder value, we believe shareholders should closely monitor the company’s policies regarding these issues. As an increasing number of peer companies adopt inclusive EEO policies, companies without comprehensive policies may face damaging recruitment, reputational and, potentially, legal risks. We recognize that the theoretical increase in, or protection of, shareholder value resulting from inclusive employment policies may be difficult, if not impossible, to identify or measure.

However, we believe that a pattern of making financial settlements as a result of lawsuits based on discrimination could indicate exposure to findings of discriminatory employment practices. As such, shareholders could, in some instances, benefit from codifying nondiscriminatory policies.

MacBride Principles

To promote peace, justice and equality regarding employment in Northern Ireland, Dr. Sean MacBride, founder of Amnesty International and Nobel Peace laureate, proposed the following equal opportunity employment principles:

1. Increasing the representation of individuals from underrepresented religious groups in the workforce including managerial, supervisory, administrative, clerical and technical jobs;

2. Adequate security for the protection of minority employees both at the workplace and while traveling to and from work;

3. The banning of provocative religious or political emblems from the workplace;

4. All job openings should be publicly advertised and special recruitment efforts should be made to attract applicants from underrepresented religious groups;

 
A-47

 

5. Layoff, recall, and termination procedures should not, in practice, favor particular religious groupings;

6. The abolition of job reservations, apprenticeship restrictions, and differential employment criteria, which discriminate on the basis of religion or ethnic origin;

7. The development of training programs that will prepare substantial numbers of current minority employees for skilled jobs, including the expansion of existing programs and the creation of new programs to train, upgrade, and improve the skills of minority employees;

8. The establishment of procedures to assess, identify and actively recruit minority employees with potential for further advancement; and

9. The appointment of senior management staff member to oversee the company’s affirmative action efforts and setting up of timetables to carry out affirmative action principles.

Proposals requesting the implementation of the above principles are typically proposed at firms that operate, or maintain subsidiaries that operate, in Northern Ireland. In each case, we will examine the company’s current equal employment opportunity policy and the extent to which the company has been subject to protests, fines, or litigation regarding discrimination in the workplace, if any. Further, we will examine any evidence of the firm’s specific record of labor concerns in Northern Ireland.

Human Rights

Glass Lewis believes explicit policies set out by companies’ boards of directors on human rights provides shareholders with the means to evaluate whether the company has taken steps to mitigate risks from its human rights practices. As such, we believe that it is prudent for firms to actively evaluate risks to shareholder value stemming from global activities and human rights practices along entire supply chains. Findings and investigations of human rights abuses can inflict, at a minimum, reputational damage on targeted companies and have the potential to dramatically reduce shareholder value. This is particularly true for companies operating in emerging market countries in extractive industries and in politically unstable regions.
     
As such, while we typically rely on the expertise of the board on these important policy issues, we recognize that, in some instances, shareholders could benefit from increased reporting or further codification of human rights policies.
 
Military and US Government Business Policies
 
Glass Lewis believes that disclosure to shareholders of information on key company endeavors is important. However, we generally do not support resolutions that call for shareholder approval of policy statements for or against government programs, most of which are subject to thorough review by the federal government and elected officials at the national level. We also do not support proposals favoring disclosure of information where such disclosure is already mandated by law, unless circumstances exist that warrant the extra disclosure.
 
Foreign Government Business Policies

Where a corporation operates in a foreign country, Glass Lewis believes that the company and board should maintain sufficient controls to prevent illegal or egregious conduct with the potential to decrease shareholder value, examples of which include bribery, money laundering, severe environmental violations or proven human rights violations. We believe that shareholders should hold board members, and in particular members of the audit committee and CEO, accountable for these issues when they face reelection, as these concerns may subject the company to financial risk such as fines for violating the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. In some instances, we will support appropriately crafted shareholder proposals specifically addressing concerns with the target firm’s actions outside its home jurisdiction.

 
A-48

 

Health Care Reform Principles
 
Health care reform in the United States has long been a contentious political issue and Glass Lewis therefore believes firms must evaluate and mitigate the level of risk to which they may be exposed regarding potential changes in health care legislation. In 2009, Glass Lewis reviewed multiple shareholder proposals requesting that boards adopt principles for comprehensive health reform, such as the following based upon principles reported by the Institute of Medicine:
 
· Health care coverage should be universal;

· Health care coverage should be continuous;

· Health care coverage should be affordable to individuals and families;

· The health insurance strategy should be affordable and sustainable for society; and

· Health insurance should enhance health and well-being by promoting access to high-quality care that is effective, efficient, safe, timely, patient-centered and equitable.

