6-K 1 aer-09302023x6k.htm 6-K Document


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 6-K
REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16 UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the month of October 2023
Commission File Number 001-33159
AERCAP HOLDINGS N.V.
(Translation of Registrant’s Name into English)
AerCap House, 65 St. Stephen’s Green, Dublin D02 YX20, Ireland, +353 1 819 2010
(Address of Principal Executive Office)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F.
Form 20-F x
Form 40-F o
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1): o
Note:  Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1) only permits the submission in paper of a Form 6-K if submitted solely to provide an attached annual report to security holders.
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7): o
Note: Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7) only permits the submission in paper of a Form 6-K if submitted to furnish a report or other document that the registrant foreign private issuer must furnish and make public under the laws of the jurisdiction in which the registrant is incorporated, domiciled or legally organized (the registrant’s “home country”), or under the rules of the home country exchange on which the registrant’s securities are traded, as long as the report or other document is not a press release, is not required to be and has not been distributed to the registrant’s security holders, and, if discussing a material event, has already been the subject of a Form 6-K submission or other Commission filing on EDGAR.



Other Events
On October 27, 2023, AerCap Holdings N.V. furnished its interim financial report for the quarter ended September 30, 2023.
The information contained in this Form 6-K is incorporated by reference into the Company’s Form F-3 Registration Statements File Nos. 333-270326 and 333-260359 and Form S-8 Registration Statements File Nos. 333-194638, 333-194637, 333-180323, 333-165839, and 333-154416, and related Prospectuses, as such Registration Statements and Prospectuses may be amended from time to time.


2


INDEX

3

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

4

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022
NoteSeptember 30, 2023December 31, 2022
(U.S. Dollars in thousands, except share data)
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents4$2,415,297 $1,597,147 
Restricted cash4191,367 159,623 
Trade receivables87,326 132,202 
Flight equipment held for operating leases, net556,237,266 55,220,809 
Investment in finance leases, net61,337,153 1,356,072 
Flight equipment held for sale7420,599 292,808 
Prepayments on flight equipment253,883,402 3,806,602 
Maintenance rights and lease premium, net82,852,540 3,364,453 
Other intangibles, net8168,488 185,210 
Deferred tax assets15201,408 210,334 
Associated companies9911,768 811,219 
Other assets102,887,050 2,590,439 
Total Assets$71,593,664 $69,726,918 
Liabilities and Equity
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities12$1,618,240 $1,494,953 
Accrued maintenance liability132,720,624 2,503,202 
Lessee deposit liability945,855 806,655 
Debt1447,492,809 46,532,960 
Deferred tax liabilities152,444,015 2,194,098 
Commitments and contingencies25
Total Liabilities55,221,543 53,531,868 
Ordinary share capital, €0.01 par value, 450,000,000 ordinary shares authorized as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022; 235,543,739 and 250,347,345 ordinary shares issued and 212,379,835 and 245,931,275 ordinary shares outstanding (including 4,233,182 and 4,837,602 shares of unvested restricted stock) as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively
222,876 3,024 
Additional paid-in capital7,786,722 8,586,034 
Treasury shares, at cost (23,163,904 and 4,416,070 ordinary shares as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively)
22(1,359,216)(254,699)
Accumulated other comprehensive income160,013 108,226 
Accumulated retained earnings9,703,259 7,674,922 
Total AerCap Holdings N.V. shareholders’ equity16,293,654 16,117,507 
Non-controlling interest78,467 77,543 
Total Equity16,372,121 16,195,050 
Total Liabilities and Equity$71,593,664 $69,726,918 
Supplemental balance sheet information—amounts related to assets and liabilities of consolidated Variable Interest Entities (“VIE”) for which creditors do not have recourse to our general credit:
Restricted cash$76,168 $71,940 
Flight equipment held for operating leases and held for sale2,676,677 2,810,778 
Other assets135,097 146,239 
Accrued maintenance liability$136,893 $127,010 
Debt1,305,775 1,016,745 
Other liabilities72,494 74,012 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Unaudited Financial Statements.

5

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Income Statements
For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
Note2023202220232022
(U.S. Dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
Revenues and other income
Lease revenue:
Basic lease rents$1,574,649 $1,473,084 $4,672,680 $4,488,256 
Maintenance rents and other receipts126,229 119,542 469,385 408,235 
Total lease revenue1,700,878 1,592,626 5,142,065 4,896,491 
Net gain on sale of assets129,908 69,218 395,357 107,703 
Other income1760,881 62,181 144,348 180,559 
Total Revenues and other income1,891,667 1,724,025 5,681,770 5,184,753 
Expenses
Depreciation and amortization5, 8623,012 580,934 1,849,133 1,796,092 
Net (recoveries) charges related to Ukraine Conflict
18(645,807)(16,137)(673,879)2,712,581 
Asset impairment19107 29,249 36,540 43,477 
Interest expense446,977 390,809 1,310,575 1,171,588 
Loss on debt extinguishment 246 17 4,097 2,058 
Leasing expenses165,986 161,416 621,233 562,702 
Selling, general and administrative expenses20111,908 105,319 342,249 307,666 
Transaction and integration-related expenses— 3,565 — 30,198 
Total Expenses702,429 1,255,172 3,489,948 6,626,362 
Loss on investments at fair value(10,577)(7,791)(6,591)(20,142)
Income (loss) before income taxes and income of investments accounted for under the equity method
1,178,661 461,062 2,185,231 (1,461,751)
Income tax (expense) benefit15(110,677)(64,307)(252,018)163,956 
Equity in net earnings of investments accounted for under the equity method
41,019 44,593 107,937 79,024 
Net income (loss)$1,109,003 $441,348 $2,041,150 $(1,218,771)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest
(3,749)(1,392)(10,897)(2,277)
Net income (loss) attributable to AerCap Holdings N.V.
$1,105,254 $439,956 $2,030,253 $(1,221,048)
Basic earnings (loss) per share22$4.93 $1.83 $8.77 $(5.08)
Diluted earnings (loss) per share22$4.86 $1.82 $8.65 $(5.08)
Weighted average shares outstanding—basic22224,239,197 240,849,074 231,586,646 240,291,737 
Weighted average shares outstanding—diluted22227,379,759 242,364,744 234,818,115 240,291,737 





The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Unaudited Financial Statements.

6

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023202220232022
(U.S. Dollars in thousands)
Net income (loss)$1,109,003 $441,348 $2,041,150 $(1,218,771)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Net gain on derivatives (Note 11), net of tax of $(4,813), $(10,350), $(9,030) and $(22,102), respectively
27,390 72,453 50,008 154,714 
Actuarial gain on pension obligations, net of tax of nil, nil, $254 and nil, respectively
— — 1,779 — 
Total other comprehensive income27,390 72,453 51,787 154,714 
Comprehensive income (loss)1,136,393 513,801 2,092,937 (1,064,057)
Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interest(3,749)(1,392)(10,897)(2,277)
Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to AerCap Holdings N.V.$1,132,644 $512,409 $2,082,040 $(1,066,334)
































The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Unaudited Financial Statements.

7

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

Nine Months Ended September 30,
20232022
(U.S. Dollars in thousands)
Net income (loss)$2,041,150 $(1,218,771)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization1,849,133 1,796,092 
Net (recoveries) charges related to Ukraine Conflict(660,878)2,922,350 
Asset impairment36,540 43,477 
Amortization of debt issuance costs, debt discount, debt premium and lease premium191,512 236,723 
Maintenance rights write-off (a)286,581 252,189 
Maintenance liability release to income(164,193)(151,003)
Net gain on sale of assets(395,357)(107,703)
Deferred tax expense (benefit)258,842 (159,727)
Share-based compensation70,079 79,228 
Collections of finance leases309,453 207,810 
Loss on investments at fair value6,591 20,142 
Loss on debt extinguishment4,097 2,058 
Other(35,449)(140,311)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Trade receivables42,148 36,163 
Other assets(134,419)85,371 
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities156,009 (283,698)
Net cash provided by operating activities3,861,839 3,620,390 
Purchase of flight equipment(3,273,890)(2,296,808)
Proceeds from sale or disposal of assets1,556,713 1,152,224 
Prepayments on flight equipment(1,378,339)(630,047)
Cash proceeds from insurance claim settlement645,807 — 
Other(104,667)67,757 
Net cash used in investing activities(2,554,376)(1,706,874)
Issuance of debt5,009,330 467,996 
Repayment of debt(4,016,056)(3,392,836)
Debt issuance and extinguishment costs paid, net of debt premium received(74,336)(7,006)
Maintenance payments received600,664 574,856 
Maintenance payments returned(150,224)(220,602)
Security deposits received300,765 256,904 
Security deposits returned(150,940)(221,901)
Dividend paid to non-controlling interest holders(9,973)(2,060)
Repurchase of shares and tax withholdings on share-based compensation(1,966,392)(15,838)
Net cash used in financing activities(457,162)(2,560,487)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash850,301 (646,971)
Effect of exchange rate changes(407)(11,066)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period1,756,770 1,914,753 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period$2,606,664 $1,256,716 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Unaudited Financial Statements.

8

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

Nine Months Ended September 30,
20232022
(U.S. Dollars in thousands)
Supplemental cash flow information:
Interest paid, net of amounts capitalized$1,173,914 $1,148,580 
Income taxes paid, net7,172 1,795 

(a)Maintenance rights write-off consisted of the following:
End-of-Lease (“EOL”) and Maintenance Reserve (“MR”) contract maintenance rights expense$189,488 $205,722 
MR contract maintenance rights write-off offset by maintenance liability release16,498 247,636 
EOL contract maintenance rights write-off offset by EOL compensation received80,595 93,324 
EOL and MR contract maintenance rights write-off related to the Ukraine Conflict
— (294,493)
Maintenance rights write-off$286,581 $252,189 



































The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Unaudited Financial Statements.

9

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022
Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023:
Flight equipment held for operating leases in the amount of $184 million was reclassified to investment in finance leases, net/inventory.
Flight equipment held for operating leases in the amount of $1.1 billion was reclassified to flight equipment held for sale, net.
Accrued maintenance liability in the amount of $74 million was settled with buyers upon sale or disposal of assets.
In September 2023, other assets and accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities increased by $144 million and $124 million, respectively, due to the Azul Restructuring. Please refer to Note 10—Other assets for further details.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022:
Flight equipment held for operating leases in the amount of $193 million was reclassified to investment in finance and sales-type leases, net/inventory.
Flight equipment held for operating leases in the amount of $88 million was reclassified to flight equipment held for sale, net.
Accrued maintenance liability in the amount of $56 million was settled with buyers upon sale or disposal of assets.






























The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Unaudited Financial Statements.

10

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

Number of ordinary shares issuedOrdinary share capitalAdditional paid-in capitalTreasury sharesAccumulated other comprehensive incomeAccumulated retained earningsAerCap Holdings N.V. shareholders’ equityNon-controlling interestTotal equity
(U.S. Dollars in thousands, except share data)
Balance as of
June 30, 2023
250,347,345 $3,024 $8,604,293 $(1,026,074)$132,624 $8,598,005 $16,311,872 $78,636 $16,390,508 
Dividends paid— — — — — — — (3,918)(3,918)
Repurchase of
shares
— — — (1,172,309)— — (1,172,309)— (1,172,309)
Share cancellation(14,803,606)(148)(839,019)839,167 — — — — — 
Ordinary shares
issued, net of
tax withholdings
— — 38 — — — 38 — 38 
Share-based
compensation
— — 21,410 — — — 21,410 — 21,410 
Total comprehensive
income
— — — — 27,390 1,105,254 1,132,644 3,749 1,136,393 
Balance as of
September 30, 2023
235,543,739 $2,876 $7,786,722 $(1,359,216)$160,014 $9,703,259 $16,293,655 $78,467 $16,372,122 

Number of ordinary shares issuedOrdinary share capitalAdditional paid-in capitalTreasury sharesAccumulated other comprehensive incomeAccumulated retained earningsAerCap Holdings N.V. shareholders’ equityNon-controlling interestTotal equity
(U.S. Dollars in thousands, except share data)
Balance as of
June 30, 2022
250,347,345 $3,024 $8,546,331 $(259,646)$2,926 $6,741,794 $15,034,429 $76,922 $15,111,351 
Dividends paid— — — — — — — (1,480)(1,480)
Ordinary shares
issued, net of
tax withholdings
— — (5,114)1,860 — (747)(4,001)— (4,001)
Share-based
compensation
— — 24,847 — — — 24,847 — 24,847 
Total comprehensive
income
— — — — 72,453 439,956 512,409 1,392 513,801 
Balance as of
September 30, 2022
250,347,345 $3,024 $8,566,064 $(257,786)$75,379 $7,181,003 $15,567,684 $76,834 $15,644,518 










The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Unaudited Financial Statements.

