Unassociated Document
PROSPECTUS
SUPPLEMENT
(To
Prospectus dated September 5, 2006)
$355,963,000
(Approximate)
SACO
I Trust 2006-8
Issuing
Entity
Mortgage-Backed
Notes, Series 2006-8
EMC
Mortgage Corporation
Sponsor
LaSalle
Bank National Association
Master
Servicer
Bear
Stearns Asset Backed Securities I LLC
Depositor
________________
Consider
carefully the risk factors beginning on page S-12 in this prospectus supplement
and on page 6 in the prospectus.
The
notes
represent obligations of the trust only and do not represent an interest in
or
obligation of Bear Stearns Asset Backed Securities I LLC, LaSalle Bank National
Association, Citibank, N.A., Wilmington Trust Company, Ambac Assurance
Corporation or any of their affiliates.
This
prospectus supplement may be used to offer and sell the offered notes only
if
accompanied by the prospectus.
The
issuing entity is offering the following classes of notes pursuant to this
prospectus supplement and the prospectus:
Class
|
Original
Note
Principal
Balance
|
Note
Interest Rate
|
Class
|
Original
Note
Principal
Balance
|
Note
Interest Rate
|
Class
A
|
$355,963,000
|
(1)(2)(3)
|
Class
A-IO
|
$0
(4)
|
(1)(2)
|
(1)
The
note interest rates on these classes of notes are adjustable or variable
rates as described under “Summary—Description of the Notes—Note Interest
Rates” in this prospectus supplement.
(2)
Subject
to a cap as described in this prospectus supplement.
(3)
Subject
to a step-up if the optional termination right is not
exercised.
(4)
The Class A-IO Notes are interest only notes, are not entitled to
payments of principal and do not have an original note principal
balance.
The Class A-IO Notes will accrue interest on their notional amounts.
The
Class A-IO Notes are not covered by the certificate guaranty insurance
policy provided by Ambac Assurance Corporation.
The
notes represent obligations of a trust, the assets of which consist
of
adjustable-rate, primarily second-lien home equity lines of
credit.
Credit
enhancement will be provided by:
• excess
spread;
• overcollateralization;
• subordination
provided to some classes of notes by other classes of notes as described
in this prospectus supplement; and
• a
certificate guaranty insurance policy issued by Ambac Assurance
Corporation for the benefit of the Class A Notes only.
|
Neither
the SEC nor any state securities commission has approved these securities or
determined that this prospectus supplement or the prospectus is accurate or
complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal
offense.
The
Attorney General of the State of New York has not passed on or endorsed the
merits of this offering. Any representation to the contrary is
unlawful.
Bear,
Stearns & Co. Inc., as the underwriter, will offer the notes listed above at
varying prices to be determined at the time of sale. The underwriter will
deliver to purchasers of the offered notes in book-entry form only through
the
facilities of The Depository Trust Company, Clearstream and Euroclear, in each
case, on or about September 15, 2006.
Bear,
Stearns & Co. Inc.
The
date
of the prospectus supplement is September 14, 2006
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
PROSPECTUS
SUPPLEMENT
SUMMARY
TRANSACTION
STRUCTURE
RISK
FACTORS
THE
MORTGAGE POOL
STATIC
POOL INFORMATION
THE
ISSUING ENTITY
THE
DEPOSITOR
THE
SPONSOR
MASTER
SERVICING AND SERVICING OF HELOCS
DESCRIPTION
OF THE NOTES
INDENTURE
THE
POLICY
YIELD,
PREPAYMENT AND MATURITY CONSIDERATIONS
USE
OF
PROCEEDS
FEDERAL
INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
STATE
AND
OTHER TAXES
ERISA
CONSIDERATIONS
METHOD
OF
DISTRIBUTION
LEGAL
MATTERS
LEGAL
PROCEEDINGS
AFFILIATIONS,
RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
EXPERTS
RATINGS
LEGAL
INVESTMENT
AVAILABLE
INFORMATION
INCORPORATION
OF INFORMATION BY REFERENCE
INDEX
OF
DEFINED TERMS
SCHEDULE
ANNEX
I
PROSPECTUS
RISK
FACTORS
DESCRIPTION
OF THE SECURITIES
THE
TRUST
FUNDS
CREDIT
ENHANCEMENT
SERVICING
OF LOANS
THE
AGREEMENTS
MATERIAL
LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE LOANS
THE
SPONSOR
THE
DEPOSITOR
USE
OF
PROCEEDS
MATERIAL
FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
REPORTABLE
TRANSACTION
STATE
AND
LOCAL TAX CONSIDERATIONS
ERISA
CONSIDERATIONS
METHOD
OF
DISTRIBUTION
LEGAL
MATTERS
FINANCIAL
INFORMATION
AVAILABLE
INFORMATION
INCORPORATION
OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE
RATINGS
LEGAL
INVESTMENT CONSIDERATIONS
PLAN
OF
DISTRIBUTION
GLOSSARY
OF TERMS
Important
Notice About Information Presented In This
Prospectus
Supplement And The Accompanying Prospectus
We
describe the notes in two separate documents that provide varying levels of
detail: (a) the accompanying prospectus, which provides general information,
some of which may not apply to your notes and (b) this prospectus supplement,
which describes the specific terms of your notes. The description of your notes
in this prospectus supplement is intended to enhance the related description
in
the prospectus and you are encouraged to rely on the information in this
prospectus supplement as providing additional detail not available in the
prospectus.
Annex
I
and Schedule A are incorporated into and are a part of this prospectus
supplement as if fully set forth in this prospectus supplement.
Cross-references
are included in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus
to
captions in these materials where you can find further discussions about related
topics. The table of contents on page S-2 above provides the pages on which
these captions are located.
You
can
find a listing of the pages where certain capitalized and other terms used
in
this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are defined under
the
captions “Glossary” and “Index of Defined Terms” in this prospectus supplement
or under the caption “Glossary of Terms” in the accompanying
prospectus.
SUMMARY
|
·
|
This
summary highlights selected information from this document and does
not
contain all of the information that you need to consider when making
your
investment decision. To understand all of the terms of an offering
of the
notes, you should read this entire document and the accompanying
prospectus carefully.
|
|
·
|
Certain
statements contained in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus
supplement and the accompanying prospectus consist of forward-looking
statements relating to future economic performance or projections
and
other financial items. These statements can be identified by the
use of
forward-looking words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expects,”
“believes,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” or other comparable words.
Forward-looking statements are subject to a variety of risks and
uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ from the
projected
results. Those risks and uncertainties include, among others, general
economic and business conditions, regulatory initiatives and compliance
with governmental regulations, customer preferences and various other
matters, many of which are beyond our control. Because we cannot
predict
the future, what actually happens may be very different from what
is
contained in our forward-looking
statements.
|
Trust
The
depositor will establish a trust with respect to the Mortgage-Backed Notes,
Series 2006-8, pursuant to a trust
agreement, dated as of September 6, between the depositor and the owner trustee,
as amended by the trust agreement to be dated as of September 15, 2006, among
the depositor, the owner trustee and the securities administrator. On the
closing date, pursuant to an indenture, among the issuing entity, the indenture
trustee and the securities administrator, SACO I Trust 2006-8 will issue three
classes of notes, two of which are being offered by this prospectus supplement
and the accompanying prospectus. The assets of the issuing entity that will
support the notes will consist of a pool of adjustable-rate, primarily
second-lien home equity lines of credit, or HELOCs.
The
Class
A Notes will have the benefit of a certificate guaranty insurance policy
provided by Ambac Assurance Corporation, which will guarantee certain payments
on the Class A Notes.
Originators
The
principal originators of the HELOCs are: American Home Mortgage Corp., with
respect to approximately 31.07% of the HELOCs, SouthStar Funding, LLC, with
respect to approximately 19.79% of the HELOCs, Just Mortgage Inc., with respect
to approximately 16.15% of the HELOCs, and Metrocities Mortgage, LLC, with
respect to approximately 11.80% of the HELOCs. The remainder of the HELOCs
were
originated by various originators, none of which has originated more than 10%
of
the HELOCs.
Servicers
GMAC
Mortgage Corporation, with respect to approximately 72.68% of the HELOCs, and
EMC Mortgage Corporation, with respect to approximately 27.26% of the HELOCs.
The
remainder of the HELOCs will be serviced by various servicers, none of which
will service more than 10% of the HELOCs.
Depositor
Bear
Stearns Asset Backed Securities I LLC, a Delaware limited liability company
and
a limited purpose finance subsidiary of The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. and
an
affiliate of Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc.
Sponsor
and Seller
EMC
Mortgage Corporation, in its capacity as a HELOC seller, a Delaware corporation
and an affiliate of the depositor and the underwriter, which will sell the
HELOCs to the depositor.
Master
Servicer
and Securities Administrator
LaSalle
Bank National Association, a national banking association organized under the
laws of the United States.
Indenture
Trustee
Citibank,
N.A., a national banking association organized under the laws of the United
States.
Owner
Trustee
Wilmington
Trust Company, a Delaware banking corporation acting not in its individual
capacity, but solely as owner trustee under the trust agreement.
Issuing
Entity
SACO
I
Trust 2006-8, a Delaware statutory trust.
Indenture
The
indenture among the issuing entity, the indenture trustee and the securities
administrator, under which the trust will issue the notes.
Note
Insurer
With
respect to the Class A Notes, Ambac Assurance Corporation, a Wisconsin domiciled
stock insurance corporation.
Cut-off
Date
The
close
of business on August 15, 2006. All statistical information regarding the HELOCs
in this prospectus supplement is based on the aggregate principal balance of
the
HELOCs as of the cut-off date, unless otherwise specified in this prospectus
supplement.
Closing
Date
On
or
about September 15, 2006.
HELOCs
The
HELOCs will consist of home equity lines of credit loans made under certain
home
equity revolving credit loan agreements secured primarily by second-lien
mortgages on one- to four-family residential properties with initial draw
periods of five, ten or fifteen years limited to interest only payments,
generally followed by a fifteen-year amortized repayment period. Some of the
HELOCs require repayment of the principal amount outstanding at the end of
the
draw period. During the applicable draw period, each borrower may borrow
additional amounts from time to time up to the maximum amount of that borrower’s
line of credit. If borrowed amounts are repaid, they may again be borrowed
during the applicable draw period. The principal balance of a HELOC on any
day
is equal to its cut-off date principal balance, plus any additional borrowings
on that loan, minus all collections credited against the principal balance
of
that HELOC before that day.
The
following table summarizes the approximate characteristics of all of the HELOCs
as of the cut-off date:
Number
of HELOCs:
|
5,282
|
Aggregate
principal balance:
|
$361,200,413.29
|
Average
drawn balance:
|
$68,383.27
|
Average
credit limit:
|
$74,426.18
|
Weighted
average credit limit utilization rate:(1)
|
96.65%
|
Current
weighted average coupon:
|
10.432%
|
Weighted
average margin:
|
2.722%
|
Weighted
average seasoning (months):
|
5
|
Weighted
average remaining term to stated maturity (months):
|
291
|
Weighted
average remaining draw term to stated maturity (months):
|
120
|
Weighted
average combined loan-to-value ratio:
|
92.24%
|
Weighted
average credit score:
|
717
|
Lien
position (%first/% junior):
|
1.39%/
98.61%
|
|
|
(1)
Weighted by credit limit amount.
|
|
Description
of the Notes
Offered
Notes
The
trust
will issue two classes of notes which are being offered by this prospectus
supplement and the accompanying prospectus. The Class A Notes and Class A-IO
Notes are the only classes of offered notes.
The
last
scheduled payment date for the Class A Notes is the payment date in June 2036.
The last scheduled payment date for the Class A-IO Notes is August
2008.
We
sometimes refer to the Class A Notes and Class A-IO Notes as the senior
notes.
Other
Notes
The
trust
will issue one additional class of notes. These Notes will be designated as
the
Class B Notes and are not being offered by this prospectus supplement. The
initial note principal balance of the Class B Notes will be
$4,334,000.
The
Class
B Notes are subordinate to the offered notes. We sometimes refer to the Class
B
Notes as the subordinate notes. We sometimes refer to the offered notes and
the
subordinate notes as the notes.
Certificates
In
addition to the notes, the trust will also issue (i) the Class S Certificates,
(ii) the Class E Certificates, (iii) the Class R-1 Certificates, (iv) the Class
R-2 Certificates and (v) the Class RX Certificates. None of the certificates
are
being offered by this prospectus supplement.
Record
Date
For
the
Class A Notes, the business day preceding the applicable payment date so long
as
such class of notes is in book-entry form; and otherwise the record date shall
be the close of business on the last business day of the month immediately
preceding the month of the applicable payment date. For the Class A-IO Notes,
the close of business on the last business day of the month immediately
preceding the month of the applicable payment date.
Denominations
With
respect to the offered notes, $100,000 and multiples of $1.00 in excess thereof,
except that one note of each class may be issued in the remainder of the
class.
Registration
of Offered Notes
The
trust
will issue the offered notes initially in book-entry form. Persons acquiring
interests in the offered notes may elect to hold their beneficial interests
through The Depository Trust Company, in the United States, or Clearstream
Luxembourg or Euroclear, in Europe.
We
refer you to “Description of the Notes
— Book-Entry Registration” and “Annex I— Global Clearance, Settlement and Tax
Documentation Procedures” in this prospectus supplement.
Note
Interest
Rates
The
note
interest rate for each class of the Class A Notes and Class B Notes may change
from payment date to payment date. The note interest rate of the Class A Notes
and Class B Notes will therefore be adjusted on a monthly basis. Investors
will
be notified of a note interest rate adjustment through the monthly payment
reports. On any payment date, the note interest rate per annum for each such
class will be based on One-Month LIBOR and, on or prior to the first possible
optional termination date, a specified margin as follows:
· |
Class
A Notes: One-Month LIBOR plus 0.140%
per annum.
|
· |
Class
B Notes: One-Month LIBOR plus 3.000% per
annum.
|
One-Month
LIBOR for the first accrual period and for all subsequent accrual periods shall
be determined as described under “Description
of the Notes — Calculation of One-Month LIBOR”
in this
prospectus supplement.
On
any
payment date, the note interest rate for the Class A Notes and Class B Notes
will be subject to an interest rate cap, which we describe below.
After
the
first possible optional termination date, we will increase the margin applicable
to the note interest rate for the Class A Notes, as described above, to 0.280%
per annum, and the margin applicable to the note interest rate for the Class
B
Notes, as described above, to 4.500% per annum. Each such increased rate will
remain subject to the interest rate cap.
The
interest rate cap for the Class A Notes and Class B Notes is equal to (i) the
weighted average of the net mortgage rates of all of the HELOCs adjusted to
reflect the related accrual period, less (ii) the current interest payable
to
the Class A-IO Notes divided by the invested amount of the HELOCs.
The
note
interest rate for the Class A-IO Notes is equal to, for each payment date from
and including September 2006 to and including the payment date in August 2008,
5.50% per annum. On any such payment date, the note interest rate for the Class
A-IO Notes will be subject to an interest rate cap equal to the weighted average
of the net mortgage rates of all of the HELOCs adjusted to reflect the related
accrual period. The Class A-IO Notes will not be entitled to receive any
payments after the payment date in August 2008.
If
on any
payment date, the note interest rates for the offered notes and the Class B
Notes are limited to the related interest rate cap, the resulting interest
shortfalls may be recovered by the holders of the related notes on the same
payment date or future payment dates on a subordinated basis to the extent
that
on such payment date there are available funds remaining after certain other
payments on the notes and the payment of certain fees and expenses of the trust.
Any such interest shortfalls with respect to the Class A Notes will not be
covered by the certificate guaranty insurance policy.
We
refer you to “Description of the Notes—Payments on the Notes” in
this prospectus
supplement.
Payment
Dates
The
securities administrator will make payments on the notes on the 25th day of
each
calendar month beginning in September 2006 to the appropriate holders of record.
If the 25th day of the month is not a business day, then the securities
administrator will make payments on the following business day.
Interest
Payments
On
each
payment date, holders of the offered notes and Class B Notes will be entitled
to
receive:
· |
the
interest that has accrued on the note principal balance or the notional
amount, as applicable, of such note at the related note interest
rate
during the related accrual period,
and
|
· |
any
interest due on any prior payment date that was not paid,
less
|
· |
interest
shortfalls allocated to such notes.
|
The
accrual period for the Class A Notes and Class B Notes will be the period from
and including the preceding payment date (or from the closing date, in the
case
of the first payment date) to and including the day prior to the current payment
date. The accrual period for the Class A-IO Notes will be the calendar month
preceding the related payment date; provided that, with respect to the first
payment date, the Class A-IO Notes will receive 8 days of current interest.
Calculations of interest on the Class A Notes and Class B Notes will be based
on
a 360-day year and the actual number of days elapsed during the related accrual
period. Calculations of interest on the Class A-IO Notes will be based on a
360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months. Investors will be notified
of a
note interest rate adjustment through the monthly distribution
reports.
The
notional amount of the Class A-IO Notes, for purposes of calculating current
interest, is equal to the lesser of (a) the invested amount as of the first
day
of the related Collection Period and (b) (i) for each payment date from and
including September 2006 to and including the payment date in February 2007,
$156,857,000, (ii) for each payment date from and including March 2007 to and
including the payment date in August 2007, $125,486,000 (iii) for each payment
date from and including September 2007 to and including the payment date in
November 2007, $87,840,000, (iv) for each payment date from and including
December 2007 to and including the payment date in February 2008, 62,743,000
(v)
for each payment date from and including March 2008 to and including the payment
date in May 2008, $25,097,000, (vi) for each payment date from and including
June 2008 to and including the payment date in August 2008, $12,549,000, and
(vii) for each payment date thereafter, $0.
Principal
Payments
On
each
payment date, holders of the Class A Notes and Class B Notes will receive a
payment of principal on their notes if there is cash available on that date
for
the payment of principal. Monthly principal payments will generally
include:
· |
principal
payments on the HELOCs and
|
· |
until
a specified overcollateralization level has been reached, interest
payments on the HELOCs not needed to pay interest on the notes and
monthly
fees and expenses.
|
You
should review the priority of payments described under “Description of the Notes
— Payments on the Notes” in this prospectus supplement.
Credit
Enhancement
Credit
enhancement provides limited protection to holders of specified notes against
shortfalls in payments received on the HELOCs. This transaction employs the
following forms of credit enhancement.
Subordination.
By
issuing senior notes and subordinated notes, the trust has increased the
likelihood that senior noteholders will receive regular payments of interest
and
principal.
The
Class
A Notes and Class A-IO Notes will have a payment priority over the Class B
Notes.
Subordination
provides the holders of notes having a higher payment priority with protection
against losses realized when the remaining unpaid principal balance on a HELOC
exceeds the amount of proceeds recovered upon the liquidation of that HELOC
or
if a charge-off occurs with respect to a HELOC.
In
general, we accomplish this loss protection with respect to HELOCs by allocating
any charge-off amounts first to reduce the amount of excess cashflow, second
to
reduce the overcollateralization amount, and third, among the notes and
certificates, as described in this prospectus supplement.
Excess
Spread and Overcollateralization.
We
expect the HELOCs to generate more interest than is needed to pay interest
on
the notes and certain trust expenses, because
we expect the weighted average net mortgage rate of the HELOCs to be higher
than
the weighted average note interest rate on the notes and, as
overcollateralization increases, such higher interest rate is paid on a
principal balance of HELOCs that is larger than the principal balance of the
notes. Interest payments received in respect of the HELOCs in excess of the
amount that is needed to pay interest on the notes and trust expenses will
be
used to reduce the total principal balance of such notes until a required level
of overcollateralization has been achieved.
We
refer you to “Description of the Notes — Payments on the Notes” in this
prospectus supplement.
Certificate
Guaranty Insurance Policy.
The
Class A Notes only will have the benefit of a certificate guaranty insurance
policy pursuant to which Ambac Assurance Corporation will unconditionally and
irrevocably guarantee certain interest shortfalls and charge-off amounts on
the
Class A Notes on each payment date and the principal balance of the Class A
Notes to the extent unpaid on the payment date in June 2036.
Master
Servicing and Servicing Fee
The
master servicer will be entitled to receive a fee on each payment date as
compensation for its activities under the sale and servicing agreement equal
to
1/12 of the master servicing fee rate multiplied by the stated principal balance
of the HELOCs as of the due date in the month preceding the month in which
such
payment date occurs.
The
master servicing fee rate will be 0.0195% per annum.
The
master servicer will pay the fees of the indenture trustee from the master
servicing fee.
Each
servicer will be entitled to receive a fee on each payment date as compensation
for its activities under the servicing agreement or the sale and servicing
agreement, as applicable, equal to 1/12 of the servicing fee rate multiplied
by
the stated principal balance of each HELOC serviced by it as of the due date
in
the month preceding the month in which such payment date occurs. The servicing
fee rate will be 0.5000% per annum.
In
addition to the primary compensation described above, the servicers will retain
all assumption fees, tax service fees, fees for statements of account payoff
and
late payment charges, all to the extent collected from mortgagors.
The
master servicer and each servicer will pay all related expenses incurred in
connection with its master servicing or servicing responsibilities, as
applicable, subject to limited reimbursement as described in this prospectus
supplement.
Optional
Termination
At
its
option, and with the consent of the note insurer if such action would result
in
a draw on the certificate guaranty insurance policy or if the note insurer
would
fail to receive all amounts owing to it, the majority holder of the Class E
Certificates may purchase all of the remaining assets in the trust fund when
the
sum of the principal balances of the notes has declined to or below 10% of
the
sum of the original principal balances of the notes. Such a purchase will result
in the early retirement of all the notes.
Federal
Income Tax Consequences
One
or
more elections will be made to treat designated portions of the trust (other
than the reserve fund) as a real estate mortgage investment conduit for federal
income tax purposes.
We
refer you to “Federal Income Tax Consequences” in this prospectus supplement and
“Material Federal Income Tax Considerations” in the prospectus for additional
information concerning the application of federal income tax
laws.
Legal
Investment
The
offered notes will not
be
“mortgage related securities” for purposes of the Secondary Mortgage Market
Enhancement Act of 1984.
We
refer you to “Legal Investment” in this prospectus
supplement and “Legal Investment Considerations” in the
prospectus.
ERISA
Considerations
The
Class
A Notes may be eligible for purchase by persons investing assets of employee
benefit plans or individual retirement accounts, subject to important
considerations. The Class A-IO Notes may not be purchased by plans. Plans should
consult with their legal advisors before investing in the Class A
Notes.
We
refer you to “ERISA Considerations” in this prospectus supplement and in the
prospectus.
Ratings
The
classes of offered notes listed below will not be offered unless they receive
the respective ratings set forth below from Standard
& Poor’s, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,
which
we refer to as “Standard & Poor’s,” and Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.,
which we refer to as “Moody’s.”
Class
|
Standard
& Poor’s Rating
|
Moody’s
Rating
|
A
|
AAA
|
Aaa
|
A-IO
|
AAA
|
Aaa
|
A
rating
is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities and either rating agency
can revise or withdraw such ratings at any time. In general, ratings address
credit risk and do not address the likelihood of prepayments
.
RISK
FACTORS
In
addition to the matters described elsewhere in this prospectus
supplement and the prospectus, you should carefully consider the following
risk
factors before deciding to purchase a note.
Excess
Interest May Be Inadequate to Cover Losses And/or to Build
Overcollateralization
|
|
HELOCs
are expected to generate more interest than is needed to pay interest
on
the notes and certain trust fund expenses because
we expect the weighted average mortgage rate on the HELOCs to be
higher
than the weighted average note interest rate on the offered notes.
If the
HELOCs generate more interest than is needed to pay interest on the
notes
and trust fund expenses, we will use such excess cashflow to make
additional principal payments on the notes, which will reduce the
total
note principal balance of those notes below the aggregate principal
balance of the HELOCs, until the required level of overcollateralization
is met. Overcollateralization is intended to provide limited protection
to
noteholders by absorbing the note’s share of charge-offs from charged-off
HELOCs. However, we cannot assure you that the amount of excess cashflow
generated on the HELOCs will be sufficient to maintain the required
level
of overcollateralization.
|
|
|
The
excess cashflow available on any payment date will be affected by
the
actual amount of interest received or recovered in respect of the
HELOCs
during the preceding month. Such amount may be influenced by changes
in
the weighted average of the mortgage rates resulting from prepayments,
defaults and liquidations of the HELOCs.
|
|
|
If
the protection afforded by overcollateralization is insufficient,
then you
could experience a loss on your investment.
|
The
Interest Rate Cap May Reduce the Yields on the Offered
Notes
|
|
The
note interest rates on the offered notes are each subject to a related
interest rate cap as described in this prospectus supplement. If
on any
payment date the note interest rate for a class of offered notes
is
limited to the related interest rate cap, the holders of the offered
notes
will receive a smaller amount of interest than they would have received
on
that payment date had the note interest rate for that class not been
calculated based on the related interest rate cap. If the note interest
rates on the offered notes are limited for any payment date, the
resulting
interest shortfalls may be recovered by the holders of these notes
on the
same payment date or on future payment dates on a subordinated basis
to
the extent that on such payment date or future payment dates there
are
available funds remaining after certain other payments with respect
to the
notes and the payment of certain fees and expenses of the
trust.
Any
such interest shortfalls allocated to the Class A Notes will not
be
covered by the certificate guaranty insurance policy issued by the
note
insurer.
See
“Description of the Notes—Payments on the Notes” in this prospectus
supplement.
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The
Class A Notes May Not Always Receive Interest Based on One- Month
LIBOR
Plus the Related Margin
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The
Class A Notes may not always receive interest at a rate equal to
One-Month
LIBOR plus the related margin. If the related interest rate cap is
less
than One-Month LIBOR plus the related margin, the interest rate on
the
Class A Notes will be reduced to such interest rate cap. Thus, the
yield
to investors in such class will be sensitive both to fluctuations
in the
level of One-Month LIBOR and to the adverse effects of the application
of
the related interest rate cap. The prepayment or default of the HELOCs
with relatively higher net mortgage rates, particularly during a
period of
increased One-Month LIBOR rates, may result in the related interest
rate
cap being lower than otherwise would be the case. If on any payment
date
the application of the related interest rate cap results in an interest
payment lower than One-Month LIBOR plus the related margin on the
Class A
Notes during the related interest accrual period, the value of such
class
of notes may be temporarily or permanently reduced.
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The
Class A-IO Notes May Not Always Receive Interest Based on a Fixed
Rate
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|
The
Class A-IO Notes may not always receive interest at a rate equal
to, on
any payment date prior to and including the payment date in August
2008,
5.50% per annum. If, during that period, the related interest rate
cap is
less than 5.50% per annum, the interest rate on the Class A-IO Notes
will
be reduced to such interest rate cap. Thus, the yield to investors
in such
class will be sensitive to the adverse effects of the application
of the
related interest rate cap. The prepayment or default of the HELOCs
with
relatively higher net mortgage rates may result in the related interest
rate cap being lower than otherwise would be the case. If on any
payment
date the application of the related interest rate cap results in
an
interest payment lower than 5.50% per annum on the Class A-IO Notes
during
the related interest accrual period on any payment date prior to
and
including the payment date in August 2008, the value of such class
of
notes may be temporarily or permanently reduced.
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To
the extent interest on the Class A-IO Notes during the applicable
period
is limited to the related interest rate cap, the difference between
such
interest rate cap and 5.50% per annum will create a shortfall. Such
shortfalls may remain unpaid on the final payment date, including
the
optional termination date.
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Defaults
Could Cause Payment Delays and Losses
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|
There
could be substantial delays in the liquidation of defaulted HELOCs
and
corresponding delays in receiving your portion of the proceeds of
liquidation. These delays could last up to several years. Furthermore,
an
action to obtain a deficiency judgment is regulated by statutes and
rules,
and the amount of a deficiency judgment may be limited by law. In
the
event of a default by a borrower, these restrictions may impede the
ability of the servicers to foreclose on or to sell the mortgaged
property
or to obtain a deficiency judgment. In addition, liquidation expenses
such
as legal and appraisal fees, real estate taxes and maintenance and
preservation expenses, will reduce the amount of security for the
HELOCs
and, in turn, reduce the proceeds payable to noteholders.
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|
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In
the event that:
•
the
mortgaged properties fail to provide adequate security for the HELOCs,
and
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|
•
the
protection provided by the subordination of certain classes and the
availability of excess cashflow and overcollateralization are insufficient
to cover any shortfall,
you
could lose all or a portion of the money you paid for your
notes.
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Your
Yield Could Be Adversely Affected By the Unpredictability of
Prepayments
|
|
No
one can accurately predict the level of prepayments that the trust
will
experience. The trust’s prepayment experience may be affected by many
factors, including:
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•
general
economic conditions,
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•
the
level of prevailing interest rates,
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•
the
availability of alternative financing, and
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•
homeowner
mobility.
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Certain
of the HELOCs contain due-on-sale provisions, and the servicers are
obligated to enforce those provisions unless doing so is not permitted
by
applicable law or the servicers, in a manner consistent with reasonable
commercial practice, permit the purchaser of the mortgaged property
in
question to assume the HELOC.
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The
weighted average lives of the notes will be sensitive to the rate
and
timing of principal payments, including prepayments, on the HELOCs,
which
may fluctuate significantly from time to time.
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You
should note that:
•
if
you purchase any Class A Notes at a discount and principal is repaid
on
the HELOCs slower than you anticipate, then your yield may be lower
than
you anticipate;
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•
if
you purchase your notes at a premium and principal is repaid on the
HELOCs
faster than you anticipate, then your yield may be lower than you
anticipate;
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|
•
if
you purchase a note bearing interest at an adjustable rate, your
yield
will also be sensitive both to the level of One-Month LIBOR and the
interest rate cap;
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•
since
repurchases of HELOCs as a result of breaches of representations
and
warranties and liquidations of HELOCs following default have the
same
effect as prepayments, your yield may be lower than you expect if
the rate
of such repurchases and liquidations is higher than you
expect;
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•
the
overcollateralization provisions, whenever overcollateralization
is at a
level below the required level, are intended to result in an accelerated
rate of principal payments to the noteholders then entitled to payments
of
principal. An earlier return of principal to the noteholders as a
result
of the overcollateralization provisions will influence the yield
on the
offered notes in a manner similar to the manner in which principal
prepayments on the HELOCs will influence the yield on the Class A
Notes;
and
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•
you
bear the reinvestment risks resulting from a faster or slower rate
of
principal payments than you expected.
The
sponsor may from time to time implement programs designed to encourage
refinancing. These programs may include, without limitation, modifications
of existing HELOCs, general or targeted solicitations, the offering
of
pre-approved applications, reduced origination fees or closing costs,
or
other financial incentives. Targeted solicitations may be based on
a
variety of factors, including the credit of the borrower or the location
of the mortgaged property. As a result of these programs, with respect
to
the mortgage pool underlying any trust, the rate of principal prepayments
of the mortgage loans in the mortgage pool may be higher than would
otherwise be the case, and in some cases, the average credit or collateral
quality of the mortgage loans remaining in the mortgage pool may
decline.
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We
refer you to “The Mortgage Pool” and “Yield, Prepayment and Maturity
Considerations” in this prospectus supplement and “Material Legal Aspects
of the Loans—Due-on-Sale Clauses in Mortgage Loans” in the prospectus for
a description of certain provisions of the mortgage loans that may
affect
the prepayment experience on the HELOCs.
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The
Class A-IO Notes Have Special Yield
Considerations
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The
Class A-IO Notes are entitled to receive payments of interest commencing
on the payment date in September 2006 and ending on the payment date
in
August 2008. The Class A-IO Notes will not receive any payments after
the
payment date in August 2008. However, if as a result of an extremely
rapid
rate of prepayments, the majority holder of the Class E Certificates
exercises its option to terminate the trust fund as described under
“Description of the Notes—Termination; Retirement of Notes” in this
prospectus supplement and such action results in the retirement of
the
notes prior to the payment date in August 2008, then the holders
of the
Class A-IO Notes will receive fewer than the twenty-four payments
of
interest than they would otherwise have been entitled to
receive.
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In
addition, the yield to maturity of the Class A-IO Notes will be extremely
sensitive to the rate of principal prepayments on the HELOCs, if,
prior to
the payment date in August 2008, the aggregate stated principal balance
of
the HELOCs is reduced below the notional amount applicable on the
respective payment date. Investors in the Class A-IO Notes should
fully
consider the risk that an extremely rapid rate of principal prepayment
on
the HELOCs could result in the failure of such investors to fully
recover
their investments.
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A
Reduction in Note Rating Could Have an Adverse Effect on the Value
of Your
Notes
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|
The
ratings of each class of offered notes will depend primarily on an
assessment by the rating agencies of the HELOCs, the amount of
overcollateralization and the subordination afforded by certain classes
of
notes and, with respect to the Class A Notes only, the certificate
guaranty insurance policy and the financial strength rating of the
note
insurer. The ratings by each of the rating agencies of the offered
notes
are not recommendations to purchase, hold or sell the offered notes
because such ratings do not address the market prices of the notes
or
suitability for a particular investor.
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The
rating agencies may suspend, reduce or withdraw the ratings on the
offered
notes at any time. Any reduction in, or suspension or withdrawal
of, the
rating assigned to a class of offered notes would probably reduce
the
market value of such class of offered notes and may affect your ability
to
sell them.
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Your
Payments Could Be Adversely Affected By the Bankruptcy or Insolvency
of
Certain Parties
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The
sponsor will treat the transfer of HELOCs to the depositor as a sale
of
the HELOCs. However, if the sponsor becomes bankrupt, the trustee
in
bankruptcy may argue that the HELOCs were not sold but were only
pledged
to secure a loan to the sponsor. If that argument is made, you could
experience delays or reductions in payments on the notes. If that
argument
is successful, the bankruptcy trustee could elect to sell the HELOCs
and
pay down the notes early. Thus, you could lose the right to future
payments of interest, and might suffer reinvestment loss in a lower
interest rate environment.
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In
addition, if one of the servicers or master servicer becomes bankrupt
or
insolvent, a bankruptcy trustee or receiver may have the power to
prevent
the appointment of a successor servicer or master servicer, as applicable.
Any related delays in servicing could result in increased delinquencies
or
charge-offs with respect to the HELOCs.
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Developments
in Specified Regions Could Have a Disproportionate Effect on the
HELOCs
Due to Geographic Concentration of Mortgaged
Properties
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Approximately
36.01%, 10.13%, 10.10% and 7.83% of the HELOCs, by aggregate principal
balance as of the cut-off date, are secured by mortgaged properties
that
are located in the states of California,
Virginia, Florida and Illinois,
respectively. Property in those states or in any other region having
a
significant concentration of properties underlying the HELOCs may
be more
susceptible than homes located in other parts of the country to certain
types of uninsurable hazards, such as earthquakes, floods, mudslides
and
other natural disasters. In addition,
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•
economic
conditions in the specified regions, which may or may not affect
real
property values, may affect the ability of borrowers to repay their
loans
on time;
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•
declines
in the residential real estate market in the specified regions may
reduce
the values of properties located in those regions, which would result
in
an increase in the loan-to-value ratios; and
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•
any
increase in the market value of properties located in the specified
regions would reduce the loan-to-value ratios and could, therefore,
make
alternative sources of financing available to the borrowers at lower
interest rates, which could result in an increased rate of prepayment
of
the HELOCs.
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Violation
of Consumer Protection Laws May Result in Losses on the HELOCs and
the
Offered Notes
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Applicable
state laws generally regulate interest rates and other charges, require
certain disclosure, and require licensing of the originator. In addition,
other state laws, public policy and general principles of equity
relating
to the protection of consumers, unfair and deceptive practices and
debt
collection practices may apply to the origination, servicing and
collection of the mortgage loans and HELOCs.
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The
HELOCs are also subject to federal laws, including:
•
the
Federal Truth-in-Lending Act and Regulation Z promulgated thereunder,
which require certain disclosures to the mortgagors regarding the
terms of
the HELOCs;
•
the
Equal Credit Opportunity Act and Regulation B promulgated thereunder,
which prohibit discrimination on the basis of age, race, color, sex,
religion, marital status, national origin, receipt of public assistance
or
the exercise of any right under the Consumer Credit Protection Act,
in the
extension of credit; and
•
the
Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of
1980,
which preempts certain state usury laws.
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Violations
of certain provisions of these federal and state laws may limit the
ability of the related servicer to collect all or part of the principal
of
or interest on the HELOCs and in addition could subject the trust
to
damages and administrative enforcement. In particular, the failure
of the
originators to comply with certain requirements of the Federal
Truth-in-Lending Act, as implemented by Regulation Z, could subject
the
trust to monetary penalties and result in the mortgagors’ rescinding the
HELOCs against the trust. In addition to federal law, some states
have
enacted, or may enact, laws or regulations that prohibit inclusion
of some
provisions in HELOCs that have interest rates or origination costs
in
excess of prescribed levels, that require mortgagors be given certain
disclosures prior to the consummation of the HELOCs and that restrict
the
ability of the related servicer to foreclose in response to the
mortgagor’s default. The failure of the originators to comply with these
laws could subject the trust to significant monetary penalties, could
result in the mortgagors rescinding the HELOCs against the trust
and/or
limit the related servicer’s ability to foreclose upon the related
mortgaged property in the event of a mortgagor’s default.
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Under
the anti-predatory lending laws of some states, the borrower is required
to meet a net tangible benefits test in connection with the origination
of
the related mortgage loan. This test may be highly subjective and
open to
interpretation. As a result, a court may determine that a mortgage
loan
does not meet the test even if the originators reasonably believed
that
the test was satisfied. Any determination by a court that a mortgage
loan
does not meet the test will result in a violation of the state
anti-predatory lending law, in which case the sponsor will be required
to
purchase that HELOC from the trust fund.
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The
sponsor will represent that, as of the closing date, each HELOC is
in
compliance with applicable federal and state laws and regulations.
In the
event of a breach of such representation, the sponsor will be obligated
to
cure such breach or repurchase or replace the affected HELOC in the
manner
described in this prospectus supplement. If the sponsor is unable
or
otherwise fails to satisfy such obligations, the yield on the offered
notes may be materially and adversely affected.
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You
May Have Difficulty Selling Your Notes
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The
underwriter intends to make a secondary market in the offered notes,
but
the underwriter has no obligation to do so. We cannot assure you
that a
secondary market will develop or, if it develops, that it will continue.
Consequently, you may not be able to sell your notes readily or at
prices
that will enable you to realize your desired yield. The market values
of
the notes are likely to fluctuate, and such fluctuations may be
significant and could result in significant losses to you.
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The
secondary markets for asset-backed securities have experienced periods
of
illiquidity and can be expected to do so in the future. Illiquidity
can
have a severely adverse effect on the prices of notes that are especially
sensitive to prepayment, credit or interest rate risk, or that have
been
structured to meet the investment requirements of limited categories
of
investors.
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The
Return on Your Notes Could Be Reduced by Shortfalls Due
to the Application of the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act and Similar
State Laws
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The
Servicemembers Civil Relief Act, or the Relief Act, and similar state
or
local laws provide relief to mortgagors who enter active military
service
and to mortgagors in reserve status who are called to active military
service after the origination of their mortgage loans or HELOCs.
The
ongoing military operations of the United States in Iraq and Afghanistan
have caused an increase in the number of citizens in active military
duty,
including those citizens previously in reserve status. Under the
Relief
Act the interest rate applicable to a mortgage loan or HELOC for
which the
related mortgagor is called to active military service will be reduced
from the percentage stated in the related mortgage note to 6.00%.
This
interest rate reduction and any reduction provided under similar
state or
local laws will result in an interest shortfall because neither the
servicers nor the master servicer will be able to collect the amount
of
interest which otherwise would be payable with respect to such mortgage
loan if the Relief Act or similar state or local law was not applicable
thereto. This shortfall will not be paid by the mortgagor on future
due
dates and, therefore, will reduce the amount available to pay interest
to
the noteholders on subsequent payment dates. We do not know how many
HELOCs in the mortgage pool have been or may be affected by the
application of the Relief Act or similar state or local laws. Any
Relief
Act shortfall respecting the Class A Notes will not be covered by
the
certificate guaranty insurance policy issued by the note
insurer.
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Junior
Lien
Positions May Cause a Payment Delay or a Loss on the Offered
Notes
|
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Approximately
98.61% of the aggregate principal balance of the HELOCs as of the
cut-off
date are secured by second mortgages or deeds of trust. The proceeds
from
any liquidation, insurance or condemnation proceedings will be available
to satisfy the outstanding balance of the HELOCs in a junior lien
position
only to the extent that the claims of any senior mortgages have been
satisfied in full. If it is uneconomical to foreclose on a mortgaged
property, the servicers may write off the entire outstanding balance
of
the HELOC as a bad debt. These risks are greater if a HELOC has a
high
combined loan-to-value ratio or low junior-lien ratio because it
is more
likely that the servicers would determine foreclosure to be uneconomical.
If the proceeds remaining from a sale of a mortgaged property are
insufficient to satisfy the HELOCs and the other forms of credit
enhancement are insufficient to cover the loss and, with respect
to the
Class A Notes, the note insurer fails to perform its obligations
under the
certificate guaranty insurance policy, then (i) there will be a delay
in
payments to holders of the offered notes while a deficiency judgment
against the borrower is sought and (ii) the noteholders may
incur a loss if a deficiency judgment cannot be obtained or is not
realized upon.
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Payments
on the HELOCs And,
With Respect to the Class A Notes, the Certificate Guaranty Insurance
Policy, Are the Sole Sources of Payments on the Offered
Notes
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Credit
enhancement will be provided for the offered notes in the form of
excess
interest collections allocable to the investors, as required and
as
described in this prospectus supplement, any overcollateralization
that
may be created, structural subordination and, with respect to the
Class A
Notes only, the certificate guaranty insurance policy. None of the
sponsor
, the depositor, the underwriter, the indenture trustee, the owner
trustee, the securities administrator, the master servicer, the servicers,
the note insurer or any of their affiliates will have any obligation
to
replace or supplement the credit enhancement, or take any other action
to
maintain any rating of the offered notes. To the extent that the
investor's portion of any charge-offs incurred on any of the HELOCs
are
not covered by the foregoing, the holders of the offered notes will
bear
all risk of such losses resulting from default by mortgagors.
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The
Rate
of Prepayments on the HELOCs Will Be Affected By Various
Factors
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The
yield to maturity of the offered notes will depend on a variety of
factors, including:
· the
rate and timing of principal payments on the HELOCs (including payments
in
excess of required installments, prepayments in full, liquidations
and
repurchases due to breaches of representations or
warranties);
· the
majority holder of the Class E Certificate’s option to exercise its
optional termination rights;
· the
rate and timing of new draws on the HELOCs;
· the
availability of excess interest to cover any basis risk shortfall
on the
offered notes; and
· the
purchase price.
Neither
the servicers nor the master servicer will advance delinquent payments
of
principal or interest on the HELOCs.
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Since
mortgagors can generally prepay their HELOCs at any time, the rate
and
timing of principal payments on the Class A Notes will be highly
uncertain. The interest rates on the HELOCs are subject to adjustment
based on changes in the prime rate, and are subject to certain
limitations. Any increase in the interest rate on a HELOC may encourage
a
mortgagor to prepay the loan. The deductibility of interest payments
for
federal tax purposes, however, may act as a disincentive to prepayment,
despite an increase in the interest rate. In addition, due to the
revolving feature of the loans, the rate of principal payments may
be
unrelated to changes in market rates of interest. Refinancing programs,
which may involve soliciting all or some of the mortgagors to refinance
their HELOCs, may increase the rate of prepayments on the
HELOCs.
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The
Depositor
Has Limited Information Regarding Prepayment History of the
HELOCs
|
|
All
of the HELOCs may be prepaid in whole or in part at any time. Neither
the
sponsor nor the depositor is aware of any publicly available studies
or
statistics on the rate of prepayment of home equity lines of credit.
HELOCs usually are not viewed by borrowers as permanent financing
and may
experience a higher rate of prepayment than traditional home equity
lines
of credit. The trust’s prepayment experience may be affected by a wide
variety of factors, including:
· general
economic conditions,
· interest
rates,
· the
availability of alternative financing,
· homeowner
mobility, and
· changes
affecting the ability to deduct interest payments on home equity
lines of
credit for federal income tax purposes.
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Cash
Flow
Is Limited in Early Years of HELOCs
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Each
HELOC has a draw period that lasts up to five, ten or fifteen years,
and,
generally, a repayment term, following the draw period, of generally
fifteen years. Some of the HELOCs require repayment of the principal
amount outstanding at the end of the draw period. No principal or
a
minimal amount of principal is due during the draw period although
a
borrower may voluntarily make a principal payment. Following the
draw
period, monthly principal payments during the repayment period are
required in amounts that will amortize the amount outstanding at
the
commencement of the repayment period over the remaining term of the
HELOC.
Collections on the HELOCs may also vary due to seasonal purchasing
and
payment habits of borrowers. As a result there may be limited collections
available to make payments to holders of the offered notes and investors
in the Class A Notes may receive payments of principal more slowly
than
anticipated.
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There
Is
an Increased Risk of Loss to Noteholders As Monthly Payments Increase
at
the Beginning of the Repayment Period
|
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The
HELOCs require no principal payments or minimal principal payments
during
the first five, ten or fifteen years following origination. The HELOCs
require repayment of the principal amount outstanding at the commencement
of the repayment period over the remaining term in equal monthly
installments or at the end of the draw period. The HELOCs pose a
special
payment risk because the borrower must start making substantially
higher
monthly payments at the start of the repayment period. If the borrower
is
unable to make such increased payments, the borrower may default.
Investors in the Class A Notes may suffer a loss if the collateral
for
such loan, and the other forms of credit enhancement, are insufficient
or
unavailable to cover the loss and, with respect to the Class A Notes,
the
note insurer fails to perform under the certificate guaranty insurance
policy.
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Class
A
Notes Ratings Are Based Primarily on the Financial Strength of the
Note
Insurer
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|
The
rating on the Class A Notes depend primarily on an assessment by
the
rating agencies of the HELOCs and the financial strength of the note
insurer. Any reduction of the rating assigned to the financial strength
of
the note insurer may cause a corresponding reduction in the rating
assigned to the Class A Notes. A reduction in the rating assigned
to the
Class A Notes will reduce the market value of these notes and may
affect
the ability of investors in these notes to sell them.
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The
Incurrence
of Debt By Borrowers Could Increase the Risk to Investors in the
Offered
Notes
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|
With
respect to HELOCs that were used for debt consolidation, there can
be no
assurance that the borrower will not incur further debt. This reloading
of
debt could impair the ability of borrowers to service their debts,
which
in turn could result in higher rates of delinquency and loss on the
HELOCs.
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FICO
Scores Are Not an Indicator of Future Performance of
Borrowers
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|
Investors
should be aware that FICO scores are based on past payment history
of the
borrower. Investors should not rely on FICO scores as an indicator
of
future borrower performance. See “The Mortgage Pool — Underwriting
Guidelines” herein.
|
THE
MORTGAGE POOL
General
We
have
provided below and in Schedule A to this prospectus supplement information
with
respect to the home equity lines of credit (the “HELOCs”) that we expect to
include in the mortgage pool in the trust fund. Prior to the closing date of
September 15, 2006, we may remove HELOCs from the mortgage pool and we may
substitute other home equity lines of credit for the HELOCs we remove. The
depositor believes that the information set forth in this prospectus supplement
will be representative of the characteristics of the mortgage pool as it will
be
constituted at the time the notes are issued, although the range of mortgage
rates and maturities and other characteristics of the HELOCs may vary. Unless
we
have otherwise indicated, the information we present below and in Schedule
A is
expressed as of the Cut-off Date, which is August 15, 2006. The HELOC principal
balances that are transferred to the trust will be the aggregate principal
balance as of the Cut-off Date.
The
HELOCs will be selected for inclusion in the mortgage pool based on rating
agency criteria, compliance with representations and warranties, and conformity
to criteria relating to the characterization of securities for tax, ERISA,
Form
S-3 eligibility and other legal purposes.
HELOCs
The
HELOCs will consist of a pool of first- and second-lien, adjustable-rate home
equity lines of credit.
The
HELOCs had an aggregate principal balance as of the Cut-off Date of
approximately $361,200,413.29. Approximately 98.61% and 1.39% of the HELOCs,
by
aggregate principal balance as of the Cut-off Date, are secured by second liens
and first liens, respectively.
The
average drawn balance of the HELOCs as of the Cut-off Date will be approximately
$68,383.27. No HELOC had a principal balance as
of the
Cut-off
Date of greater than approximately $1,139,361.06.
As
of the
Cut-off Date, the HELOCs had HELOC rates ranging from approximately 3.000%
per
annum to approximately 18.000% per annum and the weighted-average HELOC rate
will be approximately 10.432% per annum. The weighted average remaining term
to
stated maturity of the HELOCs will be approximately 291 months as of the Cut-off
Date. None of the HELOCs will have a first due date prior to March 1, 2004,
or
after August 20, 2006, or will have a remaining term to maturity of less than
90
months or greater than 357 months as of the Cut-off Date. The latest maturity
date of any HELOC is May 15, 2036.
None
of
the HELOCs provide for prepayment charges.
The
HELOCs will have the following characteristics as of the Cut-off Date, unless
otherwise indicated below:
· |
The
average credit limit of the HELOCs is approximately
$74,426.18.
|
· |
The
weighted average margin of the HELOCs is approximately
2.722%.
|
· |
The
weighted average seasoning of the HELOCs is 5
months.
|
· |
The
weighted average remaining term of the HELOCs is 291
months.
|
· |
The
weighted average remaining draw term of the HELOCs is 120
months.
|
· |
The
weighted average credit score of the HELOCs as of the Cut-off Date
is
approximately 717.
|
· |
The
weighted average credit limit utilization rate based on the credit
limits
of the HELOCs is approximately
96.65%.
|
· |
The
weighted average junior lien ratio of the HELOCs based on the related
credit limit is approximately
61.56%.
|
· |
With
respect to 36.01%, 10.13%, 10.10% and 7.83% of the HELOCs, the related
mortgaged properties are located in California, Virginia, Florida
and
Illinois, respectively, and no other state or geographic location
had a
concentration of HELOCs in excess of 5% as of the Cut-off
Date.
|
· |
The
weighted average original term to maturity of the HELOCs as of the
Cut-off
Date will be approximately 295
months.
|
· |
Approximately
90.27% of the HELOCs will be secured by owner occupied property and
9.73%
of the HELOCs will be secured by non-owner occupied and second-home
properties.
|
· |
Approximately
29.13% of the HELOCs were originated under full/alternative documentation
programs. The remainder of the HELOCs were originated under limited
or no
documentation programs.
|
· |
No
HELOC provides for deferred interest or negative
amortization.
|
· |
As
of the Cut-off Date, none of the HELOCs were 31 or more days delinquent
in
payment of principal and interest.
|
With
respect to each first-lien HELOC, the combined loan-to-value ratio is equal
to
the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the credit limit to the lesser of
the
appraised value and the purchase price. With respect to each second-lien HELOC,
the combined loan-to-value ratio is equal to the ratio, expressed as a
percentage, of (A) the sum of (i) the credit limit and (ii) any outstanding
principal balance, at the time of origination of such HELOC, of all other
mortgage loans, if any, secured by senior liens on the related mortgaged
property, to (B) (i) with respect to those second-lien HELOCs for which the
proceeds were used to purchase the related mortgaged property, the lesser of
the
appraised value and the purchase price, and (ii) with respect to all other
second-lien HELOCs, the appraised value.
HELOC
Terms
Interest
on each HELOC is calculated based on the average daily balance outstanding
during the billing cycle. With respect to each HELOC, the billing cycle is
the
calendar month preceding the due date.
Each
HELOC has a loan rate that is subject to adjustments on each adjustment date
to
equal the sum of (a) the index and (b) the gross margin specified in the related
credit line agreement; provided, however, that the loan rate will in no event
be
greater than the maximum loan rate set forth in the related credit line
agreement and subject to the maximum rate permitted by applicable law. The
adjustment date is the first day of each related billing cycle beginning on
the
date specified in the applicable credit line agreement. The index for any
adjustment date will be the prime rate for corporate loans at United States
commercial banks, as published in The Wall Street Journal on the first business
day of the month in which the relevant billing cycle begins. If, on any day,
more than one prime rate or a range of prime rates for corporate loans at United
States commercial banks is published in The Wall Street Journal, the index
on
such day will be the highest of the prime rates.
Each
HELOC had a term to maturity from the date of origination of not more than
360
months. The borrower for each HELOC may make a draw under the related credit
line agreement at any time during the draw period. The draw period begins on
the
related origination date and will be 5, 10 or 15 years. The maximum amount
of
each draw under any HELOC is equal to the excess, if any, of the credit limit
over the outstanding principal balance under such credit line agreement at
the
time of such draw. Each HELOC may be prepaid in full or in part at any time
and
without penalty, but with respect to each HELOC, the related borrower will
have
the right during the related draw period to make a draw in the amount of any
prepayment previously made with respect to such HELOC, up to the credit limit.
Each borrower generally will have access to make draws with either checks or
a
credit card, subject to applicable law. The credit line agreement or mortgage
related to each HELOC generally will contain a customary “due-on-sale”
clause.
A
borrower's rights to receive draws during the related draw period may be
suspended, or the credit limit may be reduced for cause under a number of
circumstances, including, but not limited to:
· |
a
materially adverse change in the borrower's financial
circumstances;
|
· |
a
decline in the value of the mortgaged property significantly below
its
appraised value at origination; or
|
· |
a
payment default by the borrower.
|
However,
a suspension or reduction generally will not affect the payment terms for
previously drawn balances. The servicers will have no obligation to investigate
as to whether any of those circumstances have occurred and may have no knowledge
of their occurrence. Therefore, there can be no assurance that any borrower's
ability to receive draws will be suspended or reduced if the foregoing
circumstances occur. In the event of default under a revolving credit loan,
the
HELOC may be terminated and declared immediately due and payable in full. For
this purpose, a default includes, but is not limited to:
· |
the
borrower's failure to make any payment as
required;
|
· |
any
action or inaction by the borrower that adversely affects the mortgaged
property or the rights in the mortgaged property;
or
|
· |
fraud
or material misrepresentation by the borrower in connection with
the home
equity line of credit.
|
Prior
to
the end of the related draw period, the borrower for each HELOC will be
obligated to make monthly payments in a minimum amount that generally will
be
equal to the finance charge for each billing cycle. In addition, except as
described below, after the related draw period, the borrower will be obligated
to make monthly payments consisting of principal installments that would
substantially amortize the principal balance by the maturity date, and to pay
any current finance charges and additional charges.
The
finance charge for each HELOC for any billing cycle will be an amount equal
to
the aggregate, as calculated for each day in the billing cycle, of the
then-applicable loan rate divided by 360 multiplied by that day's principal
balance. The account balance on any day generally will equal:
· |
the
principal balance on that date,
plus
|
· |
additional
charges, if any, consisting of unpaid fees, insurance premiums and
other
charges, plus
|
· |
unpaid
finance charges, plus
|
· |
draws
funded on that day, minus
|
· |
all
payments and credits applied to the repayment of the principal balance
on
that day.
|
Payments
made by or on behalf of the borrower for each HELOC will be applied to any
unpaid finance charges that are due thereon prior to application to any unpaid
principal outstanding.
The
principal balance of any HELOC, other than a Charged-Off HELOC, on any day
will
be the Cut-off Date balance, plus (x) any additional balances relating to that
HELOC conveyed to the trust minus (y) all collections credited against the
principal balance of that HELOC in accordance with the related credit line
agreement prior to that day, and (z) all prior related Charge-Off Amounts.
The
principal balance of a Charged-Off HELOC after final recovery of substantially
all of the related liquidation proceeds which the related servicer reasonably
expects to receive shall be zero.
The
servicers will have the option to allow an increase in the credit limit
applicable to any HELOC under limited circumstances described under the
Servicing Agreement or the Sale and Servicing Agreement, as
applicable.
Originators
The
principal originators of the HELOCs are: American Home Mortgage Corp., with
respect to approximately 31.07% of the HELOCs, SouthStar Funding, LLC, with
respect to approximately 19.79% of the HELOCs, Just Mortgage Inc., with respect
to approximately 16.15% of the HELOCs, and Metrocities Mortgage, LLC, with
respect to approximately 11.80% of the HELOCs. The remainder of the HELOCs
were
originated by various originators, none of which has originated more than 10%
of
the HELOCs.
American
Home Mortgage Corp.
General
American
Home Mortgage Corp. (“American
Home”)
is a
New York corporation. American Home conducts lending through retail and
wholesale loan production offices and its correspondent channel as well as
its
direct-to-consumer channel supported by American Home’s call center. American
Home operates more than 600 retail and wholesale loan production offices located
in 45 states and the District of Columbia and makes loans throughout all 50
states and the District of Columbia. American Home has been originating mortgage
loans since its incorporation in 1988, and has been originating HELOCs since
2003. The principal executive offices of American Home are located at 538
Broadhollow Road, Melville, New York 11747.
The
following table reflects American Home’s originations of HELOCs for the past
three years and for the six months ended June 30, 2006:
|
Year
Ended
December
31, 2003
|
Year
Ended
December
31, 2004
|
Year
Ended
December
31, 2005
|
Six
Months Ended
June
30, 2006
|
Number
of Loans
|
1,077
|
6,781
|
11,907
|
2,686
|
Principal
Balance
|
$ 59,956,566
|
$ 423,815,336
|
$ 820,071,908
|
$ 220,859,520
|
American
Home is not aware of any material legal proceedings pending against it or
against any of its property, including any proceedings known to be contemplated
by governmental authorities material to the holders of the offered
notes.
Underwriting
Criteria
The
following information generally describes American Home’s underwriting
guidelines with respect to HELOCs originated pursuant to its “conforming” or
“prime” underwriting guidelines and its Alt-A underwriting
guidelines.
The
HELOCs loans have been purchased or originated, underwritten and documented
in
accordance with the guidelines of specific private investors and the
non-conforming or Alt-A underwriting guidelines established by American
Home.
Currently,
American Home only originates HELOCs in cases where American Home also has
originated the first-lien mortgage loan for that particular borrower.
American
Home’s underwriting philosophy is to weigh all risk factors inherent in the loan
file, giving consideration to the individual transaction, borrower profile,
the
level of documentation provided and the property used to collateralize the
debt.
These standards are applied in accordance with applicable federal and state
laws
and regulations. Exceptions to the underwriting standards may be permitted
where
compensating factors are present. In the case of investment properties and
two-
to four-unit dwellings, income derived from the mortgage property may have
been
considered for underwriting purposes, in addition to the income of the mortgagor
from other sources. With respect to second homes and vacation properties, no
income derived from the property will have been considered for underwriting
purposes. Because each loan is different, American Home expects and encourages
underwriters to use professional judgment based on their experience in making
a
lending decision.
American
Home underwrites a borrower’s creditworthiness based solely on information that
American Home believes is indicative of the applicant’s willingness and ability
to pay the debt they would be incurring.
Non-conforming
loans are generally documented to the requirements of Fannie Mae and Freddie
Mac, in that the borrower provides the same information on the loan application
along with documentation to verify the accuracy of the information on the
application such as income, assets, other liabilities, etc. Certain
non-conforming stated income or stated asset products allow for less
verification documentation than Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac require. Certain
non-conforming Alt-A products also allow for less verification documentation
than Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac require. For these Alt-A products, the borrower
may not be required to verify employment income, assets required to close or
both. For some other Alt-A products, the borrower is not required to provide
any
information regarding employment income, assets required to close or both.
Alt-A
products with less verification documentation generally have other compensating
factors such as higher credit score or lower combined loan-to-value
requirements.
American
Home obtains a credit report for each borrower that summarizes each borrower’s
credit history. The credit report contains information from the three major
credit repositories, Equifax, Experian and TransUnion. These companies have
developed scoring models to identify the comparative risk of delinquency among
applicants based on characteristics within the applicant’s credit report. A
borrower’s credit score represents a comprehensive view of the borrower’s credit
history risk factors and is indicative of whether a borrower is likely to
default on a loan. Some of the factors used to calculate credit scores are
a
borrower’s incidents of previous delinquency, the number of credit accounts a
borrower has, the amount of available credit that a borrower has utilized,
the
source of a borrower’s existing credit, and recent attempts by a borrower to
obtain additional credit. Applicants who have higher credit scores will, as
a
group, have fewer defaults than those who have lower credit scores. The minimum
credit score allowed by American Home non-conforming loan guidelines for these
loans is 620 and the average is typically over 700. For American Home’s Alt-A
products, the minimum credit score is generally 580. If the borrowers do not
have a credit score they must have an alternative credit history showing at
least three trade lines with no payments over 60 days past due in the last
twelve months.
In
addition to reviewing the borrower’s credit history and credit score, American
Home underwriters closely review the borrower’s housing payment history. In
general, for non-conforming loans the borrower should not have made any mortgage
payments over 30 days after the due date for the most recent twelve months.
In
general, for Alt-A loans, the borrower may have no more than one payment that
was made over 30 days after the due date for the most recent twelve
months.
In
order
to determine if a borrower qualifies for a HELOC, such loan application is
manually underwritten by American Home’s underwriters. American Home’s Alt-A
loan products generally have been approved manually by its senior underwriters.
For such underwritten loans, the underwriter must ensure that the borrower’s
income will support the total housing expense on an ongoing basis. Underwriters
may give consideration to borrowers who have demonstrated an ability to carry
a
similar or greater housing expense for an extended period. In addition to the
monthly housing expense, the underwriter must evaluate the borrower’s ability to
manage all recurring payments on all debts, including the monthly housing
expense. When evaluating the ratio of all monthly debt payments to the
borrower’s monthly income (debt-to-income ratio), the underwriter should be
aware of the degree and frequency of credit usage and its impact on the
borrower’s ability to repay the loan. For example, borrowers who lower their
total obligations should receive favorable consideration and borrowers with
a
history of heavy usage and a pattern of slow or late payments should receive
less flexibility.
Every
mortgage loan is secured by a property that has been appraised by a licensed
appraiser in accordance with the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal
Practice of the Appraisal Foundation. The appraisers perform on-site inspections
of the property and report on the neighborhood and property condition in factual
and specific terms. Each appraisal contains an opinion of value that represents
the appraiser’s professional conclusion based on market data of sales of
comparable properties and a logical analysis with adjustments for differences
between the comparable sales and the subject property and the appraiser’s
judgment. In addition, each appraisal is reviewed for accuracy and consistency
by American Home’s vendor management company or an underwriter of American Home
or a mortgage insurance company contract underwriter.
The
appraiser’s value conclusion is used to calculate the ratio (combined
loan-to-value) of the loan amount(s) to the value of the property. For loans
made to purchase a property, this ratio is based on the lower of the sales
price
of the property and the appraised value. American Home sets various maximum
combined loan-to-value ratios based on the loan amount, property type, loan
purpose and occupancy of the subject property securing the loan. In general,
American Home requires lower combined loan-to-value ratios for those loans
that
are perceived to have a higher risk, such as high loan amounts, loans in which
additional cash is being taken out on a refinance transaction, loans on second
homes or loans on investment properties. A lower combined loan-to-value ratio
requires a borrower to have more equity in the property, which is a significant
additional incentive to the borrower to avoid default on the loan.
American
Home realizes that there may be some acceptable quality loans that fall outside
published guidelines and encourages “common sense” underwriting. Because a
multitude of factors are involved in a loan transaction, no set of guidelines
can contemplate every potential situation. Therefore, each case is weighed
individually on its own merits and exceptions to American Home’s underwriting
guidelines are allowed if sufficient compensating factors exist to offset any
additional risk due to the exception.
STATIC
POOL INFORMATION
The
depositor will provide static pool information, material to this offering,
with
respect to the experience of the sponsor in securitizing asset pools of the
same
type at
http://www.bearstearns.com/transactions/bsabs_i/saco2006-8/.
Information
provided through the Internet address above will not be deemed to be a part
of
this prospectus or the registration statement for the securities offered hereby
if it relates to any prior securities pool or vintage formed before January
1,
2006, or with respect to the mortgage pool (if applicable) any period before
January 1, 2006.
THE
ISSUING ENTITY
SACO
I
Trust 2006-8, a Delaware statutory trust, formed pursuant to the Trust
Agreement. The Trust Agreement constitutes the “governing instrument” under the
laws of the State of Delaware. After its formation, SACO I Trust 2006-8 will
not
engage in any activity other than (i) acquiring and holding the HELOCs and
the
other assets of the trust and proceeds therefrom, (ii) issuing the notes and
the
certificates, (iii) making payments on the notes and the certificates, and
(iv)
engaging in other activities that are necessary, suitable or convenient to
accomplish the foregoing or are incidental thereto or connected therewith.
The
foregoing restrictions are contained in the Trust Agreement. For a description
of other provisions relating to amending the Trust Agreement, please see “The
Agreements — Amendment of Agreement” in the prospectus.
The
assets of SACO I Trust 2006-8 will consist of the HELOCs and certain related
assets.
SACO
I
Trust 2006-8’s fiscal year end is December 31.
THE
DEPOSITOR
The
depositor, Bear Stearns Asset Backed Securities I LLC, was formed in the state
of Delaware in January 2004, and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Bear
Stearns Companies Inc. The depositor was organized for the sole purpose of
serving as a private secondary mortgage market conduit. The depositor does
not
have, nor is it expected in the future to have, any significant
assets.
The
depositor has been serving as a private secondary mortgage market conduit for
residential mortgage loans since 2004. As
of
March 31, 2006, the depositor has been involved in the issuance of securities
backed by residential mortgage loans in excess of $61,960,758,571.
In
conjunction with the sponsor’s acquisition of the HELOCs, the depositor will
execute a mortgage loan purchase agreement through which the loans will be
transferred to itself. These HELOCs are subsequently deposited in a common
law
or statutory trust, described in this prospectus supplement, which will then
issue the securities.
After
issuance and registration of the securities contemplated in this prospectus
supplement and any supplement hereto, the depositor will have no duties or
responsibilities with respect to the pool assets or the securities.
The
depositor’s principal executive offices are located at 383 Madison Avenue, New
York, New York 10179. Its telephone number is (212) 272-2000.
THE
SPONSOR
The
sponsor, EMC Mortgage Corporation, was incorporated in the State of Delaware
on
September 26, 1990, as a wholly owned subsidiary corporation of The Bear Stearns
Companies Inc., and is an affiliate of the depositor and the underwriter. The
sponsor was established as a mortgage banking company to facilitate the purchase
and servicing of whole loan portfolios containing various levels of quality
from
“investment quality” to varying degrees of “non-investment quality” up to and
including real estate owned assets (“REO”). The sponsor commenced operation in
Texas on October 9, 1990.
The
sponsor maintains its principal office at 2780 Lake Vista Drive, Lewisville,
Texas 75067. Its telephone number is (214) 626-3800.
Since
its
inception in 1990, the sponsor has purchased over $100 billion in residential
whole loans and servicing rights, which include the purchase of newly originated
alternative A, jumbo (prime) and sub-prime loans. Loans are purchased on a
bulk
and flow basis. The sponsor is one of the United States’ largest purchasers of
scratch and dent, sub-performing and non-performing residential mortgages and
REO from various institutions, including banks, mortgage companies, thrifts
and
the U.S. government. Loans are generally purchased with the ultimate strategy
of
securitization into an array of Bear Stearns’ securitizations based upon product
type and credit parameters, including those where the loan has become
re-performing or cash-flowing.
Performing
loans include first lien fixed rate and ARMs, as well as closed end fixed rate
second liens and lines of credit (“HELOCs”). Performing loans acquired by the
sponsor are subject to varying levels of due diligence prior to purchase.
Portfolios may be reviewed for credit, data integrity, appraisal valuation,
documentation, as well as compliance with certain laws. Performing loans
purchased will have been originated pursuant to the sponsor’s underwriting
guidelines or the originator’s underwriting guidelines that are acceptable to
the sponsor.
Subsequent
to purchase by the sponsor, performing loans are pooled together by product
type
and credit parameters and structured into RMBS, with the assistance of Bear
Stearns’ Financial Analytics and Structured Transactions group, for distribution
into the primary market.
The
sponsor has been securitizing residential mortgage loans since 1999. The
following table describes size, composition and growth of the sponsor’s total
portfolio of assets it has securitized as of the dates indicated.
|
|
December
31, 2003
|
|
December
31, 2004
|
|
December
31, 2005
|
|
June
30, 2006
|
|
Loan
Type
|
|
Number
|
|
Total
Portfolio
of
Loans
|
|
Number
|
|
Total
Portfolio
of
Loans
|
|
Number
|
|
Total
Portfolio
of
Loans
|
|
Number
|
|
Total
Portfolio
of
Loans
|
|
Alt-A
ARM
|
|
|
12,268
|
|
$
|
3,779,319,393.84
|
|
|
44,821
|
|
$
|
11,002,497,283.49
|
|
|
73,638
|
|
$
|
19,087,119,981.75
|
|
|
45,516
|
|
$
|
12,690,441,830.33
|
|
Alt-A
Fixed
|
|
|
15,907
|
|
$
|
3,638,653,583.24
|
|
|
15,344
|
|
$
|
4,005,790,504.28
|
|
|
17,294
|
|
$
|
3,781,150,218.13
|
|
|
9,735
|
|
$
|
2,365,141,449.49
|
|
HELOC
|
|
|
-
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
9,309
|
|
$
|
509,391,438.93
|
|
|
4,360
|
|
$
|
310,097,520.60
|
|
Prime
ARM
|
|
|
16,279
|
|
$
|
7,179,048,567.39
|
|
|
30,311
|
|
$
|
11,852,710,960.78
|
|
|
27,384
|
|
$
|
13,280,407,388.92
|
|
|
4,203
|
|
$
|
2,168,057,808.87
|
|
Prime
Fixed
|
|
|
2,388
|
|
$
|
1,087,197,396.83
|
|
|
1,035
|
|
$
|
509,991,605.86
|
|
|
3,526
|
|
$
|
1,307,685,538.44
|
|
|
1,803
|
|
$
|
484,927,212.35
|
|
Prime
Short Duration ARM
|
|
|
7,089
|
|
$
|
2,054,140,083.91
|
|
|
23,326
|
|
$
|
7,033,626,375.35
|
|
|
38,819
|
|
$
|
14,096,175,420.37
|
|
|
39,946
|
|
$
|
15,102,521,877.81
|
|
Reperforming
|
|
|
2,800
|
|
$
|
247,101,330.36
|
|
|
2,802
|
|
$
|
311,862,677.46
|
|
|
2,877
|
|
$
|
271,051,465.95
|
|
|
1,084
|
|
$
|
115,127,847.83
|
|
Seconds
|
|
|
-
|
|
$
|
-
|
|
|
14,842
|
|
$
|
659,832,093.32
|
|
|
114,899
|
|
$
|
5,609,656,263.12
|
|
|
68,788
|
|
$
|
3,755,330,847.76
|
|
SubPrime
|
|
|
29,303
|
|
$
|
2,898,565,285.44
|
|
|
98,426
|
|
$
|
13,051,338,552.19
|
|
|
101,156
|
|
$
|
16,546,152,274.44
|
|
|
34,396
|
|
$
|
6,069,878,975.92
|
|
Totals
|
|
|
86,034
|
|
$
|
20,884,025,641.01
|
|
|
230,907
|
|
$
|
48,427,650,052.73
|
|
|
388,902
|
|
$
|
74,488,789,990.05
|
|
|
209,831
|
|
$
|
43,061,525,370.96
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
With
respect to some of the securitizations organized by the sponsor, a “step-down”
trigger has occurred with respect to the loss and delinquency experience of
the
mortgage loans included in those securitizations, resulting in a sequential
payment of principal to the related certificates, from the certificates with
the
highest credit rating to the one with the lowest rating. In addition, with
respect to one securitization organized by the sponsor, a servicing trigger
required by the related financial guaranty insurer has occurred; however, the
insurer has granted extensions enabling the normal servicing activities to
continue.