Given the current national debate regarding health care, we typically believe that individual board rooms are not the appropriate forum in which to address evolving and contentious national policy issues. The adoption of a narrow set of principles could limit the board’s ability to comply with new regulation or to appropriately and flexibly respond to health care issues as they arise. As such, barring a compelling reason to the contrary, we typically do not support the implementation of national health care reform principles at the company level.

Tobacco

Glass Lewis recognizes the contentious nature of the production, procurement, marketing and selling of tobacco. However, we typically do not support proposals requesting that firms shift away from, or significantly alter, the legal production or marketing of core products. We also recognize that tobacco companies are particularly susceptible to reputational and regulatory risk due to the nature of its operations. As such, we will consider supporting uniquely tailored and appropriately crafted shareholder proposals requesting increased information or the implementation of suitably broad policies at target firms on a case-by-case basis.
 
Reporting Contributions and Political Spending
 
Glass Lewis believes that disclosure of how a company uses its funds is an important component of corporate accountability to shareholders. In our view, a rigorous oversight process can minimize a company’s exposure to legal, reputational and financial risk by ensuring that corporate assets are used to enhance shareholder value in accordance with federal and state law, consistent with a company’s stated values, and the long-term interests of the company.

While corporate contributions to national political parties and committees controlled by federal officeholders are prohibited under federal law, corporations can legally donate to state and local candidates, organizations registered under 26 USC Sec. 527 of the Internal Revenue Code and state-level political committees. There is, however, no standardized manner in which companies must disclose this information. As such, shareholders often must search through numerous campaign finance reports and detailed tax documents to ascertain even limited information. Corporations also frequently join trade associations, generally paying dues to do so, as a means for corporate political action. However, trade associations are neither required to report funds they receive for nor spend on political activity. Therefore, the tracking of corporate expenditures to political causes through trade associations can be impossible, often leaving corporations unable to determine for themselves which causes or campaigns their dues or donations have gone to support. Since not all donations to trade organizations are used strictly for political purposes, we question how corporations are able to assess the efficacy of such donations or determine the effect of such expenditure on long-term shareholder value.
 
A-49

 

Further, the empirical evidence regarding the benefit to shareholders of corporate political contributions remains unclear. In one study of firm-level contributions to U.S. political campaigns from 1979 to 2004, researchers found that measures of support to candidates were positively and significantly correlated with a cross-section of future returns. This was especially the case when those contributions went to a large number of candidates in the same state as the contributing firm (Michael J. Cooper, Huseyin Gulen and Alexei V. Ovtchinnikov. “Corporate Political Contributions and Stock Returns.” SSRN. September 26, 2008). However, in a separate study of political contributions from 1991 to 2004, researchers found donations to be negatively correlated with future excess returns with only limited support for the contention that political donations represent an investment in political capital (Rajash K. Aggarwal, Felix Meschke and Tracy Yue Wang. “Corporate Political Contributions: Investment or Agency?” SSRN. August 11, 2008).

Given that political donations are strategic decisions intended to increase shareholder value and have the potential to negatively affect the company, we believe the board should either implement processes and procedures to ensure the proper use of the funds or closely evaluate the process and procedures used by management. At least one study found that close board oversight of lobbying strategies may minimize instances of the company contributing to causes that are not in shareholders best interests (Robert Repetto. “Best Practice in Internal Oversight of Lobbying Practice”. Yale Center for Environmental Law & Policy. September 1, 2006).

When evaluating whether the report requested would benefit shareholders, Glass Lewis seeks answers to the following three key questions:

· Is the Company’s disclosure comprehensive and readily accessible?

· How does the Company’s political expenditure policy and disclosure compare to its peers?

· What is the Company’s current level of oversight?
 
Glass Lewis will consider supporting a proposal seeking increased disclosure of corporate political expenditure and contributions if the firm’s current disclosure is insufficient, is lacking compared to its peers, and where there is inadequate board oversight, evidenced by some evidence or credible allegation that the Company is mismanaging corporate funds through political donations or has a record of doing so. We will, in each case, consider the merits of the proposal in the context of relevant company. If Glass Lewis discovers particularly egregious actions by the company, we will consider recommending voting against the governance committee members or other responsible directors.
 
Animal Welfare
 
Glass Lewis believes that it is prudent for management to assess potential exposure to regulatory, legal and reputational risks associated with all business practices including those related to animal welfare; failure to take action on certain issues may carry the risk of fines and damaging negative publicity. A high profile campaign launched against a company could result in shareholder action, a reduced customer base, protests and potentially costly litigation.