11

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity (Continued)
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

Number of ordinary shares issuedOrdinary share capitalAdditional paid-in capitalTreasury sharesAccumulated other comprehensive incomeAccumulated retained earningsAerCap Holdings N.V. shareholders’ equityNon-controlling interestTotal equity
(U.S. Dollars in thousands, except share data)
Balance as of
December 31, 2022
250,347,345 $3,024 $8,586,034 $(254,699)$108,226 $7,674,922 $16,117,507 $77,543 $16,195,050 
Dividends paid— — — — — — — (9,973)(9,973)
Repurchase of
shares
— — — (1,969,154)— — (1,969,154)— (1,969,154)
Share cancellation(14,803,606)(148)(839,019)839,167 — — — — — 
Ordinary shares
issued, net of
tax withholdings
— — (30,372)25,470 — (1,916)(6,818)— (6,818)
Share-based
compensation
— — 70,079 — — — 70,079 — 70,079 
Total comprehensive
income
— — — — 51,787 2,030,253 2,082,040 10,897 2,092,937 
Balance as of
September 30, 2023
235,543,739 $2,876 $7,786,722 $(1,359,216)$160,013 $9,703,259 $16,293,654 $78,467 $16,372,121 

Number of ordinary shares issuedOrdinary share capitalAdditional paid-in capitalTreasury sharesAccumulated other comprehensive (loss) incomeAccumulated retained earningsAerCap Holdings N.V. shareholders’ equityNon-controlling interestTotal equity
(U.S. Dollars in thousands, except share data)
Balance as of
December 31, 2021
250,347,345 $3,024 $8,522,694 $(285,901)$(79,335)$8,410,261 $16,570,743 $76,617 $16,647,360 
Dividends paid— — — — — — — (2,060)(2,060)
Repurchase of
shares
— — — (1,458)— — (1,458)— (1,458)
Ordinary shares
issued, net of
tax withholdings
— — (35,858)29,573 — (8,210)(14,495)— (14,495)
Share-based
compensation
— — 79,228 — — — 79,228 — 79,228 
Total comprehensive
income (loss)
— — — — 154,714 (1,221,048)(1,066,334)2,277 (1,064,057)
Balance as of
September 30, 2022
250,347,345 $3,024 $8,566,064 $(257,786)$75,379 $7,181,003 $15,567,684 $76,834 $15,644,518 






The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Unaudited Financial Statements.

12

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
1. General
The Company
AerCap Holdings N.V., together with its subsidiaries (“AerCap,” “we,” “us” or the “Company”), is the global leader in aviation leasing, with 2,113 aircraft owned, managed or on order, approximately 1,000 engines (including engines owned and managed by our Shannon Engine Support (“SES”) joint venture), over 300 owned helicopters, and total assets of $72 billion as of September 30, 2023. Our ordinary shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol AER. Our headquarters is located in Dublin, and we have offices in Shannon, Miami, Singapore, Memphis, Amsterdam, Shanghai, Dubai and other locations. We also have representative offices at the world’s largest aircraft manufacturers, The Boeing Company (“Boeing”) in Seattle and Airbus S.A.S. (“Airbus”) in Toulouse.
The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements presented herein include the accounts of AerCap Holdings N.V. and its subsidiaries. AerCap Holdings N.V. was incorporated in the Netherlands as a public limited liability company (“naamloze vennootschap” or “N.V.”) on July 10, 2006.
2. Basis of presentation
General
Our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are presented in accordance with Accounting Principles Generally Accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).
We consolidate all companies in which we have effective control and all variable interest entities (“VIEs”) for which we are deemed the Primary Beneficiary (“PB”) under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 810. All intercompany balances and transactions with consolidated subsidiaries are eliminated. The results of consolidated entities are included from the effective date of control or, in the case of VIEs, from the date that we are or become the PB. The results of subsidiaries sold or otherwise deconsolidated are excluded from the date that we cease to control the subsidiary or, in the case of VIEs, when we cease to be the PB.
Unconsolidated investments where we have significant influence are reported using the equity method of accounting.
Our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are stated in U.S. dollars, which is our functional currency.
Our interim financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and U.S. GAAP for interim financial reporting, and reflect all adjustments that are necessary to fairly state the results for the interim periods presented. Certain information and footnote disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for complete annual financial statements have been omitted and, therefore, our interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on March 2, 2023. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of those for a full fiscal year.
Due to rounding, numbers presented throughout this document may not add up precisely to the totals provided and percentages may not precisely reflect the absolute figures.
Use of estimates
The preparation of Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
The use of estimates is or could be a significant factor affecting the reported carrying values of flight equipment, intangible assets, investment in finance leases, net, investments, trade receivables, notes receivables, deferred tax assets, income tax accruals and maintenance liabilities. Actual results may differ from our estimates under different conditions, sometimes materially.

13

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
2. Basis of presentation (Continued)
Reportable segments
We manage our business and analyze and report our results of operations on the basis of one business segment: leasing, financing, sales and management of commercial flight equipment.
3. Summary of significant accounting policies
Recent accounting standards adopted during the year ended December 31, 2022:
Reference Rate Reform
In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting (“Topic 848”). Topic 848 provided temporary optional expedients and exceptions to the U.S. GAAP guidance on contract modifications and hedge accounting to reduce the financial reporting burden in light of the market transition from London Interbank Offered Rates (“LIBOR”) and other reference interest rates to alternative reference rates. During the fourth quarter of 2022, we adopted Topic 848 (effective October 1, 2022). The adoption did not have a material impact on our financial statements.
We had certain debt instruments, derivative contracts, and leases that referenced LIBOR. LIBOR was a benchmark interest rate calculated based on information contributed by a panel of large international banks. LIBOR’s administrator announced in March 2021 that it intended to stop publishing the Overnight, one-month, three-month, six-month and 12-month U.S. dollar LIBOR settings after June 30, 2023. In April 2023, the FCA announced that the one-month, three-month and six-month US Dollar LIBOR tenors will continue to be published in synthetic form until September 2024, at which point these LIBOR tenors will cease. In anticipation of that cessation, we commenced the transition of our LIBOR-based instruments, contracts and leases to Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR” or “Term SOFR”) in October 2022. The transition of our LIBOR-based instruments was completed in October 2023.
Topic 848 provides several optional expedients that permit an entity not to apply otherwise applicable U.S. GAAP to contracts or transactions modified or otherwise affected due to reference rate reform, provided the conditions for the respective expedients are met. Before we commenced the transition of these instruments, contracts and leases to reference SOFR instead of LIBOR, we applied optional expedients under Topic 848. When we modified those agreements, we applied optional expedients that allowed us to (a) account for the contract modifications as continuations of the existing contracts without further accounting assessment that might otherwise be required and (b) continue cash flow hedging relationships without dedesignation when changes are made to hedge documentation, contractual terms of the hedging instrument or forecasted transaction, hedged risk, and effectiveness assessment method.
As of September 30, 2023, we had $8.6 billion floating rate debt outstanding, all of which was linked to a SOFR index. As of September 30, 2023, we had approximately $6.0 billion notional amount of floating rate derivatives outstanding linked to a SOFR index and $200 million notional amount of floating rate derivatives outstanding linked to three-month U.S. dollar LIBOR. The transition of our LIBOR-based instruments was completed in October 2023.
In December 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-06, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Deferral of the Sunset Date of Topic 848, which extends the sunset date of Topic 848 from December 31, 2022 to December 31, 2024, after which entities will no longer be permitted to apply the optional expedients in Topic 848. The adoption of ASU 2022-06, which was effective upon issuance, has not and is not expected to have a material impact on our financial statements.
14

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
4. Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Our restricted cash balance was $191.4 million and $159.6 million as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, and was primarily related to our Export Credit Agency (“ECA”) financings and Export-Import Bank of the United States (“Ex-Im”) financings, our AerFunding revolving credit facility, our Brazilian Development Bank (“BNDES”) financing and other debt. See Note 14—Debt.
The following is a summary of our cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash as of September 30, 2023, December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022:
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022September 30, 2022
Cash and cash equivalents$2,415,297 $1,597,147 $1,098,542 
Restricted cash191,367 159,623 158,174 
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$2,606,664 $1,756,770 $1,256,716 
5. Flight equipment held for operating leases, net
Movements in flight equipment held for operating leases during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:
Nine Months Ended September 30,
20232022
Net book value at beginning of period$55,220,809 $57,825,056 
Additions4,555,169 2,789,138 
Depreciation(1,823,425)(1,773,155)
Disposals and transfers to held for sale(1,505,220)(833,785)
Transfers from/to investment in finance leases, net/inventory(183,835)(192,582)
Write-offs and impairments (Note 18 and 19)(26,232)(3,203,604)
Net book value at end of period$56,237,266 $54,611,068 
Accumulated depreciation and impairment as of September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively:$(13,268,955)$(12,149,996)
6. Investment in finance leases, net
Components of investment in finance leases, net as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were as follows:
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Future minimum lease payments to be received, net$1,252,881 $1,299,724 
Estimated residual values of leased flight equipment
600,114 630,538 
Less: Unearned income(506,860)(551,165)
Less: Allowance for credit losses (Note 21)(8,982)(23,025)
$1,337,153 $1,356,072 
During the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, we recognized interest income from investment in finance leases, net of $25.6 million and $34.8 million, respectively, included in basic lease rents. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, we recognized interest income from investment in finance leases, net of $76.7 million and $105.6 million, respectively, included in basic lease rents.
15

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
7. Flight equipment held for sale
As of September 30, 2023, flight equipment with a total net book value of $420.6 million met the held for sale criteria and was classified as flight equipment held for sale in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. Aggregate maintenance and security deposit amounts received from the lessees of approximately $15.2 million will be assumed by the buyers of these aircraft upon consummation of the individual sales transactions.
As of December 31, 2022, flight equipment with a total net book value of $292.8 million met the held for sale criteria and was classified as flight equipment held for sale in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.
8. Intangibles
Maintenance rights and lease premium, net
Maintenance rights and lease premium, net consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Maintenance rights$2,175,887 $2,540,286 
Lease premium, net676,653 824,167 
$2,852,540 $3,364,453 
Movements in maintenance rights during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:
Nine Months Ended September 30,
20232022
Maintenance rights at beginning of period
$2,540,286 $3,292,007 
EOL and MR contract maintenance rights expense
(189,488)(205,722)(a)
MR contract maintenance rights write-off due to maintenance liability release
(16,498)(247,636)(a)
EOL contract maintenance rights write-off due to cash received
(80,595)(93,324)
EOL and MR contract maintenance rights write-off due to sale of aircraft(77,818)(43,144)
Maintenance rights at end of period
$2,175,887 $2,702,181 
(a)EOL and MR contract maintenance rights expense and MR contract maintenance rights write-off due to maintenance liability release for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 included amounts related to the Ukraine Conflict. Refer to Note 18—Net charges related to Ukraine Conflict for further details.
The following tables present details of lease premium assets and related accumulated amortization as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
September 30, 2023
Gross carrying amountAccumulated
amortization		Net carrying amount
Lease premium$1,013,798 $(337,145)$676,653 
December 31, 2022
Gross carrying amountAccumulated
amortization		Net carrying amount
Lease premium$1,044,915 $(220,748)$824,167 
Lease premium assets that are fully amortized are removed from the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization columns in the tables above.
16

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
8. Intangibles (Continued)
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recorded amortization expense for lease premium assets of $44.0 million and $134.4 million, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recorded amortization expense for lease premium assets of $54.6 million and $172.9 million, respectively.
Other intangibles
Other intangibles consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Customer relationships, net$161,353 $177,235 
Other intangible assets7,135 7,975 
$168,488 $185,210 
The following tables present details of customer relationships and related accumulated amortization as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
September 30, 2023
Gross carrying amountAccumulated
amortization		Net carrying amount
Customer relationships$360,000 $(198,647)$161,353 
December 31, 2022
Gross carrying amountAccumulated
amortization		Net carrying amount
Customer relationships$360,000 $(182,765)$177,235 
During the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, we recorded amortization expense for customer relationships of $5.3 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, we recorded amortization expense for customer relationships of $15.9 million.
9. Associated companies
As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, associated companies accounted for under the equity method of accounting consisted of the following:
% Ownership as of September 30, 2023
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Shannon Engine Support 50.0$741,134 $634,701 
AerDragon Aviation Partners Limited and its Subsidiaries
      (“AerDragon”)
16.789,442 88,240 
Other
5.7-39.3
81,192 88,278 
$911,768 $811,219 
17

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
10. Other assets
Other assets consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Straight-line rents, prepaid expenses and other$708,619 $715,751 
Notes receivable, net of allowance for credit losses (a) (b)654,863 486,223 
Loans receivable, net of allowance for credit losses (c) 435,631 351,357 
Derivative assets (Note 11)244,463 211,993 
Lease incentives155,841 163,683 
Investments99,456 62,519 
Inventory76,817 55,868 
Operating lease right of use assets, net60,719 81,952 
Other receivables, net 450,641 461,093 
$2,887,050 $2,590,439 
(a)Notes receivable as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 included $644 million and $459 million, respectively, related to agreements we have executed with customers to reschedule certain lease payments under our leases that are due at the reporting dates. Notes receivable as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 also included $11 million and $27 million, respectively, related to aircraft sale and other transactions.
(b)As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had $25 million and $111 million, respectively, allowance for credit losses on notes receivable. Refer to Note 21—Allowance for credit losses for further details.
(c)As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had $1 million and $4 million, respectively, allowance for credit losses on loans receivable. Refer to Note 21—Allowance for credit losses for further details. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, we recognized interest income from loans receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $23 million and $19 million, respectively, included in other income.
Azul Restructuring
We participated in the Azul S.A. (“Azul”) restructuring completed on September 29, 2023, which included the exchange of certain notes receivable with a net carrying value of $156 million (the “Existing Notes”) held by us and the granting of certain modifications related to our operating leases with Azul (the “Azul Restructuring”).
In exchange for the Existing Notes, which were due at various dates between 2023 and 2032, we received new notes (“New Notes”) from Azul which are due at various dates between July 2024 and July 2030. In addition, certain of the New Notes may be settled, at Azul’s option, in cash or by the issuance of Azul publicly listed preference shares. The New Notes were initially recognized at an aggregate estimated fair value. No gain or loss was recognized on the exchange of the Existing Notes for the New Notes.
In connection with the modifications granted, which included modifications of both lease rental and lease term, we recognized deferred revenue included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The deferred revenue amount is recognized on a straight-line basis in accordance with our lease revenue recognition policies. Refer to Note 12—Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities for further details.
18

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
11. Derivative financial instruments
We have entered into interest rate derivatives to hedge the current and future interest rate payments on our variable rate debt. These derivative financial instruments can include interest rate swaps, caps, floors, treasury locks, options and forward contracts.
As of September 30, 2023, we had interest rate caps and swaps outstanding, with underlying variable benchmark interest rates of daily SOFR, Term SOFR or three-month U.S. dollar LIBOR, as applicable.
We completed the transition of our derivative instruments from LIBOR to Term SOFR in October 2023. We applied an optional expedient under Topic 848 that allowed us to account for the contract modifications as a continuation of the existing contracts, and to continue cash flow hedging relationships without dedesignation.
Some of our agreements with derivative counterparties require a two-way cash collateralization of derivative fair values. As of September 30, 2023, and December 31, 2022, we had cash collateral of $2.7 million and $4.6 million, respectively, from various counterparties and the obligation to return such collateral was recorded in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities. We had not advanced any cash collateral to counterparties as of September 30, 2023 or December 31, 2022.
The counterparties to our interest rate derivatives are primarily major international financial institutions. We continually monitor our positions and the credit ratings of the counterparties involved and limit the amount of credit exposure to any one party. We could be exposed to potential losses due to the credit risk of non-performance by these counterparties. We have not experienced any material losses to date.
Our derivative assets are recorded in other assets and our derivative liabilities are recorded in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The following tables present notional amounts and fair values of derivatives outstanding as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Notional amount (a)Fair valueNotional amount (a)Fair value
Derivative assets not designated as accounting cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts$1,427,500 $59,155 $1,727,500 $76,639 
Derivative assets designated as accounting cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts$4,725,000 $185,308 $3,641,000 $135,354 
Total derivative assets$244,463 $211,993 
(a)The notional amount is excluded for interest rate contracts which are not yet effective.