The
sponsor has received a civil investigative demand (CID), from the Federal Trade
Commission (FTC), seeking documents and data relating to the sponsor’s business
and servicing practices. The CID was issued pursuant to a December 8, 2005
resolution of the FTC authorizing non-public investigations of various unnamed
subprime lenders, loan servicers and loan brokers to determine whether there
have been violations of certain consumer protections laws. The sponsor is
cooperating with the FTC’s inquiry.
Legal
Proceedings
MortgageIT,
Inc. (“MIT”) is the originator and seller to the sponsor with respect to
approximately 6.62% of the HELOCs in the aggregate. On February 16, 2006, the
sponsor commenced litigation against MIT in connection with a dispute as to
MIT's obligations to repurchase certain mortgage loans from the sponsor, due
to
alleged breaches of representations and warranties as well as early payment
default repurchase obligations. Substantially all of the mortgage loans involved
in the dispute are subprime loans. However, none of the mortgage loans involved
in the dispute are or will be included in the mortgage pool.
MASTER
SERVICING AND SERVICING
OF HELOCS
General
LaSalle
Bank National Association (“LaSalle”) will act as master servicer pursuant to
the Sale and Servicing Agreement. LaSalle is a national banking association
formed under the federal laws of the United States of America. Its parent
company, LaSalle Bank Corporation, is a subsidiary of ABN AMRO Bank N.V., a
Netherlands banking corporation. The long-term unsecured debt of LaSalle is
rated “A+” by S&P, “Aa3” by Moody’s and “AA-” by Fitch Ratings.
LaSalle
launched its master servicing business in June 2005 and since that time has
served as master servicer on approximately 20 residential mortgage-backed
securitization transactions with an outstanding principal balance of
approximately $10.6 billion and involving mortgage loans and HELOCs. Though
it
is a new initiative, LaSalle’s master servicing business is managed and
administered by a team of employees with collectively over 15 years of
experience in the residential mortgage master servicing industry. As further
described in the Sale and Servicing Agreement, LaSalle, as master servicer,
will
(i) supervise, oversee and monitor the performance by the servicers of their
obligations under the Sale and Servicing Agreement and the Servicing Agreement,
as applicable, (ii) review certain reports, information and data provided to
it
by the servicers, as applicable, (iii) enforce the obligations, covenants and
conditions of the servicers as set forth in the Sale and Servicing Agreement
and
the Servicing Agreement, as applicable (iv) monitor the servicers’ servicing
activities with respect to each HELOC, (v) reconcile the results of such
monitoring with the information and data provided to the master servicer by
the
servicers on a monthly basis, (vi) coordinate necessary corrective adjustments
to the servicers’ and the master servicer’s records, (vii) based on such
reconciled and corrected information, provide such information to the securities
administrator as shall be necessary in order for it to perform calculations
in
respect of the Notes and prepare the monthly statement to Noteholders, and
(viii) enforce any remedies available to the trust against any servicer for
the
servicer’s failure to perform its obligations under the Sale and Servicing
Agreement or the Servicing Agreement, as applicable, including terminating
the
servicer and appointing a successor servicer (which could be the master
servicer) as further specified in the Sale and Servicing Agreement.
The
depositor, the sponsor, the owner trustee, the indenture trustee, the Note
Insurer and either servicer may maintain other banking relationships in the
ordinary course of business with LaSalle. LaSalle’s corporate trust office for
master servicing purposes is located at 135 South LaSalle Street, Suite 1511,
Chicago, Illinois, 60603, Attention: Global Securities and Trust Services -
SACO
2006-8 or at such other address as LaSalle may designate from time to
time.
GMAC
Mortgage Corporation (“GMACM”) will act as the servicer with respect to
approximately 72.68% of the HELOCs. EMC Mortgage Corporation (“EMC”) will act as
servicer with respect to approximately 27.26% of the HELOCs.
The
remainder of the HELOCs will be serviced by various servicers, none of which
will service more than 10% of the HELOCs.
GMACM
General
GMACM
is
a Pennsylvania corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of GMAC Residential
Holding Corporation, which is a wholly owned subsidiary of Residential Capital
Corporation (“ResCap”). ResCap is a wholly-owned subsidiary
of GMAC Mortgage Group, Inc., which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of General
Motors Acceptance Corporation (“GMAC”). GMAC is a wholly-owned subsidiary of
General Motors Corporation.
GMACM
began acquiring, originating and servicing residential mortgage loans in 1985
through its acquisition of Colonial Mortgage Service Company, which was formed
in 1926, and the loan administration, servicing operations and portfolio of
Norwest Mortgage, which entered the residential mortgage loan business in 1906.
These businesses formed the original basis of what is now GMACM.
GMACM
maintains its executive and principal offices at 100 Witmer Road, Horsham,
Pennsylvania 19044. Its telephone number is (215) 682 1000.
In
addition, GMACM purchases mortgage loans originated by GMAC Bank, which is
wholly-owned by ResCap and an affiliate of GMACM. All of the mortgage loans
that
GMAC Bank originates are originated in accordance with GMACM’s underwriting
standards described below. GMAC Bank is a federal savings bank and was formed
in
2001.
The
diagram below illustrates the ownership structure among the parties affiliated
with GMACM.
Servicing
Activities
GMACM
generally retains the servicing rights with respect to loans it sells or
securitizes, and also occasionally purchases mortgage servicing
rights from other servicers or acts as a subservicer of mortgage loans (and
does
not hold the corresponding mortgage servicing right asset).
As
of
June 30, 2006, GMACM acted as primary servicer and owned the corresponding
servicing rights on approximately 2,127,293 million of residential
mortgage
loans having an aggregate unpaid principal balance of approximately
$263 billion, and GMACM acted as subservicer (and did not own the
corresponding servicing rights) on approximately 287,640 loans having an
aggregate unpaid principal balance of over $42.5 billion.
The
following tables set forth the mortgage loans serviced by GMACM for the periods
indicated, and the annual average number of such loans for the same period.
GMACM was the servicer of a residential mortgage loan portfolio of approximately
$150.4 billion, $12.5 billion, $21.2 billion and $6.67 billion during the year
ended December 31, 2002 backed by prime conforming mortgage loans, prime
non-conforming mortgage loans, government mortgage loans and second-lien
mortgage loans, respectively. GMACM was the servicer of a residential mortgage
loan portfolio of approximately $194.9 billion, $32.9 billion, $18.3 billion
and
$17.2 billion during the six months ended June 30, 2006 backed by prime
conforming mortgage loans, prime non-conforming mortgage loans, government
mortgage loans and second-lien mortgage loans, respectively. The percentages
shown under “Percentage Change from Prior Year” represent the ratio of
(a) the difference between the current and prior year volume over
(b) the prior year volume.
GMAC
MORTGAGE CORPORATION PRIMARY SERVICING PORTFOLIO
($
IN MILLIONS)
|
For
the Six Months Ended June 30,
|
For
the Year Ended December 31,
|
|
2006
|
2005
|
2004
|
2003
|
2002
|
Prime
conforming mortgage loans
|
|
|
|
|
|
No.
of Loans
|
1,420,904
|
1,392,870
|
1,323,249
|
1,308,284
|
1,418,843
|
Dollar
Amount of Loans
|
$194,872
|
$186,364
|
$165,521
|
$153,601
|
$150,421
|
Percentage
Change
from
Prior Year
|
4.57%
|
12.59%
|
7.76%
|
2.11%
|
N/A
|
Prime
non-conforming mortgage loans
|
|
|
|
|
|
No.
of Loans……………………
|
69,793
|
69,488
|
53,119
|
34,041
|
36,225
|
Dollar
Amount of Loans……….
|
$32,896
|
$32,385
|
$23,604
|
$13,937
|
$12,543
|
Percentage
Change
from
Prior Year
|
1.58%
|
37.20%
|
69.36%
|
11.12%
|
N/A
|
Government
mortgage loans
|
|
|
|
|
|
No.
of Loans…………………….
|
179,721
|
181,679
|
191,844
|
191,023
|
230,085
|
Dollar
Amount of Loans……….
|
$18,342
|
$18,098
|
$18,328
|
$17,594
|
$21,174
|
Percentage
Change
from
Prior Year
|
1.35%
|
(1.25)%
|
4.17%
|
(16.91)%
|
N/A
|
Second-lien
mortgage loans
|
|
|
|
|
|
No.
of Loans……………………
|
456,875
|
392,261
|
350,334
|
282,128
|
261,416
|
Dollar
Amount of Loans……….
|
$17,226
|
$13,034
|
$10,374
|
$7,023
|
$6,666
|
Percentage
Change
from
Prior Year
|
32.16%
|
25.64%
|
47.71%
|
5.36%
|
N/A
|
Total
mortgage loans serviced
|
|
|
|
|
|
No.
of Loans……………………
|
2,127,293
|
2,036,298
|
1,918,546
|
1,815,476
|
1,946,569
|
Dollar
Amount of Loans……….
|
$263,336
|
$249,881
|
$217,827
|
$192,155
|
$190,804
|
Percentage
Change
from
Prior Year
|
5.38%
|
14.72%
|
13.36%
|
0.71%
|
N/A
|
Billing
and Payment Procedures.
As
servicer, GMACM collects and remits mortgage loan payments, responds to borrower
inquiries, accounts for principal and interest, holds custodial and escrow
funds
for payment of property taxes and insurance premiums, counsels or otherwise
works with delinquent borrowers, supervises foreclosures and property
dispositions and generally administers the loans. GMACM sends monthly invoices
or annual coupon books to borrowers to prompt the collection of the outstanding
payments. Borrowers may elect for monthly payments to be deducted automatically
from bank accounts on the same day every month or may take advantage of on
demand ACH payments made over the internet or via phone.
A
loan is
considered to be “30 to 59 days” or “30 or more days” delinquent when a payment
due on any due date remains unpaid as of the close of business on the last
business day immediately prior to the next following monthly due date. The
determination as to whether a loan falls into this category is made as of the
close of business on the last business day of each month. Grace periods and
partial payments do not affect these determinations.
Charge
offs are taken only when GMACM has determined that it has received all payments
or cash recoveries which GMACM reasonably and in good faith expects to be
finally recoverable with respect to any mortgage loan.
There
can
be no assurance that the delinquency and foreclosure experience set forth in
the
Static Pool Data will be representative of the results that may be experienced
with respect to the mortgage loans included in the trust.
As
servicer, GMACM collects and remits mortgage loan payments, responds to borrower
inquiries, accounts for principal and interest, holds custodial and escrow
funds
for payment of property taxes and insurance premiums, counsels or otherwise
works with delinquent borrowers, supervises foreclosures and property
dispositions and generally administers the loans. GMACM may, from time to time,
outsource certain of its servicing functions, such as contacting delinquent
borrowers, property tax administration and hazard insurance administration,
although any such outsourcing will not relieve GMACM of any of its
responsibilities or liabilities as a servicer.
EMC
The
principal business of EMC since inception has been specializing in the
acquisition, securitization, servicing and disposition of mortgage loans. EMC’s
portfolio consists primarily of two categories: (1) “performing loans,” or
performing investment-quality loans serviced for the sponsor’s own account or
the account of Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, private mortgage conduits and various
institutional investors; and (2) “non-performing loans,” or non-investment
quality, sub-performing loans, non-performing loans and REO properties serviced
for EMC’s own account and for the account of investors in securitized performing
and non-performing collateral transactions.
EMC
will
service the mortgage loans in accordance with the description of the applicable
servicing procedures contained in this section in the prospectus supplement.
EMC
will be responsible for servicing the HELOCs in accordance with the terms of
the
Sale and Servicing Agreement.
EMC
has
been servicing residential mortgage loans since 1990. From year end 2004 to
June
30, 2006 the loan count of EMC’s servicing portfolio grew by approximately
95.9%, and the unpaid principal balance of EMC’s servicing portfolio grew
by approximately 132.5%.
As
of
June 30, 2006, EMC was
acting as servicer for approximately 250 series of residential mortgage-backed
securities and other mortgage loans with an aggregate outstanding principal
balance of approximately $64.6 billion.
The
following table describes size, composition and growth of EMC’s total
residential mortgage loan servicing portfolio as of the dates
indicated.
|
|
As
of December 31, 2003
|
|
As
of December 31, 2004
|
|
Loan
Type
|
|
No.
of Loans
|
|
Dollar
Amount
|
|
Percent
by No. of Loans
|
|
Percent
by Dollar Amount
|
|
No.
of Loans
|
|
Dollar
Amount
|
|
Percent
by No. of Loans
|
|
Percent
by Dollar
Amount
|
|
Alta-A
Arm
|
|
|
2,439
|
|
$
|
653,967,868.93
|
|
|
1.40
|
%
|
|
4.75
|
%
|
|
19,498
|
|
$
|
4,427,820,707.76
|
|
|
7.96
|
%
|
|
15.94
|
%
|
Alta-AFixed
|
|
|
19,396
|
|
|
3,651,416,056.79
|
|
|
11.14
|
|
|
26.51
|
|
|
25,539
|
|
|
4,578,725,473.28
|
|
|
10.43
|
|
|
16.48
|
|
PrimeArm
|
|
|
7,978
|
|
|
868,798,347.46
|
|
|
4.58
|
|
|
6.31
|
|
|
8,311
|
|
|
1,045,610,015.30
|
|
|
3.39
|
|
|
3.76
|
|
PrimeFixed
|
|
|
16,377
|
|
|
1,601,411,491.35
|
|
|
9.40
|
|
|
11.63
|
|
|
14,560
|
|
|
1,573,271,574.42
|
|
|
5.95
|
|
|
5.66
|
|
Seconds
|
|
|
25,290
|
|
|
690,059,168.80
|
|
|
14.52
|
|
|
5.01
|
|
|
39,486
|
|
|
1,381,961,155.08
|
|
|
16.13
|
|
|
4.98
|
|
Subprime
|
|
|
76,166
|
|
|
5,058,932,125.93
|
|
|
43.73
|
|
|
36.73
|
|
|
114,436
|
|
|
13,706,363,249.78
|
|
|
46.74
|
|
|
49.34
|
|
Other
|
|
|
26,523
|
|
|
1,249,014,372.71
|
|
|
15.23
|
|
|
9.07
|
|
|
23,010
|
|
|
1,063,682,459.11
|
|
|
9.40
|
|
|
3.83
|
|
Total
|
|
|
174,169
|
|
$
|
13,773,599,431.97
|
|
|
100.00
|
%
|
|
100.00
|
%
|
|
244,840
|
|
$
|
27,777,434,634.73
|
|
|
100.00
|
%
|
|
100.00
|
%
|
|
|
As
of December 31, 2005
|
|
As
of June 30, 2006
|
|
Loan
Type
|
|
No.
of Loans
|
|
Dollar
Amount
|
|
Percent
by No. of Loans
|
|
Percent
by Dollar Amount
|
|
No.
of Loans
|
|
Dollar
Amount
|
|
Percent
by No. of Loans
|
|
Percent
by Dollar
Amount
|
|
Alta-A
Arm
|
|
|
57,510
|
|
$
|
13,625,934,321.62
|
|
|
12.69
|
%
|
|
23.00
|
%
|
|
45,369
|
|
$
|
11,945,448,033.57
|
|
|
9.46
|
%
|
|
18.50
|
%
|
Alta-A
Fixed
|
|
|
17,680
|
|
|
3,569,563,859.33
|
|
|
3.90
|
|
|
6.03
|
|
|
26,199
|
|
|
5,240,887,578.52
|
|
|
5.46
|
|
|
8.11
|
|
Prime
Arm
|
|
|
7,428
|
|
|
1,010,068,678.92
|
|
|
1.64
|
|
|
1.71
|
|
|
7,050
|
|
|
935,151,471.50
|
|
|
1.47
|
|
|
1.45
|
|
Prime
Fixed
|
|
|
15,975
|
|
|
2,140,487,565.90
|
|
|
3.52
|
|
|
3.61
|
|
|
15,683
|
|
|
2,139,403,359.36
|
|
|
3.27
|
|
|
3.31
|
|
Seconds
|
|
|
155,510
|
|
|
7,164,515,426.20
|
|
|
34.31
|
|
|
12.10
|
|
|
179,330
|
|
|
8,547,703,139.94
|
|
|
37.38
|
|
|
13.24
|
|
Subprime
|
|
|
142,890
|
|
|
20,373,550,690.52
|
|
|
31.53
|
|
|
34.40
|
|
|
139,890
|
|
|
20,361,085,084.49
|
|
|
29.16
|
|
|
31.53
|
|
Other
|
|
|
56,216
|
|
|
11,347,144,055.57
|
|
|
12.40
|
|
|
19.16
|
|
|
66,235
|
|
|
15,414,138,024.47
|
|
|
13.81
|
|
|
23.87
|
|
Total
|
|
|
453,209
|
|
$
|
59,231,264,598.06
|
|
|
100.00
|
%
|
|
100.00
|
%
|
|
479,756
|
|
$
|
64,583,816,691.85
|
|
|
100.00
|
%
|
|
100.00
|
%
|
There
have been no appreciable changes to EMC’s servicing procedures outside of the
normal changes warranted by regulatory and product type changes in the
portfolio
Collection
and Other
Servicing Procedures
The
servicers will use reasonable efforts to ensure that all payments required
under
the terms and provisions of the HELOCs are collected and shall follow collection
procedures comparable to the collection procedures of prudent mortgage lenders
servicing mortgage loans and HELOCs for their own account, to the extent such
procedures shall be consistent with the Servicing Agreement or the Sale and
Servicing Agreement, as applicable.
If
a
mortgaged property has been or is about to be conveyed by the mortgagor and
the
related servicer has knowledge thereof, such servicer will accelerate the
maturity of the HELOC, to the extent permitted by the terms of the related
mortgage note and applicable law. If it reasonably believes that the due-on-sale
clause cannot be enforced under applicable law, or would otherwise potentially
impair any recovery under a primary mortgage insurance policy, if applicable,
the servicers may enter into an assumption agreement with the person to whom
such property has been or is about to be conveyed, pursuant to which such person
becomes liable under the mortgage note and the mortgagor, to the extent
permitted by applicable law, remains liable thereon. The servicers will retain
any fee collected for entering into assumption agreements as additional
servicing compensation. In connection with any such assumption, the interest
rate borne by the related mortgage note may not be changed.
Each
of
the servicers will establish and maintain, with respect to the HELOCs, in
addition to the protected accounts described below under “—Protected Accounts”
one or more servicing accounts in a Depository institution the deposits of
which
are insured by the FDIC to the maximum extent permitted by law. The servicers
will deposit and retain therein all collections from the mortgagors for the
payment of taxes, assessments, insurance premiums, or comparable items as agent
of the mortgagors as provided under the Sale and Servicing Agreement or the
Servicing Agreement, as applicable,. Each servicing account and the investment
of deposits therein will comply with the requirements of the Servicing Agreement
or the Sale and Servicing Agreement, as applicable, and will meet the
requirements of the rating agencies. Withdrawals of amounts from the servicing
accounts may be made only to effect timely payment of taxes, assessments,
insurance premiums, or comparable items, to reimburse the related servicer
for
any advances made with respect to such items, to refund to any mortgagors any
sums as may be determined to be overages, to pay interest, if required, to
mortgagors on balances in the servicing accounts, to pay earnings not required
to be paid to mortgagors to the related servicer, or to clear and terminate
the
servicing accounts at or at any time after the termination of the Servicing
Agreement or the Sale and Servicing Agreement, as applicable.
The
servicers will maintain errors and omissions insurance and a fidelity bond
in
certain specified amounts to the extent required under the Servicing Agreement
or the Sale and Servicing Agreement, as applicable.
Hazard
Insurance
The
servicers will maintain and keep, or cause to be maintained and kept, with
respect to each HELOC in full force and effect for each mortgaged property
a
hazard insurance policy with extended coverage customary in the area where
the
mortgaged property is located in an amount equal to the amounts required under
the Servicing Agreement or the Sale and Servicing Agreement, as applicable,
or
in general equal to at least the lesser of the outstanding principal balance
of
the combined principal balance of the HELOC or the maximum insurable value
of
the improvements securing such HELOC and containing a standard mortgagee clause;
but no less than the amount necessary to prevent loss due to the application
of
any co-insurance provision of the related policy. Any amounts collected by
the
related servicer under any such hazard insurance policy, other than amounts
to
be applied to the restoration or repair of the mortgaged property or amounts
released to the mortgagor in accordance with normal servicing procedures, shall
be deposited in the protected account. Any cost incurred in maintaining any
such
hazard insurance policy shall not be added to the amount owing under the HELOC
for the purpose of calculating monthly payments to the Noteholders,
notwithstanding that the terms of the HELOC so permit. Such costs shall be
recoverable by the servicers out of related late payments by the mortgagor
or
out of Insurance Proceeds or Liquidation Proceeds or any other amounts in the
protected account. The right of the servicers to reimbursement for such costs
incurred will be prior to the right of the master servicer to receive any
related Insurance Proceeds or Liquidation Proceeds or any other amounts in
the
related protected account.
In
general, the standard form of fire and extended coverage policy covers physical
damage to or destruction of the improvements on the property by fire, lightning,
explosion, smoke, windstorm and hail, riot, strike and civil commotion, subject
to the conditions and exclusions particularized in each policy. Although the
policies relating to the mortgage loans will be underwritten by different
insurers and therefore will not contain identical terms and conditions, the
basic terms thereof are dictated by state law. Such policies typically do not
cover any physical damage resulting from the following: war, revolution,
governmental actions, floods and other water-related causes, earth movement
(including earthquakes, landslides and mud flows), nuclear reactions, wet or
dry
rot, vermin, rodents, insects or domestic animals, theft and, in certain cases,
vandalism and malicious mischief. The foregoing list is merely indicative of
certain kinds of uninsured risks and is not intended to be
all-inclusive.
Hazard
insurance policies covering properties similar to the mortgaged properties
typically contain a clause which in effect requires the insured at all times
to
carry insurance of a specified percentage generally at least 80% of the full
replacement value of the improvements on the property in order to recover the
full amount of any partial loss. If the insured’s coverage falls below this
specified percentage, such clause provides that the insurer’s liability in the
event of partial loss does not exceed the greater of (i) the replacement cost
of
the improvements less physical depreciation, or (ii) such proportion of the
loss
as the amount of insurance carried bears to the specified percentage of the
full
replacement cost of such improvements.
Since
the
amount of hazard insurance to be maintained on the improvements securing the
HELOCs may decline as the principal balances owing thereon decrease, and since
residential properties have historically appreciated in value over time, in
the
event of partial loss, hazard Insurance Proceeds may be insufficient to restore
fully the damaged property.
Where
the
property securing a HELOC is located in a federally designated flood area,
the
related servicer will cause with respect to such HELOC flood insurance to the
extent available and in accordance with industry practices to be maintained.
Such flood insurance will generally be in an amount equal to the lesser of
(i)
the outstanding principal balance of the related HELOC, (ii) the maximum
insurable value of the improvements securing such HELOC and (iii) the maximum
amount of such insurance available for the related mortgaged property under
either the regular or emergency programs of the National Flood Insurance
Program, assuming that the area in which such mortgaged property is located
is
participating in such program.
The
servicers, on behalf of the indenture trustee, the Note Insurer and the
Noteholders, will present claims to the insurer under any applicable hazard
insurance policy. As set forth above, all collections under such policies that
are not applied to the restoration or repair of the related mortgaged property
or released to the mortgagor in accordance with normal servicing procedures
are
to be deposited in the protected account. The servicers are required to deposit
in the protected account the amount of any deductible under a blanket hazard
insurance policy, if applicable.
Realization
Upon Defaulted HELOCs
Each
servicer will take such action either as such servicer deems to be in the best
interest of the trust, or as is consistent with the requirements of Fannie
Mae
or in accordance with established practices for other mortgage loans or HELOCs
serviced by the related servicer with respect to defaulted HELOCs and foreclose
upon or otherwise comparably convert the ownership of properties securing
defaulted HELOCs as to which no satisfactory collection arrangements can be
made. To the extent set forth under the Servicing Agreement or the Sale and
Servicing Agreement, as applicable, the servicers will service the property
acquired by the trust through foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure in
accordance with procedures that the related servicer employs and exercises
in
servicing and administering mortgage loans for its own account and which are
in
accordance with accepted mortgage servicing practices of prudent lending
institutions.
Since
Insurance Proceeds received in connection with a HELOC cannot exceed deficiency
claims and certain expenses incurred by the related servicer, no insurance
payments will result in a recovery to related Noteholders which exceeds the
principal balance of the defaulted HELOC together with accrued interest thereon
at its applicable net mortgage rate.
Optional
Purchase of Certain HELOCs
As
to any
HELOC which as of the first day of a Fiscal Quarter is delinquent in payment
by
91 days or more, the sponsor may, at its option, purchase such HELOC at a price
equal to 100% of the Stated Principal Balance thereof plus accrued interest
thereon at the applicable mortgage rate, from the date through which interest
was last paid by the related mortgagor to the first day of the month in which
such amount is to be distributed; provided that such HELOC is still delinquent
in payment by 91 days or more as of the date of such purchase and provided
further, that this limited purchase option, if not theretofore exercised, shall
terminate on the date prior to the last day of such Fiscal Quarter. Such option,
if not exercised, shall not thereafter be reinstated as to any such HELOC unless
the delinquency is cured and the HELOC thereafter again becomes delinquent
in
payment 91 days or more. In that event, the option shall again become
exercisable on the first date of the subsequent Fiscal Quarter.
Master
Servicing and Servicing
Compensation and Payment of Expenses
The
master servicer will be entitled to receive a fee on each payment date as
compensation for its activities under the Sale and Servicing Agreement equal
to
1/12 of the master servicing fee rate multiplied by the Stated Principal Balance
of the HELOCs as of the due date in the month preceding the month in which
such
payment date occurs. The master servicing fee rate will be 0.0195% per annum.
The master servicer will pay the fees of the indenture trustee from the master
servicing fee.
Each
servicer will be entitled to receive a fee on each payment date as compensation
for its activities under the Servicing Agreement or the Sale and Servicing
Agreement, as applicable, equal to 1/12 of the servicing fee rate multiplied
by
the Stated Principal Balance of each HELOC serviced by it as of the due date
in
the month preceding the month in which such payment date occurs. The servicing
fee rate will be 0.5000% per annum.
In
addition to the primary compensation described above, each servicer will retain
all assumption fees, tax service fees, fees for statements of account payoff
and
late payment charges, all to the extent collected from mortgagors.
Each
servicer will pay all related expenses incurred in connection with its servicing
responsibilities, subject to limited reimbursement as described
herein.
Protected
Accounts
Each
servicer will establish and maintain one or more custodial accounts (referred
to
herein as protected accounts) into which it will deposit daily or at such other
time as specified under the Servicing Agreement or the Sale and Servicing
Agreement, as applicable, all collections of principal and interest on any
HELOCs, including principal prepayments, Insurance Proceeds, Liquidation
Proceeds, Recoveries and Subsequent Recoveries, less the applicable servicing
fee. All protected accounts and amounts at any time credited thereto shall
comply with the requirements of the Servicing Agreement or the Sale and
Servicing Agreement, as applicable, and shall meet the requirements of the
rating agencies.
On
the
date specified under the Servicing Agreement or the Sale and Servicing
Agreement, as applicable, the related servicer will withdraw from its protected
account amounts on deposit therein and will remit them to master servicer for
deposit in the Master Servicer Collection Account.
The
Master Servicer Collection Account
The
master servicer shall establish and maintain in the name of the indenture
trustee, for the benefit of the Noteholders and the Note Insurer, an account
(the “Master Servicer Collection Account”) into which it will deposit amounts
received from each servicer (less the master servicer’s expenses, as provided in
the Sale and Servicing Agreement) with respect to the HELOCs. The Master
Servicer Collection Account and amounts at any time credited thereto shall
comply with the requirements of the Sale and Servicing Agreement and shall
meet
the requirements of the rating agencies. The Master Servicer Collection Account
may be a sub-account of the Payment Account for so long as LaSalle Bank National
Association is the master servicer and LaSalle Bank National Association is
the
securities administrator. The amount at any time credited to the Master Servicer
Collection Account may be invested in the name of the indenture trustee for
the
benefit of the master servicer in permitted investments selected by the master
servicer as set forth in the Sale and Servicing Agreement. The master servicer
will have sole discretion to determine the particular investments made so long
as it complies with the investment terms of the Sale and Servicing
Agreement.
Any
one
or more of the following obligations or securities held in the name of the
indenture trustee for the benefit of the Noteholders will be considered a
permitted investment:
(i) obligations
of the United States or any agency thereof, provided such obligations are backed
by the full faith and credit of the United States;
(ii) general
obligations of or obligations guaranteed by any state of the United States
or
the District of Columbia receiving the highest long-term debt rating of each
rating agency;
(iii) commercial
or finance company paper which is then receiving the highest commercial or
finance company paper rating of each rating agency;
(iv) Notes
of
deposit, demand or time deposits, or bankers’ acceptances issued by any
Depository institution or trust company incorporated under the laws of the
United States or of any state thereof and subject to supervision and examination
by federal and/or state banking authorities (including the master servicer
or
the securities administrator in its commercial banking capacity), provided
that
the commercial paper and/or long term unsecured debt obligations of such
depository institution or trust company are then rated one of the two highest
long-term and the highest short-term ratings of each such rating agency for
such
securities;
(v) guaranteed
reinvestment agreements issued by any bank, insurance company or other
corporation containing, at the time of the issuance of such agreements, such
terms and conditions as will not result in the downgrading or withdrawal of
the
rating then assigned to the notes by each rating agency (without regard to
the
Policy), as evidenced in writing;
(vi) repurchase
obligations with respect to any security described in clauses (i) and (ii)
above, in either case entered into with a depository institution or trust
company (acting as principal) described in clause (v) above;
(vii) securities
(other than stripped bonds, stripped coupons or instruments sold at a purchase
price in excess of 115% of the face amount thereof) bearing interest or sold
at
a discount issued by any corporation incorporated under the laws of the United
States or any state thereof which, at the time of such investment, have one
of
the two highest short term ratings of each rating agency (except if the rating
agency is Moody’s, such rating shall be the highest commercial paper rating of
Moody’s for any such securities);
(viii) interests
in any money market fund (including any such fund managed or advised by the
master servicer or the securities administrator or any affiliate thereof) which
at the date of acquisition of the interests in such fund and throughout the
time
such interests are held in such fund has the highest applicable short term
rating by each rating agency;
(ix) short
term investment funds sponsored by any trust company or banking association
incorporated under the laws of the United States or any state thereof (including
any such fund managed or advised by the master servicer or the securities
administrator or any affiliate thereof) which on the date of acquisition has
been rated by each rating agency in their respective highest applicable rating
category; and
such
other investments having a specified stated maturity and bearing interest or
sold at a discount acceptable to each rating agency and as will not result
in
the downgrading or withdrawal of the rating then assigned to the notes by any
rating agency (without regard to the Policy), as evidenced by a signed writing
delivered by each rating agency;
The
master servicer shall be entitled to any amounts earned and will be liable
for
any losses on permitted investments in the Master Servicer Collection Account.
The master servicer will deposit in the Master Servicer Collection Account,
as
received, the following amounts:
(i) Any
amounts received from the servicers;
(ii) Any
Insurance Proceeds, Liquidation Proceeds, Recoveries or Subsequent Recoveries
received by the master servicer which were not deposited in a protected account,
collection account or other permitted account, as applicable;
(iii) The
repurchase price with respect to any HELOCs repurchased and all proceeds of
any
HELOCs or property acquired in connection with the optional termination of
the
trust;
(iv) Any
amounts required to be deposited with respect to losses on permitted
investments; and
(v) Any
other
amounts received by or on behalf of the master servicer or the indenture trustee
and required to be deposited in the Master Servicer Collection Account pursuant
to the Sale and Servicing Agreement.
Modifications
In
instances in which a HELOC is in default or if default is reasonably
foreseeable, and if determined by the related servicer to be in the best
interest of the Noteholders and the Note Insurer, such servicer may permit
servicing modifications of the HELOCs rather than proceeding with foreclosure.
However, the related servicer’s ability to permit servicing modifications will
be subject to some limitations, including but not limited to the following.
Any
amounts added to the principal balance of the HELOC, or capitalized amounts
added to the HELOC, will be required to be fully amortized over the remaining
term, or the extended term, of the HELOC, unless there is a balloon payment
as
provided in the modification document. All capitalizations are to be implemented
in accordance with the sponsor’s standards and may be implemented only by the
related servicer for that purpose. The final maturity of any HELOC shall not
be
extended beyond the assumed final payment date. No servicing modification with
respect to a HELOC will have the effect of reducing the HELOC rate below one
half of the HELOC rate as in effect on the cut off date, but not less than
the
Expense Fee Rate. Further, the aggregate current principal balance of all HELOCs
subject to modifications can be no more than five percent (5%) of the aggregate
principal balance of the HELOCs as of the cut off date, but this limit may
increase from time to time with the consent of the rating agencies and the
Note
Insurer.
Evidence
as to Compliance
The
Sale
and Servicing Agreement or the Servicing Agreement, as applicable, will provide
that on or before a specified date in March of each year, beginning in 2007,
each party responsible for the servicing function will provide to the depositor,
the Note Insurer and the master servicer a report on an assessment of compliance
with certain minimum servicing criteria established in Item 1122(d) of
Regulation AB (the “AB Servicing Criteria”). The AB Servicing Criteria include
specific criteria relating to the following areas: general servicing
considerations, cash collection and administration, investor remittances and
reporting, and pool asset administration. Such report will indicate that the
AB
Servicing Criteria were used to test compliance on a platform level basis and
will set out any material instances of noncompliance.
The
Sale
and Servicing Agreement or the Servicing Agreement, as applicable will also
provide that the each party responsible for the servicing function will deliver,
at the same time, along with its report on assessment of compliance, an
attestation report from a firm of independent public accountants on the
assessment of compliance with the AB Servicing Criteria.
The
Sale
and Servicing Agreement or the Servicing Agreement, as applicable, will also
provide for delivery to the rating agencies, the securities administrator,
the
master servicer and the Note Insurer, on or before a specified date in March
of
each year beginning in 2007, of a separate annual statement of compliance from
each entity meeting the criteria set forth in item 1108(a)(2)(i) through (iii)
of Regulation AB to the effect that, to the best knowledge of the signing
officer, the related servicer has fulfilled in all material respects its
obligations under the Sale and Servicing Agreement or the Servicing Agreement
throughout the preceding year or, if there has been a material failure in the
fulfillment of any obligation, the statement shall specify such failure and
the
nature and status thereof.
Copies
of
the annual reports of assessment of compliance, attestation reports, and
statements of compliance may be obtained by Noteholders without charge upon
written request to the master servicer at the address of the master servicer
set
forth above. These items will be filed with the issuing entity’s annual report
on Form 10-K, to the extent required under Regulation AB.
Certain
Matters Regarding the Master Servicer
The
Sale
and Servicing Agreement will provide that the master servicer may not resign
from its obligations and duties under the Sale and Servicing Agreement except
(a) upon a determination that its duties thereunder are no longer permissible
under applicable law or (b) upon compliance with the requirements
below:
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•
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the
master servicer has proposed a successor master servicer, who shall
also
have agreed to serve as securities administrator, to the indenture
trustee
and the Note Insurer, and the indenture trustee and the Note Insurer
have
consented to the appointment of such successor master servicer, with
such
consent not to be withheld
unreasonably;
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•
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the
proposed successor is qualified to service mortgage loans on behalf
of
Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac; and
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•
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the
indenture trustee has received written confirmation from each rating
agency that the appointment of such successor will not cause that
rating
agency to reduce, qualify or withdraw its then-current ratings assigned
to
any class of Offered Notes (without regard to the
Policy).
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In
addition, the master servicer may be removed from its obligations and duties
as
set forth in the Sale and Servicing Agreement. No such resignation or removal
will become effective until the indenture trustee or a successor master servicer
has assumed the master servicer’s and securities administrator’s obligations and
duties under the Sale and Servicing Agreement. At any time the master servicer
resigns or is removed under the Sale and Servicing Agreement, the securities
administrator shall likewise be terminated as securities administrator
thereunder and under the Indenture and the Administration
Agreement.
The
Sale
and Servicing Agreement will further provide that neither the master servicer
nor any of the directors, officers, employees or agents of the master servicer
will be under any liability to the trust fund or Noteholders for any action
taken or for refraining from the taking of any action in good faith pursuant
to
the Sale and Servicing Agreement, or for errors in judgment; provided, however,
that the master servicer will not be protected against any breach of its
representations and warranties in the Sale and Servicing Agreement or any
liability which would otherwise be imposed by reason of willful misfeasance,
bad
faith or gross negligence in the performance of duties thereunder or by reason
of reckless disregard of obligations and duties thereunder. The Sale and
Servicing Agreement will further provide that the master servicer and LaSalle
Bank National Association in its individual capacity and any director, officer,
employee or agent of the master servicer and LaSalle Bank National Association
in its individual capacity will be entitled to indemnification by the trust
fund
and will be held harmless against any loss, liability or expense incurred,
arising out of, or in connection with the Sale and Servicing Agreement, the
Indenture, the Notes or the HELOCs, other than any loss, liability or expense
related to the failure to perform its duties in compliance with the Sale and
Servicing Agreement any loss, liability or expense incurred by reason of willful
misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence in the performance of its duties
thereunder or by reason of reckless disregard of its obligations and duties
thereunder.
In
addition, the Sale and Servicing Agreement will provide that the master servicer
will not be under any obligation to appear in, prosecute or defend any legal
action which is not incidental to its responsibilities under the Sale and
Servicing Agreement and which in its opinion may involve it in any expense
or
liability. The master servicer may, however, in its discretion undertake any
such action which it may deem necessary or desirable with respect to the Sale
and Servicing Agreement and the rights and duties of the parties thereto and
the
interests of the Noteholders thereunder. In such event, the legal expenses
and
costs of such action and any liability resulting therefrom will be expenses,
costs and liabilities of the trust fund, and the master servicer will be
entitled to be reimbursed therefor out of funds otherwise distributable to
Noteholders.
Any
person into which the master servicer may be merged or consolidated, or any
person resulting from any merger or consolidation to which the master servicer
is a party, or any person succeeding to the business of the master servicer,
will be the successor of the master servicer under the Sale and Servicing
Agreement, provided that such person is qualified to service mortgage loans
on
behalf of Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac and further provided that such merger,
consolidation or succession does not adversely affect the then-current ratings
of any class of Offered Notes (without giving effect to the
Policy).
DESCRIPTION
OF THE NOTES
General
The
Mortgage-Backed Notes, Series 2006-8 consist of the classes of Notes reflected
on the cover of this prospectus supplement, which we refer to collectively
in
this prospectus supplement as the Offered Notes, the Class B Notes, and the
Class S, Class E, Class R-1, Class R-2 and Class RX Certificates. The Class
B
Notes and the Class S, Class E, Class R-1, Class R-2 and Class RX Certificates
are not being offered by this prospectus supplement.
We
refer
to the Class S, Class R-1, Class R-2 and Class RX Certificates collectively
in
this prospectus supplement as the Residual Certificates.
The
trust
will issue the Class A Notes in book-entry form as described below, in minimum
dollar denominations of $100,000 and integral multiples of $1.00 in excess
thereof, except that one Note of such class may be issued in the remainder
of
the class. The trust will issue the Class A-IO Notes in book-entry form as
described below, in minimum notional amount dollar denominations of $100,000
and
integral multiples of $1.00 in excess thereof, except that one Note of such
class may be issued in the remainder of the class.
Book-Entry
Registration
The
Offered Notes will be issued in book-entry form. Persons acquiring beneficial
ownership interests in the book-entry securities will hold their securities
through The Depository Trust Company in the United States and through
Clearstream, Luxembourg or the Euroclear System in Europe, if they are
participants of any of such systems, or indirectly through organizations which
are participants. The Depository Trust Company is referred to as “DTC”.
Clearstream, Luxembourg is referred to as “Clearstream”. The Euroclear System is
referred to as “Euroclear”. The book-entry securities will be issued in one or
more Notes that equal the aggregate principal balance or notional amount, as
applicable, of the applicable class or classes of securities and will initially
be registered in the name of Cede & Co., the nominee of DTC. Clearstream and
Euroclear will hold omnibus positions on behalf of their participants through
customers’ securities accounts in Clearstream’s and Euroclear’s names on the
books of their respective depositaries that in turn will hold such positions
in
customers’ securities accounts in the depositaries’ names on the books of DTC.
Citibank, N.A. will act as the relevant depository for Clearstream and JPMorgan
Chase Bank, N.A. will act as the relevant depositary for Euroclear. Except
as
described below, no person acquiring a book-entry security will be entitled
to
receive a physical note representing such security. Unless and until physical
securities are issued, it is anticipated that the only “securityholder” with
respect to a book-entry security will be Cede & Co., as nominee of DTC.
Beneficial owners are only permitted to exercise their rights indirectly through
participants and DTC.
An
Owner’s ownership of a book-entry security will be recorded on the records of
the brokerage firm, bank, thrift institution or other financial intermediary
(each, a “Financial Intermediary”) that maintains the beneficial owner’s account
for such purpose. In turn, the Financial Intermediary’s ownership of such
book-entry security will be recorded on the records of DTC (or of a DTC
participant that acts as agent for the Financial Intermediary, whose interest
will in turn be recorded on the records of DTC, if the beneficial owner’s
Financial Intermediary is not a DTC participant and on the records of
Clearstream or Euroclear, as appropriate).
Beneficial
owners will receive all payments allocable to principal and interest with
respect to the book-entry securities from the securities administrator through
DTC and DTC participants. While the book-entry securities are outstanding
(except under the circumstances described below), under the rules, regulations
and procedures creating, governing and affecting DTC and its operations (the
“Rules”), DTC is required to make book-entry transfers among participants on
whose behalf it acts with respect to the securities. DTC is required to receive
and transmit payments allocable to principal and interest with respect to the
securities. Participants and Financial Intermediaries with whom beneficial
owners have accounts with respect to securities are similarly required to make
book-entry transfers and receive and transmit such payments on behalf of their
respective beneficial owners. Accordingly, although beneficial owners will
not
possess physical notes, the Rules provide a mechanism by which beneficial owners
will receive payments and will be able to transfer their beneficial ownership
interests in the securities.
Beneficial
owners will not receive or be entitled to receive definitive securities, except
under the limited circumstances described below. Unless and until definitive
securities are issued, beneficial owners who are not participants may transfer
ownership of securities only through participants and Financial Intermediaries
by instructing such participants and Financial Intermediaries to transfer
beneficial ownership interests in the securities by book-entry transfer through
DTC for the account of the purchasers of such securities, which account is
maintained with their respective participants or Financial Intermediaries.
Under
the Rules and in accordance with DTC’s normal procedures, transfers of ownership
of securities will be executed through DTC and the accounts of the respective
participants at DTC will be debited and credited. Similarly, the participants
and Financial Intermediaries will make debits or credits, as the case may be,
on
their records on behalf of the selling and purchasing beneficial
owners.
Because
of time zone differences, credits of securities received in Clearstream or
Euroclear as a result of a transaction with a participant will be made during
subsequent securities settlement processing and dated the business day following
the DTC settlement date. Such credits or any transactions in such securities
settled during such processing will be reported to the relevant Euroclear or
Clearstream participants on such business day. Cash received in Clearstream
or
Euroclear as a result of sales of securities by or through a Clearstream
participant or Euroclear participant to a DTC participant will be received
with
value on the DTC settlement date but will be available in the relevant
Clearstream or Euroclear cash account only as of the business day following
settlement in DTC.
Transfers
between DTC participants will occur in accordance with DTC rules. Transfers
between Clearstream participants and Euroclear participants will occur in
accordance with their respective rules and operating procedures.
Cross-market
transfers between persons holding directly or indirectly through DTC, on the
one
hand, and directly or indirectly through Clearstream participants or Euroclear
participants, on the other, will be effected in DTC in accordance with DTC
rules
on behalf of the relevant European international clearing system by the relevant
depositary; however, such cross-market transactions will require delivery of
instructions to the relevant European international clearing system by the
counterparty in such system in accordance with its rules and procedures and
within its established deadlines (European time). The relevant European
international clearing system will, if the transaction meets its settlement
requirements, deliver instructions to the relevant depositary to take action
to
effect final settlement on its behalf by delivering or receiving securities
in
DTC, and making or receiving payment in accordance with normal procedures for
same day funds settlement applicable to DTC. Clearstream participants and
Euroclear participants may not deliver instructions directly to the relevant
depositaries.
DTC
is a
New York-chartered limited purpose trust company that performs services for
its
participants, some of which (and/or their representatives) own DTC. In
accordance with its normal procedures, DTC is expected to record the positions
held by each DTC participant in the book-entry securities, whether held for
its
own account or as a nominee for another person. In general, beneficial ownership
of book-entry securities will be subject to the Rules as in effect from time
to
time.
Clearstream
has advised that it is incorporated under the laws of the Grand Duchy of
Luxembourg as a professional depository. Clearstream holds securities for its
participating organizations or participants. Clearstream facilitates the
clearance and settlement of securities transactions between Clearstream
participants through electronic book-entry changes in account of Clearstream
participants, eliminating the need for physical movement of
securities.
Clearstream
provides to Clearstream participants, among other things, services for
safekeeping, administration, clearance and settlement of internationally traded
securities and securities lending and borrowing. Clearstream interfaces with
domestic markets in several countries. As a professional Depository, Clearstream
is subject to regulation by the Luxembourg Commission for the Supervision of
the
Financial Sector (the “CSSF”). Clearstream participants are recognized financial
institutions around the world, including underwriters, securities brokers and
dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other
organizations. Indirect access to Clearstream is also available to others,
such
as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or maintain
a
custodial relationship with a Clearstream participant, either directly or
indirectly.
Payments,
to the extent received by the relevant Depository for Clearstream, with respect
to the securities held beneficially through Clearstream will be credited to
cash
accounts of Clearstream participants in accordance with its rules and
procedures.
Euroclear
was created in 1968 to hold securities for its participants and to clear and
settle transactions between Euroclear participants through simultaneous
electronic book-entry delivery against payment, thereby eliminating the need
for
movement of physical securities and any risk from lack of simultaneous transfers
of securities and cash. Transactions may be settled in any of 32 currencies,
including United States dollars. Euroclear provides various other services,
including securities lending and borrowing and interfaces with domestic markets
in several countries generally similar to the arrangements for cross-market
transfers with DTC described above. Euroclear is operated by Euroclear Bank
S.A./NV under contract with Euroclear Clearance Systems S.C., a Belgian
cooperative corporation. Euroclear Bank S.A./NV conducts all operations. All
Euroclear securities clearance accounts and Euroclear cash accounts are accounts
with Euroclear Bank S.A./NV, not Euroclear Clearance Systems S.C. Euroclear
Clearance Systems S.C. establishes policy for Euroclear on behalf of Euroclear
participants. Euroclear participants include banks (including central banks),
securities brokers and dealers and other professional financial intermediaries.
Indirect access to Euroclear is also available to other firms that clear through
or maintain a custodial relationship with a Euroclear participant, either
directly or indirectly.
Euroclear
Bank S.A./NV has advised us that it is licensed by the Belgian Banking and
Finance Commission to carry out banking activities on a global basis. As a
Belgian bank, it is regulated and examined by the Belgian Banking
Commission.
Securities
clearance accounts and cash accounts with Euroclear Bank S.A./NV are governed
by
the Terms and Conditions Governing Use of Euroclear and the related Operating
Procedures of the Euroclear System and applicable Belgian law. These terms
and
conditions, operating procedures and laws govern transfers of securities and
cash within Euroclear, withdrawals of securities and cash from Euroclear, and
receipts of payments with respect to securities in Euroclear. All securities
in
Euroclear are held on a fungible basis without attribution of specific notes
to
specific securities clearance accounts. Euroclear Bank S.A./NV acts under the
Terms and Conditions only on behalf of Euroclear participants, and has no record
of or relationship with persons holding through Euroclear
participants.
The
securities administrator will make payments on the book-entry securities on
each
payment date to DTC. DTC will be responsible for crediting the amount of such
payments to the accounts of the applicable DTC participants in accordance with
DTC’s normal procedures. Each DTC participant will be responsible for disbursing
such payments to the beneficial owners that it represents and to each Financial
Intermediary for which it acts as agent. Each such Financial Intermediary will
be responsible for disbursing funds to the beneficial owners that it
represents.
Under
a
book-entry format, beneficial owners may experience some delay in their receipt
of payments, since the securities administrator will forward such payments
to
Cede & Co. Payments with respect to securities held through Clearstream or
Euroclear will be credited to the cash accounts of Clearstream participants
or
Euroclear participants in accordance with the relevant system’s rules and
procedures, to the extent received by the relevant Depository. Such payments
will be subject to tax reporting in accordance with relevant United States
tax
laws and regulations. Because DTC can only act on behalf of DTC participants
that in turn can only act on behalf of Financial Intermediaries, the ability
of
a beneficial owner to pledge book-entry securities to persons or entities that
do not participate in the DTC system, or otherwise take actions in respect
of
such book-entry securities, may be limited due to the lack of physical notes
for
such book-entry securities. In addition, issuance of the book-entry securities
in book-entry form may reduce the liquidity of such securities in the secondary
market since certain potential investors may be unwilling to purchase securities
for which they cannot obtain physical notes.
Monthly
and annual reports of the trust fund will be provided to Cede & Co., as
nominee of DTC, and Cede & Co. may make such reports available to beneficial
owners upon request, in accordance with the Rules, and to the DTC participants
to whose DTC accounts the book-entry securities of such beneficial owners are
credited directly or are credited indirectly through Financial
Intermediaries.
DTC
has
advised the securities administrator that, unless and until definitive
securities are issued, DTC will take any action permitted to be taken by the
holders of the book-entry securities under the Indenture or any other related
agreement only at the direction of one or more DTC participants to whose DTC
accounts the book-entry securities are credited, to the extent that such actions
are taken on behalf of such participants whose holdings include such book-entry
securities. Clearstream or Euroclear Bank S.A./NV, as the case may be, will
take
any other action permitted to be taken by a holder under the Indenture or any
other related agreement on behalf of a Clearstream participant or Euroclear
participant only in accordance with its relevant rules and procedures and
subject to the ability of the relevant depositary to effect such actions on
its
behalf through DTC. DTC may take actions, at the direction of the related
participants, with respect to some securities which conflict with actions taken
with respect to other securities.
Physical
notes representing a security will be issued to beneficial owners only upon
the
events specified in the Indenture. Such events may include the
following:
|
•
|
we
advise the securities administrator in writing that DTC is no longer
willing or able to properly discharge its responsibilities as Depository
with respect to the securities, and that we or the securities
administrator is unable to locate a qualified successor,
or
|
|
•
|
we
elect to terminate the book-entry system through DTC with the consent
of
DTC participants.
|
Additionally,
after the occurrence of an event of default under the Indenture or any other
related agreement, any Noteholder materially and adversely affected thereby
may,
at its option, request and, subject to the procedures set forth in the
Indenture, receive a definitive note evidencing such note owner’s percentage
interest in the related class of notes. Upon the occurrence of any of the events
specified in the Indenture, DTC will be required to notify all participants
of
the availability through DTC of physical notes. Upon surrender by DTC of the
notes representing the book-entry securities and instruction for
re-registration, the securities administrator will issue the securities in
the
form of physical notes, and thereafter the securities administrator will
recognize the holders of such physical notes as securityholders. Thereafter,
payments of principal of and interest on the securities will be made by the
securities administrator directly to securityholders in accordance with the
procedures listed in this prospectus supplement and in the Indenture. The final
payment on any security (whether physical notes or securities registered in
the
name of Cede & Co.), however, will be made only upon presentation and
surrender of such securities on the final payment date at such office or agency
as is specified in the notice of final payment to securityholders.
Although
DTC, Clearstream and Euroclear have agreed to the foregoing procedures to
facilitate transfers of securities among participants of DTC, Clearstream and
Euroclear, they are under no obligation to perform or continue to perform such
procedures and such procedures may be discontinued at any time.
Neither
the trust nor the indenture trustee or the securities administrator will have
any responsibility for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made
on
account of beneficial ownership interests of the book-entry securities held
by
Cede & Co., as nominee for DTC, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing
any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests.
Glossary
“Accrual
Period” means, with respect to any payment date and (a) the Class A Notes and
Class B Notes, the period from and including the preceding payment date (or
from
the closing date, in the case of the first payment date) to and including the
day prior to the current payment date, and (b) the Class A-IO Notes, the
calendar month preceding the related payment date; provided that, with respect
to the first payment date, the Class A-IO Notes will receive 8 days of
Current Interest.
“Administration
Agreement” means the Administration Agreement, dated as of September 15, 2006,
among the issuing entity, the securities administrator, the owner trustee and
the depositor.
"Available
Principal Payment Amount" means, with respect to the Class A Notes and Class
B
Notes and any payment date, the sum of:
(i) the
greater of (A) zero and (B)
(1) with
respect to any payment date during the Managed Amortization Period and if the
Sponsor Certificate Pro Rata Test is not met, the Principal Collection Amount
less (a) the aggregate Draws for such payment date and (b) the aggregate
Certificate Principal Balance of the Class S Certificates immediately prior
to
that payment date;
(2) with
respect to any payment date during the Managed Amortization Period and if the
Sponsor 's Certificate Pro Rata Test is met, the Floating Allocation Percentage
of the Principal Collection Amount less the aggregate Draws for the related
payment date; and
(3) with
respect to any payment date during the Rapid Amortization Period, the Principal
Collection Amount; and
(ii) the
Overcollateralization Increase Amount for that payment date, minus
(iii) the
Overcollateralization Reduction Amount for that payment date; and
(iv) the
servicing fees and Extraordinary Trust Fund Expenses (subject to the
Extraordinary Trust Fund Expense Cap), to the extent not already covered by
a
reduction to the Interest Collection Amount.
“Basis
Risk Shortfall” means, with respect to the Class A Notes and Class B Notes and
any payment date, if such Notes are subject to the related Net WAC Cap on such
payment date, the excess, if any, of (i) the amount of interest that would
have
been payable to such class of Notes on such payment date if the Note Interest
Rate for such class for such payment date were calculated at the Formula Rate
over (ii) the amount of interest payable on such class of Notes at the related
Net WAC Cap Rate for such payment date; and with respect to the Class A-IO
Notes
and any payment date prior to and including the payment date in August 2008,
if
such Notes are subject to the related Net WAC Cap on such payment date, the
excess, if any, of (i) the amount of interest that would have been payable
to
such class of Notes on such payment date if the Note Interest Rate for such
class were equal to 5.50% per annum over (ii) the amount of interest payable
on
such class of Notes at the related Net WAC Cap Rate for such payment
date.
“Certificate
Principal Balance” with respect to the Class S Certificates shall equal the sum
of amounts by which on each payment date Draws exceed the Principal Collection
Amount, minus (i) all amounts in respect of principal distributed to the Class
S
Certificates on previous payment dates and (ii) any Charge-Off Amounts allocated
to such class on previous payment dates.
“Certificates”
means the Class E, Class S, Class R-1, Class R-2 and Class RX
Certificates.
“Charge-Off
Amount” with respect to any Charged-Off HELOC, the amount of the Stated
Principal Balance of such HELOC that has been written down. To the extent that
the servicers or the master servicer receive Subsequent Recoveries with respect
to any HELOC, the amount of Charge-Off Amount with respect to that HELOC will
be
reduced to the extent that such recoveries are applied to reduce the Note
Principal Balance of any class of related Notes on any payment
date.
“Charged-Off
HELOC” means any HELOC that is more than 180 days (or, earlier, in accordance
with the related servicer’s servicing practices) past due.
“Class
A
Principal Payment Amount” with respect to any payment date is the lesser of (I)
the Available Principal Payment Amount and any amounts drawn on the Policy
for
Charged-Off HELOCs for such payment date and (II) an amount equal to the excess
(if any) of (A) the Note Principal Balance of the Class A Notes immediately
prior to such payment date over (B) the lesser of (x) the product of (1) the
Invested Amount as of the end of the related Collection Period multiplied by
(2)
approximately 93.60% and (y) (1) the Invested Amount as of the end of the
related Collection Period, less (2) the Overcollateralization
Floor.
“Class
B
Principal Payment Amount” with respect to any payment date is the lesser of (I)
the Available Principal Payment Amount remaining after payment of the Class
A
Principal Payment Amount on such payment date, and (II) an amount equal to
the
excess (if any) of (A) the sum of (1) the Note Principal Balance of the Class
A
Notes (after taking into account the payment of the Class A Principal Payment
Amount for that payment date) and (2) the Note Principal Balance of the Class
B
Notes immediately prior to such payment date over (B) the lesser of (x) the
product of (1) the Invested Amount as of the end of the related Collection
Period multiplied by (2) approximately 96.00% and (y) (1) the Invested Amount
as
of the end of the related Collection Period, less (2) the Overcollateralization
Floor.
“Class
S
Floating Allocation Percentage” means, with respect to any payment date, 100%
minus the Floating Allocation Percentage.
“Class
S
Principal Payment Amount” means, with respect to the Class S Certificates and
any payment date during the Managed Amortization Period, (i) if the Sponsor’s
Certificate Pro Rata Test is not met, the lesser of (a) the Certificate
Principal Balance of the Class S Certificates immediately prior to such payment
date and (b) the Principal Collection Amount less the aggregate Draws for the
related payment date, and (ii) if the Sponsor’s Certificate Pro Rata Tests is
met, the Class S Floating Allocation Percentage of the Principal Collection
Amount less the aggregate Draws for the related payment date.
“Collection
Period” with respect to any payment date and the HELOCs, the
calendar month immediately preceding the calendar month in which such payment
date occurs.
“Constant
Draw Rate” means a constant rate of additional balances drawn on the
HELOCs.
“CPR”
means a constant rate of prepayment on the HELOCs.
“Cumulative
Charge-Off Percentage” with
respect to the Notes and any payment date is equal to the percentage obtained
by
dividing (x) the aggregate Charge-Off Amounts on the HELOCs incurred since
the
Cut-off Date through the end of the related Collection Period, minus the
principal portion of any amounts received in respect of the HELOCs following
the
charge-off, by (y) the aggregate Stated Principal Balance of the HELOCs as
of
the Cut-off Date.
“Current
Interest” with respect to each class of Notes and each payment date is the
interest accrued at the applicable Note Interest Rate for the applicable Accrual
Period on the Note Principal Balance or Notional Amount, as applicable, of
such
class.
“Current
Specified Enhancement Percentage” with respect to any payment date, the
percentage obtained by dividing (x) the sum of (i) the Note Principal Balance
of
the Class B Notes and (ii) the Overcollateralization Amount, in each case prior
to the payment of the Available Principal Payment Amount on such payment date,
by (y) the Invested Amount as of the end of the related Collection
Period.
“Cut-off
Date” means the close of business on August 15, 2006.
“Draw”
with respect to any HELOC, an additional borrowing by the related mortgagor
subsequent to the Cut-off Date in accordance with the related mortgage
note.
“Draw
Period” with respect to any HELOC, the period during which the related mortgagor
is permitted to make Draws.
“Excess
Overcollateralization Amount” with respect to HELOCs and any payment date, the
excess, if any, of the Overcollateralization Amount on that payment date over
the Overcollateralization Target Amount.
“Expense
Adjusted Mortgage Rate” with respect to any HELOC or REO Property is the then
applicable interest rate thereon less the Expense Fee Rate.
“Expense
Fee Rate” with respect to any HELOC or REO Property is the sum of (i) the
servicing fee rate, (ii) the master servicing fee rate and (iii) the premium
due
to the Note Insurer under the Policy multiplied by a fraction the numerator
of
which is the aggregate Note Principal Balance of the Class A Notes and the
denominator of which is the Stated Principal Balance of the HELOCs, expressed
as
a per annum rate.
“Extraordinary
Trust Fund Expenses” means any amounts reimbursable to the master servicer, the
securities administrator or the indenture trustee, or any director, officer,
employee or agent of the master servicer, the securities administrator or the
indenture trustee, from the trust fund, any amounts reimbursable to the
depositor, the master servicer, the securities administrator, the custodian,
or
any director, officer, employee or agent thereof, and any other amounts payable
or reimbursable from the trust fund as Extraordinary Trust Fund Expenses
pursuant to the terms of the Sale and Servicing Agreement, the Indenture, the
Trust Agreement, the Administration Agreement, the Custodial Agreement, the
Policy or the Insurance Agreement, including Extraordinary Trust Fund Expenses
that are not reimbursed in any calendar year as a result of the Extraordinary
Trust Fund Expenses Cap. Extraordinary Trust Fund Expenses for any calendar
year, to the extent they may exceed the Extraordinary Trust Fund Expenses Cap,
shall be paid pro rata among the parties entitled thereto from the amounts
available therefor.
“Extraordinary
Trust Fund Expenses Cap” means $250,000 for each calendar year; provided,
however, that such cap will not apply to any costs and expenses (i) of the
indenture trustee incurred in connection with the termination of the securities
administrator or the master servicer, the transfer of master servicing to a
successor master servicer and any costs incurred with the replacement of the
custodian or (ii) of the master servicer incurred in connection with the
termination of the related servicer and the transfer of servicing to a successor
servicer.
“Fiscal
Quarter” with respect to any quarter is December 1 to February 29 (or the last
day in such month), March 1 to May 31, June 1 to August 31, or September 1
to
November 30, as applicable.
“Floating
Allocation Percentage” with respect to any payment date, the percentage
equivalent of a fraction with a numerator equal to the Invested Amount at the
end of the previous related Collection Period (in the case of the first payment
date, the Invested Amount as of the Closing Date) and a denominator equal to
the
aggregate Stated Principal Balance of the HELOCs at the end of the previous
Collection Period (in the case of the first payment date, the Closing Date),
provided such percentage shall not be greater than 100%.
“Formula
Rate” with respect to any class of Notes (other than the Class A-IO Notes), a
per annum rate equal to One-Month LIBOR plus the applicable Margin.
“Indenture”
means the indenture, dated as of September 15, 2006, among the issuing entity,
the indenture trustee and the securities administrator.
“Insurance
Agreement” means the Insurance and Indemnity Agreement dated as of September 15,
2006, among the parties thereto, including any amendments and supplements
thereto in accordance with the terms thereof.
“Interest
Collection Amount” with respect to each payment date, an amount equal to the
amount received by the related servicer and consisting of interest collected
during the related Collection Period on the HELOCs and allocated to interest
in
accordance with the terms of the Servicing Agreement or the Sale and Servicing
Agreement, as applicable, together with the interest portion of any repurchase
price relating to any repurchased HELOCs and the interest portion of any
substitution adjustment amount paid during the related Collection Period and
any
Subsequent Recoveries, to the extent such Subsequent Recoveries relate to
interest, reduced, without duplication, by any Extraordinary Trust Fund Expenses
(subject to the Extraordinary Trust Fund Expense Cap).
“Invested
Amount” with respect to any payment date, the aggregate Stated Principal Balance
of the HELOCs reduced by the aggregate Certificate Principal Balance of the
Class S Certificates, if any. The Invested Amount on the Closing Date is
$361,200,413.29.
“Managed
Amortization Period” with respect to the Notes is the period beginning on the
Cut-off Date and ending on the occurrence of a Rapid Amortization
Event.
“Margin”
with respect to any payment date on or prior to the first possible Optional
Termination Date and (i) with respect to the Class A Notes, 0.140% per annum,
and (ii) with respect to the Class B Notes, 3.000% per annum; and with respect
to any payment date after the first possible Optional Termination Date, the
Margin will increase to (i) with respect to the Class A Notes, 0.280% per annum,
and (ii) with respect to the Class B Notes, 4.500% per annum.
“Net
WAC
Cap Rate” with respect to any payment date and any Note (other than the Class
A-IO Notes), a per annum rate equal to the excess, if any, of (i) the weighted
average of the Expense Adjusted Mortgage Rates of the HELOCs as of the first
day
of the Collection Period preceding such payment date over (ii) the quotient
of
(a) the Current Interest payable to the Class A-IO Notes on such payment date,
divided by (b) the Invested Amount on such payment date. With respect to any
payment date and the Class A-IO Notes, a per annum rate equal to the weighted
average of the Expense Adjusted Mortgage Rates of the HELOCs as of the first
day
of the Collection Period preceding such payment date. The Net WAC Cap Rate
for
each class of Notes (other than the Class A-IO Notes) will be calculated based
on a 360-day year and the actual number of days elapsed in the related accrual
period and, in the case of the Class A-IO Notes, based on a 360-day year
consisting of twelve 30-day months.
“Net
WAC
Cap Rate Carryover Amount” with
respect to any class of Notes (other than the Class A-IO Notes) and any payment
date, the sum of (A) if
such
Notes are subject to the related Net WAC Cap on such payment date, the excess,
if any, of
(i) the
amount of interest that would have been payable to such class of Notes on such
payment date if the Note Interest Rate for such class for such payment date
were
calculated at the Formula Rate over (ii) the amount of interest payable on
such
class of Notes at the related Net WAC Cap Rate for such payment date, and (B)
the Net WAC Cap Rate Carryover Amount for the previous payment date not
previously paid, together with interest thereon at a rate equal to the related
Formula Rate for such class of Notes for the current payment date. With respect
to the Class A-IO Notes and any payment date prior to and including the payment
date in August 2008, the sum of (A) if such Notes are subject to the related
Net
WAC Cap on such payment date, the excess, if any, of (i) the amount of interest
that would have been payable to such class of Notes on such payment date if
the
Note Interest Rate for such class were equal to 5.50% per annum over (ii) the
amount of interest payable on such class of Notes at the related Net WAC Cap
Rate for such payment date, and (B) the Net WAC Cap Rate Carryover Amount for
the previous payment date not previously paid, together with interest thereon
at
a rate equal to 5.50% per annum.
“Noteholders”
means the holders of the Notes.
“Note
Insurer” means Ambac Assurance Corporation.
“Note
Interest
Rate”
with respect to each class of Notes (other than the Class A-IO Notes) is the
lesser of (a) Formula Rate and (b) the Net WAC Cap Rate.
With
respect to the Class A-IO Notes (i) for each payment date from and including
September 2006 to and including the payment date in August 2008, the lesser
of
(a) 5.50% per annum and (b) the related Net WAC Cap Rate, and (ii) for each
payment date thereafter, 0.00% per annum.
“Note
Principal Balance” with respect to the Class A Notes and any payment date is the
original note principal balance of such class as set forth on the cover page
of
this prospectus supplement or with respect to the Class B Notes, approximately
$4,334,000, less the sum of (i) all amounts in respect of principal distributed
to such class on previous payment dates and (ii) any Charge-Off Amounts
allocated to such class on previous payment dates; provided that the Note
Principal Balance of any class of Class A Notes or Class B Notes to which
Charge-Off Amounts have been allocated will be increased by the amount of any
Subsequent Recoveries on the HELOCs not previously allocated, but not by more
than the amount of Charge-Off Amounts previously allocated to reduce the Note
Principal Balance of that Note. See “—Allocation
of Losses”
in
this
prospectus supplement.
“Notes”
means the Offered Notes and Class B Notes.
“Notional
Amount” means,
with respect to the Class A-IO Notes, the lesser of (a) the Invested Amount
as
of the first day of the related Collection Period and (b) (i) for each payment
date from and including September 2006 to and including the payment date in
February 2007, $156,857,000, (ii) for each payment date from and including
March
2007 to and including the payment date in August 2007, $125,486,000, (iii)
for
each payment date from and including September 2007 to and including the payment
date in November 2007, $87,840,000, (iv) for each payment date from and
including December 2007 to and including the payment date in February 2008,
$62,743,000, (v) for each payment date from and including March 2008 to and
including the payment date in May 2008, $25,097,000, (vi) for each payment
date
from and including June 2008 to and including the payment date in August 2008,
$12,549,000, and (vii) for each payment date thereafter, $0. Reference
to the Notional Amount of the Class A-IO Notes is solely for convenience in
calculations and does not represent the right to receive any payments allocable
to principal.
“Offered
Notes” means the Class A Notes and Class A-IO Notes.
“Optional
Termination Date” means the first date on which the majority holder of the Class
E Certificates may terminate the trust fund (with the consent of the Note
Insurer if such termination would result in a draw against the Policy), as
described under “—Termination; Retirement of Notes”.
“Overcollateralization
Amount” with respect to any payment date is the amount, if any, by which the
Invested Amount exceeds the aggregate Note Principal Balance of the Notes as
of
such payment date after giving effect to payments to be made on such payment
date.
“Overcollateralization
Floor” means, with respect to the Notes, 0.50% of the Invested Amount as of the
Cut-Off Date.
“Overcollateralization
Increase Amount” with respect to any payment date is the amount payable to the
Notes as provided in clause (6), under “Payments on the Notes — Interest
Payments” below.
“Overcollateralization
Reduction Amount” means, with respect to the Notes and any payment date for
which the Excess Overcollateralization Amount is, or would be, after taking
into
account all other payments to be made on that payment date, greater than zero,
an amount equal to the lesser of (i) the Excess Overcollateralization Amount
for
that payment date and (ii) the Available Principal Payment Amount for that
payment date (without giving effect to the Overcollateralization Reduction
Amount).
“Overcollateralization
Target Amount” with respect to any payment date (a) prior to the Stepdown Date,
an amount equal to 2.00% of the Invested Amount as of the Cut-off Date, (b)
on
or after the Stepdown Date and if a Trigger Event is not in effect, the greater
of (A) the lesser of (i) an amount equal to 2.00% of the Invested Amount as
of
the Cut-off Date and (ii) approximately 4.00% of the then current Invested
Amount as of the last day of the related Collection Period and (B) the
Overcollateralization Floor or (c) on or after the Stepdown Date and if a
Trigger Event is in effect, the Overcollateralization Target Amount for the
immediately preceding payment date.
“Policy”
means the certificate guaranty insurance policy (No. AB1020BE) with respect
to
the Class A Notes and all endorsements thereto, if any, dated the Closing Date,
issued by the Note Insurer for the benefit of the holders of the Class A Notes
only.
“Prepayment
Assumption” means a specified CPR and a Constant Draw Rate of 10%.
“Principal
Collection Amount” with respect to each payment date, an amount equal to the
amount received by the related servicer and consisting of amounts collected
during the related Collection Period on the HELOCs and allocated to principal
in
accordance with the terms of the Sale and Servicing Agreement, together with
the
principal portion of any repurchase price relating to any repurchased HELOCs,
substitution adjustment amount paid during the related Collection Period and
Subsequent Recoveries, to the extent such Subsequent Recoveries relate to
principal.