 
A-50

 
 
However, in general, we believe that the board and management are in the best position to determine policies relating to the care and use of animals. As such, we will typically vote against proposals seeking to eliminate or limit board discretion regarding animal welfare unless there is a clear and documented link between the board’s policies and the degradation of shareholder value.

 
For more information about
Glass Lewis’ policies
or approach to proxy analysis,
please visit
www.glasslewis.com
or contact
Chief Policy Officer
Robert McCormick at +1 415 678-4228
 

 
A-51

 
 
PART C: OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 28. Exhibits:
 
(a)
Third Amended & Restated Declaration of Trust, previously filed with post-effective amendment number 19 (under the Securities Act of 1933) and amendment number 20 (under the Investment Company Act of 1940) to the Registration Statement on December 10, 2010 and incorporated by reference herein.
   
(b)
Second Amended & Restated Bylaws of the Trust, previously filed with the Initial Registration Statement on Form  N-1A on November 26, 2007 and incorporated by reference herein.
   
(c)
Instruments defining Rights of Security Holders. Not applicable.
   
(d)(1)
Form of Investment Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and FocusShares, LLC (the “Advisor”), previously filed with post-effective amendment number 19 (under the Securities Act of 1933) and amendment number 20 (under the Investment Company Act of 1940) to the Registration Statement on December 10, 2010 and incorporated by reference herein.
   
(e)(1)
Form of Distribution Agreement between the Registrant and Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the “Distributor”), previously filed with post-effective amendment number 19 (under the Securities Act of 1933) and amendment number 20 (under the Investment Company Act of 1940) to the Registration Statement on December 10, 2010 and incorporated by reference herein.
   
(e)(2)
Form of Authorized Participant Agreement, previously filed with post-effective amendment number 19 (under the Securities Act of 1933) and amendment number 20 (under the Investment Company Act of 1940) to the Registration Statement on December 10, 2010 and incorporated by reference herein.
   
(f)
Bonus or Profit Sharing Contracts.  Not applicable.
   
(g)
Form of Domestic Custody Agreement between the Registrant and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (“JPMorgan Chase”), previously filed with post-effective amendment number 19 (under the Securities Act of 1933) and amendment number 20 (under the Investment Company Act of 1940) to the Registration Statement on December 10, 2010 and incorporated by reference herein.
   
(h)(1)
Form of Fund Servicing Agreement between the Registrant and JPMorgan Investor Services Co., previously filed with post-effective amendment number 19 (under the Securities Act of 1933) and amendment number 20 (under the Investment Company Act of 1940) to the Registration Statement on December 10, 2010 and incorporated by reference herein.
   
(h)(2)
Form of Agency Services Agreement between the Registrant and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., previously filed with post-effective amendment number 19 (under the Securities Act of 1933) and amendment number 20 (under the Investment Company Act of 1940) to the Registration Statement on December 10, 2010 and incorporated by reference herein.
   
(h)(3)
Sub-License Agreement between the Registrant and Advisor, to be filed by amendment.
   
(h)(4)
Form of PFO/Treasurer Agreement between the Registrant and Foreside Management Services, LLC, filed herewith.
   
(h)(5)
Form of Compliance Services Agreement between the Registrant and Foreside Compliance Services, LLC, filed herewith .
   
(i)
Opinion and consent of Katten Muchin Rosenman LLP, counsel to the Trust, to be filed by amendment.
   
(j)
Consent of [                              ], independent registered public accounting firm to the Trust, to be filed by amendment.
   
(k)
Omitted Financial Statements.  Not applicable.
   
(l)
Letter of Investment Intent, to be filed by amendment.
   
(m)
Rule 12b-1 Plan, to be filed by amendment.
   
(n)
Rule 18f-3 Plan.  Not applicable.
   
(o)
Reserved.  Not applicable.
   
(p)(1)
Form of Code of Ethics of the Registrant, filed herewith.
   
(p)(2)
Form of Code of Ethics of the Advisor, filed herewith.
   
(Other)  Powers of attorney  

 
 

 
 
Item 29. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with Registrant
 
None.
 