September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Notional amount (a)Fair valueNotional amount (a)Fair value
Derivative liabilities designated as accounting cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts$— $193 $— $— 
Total derivative liabilities$193 $— 
(a)The notional amount is excluded for interest rate contracts which are not yet effective.

19

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
11. Derivative financial instruments (Continued)
We recorded the following in other comprehensive gain or loss related to derivative financial instruments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:

Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023202220232022
Gain
Effective portion of change in fair market value of derivatives designated as accounting cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts$30,819 $80,991 $51,672 $172,663 
Derivative premium and amortization1,384 1,812 7,366 4,153 
Income tax effect(4,813)(10,350)(9,030)(22,102)
Net gain on derivatives, net of tax$27,390 $72,453 $50,008 $154,714 
We expect to reclassify approximately $100 million from accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) as a reduction in interest expense in our Condensed Consolidated Income Statements over the next 12 months.
The following table presents the effect of derivatives recorded in interest expense in our Condensed Consolidated Income Statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023202220232022
Gain
Derivatives not designated as accounting hedges:
Interest rate contracts$(6,727)$27,617 $(17,484)$66,926 
Reclassification to Condensed Consolidated Income Statements:
Reclassification of amounts previously recorded within AOCI30,129 (2,592)77,134 (32,664)
Gain recognized in interest expense$23,402 $25,025 $59,650 $34,262 

20

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
12. Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities consisted of the following as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Deferred revenue$720,350 (a)$547,662 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses430,001 475,166 
Accrued interest376,030 336,910 
Operating lease liabilities91,666 135,215 
Derivative liabilities (Note 11)193 — 
$1,618,240 $1,494,953 
(a)In September 2023, deferred revenue increased by $124 million due to the Azul Restructuring. Refer to Note 10—Other assets for further details.
13. Accrued maintenance liability
Movements in accrued maintenance liability during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:
Nine Months Ended September 30,
20232022
Accrued maintenance liability at beginning of period$2,503,202 $2,900,651 
Maintenance payments received600,664 574,856 
Maintenance payments returned(150,224)(220,602)
Release to income upon sale(74,264)(56,360)
Release to income other than upon sale(164,193)(718,004)(a)
Lessor contribution, top-ups and other5,439 (74,546)(a)
Accrued maintenance liability at end of period$2,720,624 $2,405,995 
(a)Accrued maintenance liability released to income other than upon sale and lessor contribution, top-ups and other for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 included amounts related to the Ukraine Conflict. Refer to Note 18—Net charges related to Ukraine Conflict for further details.
21

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
14. Debt
As of September 30, 2023, the principal amount of our outstanding indebtedness totaled $47.8 billion, which excluded debt issuance costs, debt discounts and debt premium of $275 million, and our undrawn lines of credit were $11.8 billion, availability of which is subject to certain conditions, including compliance with certain financial covenants. As of September 30, 2023, we remained in compliance with the financial covenants across our various debt obligations.
The following table provides a summary of our indebtedness as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Debt obligationCollateral (number of aircraft and helicopters)CommitmentUndrawn amountsAmount outstandingWeighted average interest rate (a)MaturityAmount outstanding
Unsecured
AerCap Trust (b) & AICDC (c)
    Notes
$33,100,000 $— $33,100,000 3.25 %2041$32,700,000 
Revolving credit facilities (d)9,300,000 9,275,000 25,000 6.92 %2027— 
Other unsecured debt2,855,000 — 2,855,000 6.82 %20282,010,500 
TOTAL UNSECURED$45,255,000 $9,275,000 $35,980,000 $34,710,500 
Secured
Export credit facilities (e)38 1,067,182 — 1,067,182 2.49 %20351,058,269 
Institutional secured term loans
   & secured portfolio loans
222 8,153,373 1,176,500 6,976,873 6.10 %20327,499,339 
AerFunding Revolving Credit
    Facility
39 2,075,000 1,016,597 1,058,403 7.38 %2027717,558 
Other secured debt (f)14 729,843 295,569 434,275 5.71 %2041537,232 
Fair value adjustment— — 1,214 1,778 
TOTAL SECURED$12,025,398 $2,488,666 $9,537,947 $9,814,176 
Subordinated
Subordinated Notes
2,250,000 — 2,250,000 6.65 %20792,250,000 
Subordinated debt issued by VIEs
— — — — — 27,219 
Fair value adjustment— — — (212)
TOTAL SUBORDINATED$2,250,000 $— $2,250,000 $2,277,007 
Debt issuance costs, debt discounts and debt premium
(275,138)(268,723)
313 $59,530,398 $11,763,666 $47,492,809 $46,532,960 
(a)The weighted average interest rate for our floating rate debt of $9.6 billion is calculated based on the applicable U.S. dollar SOFR rate, as applicable, as of the most recent interest payment date of the respective debt, and excludes the impact of related derivative financial instruments which we hold to hedge our exposure to floating interest rates, as well as any amortization of debt issuance costs, debt discounts and debt premium. The institutional secured term loans and secured portfolio loans also contain base rate interest alternatives.
(b)AerCap Global Aviation Trust, a Delaware Statutory Trust (“AerCap Trust”).
(c)AerCap Ireland Capital Designated Activity Company, a designated activity company with limited liability incorporated under the laws of Ireland (“AICDC”).
(d)Asia Revolver and Citi Revolvers (the “Revolving credit facilities”).
(e)An additional $0.7 billion of commitment has been approved by the Export Credit Agencies, subject to customary conditions at drawdown.
(f)In addition to the 14 aircraft, 74 engines are pledged as collateral.

22

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
14. Debt (Continued)
Additional details of the principal terms of our indebtedness can be found in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on March 2, 2023. The material changes to our indebtedness since the filing of that report, except for scheduled repayments, are described below.
Revolving credit facilities
In March 2014, AICDC entered into a senior unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Citi Revolver I”) which was subsequently upsized and amended. In February 2023, AICDC extended the Citi Revolver I, extending its maturity to February 2027.
In March 2021, AerCap and AICDC entered into a $4.35 billion unsecured revolving credit agreement (the “Citi Revolver II”). In 2021, the Citi Revolver I was amended such that the terms of both the Citi Revolver I and the Citi Revolver II are the same (the “Citi Revolvers”). In February 2023, the terms of the Citi Revolvers were amended to replace LIBOR with Term SOFR as the relevant reference rate.
Secured portfolio loans
In March 2023, we entered into a $900 million secured facility agreement with a syndicate of lenders and Crédit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank, as administrative agent, and a maturity of November 2030.
AerCap Trust and AICDC Notes
In February 2023, AerCap Trust and AICDC completed the redemption of all $600 million outstanding aggregate principal amount of their 4.125% Senior Notes due 2023.
In June 2023, AerCap Trust and AICDC co-issued $1.0 billion aggregate principal amount of 5.75% senior unsecured notes due 2028.
In June 2023, AerCap Trust and AICDC redeemed $1.0 billion aggregate principal amount of their then-outstanding $1.25 billion aggregate principal amount of 4.50% Senior Notes due 2023.
In September 2023, AerCap Trust and AICDC co-issued $900 million aggregate principal amount of 6.10% senior unsecured notes due 2027 and $850 million aggregate principal amount of 6.15% senior unsecured notes due 2030.
15. Income taxes
Our effective tax rate was 9.4% and 11.5% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and 13.9% and 11.2% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recorded approximately $84 million of income tax expense due to the recognition of net recoveries related to the Ukraine Conflict and approximately $44 million of income tax benefit due to a discrete tax item related to the release of a deferred tax liability. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recorded approximately $339 million of income tax benefit due to the recognition of net charges related to the Ukraine Conflict. See Note 18—Net charges related to Ukraine Conflict.
Excluding these items, our effective rate for the full year 2023 is expected to be 14.0%. The effective tax rate is impacted by the source and amount of earnings among our various tax jurisdictions, permanent tax differences relative to pre-tax income or loss, and certain other discrete items. Our effective tax rate in any period can be impacted by revisions to the estimated full year rate.
23

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
16. Equity
The following table presents our share repurchase programs approved by our Board of Directors from January 1, 2023 through September 30, 2023:
Program approval dateProgram end dateAuthorized amountProgram completion date
March 2023September 30, 2023$500,000 March 13, 2023
April 2023September 30, 2023500,000 September 14, 2023
July 2023December 31, 2023500,000 September 14, 2023
September 2023December 31, 2023650,000 Not yet completed
On March 13, 2023, we announced the completion of an underwritten secondary offering (the “March Secondary Offering”) of 23,000,000 AerCap ordinary shares by General Electric (“GE”) at a price to the public of $58.50 per ordinary share. Concurrent with the March Secondary Offering, we repurchased an aggregate of 8,788,890 of our ordinary shares from GE under our share repurchase program at a price of $56.89 per ordinary share.
On September 14, 2023, we announced the completion of an underwritten secondary offering (the “September Secondary Offering”) of 46,782,000 AerCap ordinary shares by GE at a price to the public of $59.00 per ordinary share. As part of the September Secondary Offering, we repurchased an aggregate of 17,543,250 of our ordinary shares from GE under our share repurchase programs at a price of $57.53 per ordinary share.
During the three months ended September 30, 2023, we repurchased an aggregate of 20,125,658, of our ordinary shares under our share repurchase programs at an average price of $58.25 per ordinary share, including the repurchase of 18,100,076 of our ordinary shares from GE. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we repurchased an aggregate of 33,972,440 of our ordinary shares under our share repurchase programs at an average price of $57.94 per ordinary share, including the repurchase of 28,401,892 of our ordinary shares from GE.
As of September 30, 2023, GE held approximately 14.5% of our issued and outstanding ordinary shares.
During the three months ended September 30, 2023, we cancelled 14,803,606 ordinary shares which were acquired through the share repurchase programs in accordance with authorizations obtained from the Company’s shareholders.
Between October 1, 2023 and October 24, 2023, we repurchased an aggregate of 1,696,636 of our ordinary shares under our share repurchase program at an average price of $59.76 per ordinary share.
17. Other income
Other income consisted of the following for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, and 2022:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023202220232022
Interest and other income$52,789 $24,165 $115,861 $82,815 
Management fees8,092 8,631 25,574 29,007 
Proceeds from unsecured claims— 29,385 2,913 68,737 
$60,881 $62,181 $144,348 $180,559 
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recognized $29 million and $69 million, respectively, of proceeds from unsecured claims in other income primarily related to LATAM and Aeromexico.
24