“Rapid
Amortization Event” means any of the events described in “Description of the
Notes —
Payments
on the Notes” in this prospectus supplement.
“Rapid
Amortization Period” means the period beginning upon the occurrence of the Rapid
Amortization Event.
“Rapid
Amortization Trigger Event” is in effect with respect to the Notes and any
payment date if the cumulative amount of Charge-Off Amounts (net of Subsequent
Recoveries) incurred on the HELOCs from the Cut-off Date through the end of
the
Collection Period immediately preceding such payment date exceeds the applicable
percentage set forth below of the aggregate Stated Principal Balance of the
HELOCs as of the Cut-off Date:
Prior
to March 2009
|
3.25%
|
March
2009-February 2010
|
3.25%,
plus an additional 1/12th of 2.25% for each payment date after March
2009
up to and including the payment date in February 2010
|
March
2010 to February 2011
|
5.50%,
plus an additional 1/12th of 1.75% for each payment date after March
2010
up to and including the payment date in February 2011
|
March
2011 to February 2012
|
7.25%,
plus an additional 1/12th of 1.25% for each payment date after March
2011
up to and including the payment date in February 2012
|
March
2012 to February 2013
|
8.50%,
plus an additional 1/12th of 1.00% for each payment date after March
2012
up to and including the payment date in February 2013
|
March
2013 to February 2014
|
9.50%,
plus an additional 1/12th of 0.50% for each payment date after March
2013
up to and including the payment date in February 2014
|
March
2014 and thereafter
|
10.00%
|
|
|
“Recoveries”
means, with respect to a Charged-Off HELOC, the proceeds received by the related
servicer in connection with such Charged-Off HELOC minus related servicing
advances.
“Relief
Act” means the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act, as amended, or any similar state
law.
“Relief
Act Shortfall” with respect to any payment date and any HELOC is any reduction
in the amount of interest collectible on such HELOC for the most recently ended
Collection Period as a result of the application of the Relief Act.
“REO
Property” means a mortgaged property acquired by the related servicer on behalf
of the trust fund through foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of
foreclosure.
“Residual
Certificates” means the Class S, Class R-1, Class R-2 and Class RX
Certificates.
“Sale
and
Servicing Agreement” means the sale and servicing agreement, dated as of
September 15, 2006, among the depositor, the issuing entity, the indenture
trustee, the master servicer, the securities administrator, the sponsor and
EMC
Mortgage Corporation as the company.
“Servicing
Agreement” means the Servicing Agreement, dated as of August 1, 2005, between
GMACM and the sponsor, as amended.
“60
Day
Plus Delinquency Percentage” with respect to any payment date is the arithmetic
average for each of the three successive payment dates ending with the
applicable payment date of the percentage equivalent of a fraction, the
numerator of which is the aggregate Stated Principal Balance of the HELOCs
that
are 60 or more days delinquent in the payment of principal or interest for
the
relevant payment date, including HELOCs in foreclosure, REO Property and HELOCs
with a related mortgagor subject to bankruptcy procedures, and the denominator
of which is the aggregate Stated Principal Balance of all of the HELOCs
immediately preceding the relevant payment date.
“Sponsor
Certificate Pro Rata Test” is met with respect to any payment date during the
Managed Amortization Period if the Certificate Principal Balance of the Class
S
Certificates is greater than 3.00% of the aggregate Stated Principal Balance
of
the HELOCs.
“Stated
Principal Balance” with respect to any HELOC and any payment date, the principal
balance of the HELOC as of the Cut-off Date, plus the aggregate amount of all
Draws conveyed to the trust in respect of such HELOC minus all collections
credited against the principal balance of such HELOC in accordance with the
related mortgage note and minus all prior related Charge-Off
Amounts.
The
Stated Principal Balance of any Charged-Off HELOC is zero.
“Stepdown
Date” means the later to occur of
(x) the
payment date occurring in April 2009 and
(y) the
first
payment date for which the Current Specified Enhancement Percentage is greater
than or equal to approximately 6.40%.
“Subsequent
Recoveries” means subsequent recoveries, net of reimbursable expenses, with
respect to HELOCs that have been previously liquidated and that resulted in
a
Charge-Off Amount.
“Trigger
Event” with respect to any payment date is if any of the following tests is not
satisfied: (A) the 60 Day Plus Delinquency Percentage is less than 4.50% of
the
aggregate Stated Principal Balance of the HELOCs, (B) for any payment date,
the
Cumulative Charge-off Percentage for such payment date is less than the
following:
Prior
to March 2009
|
2.65%
|
March
2009-February 2010
|
2.65%,
plus an additional 1/12th of 1.45% for each payment date after March
2009
up to and including the payment date in February 2010
|
March
2010 to February 2011
|
4.10%,
plus an additional 1/12th of 0.65% for each payment date after March
2010
up to and including the payment date in February 2011
|
March
2011 to February 2012
|
4.75%,
plus an additional 1/12th of 0.25% for each payment date after March
2011
up to and including the payment date in February 2012
|
March
2012 and thereafter
|
5.00%
|
|
|
“Trust
Agreement” means the Trust Agreement, dated as of September 6, 2006, between the
depositor and the owner trustee, as amended and restated by the Trust agreement,
dated as of September 15, among the depositor, the owner trustee, and the
securities administrator.
“Unpaid
Interest Shortfall Amount” means with respect to any class of Notes and (i) the
first payment date, zero, and (ii) any payment date after the first payment
date, the amount, if any, by which (A) the sum of (1) the Current Interest
for
such class of Notes for the immediately preceding payment date and (2) the
outstanding Unpaid Interest Shortfall Amount, if any, for such class of Notes
for such preceding payment date exceeds (B) the aggregate amount distributed
on
such class of Notes in respect of interest pursuant to clause (A) above on
such
preceding payment date, plus interest on the amount of the interest due but
not
paid on such class of Notes on such preceding payment date, to the extent
permitted by law, at the Note Interest Rate for such class for the related
accrual period.
Calculation
of One-Month LIBOR
On
the
second LIBOR business day preceding the commencement of each accrual period,
for
the Notes bearing interest at an adjustable rate, which date we refer to as
an
interest determination date, the securities administrator will determine
One-Month LIBOR for such accrual period on the basis of such rate as it appears
on Telerate Screen Page 3750, as of 11:00 a.m. London time on such interest
determination date. If such rate does not appear on such page, or such other
page as may replace that page on that service, or if such service is no longer
offered, such other service for displaying LIBOR or comparable rates as may
be
reasonably selected by the securities administrator, One-Month LIBOR for the
applicable accrual period will be the Reference Bank Rate. If no such quotations
can be obtained and no Reference Bank Rate is available, One-Month LIBOR will
be
the One-Month LIBOR applicable to the preceding accrual period.
The
Reference Bank Rate with respect to any accrual period, means the arithmetic
mean, rounded upwards, if necessary, to the nearest whole multiple of 0.03125%,
of the offered rates for United States dollar deposits for one month that are
quoted by the Reference Banks, as described below, as of 11:00 a.m., New York
City time, on the related interest determination date to prime banks in the
London interbank market for a period of one month in amounts approximately
equal
to the aggregate Note Principal Balance of all classes of Notes bearing interest
at an adjustable rate for such accrual period, provided that at least two such
Reference Banks provide such rate. If fewer than two offered rates appear,
the
Reference Bank Rate will be the arithmetic mean, rounded upwards, if necessary,
to the nearest whole multiple of 0.03125%, of the rates quoted by one or more
major banks in New York City, selected by the securities administrator, as
of
11:00 a.m., New York City time, on such date for loans in U.S. dollars to
leading European banks for a period of one month in amounts approximately equal
to the aggregate Note Principal Balance of all classes of Notes bearing interest
at an adjustable rate for such accrual period. As used in this section, “LIBOR
business day” means a day on which banks are open for dealing in foreign
currency and exchange in London and New York City; and “Reference Banks” means
leading banks selected by the securities administrator and engaged in
transactions in Eurodollar deposits in the international Eurocurrency
market
|
•
|
with
an established place of business in
London,
|
|
•
|
which
have been designated as such by the securities administrator
and
|
|
•
|
which
are not controlling, controlled by, or under common control with,
the
depositor, the sponsor or the master
servicer.
|
The
establishment of One-Month LIBOR on each interest determination date by the
securities administrator and the securities administrator’s calculation of the
rate of interest applicable to the classes of Notes bearing interest at an
adjustable rate for the related accrual period shall, in the absence of manifest
error, be final and binding.
Payments
on the Notes
General.
On each
payment date, the securities administrator will make payments on the Notes
to
the persons in whose names such Notes are registered at the related record
date.
The
securities administrator will make payments on each payment date by wire
transfer in immediately available funds to the account of a Noteholder at a
bank
or other depository institution having appropriate wire transfer facilities
as
instructed by a Noteholder in writing in accordance with the Indenture. If
no
such instructions are given to the securities administrator, then the securities
administrator will make such payments by check mailed to the address of the
person entitled thereto as it appears on the Note register; provided, however,
that the final payment in retirement of the Notes will be made only upon
presentation and surrender of such Notes at the offices of the securities
administrator designated for such purposes. As of the closing date, the
securities administrator designates its offices located at 135 South LaSalle
Street, Suite 1511, Chicago, Illinois 60603 for purposes of surrender, transfer
and exchange. On each payment date, a holder of a Note will receive such
holder’s percentage interest of the amounts required to be distributed with
respect to the applicable class of Notes. The percentage interest evidenced
by a
Note will equal the percentage derived by dividing the denomination of such
Note
by the aggregate denominations of all Notes of the applicable
class.
Interest
Payments.
Interest on the Note Principal Balance or Notional Amount, as applicable, of
each class of the Notes entitled thereto will accrue during each accrual period
at the applicable Note Interest Rate and will be payable to such Notes on each
payment date, commencing in September 2006. The securities administrator will
calculate interest for the Notes (other than the Class A-IO Notes) based on
a
360-day year and the actual number of days elapsed in the related accrual
period, and, in the case of the Class A-IO Notes, based on a 360-day year
consisting of twelve 30-day months.
On
each
payment date, the Class S Floating Allocation Percentage of the Interest
Collection Amount for such payment date, reduced by the servicing and master
servicing fees, will be distributed to the Class S Certificates. On each payment
date, the Floating Allocation Percentage of the Interest Collection Amount
for
such payment date, reduced by the servicing and master servicing fees, will
be
distributed in the following order of priority:
1. |
to
the Note Insurer, the current and any past due premium due for the
Policy;
|
2. |
to
the Class A Notes and the Class A-IO Notes, pro rata, the Current
Interest
and any Unpaid Interest Shortfall Amount for such payment date;
|
3. |
to
the Note Insurer, as reimbursement for prior draws (including applicable
interest) made under the Policy;
|
4. |
to
the Class B Notes, the related Current Interest for such class and
payment
date;
|
5. |
on
each payment date prior to the payment date in September 2007, to
the
Class E Certificates, the lesser of (i) $20,000 and (ii) the Interest
Collection Amount for such payment date remaining following the payments
pursuant to clauses (1)-(4) above;
|
6. |
to
the classes of Notes (other than the Class A-IO Notes), as a payment
of
principal, the amount necessary to build the Overcollateralization
Amount
to the Overcollateralization Target Amount, including covering the
Floating Allocation Percentage of the Charge-Off Amounts during the
related Collection Period;
|
7. |
to
cover any Charge-Off Amounts allocated to the Class A Notes (to the
extent
not covered by the Policy);
|
8. |
to
the Class B Notes, any Unpaid Interest Shortfall Amount for such
payment
date and such class;
|
9. |
to
the Class A Notes and Class A-IO Notes, pro rata, any Net WAC Cap
Rate
Carryover Amounts for such payment date and each such
class;
|
10. |
to
the Class B Notes, any Net WAC Cap Rate Carryover Amount for such
payment
date and such class;
|
11. |
to
the Note Insurer, any other amounts owed to the Note Insurer pursuant
to
the Insurance Agreement; and
|
12. |
to
the Certificates, as specified in the Trust Agreement.
|
On
any
Payment Date, any Relief Act Shortfalls, any prepayment interest shortfalls
and
any Extraordinary Trust Fund Expenses payable to any party (subject to the
Extraordinary Trust Fund Expenses Cap) will be allocated as a reduction to
the
Current Interest for the Offered Notes and Class B Notes and the amounts payable
from interest collections to the Class S Certificates, on a pro rata basis
based
on the respective amounts of interest accrued on those Notes and interest
amounts payable to the Class S Certificates for that payment date. The holders
of the Offered Notes and Class S Certificates will not be entitled to
reimbursement for the allocation of any of those shortfalls and expenses
described in the preceding sentence, nor will they be covered by the
Policy.
Principal
Payments.
On each
payment date during the Managed Amortization Period, the Class S Principal
Payment Amount shall be distributed to the holders of the Class S Certificates,
until the Certificate Principal Balance of such class has been reduced to zero.
On each payment date, the Available Principal Payment Amount will be distributed
as principal funds in the following order of priority:
(A) For
each
payment date prior to the Stepdown Date or on which a Trigger Event is in
effect:
(1) to
the
Class A Notes, the Available Principal Payment Amount for such payment date,
until the Note Principal Balance thereof is reduced to zero;
(2) to
the
Note Insurer, as reimbursement for prior draws (including applicable interest)
made under the Policy, to the extent not covered by the Interest Collection
Amount;
(3) to
the
Class B Notes, the remaining Available Principal Payment Amount, until the
Note
Principal Balance of such class has been reduced to zero;
(4) during
the Rapid Amortization Period, to the Class S Certificates, in reduction of
the
Certificate Principal Balance thereof, until the Certificate Principal Balance
is reduced to zero;
(5) to
the
Note Insurer, any other amounts owed to the Note Insurer pursuant to the
Insurance Agreement; and
(6) to
the
Certificates, as specified in the Trust Agreement.
(B) For
each
payment date on or after the Stepdown Date, so long as a Trigger Event is not
in
effect:
(1) to
the
Class A Notes, the Class A Principal Payment Amount, for such payment date,
until the Note Principal Balance thereof is reduced to zero;
(2) to
the
Note Insurer, as reimbursement for prior draws (including applicable interest)
made under the Policy, to the extent not covered by the Interest Collection
Amount;
(3) to
the
Class B Notes, the Class B Principal Payment Amount for such payment date,
until
the Note Principal Balance thereof is reduced to zero;
(4) during
the Rapid Amortization Period, to the Class S Certificates, in reduction of
the
Certificate Principal Balance thereof, until the Certificate Principal Balance
is reduced to zero;
(5) to
the
Note Insurer, any other amounts owed to the Note Insurer pursuant to the
Insurance Agreement; and
(6) to
the
Certificates, as specified in the Trust Agreement.
Rapid
Amortization Event.
A Rapid
Amortization Event is any of the following events:
(1) a
breach
of any representations, warranties or covenants of the sponsor in a material
manner, with such breach continuing unremedied for a specified period of time
following the submission of the applicable written notice(s);
(2) a
declaration of bankruptcy or insolvency by any of the issuing entity, the
depositor, the master servicer or the servicers;
(3) the
trust
becomes subject to the Investment Company Act of 1940;
(4) the
occurrence of a Rapid Amortization Trigger Event; or
(5) a
draw is
made on the Policy which remains unreimbursed for three months.
If
any
event described in clause (1) or (4) occurs, a Rapid Amortization Event will
occur only if, after the applicable grace period, either the Note Insurer or
the
securities administrator acting at the direction of the Noteholders holding
Notes evidencing more than 51% in Note Principal Balance of the Notes then
outstanding, with the consent of the Note Insurer, by written notice to the
holder of the Class E Certificates, the depositor, the sponsor and the servicers
(and to the securities administrator, if given by the Note Insurer or the
Noteholders) declare that a Rapid Amortization Event has occurred. If any event
described in clauses (2) or (3) occurs, a Rapid Amortization Event will occur
without any notice or other action on the part of the securities administrator,
the Note Insurer or the Noteholders immediately on the occurrence of such
event.
Table
of Fees and Expenses
The
following table indicates the fees and expenses to be paid from the cash flows
from the HELOCs and other assets of the trust fund, while the offered notes
are
outstanding.
All
fees
are expressed as percentages, at an annualized rate, applied to the outstanding
aggregate principal balance of the HELOCs.
Item
|
Fee
|
Paid
From
|
Servicing
Fee(1)
|
0.5000%
per annum
|
Mortgage
Loan Interest Collections
|
Master
Servicing Fee(1)
|
0.0195%
per annum
|
Mortgage
Loan Interest Collections
|
Policy
Premium(1)
|
0.2000%
per annum
|
Mortgage
Loan Interest Collections
|
|
|
|
(1)
The
servicing fee, master servicing fee and policy premium are paid on
a first
priority basis from collections allocable to interest on the HELOCs,
prior
to payments to Noteholders.
|
|
Allocation
of Losses
The
Floating Allocation Percentage of Charge-Off Amounts on the HELOCs will be
applied on any payment date as follows: first, to any available Interest
Collection Amount through an increase in the Overcollateralization Increase
Amount as provided in clause (6) under "Payments on the Notes — Interest
Payments" above, and second, in reduction of the Overcollateralization Amount
until reduced to zero. If on any payment date, as a result of the Charge-Off
Amounts, the sum of the aggregate Note Principal Balances of the Notes exceeds
the Invested Amount as of the last day of the related Collection Period, such
excess will be allocated to the Notes in the following order: first, to the
Class B Notes and, second, to the Class A Notes; provided that any Charge-Off
Amounts allocated to the Class A Notes will be covered by the Policy. The Class
S Floating Allocation Percentage of Charge-Off Amounts on the HELOCs will be
applied on any payment date to the Class S Certificates.
The
Indenture does not permit the allocation of Charge-Off Amounts to the Class
A-IO
Notes. Investors in the Class A-IO Notes should note that although Charge-Off
Amounts cannot be allocated to the Class A-IO Notes, under certain loss
scenarios there will not be enough interest collected on the HELOCs to pay
the
Class A-IO Notes the interest amounts to which they are then
entitled.
Once
Charge-Off Amounts have been allocated to a class of Notes, such amounts with
respect to such Notes will no longer accrue interest nor will such amounts
in
respect of interest be reinstated thereafter.
In
the
event that the servicers or the master servicer receive any Subsequent
Recoveries, such Subsequent Recoveries will be remitted in accordance with
the
priorities described under “—Payments
on the Notes,”
in
this prospectus supplement, and the Note Principal Balance of each class of
the
Class A Notes and Class B Notes that has been reduced by the allocation of
a
Charge-Off Amount to such class will be increased, in order of seniority, by the
amount of such Subsequent Recoveries. Holders of such classes of Notes will
not
be entitled to any payment in respect of Current Interest on the amount of
such
increases for any Accrual Period preceding the payment date on which such
increase occurs. Any Subsequent Recoveries are received during a Collection
Period will be included as a part of the Interest Collection Amount or Principal
Collection Amount, as the case may be, for the related payment
date.
Termination;
Retirement of Notes
The
HELOCs will be subject to optional purchase by the holder of the Class E
Certificates, or, if there is no single holder, the majority holder of the
Class
E Certificates, on any payment date after the sum of the Note Principal Balances
of the Notes is reduced to an amount less than or equal to 10% of the sum of
the
original Note Principal Balances of the Notes. Such optional purchase is subject
to the Note Insurer’s consent if the termination would result in a draw on the
Policy.
The
optional purchase price payable upon optional termination will be equal to
the
lesser of (i) the fair market value of the HELOCs and (ii) the sum of the
outstanding principal balance of the HELOCs, and accrued and unpaid interest
thereon at the weighted average of the mortgage rates through the day preceding
the final payment date; provided that the option may only be exercised if the
purchase price is sufficient to repay all outstanding principal and accrued
and
unpaid interest on the Notes and all amounts owing under the Insurance
Agreement.
Reports
to Noteholders
On
each
payment date, the securities administrator will make available to each
Noteholder, the master servicer, the indenture trustee, the Note Insurer and
the
depositor a statement, based upon information provided by the master servicer
and the servicers, generally setting forth, among other
information:
1. |
the
applicable record dates, accrual periods, determination dates for
calculating payments and general payment
dates;
|
2. |
the
total cash flows received and the general sources
thereof;
|
3. |
the
amount, if any, of fees or expenses accrued and paid, with an
identification of the payee and the general purpose of such
fees;
|
4. |
the
amount of related payments to Noteholders (other than the holders
of the
Class A-IO Notes) allocable to principal, separately identifying
(A) the
aggregate amount of any principal prepayments in full included therein
and
(B) the aggregate of all other payments included
therein;
|
5. |
with
respect to the Class A Notes, the amount of payments, if any, to
holders
of such Notes provided by the
Policy;
|
6. |
the
amount of draws on the HELOCs;
|
7. |
the
amount of payments to Noteholders allocable to
interest;
|
8. |
Unpaid
Interest Shortfall Amount and any Net WAC Cap Rate Carryover Amounts
with
respect to the Notes;
|
9. |
the
Note Principal Balances of the Notes, if applicable, before and after
giving effect to the payment of principal and allocation of Charge-Off
Amounts on such payment date;
|
10. |
the
number and Stated Principal Balance of all the HELOCs in the aggregate
for
the following payment date, together with updated pool composition
information;
|
11. |
the
amount of the servicing fees for the related Collection
Period;
|
12. |
the
Note Interest Rate for each class of Notes for such payment date
and
whether such rate was based on the Net WAC Cap
Rate;
|
13. |
the
number and aggregate Stated Principal Balance of the HELOCs (A) delinquent
(1) 31-60 days, (2) 61-90 days and (3) 91 or more days, (B) in foreclosure
and delinquent (1) 31-60 days, (2) 61-90 days and (3) 91 or more
days, in
each case as of the close of business on the last day of the calendar
month preceding such payment date, and (C) subject to bankruptcy
or
similar insolvency proceedings;
|
14. |
the
amount of, if any, of excess cash flow or excess spread and the
application of such excess cash
flow;
|
15. |
with
respect to any HELOC that was charged off during the preceding Collection
Period, the loan number and Stated Principal Balance of, and Charge-Off
Amount on such HELOC as of the end of the related Collection
Period;
|
16. |
information
on loss, delinquency or other tests used for determining early
amortization, liquidation, stepdowns or other performance triggers
as more
completely described in the prospectus supplement and whether the
trigger
was met;
|
17. |
the
total number and principal balance of any related real estate owned,
or
REO, properties as of the end of the related Collection
Period;
|
18. |
if
applicable, material modifications, extensions or waivers to pool
asset
terms, fees, penalties or payments during the payment period or that
have
become material over time;
|
19. |
material
breaches of pool asset representations or warranties or transaction
covenants;
|
20. |
the
cumulative Charge-Off Amounts through the end of the preceding month;
|
21. |
the
60 Day Plus Delinquent Percentage for the related payment
date;
|
22. |
any
modifications of the HELOCs;
|
23. |
the
total number and principal balance of any HELOCs repurchased due
to
delinquencies; and
|
24. |
the
special hazard amount, fraud loss amount and bankruptcy amount, if
applicable, as of the close of business on the applicable payment
date and
a description of any change in the calculation of these
amounts.
|
The
securities administrator will make the monthly statement and, at its option,
any
additional files containing the same information in an alternative format,
available each month to Noteholders via the securities administrator’s internet
website at www.etrustee.net. Assistance in using the website service can be
obtained by calling the securities administrator’s customer service desk at
312-992-1743. Parties that are unable to use the above distribution options
are
entitled to have a paper copy mailed to them via first class mail by calling
the
customer service desk and indicating such. The securities administrator may
change the way monthly statements are distributed in order to make such
distributions more convenient or more accessible to the above
parties.
The
annual reports on Form 10-K, the distribution reports on Form 10-D, certain
current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished
with respect to the trust pursuant to section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange
Act
will be made available on the website of the securities administrator as soon
as
reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or
furnished to, the SEC.
In
addition, within a reasonable period of time after the end of each calendar
year, the securities administrator will prepare and deliver to each Noteholder
of record during the previous calendar year a statement containing information
necessary to enable Noteholders to prepare their tax returns. Such statements
will not have been examined and reported upon by an independent public
accountant.
INDENTURE
The
following summary describes some of the terms of the Indenture. The summary
does
not purport to be complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety
by
reference to, the provisions of the Trust Agreement and Indenture. Whenever
particular defined terms of the Indenture are referred to, those defined terms
are incorporated in this prospectus supplement by reference. The depositor
will
provide to a prospective or actual Noteholder without charge, on written
request, a copy (without exhibits) of the Indenture and the Trust Agreement.
Requests should be addressed to Bear Stearns Asset Backed Securities I LLC,
383
Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10179.
General
The
Notes
will be issued pursuant to the Indenture, a form of which is filed as an exhibit
to the registration statement. A Current Report on Form 8-K relating to the
Notes containing a copy of the Indenture, the Trust Agreement, the
Administration Agreement and the Sale and Servicing Agreement as executed will
be filed by the depositor with the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
The
Issuing Entity
The
issuing entity is a statutory trust formed under the laws of the State of
Delaware pursuant to the Trust Agreement. The Trust Agreement constitutes the
“governing instrument” under the laws of the State of Delaware relating to
statutory trusts. After its formation, the issuing entity will not engage in
any
activity other than (i) acquiring and holding the assets of the trust and
proceeds therefrom, (ii) issuing the notes, (iii) making payments on the notes
and (iv) engaging in other activities that are necessary, suitable or convenient
to accomplish the foregoing or are incidental thereto or connected
therewith.
The
issuing entity is not expected to have any significant assets other than the
HELOCs pledged to the indenture trustee as collateral to secure the Notes.
The
issuing entity's principal offices are in Wilmington, Delaware, in care of
Wilmington Trust Company, as owner trustee.
The
Owner Trustee
Wilmington
Trust Company will be the owner trustee under the Trust Agreement. The owner
trustee is a Delaware banking corporation and its principal offices are located
in Wilmington, Delaware.
As
compensation for its duties under the Trust Agreement, the owner trustee will
be
paid a fee as agreed upon by the owner trustee and the sponsor pursuant to
a
separate agreement, which amounts will be paid by the sponsor . The Trust
Agreement will provide that the owner trustee and any director, officer,
employee or agent of the owner trustee will be entitled to recover from the
Payment Account all reasonable out-of pocket expenses, disbursements and
expenses of the owner trustee, in connection with any event of default, any
breach of the Trust Agreement or any claim or legal action (including any
pending or threatened claim or legal action) incurred or made by the owner
trustee (including the reasonable compensation and disbursements of its
counsel), other than any such expense or disbursement as may arise from its
gross negligence or intentional misconduct or which is the responsibility of
the
Noteholders.
Neither
the owner trustee nor any director, officer or employee of the owner trustee
will be under any liability to the issuing entity or the Noteholders under
the
Trust Agreement under any circumstances, except for the owner trustee’s own
misconduct, gross negligence, bad faith or gross negligent failure to act or
in
the case of the inaccuracy of certain representations made by the owner trustee
in the Trust Agreement. All persons into which the owner trustee may be merged
or with which it may be consolidated or any person resulting from such merger
or
consolidation shall be the successor of the owner trustee under the Trust
Agreement.
The
Indenture
Trustee
The
indenture trustee is Citibank, N.A., a national banking association and wholly
owned subsidiary of Citigroup Inc., a Delaware corporation. Citibank, N.A.
performs as indenture trustee through the Agency and Trust line of business,
which is part of the Global Transaction Services division. Citibank, N.A. has
primary corporate trust offices located in both New York and London. Citibank,
N.A. is a leading provider of corporate trust services offering a full range
of
agency, fiduciary, tender and exchange, depositary and escrow services. As
of
the end of the second quarter of 2006, Citibank’s Agency & Trust group
manages in excess of 3.5 trillion in fixed income and equity investments on
behalf of approximately 2,500 corporations worldwide. Since 1987, Citibank
Agency & Trust has provided trustee services for asset-backed securities
containing pool assets consisting of airplane leases, auto loans and leases,
boat loans, commercial loans, commodities, credit cards, durable goods,
equipment leases, foreign securities, funding agreement backed note programs,
truck loans, utilities, student loans and commercial and residential mortgages.
As of the end of the second quarter of 2006, Citibank, N.A. acts as trustee
and/or paying agent on approximately 274 various residential mortgage-backed
transactions.
Citibank,
N.A. may resign at any time, in which event the depositor will be obligated
to
appoint a successor indenture trustee. The depositor may also remove Citibank,
N.A. if it ceases to be eligible to continue as such under the Indenture or
the
Sale and Servicing Agreement, if it becomes incapable of acting, if it becomes
insolvent, or if a receiver or public officer takes charge of Citibank, N.A.
or
its property, or if the credit rating of Citibank, N.A. falls below certain
levels. Upon such resignation or removal of Citibank, N.A., the depositor will
be entitled to appoint a successor indenture trustee with the consent of the
Note Insurer. Citibank, N.A. may also be removed at any time by the holders
of
the Offered Notes evidencing ownership of not less than 51% of the Notes or
the
Note Insurer. Any such resignation or removal of Citibank, N.A. and appointment
of a successor indenture trustee will not become effective until acceptance
of
the appointment by the successor indenture trustee.
On
and
after the time the master servicer receives a notice of termination pursuant
to
the Sale and Servicing Agreement, the indenture trustee shall automatically
become the successor to the master servicer with respect to the transactions
set
forth or provided for in the Sale and Servicing Agreement and after a transition
period (not to exceed 90 days), shall be subject to all the responsibilities,
duties and liabilities relating thereto placed on the master servicer by the
terms and provisions in the Sale and Servicing Agreement; provided, however,
pursuant to the Sale and Servicing Agreement, the indenture trustee in its
capacity as successor master servicer shall be responsible for making any
advances required to be made by the master servicer immediately upon the
termination of the master servicer and any such advance shall be made on the
payment date on which such advance was required to be made by the predecessor
master servicer. Effective on the date of such notice of termination, as
compensation therefor, the indenture trustee shall be entitled to all
compensation, reimbursement of expenses and indemnification that the master
servicer would have been entitled to if it had continued to act hereunder,
provided, however, that the indenture trustee shall not be (i) liable for any
acts or omissions of the master servicer, (ii) obligated to make advances if
it
is prohibited from doing so under applicable law, (iii) responsible for expenses
of the master servicer or (iv) obligated to deposit losses on any permitted
investment directed by the master servicer. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
the
indenture trustee may, if it shall be unwilling to so act, or shall, if it
is
prohibited by applicable law from making advances or if it is otherwise unable
to so act, appoint, or petition a court of competent jurisdiction to appoint,
any established mortgage loan servicing institution the appointment of which
does not adversely affect the then current rating of the Notes by each rating
agency (without regard to the Policy) as the successor to the master servicer
pursuant to the Sale and Servicing Agreement in the assumption of all or any
part of the responsibilities, duties or liabilities of the master servicer
pursuant to the Sale and Servicing Agreement. Any successor master servicer
shall (i) be an institution that is a Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac approved
seller/servicer in good standing, that has a net worth of at least $15,000,000,
(ii) be acceptable to the Note Insurer (which consent shall not be unreasonably
withheld) and (iii) be willing to act as successor servicer of any HELOCs under
the Sale and Servicing Agreement, and shall have executed and delivered to
the
depositor, the Note Insurer and the indenture trustee an agreement accepting
such delegation and assignment, that contains an assumption by such person
of
the rights, powers, duties, responsibilities, obligations and liabilities of
the
master servicer (other than any liabilities of the master servicer hereof
incurred prior to termination of the master servicer as set forth in the Sale
and Servicing Agreement), with like effect as if originally named as a party
to
the Sale and Servicing Agreement, provided that each rating agency shall have
acknowledged in writing that its rating of the Notes in effect immediately
prior
to such assignment and delegation (without regard to the Policy) will not be
qualified or reduced as a result of such assignment and delegation. If the
indenture trustee assumes the duties and responsibilities of the master
servicer, the indenture trustee shall not resign as master servicer until a
successor master servicer has been appointed and has accepted such appointment.
Pending appointment of a successor to the master servicer hereunder, the
indenture trustee, unless the indenture trustee is prohibited by law from so
acting, shall act in such capacity as provided in the Sale and Servicing
Agreement. In connection with such appointment and assumption, the indenture
trustee may make such arrangements for the compensation of such successor out
of
payments on HELOCs or otherwise as it and such successor shall agree; provided
that no such compensation unless agreed to by the Noteholders and the Note
Insurer shall be in excess of that permitted the master servicer hereunder.
The
indenture trustee and such successor shall take such action, consistent with
the
Sale and Servicing Agreement, as shall be necessary to effectuate any such
succession. Neither the indenture trustee nor any other successor master
servicer shall be deemed to be in default hereunder by reason of any failure
to
make, or any delay in making, any payment hereunder or any portion thereof
or
any failure to perform, or any delay in performing, any duties or
responsibilities hereunder, in either case caused by the failure of the master
servicer to deliver or provide, or any delay in delivering or providing, any
cash, information, documents or records to it.
The
costs
and expenses of the indenture trustee in connection with the termination of
the
master servicer, appointment of a successor master servicer and, if applicable,
any transfer of servicing, including, without limitation, all costs and expenses
associated with the complete transfer of all servicing data and the completion,
correction or manipulation of such servicing data as may be required by the
indenture trustee to correct any errors or insufficiencies in the servicing
data
or otherwise to enable the indenture trustee or the successor master servicer
to
service the HELOCs properly and effectively, to the extent not paid by the
terminated master servicer, will be payable to the indenture trustee pursuant
to
the Sale and Servicing Agreement. Any successor to the master servicer as
successor servicer under any subservicing agreement shall give notice to the
applicable mortgagors of such change of servicer and will, during the term
of
its service as successor servicer maintain in force the policy or policies
that
the master servicer is required to maintain pursuant to the Sale and Servicing
Agreement.
If
the
indenture trustee will succeed to any duties of the master servicer respecting
the HELOCs as provided herein, it will do so in a separate capacity and not
in
its capacity as indenture trustee and, accordingly, the provisions of the
Indenture and the Sale and Servicing Agreement concerning the indenture
trustee’s duties will be inapplicable to the indenture trustee in its duties as
the successor to the master servicer in the servicing of the HELOCs (although
such provisions will continue to apply to the indenture trustee in its capacity
as indenture trustee); the provisions of the Sale and Servicing Agreement
relating to the master servicer, however, will apply to it in its capacity
as
successor master servicer.
Upon
any
termination or appointment of a successor to the master servicer, the indenture
trustee will give prompt written notice thereof to Noteholders of record
pursuant to the Indenture and the Sale and Servicing Agreement and to the Note
Insurer and to the rating agencies.
Within
60
days after the occurrence of any event of default, the indenture trustee shall
transmit by mail to all Noteholders and the Note Insurer notice of each such
event of default hereunder actually known to a responsible officer of the
indenture trustee, unless such event of default shall have been cured or
waived.
In
no
event will the indenture trustee be liable for special, indirect or
consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including but not limited
to lost profits), even if the indenture trustee has been advised of the
likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action.
Furthermore, the indenture trustee will not be responsible for the acts or
omissions of the other transaction parties, it being understood that the
Indenture and the Sale and Servicing Agreement will not be construed to render
them partners, joint venturers or agents of one another. None of the foregoing
will be construed, however, to relieve the indenture trustee from liability
for
its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act or its own willful
misconduct. The indenture trustee will be entitled to reimbursement and
indemnification by the trust for any loss, liability or expense arising out
of
or in connection with the Indenture and Sale and Servicing Agreement as set
forth thereof except any such loss, liability or expense as may arise from
its
negligence or intentional misconduct.
In
addition to having express duties under the Indenture and the Sale and Servicing
Agreement, the indenture trustee, as a fiduciary, also has certain duties unique
to fiduciaries under applicable law. In general, the indenture trustee will
be
subject to certain federal laws and, because the Indenture and the Sale and
Servicing Agreement are governed by New York law, certain New York state laws.
As a national bank acting in a fiduciary capacity, the indenture trustee will,
in the administration of its duties under the Indenture and the Sale and
Servicing Agreement, be subject to certain regulations promulgated by the Office
of the Comptroller of the Currency, specifically those set forth in Chapter
12,
Part 9 of the Code of Federal Regulations. The Indenture provides that the
indenture trustee is subject to the prudent person standard only for so long
as
an event of default has occurred and remains uncured.
The
compensation to the indenture trustee for its duties as indenture trustee will
be paid by the master servicer pursuant to a separate fee
agreement.
The
Securities Administrator
LaSalle
will be the securities administrator under the Sale and Servicing Agreement.
LaSalle is a national banking association formed under the federal laws of
the
United States of America. Its parent company, LaSalle Bank Corporation, is
a
subsidiary of ABN AMRO Bank N.V., a Netherlands banking
corporation.
LaSalle
has extensive experience performing securities administration duties on
securitizations of residential mortgage loans. Since January 1994, LaSalle
has
served as trustee, paying agent or securities administrator on over 450
residential mortgage-backed security transactions involving assets similar
to
mortgage loans. As of July 31, 2006, LaSalle served as trustee, paying agent
or
securities administrator on over 375 residential mortgage-backed security
transactions. Using information set forth in this prospectus supplement, the
securities administrator will develop the cashflow model for the trust. Based
on
the monthly loan information provided by the servicers and the master servicer
on the HELOCs, the securities administrator will calculate the amount of
principal and interest to be paid to each class of Notes and Certificates on
each payment date. In accordance with the cashflow model and based on the
monthly loan information provided by the servicers and the master servicer,
the
securities administrator will perform payment calculations, remit payments
on
the payment date to noteholders and prepare a monthly statement to noteholders
detailing the payments received and the activity on the HELOCs during the
Collection Period. In performing these obligations, the securities administrator
will be able to conclusively rely on the information provided to it by the
servicers and the master servicer, and the securities administrator will not
be
required to recompute, recalculate or verify the information provided to it
by
the servicers or the master servicer.
The
depositor, sponsor, owner trustee, indenture trustee, the Note Insurer and
either servicer may maintain other banking relationships in the ordinary course
of business with LaSalle. LaSalle’s corporate trust office for securities
administration purposes is located at 135 South LaSalle Street, Suite 1511,
Chicago, Illinois, 60603, Attention: Global Securities and Trust Services -
SACO
2006-8 or at such other address as LaSalle may designate from time to
time.
The
Custodian
Pursuant
to the Custodial Agreement among, Citibank, N.A., as indenture trustee, LaSalle
Bank National Association (“LaSalle”), as custodian, the sponsor , the master
servicer, and the depositor (the “Custodial Agreement”), LaSalle will act as the
custodian to hold a portion of the mortgage files for the HELOCs on behalf
of
the indenture trustee for the benefit of all present and future Noteholders
and
the Note Insurer. The custodian shall, on behalf of the indenture trustee,
conduct the review of each mortgage file in its possession with respect to
the
HELOCs and perform all other duties relating to the custody of such mortgage
files as are delegated to the custodian pursuant to the terms of the Custodial
Agreement.
In
its
capacity as custodian, LaSalle will hold the HELOC loan files exclusively for
the use and benefit of the trust. The custodian will not have any duty or
obligation to inspect, review or examine any of the documents, instruments,
notes or other papers relating to the mortgage loans delivered to it to
determine that the same are valid. The disposition of the HELOC loan files
will
be governed by the custodial agreement. LaSalle provides custodial services
on
over 1,000 residential, commercial and asset-backed securitization transactions
and currently maintains approximately 2.5 million custody files in its two
vault
locations in Elk Grove Village, Illinois and Irvine, California. LaSalle’s two
vault locations can maintain a total of approximately 6 million custody files.
All custody files are segregated and maintained in secure and fire resistant
facilities in compliance with customary industry standards. The vault
construction complies with Fannie Mae/Ginnie Mae guidelines applicable to
document custodians. LaSalle maintains disaster recovery protocols to ensure
the
preservation of custody files in the event of force majeure and maintains,
in
full force and effect, such fidelity bonds and/or insurance policies as are
customarily maintained by banks which act as custodians. LaSalle uses unique
tracking numbers for each custody file to ensure segregation of collateral
files
and proper filing of the contents therein and accurate file labeling is
maintained through a monthly quality assurance process. LaSalle uses a licensed
collateral review system to track and monitor the receipt and movement
internally or externally of custody files and any release of collateral or
reinstatement of collateral.
LaSalle
and the sponsor are parties to certain custodial agreements whereby LaSalle,
for
consideration, provides custodial services to the sponsor for certain
residential mortgage loans originated or purchased by it. Pursuant to these
custodial agreements, LaSalle is currently providing custodial services for
all
of the HELOCs to be sold by the sponsor to the depositor in connection with
this
securitization. The terms of the custodial agreements are customary for the
residential mortgage-backed securitization industry providing for the delivery,
receipt, review and safekeeping of mortgage loan files.
The
Payment
Account
The
securities administrator shall establish and maintain in the name of the
indenture trustee, for the benefit of the Noteholders and the Note Insurer,
an
account (the “Payment Account”), into which on the Business Day prior to each
payment date it will deposit all amounts transferred to it by the master
servicer from the Master Servicer Collection Account and all proceeds of any
HELOCs and related REO Properties transferred in connection with the optional
termination of the trust. All amounts deposited to the Payment Account shall
be
held in the name of the indenture trustee in trust for the benefit of the
Noteholders and the Note Insurer in accordance with the terms and provisions
of
the Indenture. The amount at any time credited to the Payment Account may be
invested in the name of the indenture trustee for the benefit of the securities
administrator, in permitted investments selected by the securities
administrator, as set forth in the Indenture.
On
each
payment date, the securities administrator will withdraw the Principal
Collection Amount and Interest Collection Amount from the Payment Account and
make payments to the Noteholders in accordance with the provisions set forth
under “Description of the Notes—Payments on the Notes.” Each of the indenture
trustee and the custodian will be entitled to compensation for its services
under the Sale and Servicing Agreement, the Indenture and the Custodial
Agreements which shall be paid by the master servicer. The securities
administrator shall be entitled to any earnings on any amounts on deposit in
the
Master Servicer Collection Account and the Payment Account as compensation
for
its duties under the Sale and Servicing Agreement and the
Indenture.
Each
of
the indenture trustee, the securities administrator and the custodian will
also
be entitled to be reimbursed for their respective expenses, costs and
liabilities incurred by or reimbursable to it pursuant to the Sale and Servicing
Agreement, the Indenture, the Trust Agreement, the Administration Agreement,
the
Policy, the Insurance Agreement or the Custodial Agreement prior to the
distribution of the Principal Collection Amount and Interest Collection Amount,
subject to the Extraordinary Trust Fund Expenses Cap.
Transfer
of Servicing
EMC
as
servicer may sell and assign its rights and delegate its duties and obligations
in its entirety as servicer under the Sale and Servicing Agreement; provided,
however, that: (i) the purchaser or transferee accepting such assignment and
delegation (a) shall be a person which shall be qualified to service mortgage
loans for Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac; (b) shall have a net worth of not less
than
$15,000,000 (unless otherwise approved by each rating agency pursuant to clause
(ii) below); (c) shall be reasonably satisfactory to the indenture trustee
(as
evidenced in a writing signed by the indenture trustee) and satisfactory to
the
Note Insurer; and (d) shall execute and deliver to the indenture trustee and
the
securities administrator an agreement, in form and substance reasonably
satisfactory to the indenture trustee and the securities administrator, which
contains an assumption by such person of the due and punctual performance and
observance of each covenant and condition to be performed or observed by it
as
servicer under the Sale and Servicing Agreement, any custodial agreement from
and after the effective date of such agreement; (ii) each rating agency shall
be
given prior written notice of the identity of the proposed successor to the
related servicer and each rating agency’s rating of the notes in effect
immediately prior to such assignment, sale and delegation (without regard to
the
Policy) will not be downgraded, qualified or withdrawn as a result of such
assignment, sale and delegation, as evidenced by a letter to such effect
delivered to the servicers, the Note Insurer, the indenture trustee and the
securities administrator (at the expense of the related servicer); and (iii)
the
servicer assigning and selling the servicing shall deliver to the indenture
trustee and the securities administrator an officer’s certificate and an opinion
of counsel addressed to the indenture trustee and the securities administrator,
each stating that all conditions precedent to such action under the Sale and
Servicing Agreement have been completed and such action is permitted by and
complies with the terms of the Sale and Servicing Agreement. No such assignment
or delegation shall affect any liability of the related servicer arising prior
to the effective date thereof.
Rights
Upon Event of Default
If
an
Event of Default should occur and be continuing, then and in every such case
the
indenture trustee, so long as the Note Insurer is not in default under the
Policy, at the written direction of the Note Insurer or at the written direction
of the Noteholders representing more than 50% of the aggregate Note Principal
Balance of the Notes then outstanding with the consent of the Note Insurer,
may
declare the related
class or classes of Notes
to
be immediately due and payable, and upon any such declaration the unpaid Note
Principal Balance of the class or classes of Notes, together with accrued and
unpaid interest thereon through the date of acceleration, shall become
immediately due and payable. Such declaration may, under certain circumstances
as described in the Indenture, be rescinded and annulled by the Note Insurer,
so
long as the Note Insurer is not in default under the Policy, or the Noteholders
representing more than 50% of the aggregate Note Principal Balance of the Notes
then outstanding with the consent of the Note Insurer.
If,
following an Event of Default and such declaration and its consequences have
not
been rescinded and annulled, the Notes have been declared to be due and payable,
the indenture trustee may, with the consent of the Note Insurer (which consent
shall not be required if the Note Insurer is in default under the Policy),
and
shall, at the written direction of the Note Insurer, so long as the Note Insurer
is not in default under the Policy, elect to maintain possession of the
collateral securing the Notes and to continue to apply payments on that
collateral as if there had been no declaration of acceleration, as described
in
the Indenture. In addition, the indenture trustee may not sell or otherwise
liquidate the collateral securing the Notes following an Event of Default,
unless (A) the indenture trustee receives the consent of the Note Insurer or
the
holders of 100% of the aggregate Note Principal Balance of the Notes then
outstanding (with the written consent of the Note Insurer), (B) it
is
determined that
the
proceeds of such sale or liquidation distributable to the holders of the Notes
are sufficient to discharge in full all amounts then due and unpaid upon such
Notes for principal and interest or (C) it is determined that the HELOCs will
not continue to provide sufficient funds for the payment of principal of and
interest on the Notes as they would have become due if the Notes had not been
declared due and payable, and the indenture trustee receives the consent of
the
Note Insurer.
If,
following an Event of Default, in accordance with above paragraph, the indenture
trustee sells or causes to be sold the assets included in the trust, proceeds
from the sale of such assets will be applied as provided in the
Indenture.
Unless
an
Event of Default shall occur and be continuing, the indenture trustee shall
be
under no obligation to exercise any of the rights and powers under the Indenture
at the request or direction of any of the Noteholders, unless such Noteholders
shall have offered to the indenture trustee security or indemnity satisfactory
to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by
it
in compliance with such request or direction. Unless the Note Insurer is in
default, the Note Insurer may exercise the rights of the Noteholders including
the right to direct the indenture trustee in all matters with respect to the
Notes under the Indenture.
Limitation
on Suits
To
the
extent set forth in the Indenture, no Noteholder will have any right to
institute any proceedings with respect to the Indenture unless (1) such
Noteholder has previously given written notice to the indenture trustee of
a
continuing Event of Default; (2) Noteholders representing not less than 25%
of
the aggregate Note Principal Balance of the Notes then outstanding have made
written request to the indenture trustee to institute proceedings in respect
of
such Event of Default in its own name as indenture trustee, on behalf of the
Noteholder; (3) such Noteholders have offered to the indenture trustee indemnity
satisfactory to it against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred
in
compliance with such request; (4) for 60 days after its receipt of such notice,
request and offer of indemnity the indenture trustee has failed to institute
any
such proceedings; and (5) no direction inconsistent with such written request
has been given to the indenture trustee during such 60-day period by the
Noteholders representing more than 50% of the aggregate Note Principal Balance
of the Notes then outstanding.
Voting
Rights
Voting
rights of the trust in general will be allocated among the classes of Notes
based upon their respective Note Principal Balances, provided that (i) prior
to
and including the payment date in August 2008, 1% of all voting rights will
be
allocated among the holders of the Class A-IO Notes, and (ii) the Note Insurer
will have the right to vote on behalf of the Class A Notes, for so long as
there
is no continuing default by the Note Insurer with respect to its obligations
under the Policy.
THE
POLICY
The
following summary of terms of the certificate guaranty insurance policy to
be
issued by Ambac Assurance Corporation (the “Note Insurer”) does not purport to
be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the
Policy.
General
The
Note
Insurer will issue a certificate guaranty insurance policy (the “Policy”) for
the Class A Notes. The Policy unconditionally guarantees the payment to the
securities administrator on behalf of the indenture trustee for the benefit
of
the Holders of the Class A Notes of any portion of Insured Amounts that have
become Due for Payment and Preference Amounts on the Class A Notes. The Note
Insurer will make each required Insured Amount payment to the securities
administrator for the benefit of the Holders of the Class A Notes, on the later
of (1) the payment date on which the Insured Amount is distributable to the
Holders under the Indenture, and (2) the second Business Day (as defined in
the
Policy) following the Business Day on which the Note Insurer shall have received
telephonic or telegraphic notice, subsequently confirmed in writing, or written
notice by registered or certified mail, from the securities administrator on
behalf of the indenture trustee, specifying that an Insured Amount is due in
accordance with the terms of the Policy; provided that, if such Notice is
received after 12:00 noon, New York City time, on such Business Day, it shall
be
deemed to be received on the following Business Day. If any such Notice is
not
in proper form or is otherwise insufficient for the purpose of making a claim
under the Policy, it shall be deemed not to have been received for purposes
of
this paragraph, and the Note Insurer shall promptly so advise the securities
administrator, and the securities administrator may submit an amended or
corrected Notice.
For
purposes of the Policy, a Holder as to a particular Class A Note does not and
may not include the master servicer, the servicers, the seller, the originators,
the depositor, the securities administrator, the indenture trustee, the owner
trustee or any of their affiliates.
No
parties other than the indenture trustee or the securities administrator can
execute a Notice and the securities administrator on behalf of the indenture
trustee or the indenture
trustee shall
be
entitled to present the Notice.
With
respect to any claim for payment hereunder for an Insured Amount or Preference
Amount, the Note Insurer shall be obligated to pay such amount only once,
notwithstanding that it may have received a Notice from both the indenture
trustee and the securities administrator with respect to such
claim.
The
Note
Insurer will be subrogated to the rights of each Holder of the Class A Notes
to
the extent of any payment by the Note Insurer under the Policy.
The
Note
Insurer agrees that if it shall be subrogated to the rights of the Holders
of
the Class A Notes, no recovery of such payment will occur unless the full amount
of such Holders’ allocable distributions for such payment date can be made. In
so doing, the Note Insurer does not waive its rights to seek full payment of
all
Reimbursement Amounts owed to it under the insurance agreement and the
Indenture.
The
Note
Insurer insures only (i) the timely receipt of interest on the Class A Notes,
calculated at the applicable Note Interest Rate, (ii) provided that the
Overcollateralization Amount and the Note Principal Balance of the Class B
Notes
have been reduced to zero, the reduction of the Note Principal Balance of the
Class A Notes as a result of the application of the principal portion of any
Charge-Off Amounts allocated to reduce the Note Principal Balance of the Class
A
Notes, and (iii) the remaining Note Principal Balance of the Class A Notes
on
the payment date in June 2036. The Policy will not cover Home Loan Interest
Shortfalls (as defined below), nor does the Policy guarantee to the Holders
of
the Class A Notes any particular rate of principal payment. In addition, the
Policy does not cover shortfalls, if any, attributable to the liability of
the
trust fund, any REMIC thereof, the indenture trustee or the securities
administrator for withholding taxes (or any interest or penalties due on such
withholding taxes) due on payments made in respect of the Class A Notes or
any
other risk other than Nonpayment, including the failure of the indenture trustee
or the securities administrator or a paying agent to make any payment required
under the Indenture to the Holders of the Class A Notes. In addition, the Policy
does not cover any interest shortfalls resulting from any Extraordinary Trust
Fund Expenses payable to any party subject to the Extraordinary Trust Fund
Expenses Cap. The Policy expires and terminates without any action on the part
of the Note Insurer or any other person on the date that is one year and one
day
following the earlier to occur of (a) the date that the Class A Notes have
been
paid in full and (b) the payment date in June 2036.
The
Note
Insurer’s obligation under the Policy will be discharged to the extent that
funds are received by the securities administrator, on behalf of the indenture
trustee, the indenture trustee or a paying agent on their behalf, as applicable,
for payment to the Holders of the Class A Notes whether or not those funds
are
properly paid by the securities administrator or the indenture trustee, as
applicable. Payments of Insured Amounts will be made only at the time set forth
in the Policy. In the event of a payment default by or insolvency of the trust
fund, there shall be no acceleration of the payments required to be made under
such Policy unless such acceleration is at the sole option of the Note
Insurer.
In
the
absence of payments under the Policy, Holders will directly bear the credit
risks associated with the Class A Notes.
The
Policy is non-cancelable. The premium on the Policy is not refundable for any
reason including payment, or provision being made for payment, prior to maturity
of the Class A Notes.
The
Policy is issued under and shall be construed under, the laws of the State
of
New York, without giving effect to the conflict of laws principles of the State
of New York.
THE
POLICY IS NOT COVERED BY THE PROPERTY/CASUALTY INSURANCE SECURITY FUND SPECIFIED
IN ARTICLE 76 OF THE NEW YORK INSURANCE LAW.
As
used
in this section of the prospectus supplement, the following terms shall have
the
following meanings:
“Current
Interest” means, with respect to the Class A Notes and any payment date, the
interest accrued at the Note Interest Rate for the applicable accrual period
on
the Note Principal Balance of the Class A Notes reduced by any Relief Act
Shortfalls to the extent allocated to the Class A Notes. Current Interest does
not include any Net WAC Cap Rate Carryover Amounts or any prepayment interest
shortfalls.
“Deficiency
Amount” means, with respect to the Class A Notes, (a) for any payment date
occurring prior to the payment date in June 2036, the excess, if any, of
Required Interest Distributions over the amount payable on such payment date
in
respect of Current Interest pursuant to the Indenture from all sources other
than the Policy, (b) for any payment date occurring prior to the payment date
in
June 2036, provided that the Overcollateralization Amount and the Note Principal
Balances of the Class B Notes have been reduced to zero, the reduction of the
Note Principal Balance of the Class A Notes as a result of the application
of
the principal portion of any Charge-Off Amounts allocated to reduce the Note
Principal Balance of the Class A Notes, and (c) for the payment date occurring
in June 2036, the sum of (x) the amount set forth in clause (a) above and (y)
the aggregate Note Principal Balance of the Class A Notes, after giving effect
to all payments of principal on the Class A Notes on that payment date from
all
sources other than the Policy.
“Due
for
Payment” means, with respect to any Insured Amounts, such amount is due and
payable pursuant to the terms of the Indenture.
“Holder”
means the registered owner or beneficial owner of any Class A Note, but shall
not include the indenture trustee, the owner trustee, the master servicer,
the
securities administrator, the servicers, the seller, the originators, the
depositor or any of their affiliates.
“Home
Loan Interest Shortfalls” means any Basis Risk Shortfalls, Net WAC Cap Rate
Carryover Amounts, Relief Act Shortfalls and prepayment interest
shortfalls.
“Insurance
Agreement” means the Insurance and Indemnity Agreement, dated as of September
15, 2006, by and among the parties thereto, as such agreement may be amended,
modified or supplemented from time to time.
“Insured
Amounts” means, with respect to any payment date, any Deficiency Amount for such
payment date.
“Insured
Payments” means the aggregate amount actually paid by the Note Insurer to the
indenture trustee or to the securities administrator on behalf of the indenture
trustee, as applicable, in respect of (i) Insured Amounts for any payment date
and (ii) Preference Amounts for any given Business Day.
“Nonpayment”
means, with respect to any payment date, an Insured Amount is Due for Payment
but has not been paid pursuant to the Indenture.
“Notice”
means the telephonic or telegraphic notice, promptly confirmed in writing by
facsimile substantially in the form of Exhibit A attached to the Policy, the
original of which is subsequently delivered by registered or certified mail,
executed by the indenture trustee or the securities administrator on behalf
of
the indenture trustee and prepared and delivered by the securities administrator
on behalf of the indenture trustee or the indenture trustee, specifying the
Insured Amount or Preference Amount which shall be due and owing on the
applicable payment date.
“Preference
Amount” means any payment of principal or interest on a Class A Note, which has
become Due for Payment and which is made to a Holder of a Class A Note, by
or on
behalf of the securities administrator or the indenture trustee which has been
deemed a preferential transfer and was previously recovered from its owner
pursuant to the United States Bankruptcy Code in accordance with a final,
non-appealable order of a court of competent jurisdiction.
“Reimbursement
Amount” means, with respect to any payment date, the sum of (x)(i) all Insured
Payments and Preference Amounts paid by the Note Insurer, but for which the
Note
Insurer has not been reimbursed prior to such payment date, plus (ii) interest
accrued on such Insured Payments and Preference Amounts not previously repaid
calculated at the rate set forth in the Insurance Agreement, from the date
the
securities administrator received the related Insured Payments or Preference
Amounts, and (y) without duplication (i) any amounts then due and owing to
the
Note Insurer under the Insurance Agreement, but for which the Note Insurer
has
not been paid or reimbursed prior to such payment date, plus (ii) interest
on
such amounts at the rate set forth in the Insurance Agreement.
“Relief
Act Shortfalls” means interest shortfalls resulting from the application of the
Relief Act or any similar state law.
“Required
Interest Distributions” means, with respect to the Class A Notes and any payment
date, the aggregate amount of Current Interest payable to the Class A
Notes.
Drawings
Under the Policy
If
there
is a Deficiency Amount for a payment date, the indenture trustee or the
securities administrator on behalf of the indenture trustee is required to
execute and the securities administrator on behalf of the indenture trustee
is
required to prepare and deliver a telephone or telegraphic notice, promptly
confirmed in writing by telecopy substantially in the form of Exhibit A to
the
Policy, the original of which is subsequently delivered by registered or
certified mail and submit the notice to the Note Insurer no later than 12:00
noon New York City time on the second Business Day preceding the payment date
as
a claim for an Insured Amount in an amount equal to the Deficiency Amount.
The
indenture trustee may also, in the absence of the securities administrator,
prepare and deliver such notice.
Payment
of Preference Amounts
Pursuant
to the Policy, the Note Insurer shall pay any Preference Amount when due to
be
paid pursuant to the Order (as defined below), but in any event no earlier
than
the third Business Day following receipt by the Note Insurer of (i) a certified
copy of a final, non-appealable order of a court or other body exercising
jurisdiction in such insolvency proceeding to the effect that the securities
administrator, the indenture trustee, or Holder, as applicable, is required
to
return such Preference Amount paid during the term of the Policy because such
payments were avoided as a preferential transfer or otherwise rescinded or
required to be restored by the securities administrator, the indenture trustee
or Holder (the “Order”), (ii) a certificate by or on behalf of the securities
administrator, the indenture trustee or Holder that the Order has been entered
and is not subject to any stay, (iii) an assignment, in form and substance
satisfactory to the Note Insurer, duly executed and delivered by the securities
administrator, the indenture trustee or Holder, irrevocably assigning to the
Note Insurer all rights and claims of the securities administrator, the
indenture trustee or Holder relating to or arising under the Indenture against
the estate of the securities administrator or the indenture trustee or otherwise
with respect to such Preference Amount and (iv) a notice (in the form provided
in the Policy) appropriately prepared by the securities administrator and
executed by the indenture trustee or the securities administrator on behalf
of
the indenture trustee and delivered by the securities administrator on behalf
of
the indenture trustee or the indenture trustee, as applicable; provided, that
if
such documents are received after 12:00 noon, New York City time on such
Business Day, they will be deemed to be received on the following Business
Day;
provided further, that the Note Insurer shall not be obligated to make any
payment in respect of any Preference Amount representing a payment of principal
on the Class A Notes prior to the time the Note Insurer would have been required
to make a payment in respect of such principal pursuant to the first paragraph
of the Policy. Such payment shall be disbursed to the receiver, conservator,
debtor-in-possession or trustee in bankruptcy named in the Order, and not to
the
Holder directly, unless the Holder has made a payment of the Preference Amount
to the court or such receiver, conservator, debtor-in-possession or trustee
in
bankruptcy named in the Order, in which case the Note Insurer will pay the
securities administrator on behalf of the indenture trustee for the benefit
of
the Holder, subject to the delivery of (a) the items referred to in clauses
(i),
(ii), (iii) and (iv) above to the Note Insurer and (b) evidence satisfactory
to
the Note Insurer that payment has been made to such court or receiver,
conservator, debtor-in-possession or trustee in bankruptcy named in the
Order.
The
Note Insurer
The
following information has been supplied by the Note Insurer for inclusion in
this prospectus supplement. No representation is made by depositor, the sponsor
, the master servicer, the securities administrator, the indenture trustee,
the
owner trustee or the underwriter as to the accuracy or completeness of the
information.
The
Note
Insurer accepts no responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of this
prospectus supplement or any other information or disclosure contained herein,
or omitted herefrom, other than with respect to the accuracy of the information
regarding the Note Insurer and its affiliates set forth under this heading.
In
addition, the Note Insurer makes no representation regarding the Offered Notes
or the advisability of investing in the Offered Notes.
General
Ambac
Assurance Corporation (“Ambac”)
is a
leading financial guarantee insurance company that is primarily engaged in
guaranteeing public finance and structured finance obligations. Ambac is the
successor to the founding financial guarantee insurance company, which wrote
the
first bond insurance policy in 1971. Ambac is licensed to transact financial
guarantee and surety business in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, the
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Territory of Guam and the U.S. Virgin Islands.
Ambac is subject to the insurance laws and regulations of the State of
Wisconsin, its state of incorporation, and the insurance laws and regulations
of
other states in which it is licensed to transact business. Ambac is a
wholly-owned subsidiary of Ambac Financial Group, Inc.(“Ambac
Financial Group”),
a
100% publicly-held company. Ambac has earned triple-A financial strength ratings
from Moody’s Investors Service, Inc., Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services,
Fitch, Inc., and Rating and Investment Information, Inc.
Capitalization
The
following table sets forth the capitalization of Ambac and subsidiaries as
of
December 31, 2004, December 31, 2005 and June 30, 2006 in conformity with U.S.
generally accepted accounting principles.
Ambac
Assurance Corporation and Subsidiaries
CONSOLIDATED
CAPITALIZATION TABLE
(Dollars
in Millions)
|
|
December
31, 2004
|
|
December
31, 2005
|
|
June
30, 2006
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited)
|
|
Unearned
premiums
|
|
$
|
2,783
|
|
$
|
2,966
|
|
$
|
3,052
|
|
Long
-term debtLong-term
debt
|
|
|
1,074
|
|
|
1,042
|
|
|
972
|
|
Other
liabilities
|
|
|
2,199
|
|
|
1,996
|
|
|
1,770
|
|
Total
liabilities
|
|
|
6,056
|
|
|
6,004
|
|
|
5,794
|
|
Stockholder's
equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common
stock
|
|
|
82
|
|
|
82
|
|
|
82
|
|
Additional
paid-in capital
|
|
|
1,233
|
|
|
1,453
|
|
|
1,467
|
|
Accumulated
other comprehensive income
|
|
|
238
|
|
|
137
|
|
|
10
|
|
Retained
earnings
|
|
|
4,094
|
|
|
4,499
|
|
|
4,875
|
|
Total
stockholder's equity
|
|
|
5,647
|
|
|
6,171
|
|
|
6,434
|
|
Total
liabilities and stockholder's equity
|
|
$
|
11,703
|
|
$
|
12,175
|
|
$
|
12,228
|
|
There
has
been no material adverse change in the capitalization of Ambac and subsidiaries
from June 30, 2006 to the date of this prospectus supplement.
For
additional financial information concerning Ambac, see the audited consolidated
financial statements of Ambac incorporated by reference herein.
Incorporation
of Certain Documents by Reference
The
portions of the following documents relating to Ambac, which have been filed
with the SEC by Ambac Financial Group, Inc. (Exchange Act registration number
No.1-10777), are incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement.
Any
information referenced in this way is considered part of this prospectus
supplement.
· |
Ambac
Financial Group’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2005 and filed on March 13, 2006;
|
· |
Ambac
Financial Group’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated and filed on April 26,
2006;
|
· |
Ambac
Financial Group’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three - month
period ended March 31, 2006 and filed on May 10,
2006;
|
· |
Ambac
Financial Group’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated and filed on July 26,
2006;
|
· |
Ambac
Financial Group’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 25, 2006 and filed
on July 26, 2006; and
|
· |
Ambac
Financial Group’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three - and six -
month periods ended June 30, 2006 and filed on August 9,
2006.
|
Ambac’s
consolidated financial statements and all other information relating to Ambac
and subsidiaries included in Ambac Financial Group’s periodic reports filed with
the SEC subsequent to the date of this prospectus supplement and prior to the
termination of the offering of the Class A Notes shall, to the extent filed
(rather than furnished pursuant to Item 9 of Form 8-K), be deemed to be
incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and to be a part
hereof from the respective dates of filing of such reports.
Any
statement contained in a document incorporated in the prospectus supplement
by
reference shall be modified or superseded for the purposes of this prospectus
supplement to the extent that a statement contained in a subsequently filed
document incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes such statement.
Any statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so
modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus
supplement.
Copies
of
all information regarding Ambac that is incorporated by reference in this
prospectus supplement can be read and copied at the SEC’s website at
http://www.sec.gov,
the
SEC’s public reference room at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549,
and the offices of the NYSE, 20 Broad Street, New York, New York 10005. Copies
of Ambac’s annual statement for the year ended December 31, 2005 prepared on the
basis of accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the State of Wisconsin
Office of the Commissioner of Insurance, are available without charge from
Ambac. The address of Ambac’s administrative offices and its telephone number
are One State Street Plaza, 19th
Floor,
New York, New York 10004 and (212) 668-0340.
Other
Information
Ambac
makes no representation regarding the Class A Notes or the advisability of
investing in the Class A Notes. Ambac has not independently verified, is not
responsible for, and makes no representation regarding, the accuracy or
completeness of this prospectus supplement, other than the information supplied
by Ambac and presented, included or referenced in this prospectus supplement
under the heading “The Policy.”
THE
POLICY IS NOT COVERED BY THE PROPERTY/CASUALTY INSURANCE SECURITY FUND SPECIFIED
IN ARTICLE 76 OF THE NEW YORK INSURANCE LAW.
YIELD,
PREPAYMENT AND MATURITY CONSIDERATIONS
General
The
yields to maturity of the Offered Notes will be sensitive in varying degrees
to
defaults on the HELOCs. If a purchaser of an Offered Note calculates its
anticipated yield based on an assumed rate of default and amount of losses
that
is lower than the default rate and amount of losses actually incurred, its
actual yield to maturity will be lower than that so calculated. In general,
the
earlier a loss occurs, the greater is the effect on an investor’s yield to
maturity. There can be no assurance as to the delinquency, foreclosure or loss
experience with respect to the HELOCs.
The
rate
of defaults on the HELOCs will also affect the rate and timing of principal
payments on the HELOCs. In general, defaults on HELOCs are expected to occur
with greater frequency in their early years. Furthermore, the rate and timing
of
prepayments, defaults and liquidations on the HELOCs will be affected by the
general economic condition of the region of the country in which the related
mortgaged properties are located. The risk of delinquencies and loss is greater
and prepayments are less likely in regions where a weak or deteriorating economy
exists, as may be evidenced by, among other factors, increasing unemployment
or
falling property values.
The
weighted average life of, and the yield to maturity on, each class of the
Offered Notes generally will be directly related to the rate of payment of
principal, including prepayments, of the HELOCs. The actual rate of principal
prepayments on pools of HELOCs is influenced by a variety of economic, tax,
geographic, demographic, social, legal and other factors and has fluctuated
considerably in recent years. In addition, the rate of principal prepayments
may
differ among pools of HELOCs at any time because of specific factors relating
to
the HELOCs in the particular pool, including, among other things, the age of
the
HELOCs, the geographic locations of the properties securing the loans, the
extent of the mortgagors’ equity in such properties, and changes in the
mortgagors’ housing needs, job transfers and employment status.
The
timing of changes in the rate of prepayments may significantly affect the actual
yield to investors who purchase the Offered Notes at prices other than par,
even
if the average rate of principal prepayments is consistent with the expectations
of investors. In general, the earlier the payment of principal of the HELOCs
the
greater the effect on an investor’s yield to maturity. As a result, the effect
on an investor’s yield of principal prepayments occurring at a rate higher or
lower than the rate anticipated by the investor during the period immediately
following the issuance of the Offered Notes may not be offset by a subsequent
like reduction or increase in the rate of principal prepayments.
The
weighted average life and yield to maturity of each class of the Offered Notes
will also be influenced by the amount of excess cashflow generated by the HELOCs
and applied in reduction of the Note Principal Balance of the Notes. The level
of excess cashflow available on any payment date to be applied in reduction
of
the Note Principal Balances of the Class A Notes will be influenced by, among
other factors,
· |
the
overcollateralization level of the assets in the mortgage pool at
such
time, i.e., the extent to which interest on the HELOCs is accruing
on a
higher Stated Principal Balance than the Note Principal Balance of
the
Notes;
|
· |
the
delinquency and default experience of the HELOCs;
and
|
· |
the
provisions of the Trust Agreement that permit principal collections
to be
distributed to the Class E Certificates and the Residual Certificates
in
each case as provided in the Trust Agreement when required
overcollateralization levels have been
met.
|
To
the
extent that greater amounts of excess cashflow are distributed in reduction
of
the Note Principal Balance of the Class A Notes, the weighted average life
thereof can be expected to shorten. No assurance, however, can be given as
to
the amount of excess cashflow to be distributed at any time or in the
aggregate.
We
refer you to “Description of the Notes — Payments on the Notes” in this
prospectus supplement.
The
yields to maturity of the Offered Notes will be sensitive to the rate, timing
and severity of the Charge-Off Amounts on the HELOCs. If a Charge-Off Amount
is
allocated to a class of Notes, that class will thereafter accrue interest on
a
reduced Note Principal Balance.
Yield
Sensitivity
of the Class A-IO Notes
If,
at
any time prior to the payment date in August 2008, the aggregate Stated
Principal Balance of the HELOCs as of the first day of the related Accrual
Period is reduced below the then applicable Notional Amount (if calculated
without regard to the Stated Principal Balance of the HELOCs), the yield to
investors in the Class A-IO Notes will become extremely sensitive to the rate
and timing of principal payments on the HELOCs, including prepayments, defaults
and liquidations, which rate may fluctuate significantly over time. Further,
if
the majority holder of the Class E Certificates exercises its option to
terminate the trust with respect to the HELOCs as described under “—Termination;
Retirement of Notes” in this prospectus supplement and such action results in
the retirement of the Notes prior to the payment date in August 2008, then
the
holders of the Class A-IO Notes will receive fewer than the twenty-four
distributions of interest that they would otherwise have been entitled to
receive. Investors in the Class A-IO Notes should fully consider the risk that
an extremely rapid rate of prepayments on the HELOCs could result in the failure
of such investors to fully recover their investments.