Item 30. Indemnification
 
Reference is made to Section 8.5 of Article 8 of the Registrant’s Declaration of Trust which is incorporated herein:

The Registrant (also the “Trust”), organized as a Delaware statutory trust, operates pursuant to a Declaration of Trust dated December 8, 2010 (the “Declaration of Trust”) that permits the Registrant to indemnify every person who is, or has been, a Trustee, officer, employee or agent of the Trust, including persons who serve at the request of the Trust as directors, trustees, officers, employees or agents of another organization in which the Trust has an interest as a shareholder, creditor or otherwise (hereinafter referred to as a “Covered Person”), shall be indemnified by the Trust to the fullest extent permitted by law against liability and against all expenses reasonably incurred or paid by him in connection with any claim, action, suit or proceeding in which he becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of his being or having been such a Trustee, director, officer, employee or agent and against amounts paid or incurred by him in settlement thereof.

This indemnification is subject to the following conditions:

No indemnification shall be provided hereunder to a Covered Person:

(a)    For any liability to the Trust or its Shareholders arising out of a final adjudication by the court or other body before which the proceeding was brought that the Covered Person engaged in willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office;

(b)    With respect to any matter as to which the Covered Person shall have been finally adjudicated not to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that his or her action was in the best interests of the Trust; or

(c)    In the event of a settlement or other disposition not involving a final adjudication (as provided in paragraph (a) or (b) above and resulting in a payment by a Covered Person, unless there has been either a determination that such Covered Person did not engage in willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office by the court or other body approving the settlement or other disposition, or a reasonable determination, based on a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry), that he or she did not engage in such conduct, such determination being made by: (i) a vote of a majority of the Disinterested Trustees (as such term is defined in Section 8.5.5 of the Declaration of Trust) acting on the matter (provided that a majority of Disinterested Trustees then in office act on the matter); or (ii) a written opinion of independent legal counsel.

The rights of indemnification under the Declaration of Trust may be insured against by policies maintained by the Trust, and shall be severable, shall not affect any other rights to which any Covered Person may now or hereafter be entitled, shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a Covered Person, and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person. Nothing contained in the Declaration of Trust shall affect any rights to indemnification to which Trust personnel other than Covered Persons may be entitled by contract or otherwise under law.

Expenses of preparation and presentation of a defense to any claim, action, suit or proceeding subject to a claim for indemnification under Section 8.5 of the Declaration of Trust shall be advanced by the Trust prior to final disposition thereof upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the recipient to repay such amount if it is ultimately determined that he or she is not entitled to indemnification under Section 8.5 of the Declaration of Trust, provided that either:

(a)    Such undertaking is secured by a surety bond or some other appropriate security or the Trust shall be insured against losses arising out of any such advances; or

(b)    A majority of the Disinterested Trustees acting on the matter (provided that a majority of the Disinterested Trustees then in office act on the matter) or independent legal counsel in a written opinion shall determine, based upon a review of the readily available facts (as opposed to the facts available upon a full trial), that there is reason to believe that the recipient ultimately will be found entitled to indemnification.

 
 

 


As used in Section 8.5.5 of the Declaration of Trust, the following words have the meanings set forth below:

(a)    A “Disinterested Trustee” is one (i) who is not an Interested Person of the Trust (including anyone, as such Disinterested Trustee, who has been exempted from being an Interested Person by any rule, regulation or order of the SEC), and (ii) against whom none of such actions, suits or other proceedings or another action, suit or other proceeding on the same or similar grounds is then or has been pending;

(b)    “Claim,” “action,” “suit” or “proceeding” shall apply to all claims, actions, suits, proceedings (civil, criminal, administrative or other, including appeals), actual or threatened; and

(c)    “Liability” and “expenses” shall include without limitation, attorneys' fees, costs, judgments, amounts paid in settlement, fines, penalties and other liabilities.
 
The Distribution Agreement provides that Foreside and the Trust agree to indemnify and hold harmless each other and each of their trustees/directors and officers and any person who controls the Trust or Foreside within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act against any loss, liability, claim, damages or expense (including the reasonable cost of investigating or defending any alleged loss, liability, claim, damages or expense and reasonable counsel fees incurred in connection therewith) arising out of or based upon (i) the allegation of any wrongful act of the Distributor of the Trust or any of their trustees/directors, officers or employees, (ii) the breach of any obligation, representation or warranty pursuant to the distribution agreement by the Trust or the Distributor, (iii) either party's failure to comply in any material respect with applicable securities laws, or (iv) allegation that the Registration Statement, Prospectus, Statement of Additional Information, Product Description, shareholder reports, any information or materials relating to the Trust included an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements not misleading, insofar as the statement or omission was made in reliance upon, and in conformity with information furnished by Foreside to the Trust or by the Trust to Foreside.  In no case (i) is the indemnity of either party in favor of any Trust/Foreside affiliate to be deemed to protect any Trust/Foreside affiliate against any liability to the Trust or Foreside or its security holders to which such Trust/Foreside affiliate would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties or by reason of its reckless disregard of its obligations and duties under the distribution agreement.
 