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
18. Net charges related to Ukraine Conflict
On February 24, 2022, Russia launched a large-scale military invasion of Ukraine and has since been engaged in a broad military conflict with Ukraine (the “Ukraine Conflict”). In response to the Ukraine Conflict and ongoing related hostilities, the United States, the European Union, the United Kingdom and other countries have imposed broad, far-reaching sanctions against Russia, certain Russian persons and certain activities involving Russia or Russian persons (the “Sanctions”).
In compliance with all applicable sanctions in March 2022, we terminated the leasing of all of our aircraft and engines with Russian airlines. These terminations have resulted in reduced revenues and operating cash flows.
The Ukraine Conflict, the Sanctions and the actions of our former Russian lessees and the Russian government together have represented an unusual and infrequent event and therefore the related net charges are classified separately on our Condensed Consolidated Income Statements. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, we recognized a pre-tax net charge of $2.7 billion to our earnings, comprised of write-offs and impairments of flight equipment, which were partially offset by the derecognition of lease-related assets and liabilities (including maintenance rights and lease premium intangible assets, maintenance liabilities, security deposits and other balances) and the collection of letter of credit proceeds. We recognized a total loss write-off with respect to our assets that remain in Russia and Ukraine, and impairment losses with respect to the assets we have recovered from Russian and Ukrainian airlines.
We are pursuing claims in the London Commercial Court with respect to our assets that remain in Russia against the insurers under our contingent and possessed insurance policy (“C&P Policy”) and against the reinsurers under our former Russian lessees’ reinsurance policies. We are also pursuing claims in the London Commercial Court under the airlines’ insurance and reinsurance policies for the loss of two aircraft which have remained in Ukraine since February 2022. Refer to Note 25—Commitments and Contingencies for further details on these legal proceedings.
We have also submitted claims to the Russian insurers of our former Russian lessees for our aircraft and engines lost in Russia. In September 2023, we received cash insurance settlement proceeds of $646 million pursuant to insurance settlements with two Russian airlines and their Russian insurer in respect of 17 aircraft and five spare engines lost in Russia. We have recognized these insurance proceeds as recoveries related to the Ukraine Conflict for the three months ended September 30, 2023. Insurance settlement discussions are ongoing with respect to our claims under the insurance policies of several other Russian airlines. However, it is uncertain whether any of these discussions will result in any insurance settlement or receipt of insurance settlement proceeds and, if so, in what amount. In particular, it remains uncertain whether the necessary approvals and funding to complete any such further insurance settlements can be obtained.
We intend to continue to vigorously pursue all insurance claims in respect of the assets which remain in Russia and in Ukraine. However, the collection, timing and amount of any potential recoveries under our C&P Policy and the respective airlines’ insurance and reinsurance policies are uncertain and we have not recognized any claim receivables as of September 30, 2023.
Net (recoveries) charges related to Ukraine Conflict consisted of the following for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023202220232022
(U.S. Dollars in millions)
(Recoveries) write-offs and impairments of flight
   equipment		$— $(16)$(15)$3,160 
Insurance proceeds received(646)— (646)— 
Derecognition of lease-related assets and liabilities— — — (237)
Letters of credit receipts and other collections— — (13)(210)
Net (recoveries) charges related to Ukraine Conflict$(646)(16)$(674)$2,713 

25

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
19. Asset impairment
Our long-lived assets include flight equipment held for operating lease and definite-lived intangible assets. We test long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of the assets may not be recoverable. We perform event-driven impairment assessments of our flight equipment held for operating lease each quarter.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized impairment charges of $0.1 million and $36.5 million, respectively, primarily related to sales transactions or lease terminations. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recognized impairment charges of $29.2 million and $43.5 million, respectively, related to sales transactions, lease amendments where we retained maintenance related balances or lease terminations.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the impairment charges were partially offset by maintenance revenue recognized when we retained maintenance-related balances or received EOL compensation. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the impairment charges were partially offset by maintenance revenue recognized when we retained maintenance-related balances or received EOL compensation.
During the three months ended March 31, 2022, we also recognized write-offs and impairments of flight equipment of $3.2 billion related to the Ukraine Conflict. Please refer to Note 18—Net charges related to Ukraine Conflict.
20. Selling, general and administrative expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses consisted of the following for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023202220232022
Personnel expenses$50,529 $46,567 $154,370 $136,429 
Share-based compensation21,410 24,847 70,079 79,228 
Professional services10,748 8,743 29,751 25,310 
Travel expenses7,782 6,456 30,431 17,077 
Office expenses5,911 5,054 17,681 18,121 
Other expenses15,528 13,652 39,937 31,501 
$111,908 $105,319 $342,249 $307,666 
26

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)

21. Allowance for credit losses
Movements in the allowance for credit losses during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:
Nine Months Ended September 30,
20232022
Investment in finance leasesNotes receivable Loans receivable Total Total
Allowance for credit losses at beginning of period$23,025 $110,938 $3,898 $137,861 $117,547 
Current period (decrease) increase in provision for expected credit losses(14,043)21,815 (2,738)5,034 80,229 
Write-offs charged against the allowance— (107,996)— (107,996)(89,378)
Allowance for credit losses at end of period$8,982 $24,757 $1,160 $34,899 $108,398 
During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we increased our credit provision by $5 million and recognized write-offs charged against the allowance of $108 million, with respect to two of our lessees.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we increased our credit provision, classified in Net charges related to Ukraine Conflict and leasing expenses by $80 million, primarily reflecting the losses due to the Ukraine Conflict and a specific provision with respect to one of our lessees.

27

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
22. Earnings per share
Basic Earnings Per Share (“EPS”) is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average of our ordinary shares outstanding, which excludes 4,233,182 and 4,837,932 shares of unvested restricted stock as of September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. In general, for the calculation of diluted EPS, the weighted average of our ordinary shares outstanding for basic EPS is adjusted by the effect of dilutive securities provided under our equity compensation plans. No shares were excluded from diluted shares outstanding for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and 413,149 were excluded from diluted shares outstanding for the three months ended September 30, 2022. Due to the reported loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, basic EPS is not adjusted by the effect of dilutive securities. The number of shares under our equity compensation plans which could dilute EPS in the future was 3,111,026 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.
The computation of basic and diluted EPS for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023202220232022
Net income (loss) for the computation of basic EPS$1,105,254 $439,956 $2,030,253 $(1,221,048)
Weighted average ordinary shares outstanding—basic
224,239,197 240,849,074 231,586,646 240,291,737 
Basic EPS$4.93 $1.83 $8.77 $(5.08)
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023202220232022
Net income (loss) for the computation of diluted EPS$1,105,254 $439,956 $2,030,253 $(1,221,048)
Weighted average ordinary shares outstanding—diluted
227,379,759 242,364,744 234,818,115 240,291,737 
Diluted EPS$4.86 $1.82 $8.65 $(5.08)
The computations of ordinary shares outstanding, excluding shares of unvested restricted stock, as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were as follows:
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Number of ordinary shares
Ordinary shares issued235,543,739 250,347,345 
Treasury shares(23,163,904)(4,416,070)
Ordinary shares outstanding212,379,835 245,931,275 
Shares of unvested restricted stock(4,233,182)(4,837,602)
Ordinary shares outstanding, excluding shares of unvested restricted stock208,146,653 241,093,673 
28

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)

23. Variable interest entities
We use many forms of entities to achieve our leasing and financing business objectives and we have participated to varying degrees in the design and formation of these entities. Our involvement in VIEs varies and includes being a passive investor in the VIE with involvement from other parties, managing and structuring all of the VIE’s activities, or being the sole shareholder of the VIE.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we did not provide any financial support to any of our VIEs that we were not contractually obligated to provide.
Consolidated VIEs
As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, substantially all assets and liabilities presented in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets were held in consolidated VIEs.
We have determined that we are the PB of these entities because we control and manage all aspects of these entities, including directing the activities that most significantly affect the entities’ economic performance, absorb the majority of the risks and rewards of these entities and guarantee the activities of these entities.
The assets of our consolidated VIEs that can only be used to settle obligations of these entities, and the liabilities of these VIEs for which creditors do not have recourse to our general credit, are disclosed in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets under Supplemental balance sheet information. Further details of debt held by our consolidated VIEs are disclosed in Note 14—Debt.
Wholly-owned ECA and Ex-Im financing vehicles
We have created certain wholly-owned subsidiaries for the purpose of purchasing flight equipment and obtaining financing secured by such flight equipment. The secured debt is guaranteed by the European ECAs and the Export-Import Bank of the United States. These entities meet the definition of a VIE because they do not have sufficient equity to operate without subordinated financial support from us in the form of intercompany notes.
Other secured financings
We have created a number of wholly-owned subsidiaries for the purpose of obtaining secured financings. These entities meet the definition of a VIE because they do not have sufficient equity to operate without subordinated financial support from us in the form of intercompany notes.
Wholly-owned leasing entities
We have created wholly-owned subsidiaries for the purpose of facilitating aircraft leases with airlines. These entities meet the definition of a VIE because they do not have sufficient equity to operate without subordinated financial support from us in the form of intercompany notes, which serve as equity.
Limited recourse financing structures
We have established entities to obtain secured financings for the purchase of aircraft in which we have variable interests. These entities meet the definition of a VIE because they do not have sufficient equity to operate without subordinated financial support from us in the form of intercompany notes. The loans of these entities are non-recourse to us except under limited circumstances. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we completed the sale of our variable interests in certain entities to our joint venture partner. As of September 30, 2023, we had no remaining subordinated debt issued by VIEs.
AerFunding
We hold a 5% equity investment and 100% of the subordinated notes (“AerFunding Class E-1 Notes”) in AerFunding.
As of September 30, 2023, AerFunding had $1.1 billion outstanding under a secured revolving credit facility and $2.0 billion of AerFunding Class E-1 Notes outstanding due to us.
29

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
23. Variable interest entities (Continued)
Non-consolidated VIEs
Non-consolidated VIEs are investments in which we have determined that we do not have control and are not the PB. We do have significant influence and, accordingly, we account for our investments in non-consolidated VIEs under the equity method of accounting.
The following table presents our maximum exposure to loss in non-consolidated VIEs as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Carrying value of debt and equity investments
$117,952 $118,403 
The maximum exposure to loss represents the amount that would be absorbed by us in the event that all of our assets held in the VIEs, for which we are not the PB, had no value.
Other variable interest entities
We have variable interests in other entities in which we have determined we are not the PB because we do not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly affect the entities’ economic performance.
30

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
24. Related party transactions
GE
AerCap completed the acquisition of GE Capital Aviation Services (“GECAS”) from GE (“the GECAS Transaction”) on November 1, 2021 (the “Closing Date”). Immediately following the completion of the GECAS Transaction, GE held approximately 46% of AerCap’s issued and outstanding ordinary shares. Consequently, GE became a related party on the Closing Date of the GECAS Transaction. We may purchase, sell or lease flight equipment from/to GE.
During the three months ended September 30, 2023, we repurchased an aggregate of 18,100,076 of our ordinary shares from GE for $1.0 billion, at an average price of $57.71 per ordinary share. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we repurchased an aggregate of 28,401,892 of our ordinary shares from GE for $1.6 billion, at an average price of $57.52 per ordinary share. Refer to Note 16—Equity for further details.
As of September 30, 2023, GE held approximately 14.5% of our issued and outstanding ordinary shares.
The following table presents amounts recognized in respect of our purchases, sales and leasing of flight equipment from/to GE for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023202220232022
(U.S. Dollars in millions)
Rental income from engines on lease to GE$39 $33 $118 $99 
Purchases from GE74 98 193 114 
Sales to GE5 8 29 19 
As of September 30, 2023, AerCap had an outstanding payable balance of $5 million and a receivable balance of $2 million with GE. As of December 31, 2022, AerCap had an outstanding payable balance of $9 million with GE.
Equity Method Investments
SES
SES is a 50% joint venture and is considered a related party. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized lease rental income from SES of $31 million and $93 million, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recognized lease rental income from SES of $18 million and $53 million, respectively.
Other related parties
The following table presents amounts received from other related parties as detailed in Note 9—Associated companies for management fees and dividends for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
2023202220232022
Management fees and other$1,911 $2,622 $8,455 $11,812 
Dividends620 — 7,478 26,010 
$2,531 $2,622 $15,933 $37,822 

31

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
25. Commitments and contingencies
Flight equipment on order
As of September 30, 2023, we had commitments to purchase 380 new aircraft scheduled for delivery through 2028. These commitments are based upon purchase agreements with Boeing, Airbus and Embraer S.A. (“Embraer”). These agreements establish the pricing formulas (including adjustments for certain contractual escalation provisions) and various other terms with respect to the purchase of aircraft. Under certain circumstances, we have the right to alter the mix of aircraft types ultimately acquired. As of September 30, 2023, we also had commitments to purchase 11 engines for delivery through 2024 and 12 new helicopters for delivery through 2025.
Prepayments on flight equipment include prepayments of our forward order flight equipment and other balances held by the flight equipment manufacturers. Movements in prepayments on flight equipment during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:
Nine Months Ended September 30,
20232022
Prepayments on flight equipment at beginning of period$3,806,602 $4,586,848 
Prepayments and additions during the period, net1,305,419 549,143 
Interest paid and capitalized during the period93,634 72,857 
Prepayments and capitalized interest applied to the purchase of flight equipment(1,322,253)(493,240)
Prepayments on flight equipment at end of period$3,883,402 $4,715,608 

32

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
25. Commitments and contingencies (Continued)
Legal proceedings
General
In the ordinary course of our business, we are a party to various legal actions, which we believe are incidental to the operations of our business. The Company regularly reviews the possible outcome of such legal actions, and accrues for such legal actions at the time a loss is probable and the amount of the loss can be estimated. In addition, the Company also reviews indemnities and insurance coverage, where applicable. Based on information currently available, we believe the potential outcome of those cases where we are able to estimate reasonably possible losses, and our estimate of the reasonably possible losses exceeding amounts already recognized, on an aggregated basis, is immaterial to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Contingent and Possessed Insurance Policy Litigation
On June 9, 2022, AerCap Ireland Limited (“AerCap Ireland”) (as representative claimant on its own behalf and on behalf of all other insureds under its contingent and possessed insurance policy (the C&P Policy)) commenced a claim in the Commercial Court in London, England (i) in the amount of approximately $3.5 billion against AIG Europe S.A. (on its own behalf and on behalf of all underwriters subscribing to the Aircraft Hull and Spares and Equipment Coverage section of the C&P Policy) and (ii) in the alternative, in the amount of $1.2 billion against Lloyds Insurance Company S.A. (on its own behalf and on behalf of all underwriters subscribing to the Aviation “War and Allied Perils” Coverage section of the C&P Policy). This claim currently covers 113 aircraft and 23 spare engines owned by AerCap Ireland and its affiliates (including spare engines owned and managed by a related party) and three managed aircraft, all lost in Russia. Fidelis Insurance Ireland DAC, Swiss Re International SE and Chubb European Group SE have each been joined as a defendant to the action since January 2023 and are no longer represented by AIG Europe S.A. or Lloyds Insurance Company S.A for their respective interests under the C&P Policy. The trial is scheduled to commence in October 2024. The C&P Policy claim will be amended in due course to reflect the impact of recoveries pursuant to insurance settlements completed with two Russian airlines and their Russian insurer in September 2023.
In parallel to the C&P Policy claim, during the quarter ended June 30, 2023, AerCap Ireland and certain affiliates of AerCap Ireland commenced claims in the Commercial Court in London, England against various reinsurers under reinsurances policies of the Russian airlines’ insurance policies (the “Operator Reinsurance Policies”) in respect of the aircraft and engines which remain in Russia. In September 2023, two of those claims were terminated following completion of insurance settlements with two Russian airlines and their Russian insurer. The remaining claims under the Operator Reinsurance Policies currently cover 96 aircraft and nine spare engines owned by AerCap Ireland and its affiliates and two managed aircraft for an aggregate amount of approximately $2.9 billion. The defendants to these remaining Operator Reinsurance Policies claims have challenged the jurisdiction of the English courts and the jurisdictional hearing is currently scheduled to take place in February 2024.
We intend to continue to vigorously pursue our claims under the C&P Policy and the Operator Reinsurance Policies. However, the collection, timing and amount of any potential recoveries are uncertain and we have not recognized any claim receivables as of September 30, 2023.
33