Based
upon the structuring assumptions, and further assuming (i) prepayments on the
HELOCs occur at approximately 78.25% CPR, (ii) an aggregate assumed purchase
price, including accrued interest, of $9,426,934.90 and (iii) the majority
holder of the Class E Certificates exercises its option to purchase the HELOCs
on the first possible payment date, the pre-tax yield of the Class A-IO Notes
would be approximately 0%. If the actual prepayment rate on the HELOCs were
to
exceed such rate, then assuming the HELOCs behave in conformity with all other
structuring assumptions, investors in the Class A-IO Notes would not fully
recover their initial investment. Timing of changes in the rate of prepayments
may significantly affect the actual yield to investors, even if the average
rate
of principal payments on the HELOCs is consistent with the expectations of
investors. Investors must make their own decisions as to the appropriate
prepayment assumption to be used in deciding whether to purchase any Class
A-IO
Notes.
The
0%
pre-tax yield described above was calculated by determining the monthly discount
rates which, when applied to the assumed stream of cash flow to be paid on
the
Class A-IO Notes, would cause the discounted present value of such assumed
stream of cash flow to the Closing Date to equal the assumed purchase price,
which includes accrued interest, and converting such monthly rate to a corporate
bond equivalent rate. Such calculations do not take into account the interest
rates at which funds received by holders of the Class A-IO Notes may be
reinvested and consequently does not purport to reflect the return on any
investment in the Class A-IO Notes when such reinvestment rates are
considered.
The
Indenture does not permit the allocation of Charge-Off Amounts to the Class
A-IO
Notes. Investors in the Class A-IO Notes should note that although Charge-Off
Amounts cannot be allocated to the Class A-IO Notes, under certain loss
scenarios there will not be enough interest on the HELOCs to pay the Class
A-IO
Notes all interest amounts to which they are then entitled.
Prepayments
and Defaults
The
rate
and timing of defaults on the HELOCs will affect the rate and timing of
principal payments on the HELOCs and thus the yield on the Offered Notes. There
can be no assurance as to the rate of losses or delinquencies on any of the
HELOCs. However, the rate of such losses and delinquencies are likely to be
higher than those of traditional first-lien mortgage loans, particularly in
the
case of HELOCs with high combined loan-to-value ratios or low junior lien
ratios. See
“Risk Factors” in this prospectus supplement.
To the
extent that any losses are incurred on any of the HELOCs that are not covered
by
excess interest allocable to Noteholders, the Noteholders will bear all risk
of
such losses resulting from default by mortgagors. The effect of losses may
be to
increase prepayment rates on the HELOCs, thus reducing the weighted average
life
and affecting the yield to maturity. In addition, the rate of prepayments of
the
HELOCs and the yield to investors on the Notes may be affected by certain
refinancing programs, which may include general or targeted
solicitations.
It
is
highly unlikely that the HELOCs will prepay at any constant rate until maturity
or that all of the HELOCs will prepay at the same rate. Moreover, the timing
of
prepayments on the HELOCs may significantly affect the actual yield to maturity
on the Offered Notes, even if the average rate of principal payments experienced
over time is consistent with an investor's expectation.
The
rate
of payments (including prepayments) on pools of HELOCs is influenced by a
variety of economic, geographic, social and other factors. Because prevailing
interest rates are subject to fluctuation, there can be no assurance that
investors in the Offered Notes will be able to reinvest the distributions
thereon at yields equaling or exceeding the yields on the Offered Notes. Yields
on any such reinvestment may be lower, and may even be significantly lower,
than
yields on the Offered Notes. If prevailing mortgage rates fall significantly
below the mortgage rates on the HELOCs, the rate of prepayment (and refinancing)
would be expected to increase. Conversely, if prevailing mortgage rates rise
significantly above the mortgage rates on the HELOCs, the rate of prepayment
on
the HELOCs would be expected to decrease. Other factors affecting prepayment
of
HELOCs include changes in mortgagors’ housing needs, job transfers,
unemployment, mortgagors’ net equity in the mortgaged properties, servicing
decisions, seasonal purchasing and payment habits of borrowers. In addition,
the
existence of the applicable maximum mortgage rate and minimum mortgage rate
may
effect the likelihood of prepayments resulting from refinancings. Amounts
received by virtue of liquidations of HELOCs, repurchases of HELOCs upon breach
of representations or warranties and the optional termination of the trust
also
affect the receipt of principal on the HELOCs. In addition, the rates of
prepayments will be affected by the rate and timing of the sale of mortgaged
properties. There can be no certainty as to the rate of prepayments on the
HELOCs during any period or over the life of the Offered Notes. See
“Yield Considerations” and “Maturity and Prepayment Considerations” in the
accompanying prospectus.
Although
all of the mortgage rates on the HELOCs are subject to adjustment, the mortgage
rates on the HELOCs adjust based on the Prime Rate, while the Class A Notes
adjust based on One-Month LIBOR. Changes in One-Month LIBOR may not correlate
with changes in the Prime Rate and may not correlate with prevailing interest
rates. It is possible that an increased level of the Prime Rate could occur
simultaneously with a lower level of prevailing interest rates, which would
be
expected to result in faster prepayments, thereby reducing the weighted average
life of the Class A Notes. Any Net WAC Cap Rate Carryover Amount allocated
to
the Class A Notes will only be payable from excess interest on the HELOCs to
the
extent available for that purpose in current and future periods. Any Net WAC
Cap
Rate Carryover Amount may remain unpaid on the final payment date for the Class
A Notes.
There
can
be no assurance as to the rate of principal payments and Draws on the HELOCs.
The rate of principal payments and the rate of Draws may fluctuate substantially
from time to time.
Generally,
HELOCs are not viewed by mortgagors as permanent financing. Due to the
unpredictable nature of both principal payments and Draws, the rates of
principal payments net of Draws on the HELOCs may be much more volatile than
for
typical first-lien mortgage loans. See
“Risk Factors” in this prospectus supplement.
Weighted
Average Life
Weighted
average life refers to the average amount of time that will elapse from the
date
of issuance of a security to the date of distribution to the Noteholder of
each
dollar distributed in reduction of principal of such security (assuming no
losses). The weighted average life of the Offered Notes will be influenced
by,
among other things, the rate of principal payments and draws on the
HELOCs.
The
prepayment model used in this prospectus supplement for the HELOCs is a Constant
Prepayment Rate (“CPR”). No representation is made that the HELOCs will prepay
at that or any other rate. In addition, the model assumes that the amount of
additional balances on the HELOCs drawn each month is drawn at a specified
annual rate, referred to as the Constant Draw Rate in this prospectus
supplement. This rate is converted to a constant monthly rate. To assume a
10%
Constant Draw Rate is to assume the stated percentage of the outstanding
principal balance of the pool is drawn on over the course of the year. No
representation is made that draws will be made on the HELOCs at that or any
other rate.
The
table
set forth below is based on the CPR and optional redemption assumptions as
indicated in the table below. For the following table, it was assumed that
the
HELOCs have been aggregated into eleven pools with the following
characteristics:
Loan
Number
|
Current
Balance
($)
|
Gross
Rate
(%)
|
Aggregate
Fees (%)
|
Maximum
Credit
Limit
($)
|
Original
Term to
Maturity
(in
months)
|
Remaining
Term
to
Maturity
(in
months)
|
1
|
19,014.02
|
12.251
|
0.520
|
19,260.00
|
120
|
90
|
2
|
320,816.34
|
11.267
|
0.520
|
381,850.00
|
180
|
167
|
3
|
2,744,210.94
|
11.312
|
0.520
|
2,787,675.00
|
180
|
176
|
4
|
1,630,812.80
|
11.256
|
0.520
|
1,808,853.00
|
180
|
177
|
5
|
448,563.14
|
10.009
|
0.520
|
637,000.00
|
180
|
168
|
6
|
1,012,375.57
|
9.733
|
0.520
|
1,273,601.00
|
240
|
236
|
7
|
15,389,523.82
|
8.717
|
0.520
|
20,744,214.00
|
240
|
229
|
8
|
6,567,858.68
|
9.047
|
0.520
|
7,065,495.00
|
240
|
230
|
9
|
196,148,454.19
|
9.948
|
0.520
|
216,083,727.50
|
300
|
294
|
10
|
20,209,384.00
|
12.787
|
0.520
|
20,478,038.00
|
300
|
297
|
11
|
8,328,407.68
|
12.643
|
0.520
|
8,393,550.00
|
300
|
293
|
12
|
70,180,553.25
|
10.765
|
0.520
|
73,169,590.00
|
300
|
296
|
13
|
160,000.00
|
12.751
|
0.520
|
160,000.00
|
300
|
295
|
14
|
16,050,115.92
|
11.837
|
0.520
|
16,340,702.00
|
300
|
296
|
15
|
13,194,678.59
|
12.781
|
0.520
|
13,517,704.00
|
300
|
297
|
16
|
8,795,644.35
|
8.619
|
0.520
|
10,257,823.00
|
360
|
355
|
Loan
Number
|
Remaining
Draw
Period
(in
months)
|
Gross
Margin (%)
|
Minimum
Rate (%)
|
Maximum
Rate (%)
|
Months
between
Rate
Adjustment
|
Months
to Next
Rate
Adjustment
|
Index
|
1
|
89
|
4.001
|
4.001
|
18.001
|
1
|
1
|
PRIME
|
2
|
107
|
3.040
|
3.040
|
18.001
|
1
|
1
|
PRIME
|
3
|
56
|
3.062
|
3.062
|
18.001
|
1
|
1
|
PRIME
|
4
|
57
|
3.092
|
3.092
|
18.001
|
1
|
1
|
PRIME
|
5
|
167
|
2.016
|
3.258
|
19.065
|
1
|
1
|
PRIME
|
6
|
116
|
1.861
|
2.740
|
19.961
|
1
|
1
|
PRIME
|
7
|
109
|
0.612
|
3.781
|
25.001
|
1
|
1
|
PRIME
|
8
|
110
|
0.849
|
3.521
|
24.405
|
1
|
1
|
PRIME
|
9
|
114
|
2.293
|
2.377
|
17.994
|
1
|
1
|
PRIME
|
10
|
177
|
5.280
|
5.306
|
18.001
|
1
|
1
|
PRIME
|
11
|
113
|
4.322
|
4.388
|
18.001
|
1
|
1
|
PRIME
|
12
|
116
|
3.038
|
3.054
|
17.998
|
1
|
1
|
PRIME
|
13
|
175
|
4.501
|
4.501
|
18.001
|
1
|
1
|
PRIME
|
14
|
116
|
3.746
|
3.761
|
18.001
|
1
|
1
|
PRIME
|
15
|
177
|
5.506
|
5.513
|
18.001
|
1
|
1
|
PRIME
|
16
|
115
|
1.371
|
1.394
|
18.001
|
1
|
1
|
PRIME
|
In
addition, in creating the tables below the following assumptions were
made:
· |
payments
are made in accordance with the description set forth under “Description
of the Notes,”
|
· |
payments
on the Notes will be made on the 25th day of each calendar month
regardless of the day on which the payment date actually occurs,
commencing in September 2006,
|
· |
no
extension past the scheduled maturity date of a HELOC is
made,
|
· |
no
delinquencies or defaults occur,
|
· |
the
HELOCs pay on the basis of a 30-day month and a 360-day
year,
|
· |
no
Rapid Amortization Event occurs,
|
· |
the
Closing Date is September 15, 2006,
|
· |
the
prime rate index with respect to the HELOCs remains constant at 8.250%,
and One-Month LIBOR remains constant at
5.330%,
|
· |
the
Policy premium rate is as described in the
Policy;
|
· |
there
are no initial or subsequent periodic rate caps;
|
· |
the
Constant Draw Rate is 10%; and
|
· |
the
balance of the Class S Certificates is equal to
zero.
|
The
actual characteristics and performance of the HELOCs will differ from the
assumptions used in constructing the tables set forth below, which are
hypothetical in nature and are provided only to give a general sense of how
the
principal cash flows might behave under varying prepayment scenarios. For
example, it is very unlikely that all of the HELOCs will prepay and that the
HELOCs will experience Draws at a constant rate until maturity or that all
of
the HELOCs will prepay or that the HELOCs will experience Draws at the same
rate. Moreover, the diverse remaining terms to stated maturity and current
loan
rates of the HELOCs could produce slower or faster principal distributions
than
indicated in the tables at the various assumptions specified, even if the
weighted average remaining terms to stated maturity and current loan rates
of
the HELOCs are as assumed. Any difference between such assumptions and the
actual characteristics and performance of the HELOCs, or actual prepayment
experience, will affect the percentages of initial stated principal balance
outstanding over time and the weighted average life of the Offered
Notes.
Subject
to the foregoing discussion and assumptions, the following table indicates
the
weighted average lives of the Offered Notes and sets forth the percentages
of
the initial stated principal balances of the Offered Notes that would be
outstanding after each of the payment dates shown at various percentages of
the
CPR and Constant Draw Rates.
Percent
of the Initial Class Note Principal Balance
at
the Respective Percentages of CPR
|
Class
A Notes
|
Payment
Date
|
20%
|
30%
|
40%
|
50%
|
60%
|
Initial
Percentage
|
100
|
100
|
100
|
100
|
100
|
August
25, 2007
|
87
|
76
|
65
|
53
|
42
|
August
25, 2008
|
77
|
58
|
42
|
28
|
17
|
August
25, 2009
|
68
|
45
|
28
|
17
|
9
|
August
25, 2010
|
60
|
35
|
19
|
9
|
4
|
August
25, 2011
|
53
|
27
|
13
|
5
|
1
|
August
25, 2012
|
47
|
21
|
9
|
3
|
*
|
August
25, 2013
|
42
|
17
|
6
|
1
|
0
|
August
25, 2014
|
37
|
13
|
4
|
*
|
0
|
August
25, 2015
|
33
|
10
|
2
|
*
|
0
|
August
25, 2016
|
28
|
7
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
August
25, 2017
|
22
|
5
|
*
|
0
|
0
|
August
25, 2018
|
17
|
3
|
*
|
0
|
0
|
August
25, 2019
|
13
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
August
25, 2020
|
10
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
August
25, 2021
|
8
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
August
25, 2022
|
6
|
*
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
August
25, 2023
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
August
25, 2024
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
August
25, 2025
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
August
25, 2026
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
August
25, 2027
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
August
25, 2028
|
*
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
August
25, 2029
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Weighted
Average Life (in years)(1)
|
6.67
|
3.68
|
2.33
|
1.60
|
1.14
|
Weighted
Average Life (in years)(1)(2)
|
6.39
|
3.45
|
2.14
|
1.46
|
1.04
|
______________
*
Indicates
a number that is greater than zero but less than 0.5%.
(1)
The
weighted average life of the Offered Notes is determined by (i) multiplying
the
amount of each principal payment by the number of years from the date of
issuance to the related payment date, (ii) adding the results, and (iii)
dividing the sum by the initial respective Note Principal Balance for such
class
of Offered Notes.
(2)
To
the
first possible optional termination date.
Additional
Information
The
depositor intends to file certain additional yield tables and other
computational materials with respect to the Notes with the Securities and
Exchange Commission in a report on Form 8-K. Such tables and materials were
prepared by the underwriter at the request of certain prospective investors,
based on assumptions provided by, and satisfying the special requirements of,
such prospective investors. Such tables and assumptions may be based on
assumptions that differ from the modeling assumptions. Accordingly, such tables
and other materials may not be relevant to or appropriate for investors other
than those specifically requesting them.
USE
OF PROCEEDS
The
depositor will apply the net proceeds of the sale of the Offered Notes against
the purchase price of the HELOCs.
FEDERAL
INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
One
or
more elections will be made to treat designated portions of the trust (exclusive
of the reserve fund) as one or more real estate mortgage investment conduits
(each, a “REMIC”) for federal income tax purposes. Upon the issuance of the
Offered Notes, Thacher Proffitt & Wood llp,
counsel
to the depositor, will deliver its opinion generally to the effect that,
assuming compliance with all provisions of the Indenture, for federal income
tax
purposes, each REMIC elected by the trust will qualify as a REMIC under Sections
860A through 860G of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the
“Code”).
For
federal income tax purposes, (i) the Residual Certificates will each represent
the sole class of “residual interests” in the related REMIC elected by the trust
and (ii) the Notes (exclusive of any right of the holder of any Notes to receive
payments in respect of Net WAC Cap Rate Carryover Amounts) and the Class E
Certificates will represent the “regular interests” in, and be treated as debt
instruments of, a REMIC. See “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations” in the
prospectus.
For
federal income tax purposes, a beneficial owner of a Note will be treated as
owning both an undivided interest in a REMIC regular interest and the right
to
receive payments in respect
of Net
WAC Cap Rate Carryover Amounts. The
treatment of amounts received by a holder of a Note under such holder’s right to
receive payments in respect of Net WAC Cap Rate Carryover Amounts will depend
on
the portion, if any, of such holder’s purchase price allocable thereto. Under
the REMIC regulations, each holder of a Note must allocate its purchase price
for the Note between its undivided interest in the related REMIC regular
interest and its undivided interest in the right to receive payments in respect
of Net WAC Cap Rate Carryover Amounts in accordance with the relative fair
market values of each property right. The trust intends to treat payments made
to the holders of the Notes in respect of Net WAC Cap Rate Carryover Amounts
as
includible in income based on Treasury regulations relating to notional
principal contracts (the “Notional Principal Contract Regulations”). The
original issue discount (“OID”) regulations provide that the trust’s allocation
of the issue price is binding on all holders unless the holder explicitly
discloses on its tax return that its allocation is different from the trust’s
allocation. For tax reporting purposes, the right to receive payments in respect
of Net WAC Cap Rate Carryover Amounts may have more than a
de
minimis
value.
Under the REMIC regulations, the trust is required to account for the REMIC
regular interest and the right to receive payments in respect of Net WAC Cap
Rate Carryover Amounts as discrete property rights. It
is
possible that the right to receive payments in
respect of Net WAC Cap Rate Carryover Amounts
could be
treated as a partnership among the holders of the Notes
and the
Class E Certificates, in which case holders of such Notes potentially would
be
subject to different timing of income and foreign holders of such Notes could
be
subject to withholding in respect of payments in
respect of Net WAC Cap Rate Carryover Amounts.
Holders
of the Notes are advised to consult their own tax advisors regarding the
allocation of issue price, timing, character and source of income and deductions
resulting from the ownership of such Notes. Treasury regulations have been
promulgated under Section 1275 of the Code generally providing for the
integration of a “qualifying debt instrument” with a hedge if the combined cash
flows of the components are substantially equivalent to the cash flows on a
variable rate debt instrument. However, such regulations specifically disallow
integration of debt instruments subject to Section 1272(a)(6) of the Code.
Therefore, holders of the Notes will be unable to use the integration method
provided for under such regulations with respect to those Notes. If the trust’s
treatment of payments
of
Net
WAC Cap Rate Carryover Amounts is respected, ownership of the right to
receive
payments in
respect of Net WAC Cap Rate Carryover Amounts will entitle the owner to amortize
the separate price paid for such right under the Notional Principal Contract
Regulations.
Upon
the
sale of a Note, the amount of the sale allocated to the selling holder’s right
to receive payments in respect of Net WAC Cap Rate Carryover Amounts would
be
considered a “termination payment” under the Notional Principal Contract
Regulations allocable to the related Note. A holder of a Note will have gain
or
loss from such a termination of the right to receive payments in respect of
Net
WAC Cap Rate Carryover Amounts equal to (i) any termination payment it received
or is deemed to have received minus (ii) the unamortized portion of any amount
paid (or deemed paid) by the holder upon entering into or acquiring its interest
in the right to receive payments in respect of Net WAC Cap Rate Carryover
Amounts. Gain or loss realized upon the termination of the right to receive
payments in respect of Net WAC Cap Rate Carryover Amounts will generally be
treated as capital gain or loss. Moreover, in the case of a bank or thrift
institution, Section 582(c) of the Code would likely not apply to treat such
gain or loss as ordinary.
For
federal income tax reporting purposes, it is expected that the Class
A-IO Notes will, and the Class A Notes will not, be treated as having
been issued with OID. The prepayment assumption that will be used in determining
the rate of accrual of OID, premium and market discount, if any, for federal
income tax purposes will be based on the assumption that subsequent to the
date
of any determination the HELOCs will prepay at the applicable CPR. No
representation is made that the HELOCs will prepay at such rate or at any other
rate. See “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations—Taxation of Debt
Securities” in the prospectus.
If
the
method of computing OID described in the prospectus results in a negative amount
for any period with respect to any holders of Notes, the amount of OID allocable
to such period would be zero, and such holders will be permitted to offset
such
amounts only against future OID (if any) from such Notes. Although uncertain,
a
holder may be permitted to deduct a loss to the extent that his or her
respective remaining basis in any such Note exceeds the maximum amount of future
payments to which such holder is entitled, assuming no further prepayments
of
the HELOCs. Although the matter is not free from doubt, any such loss might
be
treated as a capital loss.
The
OID
regulations in some circumstances permit the holder of a debt instrument to
recognize original issue discount under a method that differs from that of
the
trust. Accordingly, it is possible that holders of Notes issued with OID may
be
able to select a method for recognizing OID that differs from that used in
preparing reports to holders and the Internal Revenue Service. Prospective
purchasers of Notes issued with OID are advised to consult their tax advisors
concerning the tax treatment of such Notes in this regard.
Certain
of the Notes may be treated for federal income tax purposes as having been
issued at a premium. Whether any holder of a Note will be treated as holding
such Note with amortizable bond premium will depend on such Noteholder’s
purchase price and the payments remaining to be made on such Note at the time
of
its acquisition by such Noteholder. Holders of such Notes should consult their
own tax advisors regarding the possibility of making an election to amortize
such premium. See “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations—Taxation
of Debt Securities”
in
the
prospectus.
With
respect to the Notes, this paragraph is relevant to such Notes exclusive of
the
rights of the holders of the Notes to receive payments in respect of Net WAC
Cap
Rate Carryover Amounts. The Notes will be treated as assets described in Section
7701(a)(19)(C) of the Code and “real estate assets” under Section 856(c)(4)(A)
of the Code, generally in the same proportion that the assets in the trust
would
be so treated. In addition, interest on the Notes will be treated as “interest
on obligations secured by mortgages on real property” under Section 856(c)(3)(B)
of the Code, generally to the extent that the Notes are treated as “real estate
assets” under Section 856(c)(4)(A) of the Code. The Notes will also be treated
as “qualified mortgages” under Section 860G(a)(3) of the Code. However,
the right of each Note
to
receive payments in respect of Net WAC Cap Rate Carryover Amounts will not
qualify as an asset described in Section 7701(a)(19)(C) of the Code, as a real
estate asset under Section 856(c)(5)(B) of the Code or as a “qualified mortgage”
within the meaning of Section 860G(a)(3) of the Code. As a result, the
Notes
may
not
be a suitable investment for a REMIC, a real estate investment trust or an
entity intending to qualify under Section 7701(a)(19)(C) of the
Code.
It
is not
anticipated that any REMIC elected by the trust will engage in any transactions
that would subject it to the prohibited transactions tax as defined in Section
860F(a)(2) of the Code, the contributions tax as defined in Section 860G(d)
of
the Code or the tax on net income from foreclosure property as defined in
Section 860G(c) of the Code. However, in the event that any such tax is imposed
on any REMIC elected under the Indenture, such tax will be borne (i) by the
securities administrator or any other party, if the securities administrator
or
such other party has breached its obligations with respect to REMIC compliance
under the Indenture and (ii) otherwise by the trust, with a resulting reduction
in amounts otherwise payable to the holders of the Notes.
The
responsibility for filing annual federal information returns and other reports
will be borne by the securities administrator.
For
further information regarding the federal income tax consequences of investing
in the Notes, see “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations” in the
prospectus.
STATE
AND OTHER TAXES
None
of
the depositor, the master servicer, the securities administrator or the
indenture trustee makes any representations
regarding the tax consequences of purchase, ownership or disposition of the
Notes under the tax laws of any state or other jurisdiction. Investors
considering an investment in the Notes should consult their own tax advisors
regarding such tax consequences.
All
investors should consult their own tax advisors regarding the state, local
or
foreign income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition
of
the Notes.
ERISA
CONSIDERATIONS
Sections
404 and 406 of ERISA impose certain fiduciary and prohibited transaction
restrictions on employee pension and welfare benefit plans subject to Title
I of
ERISA (“ERISA Plans”) and on certain other retirement plans and arrangements,
including individual retirement accounts and annuities, Keogh plans and bank
collective investment funds and insurance company general and separate accounts,
in which such ERISA Plans are invested. Section 4975 of the Code imposes
essentially the same prohibited transaction restrictions on tax-qualified
retirement plans described in Section 401(a) of the Code, individual retirement
accounts described in Section 408 of the Code, Archer MSAs described in Section
220(d) of the Code and education individual retirement accounts described in
Section 530 of the Code and certain other entities (referred to in this
prospectus supplement as Tax Favored Plans). ERISA and the Code prohibit a
broad
range of transactions involving assets of ERISA Plans and Tax Favored Plans
(collectively referred to in this prospectus supplement as Plans) and persons
who have certain specified relationships to such Plans (so-called “Parties in
Interest” within the meaning of ERISA or “Disqualified Persons” within the
meaning of Code), unless a statutory or administrative exemption is available
with respect to any such transaction.
Certain
employee benefit plans, such as governmental plans (as defined in ERISA Section
3(32)), plans maintained outside the United States primarily for the benefit
of
persons substantially all of whom are non-resident aliens as described in
Section 4(b)(4) of ERISA and, if no election has been made under Section 410(d)
of the Code, church plans (as defined in Section 3(33) of ERISA) are not subject
to ERISA requirements. Accordingly, assets of such plans may be invested in
the
offered notes without regard to the ERISA considerations described below,
subject to the provisions of other applicable federal and state law. Any such
plan which is qualified and exempt from taxation under Sections 401(a) and
501(a) of the Code, however, is subject to the prohibited transaction rules
set
forth in Section 503 of the Code.
Certain
transactions involving the issuing entity might be deemed to constitute
prohibited transactions under ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code with respect
to
a Plan that purchases an offered note, if the assets of the issuing entity
are
deemed to be assets of the Plan (“Plan Assets”). Under the DOL Regulations,
generally, when a Plan makes an investment in an equity interest in another
entity (such as the issuing entity), the underlying assets of that entity may
be
considered Plan Assets unless certain exceptions apply. Exceptions contained
in
the DOL Regulations provide that a Plan’s assets will include both an equity
interest and an undivided interest in each asset of an entity in which it makes
an equity investment, unless certain exemptions apply as described in the
prospectus, which exemptions are not expected to apply to the offered notes.
Under the DOL Regulations, the term “equity interest” means any interest in an
entity other than an instrument that is treated as indebtedness under applicable
local law and which has no substantial equity features.
Although
it is not free from doubt, the issuing entity anticipates that, as of the date
hereof, the Class A Notes should be treated as indebtedness without significant
equity features for the purposes of the DOL Regulations as of the date
hereof.
ERISA
generally imposes on Plan fiduciaries certain general fiduciary requirements,
including those of investment prudence and diversification and the requirement
that a Plan’s investments be made in accordance with the documents governing the
Plan. Any person who exercises any authority or control with respect to the
management or disposition of the assets of a Plan and any person who provides
investment advice with respect to such assets for a fee is a fiduciary of such
Plan. As a result of the DOL Regulations, a Plan’s investment in the Offered
Notes may cause the HELOCs and other assets of the trust estate to be deemed
Plan Assets. If this is the case, any party exercising management or
discretionary control with respect to such assets may be deemed a Plan fiduciary
and will therefore be subject to the fiduciary requirements and prohibited
transaction provisions of ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code with respect
thereto. The issuing entity, the depositor, the underwriter, the indenture
trustee, the
Note
Insurer,
any
other provider of credit support, a holder of the Notes or any of their
affiliates may be considered to be or may become Parties in Interest (or
Disqualified Persons) with respect to certain Plans. Therefore, the acquisition
or holding of the Offered Notes by or on behalf of a Plan could be considered
to
give rise to a prohibited transaction within the meaning of ERISA and the Code
unless one or more statutory or administrative exemptions is
available.
Because
the issuing entity, the depositor, the underwriter, the indenture trustee,
the
Note Insurer, any other provider of credit support, a holder of the Notes or
any
of their affiliates may receive certain benefits in connection with the sale
of
the Offered Notes, the purchase of Offered Notes using Plan Assets over which
any of such parties has investment authority might be deemed to be a violation
of the prohibited transaction rules of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code for
which no exemption may be available. Whether or not the HELOCs and other assets
of the trust estate were deemed to include Plan Assets, prior to making an
investment in the Offered Notes, prospective Plan investors should determine
whether the issuing entity, the depositor, the underwriter, the indenture
trustee, the Note Insurer, any other provider of credit support, a holder of
the
Notes or any of their affiliates is a Party in Interest (or Disqualified Person)
with respect to such Plan and, if so, whether such transaction is subject to
one
or more statutory or administrative exemptions. The DOL has granted certain
class exemptions which provide relief from certain of the prohibited transaction
provisions of ERISA and the related excise tax provisions of the Code and which
are described in the prospectus. There can be no assurance that any DOL
exemption will apply with respect to any particular Plan investment in the
Offered Notes or, even if all of the conditions specified therein were
satisfied, that any exemption would apply to all prohibited transactions that
may occur in connection with such investment.
In
addition to any exemption that may be available under PTCE 95-60 for the
purchase and holding of the Offered Notes by an insurance company general
account, Section 401(c) of ERISA provides certain exemptive relief from the
provisions of Part 4 of Title I of ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code, including
the prohibited transaction restrictions imposed by ERISA and the related excise
taxes imposed by the Code, for certain transactions involving an insurance
company general account.
As
mentioned above, although it is not free from doubt, the issuing entity
anticipates that the Class A Notes should be treated as indebtedness without
substantial equity features for the purposes of the DOL Regulations as of the
date hereof. In addition, although it is not free from doubt, the issuing entity
believes that, so long as the Class A Notes retain a rating of at least
investment grade, the Class A Notes should continue to be treated as
indebtedness without substantial equity features for purposes of the DOL
Regulations. There is, however, increased uncertainty regarding the
characterization of debt instruments that do not carry an investment grade
rating. Consequently, a subsequent transferee of the Class A Notes or any
interest therein who is a Plan trustee or one who is acting on behalf of a
Plan,
or using Plan Assets to effect such transfer, is required to provide written
confirmation (or in the case of any Class A Note transferred in book-entry
form,
will be deemed to have confirmed) that at the time of such transfer (i) the
Class A Notes are rated at least investment grade, (ii) such transferee believes
that the Class A Notes are properly treated as indebtedness without substantial
equity features for purposes of the DOL Regulations, and agrees to so treat
the
Class A Notes and (iii) the acquisition and holding of the Class A Note will
not
give rise to a nonexempt prohibited transaction under Section 406 of ERISA
or
Section 4975 of the Code. Alternatively, regardless of the rating of the Class
A
Notes, a prospective transferee of the Class A Notes or any interest therein
who
is a Plan trustee or is acting on behalf of a Plan, or using Plan Assets to
effect such transfer, may provide the securities administrator an opinion of
counsel satisfactory to the securities administrator and for the benefit of
the
indenture trustee, the issuing entity, the Note Insurer and the depositor,
which
opinion will not be at the expense of the trust, the issuing entity, the
depositor, the Note Insurer, the indenture trustee or the securities
administrator, that the purchase, holding and transfer of the Class A Notes
or
interests therein is permissible under ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, will
not constitute or result in any non-exempt prohibited transaction under ERISA
or
Section 4975 of the Code and will not subject the trust, the issuing entity,
the
indenture trustee, the depositor, the Note Insurer or the securities
administrator, to any obligation in addition to those undertaken in the Sale
and
Servicing Agreement, the Trust Agreement and the Indenture. The Class A-IO
Notes
may not be purchased by a Plan or any person purchasing on behalf of a Plan
or
with Plan Assets.
The
recently enacted Pension Protection Act of 2006 modified the ERISA rules
relating to prohibited transactions and Plan Assets. Any prospective Plan
investor considering whether to invest in the Offered Notes should consult
with
its counsel regarding the applicability of the fiduciary responsibility and
prohibited transaction provisions of ERISA and the Code to such investment.
In
addition, any Plan fiduciary should consider its general fiduciary obligations
under ERISA in determining whether to purchase Offered Notes on behalf of a
Plan.
The
sale
of any of the Offered Notes to a Plan is in no respect a representation by
the
depositor or the underwriter that such an investment meets all relevant legal
requirements with respect to investments by Plans generally or any particular
Plan, or that such an investment is appropriate for Plans generally or any
particular Plan.
METHOD
OF DISTRIBUTION
Subject
to the terms and conditions set forth in the underwriting agreement between
the
depositor and Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc., as the underwriter, the depositor
has agreed to sell the Offered Notes to the underwriter, and the underwriter
has
agreed to purchase the Offered Notes from the depositor. Distribution of the
Offered Notes will be made by the underwriter from time to time in negotiated
transactions or otherwise at varying prices to be determined at the time of
sale. In connection with the sale of the Offered Notes, the underwriter may
be
deemed to have received compensation from the depositor in the form of
underwriting discounts. It is expected that the proceeds to the depositor from
the sale of the Offered Notes will be approximately $355,963,000 before
deducting issuance expenses payable by the depositor, estimated to be
$800,000.
The
depositor has been advised by the underwriter that it intends to make a market
in the Offered Notes, but the underwriter has no obligation to do so. There
can
be no assurance that a secondary market for the Offered Notes, or any particular
class thereof, will develop or, if it does develop, that it will continue or
that such market will provide sufficient liquidity to Noteholders.
The
depositor has agreed to indemnify the underwriter against, or make contributions
to the underwriter with respect to, certain liabilities, including liabilities
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
LEGAL
MATTERS
The
validity of the Notes, including certain federal income tax consequences with
respect hereto, will be passed upon for the depositor by Thacher Proffitt &
Wood LLP,
New
York, New York. Thacher Proffitt & Wood LLP, New York, New York, will also
pass upon certain legal matters on behalf of the sponsor and Bear, Stearns
&
Co. Inc.
LEGAL
PROCEEDINGS
There
are
no material legal proceedings pending against the depositor, the securities
administrator, the indenture trustee, the master servicer, the servicers, the
issuing entity or the custodian or with respect to which the property of any
of
the foregoing transaction parties is subject, that are material to the
noteholders. No legal proceedings against any of the foregoing transaction
parties is known to be contemplated by governmental authorities, that are
material to the noteholders. We refer you to “The
Sponsor”
for
a
description of the legal proceedings against the sponsor.
AFFILIATIONS,
RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
The
sponsor, EMC as servicer, the issuing entity, Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. and
the depositor are affiliated parties. There are no affiliations among EMC,
the
depositor or the issuing entity and any of the indenture trustee, the master
servicer, the securities administrator, the owner trustee, the Note Insurer,
any
10% originator or the custodian. The master servicer and EMC are parties to
certain custodial agreements whereby the master servicer, for consideration,
provides custodial services to EMC for certain residential mortgage loans
originated or purchased by it.
Pursuant
to these custodial agreements, the master servicer is currently providing
custodial services for all of the HELOCs to be sold by EMC to the depositor
in
connection with this securitization. The terms of the custodial agreements
are
customary for the residential mortgage-backed securitization industry providing
for the delivery, receipt, review and safekeeping of mortgage loan
files.
There
are
currently no business relationships, agreements, arrangements, transactions
or
understandings between (a) the sponsor, the depositor or the issuing entity
and
(b) any of the parties referred to in the first paragraph, or any of their
respective affiliates, that were entered into outside the normal course of
business or that contain terms other than would be obtained in an arm’s length
transaction with an unrelated third party and that are material to the
investor's understanding of the notes, or that relate to the notes or the pooled
assets. No such business relationship, agreement, arrangement, transaction
or
understanding has existed during the past two years, except as described
below.
With
respect to the HELOCs originated by American Home Mortgage Corp. and
Southstar Funding, LLC, Bear Stearns Mortgage Capital Corporation or EMC
Residential Mortgage Corporation has provided funding pursuant to a warehouse
agreement or master repurchase agreement during the period between origination
and securitization. The terms of this financing arrangement provide for interest
payments at a floating market rate, and a maximum term of not more than 180
days. This offering is being made pursuant to Rule 2710(h) of the Corporate
Financing Rules of the National Association of Securities Dealers,
Inc.
EXPERTS
The
consolidated financial statements of Ambac Assurance Corporation and
subsidiaries as of December 31, 2005 and 2004, and for each of the years in
the
three-year period ended December 31, 2005, are incorporated by reference in
this
prospectus supplement and in the registration statement in reliance upon the
report of KPMG LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, incorporated
by reference in this prospectus supplement, and in the registration statement
upon the authority of that firm as experts in accounting and auditing. The
report of KPMG LLP refers to changes, in 2003, in Ambac Assurance Corporation’s
methods of accounting for variable interest entities and stock-based
compensation.
RATINGS
It
is a
condition of the issuance of the Offered Notes that each class of Offered Notes
be assigned at least the ratings designated below by Standard & Poor’s and
Moody’s.
|
Ratings
|
Class
|
Standard
& Poor’s
|
Moody’s
|
A
|
AAA
|
Aaa
|
A-IO
|
AAA
|
Aaa
|
The
security ratings assigned to the Offered Notes should be evaluated independently
from similar ratings on other types of securities. A security rating is not
a
recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities and may be subject to revision
or
withdrawal at any time by the respective rating agency. The ratings on the
Offered Notes do not, however, constitute statements regarding the likelihood
or
frequency of prepayments on the mortgage loans or the anticipated yields in
light of prepayments.
In
addition, the ratings by Standard
& Poor’s and Moody’s
do not
address the likelihood of the receipt of any amounts in respect of Net WAC
Cap
Rate Carryover Amounts or any interest shortfalls resulting from the application
of the Relief Act.
The
ratings assigned to the Class A Notes will depend primarily upon the
creditworthiness of the Note Insurer. Any reduction in a rating assigned to
the
financial strength of the Note Insurer below the ratings initially assigned
to
the Class A Notes may result in a reduction of one or more of the ratings
assigned to the Class A Notes. Any downward revision or withdrawal of any of
the
ratings assigned to the Class A Notes may have an adverse effect on the market
price of the Class A Notes. The Note Insurer does not guaranty the market price
of the Class A Notes nor does it guaranty that the ratings on the Class A Notes
will not be revised or withdrawn.
The
depositor has not requested ratings of the Offered Notes by any rating agency
other than Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s. However, there can be no assurance
as to whether any other rating agency will rate the Offered Notes or, if it
does, what ratings would be assigned by such other rating agency. The ratings
assigned by such other rating agency to the Offered Notes could be lower than
the respective ratings assigned by the rating agencies.
The
rating agencies have stated that it is their standard policy to monitor ratings
on publicly offered securities for which a rating has been provided, as to
each
rating agency rating each class of offered notes in accordance with the rating
agencies’ particular surveillance policies, unless the issuing entity requests a
rating without surveillance. A rating agency will monitor the rating it issues
on an ongoing basis and may update the rating after conducting its regular
review of the issuing entity’s creditworthiness or after conducting a review of
the status of the rating upon becoming aware of any information that might
reasonably be expected to result in a change of rating. The depositor has not
requested that any rating agency not monitor their ratings of the offered notes,
and the depositor has not requested that any rating agency use any monitoring
procedures other than their standard monitoring procedures.
LEGAL
INVESTMENT
The
Offered Notes will not constitute “mortgage related securities” for purposes of
the Secondary Mortgage Market Enhancement Act of 1984, as amended, or
SMMEA.
Institutions
whose investment activities are subject to review by certain regulatory
authorities hereafter may be or may become subject to restrictions on investment
in the Offered Notes, and such restrictions may be retroactively imposed. The
Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council, the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, the Board
of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the Office of Thrift Supervision,
or
OTS, and the National Credit Union Administration, or NCUA, have adopted
guidelines, and have proposed policies, regarding the suitability of investments
in various types of derivative mortgage-backed securities, including securities
such as the Offered Notes.
For
example, on April 23, 1998, the Federal Financial Institutions Examination
Council issued a revised supervisory policy statement, referred to as the 1998
Policy Statement, applicable to all depository institutions, setting forth
guidelines for investments in “high-risk mortgage securities.” The 1998 Policy
Statement has been adopted by the Federal Reserve Board, the Office of the
Comptroller of the Currency, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the
NCUA
and the OTS. The 1998 Policy Statement rescinds a 1992 policy statement that
had
required, prior to purchase, a depository institution to determine whether
a
mortgage derivative product that it is considering acquiring is high-risk,
and,
if so, that the proposed acquisition would reduce the institution’s overall
interest rate risk. In addition, the 1998 Policy Statement eliminates former
constraints on investing in certain “high-risk” mortgage derivative products and
substitutes broader guidelines for evaluating and monitoring investment risk.
In
addition, the NCUA has issued regulations governing federal credit union
investments which prohibit investment in certain specified types of securities,
which may include the Notes. The NCUA has indicated that its regulations will
take precedence over the 1998 Policy Statement. Similar policy statements and
regulations have been issued by other regulators having jurisdiction over other
types of depository institutions.
The
OTS
has issued Thrift Bulletin 73a, or TB 73a, entitled “Investing in Complex
Securities”, effective December 18, 2001 which applies to savings associations
regulated by the OTS, and Thrift Bulletin 13a, or TB 13a, entitled “Management
of Interest Rate Risk, Investment Securities, and Derivatives Activities”,
effective December 1, 1998, which is applicable to thrift institutions regulated
by the OTS.
TB
73a
requires savings associations, prior to taking any investment position, to
determine that the investment position meets applicable regulatory and policy
requirements and internal guidelines, is suitable for the institution, and
is
safe and sound. The OTS recommends, with respect to purchases of specific
securities, additional analysis, including, among others, analysis of repayment
terms, legal structure, expected performance of the issuing entity and any
underlying assets as well as analysis of the effects of payment priority, with
respect to a security which is divided into separate tranches with unequal
payments, and collateral investment parameters, with respect to a security
that
is prefunded or involves a revolving period. TB 73a reiterates the OTS’s due
diligence requirements for investing in all securities and warns that if a
savings association makes an investment that does not meet the applicable
regulatory requirements, the savings association’s investment practices will be
subject to criticism, and the OTS may require divestiture of such securities.
The OTS also recommends, with respect to an investment in any “complex
securities,” that savings associations should take into account quality and
suitability, interest rate risk, and classification factors. For the purposes
of
each of TB 73a and TB 13a, “complex security” includes, among other things, any
collateralized mortgage obligation or real estate mortgage investment conduit
security, other than any “plain vanilla” mortgage pass-through security (that
is, securities that are part of a single class of securities in the related
pool
that are non-callable and do not have any special features). Accordingly, all
classes of Offered Notes would likely be viewed as “complex securities.” With
respect to quality and suitability factors, TB 73a warns (i) that a savings
association’s sole reliance on outside ratings for material purchases of complex
securities is an unsafe and unsound practice, (ii) that a savings association
should only use ratings and analyses from nationally recognized rating agencies
in conjunction with, and in validation of, its own underwriting processes,
and
(iii) that it should not use ratings as a substitute for its own thorough
underwriting analyses. With respect the interest rate risk factor, TB 73a
recommends that savings associations should follow the guidance set forth in
TB
13a.
TB
13a
requires thrift institutions, prior to taking any investment position, to (i)
conduct a pre-purchase portfolio sensitivity analysis for any “significant
transaction” involving securities or financial derivatives, and (ii) conduct a
pre-purchase price sensitivity analysis of any “complex security” or financial
derivative. The OTS recommends that while a thrift institution should conduct
its own in-house pre-acquisition analysis, it may rely on an analysis conducted
by an independent third-party as long as management understands the analysis
and
its key assumptions. Further, TB 13a recommends that the use of “complex
securities with high price sensitivity” be limited to transactions and
strategies that lower a thrift institution’s portfolio interest rate risk. TB
13a warns that investment in complex securities by thrift institutions that
do
not have adequate risk measurement, monitoring and control systems may be viewed
by OTS examiners as an unsafe and unsound practice.
There
may
be other restrictions on the ability of some investors either to purchase some
classes of securities or to purchase any class of securities representing more
than a specified percentage of the investors’ assets. The depositor will make no
representations as to the proper characterization of any class of securities
for
legal investment or other purposes, or as to the ability of particular investors
to purchase any class of securities under applicable legal investment
restrictions. These uncertainties may adversely affect the liquidity of any
class of securities. Accordingly, all investors whose investment activities
are
subject to legal investment laws and regulations, regulatory capital
requirements or review by regulatory authorities should consult with their
own
legal advisors in determining whether and to what extent the securities of
any
class constitute legal investments or are subject to investment, capital or
other restrictions.
AVAILABLE
INFORMATION
The
depositor is subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act
and
in accordance therewith files reports and other information with the Commission.
Reports and other information filed by the depositor can be inspected and copied
at the Public Reference Room maintained by the Commission at 100 F Street NE,
Washington, DC 20549, and its Regional Offices located as follows: Chicago
Regional Office, 500 West Madison, 14th Floor, Chicago, Illinois 60661; New
York
Regional Office, 233 Broadway, New York, New York 10279. Copies of the material
can also be obtained from the Public Reference Section of the Commission, 100
F
Street NE, Washington, DC 20549, at prescribed rates and electronically through
the Commission’s Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval system at the
Commission’s Website (http://www.sec.gov). Information about the operation of
the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the Securities and Exchange
Commission at (800) SEC-0330. Exchange Act reports as to any series filed with
the Commission will be filed under the issuing entity’s name. The depositor does
not intend to send any financial reports to Noteholders.
The
issuing entity’s annual reports on Form 10-K (including reports of assessment of
compliance with the AB Servicing Criteria, attestation reports, and statements
of compliance, discussed in “Description of the Notes — Reports to Noteholders”
and “Servicing of the Mortgage Loans — Evidence as to Compliance”, required to
be filed under Regulation AB), periodic distribution reports on Form 10-D,
current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports, together with
such
other reports to note holders or information about the securities as shall
have
been filed with the Commission will be posted on the securities administrator’s
internet web site as soon as reasonably practicable after it has been
electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Commission. The address of
the
website is: www.etrustee.net.
INCORPORATION
OF INFORMATION BY REFERENCE
There
are
incorporated into this prospectus supplement by reference all documents,
including but not limited to the financial statements and reports filed or
caused to be filed or incorporated by reference by the depositor with respect
to
a trust fund pursuant to the requirements of Sections 13(a) or 15(d) of the
Exchange Act, prior to the termination of the offering of the offered securities
of the related series. All documents subsequently filed by the depositor
pursuant to Sections 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act in respect of any
offering prior to the termination of the offering of the offered securities
will
also be deemed incorporated by reference into this prospectus and the related
prospectus supplement.
The
depositor will provide or cause to be provided without charge to each person
to
whom this prospectus is delivered in connection with the offering of one or
more
classes of offered securities, upon written or oral request of the person,
a
copy of any or all the reports incorporated in this prospectus by reference,
in
each case to the extent the reports relate to one or more of such classes of
the
offered securities, other than the exhibits to the documents, unless the
exhibits are specifically incorporated by reference in the documents. Requests
should be directed in writing to Bear Stearns Asset Backed Securities I LLC,
383
Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10179, Attention: Secretary, or by telephone
at (212) 272-2000. The depositor has determined that its financial statements
will not be material to the offering of any offered securities.
INDEX
OF DEFINED TERMS
1998
Policy Statement
|
60
Day Plus Delinquency Percentage
|
AB
Servicing Criteria
|
Accrual
Period
|
Administration
Agreement
|
Ambac
|
Ambac
Financial Group
|
American
Home
|
Available
Principal Payment Amount
|
Basis
Risk Shortfall
|
Certificate
Principal Balance
|
Certificates
|
Charged-Off
HELOC
|
Charge-Off
Amount
|
Class
A Principal Payment Amount
|
Class
M-1 Principal Payment Amount
|
Class
S Floating Allocation Percentage
|
Class
S Principal Payment Amount
|
Clearstream
|
Code
|
Collection
Period
|
Constant
Draw Rate
|
CPR
|
CSSF
|
Cumulative
Charge-Off Percentage
|
Current
Interest
|
Current
Specified Enhancement Percentage
|
Custodial
Agreements
|
Custodian
|
Cut-off
Date
|
Deficiency
Amount
|
Disqualified
Persons
|
Draw
|
Draw
Period
|
DTC
|
Due
for Payment
|
EMC
|
equity
interest
|
ERISA
Plans
|
Euroclear
|
Excess
Overcollateralization Amount
|
Expense
Adjusted Mortgage Rate
|
Expense
Fee Rate
|
Extraordinary
Trust Fund Expenses
|
Extraordinary
Trust Fund Expenses Cap
|
Financial
Intermediary
|
Fiscal
Quarter
|
Floating
Allocation Percentage
|
Formula
Rate
|
GMAC
|
GMACM
|
HELOCs
|
Holder
|
Home
Loan Interest Shortfalls
|
Indenture
|
Insurance
Agreement
|
Insured
Amounts
|
Insured
Payments
|
Interest
Collection Amount
|
Invested
Amount
|
LaSalle
|
Managed
Amortization Period
|
Margin
|
Master
Servicer Collection Account
|
MIT
|
Moody’s
|
NCUA
|
Net
WAC Cap Rate
|
Net
WAC Cap Rate Carryover Amount
|
Nonpayment
|
Note
Insurer
|
Note
Interest Rate
|
Note
Principal Balance
|
Noteholders
|
Notes
|
Notice
|
Notional
Amount
|
Notional
Principal Contract Regulations
|
Offered
Notes
|
OID
|
Optional
Termination Date
|
Order
|
OTS
|
Overcollateralization
Amount
|
Overcollateralization
Floor
|
Overcollateralization
Increase Amount
|
Overcollateralization
Reduction Amount
|
Overcollateralization
Target Amount
|
Parties
in Interest
|
Payment
Account
|
Plan
Assets
|
Policy
|
Preference
Amount
|
Prepayment
Assumption
|
Principal
Collection Amount
|
Rapid
Amortization Event
|
Rapid
Amortization Period
|
Rapid
Amortization Trigger Event
|
Recoveries
|
Reimbursement
Amount
|
Relief
Act
|
Relief
Act Shortfall
|
Relief
Act Shortfalls
|
REMIC
|
REO
|
REO
Property
|
Required
Interest Distributions
|
ResCap
|
Residual
Certificates
|
Rules
|
Sale
and Servicing Agreement
|
Servicing
Agreement
|
Sponsor
Certificate Pro Rata Test
|
Standard
& Poor’s
|
Stated
Principal Balance
|
Stepdown
Date
|
Subsequent
Recoveries
|
Trigger
Event
|
Trust
Agreement
|
Unpaid
Interest Shortfall Amount
|
SCHEDULE
A
Range
of Principal Balances for the HELOCs
Range
of Principal Balances ($)
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
($)
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans (%)
|
Average
Principal
Balance ($)
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
(%)
|
0.00
- 19,999.99
|
384
|
5,041,437.07
|
1.40
|
13,128.74
|
87.21
|
20,000.00
- 39,999.99
|
1,281
|
39,551,942.40
|
10.95
|
30,875.83
|
91.90
|
40,000.00
- 59,999.99
|
1,301
|
64,526,946.83
|
17.86
|
49,597.96
|
93.51
|
60,000.00
- 79,999.99
|
880
|
60,972,697.48
|
16.88
|
69,287.16
|
94.44
|
80,000.00
- 99,999.99
|
577
|
51,686,809.72
|
14.31
|
89,578.53
|
94.86
|
100,000.00
- 119,999.99
|
291
|
31,574,023.41
|
8.74
|
108,501.80
|
95.02
|
120,000.00
- 139,999.99
|
192
|
24,919,263.82
|
6.90
|
129,787.83
|
93.83
|
140,000.00
- 159,999.99
|
130
|
19,286,067.65
|
5.34
|
148,354.37
|
90.01
|
160,000.00
- 179,999.99
|
54
|
9,140,853.56
|
2.53
|
169,275.07
|
92.98
|
180,000.00
- 199,999.99
|
53
|
10,115,247.97
|
2.80
|
190,853.74
|
88.23
|
200,000.00
- 219,999.99
|
26
|
5,304,793.46
|
1.47
|
204,030.52
|
85.16
|
220,000.00
- 239,999.99
|
10
|
2,295,228.48
|
0.64
|
229,522.85
|
93.77
|
240,000.00
- 259,999.99
|
17
|
4,250,077.52
|
1.18
|
250,004.56
|
87.88
|
260,000.00
- 279,999.99
|
15
|
4,096,403.08
|
1.13
|
273,093.54
|
89.13
|
280,000.00
- 299,999.99
|
10
|
2,913,481.32
|
0.81
|
291,348.13
|
85.23
|
300,000.00
- 319,999.99
|
9
|
2,756,388.52
|
0.76
|
306,265.39
|
81.21
|
320,000.00
- 339,999.99
|
11
|
3,618,251.41
|
1.00
|
328,931.95
|
80.45
|
340,000.00
- 359,999.99
|
8
|
2,791,011.55
|
0.77
|
348,876.44
|
80.74
|
360,000.00
- 379,999.99
|
4
|
1,489,239.55
|
0.41
|
372,309.89
|
89.36
|
380,000.00
- 399,999.99
|
3
|
1,180,994.26
|
0.33
|
393,664.75
|
76.42
|
400,000.00
- 419,999.99
|
8
|
3,241,084.24
|
0.90
|
405,135.53
|
87.49
|
420,000.00
- 439,999.99
|
2
|
856,000.00
|
0.24
|
428,000.00
|
92.48
|
440,000.00
- 459,999.99
|
2
|
895,000.00
|
0.25
|
447,500.00
|
84.84
|
480,000.00
- 499,999.99
|
4
|
1,976,869.24
|
0.55
|
494,217.31
|
78.59
|
500,000.00
- 519,999.99
|
4
|
2,000,000.00
|
0.55
|
500,000.00
|
80.73
|
560,000.00
- 579,999.99
|
1
|
577,999.00
|
0.16
|
577,999.00
|
79.97
|
640,000.00
- 659,999.99
|
1
|
650,000.00
|
0.18
|
650,000.00
|
75.00
|
660,000.00
- 679,999.99
|
1
|
678,473.55
|
0.19
|
678,473.55
|
84.99
|
700,000.00
- 719,999.99
|
1
|
700,000.00
|
0.19
|
700,000.00
|
85.33
|
960,000.00
- 979,999.99
|
1
|
974,467.14
|
0.27
|
974,467.14
|
62.72
|
1,120,000.00
- 1,139,999.99
|
1
|
1,139,361.06
|
0.32
|
1,139,361.06
|
74.13
|
Total/
Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Loan
Programs for the HELOCs
Loan
Program
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
120/0HELOC
|
1
|
19,014.02
|
0.01
|
19,014.02
|
100.00
|
120/120HELOC
|
265
|
22,969,758.07
|
6.36
|
86,678.33
|
79.40
|
120/180HELOC
|
4,176
|
290,707,531.04
|
80.48
|
69,613.87
|
93.13
|
120/240HELOC
|
190
|
8,795,644.35
|
2.44
|
46,292.87
|
91.10
|
120/60HELOC
|
8
|
320,816.34
|
0.09
|
40,102.04
|
92.61
|
180/0HELOC
|
9
|
448,563.14
|
0.12
|
49,840.35
|
94.99
|
180/120HELOC
|
579
|
33,564,062.59
|
9.29
|
57,969.02
|
93.50
|
60/120HELOC
|
54
|
4,375,023.74
|
1.21
|
81,018.96
|
92.57
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
68,383.27%
|
92.24%
|
Range
of Original Combined Loan-to-Value Ratios for the HELOCs
Range
of Original Combined Loan-to-Value Ratios (%)
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
0.01
- 10.00
|
1
|
27,799.00
|
0.01
|
27,799.00
|
7.56
|
10.01
- 20.00
|
8
|
335,720.38
|
0.09
|
41,965.05
|
17.29
|
20.01
- 30.00
|
10
|
743,421.36
|
0.21
|
74,342.14
|
23.50
|
30.01
- 40.00
|
19
|
1,565,998.83
|
0.43
|
82,420.99
|
35.32
|
40.01
- 50.00
|
19
|
1,385,298.83
|
0.38
|
72,910.46
|
45.38
|
50.01
- 60.00
|
42
|
3,192,257.50
|
0.88
|
76,006.13
|
55.81
|
60.01
- 70.00
|
89
|
8,897,029.46
|
2.46
|
99,966.62
|
65.68
|
70.01
- 80.00
|
253
|
26,235,306.48
|
7.26
|
103,696.86
|
77.21
|
80.01
- 90.00
|
1,877
|
110,416,623.70
|
30.57
|
58,826.12
|
88.70
|
90.01
- 100.00
|
2,964
|
208,400,957.75
|
57.70
|
70,310.71
|
98.82
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Loan
Purpose for the HELOCs
Loan
Purpose
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
Purchase
|
3,310
|
228,812,984.03
|
63.35
|
69,127.79
|
96.08
|
Cash
Out Refinance
|
1,655
|
114,458,348.44
|
31.69
|
69,159.12
|
84.86
|
Rate/Term
Refinance
|
317
|
17,929,080.82
|
4.96
|
56,558.61
|
90.27
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Occupancy
Status for the HELOCs
Occupancy
Status
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
Owner
Occupied
|
4,653
|
326,059,350.47
|
90.27
|
70,075.08
|
92.36
|
Second
Home
|
330
|
18,081,456.95
|
5.01
|
54,792.29
|
94.00
|
Investor
|
299
|
17,059,605.87
|
4.72
|
57,055.54
|
88.09
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Property
Types for the HELOCs
Property
Types
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
Single
Family
|
2,965
|
211,911,326.14
|
58.67
|
71,470.94
|
91.50
|
PUD
|
1,392
|
93,341,591.73
|
25.84
|
67,055.74
|
93.26
|
Condominium
|
685
|
38,741,518.07
|
10.73
|
56,556.96
|
94.17
|
2-4
Family
|
129
|
11,365,725.73
|
3.15
|
88,106.40
|
90.60
|
Townhouse
|
86
|
4,326,811.60
|
1.20
|
50,311.76
|
93.07
|
Hi-Rise
Condo
|
25
|
1,513,440.02
|
0.42
|
60,537.60
|
93.20
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Geographic
Distribution for the HELOCs
Geographic
Distribution
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
California
|
1,468
|
130,062,754.12
|
36.01
|
88,598.61
|
93.21
|
Virginia
|
559
|
36,596,950.05
|
10.13
|
65,468.60
|
93.31
|
Florida
|
600
|
36,481,157.70
|
10.10
|
60,801.93
|
94.44
|
Illinois
|
379
|
28,295,448.16
|
7.83
|
74,658.17
|
86.12
|
Maryland
|
253
|
15,591,989.13
|
4.32
|
61,628.42
|
90.88
|
Arizona
|
252
|
14,940,926.22
|
4.14
|
59,289.39
|
91.44
|
Georgia
|
285
|
12,092,140.99
|
3.35
|
42,428.56
|
96.39
|
New
York
|
110
|
9,076,509.88
|
2.51
|
82,513.73
|
90.41
|
Nevada
|
139
|
9,030,004.40
|
2.50
|
64,964.06
|
94.99
|
Colorado
|
152
|
8,337,332.50
|
2.31
|
54,850.87
|
96.46
|
OTHER
|
1,085
|
60,695,200.14
|
16.80
|
55,940.28
|
90.04
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Range
of Credit Scores for the HELOCs
Range
of Credit Scores
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
540
- 559
|
1
|
84,345.87
|
0.02
|
84,345.87
|
100.00
|
600
- 619
|
7
|
411,973.05
|
0.11
|
58,853.29
|
94.73
|
620
- 639
|
177
|
9,097,361.25
|
2.52
|
51,397.52
|
87.57
|
640
- 659
|
333
|
19,304,989.99
|
5.34
|
57,972.94
|
86.80
|
660
- 679
|
686
|
44,807,563.87
|
12.41
|
65,317.15
|
91.41
|
680
- 699
|
808
|
57,475,346.37
|
15.91
|
71,132.85
|
91.70
|
700
- 719
|
912
|
65,091,796.02
|
18.02
|
71,372.58
|
93.25
|
720
- 739
|
758
|
52,486,064.40
|
14.53
|
69,242.83
|
94.05
|
740
- 759
|
635
|
44,270,257.50
|
12.26
|
69,716.94
|
94.15
|
760
- 779
|
531
|
37,815,413.31
|
10.47
|
71,215.47
|
92.54
|
780
- 799
|
313
|
22,186,717.03
|
6.14
|
70,884.08
|
92.06
|
800
- 819
|
117
|
7,984,630.83
|
2.21
|
68,244.71
|
87.22
|
820
- 839
|
4
|
183,953.80
|
0.05
|
45,988.45
|
97.16
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Range
of Credit Limits for the HELOCs
Range
of Credit Limits ($)
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
0.00
- 19,999.99
|
203
|
3,086,571.66
|
0.85
|
15,204.79
|
89.00
|
20,000.00
- 39,999.99
|
1,181
|
35,325,229.71
|
9.78
|
29,911.29
|
93.02
|
40,000.00
- 59,999.99
|
1,323
|
62,454,326.88
|
17.29
|
47,206.60
|
93.73
|
60,000.00
- 79,999.99
|
926
|
60,500,418.98
|
16.75
|
65,335.23
|
94.84
|
80,000.00
- 99,999.99
|
582
|
49,087,297.51
|
13.59
|
84,342.44
|
95.78
|
100,000.00
- 119,999.99
|
370
|
35,071,821.60
|
9.71
|
94,788.71
|
92.94
|
120,000.00
- 139,999.99
|
218
|
26,037,751.38
|
7.21
|
119,439.23
|
94.03
|
140,000.00
- 159,999.99
|
178
|
22,077,809.23
|
6.11
|
124,032.64
|
88.72
|
160,000.00
- 179,999.99
|
61
|
9,394,987.88
|
2.60
|
154,016.19
|
93.29
|
180,000.00
- 199,999.99
|
44
|
7,427,644.07
|
2.06
|
168,810.09
|
92.92
|
200,000.00
- 219,999.99
|
50
|
8,347,565.96
|
2.31
|
166,951.32
|
83.38
|
220,000.00
- 239,999.99
|
17
|
3,023,868.57
|
0.84
|
177,874.62
|
88.44
|
240,000.00
- 259,999.99
|
23
|
3,843,178.64
|
1.06
|
167,094.72
|
86.73
|
260,000.00
- 279,999.99
|
18
|
4,333,324.80
|
1.20
|
240,740.27
|
90.79
|
280,000.00
- 299,999.99
|
8
|
2,195,206.37
|
0.61
|
274,400.80
|
89.76
|
300,000.00
- 319,999.99
|
13
|
3,431,643.82
|
0.95
|
263,972.60
|
78.77
|
320,000.00
- 339,999.99
|
12
|
3,385,041.36
|
0.94
|
282,086.78
|
81.52
|
340,000.00
- 359,999.99
|
13
|
3,981,414.91
|
1.10
|
306,262.69
|
78.19
|
360,000.00
- 379,999.99
|
4
|
1,489,239.55
|
0.41
|
372,309.89
|
89.36
|
380,000.00
- 399,999.99
|
2
|
636,900.77
|
0.18
|
318,450.39
|
84.14
|
400,000.00
- 419,999.99
|
10
|
3,537,976.79
|
0.98
|
353,797.68
|
85.45
|
420,000.00
- 439,999.99
|
5
|
1,818,050.74
|
0.50
|
363,610.15
|
89.72
|
440,000.00
- 459,999.99
|
5
|
1,471,978.98
|
0.41
|
294,395.80
|
84.22
|
500,000.00
- 519,999.99
|
9
|
4,367,967.13
|
1.21
|
485,329.68
|
77.83
|
520,000.00
- 539,999.99
|
1
|
152,895.25
|
0.04
|
152,895.25
|
69.83
|
560,000.00
- 579,999.99
|
1
|
577,999.00
|
0.16
|
577,999.00
|
79.97
|
640,000.00
- 659,999.99
|
1
|
650,000.00
|
0.18
|
650,000.00
|
75.00
|
700,000.00
- 719,999.99
|
1
|
700,000.00
|
0.19
|
700,000.00
|
85.33
|
740,000.00
- 759,999.99
|
1
|
678,473.55
|
0.19
|
678,473.55
|
84.99
|
1,120,000.00
- 1,139,999.99
|
1
|
1,139,361.06
|
0.32
|
1,139,361.06
|
74.13
|
1,340,000.00
- 1,359,999.99
|
1
|
974,467.14
|
0.27
|
974,467.14
|
62.72
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Range
of Credit Limit Utilization Rates for the HELOCs
Range
of Credit Limit Utilization Rates (%)
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
0.00 - 0.00
|
26
|
11,043.55
|
0.00
|
424.75
|
93.09
|
0.01 - 10.00
|
49
|
412,592.07
|
0.11
|
8,420.25
|
80.95
|
10.01 - 20.00
|
47
|
783,214.67
|
0.22
|
16,664.14
|
82.88
|
20.01 - 30.00
|
47
|
1,486,458.54
|
0.41
|
31,626.78
|
77.79
|
30.01 - 40.00
|
53
|
1,721,829.57
|
0.48
|
32,487.35
|
77.79
|
40.01 - 50.00
|
62
|
2,852,438.21
|
0.79
|
46,007.07
|
81.93
|
50.01 - 60.00
|
54
|
2,767,140.07
|
0.77
|
51,243.33
|
76.99
|
60.01 - 70.00
|
67
|
4,267,015.69
|
1.18
|
63,686.80
|
81.81
|
70.01 - 80.00
|
70
|
5,931,837.31
|
1.64
|
84,740.53
|
78.46
|
80.01 - 90.00
|
86
|
7,075,653.33
|
1.96
|
82,275.04
|
83.82
|
90.01 - 100.00
|
4,721
|
333,891,190.28
|
92.44
|
70,724.67
|
93.18
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Range
of Gross Margins for the HELOCs
Range
of Gross Margins (%)
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
-1.000
- -0.501
|
3
|
114,416.49
|
0.03
|
38,138.83
|
83.37
|
-0.500
- -0.001
|
60
|
3,767,920.74
|
1.04
|
62,798.68
|
73.76
|
0.000
- 0.499
|
276
|
25,908,893.21
|
7.17
|
93,872.80
|
79.68
|
0.500
- 0.999
|
421
|
33,949,054.61
|
9.40
|
80,639.08
|
86.74
|
1.000
- 1.499
|
562
|
37,957,860.33
|
10.51
|
67,540.68
|
87.61
|
1.500
- 1.999
|
556
|
39,262,683.49
|
10.87
|
70,616.34
|
93.28
|
2.000
- 2.499
|
491
|
34,957,780.00
|
9.68
|
71,197.11
|
93.10
|
2.500
- 2.999
|
475
|
31,514,221.82
|
8.72
|
66,345.73
|
95.14
|
3.000
- 3.499
|
335
|
20,938,057.94
|
5.80
|
62,501.67
|
95.21
|
3.500
- 3.999
|
557
|
39,479,443.27
|
10.93
|
70,878.71
|
97.77
|
4.000
- 4.499
|
495
|
30,701,896.18
|
8.50
|
62,024.03
|
98.69
|
4.500
- 4.999
|
307
|
22,182,662.88
|
6.14
|
72,256.23
|
97.50
|
5.000
- 5.499
|
193
|
12,241,159.14
|
3.39
|
63,425.70
|
95.93
|
5.500
- 5.999
|
143
|
8,250,956.80
|
2.28
|
57,699.00
|
92.71
|
6.000
- 6.499
|
86
|
5,332,111.47
|
1.48
|
62,001.30
|
91.83
|
6.500
- 6.999
|
126
|
5,901,527.90
|
1.63
|
46,837.52
|
90.00
|
7.000
- 7.499
|
87
|
3,960,987.97
|
1.10
|
45,528.60
|
87.42
|
7.500
- 7.999
|
62
|
2,540,514.58
|
0.70
|
40,976.04
|
89.02
|
8.000
- 8.499
|
25
|
1,197,234.24
|
0.33
|
47,889.37
|
89.82
|
8.500
- 8.999
|
14
|
751,354.77
|
0.21
|
53,668.20
|
89.63
|
9.000
- 9.499
|
7
|
251,675.46
|
0.07
|
35,953.64
|
88.87
|
10.000
- 10.499
|
1
|
38,000.00
|
0.01
|
38,000.00
|
90.00
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Range
of Current Loan Rates for the HELOCs
Range
of Current Loan Rates ($)
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
3.000
- 3.499
|
2
|
139,277.19
|
0.04
|
69,638.60
|
74.43
|
6.000
- 6.499
|
4
|
201,620.21
|
0.06
|
50,405.05
|
99.86
|
6.500
- 6.999
|
522
|
34,764,648.67
|
9.62
|
66,598.94
|
90.94
|
7.000
- 7.499
|
192
|
11,544,489.49
|
3.20
|
60,127.55
|
94.59
|
7.500
- 7.999
|
45
|
3,199,982.20
|
0.89
|
71,110.72
|
73.97
|
8.000
- 8.499
|
221
|
17,492,714.55
|
4.84
|
79,152.55
|
83.57
|
8.500
- 8.999
|
220
|
21,578,211.42
|
5.97
|
98,082.78
|
83.69
|
9.000
- 9.499
|
401
|
29,376,355.18
|
8.13
|
73,257.74
|
85.10
|
9.500
- 9.999
|
484
|
33,347,132.46
|
9.23
|
68,899.03
|
91.69
|
10.000
- 10.499
|
423
|
31,293,407.91
|
8.66
|
73,979.69
|
91.77
|
10.500
- 10.999
|
417
|
27,459,747.38
|
7.60
|
65,850.71
|
95.37
|
11.000
- 11.499
|
318
|
20,616,978.45
|
5.71
|
64,833.27
|
95.06
|
11.500
- 11.999
|
543
|
39,463,468.84
|
10.93
|
72,676.74
|
97.19
|
12.000
- 12.499
|
255
|
16,742,523.42
|
4.64
|
65,656.95
|
97.57
|
12.500
- 12.999
|
444
|
28,977,755.85
|
8.02
|
65,265.22
|
98.53
|
13.000
- 13.499
|
232
|
15,349,499.82
|
4.25
|
66,161.64
|
96.68
|
13.500
- 13.999
|
122
|
8,139,276.81
|
2.25
|
66,715.38
|
93.74
|
14.000
- 14.499
|
120
|
7,220,650.18
|
2.00
|
60,172.08
|
92.42
|
14.500
- 14.999
|
79
|
3,745,928.67
|
1.04
|
47,416.82
|
89.88
|
15.000
- 15.499
|
110
|
5,064,435.85
|
1.40
|
46,040.33
|
89.85
|
15.500
- 15.999
|
46
|
1,966,861.54
|
0.54
|
42,757.86
|
89.59
|
16.000
- 16.499
|
52
|
2,281,545.38
|
0.63
|
43,875.87
|
89.04
|
16.500
- 16.999
|
23
|
967,146.36
|
0.27
|
42,049.84
|
89.55
|
17.000
- 17.499
|
5
|
212,555.46
|
0.06
|
42,511.09
|
88.66
|
17.500
- 17.999
|
1
|
16,200.00
|
0.00
|
16,200.00
|
90.00
|
18.000
- 18.400
|
1
|
38,000.00
|
0.01
|
38,000.00
|
90.00
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Range
of Maximum Loan Rates for the HELOCs
Range
of Maximum Loan Rates (%)
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
8.000
- 9.999
|
1
|
15,000.00
|
0.00
|
15,000.00
|
90.00
|
10.000
- 11.999
|
3
|
173,022.10
|
0.05
|
57,674.03
|
95.28
|
16.000
- 17.999
|
2
|
64,552.29
|
0.02
|
32,276.15
|
97.18
|
18.000
- 19.999
|
5,027
|
339,186,108.79
|
93.91
|
67,472.87
|
93.07
|
24.000
- 25.999
|
249
|
21,761,730.11
|
6.02
|
87,396.51
|
79.28
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Range
of Original Term for the HELOCs
Months
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
120
|
1
|
19,014.02
|
0.01
|
19,014.02
|
100.00
|
180
|
71
|
5,144,403.22
|
1.42
|
72,456.38
|
92.78
|
240
|
265
|
22,969,758.07
|
6.36
|
86,678.33
|
79.40
|
300
|
4,755
|
324,271,593.63
|
89.78
|
68,195.92
|
93.17
|
360
|
190
|
8,795,644.35
|
2.44
|
46,292.87
|
91.10
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Range
of Remaining Term for the HELOCs
Months
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
120
and Less
|
1
|
19,014.02
|
0.01
|
19,014.02
|
100.00
|
121
- 240
|
336
|
28,114,161.29
|
7.78
|
83,673.10
|
81.85
|
241
- 360
|
4,945
|
333,067,237.98
|
92.21
|
67,354.35
|
93.12
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Original
Draw Period for the HELOCs
Months
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
60
|
4,640
|
322,812,763.82
|
89.37
|
69,571.72
|
92.10
|
120
|
588
|
34,012,625.73
|
9.42
|
57,844.60
|
93.52
|
180
|
54
|
4,375,023.74
|
1.21
|
81,018.96
|
92.57
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Original
Repayment Period for the HELOCs
Months
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
60
|
8
|
320,816.34
|
0.09
|
40,102.04
|
92.61
|
120
|
898
|
60,908,844.40
|
16.86
|
67,827.22
|
88.12
|
180
|
4,176
|
290,707,531.04
|
80.48
|
69,613.87
|
93.13
|
240
|
190
|
8,795,644.35
|
2.44
|
46,292.87
|
91.10
|
No
Repayment Period
|
10
|
467,577.16
|
0.13
|
46,757.72
|
95.19
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Remaining
Draw Period for the HELOCs
Months
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
60
and Less
|
54
|
4,375,023.74
|
1.21
|
81,018.96
|
92.57
|
61
- 120
|
4,640
|
322,812,763.82
|
89.37
|
69,571.72
|
92.10
|
121
- 180
|
588
|
34,012,625.73
|
9.42
|
57,844.60
|
93.52
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Lien
Position for the HELOCs
Lien
Position
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
First
Lien
|
55
|
5,007,619.36
|
1.39
|
91,047.62
|
61.99
|
Second
Lien
|
5,227
|
356,192,793.93
|
98.61
|
68,144.79
|
92.66
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Documentation
Programs for the HELOCs
Documentation
Program
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
Stated
Income
|
2,432
|
171,455,785.83
|
47.47
|
70,499.91
|
93.31
|
Full/Alternative
|
1,679
|
105,204,282.36
|
29.13
|
62,658.89
|
91.70
|
No
Ratio
|
852
|
65,073,191.32
|
18.02
|
76,376.99
|
92.22
|
No
Documentation
|
137
|
9,280,490.75
|
2.57
|
67,740.81
|
85.53
|
No
Income/No Asset
|
79
|
5,337,295.01
|
1.48
|
67,560.70
|
85.20
|
Stated/Stated
|
81
|
4,222,678.75
|
1.17
|
52,131.84
|
86.20
|
Limited
|
22
|
626,689.27
|
0.17
|
28,485.88
|
93.02
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Teaser
Expiration for the HELOCs
Date
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
N/A
|
4,328
|
299,357,014.79
|
82.88
|
69,167.52
|
92.08
|
August
- 2006
|
330
|
22,418,914.76
|
6.21
|
67,936.11
|
91.79
|
September
- 2006
|
484
|
31,812,457.77
|
8.81
|
65,728.22
|
93.23
|
October
- 2006
|
133
|
7,287,296.39
|
2.02
|
54,791.70
|
95.67
|
November
- 2006
|
7
|
324,729.58
|
0.09
|
46,389.94
|
98.18
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Initial
Periodic Rate Caps for the HELOCs
Cap
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
None
|
5,282
|
361,200,413.29
|
100.00
|
68,383.27
|
92.24
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Subsequent
Periodic Rate Caps for the HELOCs
Cap
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
None
|
5,282
|
361,200,413.29
|
100.00
|
68,383.27
|
92.24
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Index
for the HELOCs
Index
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
Prime
|
5,282
|
361,200,413.29
|
100.00
|
68,383.27
|
92.24
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Months
to Next Rate Adjustment for the HELOCs
Months
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
1
|
4,940
|
338,640,711.54
|
93.75
|
68,550.75
|
92.29
|
2
|
332
|
22,171,972.17
|
6.14
|
66,783.05
|
91.34
|
3
|
3
|
63,000.00
|
0.02
|
21,000.00
|
97.26
|
4
|
7
|
324,729.58
|
0.09
|
46,389.94
|
98.18
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
Debt-to-Income
Ratio for the HELOCs
Debt-to-Income
Ratio (%)
|
Number
of
Mortgage
Loans
|
Principal
Balance
|
Percentage
of
Total
Mortgage Loans
|
Average
Principal
Balance
|
Weighted
Average
Combined
Loan-to-Value
Ratio
|
N/A
|
1,068
|
79,690,977.08
|
22.06
|
74,617.02
|
90.97
|
0.01
- 10.00
|
14
|
712,826.39
|
0.20
|
50,916.17
|
92.96
|
10.01
- 20.00
|
125
|
7,806,808.56
|
2.16
|
62,454.47
|
86.20
|
20.01
- 30.00
|
769
|
48,452,028.11
|
13.41
|
63,006.54
|
91.49
|
30.01
- 40.00
|
1,899
|
126,005,850.68
|
34.89
|
66,353.79
|
93.49
|
40.01
- 50.00
|
1,347
|
93,570,510.73
|
25.91
|
69,465.86
|
92.49
|
50.01
- 60.00
|
60
|
4,961,411.74
|
1.37
|
82,690.20
|
93.02
|
Total
/ Weighted Average:
|
5,282
|
$361,200,413.29
|
100.00%
|
$68,383.27
|
92.24%
|
ANNEX
I
GLOBAL
CLEARANCE, SETTLEMENT, AND TAX
DOCUMENTATION
PROCEDURES
Except
under limited circumstances, the globally offered Bear Stearns Asset Backed
Securities I LLC, Mortgage-Backed Notes, Series 2006-8, which are referred
to as
the global securities, will be available only in book-entry form. Investors
in
the global securities may hold interests in these global securities through
any
of DTC, Clearstream or Euroclear. Initial settlement and all secondary trades
will settle in same-day funds.