Item 31. Business and Other Connections of Investment Manager
 
See “Management” in the Statement of Additional Information. Information as to the directors and officers of the Advisor is included in its Form ADV filed with the SEC and is incorporated herein by reference thereto.
 
Item 32. Principal Underwriters
 
(a)
 
Foreside Fund Services, LLC, Registrant's underwriter, serves as principal underwriter for the following investment companies registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended:
 
1)
American Beacon Funds
2)
American Beacon Mileage Funds
3)
American Beacon Select Funds
4)
Henderson Global Funds
5)
Bridgeway Funds, Inc.
6)
Century Capital Management Trust
7)
Sound Shore Fund, Inc.
8)
Forum Funds
9)
Central Park Group Multi-Event Fund
10)
PMC Funds, Series of the Trust for Professional Managers
11)
Nomura Partners Funds, Inc.
12)
Wintergreen Fund, Inc.
13)
RevenueShares ETF Trust
14)
Direxion Share ETF Trust
15)
Javelin Exchange-Traded Trust
16)
AdvisorsShares Trust
17)
Liberty Street Horizon Fund, Series of the Investment Managers Series Trust
18)
DundeeWealth Funds
19)
U.S. One Trust
20)
Turner Funds
21) Center Coast MLP Focus Fund, Series of the Investment Managers Series Trust

 
 

 
 
(b)
The following are officers and directors of Foreside Fund Services, LLC, the Registrant's underwriter. Their main business address is Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, Maine 04101.

Name
Address
Position with Underwriter
Position with Registrant
       
Mark S. Redman
690 Taylor Road, Suite 150
Gahanna, OH 43230
President and Manager
None
       
Richard J. Berthy
Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100,
Portland, ME 04101
Vice President, Treasurer and Manager
None
       
Jennifer E. Hoopes
Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100,
Portland, ME 04101
Secretary
None
       
Nanette K. Chern
Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100,
Portland, ME 04101
Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer
None
       
Mark A. Fairbanks
Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100,
Portland, ME 04101
Vice President and Director of Compliance
None
 
(c)
Not applicable.
 
Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records
 
All accounts, books and other documents required by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules thereunder are maintained at:
 
FocusShares, LLC
210 Summit Avenue - Suite C-11
Montvale, NJ 07645
 
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
One Chase Manhattan Plaza
New York, NY 10005
 
J.P. Morgan Investor Services Co.
70 Fargo Street
Boston, MA 02210
 
Foreside Fund Services, LLC
Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100
Portland, ME 04101
 
Item 34. Management Services
Not applicable.

Item 35. Undertakings
Not applicable.

 
 

 
 
SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant certifies that it has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, duly authorized, in the City of New York and State of New York on the 3rd day of February 2011.
 
 
FOCUSSHARES TRUST
       
       
  By: /s/ Erik Liik  
    Erik Liik  
    President  
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed below by the following person in the capacities and on the date indicated.
 
Name
 
Title
Date
       
       
/s/ Karl-Otto Hartmann
 
Trustee
February 3, 2011
Karl-Otto Hartmann
     
       
       
/s/ Christopher C. Fox
 
Trustee
February 3, 2011
Christopher C. Fox
     
       
       
/s/ Michael J. LeVar
 
Trustee
February 3, 2011
Michael J. LeVar
     
       
       
/s/ Joan D. Malloy
 
Trustee
February 3, 2011
Joan D. Malloy
     
       
       
/s/ Patricia A. Milon
 
Trustee
February 3, 2011
Patricia A. Milon
     
       
       
/s/ Erik Liik
 
President
February 3, 2011
Erik Liik
 
(Principal Executive Officer)
 
       
       
/s/ Brent C. Arvidson
 
Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
February 3, 2011
Brent C. Arvidson
 
(Principal Financial Officer)
 
 

 
EXHIBIT INDEX
 
(h)(4)
 
Form of PFO/Treasurer Agreement between the Registrant and Foreside Management Services, LLC
     
(h)(5)
 
Form of Compliance Services Agreement between the Registrant and Foreside Compliance Services, LLC
     
(p)(1)
 
Form of Code of Ethics of the Registrant
     
(p)(2)
  
Form of Code of Ethics of the Advisor
     
Other   Powers of Attorney