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
25. Commitments and contingencies (Continued)
VASP Litigation
We are party to a group of related cases arising from the leasing of 13 aircraft and three spare engines to Viação Aerea de São Paulo (“VASP”), a Brazilian airline. In 1992, VASP defaulted on its lease obligations and we commenced litigation against VASP to repossess our equipment and obtained a preliminary injunction for the repossession and export of 13 aircraft and three spare engines from VASP. We repossessed and exported the aircraft and engines. VASP appealed and, in 1996, the Appellate Court of the State of São Paulo (“TJSP”) ruled that the aircraft and engines should be returned or that VASP could recover proven damages arising from the repossession.
We have defended this case in the Brazilian courts through various motions and appeals. VASP’s final appeal was denied in November 2022 and the case has been returned to the Superior Court of Justice (“STJ”) for a ruling on the merits of our original appeal of the 1996 TJSP decision. In 2006, VASP commenced a related proceeding to calculate the amount of alleged damages owed under the TJSP’s 1996 judgment. In 2017, the court decided that VASP had suffered no damages even if the TJSP’s 1996 judgment regarding liability were affirmed. On April 20, 2018, VASP appealed this decision. We believe, however, and we have been advised, that it is not probable that VASP will ultimately be able to recover damages from us even if VASP prevails on the issue of liability. The outcome of the legal process is, however, uncertain. The ultimate amount of damages, if any, payable to VASP cannot reasonably be estimated at this time. We continue to actively pursue all courses of action that may reasonably be available to us and intend to defend our position vigorously.
Meanwhile, in 2008, VASP was adjudicated insolvent by a Brazilian bankruptcy court. The bankruptcy court has since allowed claims in favor of the Company in the aggregate amount of $66 million. We have been advised that it is not probable that VASP’s bankruptcy estate will have funds to pay its creditors but our court-approved claims may be used to offset any damages that VASP might be awarded in the Brazilian courts if for any reason we are not successful in defending ourselves against VASP’s claim for damages.
Transbrasil Litigation
We are party to a group of related actions arising from the leasing of various aircraft and engines to Transbrasil S/A Linhas Areas (“Transbrasil”), a now-defunct Brazilian airline. By 1998, Transbrasil had defaulted on various obligations under its leases with AerCap-related companies, along with other leases it had entered into with General Electric Capital Corporation and certain of its affiliates (collectively, the “Lessors”). Subsequently, Transbrasil issued promissory notes (the “Notes”) to the Lessors in connection with restructurings of the leases. Transbrasil defaulted on the Notes and the Lessors individually brought enforcement actions against Transbrasil in 2001.
Transbrasil brought a lawsuit against the Lessors in February 2001 (the “Transbrasil Lawsuit”), claiming that the Notes had in fact been paid at the time the Lessors brought the enforcement actions. In 2010, an appellate court published a judgment (the “2010 Judgment”) ordering the Lessors to pay Transbrasil statutory penalties equal to double the face amount of the Notes (plus interest and monetary adjustments) as well as damages for any losses incurred as a result of the attempts to collect on the Notes (the “Indemnity Claim”). In 2013, the Superior Court of Justice (“STJ”) reversed the 2010 Judgment in most respects as to all of the Lessors. All appeals in respect of the Transbrasil Lawsuit based on the merits of the dispute have now concluded.
However, in July 2011, while the various appeals of the 2010 Judgment were pending, Transbrasil brought, amongst other actions now concluded, an action for provisional enforcement of the Indemnity Claim arising out of the 2010 Judgment. In light of the STJ’s 2013 ruling, (which reversed the 2010 Judgment), the trial court ordered the dismissal of a significant part of the Indemnity Claim. Our appeal regarding the remaining part of the Indemnity Claim remains pending with the TJSP. We believe we have strong arguments to convince the court that Transbrasil is not entitled to any claim under the portion of the Indemnity Claim that remains pending.

34

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)

26. Fair value measurements
The Company determines fair value based on the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. It is our policy to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when developing fair value measurements, in accordance with the fair value hierarchy as described below. Where limited or no observable market data exists, fair value measurements for assets and liabilities are primarily based on management’s own estimates and are calculated based upon the economic and competitive environment, the characteristics of the asset or liability and other such factors. Therefore, the results may not be realized in actual sale or immediate settlement of the asset or liability.
The degree of judgment used in measuring the fair value of a financial and non-financial asset or liability generally correlates with the level of pricing observability. We classify our fair value measurements based on the observability and significance of the inputs used in making the measurement, as provided below:
Level 1 — Quoted prices available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reported date.
Level 2 — Observable market data. Inputs include quoted prices for similar assets, liabilities (risk adjusted) and market-corroborated inputs, such as market comparables, interest rates, yield curves and other items that allow value to be determined.
Level 3 — Unobservable inputs from our own assumptions about market risk developed based on the best information available, subject to cost-benefit analysis. Inputs may include our own data.
Fair value measurements are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to their fair value measurement.
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis
As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, our derivative portfolio consisted of interest rate contracts. The fair value of derivatives is based on dealer quotes for identical instruments. We have also considered the credit rating and risk of the counterparty of the derivative contract based on quantitative and qualitative factors. As such, the valuation of these instruments was classified as Level 2. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we held investments at fair value of $96.5 million and $59.1 million, respectively. The valuation of these investments were primarily classified as Level 1, based on quoted market price.
The following tables present our financial assets and liabilities that we measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
September 30, 2023
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Assets
Derivative assets$244,463 $— $244,463 $— 
Investments, at fair value96,531 85,240 — 11,291 
Liabilities
Derivative liabilities$193 $— $193 $— 
December 31, 2022
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Assets
Derivative assets$211,993 $— $211,993 $— 
Investments, at fair value59,081 39,081 — 20,000 


35

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
26. Fair value measurements (Continued)
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis
We measure the fair value of our flight equipment and certain definite-lived intangible assets on a non-recurring basis, when U.S. GAAP requires the application of fair value, including when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of the assets may not be recoverable.
Additional details of recoverability assessments performed on our flight equipment and certain definite-lived intangible assets are described in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on March 2, 2023.
Management develops the assumptions used in the fair value measurements. Therefore, the fair value measurements of flight equipment and definite-lived intangible assets are classified as Level 3 valuations.
Flight equipment
Inputs to non-recurring fair value measurements categorized as Level 3
We use the income approach to measure the fair value of flight equipment, which is based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. Key inputs to the income statement approach include the discount rate, current contractual lease cash flows, projected future non-contractual lease cash flows, extended to the end of the aircraft’s estimated holding period in its highest and best use, and a contractual or estimated disposition value.
The current contractual lease cash flows are based on the in-force lease rates. The projected future non-contractual lease cash flows are estimated based on the aircraft type, age, and the airframe and engine configuration of the aircraft. The projected non-contractual lease cash flows are applied to follow-on lease terms, which are estimated based on the age of the aircraft at the time of re-lease and are assumed through the estimated holding period of the aircraft. The estimated holding period is the period over which future cash flows are assumed to be generated. Shorter holding periods can result when a potential sale or future disassembly of an aircraft for the sale of its parts (“part-out”) of an individual aircraft has been contracted for, or is likely. In instances of a potential sale or part-out, the holding period is based on the estimated sale or part-out date. The disposition value is generally estimated based on aircraft type. In situations where the aircraft will be disposed of, the disposition value assumed is based on an estimated part-out value or the contracted sale price.
The estimated future cash flows, as described above, are then discounted to present value. The discount rate used is based on the aircraft type and incorporates assumptions market participants would use regarding the likely debt and equity financing components, and the required returns of those financing components.
The significant unobservable inputs utilized in the fair value measurement of flight equipment are the discount rate and the non-contractual cash flows. The discount rate is affected by movements in the aircraft funding markets, including fluctuations in required rates of return in debt and equity, and loan to value ratios. The non-contractual cash flows represent management’s estimate of the non-contractual cash flows over the remaining life of the aircraft. An increase in the discount rate would decrease the fair value measurement of the aircraft, while an increase in the estimated non-contractual cash flows would increase the fair value measurement of the aircraft.
Fair value disclosures of financial instruments
The fair value of restricted cash and cash and cash equivalents approximates their carrying value because of their short-term nature (Level 1). The fair value of our long-term unsecured debt is estimated using quoted market prices for similar or identical instruments, depending on the frequency and volume of activity in the market. The fair value of our long-term secured debt is estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis based on current market interest rates and spreads for debt with similar characteristics (Level 2). Derivatives are recognized in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at their fair value. The fair value of derivatives is based on dealer quotes for identical instruments. We have also considered the credit rating and risk of the counterparties of the derivative contracts based on quantitative and qualitative factors (Level 2).

36

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
26. Fair value measurements (Continued)
As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we held investments at fair value of $96.5 million and $59.1 million, respectively. The valuation of these investments were primarily classified as Level 1, based on quoted market price.
As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, loans receivable carried at amortized cost had estimated fair values of $427.4 million and $329.7 million, respectively, and were classified as Level 3.
As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, notes receivable carried at amortized cost had estimated fair values of $654.9 million and $486.2 million, respectively, and were classified as Level 3.
All of our financial instruments are carried at amortized cost, other than our derivatives and investments which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The carrying amounts and fair values of our most significant financial instruments as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 were as follows:
September 30, 2023
Carrying valueFair valueLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents$2,415,297 $2,415,297 $2,415,297 $— $— 
Restricted cash191,367 191,367 191,367 — — 
Loans receivable 435,631 427,430 — — 427,430 
Notes receivable 654,863 654,863 — — 654,863 
Derivative assets244,463 244,463 — 244,463 — 
Investments, at fair value96,531 96,531 85,240 — 11,291 
$4,038,152 $4,029,951 $2,691,904 $244,463 $1,093,584 
Liabilities
Debt$47,767,947 (a)$44,141,259 $— $44,141,259 $— 
Derivative liabilities193 193 — 193 — 
$47,768,140 $44,141,452 $— $44,141,452 $— 
(a)Excludes debt issuance costs, debt discounts and debt premium.

December 31, 2022
Carrying valueFair valueLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents$1,597,147 $1,597,147 $1,597,147 $— $— 
Restricted cash159,623 159,623 159,623 — — 
Loans receivable 351,357 329,650 — — 329,650 
Notes receivable486,223 486,223 — — 486,223 
Derivative assets211,993 211,993 — 211,993 — 
Investments, at fair value59,081 59,081 39,081 — 20,000 
$2,865,424 $2,843,717 $1,795,851 $211,993 $835,873 
Liabilities
Debt$46,801,683 (a)$42,525,932 $— $42,525,932 $— 
$46,801,683 $42,525,932 $— $42,525,932 $— 
(a)Excludes debt issuance costs, debt discounts and debt premium.
37

AerCap Holdings N.V. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(U.S. Dollars in thousands or as otherwise stated, except share and per share data)
27. Subsequent events
In October 2023, our Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program authorizing total repurchases of up to $500 million of AerCap ordinary shares through March 31, 2024. Repurchases under the program may be made through open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions in accordance with applicable U.S. federal securities laws. The timing of repurchases and the exact number of ordinary shares to be purchased will be determined by the Company's management, in its discretion, and will depend upon market conditions and other factors. The program will be funded using the Company's cash on hand and cash generated from operations. The program may be suspended or discontinued at any time.
38

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
You should read this discussion in conjunction with our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes included in this Interim Report. Our financial statements are presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and are presented in U.S. dollars. Due to rounding, numbers presented throughout this document may not add up precisely to the totals provided and percentages may not precisely reflect the absolute figures.
Special note about forward looking statements
This report includes “forward looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. We have based these forward looking statements largely on our current beliefs and projections about future events and financial trends affecting our business. Many important factors, in addition to those discussed in this report, could cause our actual results to differ substantially from those anticipated in our forward looking statements, including, among other things:
•the availability of capital to us and to our customers and changes in interest rates;
•the ability of our lessees and potential lessees to make lease payments to us;
•our ability to successfully negotiate flight equipment (which includes aircraft, engines and helicopters) purchases, sales and leases, to collect outstanding amounts due and to repossess flight equipment under defaulted leases, and to control costs and expenses;
•changes in the overall demand for commercial aviation leasing and aviation asset management services;
•the continued impacts of the Ukraine Conflict, including the resulting sanctions by the United States, the European Union, the United Kingdom and other countries, on our business and results of operations, financial condition and cash flows;
•the effects of terrorist attacks on the aviation industry and on our operations;
•the economic condition of the global airline and cargo industry and economic and political conditions;
•the impact of current hostilities in the Middle East, or any escalation thereof, on the aviation industry or our business;
•development of increased government regulation, including travel restrictions, sanctions, regulation of trade and the imposition of import and export controls, tariffs and other trade barriers;
•a downgrade in any of our credit ratings;
•competitive pressures within the industry;
•regulatory changes affecting commercial flight equipment operators, flight equipment maintenance, engine standards, accounting standards and taxes;
•the rate of recovery in air travel related to the Covid-19 pandemic, the aviation industry and global economic conditions; the potential impacts of the pandemic and responsive government actions on our business and results of operations, financial condition and cash flows; and
•the risks set forth or referred to in “Part II. Other Information—Item 1A. Risk Factors” included below.
The words “believe,” “may,” “will,” “aim,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “expect” and similar words are intended to identify forward looking statements. Forward looking statements include information concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations, business strategies, financing plans, competitive position, industry environment, potential growth opportunities, the effects of future regulation and the effects of competition. Forward looking statements speak only as of the date they were made and we undertake no obligation to update publicly or to revise any forward looking statements because of new information, future events or other factors. In light of the risks and uncertainties described above, the forward looking events and circumstances described in this report might not occur and are not guarantees of future performance.