Secondary
market trading between investors holding interests in global securities through
Clearstream and Euroclear will be conducted in accordance with their normal
rules and operating procedures and in accordance with conventional eurobond
practice. Secondary market trading between investors holding interests in global
securities through DTC will be conducted according to the rules and procedures
applicable to U.S. corporate debt obligations.
Secondary
cross-market trading between investors holding interests in global securities
through Clearstream or Euroclear and investors holding interests in global
securities through DTC participants will be effected on a
delivery-against-payment basis through the respective depositories of
Clearstream and Euroclear, in such capacity, and other DTC
participants.
Although
DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream are expected to follow the procedures described
below in order to facilitate transfers of interests in the global securities
among participants of DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream, they are under no
obligation to perform or continue to perform those procedures, and those
procedures may be discontinued at any time. Neither the depositor, the master
servicer, the securities administrator nor the indenture trustee will have
any
responsibility for the performance by DTC, Euroclear and Clearstream or their
respective participants or indirect participants of their respective obligations
under the rules and procedures governing their obligations.
Non-U.S.
holders of global securities will be subject to U.S. withholding taxes unless
those holders meet certain requirements and deliver appropriate U.S. tax
documents to the securities clearing organizations or their
participants.
Initial
Settlement
The
global securities will be registered in the name of Cede & Co. as nominee of
DTC. Investors’ interests in the global securities will be represented through
financial institutions acting on their behalf as direct and indirect
participants in DTC. Clearstream and Euroclear will hold positions on behalf
of
their participants through their respective depositories, which in turn will
hold such positions in accounts as DTC participants.
Investors
electing to hold interests in global securities through DTC participants, rather
than through Clearstream or Euroclear accounts, will be subject to the
settlement practices applicable to similar issues of mortgage-backed notes.
Investors’ securities custody accounts will be credited with their holdings
against payment in same-day funds on the settlement date.
Investors
electing to hold interests in global securities through Clearstream or Euroclear
accounts will follow the settlement procedures applicable to conventional
eurobonds, except that there will be no temporary global security and no
“lock-up” or restricted period. Interests in global securities will be credited
to the securities custody accounts on the settlement date against payment in
same-day funds.
Secondary
Market Trading
Since
the
purchaser determines the place of delivery, it is important to establish at
the
time of the trade where both the purchaser’s and seller’s accounts are located
to ensure that settlement can be made on the desired value date.
Transfers
between DTC Participants.
Secondary market trading between DTC participants will be settled using the
DTC
procedures applicable to similar issues of note interest Notes in same-day
funds.
Transfers
between Clearstream and/or Euroclear Participants.
Secondary market trading between Clearstream participants or Euroclear
participants and/or investors holding interests in global securities through
them will be settled using the procedures applicable to conventional eurobonds
in same-day funds.
Transfers
between DTC Seller and Clearstream or Euroclear Purchaser.
When
interests in global securities are to be transferred on behalf of a seller
from
the account of a DTC participant to the account of a Clearstream participant
or
a Euroclear participant for a purchaser, the purchaser will send instructions
to
Clearstream or Euroclear through a Clearstream participant or Euroclear
participant at least one business day prior to settlement. Clearstream or the
Euroclear operator will instruct its respective depository to receive an
interest in the global securities against payment. Payment will include interest
accrued on the global securities from and including the last Payment Date to
but
excluding the settlement date. Payment will then be made by the respective
depository to the DTC participant’s account against delivery of an interest in
the global securities. After this settlement has been completed, the interest
will be credited to the respective clearing system, and by the clearing system,
in accordance with its usual procedures, to the Clearstream participant’s or
Euroclear participant’s account. The credit of this interest will appear on the
next business day and the cash debit will be back-valued to, and the interest
on
the global securities will accrue from, the value date, which would be the
preceding day when settlement occurred in New York. If settlement is not
completed through DTC on the intended value date, i.e., the trade fails, the
Clearstream or Euroclear cash debit will be valued instead as of the actual
settlement date.
Clearstream
participants and Euroclear participants will need to make available to the
respective clearing system the funds necessary to process same-day funds
settlement. The most direct means of doing so is to pre-position funds for
settlement from cash on hand, in which case the Clearstream participants or
Euroclear participants will take on credit exposure to Clearstream or the
Euroclear operator until interests in the global securities are credited to
their accounts one day later.
As
an
alternative, if Clearstream or the Euroclear operator has extended a line of
credit to them, Clearstream participants or Euroclear participants can elect
not
to pre-position funds and allow that credit line to be drawn upon. Under this
procedure, Clearstream participants or Euroclear participants receiving
interests in global securities for purchasers would incur overdraft charges
for
one day, to the extent they cleared the overdraft when interests in the global
securities were credited to their accounts. However, interest on the global
securities would accrue from the value date. Therefore, the investment income
on
the interest in the global securities earned during that one-day period would
tend to offset the amount of these overdraft charges, although this result
will
depend on each Clearstream participant’s or Euroclear participant’s particular
cost of funds.
Since
the
settlement through DTC will take place during New York business hours, DTC
participants are subject to DTC procedures for transferring interests in global
securities to the respective depository of Clearstream or Euroclear for the
benefit of Clearstream participants or Euroclear participants. The sale proceeds
will be available to the DTC seller on the settlement date. Thus, to the sponsor
settling the sale through a DTC participant, a cross-market transaction will
settle no differently than a sale to a purchaser settling through a DTC
participant.
Finally,
intra-day traders that use Clearstream participants or Euroclear participants
to
purchase interests in global securities from DTC participants or sellers
settling through them for delivery to Clearstream participants or Euroclear
participants should note that these trades will automatically fail on the sale
side unless affirmative action is taken. At least three techniques should be
available to eliminate this potential condition:
•
|
borrowing
interests in global securities through Clearstream or Euroclear for
one
day, until the purchase side of the intra-day trade is reflected
in the
relevant Clearstream or Euroclear accounts, in accordance with the
clearing system’s customary
procedures;
|
•
|
borrowing
interests in global securities in the United States from a DTC participant
no later than one day prior to settlement, which would give sufficient
time for such interests to be reflected in the relevant Clearstream
or
Euroclear accounts in order to settle the sale side of the trade;
or
|
•
|
staggering
the value dates for the buy and sell sides of the trade so that the
value
date for the purchase from the DTC participant is at least one day
prior
to the value date for the sale to the Clearstream participant or
Euroclear
participant.
|
Transfers
between Clearstream or Euroclear Seller and DTC Purchaser.
Due to
time zone differences in their favor, Clearstream participants and Euroclear
participants may employ their customary procedures for transactions in which
interests in global securities are to be transferred by the respective clearing
system, through the respective depository, to a DTC participant. The seller
will
send instructions to Clearstream or the Euroclear operator through a Clearstream
participant or Euroclear participant at least one business day prior to
settlement. Clearstream or Euroclear will instruct its respective depository,
to
credit an interest in the global securities to the DTC participant’s account
against payment. Payment will include interest accrued on the global securities
from and including the last Payment Date to but excluding the settlement date.
The payment will then be reflected in the account of the Clearstream participant
or Euroclear participant the following business day, and receipt of the cash
proceeds in the Clearstream participant’s or Euroclear participant’s account
would be back-valued to the value date, which would be the preceding day, when
settlement occurred through DTC in New York. If settlement is not completed
on
the intended value date, i.e., the trade fails, receipt of the cash proceeds
in
the Clearstream participant’s or Euroclear participant’s account would instead
be valued as of the actual settlement date.
Certain
U.S. Federal Income Tax Documentation Requirements
A
beneficial owner who is an individual or corporation holding the global security
on its own behalf of global securities holding securities through Clearstream
or
Euroclear, or through DTC if the holder has an address outside the U.S., will
be
subject to the 30% U.S. withholding tax that typically applies to payments
of
interest, including original issue discount, on registered debt issued by U.S.
persons, unless:
•
|
each
clearing system, bank or other institution that holds customers’
securities in the ordinary course of its trade or business in the
chain of
intermediaries between the beneficial owner or a foreign corporation
or
foreign trust and the U.S. entity required to withhold tax complies
with
applicable certification requirements;
and
|
•
|
the
beneficial owner takes one of the following steps to obtain an exemption
or reduced tax rate:
|
•
|
Exemption
for Non-U.S. Persons—Form W-8BEN. Beneficial holders of global securities
that are Non-U.S. persons generally can obtain a complete exemption
from
the withholding tax by filing a signed Form W-8BEN, or Certificate
of
Foreign Status of Beneficial Owner for United States Tax Withholding.
Non-U.S. persons residing in a country that has a tax treaty with
the
United States can obtain an exemption or reduced tax rate, depending
on
the treaty terms, by filing Form W-8BEN. If the information shown
on Form
W-8BEN changes, a new Form W-8BEN must be filed within 30 days of
the
change.
|
•
|
Exemption
for Non-U.S. persons with effectively connected income—Form W-8ECI. A
Non-U.S. person, including a non-U.S. corporation or bank with a
U.S.
branch, for which the interest income is effectively connected with
its
conduct of a trade or business in the United States, can obtain an
exemption from the withholding tax by filing Form W-8ECI, or Certificate
of Foreign Person’s Claim for Exemption from Withholding on Income
Effectively Connected with the Conduct of a Trade or Business in
the
United States.
|
•
|
Exemption
for U.S. Persons—Form W-9. U.S. persons can obtain a complete exemption
from the withholding tax by filing Form W-9, or Payer’s Request for
Taxpayer Identification Number and
Certification.
|
U.S.
Federal Income Tax Reporting Procedure.
The
holder of a global security or, in the case of a Form W-8BEN or Form W-8ECI
filer, his agent, files by submitting the appropriate form to the person through
whom it holds the security—the clearing agency, in the case of persons holding
directly on the books of the clearing agency. Form W-8BEN and Form W-8ECI
generally are effective until the third succeeding calendar year from the date
the form is signed. However, the W-8BEN and W-8ECI with a taxpayer
identification number will remain effective until a change in circumstances
makes any information on the form incorrect, provided that the withholding
agent
reports at least annually to the beneficial owner on Form 1042-S. The term
“U.S.
person” means:
•
|
a
citizen or resident of the United
States;
|
•
|
a
corporation, partnership or other entity treated as a corporation
or a
partnership for United States federal income tax purposes, organized
in or
under the laws of the United States or any state thereof, including
for
this purpose the District of Columbia, unless, in the case of a
partnership, future Treasury regulations provide
otherwise;
|
•
|
an
estate that is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of the
source
of its income; or
|
•
|
a
trust if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary
supervision of the administration of the trust and one or more United
States persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions
of
the trust.
|
If
the
information shown on Form W-8BEN or Form W-8ECI changes, a new Form W-8BEN
or
Form W-8ECI, as applicable, must be filed within 30 days of the change. Certain
trusts not described in the final bullet of the preceding sentence in existence
on August 20, 1996 that elect to be treated as a United States Person will
also
be a U.S. person. The term “Non-U.S. person” means any person who is not a U.S.
person. This summary does not deal with all aspects of U.S. federal income
tax
withholding that may be relevant to foreign holders of the global securities.
Investors are advised to consult their own tax advisors for specific tax advice
concerning their holding and disposing of the global securities.
PROSPECTUS
Mortgage-Backed/Asset-Backed
Securities (Issuable in Series)
Bear
Stearns Asset Backed Securities I LLC
Depositor
The
Securities
|
Each
issue of securities will have its own series designation and will
evidence
either the ownership of assets in the related trust fund or debt
obligations secured by assets of the related trust fund.
· Each
series of securities will consist of one or more classes of
mortgage-backed or asset-backed certificates or notes.
· Each
class of securities will represent the entitlement to a specified
portion
of interest payments and a specified portion of principal payments
on the
trust assets.
· A
series may include classes of securities that are senior in right
of
payment to other classes. Classes of securities may be entitled
to receive
distributions of principal, interest or both prior to other classes
or
before or after specified events.
· No
market will exist for the securities of any series before they
are issued.
In addition, even after the securities of a series have been issued
and
sold, there can be no assurance that a resale market for them will
develop.
Offers
of the securities will be made through Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. and
the other underwriters listed in the related prospectus
supplement.
|
Consider
carefully the risk factors beginning on page 6 of this
prospectus.
The
securities represent obligations of the issuing entity only and
do not
represent an interest in or obligation of the depositor, the sponsor,
the
master servicer or any of their affiliates.
This
prospectus may be used to offer and sell the securities only if
accompanied by a prospectus
supplement.
|
The
Trust Fund and Its Assets
As
specified in the related prospectus supplement, each trust fund will consist
primarily of assets from one of the following categories:
·
|
mortgage
loans secured by senior or junior liens on one- to four-family
residential
properties;
|
·
|
closed-end
and/or revolving home equity loans secured by senior or junior
liens on
one- to four-family residential or mixed-use
properties;
|
·
|
home
improvement installment sales contracts and loan agreements that
are
either unsecured or secured by senior or junior liens on one- to
four-family residential or mixed-use properties or by purchase
money
security interests in the related home
improvements;
|
·
|
installment
sales contracts and installment loan agreements secured by senior
or
junior liens on manufactured homes or by mortgages on the related
real
estate;
|
·
|
mortgage-backed
securities issued or guaranteed by Ginnie Mae, Freddie Mac or Fannie
Mae;
and
|
·
|
private
label mortgage-backed or asset-backed
securities.
|
Neither
the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission
has
approved these securities or determined that this prospectus is accurate
or
complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal
offense.
Bear,
Stearns & Co. Inc.
September
5, 2006
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
RISK
FACTORS
|
DESCRIPTION
OF THE SECURITIES
|
General
|
The
Primary Assets and Their Valuation
|
Exchangeable
Securities
|
Exchanges
|
Procedures
|
Payments
of Interest
|
Payments
of Principal
|
Final
Scheduled Distribution Date
|
Special
Redemption
|
Optional
Redemption, Purchase or Termination
|
Weighted
Average Lives of the Securities
|
THE
TRUST FUNDS
|
General
|
The
Loans
|
FICO
Scores
|
Private
Label Securities
|
Agency
Securities
|
Collection
and Distribution Accounts
|
CREDIT
ENHANCEMENT
|
Subordinated
Securities
|
Insurance
Policies, Surety Bonds and Guaranties
|
Overcollateralization
|
Other
Insurance Policies
|
Reserve
Funds
|
Cross-Collateralization
|
Minimum
Principal Payment Agreement
|
Deposit
Agreement
|
Financial
Instruments
|
Static
Pool Information
|
SERVICING
OF LOANS
|
General
|
Collection
Procedures; Escrow Accounts
|
Deposits
to and Withdrawals from the Collection Account
|
Advances
and Limitations on Advances
|
Maintenance
of Insurance Policies and Other Servicing Procedures
|
Realization
upon Defaulted Loans
|
Enforcement
of Due-on-Sale Clauses
|
Servicing
Compensation and Payment of
|
Expenses
|
Certain
Matters Regarding the Servicer
|
THE
AGREEMENTS
|
Assignment
of Primary Assets
|
Reports
to Holders
|
Events
of Default; Rights upon Event of Default
|
The
Trustees
|
Duties
of Trustees
|
Resignation
of Trustees
|
Amendment
of Agreement
|
Voting
Rights
|
List
of Holders
|
Book-Entry
Securities
|
REMIC
Administrator
|
Termination
|
MATERIAL
LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE LOANS
|
Mortgages
|
Foreclosure
on Mortgages
|
Environmental
Risks
|
Rights
of Redemption
|
Junior
Mortgages; Rights of Senior Mortgages
|
Anti-Deficiency
Legislation and Other Limitations on Lenders
|
Due-on-Sale
Clauses in Mortgage Loans
|
Enforceability
of Prepayment and Late Payment Fees
|
Equitable
Limitations on Remedies
|
Applicability
of Usury Laws
|
The
Home Improvement Contracts and the Manufactured Housing
Contracts
|
Installment
Sales Contracts
|
Civil
Relief Act
|
THE
SPONSOR
|
THE
DEPOSITOR
|
USE
OF PROCEEDS
|
MATERIAL
FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
|
General
|
Taxation
of Debt Securities
|
Taxation
of the REMIC and its Holders
|
REMIC
Expenses; Single Class REMICs
|
Taxation
of the REMIC
|
Taxation
of Holders of Residual Interest
|
Securities
|
Administrative
Matters
|
Inducement
Fees
|
Tax
Status as a Grantor Trust
|
Sale
or Exchange
|
Miscellaneous
Tax Aspects
|
Taxation
of Classes of Exchangeable Securities
|
Tax
Treatment of Foreign Investors
|
Tax
Characterization of the Trust Fund as a Partnership
|
Tax
Consequences to Holders of the Notes
|
Tax
Consequences to Holders of the
|
Certificates
|
REPORTABLE
TRANSACTIONS
|
STATE
AND LOCAL TAX
|
CONSIDERATIONS
|
ERISA
CONSIDERATIONS
|
Class
Exemptions
|
Class
exemptions for purchases and sales of securities.
|
Underwriter
Exemption
|
Insurance
company general accounts.
|
Revolving
pool features.
|
ERISA
Considerations Relating to Notes
|
Exchangeable
Securities
|
Tax
Exempt Investors
|
Consultation
with Counsel
|
METHOD
OF DISTRIBUTION
|
LEGAL
MATTERS
|
FINANCIAL
INFORMATION
|
AVAILABLE
INFORMATION
|
INCORPORATION
OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE
|
RATINGS
|
LEGAL
INVESTMENT CONSIDERATIONS
|
PLAN
OF DISTRIBUTION
|
GLOSSARY
OF TERMS
|
Important
Notice About Information in This Prospectus
and
Each Accompanying Prospectus Supplement
Information
about each series of securities is contained in two separate
documents:
· |
this
prospectus, which provides general information, some of which may
not
apply to a particular series; and
|
· |
the
accompanying prospectus supplement for a particular series, which
describes the specific terms of the securities of that series.
|
Although
the accompanying prospectus supplement cannot contradict the information
contained in this prospectus, insofar as the prospectus supplement contains
specific information about a particular series of securities that expands
on the
more general information contained in this prospectus, you are encouraged
to
rely on the information in the prospectus supplement.
You
are
encouraged to rely only on the information contained in this prospectus and
the
accompanying prospectus supplement. We have not authorized anyone to provide
you
with information that is different from that contained in this prospectus
and
the accompanying prospectus supplement.
Each
prospectus supplement generally will include the following information with
respect to the related series of securities:
· |
the
principal amount, interest rate and authorized denominations of
each class
of securities;
|
· |
information
concerning the mortgage loans, home equity loans, home improvement
contracts, manufactured housing contracts, mortgage backed securities
and/or private securities in the related trust
fund;
|
· |
information
concerning the sponsor or any other seller of the mortgage loans,
home
equity loans, home improvement contracts, manufactured housing
contracts,
mortgage backed securities and/or private securities and information
concerning any servicer;
|
· |
the
terms of any credit enhancement with respect to particular classes
of the
securities;
|
· |
information
concerning other trust fund assets, including any reserve
fund;
|
· |
the
final scheduled distribution date for each class of
securities;
|
· |
the
method for calculating the amount of principal to be paid to each
class of
securities, and the timing and order of priority of principal
payments;
|
· |
information
about any REMIC tax elections for some or all of the trust fund
assets;
and
|
· |
particulars
of the plan of distribution for the
securities.
|
We
include cross-references in this prospectus and the accompanying prospectus
supplement to captions in these materials where you can find further related
discussions. The Table of Contents included in the accompanying prospectus
supplement lists the pages on which these captions are located.
There
is
also a Glossary of Terms where you will find definitions of certain capitalized
terms used in this prospectus.
If
you
require additional information, the mailing address of our principal executive
offices is Bear Stearns Asset Backed Securities I LLC, 383 Madison Avenue,
New
York, New York, 10179 and our telephone number is (212) 272-2000. For other
means of acquiring additional information about us or a series of securities,
see “Incorporation
of Certain Information
by Reference” in this prospectus.
Risk
Factors
You
should consider carefully the following information, together with the
information set forth under “Risk Factors” in the accompanying prospectus
supplement, since it identifies the principal risk factors associated with
an
investment in the securities.
You
may have difficulty selling your securities or obtaining your desired
price
|
No
market will exist for the securities before they are issued. In
addition,
we cannot give you any assurance that a resale market will develop
following the issuance and sale of any series of the securities.
Even if a
resale market does develop, you may not be able to sell your securities
when you wish or at the price you want.
|
Only
the assets of the related trust fund are available to pay your
securities
|
The
securities of each series will be payable solely from the assets
of the
related trust fund, including any applicable credit enhancement,
and will
not have a claim against the assets of any other trust. In the
case of
securities that are in the form of notes, the related indenture
will
require that noteholders proceed only against the assets of the
related
trust fund. We cannot give you any assurance that the market value
of the
assets in any trust fund will be equal to or greater than the total
principal amount of the related securities then outstanding, plus
accrued
interest. Moreover, if the assets of a trust fund are ever sold,
the sale
proceeds will be applied first to reimburse any related trustee,
servicer
and credit enhancement provider for their unpaid fees and expenses
before
any remaining amounts are distributed to securityholders.
|
|
In
addition, at the times specified in the related prospectus supplement,
assets of the trust fund and the related security accounts may
be released
to the depositor, the servicer, the credit enhancement provider
or other
persons, if
|
|
· all
payments then due on the related securities have been made,
and
· any
other payments specified in the related prospectus supplement have
been
made.
|
|
Once
released, such assets will no longer be available to make payments
to
securityholders.
|
|
You
will have no recourse against the depositor or any other person
if any
required distribution on the securities is not made or for any
other
default. The only obligations of the depositor with respect to
a trust
fund or the related securities would result from a breach of the
representations and warranties that the depositor may make concerning
the
trust assets. However, because of the depositor’s very limited assets,
even if the depositor should be required to repurchase a loan from
a
particular trust fund because of the breach of a representation
or
warranty, its sole source of funds for the repurchase would
be:
|
|
· funds
obtained from enforcing any similar obligation of the originator
of the
loan, or
· monies
from any reserve fund established to pay for loan
repurchases.
|
Credit
enhancement may be insufficient to provide against particular
risks
|
Although
credit enhancement is intended to reduce the effect of delinquent
payments
or loan losses on particular classes of securities, the amount
of any
credit enhancement is subject to the limits described in the related
prospectus supplement. In addition, the amount of credit enhancement
may
decline or be depleted before the related securities are paid in
full. As
a result, securityholders may suffer losses.
|
Principal
payments on the loans may adversely affect the average life of,
and rate
of return on, your securities
|
You
may be unable to reinvest the principal payments on your securities
at a
rate of return equal to the rate on your securities. The timing
of
principal payments on the securities of a series will be affected
by a
number of factors, including the following:
|
|
· the
extent of prepayments on the underlying loans in the trust fund
or, if the
trust fund contains underlying securities, on the loans backing
the
underlying securities;
|
|
· how
payments of principal are allocated among the classes of securities
of
that series as specified in the related prospectus
supplement;
|
|
· if
any party has an option to terminate the related trust early, the
effect
of the exercise of the option;
|
|
· the
rate and timing of defaults and losses on the assets in the related
trust
fund;
|
|
· repurchases
of assets in the related trust fund as a result of material breaches
of
representations and warranties made by the depositor, the sponsor
or any
other seller; and
|
|
· in
the case of a trust fund that contains revolving credit line loans,
any
provisions for non-amortization, early amortization or scheduled
amortization periods described in the related prospectus
supplement.
|
|
All
the above factors may affect the yield to maturity of the
securities.
|
The
interest accrual period may reduce the effective yield on your
securities
|
Interest
payable on the securities on any given distribution date will include
all
interest accrued during the related interest accrual period. Each
prospectus supplement will specify the interest accrual period
for the
related securities. If interest accrues during the calendar month
before
the related distribution date, your effective yield will be less
than it
would be if the interest accrual period ended the day before the
distribution date. As a result, your effective yield at par may
be less
than the indicated coupon rate.
|
Loans
with balloon payments may increase your risk of
loss
|
Certain
underlying loans may not be fully amortizing over their terms to
maturity
and may require a substantial principal payment (a “balloon” payment) at
their stated maturity. Loans of this type involve greater risk
than fully
amortizing loans since the borrower generally must be able to refinance
the loan or sell the related property prior to the loan’s maturity date.
The borrower’s ability to do so will depend on such factors as the level
of available mortgage rates at the time of sale or refinancing,
the
relative strength of the local housing market, the borrower’s equity in
the property, the borrower’s general financial condition and tax
laws.
|
Adjustable
rate or interest only loans may be underwritten to less stringent
standards than fixed rate loans
|
A
trust fund may include adjustable rate or interest-only loans that
were
underwritten on the assumption that the borrowers would be able
to make
higher monthly payments in a relatively short period of time. In
fact,
however, the borrowers’ income may not be sufficient to meet their loan
payments as payment amounts increase, thus increasing the risk
of
default.
|
Junior
lien loans generally are riskier than senior lien
loans
|
If
the mortgage or home equity loans in a trust fund are primarily
in a
junior lien position, any proceeds from liquidations, insurance
recoveries
or condemnations must be used first to satisfy the claims of the
related
senior lien loans (and related foreclosure expenses) before being
available to satisfy the junior lien loans. In addition, a junior
mortgage
lender may only foreclose subject to the related senior mortgage.
As a
result, the junior mortgage lender must either pay the related
senior
mortgage lender in full, at or before the foreclosure sale, or
agree to
make the regular payments on the senior mortgage. The trust will
not have
a source of funds to satisfy any senior mortgages or to continue
making
payments on them. As a result, the trust’s ability, as a practical matter,
to foreclose on any junior mortgage loan will be quite limited.
|
A
decline in property values could reduce the amount and delay the
timing of
recoveries on defaulted mortgage loans
|
The
following factors, among others, could adversely affect property
values in
such a way that the outstanding balance of the related loans, together
with any senior financing on the same properties, would equal or
exceed
those values:
|
|
· an
overall decline in the residential real estate markets where the
properties are located;
|
|
· failure
of borrowers to maintain their properties adequately; and
|
|
· natural
disasters that may not be covered by hazard insurance, such as
earthquakes
and floods.
|
|
If
property values decline, actual rates of delinquencies, foreclosures
and
losses on the underlying loans could be higher than those currently
experienced by the mortgage lending industry in general.
|
Some
mortgaged properties may not be owner occupied
|
The
mortgaged properties in the trust fund may not be owner occupied.
Rates of
delinquencies, foreclosures and losses on mortgage loans secured
by
non-owner occupied properties may be higher than those on mortgage
loans
secured by the borrower’s primary residence.
|
Home
improvement contracts and other loans may not have sufficient
security
|
A
trust fund may include home improvement contracts that are not
secured by
an interest in real estate or otherwise. A trust fund may also
include
mortgage or home equity loans with original loan-to-value ratios
(or
combined loan-to-value ratios in the case of junior loans) greater
than
100%. In these cases, the trust fund could be treated as a general
unsecured creditor for the unsecured portion of these loans.
|
|
If
a loan of this type goes into default, the trust fund will have
recourse
only against the borrower’s assets generally for the unsecured portion of
the loan, along with the borrower’s other general unsecured creditors. In
a bankruptcy proceeding, the unsecured portion of the loan may
be
discharged, even if the value of the borrower’s assets available to the
trust fund would be insufficient to pay the remaining amounts owing
on the
loan.
|
Home
improvement contracts will not be stamped
|
The
depositor will ensure that a UCC-1 financing statement is filed
that
identifies as collateral the home improvement contracts included
in a
trust fund. However, typically the home improvement contracts themselves
will not be stamped or marked to reflect their assignment to the
trust
fund. Thus, if as a result of negligence, fraud or otherwise, a
subsequent
purchaser were able to take physical possession of the contracts
without
notice of the assignment to the trust fund, the interests of the
related
securityholders in those contracts could be defeated.
|
If
amounts in any pre-funding account are not used to purchase trust
assets,
you will receive a prepayment on the related
securities
|
The
related prospectus supplement may provide that the depositor or
sponsor
will deposit a specified amount in a pre-funding account on the
date the
securities are issued. In this case, the deposited funds may be
used only
to acquire additional assets for the trust during a specified period
after
the initial issuance of the securities. Any amounts remaining in
the
account at the end of that period will be distributed as a prepayment
of
principal to the holders of the related securities. The resulting
prepayment could adversely affect the yield to maturity on those
securities.
|
Bankruptcy
laws may result in adverse claims against trust fund
assets
|
The
federal bankruptcy code and state debtor relief laws may adversely
affect
the ability of the trust fund, as a secured lender, to realize
upon its
security. For example, in a federal bankruptcy proceeding, a lender
may
not foreclose on mortgaged property without the bankruptcy court’s
permission. Similarly, the debtor may propose a rehabilitation
plan, in
the case of mortgaged property that is not his principal residence,
that
would reduce the amount of the lender’s secured indebtedness to the value
of the property as of the commencement of the bankruptcy. As a
result, the
lender would be treated as a general unsecured creditor for the
reduced
amount, the amount of the monthly payments due on the loan could
be
reduced, and the interest rate and loan payment schedule could
be
changed.
|
|
Any
such actions could result in delays in receiving payments on the
loans
underlying the securities and result in the reduction of total
payments.
|
Environmental
risks may adversely affect trust fund assets
|
Federal,
state and local laws and regulations impose a wide range of requirements
on activities that may affect the environment, health and safety.
In
certain circumstances, these laws and regulations impose obligations
on
owners or operators of residential properties such as those that
secure
the loans. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations can
result in
fines and penalties that could be assessed against the trust fund
as owner
of the related property.
|
|
In
some states, a lien on the property due to contamination has priority
over
the lien of an existing mortgage. Further, a mortgage lender may
be held
liable as an “owner” or “operator” for costs associated with the release
of petroleum from an underground storage tank under certain circumstances.
If the trust fund is considered the owner or operator of a property,
it
will suffer losses as a result of any liability imposed for environmental
hazards on the property.
|
Consumer
protection laws may adversely affect trust fund
assets
|
The
loans and contracts in each trust fund also may be subject to federal
laws
relating to loan origination and underwriting. These
laws
|
|
· require
certain disclosures to the borrowers regarding the terms of the
loans;
|
|
· prohibit
discrimination on the basis of age, race, color, sex, religion,
marital
status, national origin, receipt of public assistance or the exercise
of
any right under the consumer credit protection act, in the extension
of
credit;
|
|
· regulate
the use and reporting of information related to the borrower’s credit
experience; and
|
|
· require
additional application disclosures, limit changes that may be made
to the
loan documents without the borrower’s consent and restrict a lender’s
ability to declare a default or to suspend or reduce a borrower’s credit
limit to certain enumerated events.
|
|
Loans
may also be subject to federal, state or local laws that impose
additional
disclosure requirements and other restrictions on creditors with
respect
to mortgage loans with high interest rates or high up-front fees
and
charges. These laws can impose specific liabilities upon creditors
that
fail to comply and may affect the enforceability of the related
loans. In
addition, the trust fund, as assignee of the creditor, would generally
be
subject to all claims and defenses that the borrower could assert
against
the creditor, including the right to rescind the loan.
|
|
Home
improvement contracts may be subject to federal or state laws that
protect
the borrower from defective or incomplete work by a contractor.
These laws
permit the borrower to withhold payment if the work does not meet
the
quality and durability standards agreed to between the borrower
and the
contractor. These laws have the effect of subjecting the trust
fund, as
assignee of the creditor, to all claims and defenses which the
borrower in
a sale transaction could assert against the seller of defective
goods.
|
|
If
certain provisions of these laws are violated, the servicer may
be unable
to collect all or part of the principal or interest on the loans.
The
trust fund also could be subject to damages and administrative
enforcement.
|
Subordinate
securities are subject to additional risk
|
If
you invest in any class of subordinate securities, your rights
as an
investor to receive payments otherwise due you will be subordinate
to the
rights of the servicer and the holders of the related senior securities.
As a result, before investing in any subordinate securities, you
must be
prepared to bear the risk that payments on your securities may
be delayed
and that you might not recover all of your initial
investment.
|
Any
credit support provided by financial instruments may be insufficient
to
protect against particular risks
|
As
described under “Credit Enhancement—Financial Instruments” in this
prospectus, a trust fund may include financial instruments to protect
against certain risks or to provide certain cash flow characteristics
for
particular classes of the securities of a series. If you invest
in one of
these classes and the issuing entity of the financial instruments
fails to
perform its obligations, the yield to maturity, market price and
liquidity
of your securities could be materially adversely affected. In addition,
if
the issuing entity of the related financial instruments experiences
a
credit rating downgrade, the market price and liquidity of your
securities
could be reduced. Finally, if the financial instruments are intended
to
provide an approximate or partial hedge for certain risks or cashflow
characteristics, the yield to maturity, market price and liquidity
of your
securities could be adversely affected to the extent that the financial
instrument does not provide a perfect hedge.
|
REMIC
residual securities are subject to additional
risk
|
If
you invest in any class of securities that represent the “residual
interest” in a real estate mortgage investment conduit (REMIC), you will
be required to report as ordinary income your pro rata share of
the
REMIC’s taxable income, whether or not you actually received any cash.
Thus, as the holder of a REMIC residual interest security, you
could have
taxable income and tax liabilities in a year that are in excess
of your
ability to deduct servicing fees and any other REMIC expenses.
In
addition, because of their special tax treatment, your after-tax
yield on
a REMIC residual interest security may be significantly less than
that of
a corporate bond with similar cash-flow characteristics and pre-tax
yield.
Transfers of REMIC residual interest securities are also
restricted.
|
Book-entry
registration may limit your ability to sell securities and delay
your
receipt of payments
|
Limit
on Liquidity of Securities.
Securities issued in book-entry form may have only limited liquidity
in
the resale market, since investors may be unwilling to purchase
securities
for which they cannot obtain physical instruments.
|
|
Limit
on Ability to Transfer or Pledge.
Transactions in book-entry securities can be effected only through
The
Depository Trust Company (DTC), its participating organizations,
its
indirect participants and certain banks. As a result, your ability
to
transfer or pledge securities issued in book-entry form may be
limited.
|
|
Delays
in Distributions.
You may experience some delay in the receipt of distributions on
book-entry securities since the distributions will be forwarded
by the
trustee to DTC for DTC to credit to the accounts of its participants.
In
turn, these participants will credit the distributions to your
account
either directly or indirectly through indirect participants.
|
Ratings
of the securities do not address all investment risks and must
be viewed
with caution
|
Any
class of securities issued under this prospectus and the accompanying
prospectus supplement will be rated in one of the four highest
rating
categories of a nationally recognized rating agency. A rating is
based on
the adequacy of the value of the trust fund assets and any credit
enhancement for that class and reflects the rating agency’s assessment of
the likelihood that holders of the class of securities will receive
the
payments to which they are entitled. A rating is not an assessment
of the
likelihood that principal prepayments on the underlying loans will
be
made, the degree to which the rate of prepayments might differ
from that
originally anticipated or the likelihood of an early termination
of the
securities. You should not view a rating as a recommendation to
purchase,
hold or sell securities because it does not address the market
price or
suitability of the securities for any particular investor.
|
|
There
is no assurance that any rating will remain in effect for any given
period
or that the rating agency will not lower or withdraw the rating
in the
future. The rating agency could lower or withdraw its rating due
to:
|
|
· any
decrease in the adequacy of the value of the trust fund assets
or any
related credit enhancement, or
|
|
· an
adverse change in the financial or other condition of a credit
enhancement
provider.
|
Description
of the Securities
General
Bear
Stearns Asset Backed Securities I LLC, as depositor, will establish a trust
fund
for each series of its securities. A particular series of securities will
consist of mortgage-backed or asset-backed certificates or notes or both
certificates and notes.
Each
series of certificates will be issued under a pooling and servicing agreement
or
a trust agreement among the depositor, the trustee and, if the trust fund
includes loans, the master servicer. A form of pooling and servicing agreement
has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this
prospectus forms a part.
Each
series of notes will be issued under an indenture between the related trust
fund
and the trustee named in the prospectus supplement for that series. A form
of
indenture has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which
this prospectus forms a part. If the trust fund includes loans, the trust
fund
and the master servicer of the loans will also enter into a servicing
agreement.
The
sponsor and any other seller named in the related prospectus supplement,
from
which the depositor will have purchased assets to be included in the trust
fund,
may agree to reimburse the depositor for certain fees and expenses that the
depositor incurs in connection with the offering of the securities.
The
following summaries describe the material provisions which may appear in
each
pooling and servicing agreement or trust agreement, in the case of a series
of
certificates, and in each indenture and servicing agreement, in the case
of a
series of notes. The summaries do not purport to be complete and are subject
to,
and are qualified in their entirety by reference to, all of the provisions
of
the prospectus supplement and the governing agreements for that
series.
Each
series of securities will consist of one or more classes of the following
types
of classes:
Accretion
Directed
|
A
class of securities designated to receive principal payments primarily
from the interest that accrues on specified Accrual Classes.
|
Accrual
|
A
class of securities where the accrued interest otherwise payable
to such
certificates is allocated to specified classes of certificates
as
principal payments in reduction of their certificate principal
balance.
The certificate principal balance of the Accrual Class will be
increased
to the extent such accrued interest is so allocated.
|
Companion
|
A
class that receives principal payments on any distribution date
only if
scheduled payments have been made on specified planned amortization
classes, targeted amortization classes or scheduled principal
classes.
|
Component
|
A
class consisting of “components.” The components of a class of component
securities may have different principal and/or interest payment
characteristics but together constitute a single class. Each component
of
a class of component securities may be identified as falling into
one or
more of the categories in this list.
|
Fixed
Rate
|
A
class with an interest rate that is fixed throughout the life of
the
class.
|
Floating
Rate
|
A
class that receives interest payments based on an interest rate
that
fluctuates each payment period based on a designated index plus
a
specified margin.
|
Interest
Only or IO
|
A
class of securities with no principal balance and which is not
entitled to
principal payments. Interest usually accrues based on a specified
notional
amount.
|
Inverse
Floating Rate
|
A
class of securities where the pass-through rate adjusts based on
the
excess between a specified rate and LIBOR or another index.
|
Lock
Out
|
A
class of securities which is “locked out” of certain payments, usually
principal, for a specified period of time.
|
Partial
Accrual
|
A
class that accretes a portion of the amount of accrued interest
thereon,
which amount will be added to the principal balance of such class
on each
applicable distribution date, with the remainder of such accrued
interest
to be distributed currently as interest on such class. Such accretion
may
continue until a specified event has occurred or until such Partial
Accrual class is retired.
|
Principal
Only
|
A
class of securities which is not entitled to interest
payments.
|
Planned
Amortization Class or PAC
|
A
class of securities with a principal balance that is reduced based
on a
schedule of principal balances, assuming a certain range of prepayment
rates on the underlying assets.
|
Scheduled
Principal
|
A
class that is designed to receive principal payments using a predetermined
principal balance schedule but is not designated as a Planned Amortization
Class or Targeted Amortization Class. In many cases, the schedule
is
derived by assuming two constant prepayment rates for the underlying
assets. These two rates are the endpoints for the “structuring range” for
the scheduled principal class.
|
Senior
Support
|
A
class that absorbs the realized losses other than excess losses
that would
otherwise be allocated to a Super Senior Class after the related
classes
of subordinated securities are no longer outstanding.
|
Sequential
Pay
|
Classes
that receive principal payments in a prescribed sequence, that
do not have
predetermined principal balance schedules and that under all circumstances
receive payments of principal continuously from the first distribution
date on which they receive principal until they are retired. A
single
class that receives principal payments before or after all other
classes
in the same series of securities may be identified as a sequential
pay
class.
|
Super
Senior
|
A
class that will not bear its proportionate share of realized losses
(other
than excess losses) as its share is directed to another class,
referred to
as the “support class” until the class principal balance of the support
class is reduced to zero.
|
Target
Amortization Class or TAC
|
A
class of securities with a principal balance that is reduced based
on a
scheduled of principal balances, assuming a certain targeted rate
of
prepayments on the related collateral.
|
Variable
Rate
|
A
class with an interest rate that resets periodically and is calculated
by
reference to the rate or rates of interest applicable to specified
assets
or instruments (e.g., the mortgage rates borne by the underlying
loans).
|
A
series
may also include one or more classes of subordinated securities. Upon
satisfaction of any conditions applicable to a particular class as described
in
the related prospectus supplement, the transfer of the securities may be
registered, and the securities may be exchanged, at the office of the trustee
without the payment of any service charge, other than any tax or governmental
charge payable in connection with the registration of transfer or exchange.
If
specified in the related prospectus supplement, one or more classes of a
series
may be available in book-entry form only.
Unless
otherwise provided in the related prospectus supplement, payments of principal
of and interest on a series of securities will be made on each distribution
date
specified in the prospectus supplement by check mailed to holders of that
series, registered as such at the close of business on the record date specified
in the prospectus supplement that is applicable to that distribution date,
at
their addresses appearing on the security register. However, payments may
be
made by wire transfer (at the expense of the holder requesting payment by
wire
transfer) in circumstances described in the prospectus supplement. However,
final payments of principal in retirement of each security will be made only
upon presentation and surrender of the security at the office of the related
trustee. Notice of the final payment on a security will be mailed to each
holder
before the distribution date on which the final principal payment is expected
to
be made.
Payments
of principal and interest on the securities will be made by the trustee or
the
securities administrator, as applicable. Unless otherwise provided in the
related prospectus supplement, the following amounts will be deposited directly
into the collection account established for a particular series of securities
with the trustee (or with the master servicer in the name of the trustee).:
· |
all
payments with respect to the primary assets for that series (see,
“—The
Primary Assets and Their Valuation” below), together with reinvestment
income thereon;
|
· |
amounts
withdrawn from any cash, letters of credit, short-term investments
or
other instruments acceptable to the rating agencies identified
in the
prospectus supplement as rating that series and deposited in each
reserve
fund for the series established in the name of the trustee; and
|
· |
amounts
available pursuant to any other credit enhancement for the
series.
|
If
provided in the related prospectus supplement, the deposits may be net of
certain amounts payable to the servicer and any other person specified in
the
prospectus supplement. These amounts thereafter will be deposited into the
separate distribution account established for the series and will be available
to make payments on the related securities on the next distribution date.
See
“The Trust Funds—Collection and Distribution Accounts” in this
prospectus.
The
Primary Assets and Their Valuation
The
primary assets of each trust fund may include one or more pools of the
following:
· |
Home
Improvement Contracts,
|
· |
Manufactured
Housing Contracts,
|
· |
Private
Label Securities.
|
When
we
use the term “loans” in this prospectus, we include Residential Loans, Home
Equity Loans, Home Improvement Contracts and Manufactured Housing Contracts.
The
residential or mixed-use properties that secure the loans are collectively
referred to in this prospectus as the “mortgaged properties.”
If
specified in the related prospectus supplement for a series of notes, each
primary asset included in the related trust fund will be assigned an initial
Asset Value. The initial Asset Value of the primary assets of the trust fund
will be at least equal to the principal amount of the related notes on the
date
of issuance.
As
to
each series of securities, the mortgage loans will be selected for inclusion
in
the mortgage pool based on rating agency criteria, compliance with
representations and warranties, and conformity to criteria relating to the
characterization of securities for tax, ERISA, SMMEA, Form S-3 eligibility
and
other legal purposes.
Exchangeable
Securities
General
As
the
related prospectus supplement will discuss, some series will include one
or more
classes of exchangeable securities. In any of these series, the holders
specified in the related prospectus supplement, will be entitled, after notice
and payment to the trustee of an administrative fee, to exchange all or a
portion of those classes for proportionate interests in one or more of the
other
classes of exchangeable securities.
If
the
related prospectus supplement describes the issuance of exchangeable securities,
all of these classes of exchangeable securities will be listed on the cover
of
the prospectus supplement. The classes of securities that are exchangeable
for
one another will be referred to in the related prospectus supplement as
“related” to each other, and each related grouping of exchangeable securities
will be referred to as a “combination.” Each combination of exchangeable
securities will be issued by the related trust fund and, in the aggregate,
will
represent a distinct combination of interests in the trust fund. At any time
after their initial issuance, any class of exchangeable securities may be
exchanged for the related class or classes of exchangeable securities. In
some
cases, multiple classes of exchangeable securities may be exchanged for one
or
more classes of related exchangeable securities.
Descriptions
in the related prospectus supplement about the securities of that series,
including descriptions of principal and interest distributions, registration
and
denomination of securities, credit enhancement, yield and prepayment
considerations and tax, ERISA and legal investment considerations, will also
apply to each class of exchangeable securities. The related prospectus
supplement will separately describe the yield and prepayment considerations
applicable to, and the risks of investment in, each class of exchangeable
securities in a combination. For example, separate decrement tables and yield
tables, if applicable, will be included for each class of a combination of
exchangeable securities.
Exchanges
If
a
holder elects to exchange its exchangeable securities for related exchangeable
securities the following three conditions must be satisfied:
• |
the
aggregate principal balance of the exchangeable securities received
in the
exchange, immediately after the exchange, must equal the aggregate
principal balance, immediately prior to the exchange, of the exchanged
securities—for purposes of this condition, an interest only class will
have a principal balance of zero;
|
• |
the
annual interest amount payable with respect to the exchangeable
securities
received in the exchange must equal the aggregate annual interest
amount
of the exchanged securities; and
|
• |
the
class or classes of exchangeable securities must be exchanged in
the
applicable proportions, if any, described in the related prospectus
supplement.
|
There
are
different types of combinations that can exist. Any individual series of
securities may have multiple types of combinations. Some examples of
combinations include:
• |
A
class of exchangeable securities with an interest rate that varies
directly with changes in an index and a class of exchangeable securities
with an interest rate that varies indirectly with changes in an
index may
be exchangeable for a class of exchangeable securities with a fixed
interest rate. In this case, the classes that vary with an index
would
produce, in the aggregate, an annual interest amount equal to that
generated by the class with a fixed interest rate. In addition,
the
aggregate principal balance of the two classes that vary with an
index
would equal the principal balance of the class with the fixed interest
rate.
|
• |
An
interest only class and principal only class of exchangeable securities
may be exchangeable, together, for a class that is entitled to
both
principal and interest payments. The principal balance of the principal
and interest class would be equal to the principal balance of the
exchangeable principal only class, and the interest rate on the
principal
and interest class would be a fixed rate that when applied to the
principal balance of this class would generate an annual interest
amount
equal to the annual interest amount of the exchangeable interest
only
class.
|
• |
Two
classes of principal and interest classes with different fixed
interest
rates may be exchangeable, together, for a class that is entitled
to both
principal and interest payments, with a principal balance equal
to the
aggregate principal balance of the two exchanged classes, and a
fixed
interest rate that when applied to the principal balance of the
exchanged
for class, would generate an annual interest amount equal to the
aggregate
annual interest amount of the two exchanged
classes.
|
These
examples of combinations of exchangeable securities describe combinations
of
exchangeable securities which differ in their interest characteristics. In
some
series, a securityholder may be able to exchange its exchangeable securities
for
other exchangeable securities that have different principal payment
characteristics. Examples of these types of combinations include:
• |
A
class of exchangeable securities that accretes all of its interest
for a
specified period, with the accreted amount added to the principal
balance
of the accreting class, and a class of exchangeable securities
that
receives principal payments from these accretions may be exchangeable,
together, for a single class of exchangeable securities that receives
payments of principal continuously from the first distribution
date on
which it receives interest until it is
retired.
|
• |
A
class of exchangeable securities that is designed to receive principal
payments in accordance with a predetermined schedule, or a planned
amortization class, and a class of exchangeable securities that only
receives principal payments on a distribution date if scheduled
payments
have been made on the planned amortization
class, may be exchangeable, together, for a class of exchangeable
securities that receives principal payments without regard to the
schedule
from the first distribution date on which it receives principal
until it
is retired.
|
A
number
of factors may limit the ability of an exchangeable securityholder to effect
an
exchange. For example, the securityholder must own, at the time of the proposed
exchange, the class or classes necessary to make the exchange in the necessary
proportions. If a securityholder does not own the necessary classes or does
not
own the necessary classes in the proper proportions, the securityholder may
not
be able to obtain the desired class of exchangeable securities. The
securityholder desiring to make the exchange may not be able to purchase
the
necessary class from the then-current owner at a reasonable price or the
necessary proportion of the needed class may no longer be available due to
principal payments or prepayments that have been applied to that
class.
Procedures
The
related prospectus supplement will describe the procedures that must be followed
to make an exchange. A securityholder will be required to provide notice
to the
trustee five business days prior to the proposed exchange date or as otherwise
specified in the related prospectus supplement. The notice must include the
outstanding principal or notional amount of the securities to be exchanged
and
to be received, and the proposed exchange date. When the trustee receives
this
notice, it will provide instructions to the securityholder regarding delivery
of
the securities and payment of the administrative fee. A securityholder’s notice
to the trustee will become irrevocable on the second business day prior to
the
proposed exchange date. Any exchangeable securities in book-entry form will
be
subject to the rules, regulations and procedures applicable to DTC’s book-entry
securities.
If
the
related prospectus supplement describes exchange proportions for a combination
of classes of exchangeable securities, these proportions will be based on
the
original, rather than the outstanding, principal or notional amounts of these
classes.
The
first
payment on an exchangeable security received in an exchange will be made
on the
distribution date in the month following the month of the exchange or as
otherwise described in the related prospectus supplement. This payment will
be
made to the securityholder of record as of the applicable record
date.
Payments
of Interest
The
securities of each class that by their terms are entitled to receive interest
will bear interest (calculated on the basis of a 360-day year consisting
of
twelve 30-day months or on the basis of a 360-day year and the actual number
of
days elapsed during the related accrual period, as specified in the related
prospectus supplement) from the date and at the rate specified in the prospectus
supplement, or will be entitled to receive interest payment amounts calculated
in the method described in the prospectus supplement. Interest on the
interest-bearing securities of a series will be payable on the distribution
date
specified in the related prospectus supplement. The rate of interest on
securities of a series may be variable or may change with changes in the
annual
interest rates of the loans (or underlying loans) included in the related
trust
fund and/or as prepayments occur with respect to the loans (or underlying
loans). All indices that apply to pool assets with adjustable rates will
be
indices “that are of a type that are customarily used in the debt and fixed
income markets to measure the cost of borrowed funds. Principal only securities
may not be entitled to receive any interest distributions or may be entitled
to
receive only nominal interest distributions. Any interest on zero coupon
securities that is not paid on the related distribution date will accrue
and be
added to principal on that date.
Interest
payable on the securities on a distribution date will include all interest
accrued during the period specified in the related prospectus supplement.
In the
event interest accrues during the calendar month preceding a distribution
date,
the effective yield to holders will be reduced from the yield that would
otherwise be obtainable if interest payable on the securities were to accrue
through the day immediately preceding that distribution date.
Payments
of Principal
On
each
distribution date for a series, principal payments will be made to the holders
of the securities on which principal is then payable, to the extent set forth
in
the prospectus supplement. The payments will be made in a total amount
determined as specified in the prospectus supplement and will be allocated
among
the respective classes of the series in the manner, at the times and in the
priority (which may include allocation by random lot) set forth in the
prospectus supplement.
Final
Scheduled Distribution Date
The
final
scheduled distribution date with respect to each class of a series of notes
is
the date no later the date on which the total principal balance of the class
will be fully paid, and the final scheduled distribution date with respect
to
each class of a series of certificates is the date on which the principal
balance of the class is expected to be reduced to zero, in each case calculated
on the basis of the assumptions applicable to that series described in the
related prospectus supplement. The final scheduled distribution date for
each
class of a series will be specified in the related prospectus
supplement.
Since
payments on the primary assets of each trust fund will be used to make
distributions that reduce the outstanding principal amount of the related
securities, it is likely that the actual final distribution date of any class
will occur earlier, and may occur substantially earlier, than its final
scheduled distribution date. Furthermore, with respect to a series of
certificates, the actual final distribution date of any certificate may occur
later than its final scheduled distribution date as a result of delinquencies,
defaults and liquidations of the primary assets of the related trust fund.
No
assurance can be given as to the actual prepayment experience with respect
to
any series. See “—Weighted Average Lives of the Securities” below.
Special
Redemption
If
so
specified in the prospectus supplement relating to a series of securities
having
other than monthly distribution dates, one or more classes of the securities
may
be subject to special redemption, in whole or in part, on the special redemption
date specified in the related prospectus supplement if, as a consequence
of
prepayments on the loans (or underlying loans) or low yields then available
for
reinvestment, the entity specified in the prospectus supplement determines,
based on assumptions set forth in the applicable agreement, that the available
interest amount that will have accrued on the securities through the designated
interest accrual date specified in the related prospectus supplement is less
than the amount of interest that will have accrued on the securities to that
date. In this event and as further described in the related prospectus
supplement, the trustee will redeem a principal amount of outstanding securities
of the series sufficient to cause the available interest amount to equal
the
amount of interest that will have accrued through the designated interest
accrual date for the securities outstanding immediately after the
redemption.
Optional
Redemption, Purchase or Termination
The
depositor or the servicer or any other entity that may be designated in the
related prospectus supplement will have the option, on any distribution date,
to
purchase one or more classes of certificates of any series or redeem, in
whole
or in part, one or more classes of notes of any series under the circumstances,
if any, specified in the related prospectus supplement. Alternatively, if
the
prospectus supplement for a series of certificates so provides, the depositor,
the servicer or another entity designated in the prospectus supplement will
have
the option to cause an early termination of the related trust fund by
repurchasing all of the primary assets from the trust fund on or after a
date
specified in the prospectus supplement, or on or after such time as the total
outstanding principal amount of the certificates or primary assets (as specified
in the prospectus supplement) is equal to or less than the amount or percentage
specified in the prospectus supplement. Notice of the redemption, purchase
or
termination must be given by the depositor, the trustee or the securities
administrator, as applicable, prior to the related date. The redemption,
purchase or repurchase price will be set forth in the prospectus supplement.
In
the event that a REMIC election has been made, the pooling and servicing
agreement may require that the trustee or the securities administrator, as
applicable, receive a satisfactory opinion of counsel that the optional
redemption, purchase or termination will be conducted so as to constitute
a
“qualified liquidation” under Section 860F of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986,
as amended, or the Code.
In
addition, the prospectus supplement may provide other circumstances under
which
holders of securities of a series could be fully paid significantly earlier
than
would otherwise be the case if payments or distributions were solely based
on
the activity of the related primary assets.
Weighted
Average Lives of the Securities
Weighted
average life refers to the average amount of time that will elapse from the
date
of issue of a security until each dollar of principal of the security will
be
repaid to the investor. The weighted average life of the securities of a
class
will be influenced by the rate at which the amount financed under the loans
(or
underlying loans relating to the Agency Securities or Private Label Securities,
as applicable), included in the trust fund for a series is paid, whether
in the
form of scheduled amortization or prepayments.
Prepayments
on loans and other receivables can be measured relative to a prepayment standard
or model. The prospectus supplement for each series of securities will describe
the prepayment standard or model, if any, that is used and may contain tables
setting forth the projected weighted average life of each class of securities
of
the series and the percentage of the original principal amount of each class
of
securities of the series that would be outstanding on specified distribution
dates based on the assumptions stated in the prospectus supplement, including
assumptions that prepayments on the loans (or underlying loans relating to
the
Agency Securities or Private Label Securities, as applicable) included in
the
related trust fund are made at rates corresponding to various percentages
of the
prepayment standard or model specified in the prospectus
supplement.
There
is,
however, no assurance that prepayment of the loans (or underlying loans relating
to the Agency Securities or Private Label Securities, as applicable) included
in
the related trust fund will conform to any level of any prepayment standard
or
model specified in the related prospectus supplement. The rate of principal
prepayments on pools of loans may be influenced by a variety of factors,
including job-related factors such as transfers, layoffs or promotions and
personal factors such as divorce, disability or prolonged illness. Economic
conditions, either generally or within a particular geographic area or industry,
also may affect the rate of principal prepayments. Demographic and social
factors may influence the rate of principal prepayments in that some borrowers
have greater financial flexibility to move or refinance than do others. The
deductibility of mortgage interest payments, servicing decisions and other
factors also can affect the rate of principal prepayments. As a result, there
can be no assurance as to the rate or timing of principal prepayments of
the
loans (or underlying loans) either from time to time or over the lives of
the
loans (or underlying loans).
The
rate
of prepayments of conventional housing loans and other receivables has
fluctuated significantly in recent years. In general, however, if prevailing
interest rates fall significantly below the interest rates on the loans (or
underlying loans) for a series, the loans are likely to prepay at rates higher
than if prevailing interest rates remain at or above the interest rates borne
by
the loans. In this regard, it should be noted that the loans (or underlying
loans) for a series may have different interest rates. In addition, the weighted
average life of a class of securities may be affected by the varying maturities
of the loans (or underlying loans). If any loans (or underlying loans) for
a
series have actual terms to stated maturity that are less than those that
were
assumed in calculating the final scheduled distribution date of the related
securities, one or more classes of the series may be fully paid prior to
their
respective final scheduled distribution date, even in the absence of prepayments
and a reinvestment return higher than the Assumed Reinvestment Rate established
by the rating agencies named in the related prospectus supplement.
The
sponsor may, from time to time, implement programs designed to encourage
refinancing. These programs may include, without limitation, modifications
of
existing loans, general or targeted solicitations, the offering of pre-approved
applications, reduced origination fees or closing costs, or other financial
incentives. Targeted solicitations may be based on a variety of factors,
including the credit of the borrower or the location of the mortgaged property.
In addition, the sponsor may encourage assumptions of mortgage loans, including
defaulted mortgage loans, under which creditworthy borrowers assume the
outstanding indebtedness of the mortgage loans which may be removed from
the
related mortgage pool. As a result of these programs, with respect to the
mortgage pool underlying any trust, the rate of principal prepayments of
the
mortgage loans in the mortgage pool may be higher than would otherwise be
the
case, and in some cases, the average credit or collateral quality of the
mortgage loans remaining in the mortgage pool may decline.
The
Trust Funds
General
The
notes
of each series will be secured by the pledge of the assets of the related
trust
fund, and the certificates of each series will represent interests in the
assets
of the related trust fund. The trust fund of each series will include assets
purchased by the depositor from the sponsor and any other seller composed
of:
· |
the
primary assets of the trust fund;
|
· |
amounts
available from the reinvestment of payments on the primary assets
at any
Assumed Reinvestment Rate that may be established by the rating
agencies
specified in the related prospectus
supplement;
|
· |
any
credit enhancement in the form of an irrevocable letter of credit,
surety
bond, insurance policy or other form of credit
support;
|
· |
REO
property consisting of any mortgaged property or home improvement
that
secured a loan but which is acquired by foreclosure or deed in
lieu of
foreclosure or repossession; and
|
· |
the
amount, if any, initially deposited into the collection account
or
distribution account(s) for the series as specified in the related
prospectus supplement.
|
The
securities will be non-recourse obligations of the related trust fund. Holders
of a series of notes may only proceed against the collateral securing that
series in the case of a default with respect to the notes and may not proceed
against any assets of the depositor or the related trust fund not pledged
to
secure the notes.
The
primary assets for a series will be sold by the sponsor and any other seller
to
the depositor or purchased by the depositor in the open market or in privately
negotiated transactions (which may include transactions with affiliates)
and
will be transferred by the depositor to the related trust fund. Loans relating
to a series will be serviced by the servicer (which may be the sponsor or
any
other seller) that is specified in the related prospectus supplement. The
servicer will service the loans pursuant to a pooling and servicing agreement
with respect to a series of certificates, or a servicing agreement between
the
trust fund and servicer with respect to a series of notes.
If
the
prospectus supplement so provides, a trust fund relating to a series of
securities may be a business trust formed under the laws of the state specified
in the prospectus supplement pursuant to a trust agreement between the depositor
and the trustee.
Each
trust fund, prior to the initial offering of the related series of securities,
will have no assets or liabilities. No trust fund is expected to engage in
any
activities other than:
· |
to
acquire, manage and hold the related primary assets and other assets
contemplated in this prospectus and in the related prospectus supplement,
and the proceeds thereof,
|
· |
to
issue the related securities,
|
· |
to
make payments and distributions on the securities, and
|
· |
to
perform certain related activities.
|
No
trust
fund is expected to have any source of capital other than its assets and
any
related credit enhancement.
Primary
assets included in the trust fund for a series may consist of any combination
of
loans, Agency Securities and Private Label Securities, as and to the extent
the
related prospectus supplement specifies.
The
Loans
General.
Loans
in each trust fund may consist of Residential Loans, Home Equity Loans, Home
Improvement Contracts or Manufactured Housing Contracts. If specified in
the
related prospectus supplement, the loans in the related trust fund may include
cooperative apartment loans secured by security interests in shares issued
by
private, non-profit, cooperative housing corporations and in the related
proprietary leases or occupancy agreements granting exclusive rights to occupy
specific dwelling units in the cooperatives’ buildings. As more fully described
in the related prospectus supplement, the loans may be either “conventional”
loans or loans that are insured or guaranteed by a governmental agency like
the
FHA or VA. The loans will have been originated in accordance with the
underwriting criteria specified in the related prospectus
supplement.
In
general, the loans in a pool will have monthly payments due on the first
day of
each month. However, as described in the related prospectus supplement, the
loans in a pool may have payments due more or less frequently than monthly.
In
addition, payments may be due on any day during a month. The payment terms
of
the loans to be included in a trust fund will be described in the related
prospectus supplement and may include any of the following features, all
as
described in this prospectus or in the related prospectus supplement and
expanded upon in the related prospectus supplement:
· |
Interest
may be payable at
|
– |
a
rate that adjusts from time to time in relation to an index that
will be
specified in the related prospectus
supplement,
|
– |
a
rate that is fixed for a period of time or under certain circumstances
and
is followed by an adjustable rate,
|
– |
a
rate that otherwise varies from time to time,
or
|
– |
a
rate that is convertible from an adjustable rate to a fixed
rate.
|
Changes
to an adjustable rate may be subject to periodic limitations, maximum rates,
minimum rates or a combination of these limitations. As specified in the
related
prospectus supplement, the loans may provide for payments in level monthly
installments, for balloon payments, or for payments that are allocated to
principal and interest according to the “sum of the digits” or “Rule of 78s”
methods. Accrued interest may be deferred and added to the principal of a
loan
for the periods and under the circumstances as may be specified in the related
prospectus supplement. Loans may provide for the payment of interest at a
rate
lower than the specified loan rate for a period of time or for the life of
the
loan, and the amount of any difference may be contributed from funds supplied
by
the sponsor or any other seller of the property or another source.
– |
payable
on a level debt service basis to fully amortize the loan over its
term,
|
– |
calculated
on the basis of an assumed amortization schedule that is significantly
longer than the original term to maturity or on an interest rate
that is
different from the loan rate, or
|
– |
nonamortizing
during all or a portion of the original
term.
|
Payment
of all or a substantial portion of the principal may be due on maturity in
the
form of a balloon payment. Principal may include interest that has been deferred
and added to the principal balance of the loan.
· |
Monthly
payments of principal and interest
may
|
– |
be
fixed for the life of the loan,
|
– |
increase
over a specified period of time or
|
– |
change
from period to period.
|
Loans
may
include limits on periodic increases or decreases in the amount of monthly
payments and may include maximum or minimum amounts of monthly
payments.
Prepayments
of principal may be conditioned on payment of a prepayment fee, which may
be
fixed for the life of the loan or may decline over time, and may be prohibited
for the life of the loan or for particular lockout periods. Some loans may
permit prepayments after expiration of the applicable lockout period and
may
require the payment of a prepayment fee in connection with any subsequent
prepayment. Other loans may permit prepayments without payment of a fee unless
the prepayment occurs during specified time periods. The loans may include
“due
on sale” clauses which permit the mortgagee to demand payment of the entire loan
in connection with the sale or transfers of the related property. Other loans
may be assumable by persons meeting the then applicable underwriting standards
of the related seller.