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Flight equipment portfolio
We are the global leader in aviation leasing with a portfolio consisting of 3,451 aircraft, engines (including engines owned and managed by our SES joint venture) and helicopters that were owned, on order or managed as of September 30, 2023. We provide a wide range of assets for lease, including narrowbody and widebody aircraft, regional jets, freighters, engines and helicopters. We focus on acquiring in-demand flight equipment at attractive prices, funding them efficiently, hedging interest rate risk prudently and using our platform to deploy these assets with the objective of delivering superior risk-adjusted returns. We believe that by applying our expertise, we will be able to identify and execute on a broad range of market opportunities that we expect will generate attractive returns for our investors. We have the infrastructure, expertise and resources to execute a large number of diverse transactions in a variety of market conditions. Our teams of dedicated marketing and asset trading professionals have been successful in leasing and managing our asset portfolio. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we executed 686 aviation asset transactions.
Aircraft portfolio
As of September 30, 2023, we owned 1,553 aircraft and we managed 180 aircraft. As of September 30, 2023, we had commitments to purchase 380 new aircraft scheduled for delivery through 2028. As of September 30, 2023, the weighted average age of our 1,553 owned aircraft fleet, weighted by net book value, was 7.3 years. As of September 30, 2023, 1,526 of our 1,553 owned aircraft were on lease and 27 aircraft were off-lease. As of October 24, 2023, of the 27 aircraft, 15 were re-leased or under commitments for re-lease, two aircraft were designated for sale or part-out (which represented less than 1% of the aggregate net book value of our fleet), seven aircraft were being marketed for re-lease (which represented less than 1% of the aggregate net book value of our fleet) and three aircraft were sold. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 our owned aircraft utilization rate was 98%, calculated based on the number of days each aircraft was on lease, weighted by the net book value of the aircraft. Approximately 1% of our owned aircraft were undergoing or designated for cargo conversion during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and were not calculated as utilized.
The following table presents our aircraft portfolio by type of aircraft as of September 30, 2023:
Aircraft typeNumber of
owned
aircraft 		Percentage of
total
net book value		Number of
managed
aircraft		Number of on
order aircraft		Total owned,
managed and on
order aircraft
Passenger Aircraft1,486 97 %173 380 2,039 
Airbus A220 Family8 1 %3 14 25 
Airbus A320 Family434 10 %64 — 498 
Airbus A320neo Family376 34 %23 179 578 
Airbus A33049 2 %9 — 58 
Airbus A330neo Family4 1 %1 8 13 
Airbus A35041 9 %6 — 47 
Boeing 737 MAX53 4 %6 124 183 
Boeing 737NG269 11 %59 — 328 
Boeing 777-200ER4 — — — 4 
Boeing 777-300ER45 4 %1 — 46 
Boeing 787103 20 %1 22 126 
Embraer E190 / E195 / E268 1 %— 28 96 
Other (a)32 — — 5 37 
Freighter Aircraft67 3 %7 — 74 
Boeing 73750 2 %7 — 57 
Boeing 747 / 767 / 77717 1 %— — 17 
Total1,553 100 %180 380 2,113 
(a)Other includes 32 owned aircraft (including five Embraer E170/175 aircraft; seven Boeing 767 aircraft; 19 ATR and De Havilland Canada DHC-8-400 aircraft and one Boeing 757 aircraft) and five regional jet aircraft on order.

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During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we had the following activity related to aircraft:
Held for
operating
leases		Investment in
finance leases, net		Held for
sale		Total
owned
aircraft
Number of owned aircraft at beginning of period1,422 136 14 1,572 
Aircraft purchases (a)59 — — 59 
Aircraft reclassified to/from held for sale(19)— 19 — 
Aircraft sold or designated for part-out (b)(41)(18)(19)(78)
Aircraft reclassified to/from investment in finance leases, net (8)8 — — 
Number of owned aircraft at end of period1,413 126 14 1,553 
(a)Includes 56 new purchases and three used purchases.
(b)Includes 24 aircraft that were reclassified to inventory.
Critical accounting estimates
There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting estimates from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on March 2, 2023.

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Comparative results of operations
Results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2022
Three Months Ended September 30,Increase/ (Decrease)
20232022
(U.S. Dollars in thousands)
Revenues and other income
Lease revenue:
Basic lease rents $1,574,649 $1,473,084 $101,565 
Maintenance rents and other receipts 126,229 119,542 6,687 
Total lease revenue1,700,878 1,592,626 108,252 
Net gain on sale of assets129,908 69,218 60,690 
Other income60,881 62,181 (1,300)
Total Revenues and other income1,891,667 1,724,025 167,642 
Expenses
Depreciation and amortization623,012 580,934 42,078 
Net recoveries related to Ukraine Conflict
(645,807)(16,137)(629,670)
Asset impairment107 29,249 (29,142)
Interest expense446,977 390,809 56,168 
Loss on debt extinguishment 246 17 229 
Leasing expenses165,986 161,416 4,570 
Selling, general and administrative expenses111,908 105,319 6,589 
Transaction and integration-related expenses— 3,565 (3,565)
Total Expenses702,429 1,255,172 (552,743)
Loss on investments at fair value(10,577)(7,791)(2,786)
Income before income taxes and income of investments accounted for under the equity method
1,178,661 461,062 717,599 
Income tax expense(110,677)(64,307)(46,370)
Equity in net earnings of investments accounted for under the equity method
41,019 44,593 (3,574)
Net income$1,109,003 $441,348 $667,655 
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest(3,749)(1,392)(2,357)
Net income attributable to AerCap Holdings N.V.
$1,105,254 $439,956 $665,298 
Basic lease rents. The increase in basic lease rents of $102 million, or 7%, was attributable to:
•the acquisition of assets between July 1, 2022 and September 30, 2023, with an aggregate net book value of $7.4 billion on their respective acquisition dates, resulting in an increase in basic lease rents of $137 million; and
•an increase in basic lease rents of $15 million primarily due to lease transitions;
partially offset by
•the sale of assets between July 1, 2022 and September 30, 2023 with an aggregate net book value of $2.8 billion on their respective sale dates, resulting in a decrease in basic lease rents of $50 million.
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Maintenance rents and other receipts. The increase in maintenance rents and other receipts of $7 million, or 6%, was attributable to:
•an increase of $25 million in maintenance revenue and other receipts from lease terminations;
partially offset by
•a decrease of $18 million in regular maintenance rents, primarily due to lower EOL compensation and other receipts.
Net gain on sale of assets. The increase in net gain on sale of assets of $61 million was primarily due to the higher volume and composition of asset sales. During the three months ended September 30, 2023, we sold 45 assets for sale proceeds of $682 million and during the three months ended September 30, 2022, we sold 30 assets for sale proceeds of $373 million.
Other income. The decrease in other income of $1 million was primarily due to lower proceeds from unsecured claims, partially offset by higher interest income recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2023. During the three months ended September 30, 2022, we recognized $29 million related to the proceeds from unsecured claims.
Depreciation and amortization. The increase in depreciation and amortization of $42 million, or 7%, was primarily due to a higher average lease assets balance during the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2022.
Net recoveries related to Ukraine Conflict. During the three months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized recoveries of $646 million, which consisted of cash insurance settlement proceeds in full settlement of our insurance claims under the Aeroflot group’s insurance policies in respect of the 17 aircraft and five spare engines on lease to carriers within the Aeroflot group, Aeroflot and Rossiya, at the time of Russia’s invasion of the Ukraine. During the three months ended September 30, 2022, we recognized recoveries of $16 million primarily related to a small number of engines that were on aircraft leased to Russian airlines prior to the Ukraine Conflict and had been located outside of Russia since the start of the Ukraine Conflict. Please refer to “Part I. Financial Information—Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)—Note 18—Net charges related to Ukraine Conflict.”
Asset impairment. For the three months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized asset impairment charges of $0.1 million related to sales transactions. For the three months ended September 30, 2022 we recognized asset impairment charges of $29 million related to sales transactions, lease amendments where we retained maintenance related balances or lease terminations.

Interest expense. The increase in interest expense of $56 million, or 14%, was primarily attributable to:
•a $32 million increase in interest expense due to an increase in the average cost of debt for the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2022. The average cost of debt, excluding the effect of mark-to-market movements on interest rate caps and swaps, debt issuance costs, upfront fees and other impacts, was 3.5% during the three months ended September 30, 2023, compared to 3.2% during the three months ended September 30, 2022. Please refer to “Part I. Financial Information—Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Non-GAAP measures and metrics” for further information on our average cost of debt; and
•a $34 million increase in interest expense attributable to mark-to-market movement on interest rate caps and swaps. For the three months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized a loss of $7 million related to mark-to-market movements on interest rate caps and swaps, compared to a gain of $28 million recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2022;
partially offset by
•a $1.1 billion decrease in the average outstanding debt balance to $46.9 billion during the three months ended September 30, 2023 from $48.0 billion during the three months ended September 30, 2022, resulting in a $10 million decrease in interest expense.
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Leasing expenses. The increase in leasing expenses of $5 million was primarily due to $6 million of higher maintenance rights asset amortization and $28 million of higher other leasing expenses, partially offset by $18 million of lower expenses related to airline defaults and $11 million of lower expenses related to flight equipment transition costs and lessor maintenance contributions.
Selling, general and administrative expenses. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses of $7 million, or 6%, was primarily due to higher personnel expenses.
Income tax expense. The effective tax rate was 9.4% and 13.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. During the three months ended September 30, 2023, we recorded $81 million of income tax expense due to the recognition of net recoveries related to the Ukraine Conflict and approximately $44 million of income tax benefit due to a discrete tax item related to the release of a deferred tax liability. The effective tax rate is impacted by the source and amount of earnings among our different tax jurisdictions as well as the amount of permanent tax differences relative to pre-tax income or loss, as well as certain discrete items. The effective tax rate in any period can be impacted by revisions to the estimated full year.
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Results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022
Nine Months Ended September 30,Increase/ (Decrease)
20232022
(U.S. Dollars in thousands)
Revenues and other income
Lease revenue:
Basic lease rents $4,672,680 $4,488,256 $184,424 
Maintenance rents and other receipts 469,385 408,235 61,150 
Total lease revenue5,142,065 4,896,491 245,574 
Net gain on sale of assets395,357 107,703 287,654 
Other income144,348 180,559 (36,211)
Total Revenues and other income5,681,770 5,184,753 497,017 
Expenses
Depreciation and amortization1,849,133 1,796,092 53,041 
Net (recoveries) charges related to Ukraine Conflict
(673,879)2,712,581 (3,386,460)
Asset impairment36,540 43,477 (6,937)
Interest expense1,310,575 1,171,588 138,987 
Loss on debt extinguishment 4,097 2,058 2,039 
Leasing expenses621,233 562,702 58,531 
Selling, general and administrative expenses342,249 307,666 34,583 
Transaction and integration-related expenses— 30,198 (30,198)
Total Expenses3,489,948 6,626,362 (3,136,414)
Loss on investments at fair value(6,591)(20,142)13,551 
Income (loss) before income taxes and income of investments accounted for under the equity method
2,185,231 (1,461,751)3,646,982 
Income tax (expense) benefit(252,018)163,956 (415,974)
Equity in net earnings of investments accounted for under the equity method
107,937 79,024 28,913 
Net income (loss)$2,041,150 $(1,218,771)$3,259,921 
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest(10,897)(2,277)(8,620)
Net income (loss) attributable to AerCap Holdings N.V.
$2,030,253 $(1,221,048)$3,251,301 
Basic lease rents. The increase in basic lease rents of $184 million, or 4%, was attributable to:
•the acquisition of assets between January 1, 2022 and September 30, 2023, with an aggregate net book value of $9.1 billion on their respective acquisition dates, resulting in an increase in basic lease rents of $342 million;
partially offset by
•the sale of assets between January 1, 2022 and September 30, 2023 with an aggregate net book value of $3.2 billion on their respective sale dates, resulting in a decrease in basic lease rents of $139 million; and
•a decrease in basic lease rents of $19 million primarily due to lease terminations related to the Ukraine Conflict, as well as lease transitions and lease restructurings, the accounting for which requires the remaining rental payments to be recorded on a straight-line basis over the remaining term of the original lease plus any extension period.
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Maintenance rents and other receipts. The increase in maintenance rents and other receipts of $61 million, or 15%, was attributable to:
•an increase of $117 million in regular maintenance rents, primarily due to higher EOL compensation and other receipts;
partially offset by
•a decrease of $56 million in maintenance revenue and other receipts from lease terminations.
Net gain on sale of assets. The increase in net gain on sale of assets of $288 million was primarily due to the higher volume and composition of asset sales. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we sold 132 assets for sale proceeds of $2.1 billion and during the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we sold 82 assets for proceeds of $1.2 billion.
Other income. The decrease in other income of $36 million was primarily due to lower proceeds from unsecured claims, partially offset by higher interest income. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, we recognized $3 million and $69 million, respectively, related to the proceeds from unsecured claims.
Net (recoveries) charges related to Ukraine Conflict. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized recoveries of $674 million, which primarily consisted of cash insurance settlement proceeds of $646 million in full settlement of our insurance claims under the Aeroflot group’s insurance policies in respect of the 17 aircraft and five spare engines on lease to carriers within the Aeroflot group, Aeroflot and Rossiya, at the time of Russia’s invasion of the Ukraine. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recognized a pre-tax net charge of $2.7 billion to our earnings, comprised of write-offs and impairments of flight equipment, which were partially offset by the derecognition of lease-related assets and liabilities and the collection of letter of credit proceeds. Please refer to “Part I. Financial Information—Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)—Note 18—Net charges related to Ukraine Conflict.”
Depreciation and amortization. The increase in depreciation and amortization of $53 million was primarily due to a higher average lease assets balance during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022.
Asset impairment. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized asset impairment charges of $37 million primarily related to sales transactions or lease terminations. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recognized asset impairment charges of $44 million primarily related to sales transactions, lease amendments where we retained maintenance related balances or lease terminations.
Interest expense. The increase in interest expense of $139 million, or 12%, was primarily attributable to:
•a $111 million increase in interest expense due to an increase in the average cost of debt for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The average cost of debt, excluding the effect of mark-to-market movements on interest rate caps and swaps, debt issuance costs, upfront fees and other impacts, was 3.4% during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, compared to 3.1% during the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Please refer to “Part I. Financial Information—Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Non-GAAP measures and metrics” for further information on our average cost of debt; and
•a $84 million increase in interest expense attributable to mark-to-market movement on interest rate caps and swaps. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized a loss of $17 million related to mark-to-market movements on interest rate caps and swaps, compared to a gain of $67 million recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2022;
partially offset by
•a $2.2 billion decrease in the average outstanding debt balance to $46.7 billion during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 from $48.9 billion during the nine months ended September 30, 2022, resulting in a $56 million decrease in interest expense.
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Leasing expenses. The increase in leasing expenses of $59 million was primarily due to $71 million of higher maintenance rights asset amortization and $60 million of higher other leasing expenses, partially offset by $38 million of lower flight equipment transition costs and $34 million of lower lessor maintenance contributions and expenses related to airline defaults.
Selling, general and administrative expenses. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses of $35 million, or 11%, was primarily due to higher personnel and travel related-expenses.
Income tax (expense) benefit. The effective tax rate was 11.5% and 11.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recorded approximately $84 million of income tax expense due to the recognition of net recoveries related to the Ukraine Conflict and approximately $44 million of income tax benefit due to a discrete tax item related to the release of a deferred tax liability. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recorded approximately $339 million of income tax benefit due to the recognition of net charges related to the Ukraine Conflict. Please refer to “Part I. Financial Information—Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)—Note 18—Net charges related to Ukraine Conflict.”
Excluding these items, our effective tax rate for the year 2023 is expected to be 14.0%, compared to the effective tax rate of 16.4% for the full year 2022. The effective tax rate is impacted by the source and amount of earnings among our different tax jurisdictions as well as the amount of permanent tax differences relative to pre-tax income or loss, as well as certain discrete items. The effective tax rate in any period can be impacted by revisions to the estimated full year rate.
Equity in net earnings of investments accounted for under the equity method. The increase in equity in net earnings of investments accounted for under the equity method of $29 million was driven by higher earnings from our equity method investees.
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Liquidity and capital resources
The following table presents our consolidated cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022:
Nine Months Ended September 30,
20232022
(U.S. Dollars in millions)
Net cash provided by operating activities$3,862 $3,620 
Net cash used in investing activities(2,554)(1,707)
Net cash used in financing activities(457)(2,560)
Cash flows provided by operating activities. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, our net cash provided by operating activities of $3.9 billion was the result of net income of $2.0 billion, other adjustments to net income of $1.4 billion consisting primarily of depreciation and amortization, collections of finance leases of $309 million and the net change in operating assets and liabilities of $64 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, our net cash provided by operating activities of $3.6 billion was the result of net loss of $1.2 billion, other adjustments to net loss of $4.8 billion and collections of finance leases of $208 million, partially offset by the net change in operating assets and liabilities of $162 million.
Cash flows used in investing activities. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, our net cash used in investing activities of $2.6 billion primarily consisted of cash used for the purchase of and prepayments on flight equipment and other assets of $4.8 billion, partially offset by cash provided by asset sales of $1.6 billion and insurance settlement proceeds of $646 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, our net cash used in investing activities of $1.7 billion primarily consisted of cash used for the purchase of flight equipment and other assets of $2.9 billion, partially offset by cash provided by asset sales of $1.2 billion.
Cash flows used in financing activities. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, our net cash used in financing activities of $457 million primarily consisted of cash used for debt repayments, debt issuance and extinguishment costs, net of new financing proceeds and debt premium received of $919 million, cash used for the repurchase of shares and payments of tax withholdings on share-based compensation of $2.0 billion and cash used for the payment of dividends to our non-controlling interest holders of $10 million, partially offset by net cash provided by maintenance payments and security deposits received of $600 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, our cash used in financing activities of $2.6 billion primarily consisted of cash used for debt repayments, debt issuance and extinguishment costs, net of new financing proceeds and debt premium received of $2.9 billion, cash used for the repurchase of shares and payments of tax withholdings on share-based compensation of $16 million and cash used for the payment of dividends to our non-controlling interest holders of $2 million, partially offset by net cash provided by maintenance payments and security deposits received of $389 million.
We have significant capital requirements, including making pre-delivery payments and paying the balance of the purchase price for flight equipment on delivery. As of September 30, 2023, we had commitments to purchase 380 new aircraft scheduled for delivery through 2028. We also had commitments to purchase 11 engines for delivery through 2024 and 12 new helicopters for delivery through 2025.
As of September 30, 2023, our cash balance was $2.6 billion, including unrestricted cash of $2.4 billion, and we had $11.8 billion of undrawn lines of credit available under our revolving credit facilities and term loan facilities. As of September 30, 2023, our total available liquidity, including undrawn lines of credit, unrestricted cash, cash flows from contracted asset sales and other sources of funding, was $15 billion and, including estimated operating cash flows for the next 12 months, our total sources of liquidity were $20 billion. As of September 30, 2023, our existing sources of liquidity were sufficient to operate our business and cover approximately 1.7x of our debt maturities and contracted capital requirements for the next 12 months. As of September 30, 2023, the principal amount of our outstanding indebtedness, which excludes debt issuance costs, debt discounts and debt premium of $275 million, totaled $47.8 billion and consisted of senior unsecured, subordinated and senior secured notes, export credit facilities, commercial bank debt, revolving credit debt, securitization debt and capital lease structures. Please refer to “Part I. Financial Information—Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)— Note 14—Debt.”
In order to satisfy our contractual purchase obligations, we expect to source new debt financing through access to the capital markets, including the unsecured and secured bond markets, the commercial bank market, export credit and the asset-backed securities market.
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In the longer term, we expect to fund the growth of our business, including acquiring flight equipment, through internally generated cash flows, the incurrence of new debt, the refinancing of existing debt and other capital-raising initiatives.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, our average cost of debt, excluding the effect of mark-to-market movements on our interest rate caps and swaps, debt issuance fees, upfront fees and other impacts was 3.4%. As of September 30, 2023, our adjusted debt to equity ratio was 2.51 to 1. Please refer to “Part I. Financial Information—Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Non-GAAP measures and metrics” for further information on our average cost of debt and reconciliations of adjusted debt and adjusted equity to the most closely related U.S. GAAP measures as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
Contractual obligations
Our estimated future obligations as of September 30, 2023 include both current and long-term obligations. Our contractual obligations consist of principal and interest payments on debt, executed purchase agreements to purchase flight equipment and rent payments pursuant to our office and facility leases. We intend to fund our contractual obligations through unrestricted cash, lines-of-credit and other borrowings, operating cash flows and cash flows from asset sales. We believe that our sources of liquidity will be sufficient to meet our contractual obligations.
The following table provides details regarding our contractual obligations and their payment dates as of September 30, 2023:
2023 - remaining2024202520262027ThereafterTotal
(U.S. Dollars in millions)
Unsecured debt facilities$1,775.0 $6,880.0 $3,650.0 $7,294.5 $3,030.5 $13,350.0 $35,980.0 
Secured debt facilities218.0 917.1 2,256.8 1,142.0 1,980.2 3,022.6 9,536.7 
Subordinated debt facilities— — — — — 2,250.0 2,250.0 
Estimated interest payments (a)506.3 1,807.6 1,643.4 1,350.0 1,050.3 9,519.8 15,877.4 
Purchase obligations (b)2,188.1 6,383.4 5,741.2 4,402.5 1,134.3 256.9 20,106.4 
Operating leases (c)
3.3 47.4 14.3 10.1 9.9 23.8 108.8 
Total$4,690.7 $16,035.5 $13,305.7 $14,199.1 $7,205.2 $28,423.1 $83,859.3 
(a)Estimated interest payments for floating rate debt are based on rates as of September 30, 2023 and include the estimated impact of our interest rate swap agreements.
(b)As of September 30, 2023, we had commitments to purchase 380 aircraft (including 14 purchase and leaseback transactions), 11 engines, 12 helicopters and other commitments through 2028. The timing of our purchase obligations is based on current estimates and incorporates expected delivery delays into the table above. In addition, we have the right to reschedule the delivery dates of certain of our aircraft to future dates. Please refer to “Part I. Financial Information—Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)—Note 25—Commitments and contingencies” for further details on our purchase obligations.
(c)Represents contractual payments on aircraft that we lease from corporate aircraft owners and contractual payments on our office and facility leases.
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Off-balance sheet arrangements
We have interests in variable interest entities, some of which are not consolidated into our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Please refer to “Part I. Financial Information—Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)—Note 23—Variable interest entities” for a detailed description of these interests and our other off-balance sheet arrangements.
Book value per share
The following table presents our book value per share as of September 30, 2023, December 31, 2022 and September 30, 2022:
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022September 30, 2022
(U.S. Dollars in millions, except share and per share data)
Total AerCap Holdings N.V. shareholders’ equity$16,294 $16,118 $15,568 
Ordinary shares issued235,543,739 250,347,345 250,347,345 
Treasury shares(23,163,904)(4,416,070)(4,467,809)
Ordinary shares outstanding212,379,835 245,931,275 245,879,536 
Shares of unvested restricted stock(4,233,182)(4,837,602)(4,837,932)
Ordinary shares outstanding, excluding shares of unvested
    restricted stock		208,146,653 241,093,673 241,041,604 
Book value per ordinary share outstanding, excluding shares of
    unvested restricted stock		$78.28 $66.85 $64.59 
Non-GAAP measures and metrics
The following are definitions of our non-GAAP measures and metrics and a reconciliation of such measures to the most closely related U.S. GAAP measures for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. We believe these measures and metrics may further assist investors in their understanding of our performance and the changes and trends related to our earnings. These measures and metrics should not be viewed in isolation and should only be used in conjunction with and as a supplement to our U.S. GAAP financial measures. Non-GAAP measures and metrics are not uniformly defined by all companies, including those in our industry, and so this additional information may not be comparable with similarly-titled measures, metrics and disclosures by other companies.
Adjusted debt to equity ratio
This measure is the ratio obtained by dividing adjusted debt by adjusted equity. Adjusted debt means consolidated total debt less cash and cash equivalents, and less a 50% equity credit with respect to certain long-term subordinated debt. Adjusted equity means total equity, plus the 50% equity credit relating to the long-term subordinated debt. Adjusted debt and adjusted equity are adjusted by the 50% equity credit to reflect the equity nature of those financing arrangements and to provide information that is consistent with definitions under certain of our debt covenants. We believe this measure may further assist investors in their understanding of our capital structure and leverage.