A
trust
fund may contain buydown loans that include provisions for a third party
to
subsidize partially the monthly payments of the borrowers on those loans
during
the early years of those loans, the difference to be made up from a buydown
fund
contributed by that third party at the time of origination of the loan. A
buydown fund will be in an amount equal either to the discounted value or
full
aggregate amount of future payment subsidies. The underlying assumption of
buydown plans is that the income of the borrower will increase during the
buydown period as a result of normal increases in compensation and inflation,
so
that the borrower will be able to meet the full loan payments at the end
of the
buydown period. If assumption of increased income is not fulfilled, the
possibility of defaults on buydown loans is increased. The related prospectus
supplement will contain information with respect to any buydown loan concerning
limitations on the interest rate paid by the borrower initially, on annual
increases in the interest rate and on the length of the buydown
period.
When
we
use the term “mortgaged property” in this prospectus, we mean the real property
which secures repayment of the related loan. Home Improvement Contracts and
Manufactured Housing Contracts may, and the other loans will, be secured
by
mortgages or deeds of trust or other similar security instruments creating
a
lien on a mortgaged property. In the case of Home Equity Loans, the related
liens may be subordinated to one or more senior liens on the related mortgaged
properties as further described in the prospectus supplement. As specified
in
the related prospectus supplement, home improvement contracts and manufactured
housing contracts may be unsecured or secured by purchase money security
interests in the financed home improvements and the financed manufactured
homes.
When we use the term “properties” in this prospectus supplement, we mean the
related mortgaged properties, home improvements and manufactured homes. The
properties relating to the loans will consist primarily of single-family
properties, meaning detached or semi-detached one- to four-family dwelling
units, townhouses, rowhouses, individual condominium units, individual units
in
planned unit developments and other dwelling units, or mixed-use properties.
Any
mixed-use property will not exceed three stories and its primary use will
be for
one- to four-family residential occupancy, with the remainder of its space
for
retail, professional or other commercial uses. Any non-residential use will
be
in compliance with local zoning laws and regulations. Properties may include
vacation and second homes, investment properties and leasehold interests.
In the
case of leasehold interests, the term of the leasehold will exceed the scheduled
maturity of the related loan by a time period specified in the related
prospectus supplement. The properties may be located in any one of the fifty
states, the District of Columbia, Guam, Puerto Rico or any other territory
of
the United States.
Loans
with specified loan-to-value ratios and/or principal balances may be covered
wholly or partially by primary mortgage guaranty insurance policies. The
existence, extent and duration of any coverage provided by primary mortgage
guaranty insurance policies will be described in the related prospectus
supplement.
Home
Equity Loans.
The
primary assets for a series may consist, in whole or in part, of, closed-end
home equity loans, revolving credit line home equity loans or certain balances
forming a part of the revolving credit line loans, secured by mortgages creating
senior or junior liens primarily on one- to four-family residential or mixed-use
properties. The full principal amount of a closed-end loan is advanced at
origination of the loan and generally is repayable in equal (or substantially
equal) installments of an amount sufficient to fully amortize the loan at
its
stated maturity. Unless otherwise described in the related prospectus
supplement, the original terms to stated maturity of closed-end loans will
not
exceed 360 months. Principal amounts of a revolving credit line loan may
be
drawn down (up to the maximum amount set forth in the related prospectus
supplement) or repaid from time to time, but may be subject to a minimum
periodic payment. Except to the extent provided in the related prospectus
supplement, the trust fund will not include any amounts borrowed under a
revolving credit line loan after the cut-off date designated in the prospectus
supplement. As more fully described in the related prospectus supplement,
interest on each revolving credit line loan, excluding introductory rates
offered from time to time during promotional periods, is computed and payable
monthly on the average daily principal balance of that loan. Under certain
circumstances, a borrower under either a revolving credit line loan or a
closed-end loan may choose an interest-only payment option. In this case
only
the amount of interest that accrues on the loan during the billing cycle
must be
paid. An interest-only payment option may be available for a specified period
before the borrower must begin making at least the minimum monthly payment
of a
specified percentage of the average outstanding balance of the loan.
The
rate
of prepayment on Home Equity Loans cannot be predicted. Home Equity Loans
have
been originated in significant volume only during the past few years and
the
depositor is not aware of any publicly available studies or statistics on
the
rate of their prepayment. The prepayment experience of the related trust
fund
may be affected by a wide variety of factors, including general economic
conditions, prevailing interest rate levels, the availability of alternative
financing and homeowner mobility and the frequency and amount of any future
draws on any revolving credit line loans. Other factors that might be expected
to affect the prepayment rate of a pool of Home Equity Loans include the
amounts
of, and interest rates on, the underlying first mortgage loans, and the use
of
first mortgage loans as long-term financing for home purchase and junior
mortgage loans as shorter-term financing for a variety of purposes, including
home improvement, education expenses and purchases of consumer durables such
as
automobiles. Accordingly, Home Equity Loans may experience a higher rate
of
prepayment than traditional fixed-rate first mortgage loans. On the other
hand,
because Home Equity Loans such as the revolving credit line loans generally
are
not fully amortizing, the absence of voluntary borrower prepayments could
cause
rates of principal payments to be lower than, or similar to, those of
traditional fully-amortizing first mortgage loans. Any future limitations
on the
right of borrowers to deduct interest payments on Home Equity Loans for federal
income tax purposes may further increase the rate of prepayments of the Home
Equity Loans. Moreover, the
enforcement
of a “due-on-sale” provision (as described below) will have the same effect as a
prepayment of the related Home Equity Loans. See “Material Legal Aspects of the
Loans—Due-on-Sale Clauses in Mortgage Loans” in this prospectus.
Collections
on revolving credit line loans may vary for a number of reasons, including
those
listed below.
· |
A
borrower may make a payment during a month in an amount that is
as little
as the minimum monthly payment for that month or, during the interest-only
period for certain revolving credit line loans (and, in more limited
circumstances, closed-end loans with respect to which an interest-only
payment option has been selected), the interest, fees and charges
for that
month.
|
· |
A
borrower may make a payment that is as much as the entire principal
balance plus accrued interest and related fees and charges during
a
month.
|
· |
A
borrower may fail to make the required periodic
payment.
|
· |
Collections
on the mortgage loans may vary due to seasonal purchasing and the
payment
habits of borrowers.
|
Each
single family property will be located on land owned in fee simple by the
borrower or on land leased by the borrower for a term at least ten years
(unless
otherwise provided in the related prospectus supplement) greater than the
term
of the related loan. Attached dwellings may include owner-occupied structures
where each borrower owns the land upon which the unit is built, with the
remaining adjacent land owned in common or dwelling units subject to a
proprietary lease or occupancy agreement in a cooperatively owned apartment
building. Mortgages on cooperative dwelling units consist of a lien on the
shares issued by the cooperative dwelling corporation and the proprietary
lease
or occupancy agreement relating to the cooperative dwelling.
The
aggregate principal balance of loans secured by single family properties
that
are owner-occupied will be disclosed in the related prospectus supplement.
The
sole basis for a representation that a given percentage of the loans are
secured
by single family property that is owner-occupied will be either
· |
a
representation by the borrower at origination of the loan either
that the
underlying mortgaged property will be used by the borrower for
a period of
at least six months every year or that the borrower intends to
use the
mortgaged property as a primary residence, or
|
· |
a
finding that the address of the underlying mortgaged property is
the
borrower’s mailing address as reflected in the servicer’s records.
|
To
the
extent specified in the related prospectus supplement, single family properties
may include non-owner occupied investment properties and vacation and second
homes.
Home
Improvement Contracts.
The
primary assets for a series may consist, in whole or in part, of home
improvement installment sales contracts and installment loan agreements
originated by home improvement contractors in the ordinary course of business.
As specified in the related prospectus supplement, the Home Improvement
Contracts will be either unsecured or secured by senior or junior mortgages
primarily on single family properties, or by purchase money security interests
in the related home improvements. The Home Improvement Contracts will be
fully
amortizing and may have fixed interest rates or adjustable interest rates
and
may provide for other payment characteristics as described below and in the
related prospectus supplement.
The
home
improvements securing the Home Improvement Contracts include, but are not
limited to, replacement windows, house siding, new roofs, swimming pools,
satellite dishes, kitchen and bathroom remodeling goods and solar heating
panels.
Manufactured
Housing Contracts.
The
trust fund assets for a series may consist, in whole or part, of conventional
manufactured housing installment sales contracts and installment loan agreements
originated by a manufactured housing dealer in the ordinary course of business.
As specified in the related prospectus supplement, the Manufactured Housing
Contracts will be secured by manufactured homes, located in any of the fifty
states or the District of Columbia or by mortgages on the real estate on
which
the manufactured homes are located.
The
manufactured homes securing the Manufactured Housing Contracts will consist
of
manufactured homes within the meaning of 42 United States Code, Section 5402(6),
or manufactured homes meeting those other standards as shall be described
in the
related prospectus supplement. Section 5402(6) defines a “manufactured home” as
“a structure, transportable in one or more sections, which, in the traveling
mode, is eight body feet or more in width or forty body feet or more in length,
or, when erected on site, is three hundred twenty or more square feet, and
which
is built on a permanent chassis and designed to be used as a dwelling with
or
without a permanent foundation when connected to the required utilities,
and
includes the plumbing, heating, air conditioning and electrical systems
contained therein; except that the term shall include any structure which
meets
all the requirements of [this] paragraph except the size requirements and
with
respect to which the manufacturer voluntarily files a certification required
by
the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and complies with the standards
established under [this] chapter.”
Manufactured
homes, unlike mortgaged properties, generally depreciate in value. Consequently,
at any time after origination it is possible, especially in the case of
contracts with high loan-to-value ratios at origination, that the market
value
of a manufactured home or home improvement may be lower than the principal
amount outstanding under the related contract.
Additional
Information.
The
selection criteria applicable to the loans will be specified in the related
prospectus supplement. These include, but are not limited to, the combined
loan-to-value ratios or loan-to-value ratios, as applicable, original terms
to
maturity and delinquency information.
The
loans
for a series of securities may include loans that do not amortize their entire
principal balance by their stated maturity in accordance with their terms
but
require a balloon payment of the remaining principal balance at maturity,
as
specified in the related prospectus supplement. As further described in the
related prospectus supplement, the loans for a series of securities may include
loans that do not have a specified stated maturity.
The
loans
will be either conventional contracts or contracts insured by the Federal
Housing Administration (FHA) or partially guaranteed by the Veterans
Administration (VA). Loans designated in the related prospectus supplement
as
insured by the FHA will be insured under various FHA programs as authorized
under the United States Housing Act of 1937, as amended. These programs
generally limit the principal amount and interest rates of the mortgage loans
insured. Loans insured by the FHA generally require a minimum down payment
of
approximately 5% of the original principal amount of the loan. No FHA-insured
loans relating to a series of securities may have an interest rate or original
principal amount exceeding the applicable FHA limits at the time or origination
of such loan.
The
insurance premiums for loans insured by the FHA are collected by lenders
approved by the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and are
paid
to the FHA. The regulations governing FHA single-family mortgage insurance
programs provide that insurance benefits are payable either upon foreclosure
(or
other acquisition of possession) and conveyance of the mortgaged premises
to HUD
or upon assignment of the defaulted loan to HUD. With respect to a defaulted
FHA-insured loan, the servicer is limited in its ability to initiate foreclosure
proceedings. When it is determined, either by the servicer or HUD, that default
was caused by circumstances beyond the borrower’s control, the servicer is
expected to make an effort to avoid foreclosure by entering, if feasible,
into
one of a number of available forms of forbearance plans with the borrower.
Such
plans may involve the reduction or suspension of regular mortgage payments
for a
specified period, with such payments to be made upon or before the maturity
date
of the mortgage, or the recasting of payments due under the mortgage up to
or
beyond the maturity date. In addition, when a default caused by such
circumstances is accompanied by certain other criteria, HUD may provide relief
by making payments to the servicer in partial or full satisfaction of amounts
due under the loan (which payments are to be repaid by the borrower to HUD)
or
by accepting assignment of the loan from the servicer. With certain exceptions,
at least three full monthly installments must be due and unpaid under the
loan
and HUD must have rejected any request for relief from the borrower before
the
servicer may initiate foreclosure proceedings.
HUD
has
the option, in most cases, to pay insurance claims in cash or in debentures
issued by HUD. Currently, claims are being paid in cash, and claims have
not
been paid in debentures since 1965. HUD debentures issued in satisfaction
of FHA
insurance claims bear interest at the applicable HUD debenture interest rate.
The servicer of each FHA-insured loan will be obligated to purchase any such
debenture issued in satisfaction of a loan upon default for an amount equal
to
the principal amount of the debenture.
The
amount of insurance benefits generally paid by the FHA is equal to the entire
unpaid principal amount of the defaulted loan adjusted to reimburse the servicer
for certain costs and expenses and to deduct certain amounts received or
retained by the servicer after default. When entitlement to insurance benefits
results from foreclosure (or other acquisition of possession) and conveyance
to
HUD, the servicer is compensated for no more than two-thirds of its foreclosure
costs, and is compensated for interest accrued and unpaid prior to the date
of
foreclosure but in general only to the extent it was allowed pursuant to
a
forbearance plan approved by HUD. When entitlement to insurance benefits
results
from assignment of the loan to HUD, the insurance payment includes full
compensation for interest accrued and unpaid to the assignment date. The
insurance payment itself, upon foreclosure of an FHA-insured loan, bears
interest from a date 30 days after the borrower’s first uncorrected failure to
perform any obligation to make any payment due under the loan and, upon
assignment, from the date of assignment to the date of payment of the claim,
in
each case at the same interest rate as the applicable HUD debenture interest
rate as described above.
Loans
designated in the related prospectus supplement as guaranteed by the VA will
be
partially guaranteed by the VA under the Serviceman’s Readjustment Act of 1944,
as amended. The Serviceman’s Readjustment Act permits a veteran (or in certain
instances, the spouse of a veteran) to obtain a mortgage loan guaranty by
the VA
covering mortgage financing of the purchase of a one- to four-family dwelling
unit at interest rates permitted by the VA. The program has no mortgage loan
limits, requires no down payment from the purchaser and permits the guarantee
of
mortgage loans of up to 30 years’ duration.
The
maximum guaranty that may be issued by the VA under a VA-guaranteed mortgage
loan depends upon the original principal amount of the mortgage loan, as
further
described in 38 United States Code Section 1803(a), as amended. The liability
on
the guaranty is reduced or increased pro rata with any reduction or increase
in
the amount of indebtedness, but in no event will the amount payable on the
guaranty exceed the amount of the original guaranty. The VA may, at its option
and without regard to its guaranty, make full payment to a mortgage holder
of
unsatisfied indebtedness on a mortgage upon its assignment to the
VA.
With
respect to a defaulted VA-guaranteed loan, the servicer is, absent exceptional
circumstances, authorized to announce its intention to foreclose only when
the
default has continued for three months. Generally, a claim for the guaranteed
amount is submitted to the VA after liquidation of the related mortgaged
property.
The
amount payable under a VA guaranty will be the percentage of the VA-insured
loan
originally guaranteed by the VA applied to the indebtedness outstanding as
of
the applicable date of computation specified in the VA regulations. Payments
under the guaranty will be equal to the unpaid principal amount of the loan,
interest accrued on the unpaid balance of the loan to the appropriate date
of
computation and limited expenses of the mortgagee, but in each case only
to the
extent that such amounts have not been recovered through liquidation of the
mortgaged property. The amount payable under the guaranty may in no event
exceed
the amount of the original guaranty.
The
prospectus supplement for each series will provide information with respect
to
the loans that are primary assets of the related trust fund as of the cut-off
date, including, among other things, and to the extent relevant:
· |
the
aggregate unpaid principal balance of the
loans;
|
· |
the
range and weighted average interest rates on the loans and, in
the case of
adjustable rate loans, the range and weighted average of the current
interest rates and the lifetime interest rate caps, if
any;
|
· |
the
range and average principal balance of the
loans;
|
· |
the
weighted average original and remaining terms to stated maturity
of the
loans and the range of original and remaining terms to stated maturity,
if
applicable;
|
· |
the
range and weighted average of combined loan-to-value ratios or
loan-to-value ratios for the loans, as
applicable;
|
· |
the
percentage (by principal balance as of the cut-off date) of loans
that
accrue interest at adjustable or fixed interest
rates;
|
· |
any
special hazard insurance policy or bankruptcy bond or other enhancement
relating to the loans;
|
· |
the
percentage (by principal balance as of the cut-off date) of loans
that are
secured by mortgaged properties or home improvements or that are
unsecured;
|
· |
the
geographic distribution of any mortgaged properties securing the
loans;
|
· |
for
loans that are secured by single family properties, the percentage
(by
principal balance as of the cut-off date) secured by shares relating
to
cooperative dwelling units, condominium units, investment property
and
vacation or second homes;
|
· |
the
lien priority of the loans;
|
· |
the
delinquency status and year of origination of the
loans;
|
· |
whether
the loans are closed-end loans and/or revolving credit line loans;
and
|
· |
in
the case of revolving credit line loans, the general payments and
credit
line terms of those loans and other pertinent features.
|
The
prospectus supplement will also specify any other limitations on the types
or
characteristics of the loans in the trust fund for the related series of
securities.
A
Current
Report on Form 8-K will be sent, upon request, to holders of the related
series
of securities and will be filed, together with the related pooling and servicing
agreement, with respect to each series of certificates, or the related servicing
agreement, owner trust agreement and indenture, with respect to each series
of
notes, with the Commission after the initial issuance of the securities.
In the
event that mortgage loans are added to or deleted from the trust fund after
the
date of the related prospectus supplement but on or before the date of issuance
of the securities or if any material pool characteristic differs by 5% or
more
from the description in the prospectus supplement, revised disclosure will
be
provided either in a supplement or in a Current Report on Form 8-K which
will be
available to investors on the SEC website.
FICO
Scores
The
FICO
Score is a statistical ranking of likely future credit performance developed
by
Fair, Isaac & Company and the three national credit repositories-Equifax,
Trans Union and First American (formerly Experian which was formerly TRW).
The
FICO
Scores
available from the three national credit repositories are calculated by the
assignment of weightings to the most predictive data collected by the credit
repositories and range from the 300’s to the 900’s. Although the FICO Scores are
based solely on the information at the particular credit repository, such
FICO
Scores have been calibrated to indicate the same level of credit risk regardless
of which credit repository is used. The FICO Scores is used along with, but
not
limited to, mortgage payment history, seasoning on bankruptcy and/or
foreclosure, and is not a substitute for the underwriter’s
judgment.
Private
Label Securities
General.
Primary
assets for a series may consist, in whole or in part, of Private Label
Securities or PLS (i.e.,
private
mortgage-backed asset-backed securities) that include:
· |
pass-through
certificates representing beneficial interests in underlying loans
of a
type that would otherwise be eligible to be loans held directly
by the
trust fund, or
|
· |
collateralized
obligations secured by underlying loans of a type that would otherwise
be
eligible to be loans held directly by the trust
fund.
|
The
Private Label Securities will previously have been
· |
offered
and distributed to the public pursuant to an effective registration
statement, or
|
· |
purchased
in a transaction not involving any public offering from a person
that is
not an affiliate of the Private Label Securities at the time of
sale (nor
its affiliate at any time during the three preceding months) and
a period
of two years has elapsed since the date the Private Label Securities
were
acquired from the issuing entity or its affiliate, whichever is
later.
|
Although
individual underlying loans may be insured or guaranteed by the United States
or
one of its agencies or instrumentalities, they need not be, and the Private
Label Securities themselves may be, but need not be, insured or
guaranteed.
The
Private Label Securities will have been issued pursuant to a pooling and
servicing agreement, a trust agreement or similar agreement. The seller/servicer
of the underlying loans will have entered into a PLS agreement with the PLS
trustee. The PLS trustee, its agent or a custodian will take possession of
the
underlying loans. The underlying loans will be serviced by the PLS servicer
directly or by one or more sub-servicers subject to the supervision of the
PLS
servicer.
The
issuer of Private Label Securities will be
· |
a
financial institution or other entity engaged generally in the
business of
lending,
|
· |
a
public agency or instrumentality of a state, local or federal government,
or
|
· |
a
limited purpose corporation organized for the purpose of, among
other
things, establishing trusts and acquiring and selling loans to
such
trusts, and selling beneficial interests in
trusts.
|
If
specified in the prospectus supplement, the PLS issuer may be an affiliate
of
the depositor. The obligations of the PLS issuer generally will be limited
to
certain representations and warranties that it makes with respect to the
assets
it conveys to the related trust. The PLS issuer will not have guaranteed
any of
the assets conveyed to the related trust or any of the Private Label Securities
issued under the PLS agreement.
Distributions
of principal and interest will be made on the Private Label Securities on
the
dates specified in the related prospectus supplement. The Private Label
Securities may be entitled to receive nominal or no principal distributions
or
nominal or no interest distributions. Principal and interest distributions
will
be made on the Private Label Securities by the PLS
trustee
or the PLS servicer. The PLS issuer or the PLS servicer may have the right
to
repurchase the underlying loans after a certain date or under other
circumstances specified in the related prospectus supplement.
The
loans
underlying the Private Label Securities may be fixed rate, level payment,
fully
amortizing loans or adjustable rate loans or loans having balloon or other
irregular payment features. The underlying loans will be secured by mortgages
on
mortgaged properties.
Credit
Support Relating to Private Label Securities.
Credit
support in the form of reserve funds, subordination of other private securities
issued under the PLS agreement, guarantees, cash collateral accounts, security
policies or other types of credit support may be provided with respect to
the
underlying loans or with respect to the Private Label Securities themselves.
The
type, characteristics and amount of credit support will be a function of
the
characteristics of the underlying loans and other factors and will be based
on
the requirements of the nationally recognized statistical rating organization
that rated the Private Label Securities.
Additional
Information.
If the
primary assets of a trust fund include Private Label Securities, the related
prospectus supplement will specify the items listed below, to the extent
relevant and to the extent information is reasonably available to the depositor
and the depositor reasonably believes the information to be reliable
below:
· |
the
total approximate principal amount and type of the Private Label
Securities to be included in the trust
fund,
|
· |
the
maximum original term to stated maturity of the Private Label
Securities,
|
· |
the
weighted average term to stated maturity of the Private Label
Securities,
|
· |
the
pass-through or certificate rate or range of rates of the Private
Label
Securities,
|
· |
the
PLS issuer, the PLS servicer (if other than the PLS issuer) and
the PLS
trustee,
|
· |
certain
characteristics of any credit support such as reserve funds, security
policies or guarantees relating to the underlying loans or to the
Private
Label Securities themselves;
|
· |
the
terms on which underlying loans may, or are required to, be purchased
prior to their stated maturity or the stated maturity of the Private
Label
Securities, and
|
· |
the
terms on which underlying loans may be substituted for those originally
underlying the Private Label
Securities.
|
In
addition, the related prospectus supplement will provide information about
the
loans underlying the Private Label Securities, including
· |
the
payment features of the underlying loans (i.e.,
whether closed-end loans or revolving credit line loans, whether
fixed
rate or adjustable rate, whether level payment or balloon payment
loans),
|
· |
the
approximate aggregate principal balance, if known, of the underlying
loans
insured guaranteed by a governmental entity,
|
· |
the
servicing fee or range of servicing fees with respect to the underlying
loans,
|
· |
the
minimum and maximum stated maturities of the underlying loans at
origination,
|
· |
the
lien priority of the underlying loans,
and
|
· |
the
delinquency status (disclosed in 30/31 day buckets) and year of
origination of the underlying
loans.
|
The
above
disclosure may be on an approximate basis and will be as of the date specified
in the related prospectus supplement.
Agency
Securities
Ginnie
Mae.
The
Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae) is a wholly-owned
corporate instrumentality of HUD. Section 306(g) of Title II of the National
Housing Act of 1934, as amended, authorizes Ginnie Mae to, among other things,
guarantee the timely payment of principal of and interest on certificates
which
represent an interest in a pool of mortgage loans insured by the FHA under
the
National Housing Act of 1934 or Title V of the National Housing Act of 1949,
or
partially guaranteed by the VA under the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944,
as amended, or Chapter 37 of Title 38 of the United States Code.
Section
306 (g) of the National Housing Act of 1934 provides that “the full faith and
credit of the United States is pledged to the payment of all amounts which
may
be required to be paid under any guarantee under this subsection.” In order to
meet its obligations under any guarantee under Section 306 (g) of the National
Housing Act, Ginnie Mae may, under Section
306(d)
of
the National Housing Act, borrow from the United States Treasury in an amount
which is at any time sufficient to enable Ginnie Mae, with no limitations
as to
amount, to perform its obligations under its guarantee.
Ginnie
Mae Certificates.
Each
Ginnie Mae certificate held in a trust fund for a series of securities will
be a
“fully modified pass-through” mortgaged-backed certificate issued and serviced
by a mortgage banking company or other financial concern approved by Ginnie
Mae
or approved by Fannie Mae as a seller-servicer of FHA loans and/or VA loans.
Each Ginnie Mae certificate may be a GNMA I certificate or a GNMA II
certificate. The mortgage loans underlying the Ginnie Mae certificates will
consist of FHA loans and/or VA loans. Each mortgage loan of this type is
secured
by a one- to four-family residential property or a manufactured home. Ginnie
Mae
will approve the issuance of each Ginnie Mae certificate in accordance with
a
guaranty agreement between Ginnie Mae and the issuer and servicer of the
Ginnie
Mae certificate. Pursuant to its guaranty agreement, a Ginnie Mae servicer
will
be required to advance its own funds in order to make timely payments of
all
amounts due on each of the related Ginnie Mae certificates, even if the payments
received by the Ginnie Mae servicer on the FHA loans or VA loans underlying
each
of those Ginnie Mae certificates are less than the amounts due on those Ginnie
Mae certificates.
The
full
and timely payment of principal of and interest on each Ginnie Mae certificate
will be guaranteed by Ginnie Mae, which obligation is backed by the full
faith
and credit of the United States. Each Ginnie Mae certificate will have an
original maturity of not more than 40 years (but may have original maturities
of
substantially less than 40 years). Each Ginnie Mae certificate will provide
for
the payment by or on behalf of the Ginnie Mae servicer to the registered
holder
of the Ginnie Mae certificate of scheduled monthly payments of principal
and
interest equal to the registered holder’s proportionate interest in the
aggregate amount of the monthly principal and interest payment on each FHA
loan
or VA loan underlying the Ginnie Mae certificate, less the applicable servicing
and guarantee fee which together equal the difference between the interest
on
the FHA loans or VA loans and the pass-through rate on the Ginnie Mae
certificate. In addition, each payment will include proportionate pass-through
payments of any prepayments of principal on the FHA loans or VA loans underlying
the Ginnie Mae certificate and liquidation proceeds in the event of a
foreclosure or other disposition of any the related FHA loans or VA
loans.
If
a
Ginnie Mae servicer is unable to make the payments on a Ginnie Mae certificate
as it becomes due, it must promptly notify Ginnie Mae and request Ginnie
Mae to
make the payment. Upon notification and request, Ginnie Mae will make payments
directly to the registered holder of a Ginnie Mae certificate. In the event
no
payment is made by a Ginnie Mae servicer and the Ginnie Mae servicer fails
to
notify and request Ginnie Mae to make the payment, the holder of the related
Ginnie Mae certificate will have recourse only against Ginnie Mae to obtain
the
payment. The trustee or its nominee, as registered holder of the Ginnie Mae
certificates held in a trust fund, will have the right to proceed directly
against Ginnie Mae under the terms of the guaranty agreements relating to
the
Ginnie Mae certificates for any amounts that are not paid when due.
Except
for pools of mortgage loans secured by manufactured homes, all mortgage loans
underlying a particular Ginnie Mae certificate must have the same interest
rate
over the term of the loan. The interest rate on a GNMA I certificate will
equal
the interest rate on the mortgage loans included in the pool of mortgage
loans
underlying the GNMA I certificate, less one-half percentage point per year
of
the unpaid principal balance of the mortgage loans.
Mortgage
loans underlying a particular GNMA II certificate may have annual interest
rates
that vary from each other by up to one percentage point. The interest rate
on
each GNMA II certificate will be between one-half percentage point and one
and
one-half percentage points lower than the highest interest rate on the mortgage
loans included in the pool of mortgage loans underlying the GNMA II certificate
(except for pools of mortgage loans secured by manufactured homes).
Regular
monthly installment payments on each Ginnie Mae certificate will be comprised
of
interest due as specified on a Ginnie Mae certificate plus the scheduled
principal payments on the FHA loans or VA loans underlying the Ginnie Mae
certificate due on the first day of the month in which the scheduled monthly
installments on the Ginnie Mae certificate is due. Regular monthly installments
on each Ginnie Mae certificate, are required to be paid to the trustee
identified in the related prospectus supplement as registered holder by the
15th
day of each month in the case of a GNMA I certificate, and are required to
be
mailed to the trustee by the 20th day of each month in the case of a GNMA
II
certificate. Any principal prepayments on any FHA loans or VA loans underlying
a
Ginnie Mae certificate held in a trust fund or any other early recovery of
principal on a loan will be passed through to the trustee identified in the
related prospectus supplement as the registered holder of the Ginnie Mae
certificate.
Ginnie
Mae certificates may be backed by graduated payment mortgage loans or by
“buydown” mortgage loans for which funds will have been provided, and deposited
into escrow accounts, for application to the payment of a portion of the
borrowers’ monthly payments during the early years of those mortgage loans.
Payments due the registered holders of Ginnie Mae certificates backed by
pools
containing “buydown” mortgage loans will be computed in the same manner as
payments derived from other Ginnie Mae certificates and will include amounts
to
be collected from both the borrower and the related escrow account. The
graduated payment mortgage loans will provide for graduated interest payments
that, during the early years of the mortgage loans, will be less than the
amount
of stated interest on the mortgage loans. The interest not so paid will be
added
to the principal of the graduated payment mortgage loans and, together with
interest on that interest, will be paid in subsequent years. The obligations
of
Ginnie Mae and of a Ginnie Mae issuer/servicer will be the same irrespective
of
whether the Ginnie Mae certificates are backed by graduated payment mortgage
loans or “buydown” mortgage loans. No statistics comparable to the FHA’s
prepayment experience on level payment, non-buydown loans are available in
inspect of graduated payment or buydown mortgages. Ginnie Mae certificates
related to a series of certificates may be held in book-entry form.
Fannie
Mae.
The
Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) is a federally chartered
and
privately owned corporation organized and existing under the Federal National
Mortgage Association Charter Act. Fannie Mae was originally established in
1938
as a United States government agency to provide supplemental liquidity to
the
mortgage market and was transformed into a stockholder-owned and privately
managed corporation by legislation enacted in 1968.
Fannie
Mae provides funds to the mortgage market primarily by purchasing mortgage
loans
from lenders. Fannie Mae acquires funds to purchase mortgage loans from many
capital market investors that may not ordinarily invest in mortgages. In
so
doing, it expands the total amount of funds available for housing. Operating
nationwide, Fannie Mae helps to redistribute mortgage funds from capital-surplus
to capital-short areas.
Fannie
Mae Certificates.
Fannie
Mae certificates are either guaranteed mortgage pass-through certificates
or
stripped mortgage-backed securities. The following discussion of Fannie Mae
certificates applies equally to both types of Fannie Mae certificates, except
as
otherwise indicated. Each Fannie Mae certificate to be included in the trust
fund for a series of securities will represent a fractional undivided interest
in a pool of mortgage loans formed by Fannie Mae. Each pool formed by Fannie
Mae
will consist of mortgage loans of one of the following types:
· |
fixed-rate
level installment conventional mortgage
loans,
|
· |
fixed-rate
level installment mortgage loans that are insured by FHA or partially
guaranteed by the VA,
|
· |
adjustable
rate conventional mortgage loans, or
|
· |
adjustable
rate mortgage loans that are insured by the FHA or partially guaranteed
by
the VA.
|
Each
mortgage loan must meet the applicable standards set forth under the Fannie
Mae
purchase program and will be secured by a first lien on a one- to four-family
residential property.
Each
Fannie Mae certificate will be issued pursuant to a trust indenture. Original
maturities of substantially all of the conventional, level payment mortgage
loans underlying a Fannie Mae certificate are expected to be between either
eight to 15 years or 20 to 40 years. The original maturities of substantially
all of the fixed rate level payment FHA loans or VA loans are expected to
be 30
years.
Mortgage
loans underlying a Fannie Mae certificate may have annual interest rates
that
vary by as much as two percentage points from one another. The rate of interest
payable on a Fannie Mae guaranteed mortgage-backed certificate and the series
pass-through rate payable with respect to a Fannie Mae stripped mortgage-backed
security is equal to the lowest interest rate of any mortgage loan in the
related pool, less a specified minimum annual percentage representing servicing
compensation and Fannie Mae’s guaranty fee. Under a regular servicing option
pursuant to which the mortgagee or other servicer assumes the entire risk
of
foreclosure losses, the annual interest rates on the mortgage loans underlying
a
Fannie Mae certificate will be between 50 basis points and 250 basis points
greater than the annual pass-through rate, in the case of a Fannie Mae
guaranteed mortgage-backed certificate, or the series pass-through rate in
the
case of a Fannie Mae stripped mortgage-backed security. Under a special
servicing option pursuant to which Fannie Mae assumes the entire risk for
foreclosure losses, the annual interest rates on the mortgage loans underlying
a
Fannie Mae certificate will generally be between 55 basis points and 255
basis
points greater than the annual pass-through rate, in the case of a Fannie
Mae
guaranteed mortgage-backed certificate, or the series pass-through rate in
the
case of a Fannie Mae stripped mortgage-backed security.
Fannie
Mae guarantees to each registered holder of a Fannie Mae certificate that
it
will distribute on a timely basis amounts representing the holder’s
proportionate share of scheduled principal and interest payments at the
applicable pass-through rate provided for by the Fannie Mae certificate on
the
underlying mortgage loans, whether or not received, and the holder’s
proportionate share of the full principal amount of any foreclosed or other
finally liquidated mortgage loan, whether or not the principal amount is
actually recovered. The obligations of Fannie Mae under its guarantees are
obligations solely of Fannie Mae and are not backed by, or entitled to, the
full
faith and credit of the United States. If Fannie Mae were unable to satisfy
its
obligations, distributions to holders of Fannie Mae certificates would consist
solely of payments and other recoveries on the underlying mortgage loans
and,
accordingly, monthly distributions to holders of Fannie Mae certificates
would
be affected by delinquent payments and defaults on those mortgage
loans.
Fannie
Mae stripped mortgage-backed securities are issued in series of two or more
classes, with each class representing a specified undivided fractional interest
in principal distributions and interest distributions, adjusted to the series
pass-through rate, on the underlying pool of mortgage loans. The fractional
interests of each class in principal and interest distributions are not
identical, but the classes in the aggregate represent 100% of the principal
distributions and interest distributions, adjusted to the series pass-through
rate, on the respective pool. Because of the difference between the fractional
interests in principal and interest of each class, the effective rate of
interest on the principal of each class of Fannie Mae stripped mortgage-backed
securities may be significantly higher or lower than the series pass-through
rate and/or the weighted average interest rate of the underlying mortgage
loans.
Unless
otherwise specified by Fannie Mae, Fannie Mae certificates evidencing interests
in pools of mortgages formed on or after May 1, 1985 will be available in
book-entry form only. Distributions of principal and interest on each Fannie
Mae
certificate will be made by Fannie Mae on the 25th day of each month to the
persons in whose name the Fannie Mae certificate is entered in the books
of the
Federal Reserve Banks, or registered on the Fannie Mae certificate register
in
the case of fully registered Fannie Mae certificates as of the close of business
on the last day of the preceding month. With respect to Fannie Mae certificates
issued in book-entry form, distributions on the Fannie Mae certificates will
be
made by wire, and with respect to fully registered Fannie Mae certificates,
distributions on the Fannie Mae certificates will be made by check.
Freddie
Mac.
The
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) is a shareholder-owned,
United States government-sponsored enterprise created pursuant to the Federal
Home loan Mortgage Corporation Act, Title III of the Emergency Home Finance
Act
of 1970, as amended. The common stock of Freddie Mac is owned by the Federal
Home loan Banks. Freddie Mac was established primarily for the purpose of
increasing the availability of mortgage credit for the financing of urgently
needed housing. It seeks to provide an enhanced degree of liquidity for
residential mortgage investments primarily by assisting in the development
of
secondary markets for conventional mortgages. The principal activity of Freddie
Mac currently consists of the purchase of first lien conventional mortgage
loans
FHA loans, VA loans or participation interests in those mortgage loans and
the
sale of the loans or participations so purchased in the form of mortgage
securities, primarily Freddie Mac certificates. Freddie Mac is confined to
purchasing, so far as practicable, mortgage loans that it deems to be of
the
quality, type and class which meet generally the purchase standards imposed
by
private institutional mortgage investors.
Freddie
Mac Certificates.
Each
Freddie Mac certificate included in a trust fund for a series will represent
an
undivided interest in a pool of mortgage loans that may consist of first
lien
conventional loans, FHA loans or VA loans. Freddie Mac certificates are sold
under the terms of a mortgage participation certificate agreement. A Freddie
Mac
certificate may be issued under either Freddie Mac’s Cash Program or Guarantor
Program. Typically, mortgage loans underlying the Freddie Mac certificates
held
by a trust fund will consist of mortgage loans with original terms to maturity
of from ten to 40 years. Each of those mortgage loans must meet the applicable
standards set forth in the law governing Freddie Mac. A Freddie Mac certificate
group may include whole loans, participation interests in whole loans and
undivided interests in whole loans and/or participations comprising another
Freddie Mac certificate group. Under the guarantor program, any Freddie Mac
certificate group may include only whole loans or participation interests
in
whole loans.
Freddie
Mac guarantees to each registered holder of a Freddie Mac certificate the
timely
payment of interest on the underlying mortgage loans to the extent of the
applicable certificate rate on the registered holder’s pro rata share of the
unpaid principal balance outstanding on the underlying mortgage loans in
the
Freddie Mac certificate group represented by a Freddie Mac certificate, whether
or not received. Freddie Mac also guarantees to each registered holder of
a
Freddie Mac certificate ultimate receipt by a holder of all principal on
the
underlying mortgage loans, without any offset or deduction, to the extent
of
that holder’s pro rata share. However, Freddie Mac does not guarantee, except if
and to the extent specified in the prospectus supplement for a series, the
timely payment of scheduled principal. Under Freddie Mac’s Gold PC Program,
Freddie Mac guarantees the timely payment of principal based on the difference
between the pool factor published in the month preceding the month of
distribution and the pool factor published in the related month of distribution.
Pursuant to its guarantees, Freddie Mac indemnifies holders of Freddie Mac
certificates against any diminution in principal by reason of charges for
property repairs, maintenance and foreclosure. Freddie Mac may remit the
amount
due on account of its guarantee of collection of principal at any time after
default on an underlying mortgage loan, but not later than (x) 30 days following
foreclosure sale, (y) 30 days following payment of the claim by any mortgage
insurer, or (z) 30 days following the expiration of any right of redemption,
whichever occurs later, but in any event no later than one year after demand
has
been made upon the mortgagor for accelerated payment of principal. In taking
actions regarding the collection of principal after default on the mortgage
loans underlying Freddie Mac certificates, including the timing of demand
for
acceleration, Freddie Mac reserves the right to exercise its judgment with
respect to the mortgage loans in the same manner as for mortgage loans which
it
has purchased but not sold. The length of time necessary for Freddie Mac
to
determine that a mortgage loan should be accelerated varies with the particular
circumstances of each borrower, and Freddie Mac has not adopted standards
which
require that the demand be made within any specified period.
Freddie
Mac certificates are not guaranteed by the United States or by any Federal
Home
loan Bank and do not constitute debts or obligations of the United States
or any
Federal Home loan Bank. The obligations of Freddie Mac under its guarantee
are
obligations solely of Freddie Mac and are not backed by, nor entitled to,
the
full faith and credit of the United States. If Freddie Mac were unable to
satisfy its obligations, distributions to holders of Freddie Mac certificates
would consist solely of payments and other recoveries on the underlying mortgage
loans and, accordingly, monthly distributions to holders of Freddie Mac
certificates would be affected by delinquent payments and defaults on those
mortgage loans.
Registered
holders of Freddie Mac certificates are entitled to receive their monthly
pro
rata share of all principal payments on the underlying mortgage loans received
by Freddie Mac, including any scheduled principal payments, full and partial
prepayments of principal and principal received by Freddie Mac by virtue
of
condemnation, insurance, liquidation or foreclosure, and repurchases of the
mortgage loans by Freddie Mac or by the party that sold the related mortgage
loans to Freddie Mac. Freddie Mac is required to remit each registered Freddie
Mac certificateholder’s pro rata share of principal payments on the underlying
mortgage loans, interest at the Freddie Mac pass-through rate and any other
sums
like prepayment fees, within 60 days of the date on which those payments
are
deemed to have been received by Freddie Mac.
Under
Freddie Mac’s Cash Program, with respect to pools formed prior to June 1, 1987,
there is no limitation on be amount by which interest rates on the mortgage
loans underlying a Freddie Mac certificate may exceed the pass-through rate
on
the Freddie Mac certificate. With respect to Freddie Mac certificates issued
on
or after June 1, 1987, the maximum interest rate on the mortgage loans
underlying the Freddie Mac certificates may exceed the pass-through rate
of the
Freddie Mac certificates by 50 to 100 basis points. Under that program, Freddie
Mac purchases group of whole mortgage loans from sellers at specified
percentages of their unpaid principal balances, adjusted for accrued or prepaid
interest, which when applied to the interest rate of the mortgage loans and
participations purchased, results in the yield expressed as a percentage
required by Freddie Mac. The required yield, which includes a minimum servicing
fee retained by the servicer, is calculated using the outstanding principal
balance. The range of interest rates on the mortgage loans and participations
in
a Freddie Mac certificate group under the Cash Program will vary since mortgage
loans and participations are purchased and assigned to a Freddie Mac certificate
group based upon their yield to Freddie Mac rather than on the interest rate
on
the underlying mortgage loans.
Under
Freddie Mac’s Guarantor Program, the pass-through rate on a Freddie Mac
certificate is established based upon the lowest interest rate on the underlying
mortgage loans, minus a minimum servicing fee and the amount of Freddie Mac’s
management and guaranty income as agreed upon between the sponsor and Freddie
Mac. For Freddie Mac certificate group formed under the Guarantor Program
with
certificate numbers beginning with 18-012, the range between the lowest and
the
highest annual interest rates on the mortgage loans in a Freddie Mac certificate
group may not exceed two percentage points.
Freddie
Mac certificates duly presented for registration of ownership on or before
the
last business day of a month are registered effective as of the first day
of the
month. The first remittance to a registered holder of a Freddie Mac certificate
will be distributed so as to be received normally by the 15th day of the
second
month following the month in which the purchaser became a registered holder
of
the Freddie Mac certificates. Subsequent remittances will be distributed
monthly
to the registered holder so as to be received normally by the 15th day of
each
month. The Federal Reserve Bank of New York maintains book-entry accounts
with
respect to Freddie Mac certificates sold by Freddie Mac on or after January
2,
1985, and makes payments of principal and interest each month to the registered
holders of Freddie Mac certificates in accordance with the holders’
instructions.
Stripped
Mortgage-Backed Securities.
Agency
Securities may consist of one or more stripped mortgage-backed securities,
each
as described in this prospectus and in the related prospectus supplement.
Each
Agency Security of this type will represent an undivided interest in all
or part
of either the principal distributions or the interest distributions, or in
some
specified portion of the principal and interest distributions, on particular
Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae, Ginnie Mae or other government agency or
government-sponsored agency certificates. The underlying securities will
be held
under a trust agreement by Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae, Ginnie Mae or another
government agency or government-sponsored agency, each as trustee, or by
another
trustee named in the related prospectus supplement. Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae,
Ginnie Mae or another government agency or government-sponsored agency will
guarantee each stripped agency security to the same extent as the applicable
entity guarantees the underlying securities backing the stripped Agency
Security.
Other
Agency Securities.
If
specified in the related prospectus supplement, a trust fund may include
other
mortgage pass-through certificates issued or guaranteed by Ginnie Mae, Fannie
Mae, Freddie Mac or other government agencies or government-sponsored agencies.
The characteristics of any other mortgage pass-through certificates issued
or
guaranteed by Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or other government agencies
or government-sponsored agencies will be described in that prospectus
supplement. If so specified, a combination of different types of Agency
Securities may be held in a trust fund.
Collection
and Distribution Accounts
A
separate collection account will be established by the trustee or the servicer,
as applicable, in the name of the trustee, for each series of securities
for
receipt of
· |
the
amount of any cash specified in the related prospectus supplement
to be
initially deposited by the depositor in the collection account,
|
· |
all
amounts received with respect to the primary assets of the related
trust
fund, and
|
· |
income
earned on the foregoing amounts.
|
As
provided in the related prospectus supplement, certain amounts on deposit
in the
collection account and certain amounts available under any credit enhancement
for the securities of that series will be deposited into the applicable
distribution account for distribution to the holders of the related securities.
The trustee or
the
securities administrator, as applicable, will
establish a separate distribution account for each series of securities.
The
trustee or the securities administrator, as applicable, will invest the funds
in
the collection account and the distribution account in eligible investments
including, among other investments, obligations of the United States and
certain
of its agencies, federal funds, certificates of deposit, commercial paper,
demand and time deposits and banker’s acceptances, certain repurchase agreements
of United States government securities and certain guaranteed investment
contracts, in each case acceptable to the rating agencies named in the
prospectus supplement. The
trustee or the party designated in the prospectus supplement will have sole
discretion to determine the particular investments made so long as it complies
with the investment terms of the related pooling and servicing agreement
or the
related servicing agreement and indenture.
With
certain exceptions, all such eligible investments must mature, in the case
of
funds in the collection account, not later than the day preceding the date
when
the funds are due to be deposited into the distribution account or otherwise
distributed and, in the case of funds in the distribution account, not later
than the day preceding the next distribution date for the related series
of
securities.
Notwithstanding
any of the foregoing, amounts may be deposited and withdrawn pursuant to
any
deposit agreement or minimum principal payment agreement that may be specified
in the related prospectus supplement.
If
specified in the related prospectus supplement, a trust fund will include
one or
more pre-funding accounts that are segregated trust accounts established
and
maintained with the trustee for the related series. If specified in the
prospectus supplement, a portion of the proceeds of the sale of the securities
equal to the pre-funded amount will be deposited into the pre-funding account
on
the closing date and may be used to purchase additional primary assets during
the pre-funding period specified in the prospectus supplement. In no case
will
the pre-funded amount exceed 50% of the proceeds of the offering of the related
securities, and in no case will the pre-funding period exceed one year.
Additional restrictions may be imposed on pre-funding by ERISA or the REMIC
provisions under the Code, which require, among other things, that the
pre-funding period end no later than 90 days after the closing date. See
“Material Federal Income Tax Considerations—Taxation of the REMIC” and “ERISA
Considerations” in this prospectus. The primary assets to be purchased generally
will be selected on the basis of the same criteria as those used to select
the
initial primary assets of the trust fund, and the same representations and
warranties will be made with respect to them. If any pre-funded amount remains
on deposit in the pre-funding account at the end of the pre-funding period,
the
remaining amount will be applied in the manner specified in the related
prospectus supplement to prepay the notes and/or the certificates of that
series.
If
a
pre-funding account is established, one or more capitalized interest accounts
that are segregated trust accounts may be established and maintained with
the
trustee for the related series. On the closing date for the series, a portion
of
the proceeds of the sale of the related securities will be deposited into
the
capitalized interest account and used to fund the excess, if any,
of
· |
the
amount of interest accrued on the securities of the series,
and
|
· |
if
specified in the related prospectus supplement, certain fees or
expenses
during the pre-funding period,
|
over
· |
the
amount of interest available from the primary assets in the trust
fund.
|
Any
amounts on deposit in the capitalized interest account at the end of the
pre-funding period that are not necessary for these purposes will be distributed
to the person specified in the related prospectus supplement.
Credit
Enhancement
If
so
provided in the prospectus supplement relating to a series of securities,
simultaneously with the depositor’s assignment of the primary assets to the
trustee, the depositor will obtain from an institution or by other means
acceptable to the rating agencies named in the prospectus supplement one
or more
types of credit enhancement in favor of the trustee on behalf of the holders
of
the related series or designated classes of the series. The credit enhancement
will support the payment of principal of and interest on the securities,
and may
be applied for certain other purposes to the extent and under the conditions
set
forth in the prospectus supplement. Credit enhancement for a series may include
one or more of the forms described below. If so specified in the related
prospectus supplement, the credit enhancement may be structured so as to
protect
against losses relating to more than one trust fund.
Subordinated
Securities
If
specified in the related prospectus supplement, credit enhancement for a
series
may consist of one or more classes of subordinated securities. The rights
of the
holders of subordinated securities to receive distributions on any distribution
date will be subordinate in right and priority to the rights of holders of
senior securities of the same series, but only to the extent described in
the
related prospectus supplement.
Insurance
Policies, Surety Bonds and Guaranties
If
so
provided in the prospectus supplement for a series of securities, deficiencies
in amounts otherwise payable on the securities or on specified classes will
be
covered by insurance policies and/or surety bonds provided by one or more
insurance companies or sureties. Those instruments may cover, with respect
to
one or more classes of securities of the related series, timely distributions
of
interest and/or full distributions of principal on the basis of a schedule
of
principal distributions set forth in or determined in the manner specified
in
the related prospectus supplement. In addition, if specified in the related
prospectus supplement, a trust fund may also include bankruptcy bonds, special
hazard insurance policies, other insurance or guaranties for the purpose
of:
· |
maintaining
timely payments or providing additional protection against losses
on the
trust fund assets;
|
· |
paying
administrative expenses; or
|
· |
establishing
a minimum reinvestment rate on the payments made in respect of
those
assets or principal payment rate on those assets.
|
Arrangements
may include agreements under which securityholders are entitled to receive
amounts deposited in various accounts held by the trustee upon the terms
specified in the related prospectus supplement. A copy of any arrangement
instrument for a series will be filed with the SEC as an exhibit to a Current
Report on Form 8-K to be filed with the SEC following issuance of the securities
of the related series.
Overcollateralization
If
so
provided in the prospectus supplement for a series of securities, a portion
of
the interest payment on each loan included in the trust fund may be applied
as
an additional distribution in respect of principal to reduce the principal
balance of a class or classes of securities and, thus, accelerate the rate
of
payment of principal on that class or those classes of securities.
Other
Insurance Policies
If
specified in the related prospectus supplement, credit enhancement for a
series
may consist of pool insurance policies, special hazard insurance policies,
bankruptcy bonds and other types of insurance relating to the primary assets,
as
described below and in the related prospectus supplement.
Pool
Insurance Policy.
If so
specified in the related prospectus supplement, the depositor will obtain
a pool
insurance policy for the loans in the related trust fund. The pool insurance
policy will cover any loss (subject to the limitations described in the
prospectus supplement) by reason of default, but will not cover the portion
of
the principal balance of any loan that is required to be covered by any primary
mortgage insurance policy. The amount and terms of any pool insurance coverage
will be set forth in the related prospectus supplement.
Special
Hazard Insurance Policy.
Although the terms of such policies vary to some degree, a special hazard
insurance policy typically provides that, where there has been damage to
property securing a defaulted or foreclosed loan (title to which has been
acquired by the insured) and to the extent the damage is not covered by a
standard hazard insurance policy (or any flood insurance policy, if applicable)
required to be maintained with respect to the property, or in connection
with
partial loss resulting from the application of the coinsurance clause in
a
standard hazard insurance policy, the special hazard insurer will pay the
lesser
of
· |
the
cost of repair or replacement of the property,
and
|
· |
upon
transfer of the property to the special hazard insurer, the unpaid
principal balance of the loan at the time of acquisition of the
property
by foreclosure or deed in lieu of foreclosure, plus accrued interest
to
the date of claim settlement and certain expenses incurred by the
servicer
with respect to the property.
|
If
the
unpaid principal balance of the loan plus accrued interest and certain expenses
is paid by the special hazard insurer, the amount of further coverage under
the
special hazard insurance policy will be reduced by that amount less any net
proceeds from the sale of the related property. Any amount paid as the cost
of
repair of the property will reduce coverage by that amount. Special hazard
insurance policies typically do not cover losses occasioned by war, civil
insurrection, certain governmental actions, errors in design, faulty workmanship
or materials (except under certain circumstances), nuclear reaction, flood
(if
the mortgaged property is in a federally designated flood area), chemical
contamination and certain other risks.
Restoration
of the property with the proceeds described in the first bullet of the second
previous paragraph is expected to satisfy the condition under any pool insurance
policy that the property be restored before a claim under the pool insurance
policy may be validly presented with respect to the defaulted loan secured
by
the property. The payment described in the second bullet of the second previous
paragraph will render unnecessary presentation of a claim in respect of the
loan
under any pool insurance policy. Therefore, so long as a pool insurance policy
remains in effect, the payment by the special hazard insurer of the cost
of
repair or of the unpaid principal balance of the related loan plus accrued
interest and certain expenses will not affect the total amount in respect
of
insurance proceeds paid to holders of the securities, but will affect the
relative amounts of coverage remaining under the special hazard insurance
policy
and pool insurance policy.
Bankruptcy
Bond.
In the
event of a bankruptcy of a borrower, the bankruptcy court may establish the
value of the property securing the related loan at an amount less than the
then-outstanding principal balance of the loan. The amount of the secured
debt
could be reduced to that value, and the holder of the loan thus would become an
unsecured creditor to the extent the principal balance of the loan exceeds
the
value assigned to the property by the bankruptcy court. In addition, certain
other modifications of the terms of a loan can result from a bankruptcy
proceeding. See “Material Legal Aspects of the Loans” in this prospectus. If the
related prospectus supplement so provides, the depositor or other entity
specified in the prospectus supplement will obtain a bankruptcy bond or similar
insurance contract covering losses resulting from proceedings with respect
to
borrowers under the Federal Bankruptcy Code. The bankruptcy bond will cover
certain losses resulting from a reduction by a bankruptcy court of scheduled
payments of principal of and interest on a loan or a reduction by the court
of
the principal amount of a loan and will cover certain unpaid interest on
the
amount of any principal reduction from the date of the filing of a bankruptcy
petition.
The
bankruptcy bond will provide coverage in the aggregate amount specified in
the
prospectus supplement for all loans in the trust fund for the related series.
The amount will be reduced by payments made under the bankruptcy bond in
respect
of the loans and will not be restored.
Reserve
Funds
If
the
prospectus supplement relating to a series of securities so specifies, the
depositor will deposit into one or more reserve funds cash, a letter or letters
of credit, cash collateral accounts, eligible investments, or other instruments
meeting the criteria of the rating agencies in the amount specified in the
prospectus supplement. Each reserve fund will be established by the trustee
or
the securities administrator, as applicable, as part of the trust fund for
that
series or for the benefit of the credit enhancement provider for that series.
In
the alternative or in addition to the initial deposit by the depositor, a
reserve fund for a series may be funded over time through application of
all or
a portion of the excess cash flow from the primary assets for the series,
to the
extent described in the related prospectus supplement. If applicable, the
initial amount of the reserve fund and the reserve fund maintenance requirements
for a series of securities will be described in the related prospectus
supplement.
Amounts
withdrawn from any reserve fund will be applied by the trustee or the securities
administrator, as applicable, to make payments on the securities of the related
series, to pay expenses, to reimburse any credit enhancement provider for
the
series or for any other purpose, in the manner and to the extent specified
in
the related prospectus supplement.
Amounts
deposited into a reserve fund will be invested by the trustee or the securities
administrator, as applicable, in eligible investments maturing no later than
the
day specified in the related prospectus supplement.
Cross-Collateralization
If
specified in the related prospectus supplement, the beneficial ownership
of
separate groups of assets included in a trust fund may be evidenced by separate
classes of the related series of securities. In that case, credit support
may be
provided by a cross-collateralization feature which requires that distributions
be made with respect to securities evidencing a beneficial ownership interest
in, or secured by, one or more asset groups within the same trust fund prior
to
distributions to subordinated securities evidencing a beneficial ownership
interest in, or secured by, one or more other asset groups within that trust
fund. Cross-collateralization may be provided by
· |
the
allocation of a portion of excess amounts generated by one or more
asset
groups within the same trust fund to one or more other asset groups
within
the same trust fund, or
|
· |
the
allocation of losses with respect to one or more asset groups to
one or
more other asset groups within the same trust fund.
|
Excess
amounts will be applied and/or losses will be allocated to the class or classes
of subordinated securities of the related series then outstanding having
the
lowest rating assigned by any rating agency or the lowest payment priority,
in
each case to the extent and in the manner more specifically described in
the
related prospectus supplement. The prospectus supplement for a series which
includes a cross-collateralization feature will describe the manner and
conditions for applying the cross-collateralization feature.
If
specified in the related prospectus supplement, the coverage provided by
one or
more forms of credit support may apply concurrently to two or more related
trust
funds. If applicable, the related prospectus supplement will identify the
trust
funds to which credit support relates and the manner of determining the amount
of coverage the credit support provides to the identified trust
funds.
Minimum
Principal Payment Agreement
If
provided in the prospectus supplement relating to a series of securities,
the
depositor will enter into a minimum principal payment agreement with an entity
meeting the criteria of the rating agencies named in the prospectus supplement
under which the entity will provide certain payments on the securities of
the
series in the event that aggregate scheduled principal payments and/or
prepayments on the primary assets for the series are not sufficient to make
payments on the securities of the series as provided in the prospectus
supplement.
Deposit
Agreement
If
specified in a prospectus supplement, the depositor and the trustee for a
series
of securities will enter into a deposit agreement with the entity specified
in
the prospectus supplement on or before the sale of the related series of
securities. The deposit agreement is intended to accumulate available cash
for
investment so that the cash, together with income thereon, can be applied
to
future distributions on one or more classes of securities. The related
prospectus supplement will describe the terms of any deposit
agreement.
Financial
Instruments
If
provided in the related prospectus supplement, the trust fund may include
one or
more financial instruments that are intended to meet the following
goals:
· |
to
convert the payments on some or all of the loans and Private Label
Securities from fixed to floating payments, or from floating to
fixed, or
from floating based on a particular index to floating based on
another
index;
|
· |
to
provide payments if any index rises above or falls below specified
levels
(all indices that apply to pool assets with adjustable rates will
be
indices “that are of a type that are customarily used in the debt and
fixed income markets to measure the cost of borrowed funds);
or
|
· |
to
provide protection against interest rate changes, certain types
of losses
or other payment shortfalls to one or more classes of the related
series.
|
If
a
trust fund includes financial instruments of this type, the instruments may
be
structured to be exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities
Act
of 1933, as amended.
The
trust
fund may include one or more derivative instruments, as described in this
section. All derivative instruments included in any trust fund will be used
only
in a manner that reduces or alters risk resulting from the mortgage loans
or
other assets in the pool, and only in a manner such that the return on the
offered securities will be based primarily on the performance of the mortgage
loans or other assets in the pool. Derivative instruments may include 1)
interest rate swaps (or caps, floors and collars) and yield supplement
agreements as described below, 2) currency swaps and 3) market value swaps
that
are referenced to the value of one or more of the mortgage loans or other
assets
included in the trust fund or to a class of offered securities.
An
interest rate swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange a stream
of
interest payments on an agreed hypothetical or “notional” principal amount. No
principal amount is exchanged between the counterparties to an interest rate
swap. In a typical swap, one party agrees to pay a fixed rate on a notional
principal amount, while the counterparty pays a floating rate based on one
or
more reference interest rates including the London Interbank Offered Rate,
or
LIBOR, a specified bank’s prime rate or U.S. Treasury Bill rates. Interest rate
swaps also permit counterparties to exchange a floating rate obligation based
upon one reference interest rate, such as LIBOR, for a floating rate obligation
based upon another referenced interest rate, such as U.S. Treasury Bill rates.
An interest rate cap, collar or floor is an agreement where the counterparty
agrees to make payments representing interest on a notional principal amount
when a specified reference interest rate is above a strike rate, outside
of a
range of strike rates, or below a strike rate as specified in the agreement,
generally in exchange for a fixed amount paid to the counterparty at the
time
the agreement is entered into. A yield supplement agreement is a type of
cap
agreement, and is substantially similar to a cap agreement as described
above.
The
trustee, supplemental interest trustee or securities administrator, as
applicable, on behalf of a trust fund may enter into interest rate swaps,
caps,
floors and collars, or yield supplement agreements, to minimize the risk
to
securityholders from adverse changes in interest rates or to provide
supplemental credit support. Cap agreements and yield supplement agreements
may
be entered into to supplement the interest rate or other rates available
to make
interest payments on one or more classes of the securities of any
series.
A
market
value swap might be used in a structure where the pooled assets are hybrid
ARMs,
or mortgage loans that provide for a fixed rate period and then convert by
their
terms to adjustable rate loans. Such a structure will only provide that at
a
specified date near the end of the fixed rate period, the investors must
tender
their securities to the trustee who will then transfer the securities to
other
investors in a mandatory auction procedure. A market value swap will only
be
used in conjunction with a mandatory auction procedure. The market value
swap
would ensure that the original investors would receive at least par at the
time
of tender, by covering any shortfall between par and the then current market
value of their securities.
Any
derivative contracts will be documented based upon the standard forms provided
by the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, or ISDA. These forms
generally consist of an ISDA master agreement, a schedule to the master
agreement, and a confirmation, although in some cases the schedule and
confirmation will be combined in a single document and the standard ISDA
master
agreement will be incorporated therein by reference. Standard ISDA definitions
also will be incorporated by reference. Each confirmation will provide for
payments to be made by the derivative counterparty to the trust, and in some
cases by the trust to the derivative counterparty, generally based upon
specified notional amounts and upon differences between specified interest
rates
or values. For example, the confirmation for an interest rate cap agreement
will
contain a schedule of fixed interest rates, generally referred to as strike
rates, and a schedule of notional amounts, for each distribution date during
the
term of the interest rate cap agreement. The confirmation also will specify
a
reference rate, generally a floating or adjustable interest rate, and will
provide that payments will be made by the derivative counterparty to the
trust
on each distribution date, based on the notional amount for that distribution
date and the excess, if any, of the specified reference rate over the strike
rate for that distribution date.
In
the
event of the withdrawal of the credit rating of a derivative counterparty
or the
downgrade of such credit rating below levels specified in the derivative
contract (where the derivative contract is relevant to the ratings of the
offered securities, such levels generally are set by the rating agencies
rating
the offered securities), the derivative counterparty may be required to post
collateral for the performance of its obligations under the derivative contract,
or to take certain other measures intended to assure performance of those
obligations. Posting of collateral will be documented using the ISDA Credit
Support Annex.
There
can
be no assurance that the trustee will be able to enter into derivatives at
any
specific time or at prices or on other terms that are advantageous. In addition,
although the terms of the derivatives may provide for termination under various
circumstances, there can be no assurance that the trustee will be able to
terminate a derivative when it would be economically advantageous to the
trust
fund to do so.
Static
Pool Information
For
each
mortgage pool discussed above, the depositor will provide static pool
information with respect to the experience of the sponsor, or other appropriate
entity, in securitizing asset pools of the same type to the extent
material.
With
respect to each series of securities, the information referred to in this
section will be provided through an internet web site at the address disclosed
in the related prospectus supplement.
Servicing
of Loans
General
Under
the
pooling and servicing agreement or the servicing agreement for a series of
securities, the servicer will provide customary servicing functions with
respect
to the loans comprising the primary assets of the related trust
fund.
Collection
Procedures; Escrow Accounts
The
servicer will make reasonable efforts to collect all payments required to
be
made under the loans and will, consistent with the terms of the related
governing agreement for a series and any applicable credit enhancement, follow
such collection procedures as it follows with respect to comparable loans
held
in its own portfolio. Consistent with the above, the servicer has the discretion
to
· |
waive
any assumption fee, late payment charge, or other charge in connection
with a loan, and
|
· |
to
the extent provided in the related agreement, arrange with a borrower
a
schedule for the liquidation of delinquencies by extending the
due dates
for scheduled payments on the loan.
|
If
the
related prospectus supplement so provides, the servicer, to the extent permitted
by law, will establish and maintain escrow or impound accounts with respect
to
loans in which borrower payments for taxes, assessments, mortgage and hazard
insurance policy premiums and other comparable items will be deposited. In
the
case of loans that do not require such payments under the related loan
documents, the servicer will not be required to establish any escrow or impound
account for those loans. The servicer will make withdrawals from the escrow
accounts to effect timely payment of taxes, assessments and mortgage and
hazard
insurance, to refund to borrowers amounts determined to be overages, to pay
interest to borrowers on balances in the escrow accounts to the extent required
by law, to repair or otherwise protect the related property and to clear
and
terminate the escrow accounts. The servicer will be responsible for the
administration of the escrow accounts and generally will make advances to
the
escrow accounts when a deficiency exists.
Deposits
to and Withdrawals from the Collection Account
Unless
the related prospectus supplement specifies otherwise, the trustee or the
servicer will establish a separate collection account in the name of the
trustee. Unless the related prospectus supplement provides otherwise, the
collection account will be
· |
an
account maintained at a depository institution, the long-term unsecured
debt obligations of which at the time of any deposit are rated
by each
rating agency named in the prospectus supplement at levels satisfactory
to
the rating agency; or
|
· |
an
account the deposits in which are insured to the maximum extent
available
by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or an account secured
in a
manner meeting requirements established by each rating agency named
in the
prospectus supplement.
|
The
funds
held in the collection account may be invested in eligible investments. If
so
specified in the related prospectus supplement, the servicer will be entitled
to
receive as additional compensation any interest or other income earned on
funds
in the collection account.
The
servicer, the depositor, the trustee, the sponsor or any additional seller,
as
applicable, will deposit into the collection account for each series, on
the
business day following the closing date, all scheduled payments of principal
and
interest on the primary assets due after the related cut-off date but received
by the servicer on or before the closing date, and thereafter, within two
business days after the date of receipt thereof, the following payments and
collections received or made by the servicer (other than, unless otherwise
provided in the related prospectus supplement, in respect of principal of
and
interest on the related primary assets due on or before the cut-off date):
· |
all
payments in respect of principal, including prepayments, on the
primary
assets;
|
· |
all
payments in respect of interest on the primary assets after deducting,
at
the discretion of the servicer (but only to the extent of the amount
permitted to be withdrawn or withheld from the collection account
in
accordance with the related agreement), related servicing fees
payable to
the servicer;
|
· |
all
Liquidation Proceeds after deducting, at the discretion of the
servicer
(but only to the extent of the amount permitted to be withdrawn
from the
collection account in accordance with the related agreement), the
servicing fee, if any, in respect of the related primary
asset;
|
· |
all
Insurance Proceeds;
|
· |
all
amounts required to be deposited into the collection account from
any
reserve fund for the series pursuant to the related
agreement;
|
· |
all
advances of cash made by the servicer in respect of delinquent
scheduled
payments on a loan and for any other purpose as required pursuant
to the
related agreement; and
|
· |
all
repurchase prices of any primary assets repurchased by the depositor,
the
servicer, the sponsor or any additional seller pursuant to the
related
agreement.
|
The
servicer is permitted, from time to time, to make withdrawals from the
collection account for each series for the following purposes:
· |
to
reimburse itself for advances that it made in connection with that
series
under the related agreement; provided that the servicer’s right to
reimburse itself is limited to amounts received on or in respect
of
particular loans (including, for this purpose, Liquidation Proceeds
and
proceeds of insurance policies covering the related loans and Mortgaged
Properties (“Insurance Proceeds”)) that represent late recoveries of
scheduled payments with respect to which the Advance was
made;
|
· |
to
the extent provided in the related agreement, to reimburse itself
for any
advances that it made in connection with the series which the servicer
determines in good faith to be nonrecoverable from amounts representing
late recoveries of scheduled payments respecting which the advance
was
made or from Liquidation Proceeds or Insurance
Proceeds;
|
· |
to
reimburse itself from Liquidation Proceeds for liquidation expenses
and
for amounts expended by it in good faith in connection with the
restoration of damaged property and, in the event deposited into
the
collection account and not previously withheld, and to the extent
that
Liquidation Proceeds after such reimbursement exceed the principal
balance
of the related loan, together with accrued and unpaid interest
thereon to
the due date for the loan next succeeding the date of its receipt
of the
Liquidation Proceeds, to pay to itself out of the excess the amount
of any
unpaid servicing fee and any assumption fees, late payment charges,
or
other charges on the related loan;
|
· |
in
the event the servicer has elected not to pay itself the servicing
fee out
of the interest component of any scheduled payment, late payment
or other
recovery with respect to a particular loan prior to the deposit
of the
scheduled payment, late payment or recovery into the collection
account,
to pay to itself the servicing fee, as adjusted pursuant to the
related
agreement, from any scheduled payment, late payment or other recovery
to
the extent permitted by the related
agreement;
|
· |
to
reimburse itself for expenses incurred by and recoverable by or
reimbursable to it pursuant to the related
agreement;
|
· |
to
pay to the applicable person with respect to each primary asset
or related
real property that has been repurchased or removed from the trust
fund by
the depositor, the servicer, the sponsor or any additional seller
pursuant
to the related agreement, all amounts received thereon and not
distributed
as of the date on which the related repurchase price was
determined;
|
· |
to
make payments to the trustee or the securities administrator, as
applicable, of the series for deposit into the related distribution
account or for remittance to the holders of the series in the amounts
and
in the manner provided for in the related agreement;
and
|
· |
to
clear and terminate the collection account pursuant to the related
agreement
|
In
addition, if the servicer deposits into the collection account for a series
any
amount not required to be deposited therein, the servicer may, at any time,
withdraw the amount from the collection account.
Advances
and Limitations on Advances
The
related prospectus supplement will describe the circumstances, if any, under
which the servicer will make advances with respect to delinquent payments
on
loans. If specified in the related prospectus supplement, the servicer will
be
obligated to make advances. Its obligation to make advances may be limited
in
amount, or may not be activated until a certain portion of a specified reserve
fund is depleted. Advances are intended to provide liquidity and, except
to the
extent specified in the related prospectus supplement, not to guarantee or
insure against losses. Accordingly, any funds advanced are recoverable by
the
servicer out of amounts received on particular loans that represent late
recoveries of scheduled payments, Insurance Proceeds or Liquidation Proceeds
respecting which an advance was made. If an advance is made and subsequently
determined to be nonrecoverable from late collections, Insurance Proceeds
or
Liquidation Proceeds from the related loan, the servicer may be entitled
to
reimbursement from other funds in the collection account or distribution
account(s), as the case may be, or from a specified reserve fund, as applicable,
to the extent specified in the related prospectus supplement.
Maintenance
of Insurance Policies and Other Servicing Procedures
Standard
Hazard Insurance; Flood Insurance.