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The following is a reconciliation of debt to adjusted debt and equity to adjusted equity as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
(U.S. Dollars in millions,
 except debt/equity ratio)
Debt$47,493 $46,533 
Adjusted for:
Cash and cash equivalents(2,415)(1,597)
50% credit for long-term subordinated debt(1,125)(1,125)
Adjusted debt$43,953 $43,811 
Equity$16,372 $16,195 
Adjusted for:
50% credit for long-term subordinated debt1,125 1,125 
Adjusted equity$17,497 $17,320 
Adjusted debt/equity ratio2.51 to 12.53 to 1
Average cost of debt
Average cost of debt is calculated as interest expense, excluding mark-to-market on interest rate caps and swaps, debt issuance costs, upfront fees and other impacts, divided by the average debt balance. This measure reflects the impact from changes in the amount of debt and interest rates.
Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
20232022Percentage Difference20232022Percentage Difference
(U.S Dollars in millions)
Interest expense$447$39114 %$1,311$1,17212 %
Adjusted for:
Mark-to-market on interest rate caps and swaps (7)28NA(17)67NA
Debt issuance costs, upfront fees and other impacts(35)(38)(8 %)(108)(115)(6 %)
Interest expense excluding mark-to-market on interest rate caps and swaps, debt issuance costs, upfront fees and other impacts$405$3816 %$1,186$1,1246 %
Average debt balance$46,895$48,021(2 %)$46,696$48,920(5 %)
Average cost of debt3.5 %3.2 %9 %3.4 %3.1 %11 %
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Summarized financial information of issuers and guarantors
AGAT/AICDC Notes
From time to time since the completion of the acquisition of ILFC, AerCap Trust and AICDC have co-issued senior unsecured notes (the “AGAT/AICDC Notes”). Please refer to “Part I. Financial Information—Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)—Note 14—Debt” for further details on the AGAT/AICDC Notes. The AGAT/AICDC Notes are jointly and severally and fully and unconditionally guaranteed by AerCap Holdings N.V. (the “Parent Guarantor”) and by AerCap Ireland, AerCap Aviation Solutions B.V., ILFC and AerCap U.S. Global Aviation LLC (the “Subsidiary Guarantors” and, together with the Parent Guarantor, the “AGAT/AICDC Guarantors”).
Subject to the provisions of the indenture governing the AGAT/AICDC Notes (the “AGAT/AICDC Indenture”), a Subsidiary Guarantor will be automatically and unconditionally released from its guarantee with respect to a series of AGAT/AICDC Notes under the following circumstances: (1) the sale, disposition or other transfer of (i) the capital stock of a Subsidiary Guarantor after which such Subsidiary Guarantor is no longer a Restricted Subsidiary (as defined in the AGAT/AICDC Indenture) or (ii) all or substantially all of the assets of a Subsidiary Guarantor; (2) the permitted designation of the Subsidiary Guarantor as an Unrestricted Subsidiary as defined in and pursuant to the AGAT/AICDC Indenture; (3) the consolidation, amalgamation or merger of a Subsidiary Guarantor with and into AerCap Trust, AICDC or another AGAT/AICDC Guarantor with such person being the surviving entity, or upon the liquidation of a Subsidiary Guarantor following the transfer of all of its assets to AerCap Trust, AICDC or another AGAT/AICDC Guarantor; or (4) legal defeasance or covenant defeasance with respect to such series, each as described in the AGAT/AICDC Indenture, or if the obligations of AerCap Trust and AICDC with respect to such series under the AGAT/AICDC Indenture are discharged.
The guarantee obligations of each Subsidiary Guarantor are limited (i) to an amount not to exceed the maximum amount that can be guaranteed by a Subsidiary Guarantor (after giving effect to any collections from, rights to receive contribution from or payments made by or on behalf of all other AGAT/AICDC Guarantors in respect of the obligations under their respective guarantees) without rendering the guarantee, as it relates to such Subsidiary Guarantor, voidable under applicable fraudulent conveyance or transfer laws, and (ii) as necessary to recognize certain defenses generally available to guarantors, including voidable preference, financial assistance, corporate purpose, capital maintenance or similar laws, regulations or defenses affecting the rights of creditors generally or other considerations under applicable law. In addition, given that some of the AGAT/AICDC Guarantors are Irish and Dutch companies, it may be more difficult for holders of the AGAT/AICDC Notes to obtain or enforce judgments against such guarantors.
AICDC and certain AGAT/AICDC Guarantors are holding companies and therefore hold equity interests in directly held subsidiaries, amongst having other trading activities. As a result, AICDC and certain AGAT/AICDC Guarantors could be dependent on dividends and other payments from their subsidiaries to generate the funds necessary to meet their outstanding debt service and other obligations, and such dividends or other payments will in turn depend on factors, such as their subsidiaries’ earnings, covenants in instruments governing their subsidiaries’ indebtedness, other contractual restrictions and applicable laws (including local law restricting payments of dividends).
Junior Subordinated Notes
In October 2019, AerCap Holdings N.V. issued $750.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.875% fixed-rate reset junior subordinated notes due 2079 (the “Junior Subordinated Notes”). Please refer to “Part I. Financial Information—Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)—Note 14—Debt” and our audited Consolidated Financial Statements and “Note 16—Debt”, included in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on March 2, 2023, for further details on the Junior Subordinated Notes. The Junior Subordinated Notes are jointly and severally and fully and unconditionally guaranteed by AerCap Trust, AICDC, AerCap Ireland, AerCap Aviation Solutions B.V., ILFC and AerCap U.S. Global Aviation LLC (the “Subordinated Notes Guarantors”).
Subject to the provisions of the indenture governing the Junior Subordinated Notes (the “Subordinated Notes Indenture”), a Subordinated Notes Guarantor will be automatically and unconditionally released from its guarantee under the following circumstances: (1) the sale, disposition or other transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of a Subordinated Notes Guarantor; (2) the consolidation, amalgamation or merger of a Subordinated Notes Guarantor with and into AerCap Holdings N.V. or another Subordinated Notes Guarantor with such person being the surviving entity, or upon the liquidation of a Subordinated Notes Guarantor following the transfer of all of its assets to AerCap Holdings N.V. or another Subordinated Notes Guarantor; or (3) legal defeasance or covenant defeasance, each as described in the Subordinated Notes Indenture, or if the obligations of AerCap Holdings N.V. under the Subordinated Notes Indenture are discharged.
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The guarantee obligations of each Subordinated Notes Guarantor are limited (i) to an amount not to exceed the maximum amount that can be guaranteed by a Subordinated Notes Guarantor (after giving effect to any collections from, rights to receive contribution from or payments made by or on behalf of all other Subordinated Notes Guarantors in respect of the obligations under their respective guarantees) without rendering the guarantee, as it relates to such Subordinated Notes Guarantor, voidable under applicable fraudulent conveyance or transfer laws and (ii) as necessary to recognize certain defenses generally available to guarantors, including voidable preference, financial assistance, corporate purpose, capital maintenance or similar laws, regulations or defenses affecting the rights of creditors generally or other considerations under applicable law. In addition, given that some of the Subordinated Notes Guarantors are Irish and Dutch companies, it may be more difficult for holders of the Junior Subordinated Notes to obtain or enforce judgments against such guarantors.
Because AerCap Holdings N.V. and certain Subordinated Notes Guarantors are holding companies with very limited operations, their only significant assets are the equity interests of their directly held subsidiaries. As a result, AerCap Holdings N.V. and certain Subordinated Notes Guarantors are dependent primarily upon dividends and other payments from their subsidiaries to generate the funds necessary to meet their outstanding debt service and other obligations, and such dividends or other payments will in turn depend on their subsidiaries’ earnings, covenants in instruments governing their subsidiaries’ indebtedness, other contractual restrictions and applicable laws (including local law restricting payments of dividends).
Summarized Combined Financial Information
Summarized financial information (the “SFI”), as defined under Rule 1-02(bb) of Regulation S-X, is provided below for the issuers and the guarantor entities and includes AerCap Holdings N.V., AerCap Trust, AICDC, AerCap U.S. Global Aviation LLC, AerCap Aviation Solutions B.V., AerCap Ireland and ILFC (collectively, the “Obligor Group”) as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The SFI is presented on a combined basis with intercompany transactions and balances among the entities included in the Obligor Group eliminated. The Obligor Group SFI excludes investments in non-obligor entities.
Summarized combined financial information of issuers and guarantors
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
(U.S. Dollars in millions)

Flight equipment held for operating leases, net
$8,341 $7,887 
Intercompany receivables
33,136 32,684 
Total assets
45,449 44,131 
Debt
37,484 36,605 
Intercompany payables
3,556 2,933 
Total liabilities
43,348 41,567 
Non-controlling interest
78 78 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2023
(U.S. Dollars in millions)

Total revenues and other income (a)$3,256 
Total expenses (b)1,611 
Income before income taxes and loss of investments accounted for under the equity method1,645 
Net income1,425 
Net income attributable to AerCap Holdings N.V.1,414 
(a)Total revenues include interest income from non-obligor entities of $1.6 billion.
(b)Total expenses include interest expense to non-obligor entities of $80 million.
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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Our primary market risk exposure is interest rate risk associated with short- and long-term borrowings bearing variable interest rates and lease payments under leases tied to floating interest rates. To manage this interest rate exposure, from time to time, we enter into interest rate swap and cap agreements. We are also exposed to foreign currency risk, which can adversely affect our operating profits. To manage this risk, from time to time, we may enter into forward exchange contracts.
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with “Part I. Financial Information—Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)—Note 11—Derivative financial instruments,” “Part I. Financial Information—Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)—Note 14—Debt” and our audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on March 2, 2023, which provide further information on our debt and derivative financial instruments.
Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk is the exposure to changes in the level of interest rates and the spread between different interest rates. Interest rate risk is highly sensitive to many factors, including government monetary policies, global economic factors and other factors beyond our control.
We enter into leases with rents that are based on fixed and variable interest rates, and we fund our operations primarily with a mixture of fixed and floating rate debt. Interest rate exposure arises when there is a mismatch between terms of the associated debt and interest earning assets, primarily between floating rate debt and fixed rate leases. We manage this exposure primarily through the use of interest rate caps and interest rate swaps using a cash flow-based risk management model. This model takes the expected cash flows generated by our assets and liabilities and then calculates by how much the value of these cash flows will change for a given movement in interest rates.
The following tables present the average notional amounts and weighted average interest rates which are contracted for the specified year for our derivative financial instruments that are sensitive to changes in interest rates, including our interest rate caps and swaps, as of September 30, 2023. Notional amounts are used to calculate the contractual payments to be exchanged under the contract. Under our interest rate caps, we will receive the excess, if any, of daily SOFR, Term SOFR or LIBOR, reset daily, monthly or quarterly on an actual/360 adjusted basis, over the strike rate of the relevant cap. For our interest rate swaps, pay rates are based on the fixed rate which we are contracted to pay to our swap counterparty.
2023 - remaining2024202520262027ThereafterFair value
(U.S. Dollars in millions)
Interest rate caps
Average notional amounts$2,279.5 $1,903.3 $1,129.2 $469.3 $35.2 — $123.4 
Weighted average strike rate1.8 %1.6 %2.2 %2.4 %2.3 %— 

2023 - remaining2024202520262027ThereafterFair value
(U.S. Dollars in millions)
Interest rate swaps
Average notional amounts$3,817.1 $3,980.0 $3,955.0 $2,792.5 $1,938.8 $620.8 $120.8 
Weighted average pay rate3.4 %3.4 %3.4 %3.8 %3.9 %3.9 %
The variable benchmark interest rates associated with these instruments are daily SOFR, Term SOFR or three month U.S. dollar LIBOR, as applicable. The transition of our LIBOR-based instruments was completed in October 2023.
Our Board of Directors is responsible for reviewing our overall interest rate management policies. Our counterparty risk is monitored on an ongoing basis, but is mitigated by the fact that the majority of our interest rate derivative counterparties are required to collateralize in the event of their downgrade by the rating agencies below a certain level.
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Foreign currency risk and foreign operations
Our functional currency is U.S. dollars. The functional currency for domestic and substantially all foreign operations is the U.S. dollar. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are not significant to the Company’s operations. Foreign exchange risk arises from our and our lessees’ operations in multiple jurisdictions. All of our aircraft purchase agreements are negotiated in U.S. dollars, we currently receive substantially all of our revenue in U.S. dollars and we pay our expenses primarily in U.S. dollars. We currently have a limited number of leases and helicopter purchase agreements denominated in foreign currencies, maintain part of our cash in foreign currencies, pay taxes in foreign currencies, and incur some of our expenses in foreign currencies, primarily the euro. A decrease in the U.S. dollar in relation to foreign currencies increases our lease revenue received from foreign currency-denominated leases and our expenses paid in foreign currencies. An increase in the U.S. dollar in relation to foreign currencies decreases our lease revenue received from foreign currency-denominated leases and our expenses paid in foreign currencies. Because we currently receive most of our revenues in U.S. dollars and pay most of our expenses in U.S. dollars, a change in foreign exchange rates would not have a material impact on our results of operations or cash flows. We do not have any restrictions or repatriation issues associated with our foreign cash accounts.
Inflation
After a sustained period of relatively low inflation rates, the rates of inflation are above or near recent historical highs in the United States, the European Union, the United Kingdom, and other countries. High rates of inflation may have a number of adverse effects on our business. Inflation may increase the costs of goods, services and labor used in our operations, thereby increasing our expenses. To the extent that we derive our income from leases with fixed rates of payment, high rates of inflation will cause a greater decrease in the value of those payments than had the rates of inflation remained lower. Because our leases are generally multi-year, there may be a lag in our ability to adjust the lease rates for a particular aircraft accordingly. Our suppliers and lessees may also be subject to material adverse effects as a result of high rates of inflation, including as a result of the impact on their financial conditions, changes in demand patterns, price volatility, and supply chain disruption.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Please refer to “Part I. Financial Information—Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)—Note 25—Commitments and contingencies” in this report.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
There have been no material changes in our risk factors since those reported in our Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
The following table presents repurchases of our ordinary shares made by us during the nine months ended September 30, 2023:
Number of ordinary shares purchasedAverage price paid per ordinary shareTotal number of ordinary shares purchased as part of our publicly announced programMaximum dollar value of ordinary shares that may yet be purchased under the program (U.S. Dollars in millions) (a)
January 2023— $— — $— 
February 2023— — — — 
March 20238,788,890 56.89 8,788,890 — 
April 2023— — — — 
May 20232,926,102 57.12 2,926,102 332.9 
June 20232,131,790 60.50 2,131,790 203.9 
July 2023956,824 63.85 956,824 642.9 
August 2023— — — 642.9 
September 202319,168,834 57.97 19,168,834 181.7 
33,972,440 $57.94 33,972,440 $181.7 
(a)For further detail on our share repurchase programs, please refer to Note 16—Equity.
Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information
None.
Item 6. Exhibits
None.

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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
AERCAP HOLDINGS N.V.
By:/s/ Aengus Kelly
Name:Aengus Kelly
Title:Authorized Signatory
Date: October 27, 2023

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