The
servicer will be required to maintain (or to cause the borrower under each
loan
to maintain) a standard hazard insurance policy providing the standard form
of
fire insurance coverage with extended coverage for certain other hazards
as is
customary in the state in which the related property is located. The standard
hazard insurance policies will provide for coverage at least equal to the
applicable state standard form of fire insurance policy with extended coverage
for property of the type securing the related loans. In general, the standard
form of fire and extended coverage policy will cover physical damage to,
or
destruction of, the related property caused by fire, lightning, explosion,
smoke, windstorm, hail, riot, strike and civil commotion, subject to the
conditions and exclusions in each policy. Because the standard hazard insurance
policies relating to the loans will be underwritten by different hazard insurers
and will cover properties located in various states, the policies will not
contain identical terms and conditions. The basic terms, however, generally
will
be determined by state law and generally will be similar. Most such policies
typically will not cover any physical damage resulting from war, revolution,
governmental actions, floods and other water-related causes, earth movement
(including earthquakes, landslides and mudflows), nuclear reaction, wet or
dry
rot, vermin, rodents, insects or domestic animals, theft and, in certain
cases,
vandalism. The foregoing list is merely indicative of certain kinds of uninsured
risks and is not intended to be all inclusive. Uninsured risks not covered
by a
special hazard insurance policy or other form of credit enhancement will
adversely affect distributions to holders. When a property securing a loan
is
located in a flood area identified by HUD pursuant to the Flood Disaster
Protection Act of 1973, as amended, the servicer will be required to cause
flood
insurance to be maintained with respect to the property, to the extent
available.
The
standard hazard insurance policies covering properties typically will contain
a
“coinsurance” clause, which in effect will require that the insured at all times
carry hazard insurance of a specified percentage (generally 80% to 90%) of
the
full replacement value of the property, including any improvements on the
property, in order to recover the full amount of any partial loss. If the
insured’s coverage falls below this specified percentage, the coinsurance clause
will provide that the hazard insurer’s liability in the event of partial loss
will not exceed the greater of
· |
the
actual cash value (i.e.,
replacement cost less physical depreciation) of the property, including
the improvements, if any, damaged or destroyed,
and
|
· |
such
proportion of the loss, without deduction for depreciation, as
the amount
of insurance carried bears to the specified percentage of the full
replacement cost of the property and
improvements.
|
Since
the
amount of hazard insurance to be maintained on the improvements securing
the
loans declines as their principal balances decrease, and since the value
of the
properties will fluctuate over time, the effect of this requirement in the
event
of partial loss may be that hazard insurance proceeds will be insufficient
to
restore fully the damage to the affected property.
Coverage
will be in an amount at least equal to the greater of
· |
the
amount necessary to avoid the enforcement of any co-insurance clause
contained in the policy, and
|
· |
the
outstanding principal balance of the related
loan.
|
The
servicer will also typically maintain on REO property a standard hazard
insurance policy in an amount that is at least equal to the maximum insurable
value of the REO property. No earthquake or other additional insurance will
be
required of any borrower or will be maintained on REO property other than
pursuant to such applicable laws and regulations as shall at any time be
in
force and shall require the additional insurance.
Any
amounts collected by the servicer under insurance policies (other than amounts
to be applied to the restoration or repair of the property, released to the
borrower in accordance with normal servicing procedures or used to reimburse
the
servicer for amounts to which it is entitled to reimbursement) will be deposited
into the collection account. In the event that the servicer obtains and
maintains a blanket policy insuring against hazard losses on all of the loans,
written by an insurer then acceptable to each rating agency named in the
prospectus supplement, it will conclusively be deemed to have satisfied its
obligations to cause to be maintained a standard hazard insurance policy
for
each loan or related REO property. This blanket policy may contain a deductible
clause, in which case the servicer will be required, in the event that there
has
been a loss that would have been covered by the policy absent the deductible
clause, to deposit into the collection account the amount not otherwise payable
under the blanket policy because of the application of the deductible
clause.
Realization
upon Defaulted Loans
The
servicer will use its reasonable best efforts to foreclose upon, repossess
or
otherwise comparably convert the ownership of the properties securing the
related loans that come into and continue in default and as to which no
satisfactory arrangements can be made for collection of delinquent payments.
In
this connection, the servicer will follow such practices and procedures as
it
deems necessary or advisable and as are normal and usual in its servicing
activities with respect to comparable loans that it services. However, the
servicer will not be required to expend its own funds in connection with
any
foreclosure or towards the restoration of the property unless it determines
that
· |
the
restoration or foreclosure will increase the Liquidation Proceeds
of the
related loan available to the holders after reimbursement to itself
for
its expenses, and
|
· |
its
expenses will be recoverable either through Liquidation Proceeds
or
Insurance Proceeds.
|
However,
in the case of a trust fund for which a REMIC election has been made, the
servicer will be required to liquidate any REO property by the end of the
third
calendar year after the trust fund acquires beneficial ownership of the REO
property. While the holder of an REO property can often maximize its recovery
by
providing financing to a new purchaser, the trust fund will have no ability
to
do so and neither the servicer nor the depositor will be required to do
so.
The
servicer may arrange with the borrower on a defaulted loan a change in the
terms
of the loan to the extent provided in the related prospectus supplement.
This
type of modification may only be entered into if it meets the underwriting
policies and procedures employed by the servicer in servicing receivables
for
its own account and meets the other conditions set forth in the related
prospectus supplement.
Enforcement
of Due-on-Sale Clauses
When
any
property is about to be conveyed by the borrower, the servicer will typically,
to the extent it has knowledge of the prospective conveyance and prior to
the
time of the consummation of the conveyance, exercise its rights to accelerate
the maturity of the related loan under any applicable “due-on-sale” clause,
unless it reasonably believes that the clause is not enforceable under
applicable law or if enforcement of the clause would result in loss of coverage
under any primary mortgage insurance policy. In that event, the servicer
is
authorized to accept from or enter into an assumption agreement with the
person
to whom the property has been or is about to be conveyed. Under the assumption,
the transferee of the property becomes liable under the loan and the original
borrower is released from liability and the transferee is substituted as
the
borrower and becomes liable under the loan. Any fee collected in connection
with
an assumption will be retained by the servicer as additional servicing
compensation. The terms of a loan may not be changed in connection with an
assumption.
Servicing
Compensation and Payment of Expenses
The
servicer will be entitled to a periodic servicing fee in an amount to be
determined as specified in the related prospectus supplement. The servicing
fee
may be fixed or variable, as specified in the related prospectus supplement.
In
addition, the servicer may also be entitled to additional servicing compensation
in the form of assumption fees, late payment charges and similar items, and
excess proceeds following disposition of property in connection with defaulted
loans.
The
servicer may also pay certain expenses incurred in connection with the servicing
of the loans, including, without limitation, the payment of the fees and
expenses of each trustee and independent accountants, payment of security
policy
and insurance policy premiums, if applicable, and the cost of any credit
enhancement, and payment of expenses incurred in preparation of reports to
holders.
When
a
borrower makes a principal prepayment in full between due dates on the related
loan, the borrower generally will be required to pay interest on the amount
prepaid only to the date of prepayment. If and to the extent provided in
the
related prospectus supplement, in order that one or more classes of the
securities of a series will not be adversely affected by any resulting shortfall
in interest, the amount of the servicing fee may be reduced to the extent
necessary to include in the servicer’s remittance to the applicable trustee for
deposit into the related distribution account an amount equal to one month’s
interest on the related loan (less the servicing fee). If the total amount
of
these shortfalls in a month exceeds the servicing fee for that month, a
shortfall to holders may occur.
The
servicer will be entitled to reimbursement for certain expenses that it incurs
in connection with the liquidation of defaulted loans. The related holders
will
suffer no loss by reason of the servicer’s expenses to the extent the expenses
are covered under related insurance policies or from excess Liquidation
Proceeds. If claims are either not made or paid under the applicable insurance
policies or if coverage under the policies has been exhausted, the related
holders will suffer a loss to the extent that Liquidation Proceeds, after
reimbursement of the servicer’s expenses, are less than the principal balance of
and unpaid interest on the related loan that would be distributable to holders.
In addition, the servicer will be entitled to reimbursement of its expenses
in
connection with the restoration of REO property. This right of reimbursement
is
prior to the rights of the holders to receive any related Insurance Proceeds,
Liquidation Proceeds or amounts derived from other credit enhancement. The
servicer generally is also entitled to reimbursement from the collection
account
for advances.
The
rights of the servicer to receive funds from the collection account for a
series, whether as the servicing fee or other compensation, or for the
reimbursement of advances, expenses or otherwise, are not subordinate to
the
rights of holders of securities of the series.
Certain
Matters Regarding the Servicer
The
servicer for each series will be identified in the related prospectus
supplement. The servicer may be an affiliate of the depositor and may have
other
business relationships with the depositor and its affiliates.
If
an
event of default occurs under either a servicing agreement or a pooling and
servicing agreement, the servicer may be replaced by the trustee or a successor
servicer. The events of default and the rights of a trustee upon a default
under
the agreement for the related series will be substantially similar to those
described under “The Agreements—Events of Default; Rights upon Event of
Default—Pooling and Servicing Agreement; Servicing Agreement” in this
prospectus.
The
servicer does not have the right to assign its rights and delegate its duties
and obligations under the related agreement unless the successor servicer
accepting such assignment or delegation
· |
services
similar loans in the ordinary course of its business;
|
· |
is
reasonably satisfactory to the
trustee;
|
· |
has
a net worth of not less than the amount specified in the prospectus
supplement;
|
· |
would
not cause the rating of the related securities by a rating agency
named in
the prospectus supplement, as such rating is in effect immediately
prior
to the assignment, sale or transfer, to be qualified, downgraded
or
withdrawn as a result of the assignment, sale or transfer; and
|
· |
executes
and delivers to the trustee an agreement, in form and substance
reasonably
satisfactory to the trustee, that contains an assumption by the
successor
servicer of the due and punctual performance and observance of
each
covenant and condition required to be performed or observed by
the
servicer under the agreement from and after the date of the agreement.
|
No
assignment will become effective until the trustee or a successor servicer
has
assumed the servicer’s obligations and duties under the related agreement. To
the extent that the servicer transfers its obligations to a wholly-owned
subsidiary or affiliate, the subsidiary or affiliate need not satisfy the
criteria set forth above. In this instance, however, the assigning servicer
will
remain liable for the servicing obligations under the agreement. Any entity
into
which the servicer is merged or consolidated or any successor corporation
resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation will succeed to the
servicer’s obligations under the agreement provided that the successor or
surviving entity meets the requirements for a successor servicer set forth
above.
Except
to
the extent otherwise provided in the related prospectus supplement or pooling
and servicing agreement, each agreement will provide that neither the servicer
nor any director, officer, employee or agent of the servicer will be under
any
liability to the related trust fund, the depositor or the holders for any
action
taken or for failing to take any action in good faith pursuant to the related
agreement, or for errors in judgment. However, neither the servicer nor any
such
person will be protected against any breach of warranty or representations
made
under the agreement, or the failure to perform its obligations in compliance
with any standard of care set forth in the agreement, or liability that would
otherwise be imposed by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith or negligence
in the performance of their duties or by reason of reckless disregard of
their
obligations and duties under the agreement. Each agreement will further provide
that the servicer and any director, officer, employee or agent of the servicer
is entitled to indemnification from the related trust fund and will be held
harmless against any loss, liability or expense incurred in connection with
any
legal action relating to the agreement or the securities, other than any
loss,
liability or expense incurred by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith
or
negligence in the performance of duties under the agreement or by reason
of
reckless disregard of those obligations and duties. In addition, the agreement
will provide that the servicer is not under any obligation to appear in,
prosecute or defend any legal action that is not incidental to its servicing
responsibilities under the agreement that, in its opinion, may involve it
in any
expense or liability. The servicer may, in its discretion, undertake any
such
action that it may deem necessary or desirable with respect to the agreement
and
the rights and duties of the parties thereto and the interests of the holders
thereunder. In that event, the legal expenses and costs of the action and
any
resulting liability may be expenses, costs, and liabilities of the trust
fund
and the servicer may be entitled to be reimbursed therefor out of the collection
account.
The
Agreements
The
following summaries describe the material provisions of the pooling and
servicing agreement or trust agreement, in the case of a series of certificates,
and the indenture and servicing agreement, in the case of a series of notes.
The
summaries do not purport to be complete and are subject to, and qualified
in
their entirety by reference to, the provisions of the agreements applicable
to
the particular series of securities. Where particular provisions or terms
used
in the agreements are referred to, the provisions or terms are as specified
in
the agreements.
Assignment
of Primary Assets
General.
At the
time of issuance of the securities of a series, the depositor will transfer,
convey and assign to the related trust fund all right, title and interest
of the
depositor in the primary assets and other property to be transferred to the
trust fund. This assignment will include all principal and interest due on
or
with respect to the primary assets after the cut-off date. The trustee will,
concurrently with the assignment, execute and deliver the
securities.
Assignment
of Mortgage Loans.
The
depositor will deliver to the trustee (or, if specified in the prospectus
supplement, a custodian on behalf of the trustee), as to each Residential
Loan
and Home Equity Loan, the related note endorsed without recourse to the order
of
the trustee or in blank, the original mortgage, deed of trust or other security
instrument with evidence of recording indicated thereon (except for any mortgage
not returned from the public recording office, in which case a copy of the
mortgage will be delivered, together with a certificate that the original
of the
mortgage was delivered to such recording office), and an assignment of the
mortgage in recordable form. The trustee or, if so specified in the related
prospectus supplement, the custodian will hold these documents in trust for
the
benefit of the holders.
If
so
specified in the related prospectus supplement, at the time of issuance of
the
securities, the depositor will cause assignments to the trustee of the mortgages
relating to the loans to be recorded in the appropriate public office for
real
property records, except in states where, in the opinion of counsel acceptable
to the trustee, recording is not required to protect the trustee’s interest in
the related loans. If specified in the prospectus supplement, the depositor
will
cause the assignments to be recorded within the time after issuance of the
securities as is specified in the related prospectus supplement. In this
event,
the prospectus supplement will specify whether the agreement requires the
depositor to repurchase from the trustee any loan the related mortgage of
which
is not recorded within that time, at the price described below with respect
to
repurchases by reason of defective documentation. Unless otherwise provided
in
the prospectus supplement, the enforcement of the repurchase obligation would
constitute the sole remedy available to the holders or the trustee for the
failure of a mortgage to be recorded.
Assignment
of Home Improvement Contracts.
The
depositor will deliver to the trustee or the custodian each original Home
Improvement Contract and copies of related documents and instruments and,
except
in the case of unsecured Home Improvement Contracts, the security interest
in
the related home improvements. In order to give notice of the right, title
and
interest of holders to the Home Improvement Contracts, the depositor will
cause
a UCC-1 financing statement to be executed by the depositor or the sponsor
identifying the trustee as the secured party and identifying all Home
Improvement Contracts as collateral. The Home Improvement Contracts will
not be
stamped or otherwise marked to reflect their assignment to the trust fund.
Therefore, if, through negligence, fraud or otherwise, a subsequent purchaser
were able to take physical possession of the Home Improvement Contracts without
notice of the assignment, the interest of holders in the Home Improvement
Contracts could be defeated. See “Material Legal Aspects of the Loans—The Home
Improvement Contracts and the Manufactured Housing Contracts” in this
prospectus.
Assignment
of Manufactured Housing Contracts.
If
specified in the related prospectus supplement, the depositor, the sponsor
or
any additional seller will deliver to the trustee the original contract as
to
each Manufactured Housing Contract and copies of documents and instruments
related to each contract and, other than in the case of unsecured contracts,
the
security interest in the property securing that contract. In order to give
notice of the right, title and interest of securityholders to the contracts,
if
specified in the related prospectus supplement, the depositor, the sponsor
or
any additional seller will cause a UCC-1 financing statement to be executed
by
depositor, the sponsor or any additional seller identifying the trustee as
the
secured party and identifying all contracts as collateral. If so specified
in
the related prospectus supplement, the contracts will not be stamped or
otherwise marked to reflect their assignment to the trustee. Therefore, if,
through negligence, fraud or otherwise, a subsequent purchaser were able
to take
physical possession of the contracts without notice of the assignment, the
interest of securityholders in the contracts could be defeated. See “Material
Legal Aspects of the Loans—The Home Improvement Contracts and the Manufactured
Housing Contracts” in this prospectus.
Loan
Schedule.
Each
loan will be identified in a schedule appearing as an exhibit to the related
agreement and will specify with respect to each loan:
· |
the
original principal amount,
|
· |
its
unpaid principal balance as of the cut-off
date,
|
· |
the
current interest rate,
|
· |
the
current scheduled payment of principal and
interest,
|
· |
the
maturity date, if any, of the related note,
and
|
· |
if
the loan is an adjustable rate loan, the lifetime rate cap, if
any, and
the current index.
|
Assignment
of Agency and Private Label Securities.
The
depositor will cause the Agency and Private Label Securities to be registered
in
the name of the trustee (or its nominee or correspondent). The trustee (or
its
nominee or correspondent) will take possession of any certificated Agency
or
Private Label Securities. The trustee will not typically be in possession
of, or
be assignee of record of, any loans underlying the Agency or Private Label
Securities. See “The Trust Funds—Private Label Securities” in this prospectus.
Each Agency and Private Label Security will be identified in a schedule
appearing as an exhibit to the related agreement, which will specify the
original principal amount, principal balance as of the cut-off date, annual
pass-through rate or interest rate and maturity date for each Agency and
Private
Label Security conveyed to the related trust fund. In the agreement, the
depositor will represent and warrant to the trustee that:
· |
the
information contained in the Agency or Private Label Securities
schedule
is true and correct in all material
respects,
|
· |
immediately
prior to the conveyance of the Agency or Private Label Securities,
the
depositor had good title and was the sole owner of the Agency or
Private
Label Securities,
|
· |
there
has been no other sale of the Agency or Private Label Securities,
and
|
· |
there
is no existing lien, charge, security interest or other encumbrance
on the
Agency or Private Label Securities.
|
Repurchase
and Substitution of Non-Conforming Primary Assets.
If any
document in the file relating to the primary assets delivered by the depositor
to the trustee (or custodian) is found by the trustee, within 90 days of
the
execution of the related agreement (or promptly after the trustee’s receipt of
any document permitted to be delivered after the closing date), to be defective
in any material respect and the
depositor, the sponsor or any additional seller does
not
cure such defect within 90 days after the discovery of such defect (or within
any other period specified in the related prospectus supplement) the depositor,
the sponsor or any additional seller will, not later than 90 days after the
discovery of such defect (or within such any period specified in the related
prospectus supplement), repurchase from the trustee the related primary asset
or
any property acquired in respect of the asset. The repurchase shall be effected
at a price equal to the sum
of:
· |
the
principal balance of the primary asset,
and
|
· |
the
trust fund’s federal income tax basis in the primary asset;
|
plus
· |
accrued
and unpaid interest to the date of the next scheduled payment on
the
primary asset at the rate set forth in the related
agreement.
|
However,
the purchase price shall not be limited to the trust fund’s federal income tax
basis in the asset, if the repurchase at a price equal to the principal balance
of the repurchased primary asset will not result in any prohibited transaction
tax under Section 860F(a) of the Code.
If
provided in the related prospectus supplement, the depositor, the sponsor
or any
additional seller, as the case may be, may, rather than repurchase the primary
asset as described above, remove the non-conforming primary asset from the
trust
fund and substitute in its place one or more other qualifying substitute
primary
assets. If no REMIC election is made with respect to the trust fund, the
substitution must be effected within 120 days of the date of initial issuance
of
the securities. If a REMIC election is made with respect to the trust fund,
the
trustee must have received a satisfactory opinion of counsel that the
substitution will not cause the trust fund to lose its status as a REMIC
or
otherwise subject the trust fund to a prohibited transaction tax.
Any
qualifying substitute primary asset will, on the date of substitution, meet
the
following criteria:
· |
it
has a principal balance, after deduction of all scheduled payments
due in
the month of substitution, not in excess of the principal balance
of the
deleted primary asset (the amount of any shortfall to be deposited
to the
collection account in the month of substitution for distribution
to
holders),
|
· |
it
has an interest rate not less than (and not more than 2% greater
than) the
interest rate of the deleted primary asset,
|
· |
it
has a remaining term-to-stated maturity not greater than (and not
more
than two years less than) that of the deleted primary
asset,
|
· |
it
complies with all of the representations and warranties set forth
in the
applicable agreement as of the date of substitution,
and
|
· |
if
a REMIC election is made with respect to the trust fund, the qualifying
substitute primary asset is a qualified replacement mortgage under
Section 860G(a) of the Code.
|
The
above-described cure, repurchase or substitution obligations constitute the
sole
remedies available to the holders or the trustee for a material defect in
the
documentation for a primary asset.
The
sponsor or another entity will make representations and warranties with respect
to primary assets for each series. If the sponsor or the other entity cannot
cure a breach of any such representations and warranties in all material
respects within the time period specified in the related pooling and servicing
agreement after notification by the trustee of such breach, and if the breach
is
of a nature that materially and adversely affects the value of the primary
asset, the sponsor or the other entity will be obligated to repurchase the
affected primary asset or, if provided in the related pooling and servicing
agreement, provide a qualifying substitute primary asset, subject to the
same
conditions and limitations on purchases and substitutions as described
above.
The
sponsor’s only source of funds to effect any cure, repurchase or substitution
will be through the enforcement of the corresponding obligations, if any,
of the
responsible originator or sponsor of the non-conforming primary assets. See
“Risk Factors—Only the assets of the related trust fund are available to pay
your certificates” in this prospectus.
No
holder
of securities of a series, solely by virtue of the holder’s status as a holder,
will have any right under the applicable agreement to institute any proceeding
with respect to agreement, unless holder previously has given to the trustee
for
the series written notice of default and unless the holders of securities
evidencing not less than percentage specified in the related prospectus
supplement of the aggregate voting rights of the securities of the series
have
made written request upon the trustee to institute the proceeding in its
own
name as trustee thereunder and have offered to the trustee reasonable indemnity,
and the trustee for 60 days has neglected or refused to institute the
proceeding.
Reports
to Holders
· |
The
applicable trustee or the securities administrator, as applicable,
will
prepare and forward to each holder on each distribution date, or
as soon
thereafter as is practicable, a monthly statement setting forth,
the items
specified in the related prospectus supplement and in the related
pooling
and servicing agreement or
indenture.
|
In
addition, within a reasonable period of time after the end of each calendar
year
the trustee or securities administrator, as applicable, will furnish to each
holder of record at any time during the calendar year:
· |
the
total of the amounts reported pursuant to clauses under the first
and
second bullets above and under the last clause of the fourth bullet
above
for the calendar year, and
|
· |
the
information specified in the related agreement to enable holders
to
prepare their tax returns including, without limitation, the amount
of any
original issue discount accrued on the securities.
|
Reports,
whether monthly or annual, will be transmitted in paper format to the holder
of
record of the class of securities contemporaneously with the distribution
on
that particular class. In addition, the monthly reports will be posted on
a
website as described below under “Available Information” and “Reports to
Holders”.
As
to
each issuing entity, so long as it is required to file reports under the
Exchange Act, those reports will be made available as described above under
“Available Information”.
As
to
each issuing entity that is no longer required to file reports under the
Exchange Act, periodic distribution reports will be posted on the trustee’s or
the securities administrator’s website referenced under “Available Information”
in this prospectus as soon as practicable. Annual reports of assessment of
compliance with the AB Servicing Criteria, attestation reports, and statements
of compliance will be provided to registered holders of the related securities
upon request free of charge. See
“Servicing of Loans-Evidence as to Compliance” in the related prospectus
supplement.
Information
in the distribution date statements and annual statements provided to the
holders will not have been examined and reported upon by an independent public
accountant. However, the servicer will provide to the trustee a report by
independent public accountants with respect to its servicing of the loans.
See
“Servicing of Loans-Evidence as to Compliance” in the related prospectus
supplement.
If
so
specified in the prospectus supplement, the related series of securities
(or one
or more classes of the series) will be issued in book-entry form. In that
event,
owners of beneficial interests in those securities will not be considered
holders and will not receive such reports directly from the trustee or the
securities administrator, as applicable. The trustee or the securities
administrator, as applicable, will forward reports only to the entity or
its
nominee that is the registered holder of the global certificate that evidences
the book-entry securities. Beneficial owners will receive reports from the
participants and indirect participants of the applicable book-entry system
in
accordance with the policies and procedures of the participants and indirect
participants.
Events
of Default; Rights upon Event of Default
Pooling
and Servicing Agreement; Servicing Agreement.
“Events
of default under the pooling and servicing agreement for each series of
certificates include, but are not limited to:
· |
any
failure by the servicer to deposit amounts in the collection account
and
distribution account(s) to enable the trustee to distribute to
holders of
securities of the series any required payment, provided that this
failure
continues unremedied for the number of days specified in
|
the
related prospectus supplement after the giving of written notice to the servicer
by the trustee, or to the servicer and the trustee by holders having not
less
than 25% of the total voting rights of the series;
· |
any
failure by the servicer duly to observe or perform in any material
respect
any other of its covenants or agreements in the agreement provided
that
this failure continues unremedied for the number of days specified
in the
related prospectus supplement after the giving of written to the
servicer
by the trustee, or to the servicer and the trustee by the holders
having
not less than 25% of the total voting rights of the of the series;
and
|
· |
certain
events of insolvency, readjustment of debt, marshalling of assets
and
liabilities or similar proceedings and certain actions by the servicer
indicating its insolvency, reorganization or inability to pay its
obligations.
|
So
long
as an event of default remains unremedied under the applicable agreement
for a
series of securities relating to the servicing of loans, unless otherwise
specified in the a percentage
specified in the related prospectus supplement of
the
total voting rights of the series may terminate all of the rights and
obligations of the servicer as servicer under the applicable agreement (other
than its right to recovery of other expenses and amounts advanced pursuant
to
the terms of the agreement, which rights the servicer will retain under all
circumstances), whereupon the trustee will succeed to all the responsibilities,
duties and liabilities of the servicer under the agreement and will be entitled
to reasonable servicing compensation not to exceed the applicable servicing
fee,
together with other servicing compensation in the form of assumption fees,
late
payment charges or otherwise as provided in the agreement.
In
the
event that the trustee is unwilling or unable so to act, it may select (or
petition a court of competent jurisdiction to appoint) a finance institution,
bank or loan servicing institution with a net worth specified in the related
prospectus supplement to act as successor servicer under the provisions of
the
agreement. The successor servicer would be entitled to reasonable servicing
compensation in an amount not to exceed the servicing fee as set forth in
the
related prospectus supplement, together with other servicing compensation
in the
form of assumption fees, late payment charges or otherwise, as provided in
the
agreement.
During
the continuance of any event of default of a servicer under an agreement
for a
series of securities, the trustee will have the right to take action to enforce
its rights and remedies and to protect and enforce the rights and remedies
of
the holders of securities of the series, and, unless otherwise specified
in the
related prospectus supplement, holders of securities having not less than
a
percentage specified in the related prospectus supplement of the total voting
rights of the series may direct the time, method and place of conducting
any
proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee or exercising any trust
or
power conferred upon the trustee. However, the trustee will not be under
any
obligation to pursue any such remedy or to exercise any of such trusts or
powers
unless the holders have offered the trustee reasonable security or indemnity
against the cost, expenses and liabilities that may be incurred by the trustee
as a result. The trustee may decline to follow any such direction if it
determines that the action or proceeding so directed may not lawfully be
taken
or would involve it in personal liability or be unjustly prejudicial to the
non-assenting holders.
Indenture.
“Events
of default” under the indenture for each series of notes include, but are not
limited to:
· |
a
default for thirty (30) days (or other time period specified in
the
related prospectus supplement) in the payment of any principal
of or
interest on any note of the series;
|
· |
failure
to perform any other covenant of the depositor or the trust fund
in the
indenture, provided that the failure continues for a period of
sixty (60)
days after notice is given in accordance with the procedures described
in
the related prospectus supplement;
|
· |
any
representation or warranty made by the depositor or the trust fund
in the
indenture or in any certificate or other writing delivered pursuant
to it
or in connection with it with respect to or affecting such series
having
been incorrect in a material respect as of the time made, provided
that
the breach is not cured within sixty (60) days after notice is
given in
accordance with the procedures described in the related prospectus
supplement;
|
· |
certain
events of bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or liquidation of
the
depositor or the trust fund; and
|
· |
any
other event of default specified with respect to notes of that
series.
|
If
an
event of default with respect to the then-outstanding notes of any series
occurs
and is continuing, either the indenture trustee or the holders of a majority
of
the total amount of those notes may declare the principal amount of all the
notes of the series (or, if the notes of that series are zero coupon securities,
such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the related
prospectus supplement) to be due and payable immediately. Under certain
circumstances of this type the declaration may be rescinded and annulled
by the
holders of a majority of the total amount of those notes.
If,
following an event of default with respect to any series of notes, the related
notes have been declared to be due and payable, the indenture trustee may,
in
its discretion, and notwithstanding such acceleration, elect to maintain
possession of the collateral securing the notes and to continue to apply
distributions on the collateral as if there had been no declaration of
acceleration, provided that the collateral continues to provide sufficient
funds
for the payment of principal of and interest on the notes as they would have
become due if there had not been a declaration. In addition, the indenture
trustee may not sell or otherwise liquidate the collateral securing the notes
of
a series following an event of default (other than a default in the payment
of
any principal of or interest on any note of the series for thirty (30) days
or
other period specified in the related prospectus supplement),
unless:
· |
the
holders of 100% of the total amount of the then-outstanding notes
of the
series consent to the sale; or
|
· |
the
proceeds of the sale or liquidation are sufficient to pay in full
the
principal of and accrued interest due and unpaid on the outstanding
notes
of the series at the date of sale; or
|
· |
the
indenture trustee determines that the collateral would not be sufficient
on an ongoing basis to make all payments on the notes as such payments
would have become due if the notes had not been declared due and
payable,
and the indenture trustee obtains the consent of the holders of
a
percentage specified in the related prospectus supplement of the
total
amount of the then-outstanding notes of the
series.
|
In
the
event that the indenture trustee liquidates the collateral in connection
with an
event of default involving a default for thirty (30) days or other period
specified in the related prospectus supplement) in the payment of principal
of
or interest on the notes of a series, the indenture provides that the indenture
trustee will have a prior lien on the proceeds of any liquidation for its
unpaid
fees and expenses. As a result, upon the occurrence of an event of default
of
this type, the amount available for distribution to the noteholders may be
less
than would otherwise be the case. However, the indenture trustee may not
institute a proceeding for the enforcement of its lien except in connection
with
a proceeding for the enforcement of the lien of the indenture for the benefit
of
the noteholders after the occurrence of the event of default.
In
the
event that the principal of the notes of a series is declared due and payable
as
described above, holders of the notes issued at a discount from par may be
entitled to receive no more than an amount equal to the unpaid principal
amount
of those notes less the amount of the discount that remains
unamortized.
Subject
to the provisions of the indenture relating to the duties of the indenture
trustee, in case an event of default shall occur and be continuing with respect
to a series of notes, the indenture trustee will be under no obligation to
exercise any of its rights or powers under the indenture at the request or
direction of any of the holders of notes of the series, unless the holders
offer
security or indemnity satisfactory to the indenture trustee against the costs,
expenses and liabilities it might incur in complying with their request or
direction. Subject to the provisions for indemnification and certain limitations
contained in the indenture, the holders of a majority of amount of the
then-outstanding notes of the series shall have the right to direct the time,
method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to
the
indenture trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the indenture
trustee with respect to those notes, and the holders of a majority of the
amount
of the amount of the then- outstanding notes of the series may, in certain
cases, waive any default with respect to the notes, except a default in the
payment of principal or interest or a default in respect of a covenant or
provision of the indenture that cannot be modified without the waiver or
consent
of all affected holders of the outstanding notes.
The
Trustees
The
identity of the commercial bank, savings and loan association or trust company
named as the trustee or indenture trustee, as the case may be, for each series
of securities will be set forth in the related prospectus supplement. Entities
serving as trustee may have normal banking relationships with the depositor
or
the servicer. In addition, for the purpose of meeting the legal requirements
of
certain local jurisdictions, each trustee will have the power to appoint
co-trustees or separate trustees. In the event of an appointment, all rights,
powers, duties and obligations conferred or imposed upon the trustee by the
related agreement will be conferred or imposed upon that trustee and each
separate trustee or co-trustee jointly, or, in any jurisdiction in which
the
trustee shall be incompetent or unqualified to perform certain acts, singly
upon
the separate trustee or co-trustee who will exercise and perform such rights,
powers, duties and obligations solely at the direction of the trustee. The
trustee may also appoint agents to perform any of its responsibilities, which
agents will have any or all of the rights, powers, duties and obligations
of the
trustee conferred on them by their appointment; provided, however, that the
trustee will continue to be responsible for its duties and obligations under
the
agreement.
Duties
of Trustees
No
trustee will make any representations as to the validity or sufficiency of
the
related agreement, the securities or of any primary asset or related documents.
If no event of default (as defined in the related agreement) has occurred,
the
applicable trustee will be required to perform only those duties specifically
required of it under the agreement. Upon receipt of the various certificates,
statements, reports or other instruments required to be furnished to it,
the
trustee will be required to examine them to determine whether they are in
the
form required by the related agreement. However, the trustee will not be
responsible for the accuracy or content of any documents furnished to it
by the
holders or the servicer under the agreement.
Each
trustee may be held liable for its own negligent action or failure to act,
or
for its own misconduct; provided, however, that no trustee will be personally
liable with respect to any action taken, suffered or omitted to be taken
by it
in good faith in accordance with the direction of the related holders in
an
event of default. No trustee will be required to expend or risk its own funds
or
otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its
duties
under the related agreement, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers,
if it has reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or
adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured
to
it.
If
an
event of default will occur, the trustee will, by notice in writing to the
master servicer, which may be delivered by telecopy, immediately terminate
all
of the rights and obligations of the master servicer thereafter arising under
the Agreements, but without prejudice to any rights it may have as a
certificateholder or to reimbursement of advances and other advances of its
own
funds, and the trustee shall act as provided in the Agreements to carry out
the
duties of the master servicer, including the obligation to make any advance
the
nonpayment of which was an event of default described in the Agreements.
Any
such action taken by the trustee must be prior to the distribution on the
relevant distribution date.
On
and
after the time the master servicer receives a notice of termination pursuant
to
the Agreements, the trustee shall automatically become the successor to the
master servicer with respect to the transactions set forth or provided for
in
the Agreements and after a transition period (not to exceed 90 days), shall
be
subject to all the responsibilities, duties and liabilities relating thereto
placed on the master servicer by the terms and provisions in the Agreements;
provided, however, pursuant to the Agreements, the trustee in its capacity
as
successor master servicer shall be responsible for making any advances required
to be made by the master servicer immediately upon the termination of the
master
servicer and any such advance shall be made on the distribution date on which
such advance was required to be made by the predecessor master servicer.
Effective on the date of such notice of termination, as compensation therefor,
the trustee shall be entitled to all compensation, reimbursement of expenses
and
indemnification that the master servicer would have been entitled to if it
had
continued to act hereunder, provided, however, that the trustee shall not
be (i)
liable for any acts or omissions of the master servicer, (ii) obligated to
make
advances if it is prohibited from doing so under applicable law, (iii)
responsible for expenses of the master servicer or (iv) obligated to deposit
losses on any permitted investment directed by the master servicer.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the trustee may, if it shall be unwilling
to so
act, or shall, if it is prohibited by applicable law from making advances
or if
it is otherwise unable to so act, appoint, or petition a court of competent
jurisdiction to appoint, any established mortgage loan servicing institution
the
appointment of which does not adversely affect the then current rating of
the
certificates by each rating agency as the successor to the master servicer
pursuant to the Agreements in the assumption of all or any part of the
responsibilities, duties or liabilities of the master servicer pursuant to
the
Agreements. Any successor master servicer shall (i) be an institution that
is a
Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac approved seller/servicer in good standing, that
has a
net worth of at least the amount specified in the related prospectus supplement,
(ii) be acceptable to the trustee (which consent shall not be unreasonably
withheld) and (iii) be willing to act as successor servicer of any mortgage
loans under the Agreements, and shall have executed and delivered to the
depositor and the trustee an agreement accepting such delegation and assignment,
that contains an assumption by such person of the rights, powers, duties,
responsibilities, obligations and liabilities of the master servicer (other
than
any liabilities of the master servicer hereof incurred prior to termination
of
the master servicer as set forth in the Agreements), with like effect as
if
originally named as a party to the Agreements, provided that each rating
agency
shall have acknowledged in writing that its rating of the certificates in
effect
immediately prior to such assignment and delegation will not be qualified
or
reduced as a result of such assignment and delegation. If the trustee assumes
the duties and responsibilities of the master servicer, the trustee shall
not
resign as master servicer until a successor master servicer has been appointed
and has accepted such appointment. Pending appointment of a successor to
the
master servicer hereunder, the trustee, unless the trustee is prohibited
by law
from so acting, shall act in such capacity as provided in the Agreements.
In
connection with such appointment and assumption, the trustee may make such
arrangements for the compensation of such successor out of payments on mortgage
loans or otherwise as it and such successor shall agree; provided that no
such
compensation unless agreed to by the certificateholders shall be in excess
of
that permitted the master servicer hereunder. The trustee and such successor
shall take such action, consistent with the Agreements, as shall be necessary
to
effectuate any such succession. Neither the trustee nor any other successor
master servicer shall be deemed to be in default hereunder by reason of any
failure to make, or any delay in making, any distribution hereunder or any
portion thereof or any failure to perform, or any delay in performing, any
duties or responsibilities hereunder, in either case caused by the failure
of
the master servicer to deliver or provide, or any delay in delivering or
providing, any cash, information, documents or records to it.
The
costs
and expenses of the trustee in connection with the termination of the master
servicer, appointment of a successor master servicer and, if applicable,
any
transfer of servicing, including, without limitation, all costs and expenses
associated with the complete transfer of all servicing data and the completion,
correction or manipulation of such servicing data as may be required by the
trustee to correct any errors or insufficiencies in the servicing data or
otherwise to enable the trustee or the successor master servicer to service
the
mortgage loans properly and effectively, to the extent not paid by the
terminated master servicer, will be payable to the trustee pursuant to the
Agreements. Any successor to the master servicer as successor servicer under
any
subservicing agreement shall give notice to the applicable mortgagors of
such
change of servicer and will, during the term of its service as successor
servicer maintain in force the policy or policies that the master servicer
is
required to maintain pursuant to the Agreements.
If
the
trustee will succeed to any duties of the master servicer respecting the
mortgage loans as provided herein, it will do so in a separate capacity and
not
in its capacity as trustee and, accordingly, the provisions of the Agreements
concerning the trustee’s duties will be inapplicable to the trustee in its
duties as the successor to the master servicer in the servicing of the mortgage
loans (although such provisions will continue to apply to the trustee in
its
capacity as trustee); the provisions of the Agreements relating to the master
servicer, however, will apply to it in its capacity as successor master
servicer.
Upon
any
termination or appointment of a successor to the master servicer, the trustee
will give prompt written notice thereof to certificateholders of record pursuant
to the Agreements and to the rating agencies.
The
trustee will transmit by mail to all certificateholders, within 60 days after
the occurrence of any event of default, the trustee shall transmit by mail
to
all certificateholders notice of each such event of default hereunder actually
known to a responsible officer of the trustee, unless such event of default
shall have been cured or waived.
The
trustee will not in any way be liable by reason of any insufficiency in any
account held by or in the name of the trustee unless it is determined by
a court
of competent jurisdiction that the trustee’s gross negligence or willful
misconduct was the primary cause of such insufficiency (except to the extent
that the trustee is obligor and has defaulted thereon). In no event will
the
trustee be liable for special, indirect or consequential loss or damage of
any
kind whatsoever (including but not limited to lost profits), even if the
trustee
has been advised of the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless
of the
form of action. Furthermore, the trustee will not be responsible for the
acts or
omissions of the other transaction parties, it being understood that the
Agreements will not be construed to render them partners, joint venturers
or
agents of one another. None of the foregoing will be construed, however,
to
relieve the trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own
negligent failure to act or its own willful misconduct. The trustee will
be
entitled to reimbursement and indemnification by the trust for any loss,
liability or expense arising out of or in connection with the Agreements
as set
forth in the Agreements except any such loss, liability or expense as may
arise
from its negligence or intentional misconduct.
In
addition to having express duties under the Agreements, the trustee, as a
fiduciary, also has certain duties unique to fiduciaries under applicable
law.
In general, the trustee will be subject to certain federal laws and, because
the
Agreements is governed by New York law, certain New York state laws. As a
national bank acting in a fiduciary capacity, the trustee will, in the
administration of its duties under the Agreements, be subject to certain
regulations promulgated by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency,
specifically those set forth in Chapter 12, Part 9 of the Code of Federal
Regulations. New York common law has required fiduciaries of common law trusts
formed in New York to perform their duties in accordance with the “prudent
person” standard, which, in this transaction, would require the trustee to
exercise such diligence and care in the administration of the trust as a
person
of ordinary prudence would employ in managing his own property. However,
under
New York common law, the application of this standard of care can be restricted
contractually to apply only after the occurrence of a default. The Agreements
provides that the trustee is subject to the prudent person standard only
for so
long as an event of default has occurred and remains uncured.
Resignation
of Trustees
Each
trustee may, upon written notice to the depositor, resign at any time, in
which
event the depositor will be obligated to use its best efforts to appoint
a
successor trustee. If no successor trustee has been appointed and has accepted
such appointment within 30 days after the giving
of
such notice of resignation, the resigning trustee may petition any court
of
competent jurisdiction for appointment of a successor trustee. Each trustee
may
also be removed at any time
· |
if
the trustee ceases to be eligible to continue as such under the
related
agreement, or
|
· |
if
the trustee becomes insolvent, or
|
· |
the
holders of securities having more than over 50% of the total voting
rights
of the securities in the trust fund give written notice to the
trustee and
to the depositor.
|
Any
resignation or removal of a trustee and appointment of a successor trustee
will
not become effective until the successor trustee accepts its
appointment.
Amendment
of Agreement
The
Agreement for each series of securities may be amended by the depositor,
the
servicer (with respect to a series relating to loans), and the trustee, without
notice to or consent of the holders, for the following purposes:
· |
to
correct any defective provisions or to correct or supplement any
provision
in the agreement,
|
· |
to
add to the duties of the depositor, the applicable trustee or the
servicer,
|
· |
to
add any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising
under the agreement or related credit
enhancement,
|
· |
to
add or amend any provisions of the agreement as required by any
rating
agency named in the prospectus supplement in order to maintain
or improve
the rating of the securities (it being understood that none of
the
depositor, the sponsor, any other seller, the servicer or any trustee
is
obligated to maintain or improve the rating),
or
|
· |
to
comply with any requirements imposed by the
Code.
|
In
no
event, however, shall any amendment (other than an amendment to comply with
Code
requirements) adversely affect in any material respect the interests of any
holders of the series, as evidenced by an opinion of counsel delivered to
the
trustee. An amendment shall be deemed not to adversely affect in any material
respect the interests of any holder if the trustee receives written confirmation
from each rating agency named in the prospectus supplement that the amendment
will not cause the rating agency to reduce its then-current rating.
Each
agreement for a series may also be amended by the applicable trustee, the
servicer, if applicable, and the depositor with the consent of the holders
possessing not less than the percentage specified in the related prospectus
supplement of the total outstanding principal amount of the securities of
the
series (or, if only certain classes are affected by the amendment, a percentage
specified in the related prospectus supplement of the total outstanding
principal amount of each affected class), for the purpose of adding any
provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions
of
the agreement, or modifying in any manner the rights of holders of the series.
In no event, however, shall any amendment
· |
reduce
the amount or delay the timing of payments on any security without
the
consent of the holder of the security, or
|
· |
reduce
the percentage of the total outstanding principal amount of securities
of
each class, the holders of which are required to consent to any
such
amendment, without the consent of the holders of 100% of the total
outstanding principal amount of each affected
class.
|
Voting
Rights
The
prospectus supplement will set forth the method of determining allocation
of
voting rights with respect to the related series of securities.
List
of Holders
Upon
written request of three or more holders of record of a series for purposes
of
communicating with other holders with respect to their rights under the
agreement (which request is accompanied by a copy of the communication such
holders propose to transmit), the trustee will afford them access during
business hours to the most recent list of holders of that series held by
the
trustee.
No
agreement will provide for the holding of any annual or other meeting of
holders.
Book-Entry
Securities
If
specified in the related prospectus supplement for a series of securities,
the
securities (or one or more of the securities) may be issued in book-entry
form.
In that event, beneficial owners of those securities will not be considered
“Holders” under the agreements and may exercise the rights of holders only
indirectly through the participants in the applicable book-entry
system.
REMIC
Administrator
For
any
series with respect to which a REMIC election is made, preparation of certain
reports and certain other administrative duties with respect to the trust
fund
may be performed by a REMIC administrator, which may be an affiliate of the
depositor.
Termination
Pooling
and Servicing Agreement; Trust Agreement.
The
obligations created by the pooling and servicing agreement or trust agreement
for a series will terminate upon the distribution to holders of all amounts
distributable to them under the agreement in the circumstances described
in the
related prospectus supplement. See “Description of the Securities—Optional
Redemption, Purchase or Termination” in this prospectus.
Indenture.
The
indenture will be discharged with respect to a series of notes (except with
respect to certain continuing rights specified in the indenture) upon the
delivery to the indenture trustee for cancellation of all the notes of that
series or, with certain limitations, upon deposit with the indenture trustee
of
funds sufficient for the payment in full of all of the notes of the
series.
In
addition to such discharge with certain limitations, if so specified with
respect to the notes of any series, the indenture will provide that the related
trust fund will be discharged from any and all obligations in respect of
the
notes of that series (except for certain obligations relating to temporary
notes
and exchange of notes, registration of the transfer or exchange of those
notes,
replacing stolen, lost or mutilated notes, maintaining paying agencies and
holding monies for payment in trust) upon the deposit with the indenture
trustee, in trust, of money and/or direct obligations of or obligations
guaranteed by the United States of America that, through the payment of interest
and principal in accordance with their terms, will provide money in an amount
sufficient to pay the principal of and each installment of interest on the
notes
on the final scheduled distribution date for the notes and any installment
of
interest on the notes in accordance with the terms of the indenture and the
notes. In the event of any such defeasance and discharge of notes of a series,
holders of notes of that series would be able to look only to such money
and/or
direct obligations for payment of principal of and interest on, if any, their
notes until maturity.
Material
Legal Aspects of the Loans
The
following discussion contains general summaries of material legal matters
mortgage loans, home improvement installment sales contracts and home
improvement installment loan agreements that are general in nature. Because
the
legal matters are determined primarily by applicable state law and because
state
laws may differ substantially, the summaries do not purport to be complete,
to
reflect the laws of any particular state, or to encompass the laws of all
states
in which the properties securing the loans may be situated.
Mortgages
The
Residential Loans and Home Equity Loans for a series will, and the Home
Improvement Contracts for a series may, be secured by mortgages or deeds
of
trust or deeds to secure debt, depending upon the prevailing practice in
the
state in which the property subject to a mortgage loan is located. We refer
to
Residential Loans, Home Equity Loans and Home Improvement Contracts that
are
secured by mortgages as “mortgage loans.” The filing of a mortgage, deed of
trust or deed to secure debt creates a lien or title interest upon the real
property covered by that instrument and represents the security for the
repayment of an obligation that is customarily evidenced by a promissory
note.
It is not prior to the lien for real estate taxes and assessments or other
charges imposed under governmental police powers and may also be subject
to
other liens pursuant to the laws of the jurisdiction in which the mortgaged
property is located. Priority with respect to the instruments depends on
their
terms, the knowledge of the parties to the mortgage and generally on the
order
of recording with the applicable state, county or municipal office. There
are
two parties to a mortgage: the mortgagor, who is the borrower/property owner
or
the land trustee (as described below), and the mortgagee, who is the lender.
Under the mortgage instrument, the mortgagor delivers to the mortgagee a
note or
bond and the mortgage. In the case of a land trust, there are three parties
because title to the property is held by a land trustee under a land trust
agreement of which the borrower/property owner is the beneficiary; at
origination of a mortgage loan, the borrower executes a separate undertaking
to
make payments on the mortgage note. A deed of trust transaction normally
has
three parties: the trustor, who is the borrower/property owner; the beneficiary,
who is the lender; and the trustee, a third-party grantee. Under a deed of
trust, the trustor grants the property, irrevocably until the debt is paid,
in
trust, generally with a power of sale, to the trustee to secure payment of
the
obligation. The mortgagee’s authority under a mortgage and the trustee’s
authority under a deed of trust are governed by the law of the state in which
the real property is located, the express provisions of the mortgage or deed
of
trust, and, in some cases, in deed of trust transactions, the directions
of the
beneficiary.
Foreclosure
on Mortgages
Foreclosure
of a mortgage is generally accomplished by judicial action. Generally, the
action is initiated by the service of legal pleadings upon all parties having
an
interest of record in the real property. Delays in completion of the foreclosure
occasionally may result from difficulties in locating necessary parties
defendant. When the mortgagee’s right to foreclosure is contested, the legal
proceedings necessary to resolve the issue can be time-consuming and expensive.
After the completion of a judicial foreclosure proceeding, the court may
issue a
judgment of foreclosure and appoint a receiver or other officer to conduct
the
sale of the property. In some states, mortgages may also be foreclosed by
advertisement, pursuant to a power of sale provided in the mortgage. Foreclosure
of a mortgage by advertisement is essentially similar to foreclosure of a
deed
of trust by nonjudicial power of sale.
Foreclosure
of a deed of trust generally is accomplished by a nonjudicial trustee’s sale
under a specific provision in the deed of trust that authorizes the trustee
to
sell the property upon any default by the borrower under the terms of the
note
or deed of trust. In certain states, foreclosure also may be accomplished
by
judicial action in the manner provided for foreclosure of mortgages. In some
states, the trustee must record a notice of default and send a copy to the
borrower-trustor and to any person who has recorded a request for a copy
of a
notice of default and notice of sale. In addition, the trustee in some states
must provide notice to any other individual having an interest in the real
property, including any junior lienholders. If the deed of trust is not
reinstated within any applicable cure period, a notice of sale must be posted
in
a public place and, in most states, published for a specified period of time
in
one or more newspapers. In addition, some state laws require that a copy
of the
notice of sale be posted on the property and sent to all parties having an
interest of record in the property. The trustor, borrower or any person having
a
junior encumbrance on the real estate may, during a reinstatement period,
cure
the default by paying the entire amount in arrears plus the costs and expenses
incurred in enforcing the obligation. Generally, state law controls the amount
of foreclosure expenses and costs, including attorney’s fees, which may be
recovered by a lender.
An
action
to foreclose a mortgage is an action to recover the mortgage debt by enforcing
the mortgagee’s rights under the mortgage. It is regulated by statutes and rules
and subject throughout to the court’s equitable powers. Generally, a mortgagor
is bound by the terms of the related mortgage note and the mortgage as made
and
cannot be relieved from his default if the mortgagee has exercised its rights
in
a commercially reasonable manner. However, since a foreclosure action
historically was equitable in nature, the court may exercise equitable powers
to
relieve a mortgagor of a default and deny the mortgagee foreclosure on proof
that either the mortgagor’s default was neither willful nor in bad faith or the
mortgagee’s action established a waiver, fraud, bad faith, or oppressive or
unconscionable conduct such as to warrant a court of equity to refuse
affirmative relief to the mortgagee. Under certain circumstances, a court
of
equity may relieve the mortgagor from an entirely technical default where
the
default was not willful.
A
foreclosure action is subject to most of the delays and expenses of other
lawsuits if defenses or counterclaims are interposed, and sometimes requires
up
to several years to complete. Moreover, a non-collusive, regularly conducted
foreclosure sale may be challenged as a fraudulent conveyance, regardless
of the
parties’ intent, if a court determines that the sale was for less than fair
consideration and the sale occurred while the mortgagor was insolvent and
within
one year (or within the state statute of limitations if the trustee in
bankruptcy elects to proceed under state fraudulent conveyance law) of the
filing of bankruptcy. Similarly, a suit against the debtor on the related
mortgage note may take several years and, generally, is a remedy alternative
to
foreclosure, the mortgagee being precluded from pursuing both at the same
time.
In
the
case of foreclosure under either a mortgage or a deed of trust, a public
sale is
conducted by the referee or other designated officer or by the trustee. However,
because of the difficulty potential third party purchasers at the sale have
in
determining the exact status of title and because the physical condition
of the
property may have deteriorated during the foreclosure proceedings, it is
uncommon for a third party to purchase the property at a foreclosure sale.
Rather, it is common for the lender to purchase the property from the trustee
or
referee for an amount that may be equal to the unpaid principal amount of
the
mortgage note secured by the mortgage or deed of trust plus accrued and unpaid
interest and the expenses of foreclosure, in which event the mortgagor’s debt
will be extinguished. The lender may purchase the property for a lesser amount
in order to preserve its right against the borrower to seek a deficiency
judgment in states where such a judgment is available. Thereafter, subject
to
the right of the borrower in some states to remain in possession during the
redemption period, the lender will assume the burdens of ownership, including
obtaining hazard insurance, paying taxes and making such repairs at its own
expense as are necessary to render the property suitable for sale. The lender
will commonly obtain the services of a real estate broker and pay the broker’s
commission in connection with the sale of the property. Depending upon market
conditions, the ultimate proceeds of the sale of the property may not equal
the
lender’s investment in the property. Any loss may be reduced by the receipt of
any mortgage guaranty insurance proceeds.
Environmental
Risks
Federal,
state and local laws and regulations impose a wide range of requirements
on
activities that may affect the environment, health and safety. These include
laws and regulations governing air pollutant emissions, hazardous and toxic
substances, impacts to wetlands, leaks from underground storage tanks and
the
management, removal and disposal of lead- and asbestos-containing materials.
In
certain circumstances, these laws and regulations impose obligations on the
owners or operators of residential properties such as those subject to the
loans. The failure to comply with these laws and regulations may result in
fines
and penalties.
Moreover,
under various federal, state and local laws and regulations, an owner or
operator of real estate may be liable for the costs of addressing hazardous
substances on, in or beneath such property and related costs. Liability may
be
imposed without regard to whether the owner or operator knew of, or was
responsible for, the presence of hazardous substances, and could exceed the
value of the property and the aggregate assets of the owner or operator.
In
addition, persons who transport or dispose of hazardous substances, or arrange
for the transportation, disposal or treatment of hazardous substances, at
off-site locations may also be held liable if there are releases or threatened
releases of hazardous substances at such off-site locations.
In
addition, under the laws of some states and under the Federal Comprehensive
Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA), contamination
of property may give rise to a lien on the property to assure the payment
of the
costs of clean-up. In several states, such a lien has priority over the lien
of
an existing mortgage against the property. Under CERCLA, the clean-up lien
is
subordinate to pre-existing, perfected security interests.
Under
the
laws of some states, and under CERCLA, there is a possibility that a lender
may
be held liable as an “owner or operator” for costs of addressing releases or
threatened releases of hazardous substances at a property, regardless of
whether
or not the environmental damage or threat was caused by the current or prior
owner or operator. CERCLA and some state laws provide an exemption from the
definition of “owner or operator” for a secured creditor who, without
“participating in the management” of a facility, holds indicia of ownership
primarily to protect its security interest in the facility. The Solid Waste
Disposal Act (SWDA) provides similar protection to secured creditors in
connection with liability for releases of petroleum from certain underground
storage tanks. However, if a lender “participates in the management” of the
facility in question or is found not to have held its interest primarily
to
protect a security interest, the lender may forfeit its secured creditor
exemption status.
A
regulation promulgated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
in
April 1992 attempted to clarify the activities in which lenders could engage
both prior to and subsequent to foreclosure of a security interest without
forfeiting the secured creditor exemption under CERCLA. The rule was struck
down
in 1994 by the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia
Circuit in Kelley
ex rel State of Michigan v. Environmental Protection Agency,
15 F.3d
1100 (D.C. Cir. 1994), reh’g
denied,
25 F.3d
1088, cert.
denied sub nom. Am. Bankers Ass’n v. Kelley,
115
S.Ct. 900 (1995). Another EPA regulation promulgated in 1995 clarifies the
activities in which lenders may engage without forfeiting the secured creditor
exemption under the underground storage tank provisions of SWDA. That regulation
has not been struck down.
On
September 30, 1996, Congress enacted the Asset Conservation, Limited Liability
and Deposit Insurance Protection Act (ACA) which amended both CERCLA and
SWDA to
provide additional clarification regarding the scope of the lender liability
exemptions under the two statutes. Among other things, ACA specifies the
circumstances under which a lender will be protected by the CERCLA and SWDA
exemptions, both while the borrower is still in possession of the secured
property and following foreclosure on the secured property.
Generally,
ACA states that a lender who holds indicia of ownership primarily to protect
a
security interest in a facility will be considered to participate in management
only if, while the borrower is still in possession of the facility encumbered
by
the security interest, the lender
· |
exercises
decision-making control over environmental compliance related to
the
facility such that the lender has undertaken responsibility for
hazardous
substance handling or disposal practices related to the facility
or
|
· |
exercises
control at a level comparable to that of a manager of the facility
such
that the lender has assumed or manifested responsibility for (a)
overall
management of the facility encompassing daily decision-making with
respect
to environmental compliance or (b) overall or substantially all
of the
operational functions (as distinguished from financial or administrative
functions) of the facility other than the function of environmental
compliance.
|
ACA
also
specifies certain activities that are not considered to be “participation in
management,” including monitoring or enforcing the terms of the extension of
credit or security interest, inspecting the facility, and requiring a lawful
means of addressing the release or threatened release of a hazardous
substance.
ACA
also
specifies that a lender who did not participate in management of a facility
prior to foreclosure will not be considered an “owner or operator,” even if the
lender forecloses on the facility and after foreclosure sells or liquidates
the
facility, maintains business activities, winds up operations, undertakes
an
appropriate response action, or takes any other measure to preserve, protect,
or
prepare the facility prior to sale or disposition, if the lender seeks to
sell
or otherwise divest the facility at the earliest practicable, commercially
reasonable time, on commercially reasonable terms, taking into account market
conditions and legal and regulatory requirements.
ACA
specifically addresses the potential liability of lenders who hold mortgages
or
similar conventional security interests in real property, such as the trust
fund
does in connection with the mortgage loans and the Home Improvement
Contracts.
If
a
lender is or becomes liable under CERCLA, it may be authorized to bring a
statutory action for contribution against any other “responsible parties,”
including a previous owner or operator. However, these persons or entities
may
be bankrupt or otherwise judgment proof, and the costs associated with
environmental cleanup and related actions may be substantial. Moreover, some
state laws imposing liability for addressing hazardous substances do not
contain
exemptions from liability for lenders. Whether the costs of addressing a
release
or threatened release at a property pledged as collateral for one of the
loans
would be imposed on the related trust fund, and thus occasion a loss to the
holders, therefore depends on the specific factual and legal circumstances
at
issue.
Rights
of Redemption
In
some
states, after sale pursuant to a deed of trust or foreclosure of a mortgage,
the
trustor or mortgagor and foreclosed junior lienors are given a statutory
period
in which to redeem the property from the foreclosure sale. The right of
redemption should be distinguished from the equity of redemption, which is
a
non-statutory right that must be exercised prior to the foreclosure sale.
In
some states, redemption may occur only upon payment of the entire principal
balance of the loan, accrued interest and expenses of foreclosure. In other
states, redemption may be authorized if the former borrower pays only a portion
of the sums due. The effect of a statutory right of redemption is to diminish
the ability of the lender to sell the foreclosed property. The exercise of
a
right of redemption would defeat the title of any purchaser at a foreclosure
sale, or of any purchaser from the lender subsequent to foreclosure or sale
under a deed of trust. Consequently, the practical effect of a right of
redemption is to force the lender to retain the property and pay the expenses
of
ownership until the redemption period has run. In some states, there is no
right
to redeem property after a trustee’s sale under a deed of trust.
Junior
Mortgages; Rights of Senior Mortgages
The
mortgage loans comprising or underlying the primary assets included in the
trust
fund for a series will be secured by mortgages or deeds of trust, which may
be
second or more junior mortgages to other mortgages held by other lenders
or
institutional investors. The rights of the related trust fund (and therefore
of
the securityholders), as mortgagee under a junior mortgage, are subordinate
to
those of the mortgagee under the senior mortgage, including the prior rights
of
the senior mortgagee to receive hazard insurance and condemnation proceeds
and
to cause the property securing the mortgage loan to be sold upon default
of the
mortgagor, thereby extinguishing the junior mortgagee’s lien unless the junior
mortgagee asserts its subordinate interest in the property in foreclosure
litigation and, possibly, satisfies the defaulted senior mortgage. A junior
mortgagee may satisfy a defaulted senior loan in full and, in some states,
may
cure the default and bring the senior loan current, in either event adding
the
amounts expended to the balance due on the junior loan. In most states, absent
a
provision in the mortgage or deed of trust, no notice of default is required
to
be given to a junior mortgagee.
The
standard form of the mortgage used by most institutional lenders confers
on the
mortgagee the right both to receive all proceeds collected under any hazard
insurance policy and all awards made in connection with condemnation
proceedings, and to apply the proceeds and awards to any indebtedness secured
by
the mortgage, in such order as the mortgagee may determine. Thus, in the
event
improvements on the property are damaged or destroyed by fire or other casualty,
or in the event the property is taken by condemnation, the mortgagee or
beneficiary under underlying senior mortgages will have the prior right to
collect any insurance proceeds payable under a hazard insurance policy and
any
award of damages in connection with the condemnation and to apply the same
to
the indebtedness secured by the senior mortgages. Proceeds in excess of the
amount of senior mortgage indebtedness, in most cases, may be applied to
the
indebtedness of a junior mortgage.
Another
provision sometimes found in the form of the mortgage or deed of trust used
by
institutional lenders obligates the mortgagor to pay before delinquency all
taxes and assessments on the property and, when due, all encumbrances, charges
and liens on the property that appear prior to the mortgage or deed of trust,
to
provide and maintain fire insurance on the property, to maintain and repair
the
property and not to commit or permit any waste thereof, and to appear in
and
defend any action or proceeding purporting to affect the property or the
rights
of the mortgagee under the mortgage. Upon a failure of the mortgagor to perform
any of these obligations, the mortgagee is given the right under certain
mortgages to perform the obligation itself, at its election, with the mortgagor
agreeing to reimburse the mortgagee for any sums expended by the mortgagee
on
behalf of the mortgagor. All sums so expended by the mortgagee become part
of
the indebtedness secured by the mortgage.
Anti-Deficiency
Legislation and Other Limitations on Lenders
Certain
states have imposed statutory prohibitions that limit the remedies of a
beneficiary under a deed of trust or a mortgagee under a mortgage. In some
states, statutes limit the right of the beneficiary or mortgagee to obtain
a
deficiency judgment against the borrower following foreclosure or sale under
a
deed of trust. A deficiency judgment is a personal judgment against the former
borrower equal in most cases to the difference between the net amount realized
upon the public sale of the real property and the amount due to the lender.
Other statutes require the beneficiary or mortgagee to exhaust the security
afforded under a deed of trust or mortgage by foreclosure in an attempt to
satisfy the full debt before bringing a personal action against the borrower.
In
other states, the lender has the option of bringing a personal action against
the borrower on the debt without first exhausting the security. However,
in some
of these states, the lender, following judgment on the personal action, may
be
deemed to have elected a remedy and may be precluded from exercising remedies
with respect to the security. Consequently, the practical effect of the election
requirement, when applicable, is that lenders will usually proceed first
against
the security rather than bringing a personal action against the borrower.
Finally, other statutory provisions limit any deficiency judgment against
the
former borrower following a foreclosure sale to the excess of the outstanding
debt over the fair market value of the property at the time of the public
sale.
The purpose of these statutes is generally to prevent a beneficiary or a
mortgagee from obtaining a large deficiency judgment against the former borrower
as a result of low or no bids at the foreclosure sale.
In
addition to laws limiting or prohibiting deficiency judgments, numerous other
statutory provisions, including the Federal Bankruptcy Code, the Relief Act
and
state laws affording relief to debtors, may interfere with or affect the
ability
of the secured lender to realize upon collateral and/or enforce a deficiency
judgment. For example, with respect to Federal Bankruptcy Code, the filing
of a
petition acts as a stay against the enforcement of remedies for collection
of a
debt. Moreover, a court with federal bankruptcy jurisdiction may permit a
debtor
through a rehabilitation plan under chapter 13 of the Federal Bankruptcy
Code to
cure a monetary default with respect to a loan on his residence by paying
arrearages within a reasonable time period and reinstating the original loan
payment schedule even though the lender accelerated the loan and the lender
has
taken all steps to realize upon its security (provided no sale of the property
has yet occurred) prior to the filing of the debtor’s chapter 13 petition. Some
courts with federal bankruptcy jurisdiction have approved plans, based on
the
particular facts of the reorganization case, that effected the curing of
a loan
default by permitting the obligor to pay arrearages over a number of
years.
Courts
with federal bankruptcy jurisdiction have also indicated that the terms of
a
mortgage loan may be modified if the borrower has filed a petition under
chapter
13. These courts have suggested that such modifications may include reducing
the
amount of each monthly payment, changing the rate of interest, altering the
repayment schedule and reducing the lender’s security interest to the value of
the residence, thus leaving the lender a general unsecured creditor for the
difference between the value of the residence and the outstanding balance
of the
loan. Federal bankruptcy law and limited case law indicate that the foregoing
modifications could not be applied to the terms of a loan secured by property
that is the principal residence of the debtor. In all cases, the secured
creditor is entitled to the value of its security plus post-petition interest,
attorney’s fees and costs to the extent the value of the security exceeds the
debt.
In
a
chapter 11 case under the Federal Bankruptcy Code, the lender is precluded
from
foreclosing without authorization from the bankruptcy court. The lender’s lien
may be transferred to other collateral and/or be limited in amount to the
value
of the lender’s interest in the collateral as of the date of the bankruptcy. The
loan term may be extended, the interest rate may be adjusted to market rates
and
the priority of the loan may be subordinated to bankruptcy court-approved
financing. The bankruptcy court can, in effect, invalidate due-on-sale clauses
through confirmed Chapter 11 plans of reorganization.
The
Federal Bankruptcy Code provides priority to certain tax liens over the lender’s
security. This may delay or interfere with the enforcement of rights in respect
of a defaulted mortgage loan. In addition, substantive requirements are imposed
upon lenders in connection with the origination and the servicing of mortgage
loans by numerous federal and some state consumer protection laws. The laws
include the Federal Truth in Lending Act, Real Estate Settlement Procedures
Act,
Equal Credit Opportunity Act, Fair Credit Billing Act, Fair Credit Reporting
Act
and related statutes and regulations. These federal laws impose specific
statutory liabilities upon lenders that originate loans and that fail to
comply
with the provisions of the law. In some cases, this liability may affect
assignees of the loans.
Due-on-Sale
Clauses in Mortgage Loans
Due-on-sale
clauses permit the lender to accelerate the maturity of the loan if the borrower
sells or transfers, whether voluntarily or involuntarily, all or part of
the
real property securing the loan without the lender’s prior written consent. The
enforceability of these clauses has been the subject of legislation or
litigation in many states, and in some cases, typically involving single
family
residential mortgage transactions, their enforceability has been limited
or
denied. In any event, the Garn-St. Germain Depository Institutions Act of
1982
preempts state constitutional, statutory and case law that prohibits the
enforcement of due-on-sale clauses and permits lenders to enforce these clauses
in accordance with their terms, subject to certain exceptions. As a result,
due-on-sale clauses have become generally enforceable except in those states
whose legislatures exercised their authority to regulate the enforceability
of
such clauses with respect to mortgage loans that were (i) originated or assumed
during the “window period” under the Garn-St. Germain Act, which ended in all
cases not later than October 15, 1982, and (ii) originated by lenders other
than
national banks, federal savings institutions and federal credit unions. Freddie
Mac has taken the position in its published mortgage servicing standards
that,
out of a total of eleven “window period states,” five states (Arizona, Michigan,
Minnesota, New Mexico and Utah) have enacted statutes extending, on various
terms and for varying periods, the prohibition on enforcement of due-on-sale
clauses with respect to certain categories of window period loans. Also,
the
Garn-St. Germain Act does “encourage” lenders to permit assumption of loans at
the original rate of interest or at some other rate less than the average
of the
original rate and the market rate.
In
addition, under the Federal Bankruptcy Code, due-on-sale clauses may not
be
enforceable in bankruptcy proceedings and may, under certain circumstances,
be
eliminated in any modified mortgage resulting from bankruptcy
proceedings.
Enforceability
of Prepayment and Late Payment Fees
Forms
of
notes, mortgages and deeds of trust used by lenders may contain provisions
obligating the borrower to pay a late charge if payments are not timely made,
and in some circumstances may provide for prepayment fees or penalties if
the
obligation is paid prior to maturity. In certain states, there are or may
be
specific limitations upon the late charges a lender may collect from a borrower
for delinquent payments. Certain states also limit the amounts that a lender
may
collect from a borrower as an additional charge if the loan is prepaid. Late
charges and prepayment fees are typically retained by servicers as additional
servicing compensation. Although the Parity Act permits the collection of
prepayment charges and late fees in connection with some types of eligible
loans
preempting any contrary state law prohibitions, some states may not recognize
the preemptive authority of the Parity Act or have formally opted out of
the
Parity Act. As a result, it is possible that prepayment charges and late
fees
may not be collected even on loans that provide for the payment of those
charges. The master servicer or another entity identified in the accompanying
prospectus supplement will be entitled to all prepayment charges and late
payment charges received on the loans and those amounts will not be available
for payment on the bonds. The Office of Thrift Supervision (OTS), the agency
that administers the Parity Act for unregulated housing creditors, withdrew
its
favorable Parity Act regulations and Chief Counsel Opinions that previously
authorized lenders to charge prepayment charges and late fees in certain
circumstances notwithstanding contrary state law, effective with respect
to
loans originated on or after July 1, 2003. However, the OTS’s ruling does not
retroactively affect loans originated before July 1, 2003.
Equitable
Limitations on Remedies
In
connection with lenders’ attempts to realize upon their security, courts have
invoked general equitable principles. The equitable principles are generally
designed to relieve the borrower from the legal effect of his default under
the
loan documents. Examples of judicial remedies that have been fashioned include
judicial requirements that the lender undertake affirmative and expensive
actions to determine the causes of the borrower’s default and the likelihood
that the borrower will be able to reinstate the loan. In some cases, courts
have
substituted their judgment for the lender’s judgment and have required that
lenders reinstate loans or recast payment schedules in order to accommodate
borrowers who are suffering from temporary financial disability. In other
cases,
courts have limited the right of a lender to realize upon its security if
the
default under the security agreement is not monetary, such as the borrower’s
failure to adequately maintain the property or the borrower’s execution of
secondary financing affecting the property. Finally, some courts have been
faced
with the issue of whether or not federal or state constitutional provisions
reflecting due process concerns for adequate notice require that borrowers
under
security agreements receive notices in addition to the statutorily-prescribed
minimums. For the most part, these cases have upheld the notice provisions
as
being reasonable or have found that, in cases involving the sale by a trustee
under a deed of trust or by a mortgagee under a mortgage having a power of
sale,
there is insufficient state action to afford constitutional protections to
the
borrower.
Most
conventional single-family mortgage loans may be prepaid in full or in part
without penalty. The regulations of the Office of Thrift Supervision prohibit
the imposition of a prepayment penalty or equivalent fee for or in connection
with the acceleration of a loan by exercise of a due-on-sale clause. A mortgagee
to whom a prepayment in full has been tendered may be compelled to give either
a
release of the mortgage or an instrument assigning the existing mortgage.
The
absence of a restraint on prepayment, particularly with respect to mortgage
loans having higher mortgage rates, may increase the likelihood of refinancing
or other early retirements of such mortgage loans.
Applicability
of Usury Laws
Title
V
of the Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980
provides that state usury limitations shall not apply to certain types of
residential first mortgage loans originated by certain lenders after March
31,
1980. Similar federal statutes were in effect with respect to mortgage loans
made during the first three months of 1980. The Office of Thrift Supervision,
as
successor to the Federal Home Loan Bank Board, is authorized to issue rules
and
regulations and to publish interpretations governing implementation of Title
V.
Title
V
authorizes any state to reimpose interest rate limits by adopting a state
law
before April 1, 1983 or by certifying that the voters of such state have
voted
in favor of any provision, constitutional or otherwise, which expressly rejects
an application of the federal law. Fifteen states adopted such a law prior
to
the April 1, 1983 deadline. In addition, even where Title V is not rejected,
any
state is authorized by the law to adopt a provision limiting discount points
or
other charges on mortgage loans covered by Title V.
The
Home Improvement Contracts and the Manufactured Housing
Contracts
General
The
Home
Improvement Contracts and Manufactured Housing Contracts, other than those
that
are unsecured or secured by mortgages on real estate, generally are “chattel
paper” or constitute “purchase money security interests,” each as defined in the
Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) in effect in the applicable jurisdiction. Pursuant
to the UCC, the sale of chattel paper is treated in a manner similar to
perfection of a security interest in chattel paper. Under the related agreement,
the depositor will transfer physical possession of the contracts to the trustee
or a custodian or may retain possession of the contracts as custodian for
the
trustee. In addition, the depositor will make an appropriate filing of a
UCC-1
financing statement in the appropriate states to give notice of the trustee’s
ownership of the contracts. The contracts will typically not be stamped or
otherwise marked to reflect their assignment from the depositor to the trustee.
Therefore,
if through negligence, fraud or otherwise, a subsequent purchaser were able
to
take physical possession of the contracts without notice of such assignment,
the
trustee’s interest in the contracts could be defeated.
Security
Interests in Home Improvements
A
Home
Improvement Contract that is secured by the related home improvements grants
to
the originator of the contract a purchase money security interest in the
related
home improvements to secure all or part of the purchase price of the home
improvements and related services. A financing statement generally is not
required to be filed to perfect a purchase money security interest in consumer
goods. Purchase money security interests of this type are assignable. In
general, a purchase money security interest grants to the holder a security
interest that has priority over a conflicting security interest in the same
collateral and the proceeds of the collateral. However, to the extent that
the
collateral subject to a purchase money security interest becomes a fixture,
in
order for the related purchase money security interest to take priority over
a
conflicting interest in the fixture, the holder’s interest in the home
improvement must generally be perfected by a timely fixture filing. In general,
under the UCC, a security interest does not exist under the UCC in ordinary
building material incorporated into an improvement on land. Home Improvement
Contracts that finance lumber, bricks, other types of ordinary building material
or other goods that are deemed to lose their characterization, upon
incorporation of the materials into the related property, will not be secured
by
a purchase money security interest in the home improvement being
financed.
Enforcement
of Security Interest in Home Improvements
So
long
as the home improvement has not become subject to real estate law, a creditor
can repossess a home improvement securing a Home Improvement Contract by
voluntary surrender, by “self-help” repossession that is “peaceful”
(i.e.,
without
breach of the peace) or, in the absence of voluntary surrender and the ability
to repossess without breach of the peace, by judicial process. The holder
of a
Home Improvement Contract must give the debtor a number of days’ notice, which
varies from ten to 30 days depending on the state, prior to commencement
of any
repossession. The UCC and consumer protection laws in most states place
restrictions on repossession sales, including requiring prior notice to the
debtor and commercial reasonableness in effecting the sale. The law in most
states also requires that the debtor be given notice of any sale prior to
resale
of the unit that the debtor may redeem it at or before resale.
Under
the
laws applicable in most states, a creditor is entitled to obtain a deficiency
judgment from a debtor for any deficiency on repossession and resale of the
property securing the debtor’s loan. However, some states impose prohibitions or
limitations on deficiency judgments, and in many cases the defaulting borrower
will have no assets from which to pay a judgment.
Certain
other statutory provisions, including federal and state bankruptcy and
insolvency laws and general equitable principles, may limit or delay the
ability
of a lender to repossess and resell collateral or enforce a deficiency
judgment.
Security
Interests in the Manufactured Homes
The
manufactured homes securing the Manufactured Housing Contracts may be located
in
all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Security interests in manufactured
homes may be perfected either by notation of the secured party’s lien on the
certificate of title or by delivery of the required documents and payment
of a
fee to the state motor vehicle authority, depending on state law. The security
interests of the trustee in the manufactured homes will not be noted on the
certificates of title or by delivery of the required documents and payment
of
fees to the applicable state motor vehicle authorities unless the related
prospectus supplement so requires. With respect to each transaction, a decision
will be made as to whether or not the security interests of the trustee in
the
manufactured homes will be noted on the certificates of title and the required
documents and fees will be delivered to the applicable state motor vehicle
authorities based upon, among other things, the practices and procedures
of the
related originator and servicer and after consultation with the applicable
rating agency or rating agencies. In some nontitle states, perfection pursuant
to the provisions of the UCC is required. As manufactured homes have become
large and often have been attached to their sites without any apparent intention
to move them, courts in many states have held that manufactured homes, under
particular circumstances, may become governed by real estate title and recording
laws. As a result, a security interest in a manufactured home could be rendered
subordinate to the interests of other parties claiming an interest in the
manufactured home under applicable state real estate law. In order to perfect
a
security interest in a manufactured home under real estate laws, the secured
party must file either a “fixture filing” under the provisions of the UCC or a
real estate mortgage under the real estate laws of the state where the home
is
located. These filings must be made in the real estate records office of
the
county where the manufactured home is located. If so specified in the related
prospectus supplement, the Manufactured Housing Contracts may contain provisions
prohibiting the borrower from permanently attaching the manufactured home
to its
site. So long as the borrower does not violate this agreement, a security
interest in the manufactured home will be governed by the certificate of
title
laws or the UCC, and the notation of the security interest on the certificate
of
title or the filing of a UCC financing statement will be effective to maintain
the priority of the security interest in the manufactured home. If, however,
a
manufactured home is permanently attached to its site, the related lender
may be
required to perfect a security interest in the manufactured home under
applicable real estate laws.
In
the
event that the owner of a manufactured home moves it to a state other than
the
state in which the manufactured home initially is registered, under the laws
of
most states the perfected security interest in the manufactured home would
continue for four months after relocation and, after expiration of the four
months, only if and after the owner re-registers the manufactured home in
the
new state. If the owner were to relocate a manufactured home to another state
and not re-register a security interest in that state, the security interest
in
the manufactured home would cease to be perfected. A majority of states
generally require surrender of a certificate of title to re-register a
manufactured home. Accordingly, the secured party must surrender possession
if
it holds the certificate of title to the manufactured home or, in the case
of
manufactured homes registered in states which provide for notation of lien
on
the certificate of title, notice of surrender would be given to the secured
party noted on the certificate of title. In states which do not require a
certificate of title for registration of a manufactured home, re-registration
could defeat perfection.
Under
the
laws of most states, liens for repairs performed on a manufactured home and
liens for personal property taxes take priority over a perfected security
interest in the manufactured home.
Consumer
Protection Laws
The
so-called “Holder-in-Due-Course” rule of the Federal Trade Commission is
intended to defeat the ability of the transferor of a consumer credit contract
that is the seller of goods that gave rise to the transaction (and certain
related lenders and assignees) to transfer the contract free of notice of
claims
by the related debtor. The effect of this rule is to subject the assignee
of the
contract to all claims and defenses the debtor could assert against the seller
of goods. Liability under this rule is limited to amounts paid under a contract;
however, the obligor also may be able to assert the rule to set off remaining
amounts due as a defense against a claim brought by the trustee against such
obligor. Numerous other federal and state consumer protection laws impose
requirements applicable to the origination and lending pursuant to the
contracts, including the Federal Truth in Lending Act, the Federal Trade
Commission Act, the Fair Credit Billing Act, the Fair Credit Reporting Act,
the
Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Fair Debt Collection Practices Act and
the
Uniform Consumer Credit Code. In the case of some of these laws, the failure
to
comply with their provisions may affect the enforceability of the related
contract.
Applicability
of Usury Laws
Title
V
of the Depository Institutions Deregulation and Monetary Control Act of 1980
provides that, subject to the following conditions, state usury limitations
shall not apply to any contract that is secured by a first lien on certain
kinds
of consumer goods. The Home Improvement Contracts or Manufactured Housing
Contracts would be covered if they satisfy certain conditions, among other
things, governing the terms of any prepayments, late charges and deferral
fees
and requiring a 30-day notice period prior to instituting any action leading
to
repossession of the related unit.
Title
V
authorized any state to reimpose limitations on interest rates and finance
charges by adopting before April 1, 1983 a law or constitutional provision
that
expressly rejects application of the federal law. Fifteen states adopted
such a
law prior to the April 1, 1983 deadline. In addition, even where Title V
was not
rejected, any state is authorized by the law to adopt a provision limiting
discount points or other charges on loans covered by Title V.
Installment
Sales Contracts
The
loans
may also consist of installment sales contracts. Under an installment sales
contract the seller/lender retains legal title to the property and enters
into
an agreement with the purchaser/borrower for the payment of the purchase
price,
plus interest, over the term of the contract. Only after full performance
by the
purchaser/borrower of the contract is the seller/lender obligated to convey
title to the property to the borrower. As with mortgage or deed of trust
financing, during the effective period of the installment sales contract,
the
borrower is generally responsible for maintaining the property in good condition
and for paying real estate taxes, assessments and hazard insurance policy
premiums associated with the property.
The
method of enforcing the rights of the seller/lender under an installment
sales
contract varies on a state-by-state basis depending upon the extent to which
state courts are willing, or able pursuant to state statute, to enforce the
contract strictly according to the terms. The terms of installment sales
contracts generally provide that upon a default by the borrower, the borrower
loses his right to occupy the property, the entire indebtedness is accelerated,
and the borrower’s equitable interest in the property is forfeited. The
seller/lender in such a situation does not have to foreclose in order to
obtain
title to the property, although in some cases a quiet title action is in
order
if the borrower has filed the installment sales contract in local land records
and an ejectment action may be necessary to recover possession. In a few
states,
particularly in cases of borrower default during the early years of an
installment sales contract, the courts will permit ejectment of the buyer
and a
forfeiture of his interest in the property. However, most state legislatures
have enacted provisions by analogy to mortgage law protecting borrowers under
installment sales contracts from the harsh consequences of forfeiture. Under
these statutes, a judicial or nonjudicial foreclosure may be required, the
lender may be required to give notice of default and the borrower may be
granted
some grace period during which the installment sales contract may be reinstated
upon full payment of the default amount and the borrower may have a
post-foreclosure statutory redemption right. In other states, courts in equity
may permit a borrower with significant investment in the property under an
installment sales contract for the sale of real estate to share in the proceeds
of sale of the property after the indebtedness is repaid or may otherwise
refuse
to enforce the forfeiture clause. Nevertheless, generally speaking, the lender’s
procedures for obtaining possession and clear title under an installment
sales
contract in a given state are simpler and less time-consuming and costly
than
are the procedures for foreclosing and obtaining clear title to a property
subject to one or more liens.
Civil
Relief Act
Under
the
Servicemembers Civil Relief Act, or the Relief Act, members of all branches
of
the military on active duty, including draftees and reservists in military
service,
· |
are
entitled to have their interest rates reduced and capped at 6%
per year,
on obligations (including loans) incurred prior to the commencement
of
military service for the duration of military service,
and
|
· |
may
be entitled to a stay of proceedings on any kind of foreclosure
or
repossession action in the case of defaults on such obligations
entered
into prior to military service for the duration of military service,
and
|
· |
may
have the maturity of their obligations incurred prior to military
service
extended, the payments lowered and the payment schedule readjusted
for a
period of time after the completion of military
service.
|
However,
these benefits are subject to challenge by creditors and if, in the opinion
of
the court, the ability of a person to comply with his obligations is not
materially impaired by military service, the court may apply equitable
principles accordingly. Please note that various state laws may provide borrower
protections similar, but not identical, to the Relief Act.
If
a
borrower’s obligation to repay amounts otherwise due on a loan included in a
trust fund for a series is relieved pursuant to the Relief Act or similar
state
statute, none of the trust fund, the servicer, the depositor or the trustee
will
be required to advance such amounts, and any related loss may reduce the
amounts
available to be paid to the holders of the related securities. Any shortfalls
in
interest collections on loans (or underlying loans), included in a trust
fund
for a series resulting from application of the Relief Act will be allocated
to
each class of securities of the series that is entitled to receive interest
in
respect of the loans (or underlying loans) in proportion to the interest
that
each class of securities would have otherwise been entitled to receive in
respect of the loans (or underlying loans) had the interest shortfall not
occurred.
The
Sponsor
The
sponsor will be EMC Mortgage Corporation (“EMC”) for each series of securities
unless otherwise indicated in the related prospectus supplement. The sponsor
was
incorporated in the State of Delaware on September 26, 1990, as a wholly
owned
subsidiary corporation of The Bear Stearns Companies Inc., and is an affiliate
of the depositor and the underwriter. The sponsor was established as a mortgage
banking company to facilitate the purchase and servicing of whole loan
portfolios containing various levels of quality from “investment quality” to
varying degrees of “non-investment quality” up to and including real estate
owned assets (“REO”). The sponsor commenced operation in Texas on October 9,
1990.
Since
its
inception in 1990, the sponsor has purchased over $100 billion in residential
whole loans and servicing rights, which include the purchase of newly originated
alternative A, jumbo (prime) and sub-prime loans. Loans are purchased on
a bulk
and flow basis. The sponsor is one of the United States’ largest purchasers of
scratch and dent, sub-performing and non-performing residential mortgages
and
REO from various institutions, including banks, mortgage companies, thrifts
and
the U.S. government. Loans are generally purchased with the ultimate strategy
of
securitization into an array of Bear Stearns’ securitizations based upon product
type and credit parameters, including those where the loan has become
re-performing or cash-flowing.
Performing
loans include first lien fixed rate and ARMs, as well as closed end fixed
rate
second liens and lines of credit (“HELOCs”). Performing loans acquired by the
sponsor are subject to varying levels of due diligence prior to purchase.
Portfolios may be reviewed for credit, data integrity, appraisal valuation,
documentation, as well as compliance with certain laws. Performing loans
purchased will have been originated pursuant to the sponsor’s underwriting
guidelines or the originator’s underwriting guidelines that are acceptable to
the sponsor.
Subsequent
to purchase by the sponsor, performing loans are pooled together by product
type
and credit parameters and structured into RMBS, with the assistance of Bear
Stearns’ Financial Analytics and Structured Transactions Group, for distribution
into the primary market.
The
sponsor has been securitizing residential mortgage loans since
1999.
The
Depositor
The
depositor, Bear Stearns Asset Backed Securities I LLC, was formed in the
state
of Delaware in January 2004, and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of The Bear
Stearns Companies Inc.
The
depositor will not engage in any activities other than to authorize, issue,
sell, deliver, purchase and invest in (and enter into agreements in connection
with), and/or to engage in the establishment of one or more trusts, which
will
issue and sell, bonds, notes, debt or equity securities, obligations and
other
securities and instruments. The depositor’s securities must be collateralized or
otherwise secured or backed by, or otherwise represent an interest in, among
other things, receivables or pass-through certificates or participations
or
certificates of participation or beneficial ownership in one or more pools
of
receivables, and the proceeds of the foregoing, that arise in connection
with
loans secured by senior or junior mortgages on real estate or manufactured
housing and any and all other commercial transactions and commercial, sovereign,
student or consumer loans or indebtedness. The depositor may purchase, acquire,
own, hold, transfer, convey, service, sell, pledge, assign, finance and
otherwise deal with such receivables, pass-through certificates, or
participations or certificates of participation or beneficial ownership.
Article
Three of the depositor’s Limited Liability Company Agreement limits the
depositor’s activities to the above activities and certain related activities,
such as credit enhancement with respect to depositor securities, and to any
activities incidental to and necessary or convenient for the accomplishment
of
those purposes.
The
depositor has been serving as a private secondary mortgage market conduit
for
residential mortgage loans since 2004. In conjunction with EMC’s acquisition of
mortgage loans, the depositor will execute a mortgage loan purchase agreement
through which the loans will be transferred to itself. These loans are
subsequently deposited in a common law or statutory trust, described in this
prospectus, which will then issue the certificates.
After
issuance and registration of the securities contemplated in this prospectus,
in
the related prospectus supplement and any supplement hereto, the depositor
will
have substantially no duties or responsibilities with respect to the pool
assets
or the securities, other than certain administrative duties as described
in the
related prospectus supplement.
Use
of Proceeds
The
depositor will apply all or substantially all of the net proceeds from the
sale
of each of the related trust fund series of securities for one or more of
the
following purposes:
· |
to
purchase the primary assets of the related trust fund,
|
· |
to
repay indebtedness incurred to obtain funds to acquire the primary
assets
of the related trust fund,
|
· |
to
establish any reserve funds described in the related prospectus
supplement, and
|
· |
to
pay costs of structuring and issuing the securities, including
the costs
of obtaining any credit
enhancement.
|
If
specified in the related prospectus supplement, the purchase of the primary
assets for a series may be effected by delivering the securities to the sponsor
or any other seller in exchange for the primary assets.
Material
Federal Income Tax Considerations
General
The
following summary of the material federal income tax consequences of the
purchase, ownership, and disposition of the securities is based on the opinion
of any one of Thacher Proffitt & Wood llp,
Orrick,
Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP, Greenberg Traurig, LLP or other tax counsel
designated in the prospectus supplement as tax counsel to the depositor or
the
trust. This summary is based upon the provisions of the Code, the regulations
promulgated thereunder, including, where applicable, proposed regulations,
and
the judicial and administrative rulings and decisions now in effect, all
of
which are subject to change or possible differing interpretations. The statutory
provisions, regulations, and interpretations on which this interpretation
is
based are subject to change either prospectively or retroactively.
The
summary does not purport to deal with all aspects of federal income taxation
that may affect particular investors in light of their individual circumstances.
This summary focuses primarily upon investors who will hold securities as
“capital assets” (generally, property held for investment) within the meaning of
Section 1221 of the Code. If penalties were asserted against purchasers of
the
Securities offered hereunder in respect of their treatment of the Securities
for
tax purposes, the summary of tax considerations contained, and the opinions
stated herein or in the prospectus supplement may not meet the conditions
necessary for purchasers’ reliance on that summary and those opinions to
exculpate them from the asserted penalties. Prospective investors are encouraged
to consult their own tax advisers concerning the federal, state, local and
any
other tax consequences as relates specifically to such investors in connection
with the purchase, ownership and disposition of the securities.
The
federal income tax consequences to securityholders will vary depending on
whether:
· |
the
securities of a series are classified as
indebtedness;
|
· |
an
election is made to treat the trust fund relating to a particular
series
of securities as one or more real estate mortgage investment conduits
or
REMICs under the Code;
|
· |
the
securities represent an ownership interest in some or all of the
assets
included in the trust fund for a series;
or
|
· |
an
election is made to treat the trust fund relating to a particular
series
of certificates as a partnership.
|
The
prospectus supplement for each series of securities will specify how the
securities will be treated for federal income tax purposes and will discuss
whether one or more REMIC elections, if any, will be made with respect to
the
series.
Status
as Real Property Loans.
Except
to the extent otherwise provided in the related prospectus supplement, if
the
securities are regular interests in a REMIC or represent interests in a grantor
trust, in the opinion of tax counsel:
· |
securities
held by a domestic building and loan association will constitute
“loans...
secured by an interest in real property” within the meaning of Section
7701(a)(19)(C)(v) of the Code; and
|
· |
securities
held by a real estate investment trust will constitute “real estate
assets” within the meaning of Section 856(c)(4)(A) of the Code and
interest on securities will be considered “interest on obligations secured
by mortgages on real property or on interests in real property” within the
meaning of Section 856(c)(3)(B) of the
Code.
|
· |
To
the extent that the securities are neither regular interests in
a REMIC
nor interests in a grantor trust, they may not have the character
described in the preceding
sentence.
|
Taxation
of Debt Securities
Interest
and Acquisition Discount.
Securities that are REMIC regular interests are generally taxable to holders
in
the same manner as evidences of indebtedness issued by the REMIC. Stated
interest on the securities that are REMIC regular interests will be taxable
as
ordinary income and taken into account using the accrual method of accounting,
regardless of the holder’s regular method of accounting. Interest (other than
original issue discount) on securities (other than securities that are REMIC
regular interests) which are characterized as indebtedness for federal income
tax purposes will be includible in income by holders thereof in accordance
with
their usual methods of accounting. When we refer to “debt securities” in this
section, we mean securities characterized as debt for federal income tax
purposes, including securities that are REMIC regular interests.
Debt
securities that permit interest to accrue for more than one year before the
payments of that interest and certain of the other debt securities issued
at a
discount may be issued with “original issue discount” or OID. The following
discussion is based in part on the regulations issued under Sections 1271
through 1273 and 1275 of the Code, or OID Regulations. Holders are encouraged
to
be aware, however, that the OID Regulations do not adequately address certain
issues relevant to prepayable securities, such as the debt
securities.
In
general, OID is the difference between the stated redemption price at maturity
of a debt security and its issue price. A holder of a debt security must
include
OID in gross income as ordinary interest income as it accrues under a method
taking into account an economic accrual of the discount. In general, OID
must be
included in income in advance of the receipt of the cash representing that
income. The amount of OID on a debt security will be considered to be zero
if it
is less than a de
minimis amount
determined under the Code.
The
issue
price of a debt security is the first price at which a substantial amount
of
debt securities of that class are sold to the public (excluding bond houses,
brokers, underwriters or wholesalers). If less than a substantial amount
of a
particular class of debt securities is sold for cash on or prior to the closing
date, the issue price for that class will be treated as the fair market value
of
that class on the closing date. The issue price of a debt security also includes
the amount paid by an initial debt securityholder for accrued interest that
relates to a period prior to the issue date of the debt security.
The
stated redemption price at maturity of a debt security is the sum of all
payments provided by the security other than “qualified stated interest”
payments. Under the OID Regulations, qualified stated interest generally
means
interest payable at a single fixed rate or qualified variable rate (as described
below), provided that the interest payments are unconditionally payable at
intervals of one year or less during the entire term of the debt security.
The
OID Regulations state that interest payments are unconditionally payable
only if
a late payment or nonpayment is expected to be penalized or reasonable remedies
exist to compel payment or the terms of the debt instrument otherwise make
late
payment or non-payment remote. Debt securities may provide for default remedies
in the event of late payment or nonpayment of interest. Although the matter
is
not free from doubt, the trustee intends to treat interest on such debt
securities as unconditionally payable and as constituting qualified stated
interest. Interest is payable at a single fixed rate only if the rate
appropriately takes into account the length of the interval between payments.
Distributions of interest on debt securities with respect to which deferred
interest will accrue will not constitute qualified stated interest payments,
in
which case the stated redemption price at maturity of such debt securities
includes all distributions of interest thereon. Where the interval between
the
issue date and the first distribution date on a debt security is longer than
the
interval between subsequent distribution dates, the greater of (i) the
interest foregone and (ii) the excess of the stated principal amount over
the issue price will be included in the stated redemption price at maturity
and
tested under the de
minimis rule
described below. Where the interval between the issue date and the first
distribution date on a debt security is shorter than the interval between
subsequent distribution dates, all of the additional interest will be included
in the stated redemption price at maturity and tested under the de
minimis rule
described below. In the case of a debt security with a long first period
that
has non-de
minimis OID,
all
stated interest in excess of interest payable at the effective interest rate
for
the long first period will be included in the stated redemption price at
maturity and the debt security will generally have OID. Holders of debt
securities are encouraged to consult their own tax advisors to determine
the
issue price and stated redemption price at maturity of a debt
security.
Under
the
de
minimis rule,
OID
on a debt security will generally be considered to be zero if the OID is
less
than 0.25% of the stated redemption price at maturity of the debt security
multiplied by the weighted average maturity of the debt security. For this
purpose, the weighted average maturity of the debt security is computed as
the
sum of the amounts determined by multiplying the number of full years
(i.e.,
rounding down partial years) from the issue date until each distribution
in
reduction of stated redemption price at maturity is scheduled to be made
by a
fraction, the numerator of which is the amount of each distribution included
in
the stated redemption price at maturity of the debt security and the denominator
of which is the stated redemption price at maturity of the debt security.
Holders generally must report de
minimis OID
pro
rata as principal payments are received, and such income will be capital
gain if
the debt security is held as a capital asset. However, holders may elect
to
accrue all de
minimis OID
as
well as market discount under a constant yield method. See “—Election to Treat
All Interest as Original Issue Discount” below.
In
addition, under the OID Regulations, there is a special method for determining
whether the OID for a debt security that bears interest for one or more accrual
periods at a rate below the rate applicable for the remaining term of such
debt
security (e.g.,
a debt
security with teaser rates or interest holidays) is de
minimis.
In that
case, the OID will be caused to be more than de
minimis
only if
the greater of (x) the foregone interest on such debt security resulting
from
the teaser rate or interest holiday and (y) any “true” discount on such debt
security (i.e.,
the
excess of the debt security’s stated principal amount over its issue price)
exceeds the de
minimis
amount,
in which case the stated interest on the debt security will be treated as
OID
rather than qualified stated interest.
Debt
securities may provide for interest based on a qualified variable rate. Under
the OID Regulations, interest is generally treated as payable at a qualified
variable rate and not as contingent interest if
· |
the
interest is unconditionally payable at least annually,
|
· |
the
issue price of the debt instrument does not exceed the total noncontingent
principal payments, and
|
· |
interest
is based on a “qualified floating rate,” an “objective rate,” or a
combination of “qualified floating rates” that do not operate in a manner
that significantly accelerates or defers interest payments on the
debt
security.
|
In
the
case of certain of the debt securities, none of the payments under the
instrument will be considered qualified stated interest, and thus the aggregate
amount of all payments will be included in the stated redemption price at
maturity.
The
Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, issued contingent payment regulations
governing the calculation of OID on instruments having contingent interest
payments. These contingent payment regulations represent the only guidance
regarding the views of the IRS with respect to contingent interest instruments
and specifically do not apply for purposes of calculating OID on debt
instruments subject to Section 1272(a)(6) of the Code, such as the debt
securities. Additionally, the OID Regulations do not contain provisions
specifically interpreting Section 1272(a)(6) of the Code. Until the Treasury
issues guidance to the contrary, the trustee intends to base its computation
of
OID on Section 1272(a)(6) of the Code and the OID Regulations as described
in
this prospectus. However, because no regulatory guidance currently exists
under
Section 1272(a)(6) of the Code, there can be no assurance that such methodology
represents the correct manner of calculating OID.
The
holder of a debt security issued with OID must include in gross income, for
all
days during its taxable year on which it holds the debt security, the sum
of the
“daily portions” of OID. The amount of OID includible in income by a holder will
be computed by allocating to each day during an accrual period a pro rata
portion of the OID that accrued during the accrual period. In the case of
a debt
security that is not a REMIC regular interest security and the principal
payments on which are not subject to acceleration resulting from prepayments
on
the loans, the amount of OID includible in income of a holder for an accrual
period (generally the period over which interest accrues on the debt instrument)
will equal the product of the yield to maturity of the debt security and
the
adjusted issue price of the debt security, reduced by any payments of qualified
stated interest. The adjusted issue price is the sum of the debt security’s
issue price plus prior accruals of OID, reduced by the total payments made
with
respect to the debt security in all prior periods other than qualified stated
interest payments.
Certain
classes of the debt securities may be “pay-through securities,” which are debt
instruments that are subject to acceleration due to prepayments on other
debt
obligations securing those instruments. The amount of OID to be included
in the
income of a holder of a pay-through security is computed by taking into account
the prepayment rate assumed in pricing the debt instrument. The amount of
OID
that will accrue during an accrual period on a pay-through security is the
excess,
if any,
of the
|
(a)
|
the
present value of all payments remaining to be made on the pay-through
security as of the close of the accrual period and
|
|
(b)
|
the
payments during the accrual period of amounts included in the stated
redemption price of the pay-through security,
|
over
· |
the
adjusted issue price of the pay-through security at the beginning
of the
accrual period.
|
The
present value of the remaining payments is to be determined on the basis
of
three factors:
· |
the
original yield to maturity of the pay-through security (determined
on the
basis of compounding at the end of each accrual period and properly
adjusted for the length of the accrual period),
|
· |
events
that have occurred before the end of the accrual period and
|
· |
the
assumption that the remaining payments will be made in accordance
with the
original prepayment assumption.
|
The
effect of this method is to increase the portions of OID required to be included
in income by a holder of a pay-through security to take into account prepayments
with respect to the loans at a rate that exceeds the prepayment assumption,
and
to decrease (but not below zero for any period) the portions of OID required
to
be included in income by a holder of a pay-through security to take into
account
prepayments with respect to the loans at a rate that is slower than the
prepayment assumption. Although OID will be reported to holders of pay-through
securities based on the prepayment assumption, no representation is made
to
holders that loans will be prepaid at that rate or at any other
rate.
The
depositor may adjust the accrual of OID on a class of securities that are
REMIC
regular interests in a manner that it believes to be appropriate, to take
account of realized losses on the loans, although the OID Regulations do
not
provide for such adjustments. If the IRS were to require that OID be accrued
without such adjustments, the rate of accrual of OID for a class of securities
that are REMIC regular interests could increase.
Certain
classes of securities may represent more than one class of REMIC regular
interests. Unless otherwise provided in the related prospectus supplement,
the
applicable trustee intends, based on the OID Regulations, to calculate OID
on
such securities as if, solely for the purposes of computing OID, the separate
regular interests were a single debt instrument.
A
subsequent holder of a debt security will also be required to include OID
in
gross income, but a holder who purchases the debt security for an amount
that
exceeds its adjusted issue price will be entitled (as will an initial holder
who
pays more than a debt security’s issue price) to offset such OID by comparable
economic accruals of portions of the excess.
Effects
of Defaults and Delinquencies.
Holders
will be required to accrue interest and OID income with respect to the related
securities without giving effect to delays and reductions in distributions
attributable to a default or delinquency on the loans, except possibly to
the
extent that it can be established that such amounts are uncollectible. As
a
result, the amount of income (including OID) reported by a holder of a security
in any period could significantly exceed the amount of cash distributed to
the
holder in that period. The holder will eventually be allowed a loss (or will
be
allowed to report a lesser amount of income) to the extent that the aggregate
amount of distributions on the securities is reduced as a result of a loan
default. However, the timing and character of losses or reductions in income
are
uncertain and, accordingly, holders of securities are encouraged to consult
their own tax advisors on this point.
Interest
Weighted Securities.
An
“interest weighted security” is a security that is a REMIC regular interest or a
“stripped” security (as discussed under “—Tax Status as a Grantor Trust;
General” below) the payments on which consist solely or primarily of a specified
portion of the interest payments on qualified mortgages held by the REMIC
or on
loans underlying pass-through securities. It is not clear how income should
be
accrued with respect to interest weighted securities. The trustee intends
to
take the position that all of the income derived from an interest weighted
security should be treated as OID and that the amount and rate of accrual
of
such OID should be calculated using the rules described above as applicable
to
debt instruments issued with OID and by treating none of the payments on
the
interest weighted security as qualified stated interest. However, in the
case of
interest weighted securities that are entitled to some payments of principal
and
are REMIC regular interests, the IRS could assert that income derived from
the
interest weighted security should be calculated as if the security were a
security purchased at a premium equal to the excess of the price paid by
the
holder for the security over its stated principal amount, if any. Under this
approach, a holder would be entitled to amortize such premium only if it
has in
effect an election under Section 171 of the Code with respect to all taxable
debt instruments held by such holder, as described below. Alternatively,
the IRS
could assert that an interest weighted security should be taxable under the
rules governing bonds issued with contingent payments. This treatment may
be
more likely in the case of interest weighted securities that are stripped
securities as described below. See “—Tax Status as a Grantor Trust—Discount
or Premium on Pass-Through Securities”
below.
Variable
Rate Debt Securities.
In the
case of debt securities bearing interest at a rate that varies directly,
according to a fixed formula, with an objective index, it appears that the
yield
to maturity of the debt securities and, in the case of pay-through securities,
the present value of all payments remaining to be made on the debt securities,
should be calculated as if the interest index remained at its value as of
the
issue date of the securities. Because the proper method of adjusting accruals
of
OID on a variable rate debt security is uncertain, holders of variable rate
debt
securities are encouraged to consult their own tax advisers regarding the
appropriate treatment of such securities for federal income tax
purposes.
Market
Discount.
A
purchaser of a security may be subject to the market discount rules of sections
1276 through 1278 of the Code. A holder that acquires a debt security with
more
than a prescribed de
minimis amount
of
“market discount” (generally, the excess of the principal amount of the debt
security over the purchaser’s purchase price) will be required to include
accrued market discount in income as ordinary income in each month, but limited
to an amount not exceeding the principal payments on the debt security received
in that month and, if the securities are sold, the gain realized. This market
discount would accrue in a manner to be provided in Treasury regulations
but,
until such regulations are issued, market discount would in general accrue
either
· |
on
the basis of a constant yield (in the case of a pay-through security,
taking into account a prepayment assumption) or
|
· |
in
the ratio of (a) in the case of securities (or, in the case of
a
pass-through security, as set forth below, the loans underlying
the
security) not originally issued with OID, stated interest payable
in the
relevant period to total stated interest remaining to be paid at
the
beginning of the period or (b) in the case of securities (or, in
the case
of a pass-through security, as described below, the loans underlying
the
security) originally issued at a discount, OID in the relevant
period to
total OID remaining to be paid.
|
Section
1277 of the Code provides that, regardless of the origination date of the
debt
security (or, in the case of a pass-through security, the underlying loans),
the
excess of interest paid or accrued to purchase or carry the security (or,
in the
case of a pass-through security, as described below, the underlying loans)
with
market discount over interest received on the security is allowed as a current
deduction only to the extent such excess is greater than the market discount
that accrued during the taxable year in which such interest expense was
incurred. In general, the deferred portion of any interest expense will be
deductible when such market discount is included in income, including upon
the
sale, disposition, or repayment of the security (or, in the case of a
pass-through security, an underlying loan). A holder may elect to include
market
discount in income currently as it accrues on all market discount obligations
acquired by such holder during the taxable year such election is made and
thereafter, in which case the interest deferral rule will not
apply.
Premium.
A
holder who purchases a debt security (other than an interest weighted security
to the extent described above) at a cost greater than its stated redemption
price at maturity, generally will be considered to have purchased the security
at a premium, which it may elect to amortize as an offset to interest income
on
the security (and not as a separate deduction item) on a constant yield method.
Although no regulations addressing the computation of premium accrual on
comparable securities have been issued, the legislative history of The Tax
Reform Act of 1986 indicates that premium is to be accrued in the same manner
as
market discount. Accordingly, it appears that the accrual of premium on a
class
of pay-through securities will be calculated using the prepayment assumption
used in pricing the class. If a holder makes an election to amortize premium
on
a debt security, the election will apply to all taxable debt instruments
(including all REMIC regular interests and all pass-through certificates
representing ownership interests in a trust holding debt obligations) held
by
the holder at the beginning of the taxable year in which the election is
made,
and to all taxable debt instruments acquired thereafter by the holder, and
will
be irrevocable without the consent of the IRS. Purchasers who pay a premium
for
the securities are encouraged to consult their tax advisers regarding the
election to amortize premium and the method to be employed.
On
December 30, 1997, the IRS issued final amortizable bond premium regulations
dealing with amortizable bond premium. The regulations specifically do not
apply
to prepayable debt instruments subject to Section 1272(a)(6) of the Code.
Absent
further guidance from the IRS, the trustee intends to account for amortizable
bond premium in the manner described above. Prospective purchasers of the
debt
securities are encouraged to consult their tax advisors regarding the possible
application of the amortizable bond premium regulations.
Election
to Treat All Interest as Original Issue Discount.
The OID
Regulations permit the holder of a debt security to elect to accrue all
interest, discount (including de
minimis market
discount or OID) and premium, based on a constant yield method for debt
securities acquired on or after April 4, 1994. If such an election were to
be
made with respect to a debt security with market discount, the holder of
the
debt security would be deemed to have made an election to include in income
currently market discount with respect to all other debt instruments having
market discount that such holder of the debt security acquires during the
year
of the election or thereafter. Similarly, the holder of a debt security that
makes this election for a debt security that is acquired at a premium will
be
deemed to have made an election to amortize bond premium with respect to
all
debt instruments having amortizable bond premium that the holder owns or
acquires. The election to accrue interest, discount and premium on a constant
yield method with respect to a debt security is irrevocable.
Taxation
of the REMIC and its Holders
General.
In the
opinion of tax counsel, if one or more REMIC elections, as applicable, are
made
with respect to a series of securities, then the arrangement by which the
securities of that series are issued will be treated as one or more REMICs,
as
long as all of the provisions of the applicable governing agreement are complied
with and the statutory and regulatory requirements are satisfied. Securities
will be designated as “regular interests” or “residual interests” in a REMIC, as
specified in the related prospectus supplement.
Except
to
the extent specified otherwise in a prospectus supplement, if a REMIC election
is made with respect to a series of securities:
· |
securities
held by a domestic building and loan association will constitute
“a
regular or a residual interest in a REMIC” within the meaning of Section
7701(a)(19)(C)(xi) of the Code (assuming that at least 95% of the
REMIC’s
assets consist of cash, government securities, “loans secured by an
interest in real property,” and other types of assets described in Section
7701(a)(19)(C) of the Code); and
|
· |
securities
held by a real estate investment trust will constitute “real estate
assets” within the meaning of Section 856(c)(4)(A) of the Code, and income
with respect to the securities will be considered “interest on obligations
secured by mortgages on real property or on interests in real property”
within the meaning of Section 856(c)(3)(B) of the Code (assuming,
for both
purposes, that at least 95% of the REMIC’s assets are qualifying
assets).
|
If
less
than 95% of the REMIC’s assets consists of assets described in the immediately
preceding bullets, then a security will qualify for the tax treatment described
in the previous sentence in the proportion that such REMIC’s assets are
qualifying assets.
REMIC
Expenses; Single Class REMICs
As
a
general rule, all of the expenses of a REMIC will be taken into account by
holders of the residual interest securities. In the case of a “single class
REMIC,” however, the expenses will be allocated under Treasury regulations among
the holders of the REMIC regular interest securities and the holders of the
REMIC residual interest securities on a daily basis in proportion to the
relative amounts of income accruing to each holder on that day. A “single class
REMIC” refers to any REMIC that would be classified as a grantor trust in the
absence of a REMIC election, including a REMIC with more than one class of
interests that would, nevertheless, be classified as a grantor trust pursuant
to
Section 301.7701-4(c) of the Treasury regulations, absent such an election.
In
the case of a holder of a REMIC regular interest security who is an individual
or a “pass-through interest holder” (including certain pass-through entities but
not including real estate investment trusts), the expenses will be deductible
only to the extent that the expenses, plus other “miscellaneous itemized
deductions” of the holder, exceed 2% of the holder’s adjusted gross income and
not deductible for purposes of calculating an individual holder’s alternative
minimum tax liability. In addition, the amount of itemized deductions otherwise
allowable for the taxable year for an individual whose adjusted gross income
exceeds the applicable amount will be reduced.
This
reduction is scheduled to be phased-out over a five-year period beginning
in
2006. The reduction or disallowance of this deduction may have a significant
impact on the yield of the REMIC regular interest security to the holder.
In
general terms, a single class REMIC is one that either
· |
would
qualify, under existing Treasury regulations, as a grantor trust
if it
were not a REMIC (treating all interests as ownership interests,
even if
they would be classified as debt for federal income tax purposes),
or
|
· |
is
similar to such a trust and is structured with the principal purpose
of
avoiding the single class REMIC
rules.
|
The
expenses of the REMIC will typically be allocated to holders of the related
REMIC residual interest securities.
Taxation
of the REMIC
General.
Although a REMIC is a separate entity for federal income tax purposes, a
REMIC
is not generally subject to entity-level tax. Rather, the taxable income
or net
loss of a REMIC is taken into account by the holders of the REMIC residual
interests. As described above, the REMIC regular interests are generally
taxable
as debt of the REMIC. Qualification as a REMIC requires ongoing compliance
with
certain conditions. Although a REMIC is not generally subject to federal
income
tax, the Code provides that failure to comply with one or more of the ongoing
requirements of the Code for REMIC status during any taxable year, including
the
implementation of restrictions on the purchase and transfer of the residual
interests in a REMIC as described below under “—Taxation of Owners of Residual
Interest Securities”, would cause the trust not to be treated as a REMIC for
that year and thereafter. In this event, the entity may be taxable as a separate
corporation and the related certificates may not be accorded the status or
given
the tax treatment described below.
Calculation
of REMIC Income.
The
taxable income or net loss of a REMIC is determined under an accrual method
of
accounting and in the same manner as in the case of an individual, with certain
adjustments. In general, the taxable income or net loss will be the difference
between
· |
the
gross income produced by the REMIC’s assets, including stated interest and
any OID or market discount on loans and other assets, and
|
· |
deductions,
including stated interest and OID accrued on the REMIC regular
interest
securities, amortization of any premium with respect to loans,
and
servicing fees and other expenses of the REMIC.
|
A
holder
of a REMIC residual interest security that is an individual or a “pass-through
interest holder” (including certain pass-through entities, but not including
real estate investment trusts) will be unable to deduct servicing fees payable
on the loans or other administrative expenses of the REMIC for a given taxable
year, to the extent that these expenses, when aggregated with the holder’s other
miscellaneous itemized deductions for that year, do not exceed 2% of the
holder’s adjusted gross income.
For
purposes of computing its taxable income or net loss, a REMIC should have
an
initial aggregate tax basis in its assets equal to the aggregate fair market
value of the regular interests and the residual interests on the startup
day
(generally, the day that the interests are issued). That aggregate basis
will be
allocated among the assets of the REMIC in proportion to their respective
fair
market values.
The
OID
provisions of the Code apply to loans of individuals originated on or after
March 2, 1984, and the market discount provisions apply to loans originated
after July 18, 1984. Subject to possible application of the de
minimis rules,
the method of accrual by a REMIC of OID income on such loans will be equivalent
to the method under which holders of pay-through securities accrue OID
(i.e.,
under
the constant yield method taking into account the prepayment assumption).
A
REMIC will deduct OID on the regular interest securities in the same manner
that
the holders of the regular interest securities include such discount in income,
but without regard to the de
minimis rules.
See “—Taxation of Debt Securities” above. However, a REMIC that acquires loans
at a market discount must include such market discount in income currently,
as
it accrues, on a constant interest basis.
To
the
extent that a REMIC’s basis allocable to loans that it holds exceeds their
principal amounts, the resulting premium, if attributable to mortgages
originated after September 27, 1985, will be amortized over the life of the
loans (taking into account the prepayment assumption) on a constant yield
method. Although the law is somewhat unclear regarding recovery of premium
attributable to loans originated on or before that date, it is possible that
the
premium may be recovered in proportion to payments of loan
principal.
Prohibited
Transactions and Contributions Tax.
A REMIC
will be subject to a 100% tax on any net income derived from a “prohibited
transaction.” For this purpose, net income will be calculated without taking
into account any losses from prohibited transactions or any deductions
attributable to any prohibited transaction that resulted in a loss. In general,
prohibited transactions include:
· |
subject
to limited exceptions, the sale or other disposition of any qualified
mortgage transferred to the REMIC;
|
· |
subject
to a limited exception, the sale or other disposition of a cash
flow
investment;
|
· |
the
receipt of any income from assets not permitted to be held by the
REMIC
pursuant to the Code; or
|
· |
the
receipt of any fees or other compensation for services rendered
by the
REMIC.
|
It
is
anticipated that a REMIC will not engage in any prohibited transactions in
which
it would recognize a material amount of net income. In addition, subject
to a
number of exceptions, a tax is imposed at the rate of 100% on amounts
contributed to a REMIC after the close of the three-month period beginning
on
the startup day. The holders of REMIC residual interest securities will
generally be responsible for the payment of any taxes imposed on the REMIC.
However, to the extent not paid by the holders of the REMIC residual interest
securities or otherwise, taxes will be paid out of the trust fund and will
be
allocated pro rata to all outstanding classes of securities of the
REMIC.
Taxation
of Holders of Residual Interest Securities
The
holder of a certificate representing a REMIC residual interest will take
into
account the “daily portion” of the taxable income or net loss of the REMIC for
each day during the taxable year on which the holder held the residual interest
security. The daily portion is determined by allocating to each day in any
calendar quarter its ratable portion of the taxable income or net loss of
the
REMIC for that quarter, and by allocating that amount among the holders (on
that
day) of the residual interest securities in proportion to their respective
holdings on that day.
The
holder of a residual interest security must report its proportionate share
of
the taxable income of the REMIC whether or not it receives cash distributions
from the REMIC attributable to income or loss. The reporting of taxable income
without corresponding distributions could occur, for example, if the loans
held
by the REMIC were issued or acquired at a discount, since mortgage prepayments
cause recognition of discount income, while the corresponding portion of
the
prepayment could be used in whole or in part to make principal payments on
REMIC
regular interests securities issued without any discount or at an insubstantial
discount. (If this occurs, it is likely that cash distributions will exceed
taxable income in later years.) The taxable income of a REMIC may also be
greater in earlier years than later years as a result of the fact that interest
expense deductions, as a percentage of outstanding principal on the REMIC
regular interest securities, will typically increase over time as lower yielding
securities are paid, whereas interest income with respect to loans will
generally remain constant over time as a percentage of loan
principal.
In
any
event, because the holder of a REMIC residual interest security is taxed
on the
net income of the REMIC, the taxable income derived from the residual interest
security in a given taxable year will not be equal to the taxable income
associated with investment in a corporate bond or stripped instrument having
similar cash flow characteristics and pretax yield. Therefore, the after-tax
yield on a residual interest security may be less than that of a corporate
bond
or stripped instrument, or may be negative in the case of a REMIC residual
interest security that is expected to receive little or no cash
flow.
Limitation
on Losses.
The
amount of the REMIC’s net loss that a holder may take into account currently is
limited to the holder’s adjusted basis at the end of the calendar quarter in
which the loss arises. A holder’s basis in a REMIC residual interest security
will initially equal the holder’s purchase price, and will subsequently be
increased by the amount of the REMIC’s taxable income allocated to the holder,
and decreased (but not below zero) by the amount of distributions made and
the
amount of the REMIC’s net loss allocated to the holder. Any disallowed loss may
be carried forward indefinitely, but may be used only to offset income generated
by the same REMIC. The ability of holders of residual interest securities
to
deduct net losses may be subject to additional limitations under the Code.
Holders are encouraged to consult their tax advisers with respect to such
additional limitations.
Distributions.
Distributions on a REMIC residual interest security (whether at their scheduled
times or as a result of prepayments) will generally not result in any additional
taxable income or loss to a holder of the residual interest security. If
the
amount of the payment exceeds the holder’s adjusted basis in the residual
interest security, however, the holder will recognize gain (treated as gain
from
the sale of the residual interest security) to the extent of the
excess.
Sale
or Exchange.
The
holder of a REMIC residual interest security will recognize gain or loss
on the
sale or exchange of the residual interest security equal to the difference,
if
any, between the amount realized and the holder’s adjusted basis in the residual
interest security at the time of sale or exchange. A holder’s adjusted basis in
a residual interest security generally equals the cost of the residual interest
security increased by the taxable income of the REMIC that was included in
the
income of the holder and decreased by distributions received thereon by the
holder and amounts of the REMIC net loss allocated to the holder. Except
to the
extent provided in Treasury regulations which have not yet been issued, any
loss
upon disposition of a residual interest security will be disallowed if the
selling holder disposing of such residual interest security acquires any
other
residual interest in a REMIC or similar mortgage pool within six months before
or after disposition. In that event, the loss will be used to increase the
residual interest securityholder’s adjusted basis in the newly acquired residual
interest or similar security.
Excess
Inclusions.
The
portion of the REMIC taxable income of a holder of a residual interest security
consisting of “excess inclusion” income may not be offset by other deductions or
losses, including net operating losses, on the holder’s federal income tax
return. Further, if the holder of a residual interest security is an
organization subject to the tax on unrelated business income imposed by Section
511 of the Code, the holder’s excess inclusion income will be treated as
unrelated business taxable income of the holder. In addition, under Treasury
regulations yet to be issued, if a real estate investment trust, a regulated
investment company, a common trust fund, or certain cooperatives were to
own a
residual interest security, a portion of dividends (or other distributions)
paid
by the real estate investment trust (or other entity) would be treated as
excess
inclusion income. If a residual interest security is owned by a foreign person,
excess inclusion income is subject to tax and withholding at a rate of 30%,
which may not be reduced by treaty, is not eligible for treatment as “portfolio
interest” and is subject to certain additional limitations. See “—Tax Treatment
of Foreign Investors” below.
In
addition, the Code provides three rules for determining the effect of excess
inclusions on the alternative minimum taxable income of a residual interest
securityholder.
· |
First,
alternative minimum taxable income for the residual holder is determined
without regard to the special rule that taxable income cannot be
less than
excess inclusions.
|
· |
Second,
the residual holder’s alternative minimum taxable income for a tax year
cannot be less than excess inclusions for the year.
|
· |
Third,
the amount of any alternative minimum tax net operating loss deductions
must be computed without regard to any excess
inclusions.
|
The
excess inclusion portion of a REMIC’s income is generally equal to the
excess,
if any,
of
· |
REMIC
taxable income for the quarterly period allocable to a residual
interest
security,
|
over
· |
the
daily accruals for such quarterly period of (i) 120% of the long
term
applicable federal rate on the startup day multiplied by (ii) the
adjusted
issue price of the residual interest security at the beginning
of the
quarterly period.
|
The
adjusted issue price of a residual interest security at the beginning of
each
calendar quarter will equal its issue price (calculated in a manner analogous
to
the determination of the issue price of a regular interest security), increased
by the aggregate of the daily accruals for prior calendar quarters, and
decreased (but not below zero) by the amount of loss allocated to a holder
and
the amount of distributions made on the residual interest security before
the
beginning of the quarter. The long-term federal rate, which is announced
monthly
by the Treasury Department, is an interest rate that is based on the average
market yield of outstanding marketable obligations of the United States
government having remaining maturities in excess of nine years.
Under
the
REMIC regulations, transfers of residual interest securities may be disregarded
in certain circumstances. See “—Restrictions
on Ownership and Transfer of Residual Interest Securities”
and
“—Tax Treatment of Foreign Investors” below.
Restrictions
on Ownership and Transfer of Residual Interest Securities.
As a
condition to qualification as a REMIC, reasonable arrangements must be made
to
prevent the ownership of a REMIC residual interest by any “disqualified
organization” including the United States, any State or political subdivision
thereof, any foreign government, any international organization, or any agency
or instrumentality of any of the foregoing, a rural electric or telephone
cooperative described in Section 1381(a)(2)(C) of the Code, any entity exempt
from the tax imposed by sections 1 through 1399 of the Code, if the entity
is
not subject to tax on its unrelated business income, or an electing large
partnership within the meaning of Section 775 of the Code. Accordingly, the
applicable pooling and servicing agreement will prohibit disqualified
organizations from owning a residual interest security. In addition, no transfer
of a residual interest security will be permitted unless the proposed transferee
shall have furnished to the trustee an affidavit representing and warranting
that it is neither a disqualified organization nor an agent or nominee acting
on
behalf of a disqualified organization.
If
a
residual interest security is transferred to a disqualified organization
(in
violation of the restrictions set forth above), a substantial tax will be
imposed on the transferor of the residual interest security at the time of
the
transfer. In addition, if a disqualified organization holds an interest in
a
pass-through entity (including, among others, a partnership, trust, real
estate
investment trust, regulated investment company, or any person holding as
nominee
an interest in a
pass-through entity) that owns a residual interest security, the pass-through
entity will be required to pay an annual tax on its allocable share of the
excess inclusion income of the REMIC.
The
REMIC
regulations disregard certain transfers of REMIC residual interests, in which
case the transferor continues to be treated as the owner of the REMIC residual
interests and thus continues to be subject to tax on its allocable portion
of
the net income of the REMIC. Under the REMIC Regulations, a transfer of a
“noneconomic residual interest” (as defined below) to a holder of a residual
interest (other than a holder who is not a U.S. Person, as defined in “Tax
Treatment of Foreign Investors” below) is disregarded for all federal income tax
purposes if a significant purpose of the transfer was to enable the transferor
to impede the assessment or collection of tax. A residual interest in a REMIC
(including a residual interest with a positive value at issuance) is a
“noneconomic residual interest” unless, at the time of the transfer,
(i) the present value of the expected future distributions on the residual
interest at least equals the product of the present value of the anticipated
excess inclusions and the highest corporate income tax rate in effect for
the
year in which the transfer occurs, and (ii) the transferor reasonably
expects that the transferee will receive distributions from the REMIC at
or
after the time at which taxes accrue on the anticipated excess inclusions
in an
amount sufficient to satisfy the accrued taxes on each excess inclusion.
The
present value of the anticipated excess inclusions and the present value
of the
expected futures distributions are determined in the same manner as determined
in connection with the transfer of a residual interest to a disqualified
organization. The REMIC regulations explain that a significant purpose to
impede
the assessment or collection of tax exists if the transferor, at the time
of the
transfer, either knew or should have known that the transferee would be
unwilling or unable to pay taxes due on its share of the taxable income of
the
REMIC. A safe harbor is provided if (i) the transferor conducted, at the
time of the transfer, a reasonable investigation of the financial condition
of
the transferee and found that the transferee historically had paid its debts
as
they became due and found no significant evidence to indicate that the
transferee would not continue to pay its debts as they came due in the future,
(ii) the transferee represents to the transferor that it understands that,
as the holder of the noneconomic residual interest, the transferee may incur
tax
liabilities in excess of any cash flows generated by the interest and that
the
transferee intends to pay taxes associated with holding the residual interest
as
they become due, (iii) the transferee represents to the transferor that it
will not cause income from the noneconomic residual interest to be attributable
to a foreign permanent establishment or fixed base (within the meaning of
an
applicable income tax treaty) of the transferee or any other person, and
(iv) one of the two following tests is satisfied:
(a) the
“formula test”:
the
present value of the anticipated tax liabilities associated with the holding
of
the noneconomic residual interest will not exceed the sum of:
|
(1)
|
the
present value of any consideration given to the transferee to acquire
the
residual interest;
|
|
(2)
|
the
present value of the expected future distributions on the residual
interest; and
|
|
(3)
|
the
present value of the anticipated tax savings associated with holding
the
residual interest as the REMIC generates losses;
or
|
(b) the
“asset test”:
|
(1)
|
at
the time of the transfer, and at the close of each of the transferee’s two
fiscal years preceding the transferee’s fiscal year of the transfer, the
transferee’s gross assets for financial reporting purposes exceed
$100 million and its net assets for financial reporting purposes
exceed $10 million, excluding obligations of any related persons or
any other asset if a principal purpose for holding or acquiring
the other
asset is to permit the transferee to satisfy the asset
test.
|
|
(2)
|
the
transferee must be a domestic “C” corporation (other than a corporation
exempt from taxation, a regulated investment company or real estate
investment trust); the transferee must agree in writing that any
subsequent transfer of the residual interest would be to an eligible
“C”
corporation and would meet the requirements for a safe harbor transfer,
and the facts and circumstances known to the transferor on or before
the
date of the transfer must not reasonably indicate that the taxes
associated with ownership of the residual interest will not be
paid by the
transferee; and
|
|
(3)
|
a
reasonable person would not conclude, based on the facts and circumstances
known to the transferor on or before the date of the transfer (including
the consideration given to the transferee to acquire the nonecomonic
residual interest in the REMIC), that the taxes associated with
the
residual interest will not be paid.
|
For
purposes of the computation in clause (a), the transferee is assumed to pay
tax
at the highest corporate rate of tax specified in the Code or, in certain
circumstances, the alternative minimum tax rate. Further, present values
generally are computed using a discount rate equal to the short-term applicable
federal rate set forth in Section 1274(d) of the Code for the month of the
transfer and the compounding period used by the transferee.
Mark-to-Market
Rules.
A REMIC
residual interest security cannot be marked-to-market.
Administrative
Matters
The
REMIC’s books must be maintained on a calendar year basis and the REMIC must
file an annual federal income tax return. The REMIC will also be subject
to the
procedural and administrative rules of the Code applicable to partnerships,
including the determination of any adjustments to, among other things, items
of
REMIC income, gain, loss, deduction, or credit, by the IRS in a unified
administrative proceeding.
Inducement
Fees
Final
regulations addressing the federal income tax treatment of “inducement fees”
received by transferees of noneconomic REMIC residual interests require
inducement fees to be included in income over a period reasonably related
to the
period during which the applicable REMIC is expected to generate taxable
income
or net loss allocable to the holder of the noneconomic residual interest.
Under
two safe harbor methods currently set forth in the regulations, inducement
fees
would be permitted to be included in income
(i) in
the
same amounts and over the same period that the taxpayer uses for financial
reporting purposes, provided that such period is not shorter than the period
the
applicable REMIC is expected to generate taxable income, or
(ii) ratably
over the remaining anticipated weighted average life of the applicable REMIC,
determined based on actual distributions projected as remaining to be made
on
all the regular and residual interests issued by the REMIC under the prepayment
assumption.
If
the
holder of a residual interest sells or otherwise disposes of the residual
interest, any unrecognized portion of the inducement fee would be required
to be
taken into account at the time of the sale or disposition.
Prospective
purchasers of the noneconomic REMIC residual interests are encouraged to
consult
with their tax advisors regarding the effect of these final
regulations.
Tax
Status as a Grantor Trust
General.
As
further specified in the related prospectus supplement, if a REMIC election
is
not made and the trust fund is not structured as a partnership, then the
trust
fund relating to a series of securities may be classified for federal income
tax
purposes as a grantor trust under Subpart E, Part 1 of Subchapter J of the
Code
and not as an association taxable as a corporation. We refer to the securities
of a series of this type as “pass-through securities”. In some series there will
be no separation of the principal and interest payments on the loans. In
these
circumstances, a holder will be considered to have purchased a pro rata
undivided interest in each of the loans. In the case of “stripped securities”,
sale of the securities will produce a separation in the ownership of all
or a
portion of the principal payments from all or a portion of the interest payments
on the loans.
Each
holder must report on its federal income tax return its share of the gross
income derived from the loans (not reduced by the amount payable as trust
expense fees to the applicable trustee and the servicer and similar fees),
at
the same time and in the same manner as the items would have been reported
under
the holder’s tax accounting method had it held its interest in the loans
directly, received directly its share of the amounts received with respect
to
the loans, and paid directly its share of the trust expense fees. In the
case of
pass-through securities other than stripped securities, income will consist
of a
pro rata share of all of the income derived from all of the loans and, in
the
case of stripped securities, income will consist of a pro rata share of the
income derived from each stripped bond or stripped coupon in which the holder
owns an interest. The holder of a security will generally be entitled to
deduct
trust expense fees under Section 162 or Section 212 of the Code to the extent
that such fees represent “reasonable” compensation for the services rendered by
the applicable trustee and the servicer (or third parties that are compensated
for the performance of services). In the case of a noncorporate holder, however,
trust expense fees (to the extent not otherwise disallowed, e.g.,
because
they exceed reasonable compensation) will be deductible in computing the
holder’s regular tax liability only to the extent that the fees, when added to
other miscellaneous itemized deductions, exceed 2% of adjusted gross income
and
may not be deductible to any extent in computing the holder’s alternative
minimum tax liability. In addition, the amount of itemized deductions otherwise
allowable for the taxable year for an individual whose adjusted gross income
exceeds the applicable amount will be reduced.
This
reduction is scheduled to be phased-out over a five-year period beginning
in
2006.
Discount
or Premium on Pass-Through Securities.
The
holder’s purchase price of a pass-through security is to be allocated among the
loans in proportion to their fair market values, determined as of the time
of
purchase of the securities. In the typical case, the trustee (to the extent
necessary to fulfill its reporting obligations) will treat each loan as having
a
fair market value proportional to the share of the aggregate principal balances
of all of the loans that it represents, since the securities, will have a
relatively uniform interest rate and other common characteristics. To the
extent
that the portion of the purchase price of a pass-through security allocated
to a
loan (other than to a right to receive any accrued interest thereon and any
undistributed principal payments) is less than or greater than the portion
of
the principal balance of the loan allocable to the security, the interest
in the
loan allocable to the pass-through security will be deemed to have been acquired
at a discount or premium, respectively.
The
treatment of any discount will depend on whether the discount represents
OID or
market discount. In the case of a loan with OID in excess of a prescribed
de
minimis amount
or
a stripped security, a holder of the security will be required to report
as
interest income in each taxable year its share of the amount of OID that
accrues
during that year in the manner described above. OID with respect to a loan
could
arise, for example, by virtue of the financing of points by the originator
of
the loan, or by virtue of the charging of points by the originator of the
loan
in an amount greater than a statutory de
minimis exception,
in circumstances under which the points are not currently deductible pursuant
to
applicable Code provisions. Any market discount or premium on a loan will
be
includible in income, generally in the manner described above, except that
in
the case of pass-through securities, market discount is calculated with respect
to the loans underlying the security, rather than with respect to the security
itself. A holder that acquires an interest in a loan originated after
July 18, 1984 with more than a de
minimis amount
of
market discount (generally, the excess of the principal amount of the loan
over
the purchaser’s allocable purchase price) will be required to include accrued
market discount in income in the manner set forth above. See “—Taxation of Debt
Securities —Market
Discount”
and
“—Premium”
above.
In
the
case of market discount on a pass-through security attributable to loans
originated on or before July 18, 1984, the holder generally will be
required to allocate the portion of the discount that is allocable to a loan
among the principal payments on the loan and to include the discount allocable
to each principal payment in ordinary income at the time the principal
payment
is made. This treatment would generally result in discount being included
in
income at a slower rate than discount would be required to be included in
income
using the method described in the preceding paragraph.
Stripped
Securities.
A
stripped security may represent a right to receive only a portion of the
interest payments on the loans, a right to receive only principal payments
on
the loans, or a right to receive certain payments of both interest and
principal. Ratio stripped securities may represent a right to receive differing
percentages of both the interest and principal on each loan. Pursuant to
Section
1286 of the Code, the separation of ownership of the right to receive some
or
all of the interest payments on an obligation from ownership of the right
to
receive some or all of the principal payments results in the creation of
“stripped bonds” with respect to principal payments and “stripped coupons” with
respect to interest payments. Section 1286 of the Code applies the OID rules
to
stripped bonds and stripped coupons. For purposes of computing OID, a stripped
bond or a stripped coupon is treated as a debt instrument issued on the date
that such stripped interest is purchased with an issue price equal to its
purchase price or, if more than one stripped interest is purchased, the ratable
share of the purchase price allocable to the stripped interest.
Servicing
fees in excess of reasonable servicing fees will be treated under the stripped
bond rules. If the excess servicing fee is less than 100 basis points
(i.e.,
1%
interest on the loan’s principal balance) or the securities are initially sold
with a de
minimis discount
(assuming no prepayment assumption is required), any non-de
minimis discount
arising from a subsequent transfer of the securities should be treated as
market
discount. The IRS appears to require that reasonable servicing fees be
calculated on a loan by loan basis, which could result in some loans being
treated as having more than 100 basis points of interest stripped
off.
Section
1272(a)(6) of the Code requires that a prepayment assumption be used in
computing the accrual of original issue discount with respect to some categories
of debt instruments, and that adjustments be made in the amount and rate
of
accrual of the discount when prepayments do not conform to the prepayment
assumption. To the extent the stripped securities represent an interest in
any
pool of debt instruments the yield on which may be affected by reason of
prepayments, those provisions will apply to the stripped securities. It is
unclear whether those provisions would be applicable to stripped securities
that
do not represent an interest in any such pool, or whether use of a prepayment
assumption may be required or permitted in the absence of these provisions.
It
is also uncertain, if a prepayment assumption is used, whether the assumed
prepayment rate would be determined based on conditions at the time of the
first
sale of the stripped securities or, with respect to any subsequent holder,
at
the time of purchase of the stripped securities by that holder.
The
accrual of income on the stripped securities will be significantly slower
if a
prepayment assumption is permitted to be made than if yield is computed assuming
no prepayments. It currently is intended to base information returns or reports
to the IRS and holders on the prepayment assumption disclosed in the related
prospectus supplement and on a constant yield computed using a representative
initial offering price for each class of securities. However, none of the
company, the master servicer or the trustee will make any representation
that
the mortgage loans will in fact prepay at a rate conforming to the prepayment
assumption or at any other rate, and holders are encouraged to bear in mind
that
the use of a representative initial offering price will mean that the
information returns or reports, even if otherwise accepted as accurate by
the
IRS, will in any event be accurate only as to the initial holders of each
series
who bought at that price. Prospective purchasers of the stripped securities
are
encouraged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the use of the prepayment
assumption.
It
is
unclear under what circumstances, if any, the prepayment of a mortgage loan
will
give rise to a loss to the holder of a stripped security. If a stripped security
is treated as a single instrument (rather than an interest in discrete mortgage
loans) and the effect of prepayments is taken into account in computing yield
with respect to the stripped security, it appears that no loss may be available
as a result of any particular prepayment unless prepayments occur at a rate
faster than the prepayment assumption. However, if a stripped security is
treated as an interest in discrete mortgage loans, or if the prepayment
assumption is not used, then when a mortgage loan is prepaid, the holder
of a
stripped security should be able to recognize a loss equal to the portion
of the
adjusted issue price of the stripped security that is allocable to the mortgage
loan.
In
the
case of a stripped security that is an interest weighted security, the
applicable trustee intends, absent contrary authority, to report income to
holders as OID, in the manner described above for interest weighted
securities.
Possible
Alternative Characterizations.
The
characterizations of the stripped securities described above are not the
only
possible interpretations of the applicable Code provisions. Among other
possibilities, the IRS could contend that:
· |
in
certain series, each non-interest weighted security is composed
of an
unstripped undivided ownership interest in loans and an installment
obligation consisting of stripped principal payments;
|
· |
the
non-interest weighted securities are subject to the contingent
payment
provisions of the regulations; or
|
· |
each
interest weighted stripped security is composed of an unstripped
undivided
ownership interest in loans and an installment obligation consisting
of
stripped interest payments.
|
Given
the
variety of alternatives for treatment of the stripped securities and the
different federal income tax consequences that result from each alternative,
potential purchasers are urged to consult their own tax advisers regarding
the
proper treatment of the securities for federal income tax purposes.
Character
as Qualifying Loans.
In the
case of stripped securities, there is no specific legal authority existing
regarding whether the character of the securities, for federal income tax
purposes, will be the same as the underlying loans. The IRS could take the
position that the loans’ character is not carried over to the securities in such
circumstances. Pass-through securities will be, and, although the matter
is not
free from doubt, stripped securities should be considered to
represent:
· |
“real
estate assets” within the meaning of section 856(c)(4)(A) of the Code;
and
|
· |
“loans
secured by an interest in real property” within the meaning of section
7701(a)(19)(C)(v) of the Code.
|
Interest
income attributable to pass-through securities will be and to stripped
securities should be considered to represent “interest on obligations secured by
mortgages on real property or on interests in real property” within the meaning
of section 856(c)(3)(B) of the Code. Reserves or funds underlying the securities
may cause a proportionate reduction in the above-described qualifying status
categories of securities and the interest income thereon.
Sale
or Exchange
Subject
to the discussion below with respect to any trust fund as to which a partnership
election is made (or which otherwise is classified as a partnership for federal
income tax purposes), a holder’s tax basis in a security is the price the holder
pays for the security, appropriately adjusted to take into account amortization
of OID, market discount and premium, if any, and any payments received with
respect to the security (other than qualified stated interest payments).
Gain or
loss recognized on a sale, exchange, or redemption of a security, measured
by
the difference between the amount realized and the security’s basis as so
adjusted, will generally be capital gain or loss, assuming that the security
is
held as a capital asset and will generally be long-term capital gain or loss
if
the holding period of the security is more than one year and short-term capital
gain or loss if the holding period of the security is one year or less.
Non-corporate taxpayers are subject to reduced maximum rates on long-term
capital gains and are generally subject to tax at ordinary income rates on
short-term capital gains. The deductibility of capital losses is subject
to
certain limitations. Prospective investors are encouraged to consult their
own
tax advisors concerning these tax law provisions.
In
the
case of a security held by a bank, thrift, or similar institution described
in
Section 582 of the Code, however, gain or loss realized on the sale or exchange
of a REMIC regular interest security or other debt instrument will be taxable
as
ordinary income or loss. In addition, gain from the disposition of a regular
interest security that might otherwise be capital gain will be treated as
ordinary income to the extent of the excess,
if any,
of:
· |
the
amount that would have been includible in the holder’s income if the yield
on the regular interest security had equaled 110% of the applicable
federal rate as of the beginning of such holder’s holding period,
|
over
· |
the
amount of ordinary income actually recognized by the holder with
respect
to the regular interest security.
|
Miscellaneous
Tax Aspects
Backup
Withholding.
Subject
to the discussion below with respect to any trust fund as to which a partnership
election is made (or which otherwise is classified as a partnership for federal
income tax purposes), a holder, other than a holder of a REMIC residual interest
security, may, under certain circumstances, be subject to “backup withholding”
with respect to distributions on the securities or the proceeds of a sale
of the
securities to or through brokers. This withholding generally applies if the
holder of a security:
· |
fails
to furnish the applicable trustee with its taxpayer identification
number;
|
· |
furnishes
the applicable trustee with an incorrect taxpayer identification
number;
|
· |
fails
to report properly interest, dividends or other “reportable payments” as
defined in the Code; or
|
· |
under
certain circumstances, fails to provide the applicable trustee
or such
holder’s securities broker with a certified statement, signed under
penalty of perjury, that the taxpayer identification number provided
is
its correct number and that the holder is not subject to backup
withholding.
|
Backup
withholding will not apply, however, with respect to certain payments made
to
holders, including payments to certain exempt recipients (such as exempt
organizations and corporations) and to certain nonresident alien individuals,
foreign partnerships or foreign corporations. Holders are encouraged to consult
their tax advisers as to their qualification for exemption from backup
withholding and the procedure for obtaining the exemption.
The
trustee or securities administrator, as applicable, will report to the holders
and to the servicer for each calendar year the amount of any “reportable
payments” during such year and the amount of tax withheld, if any, with respect
to payments on the securities.
General
Except
as
disclosed in the applicable prospectus supplement, the arrangement pursuant
to
which the exchangeable securities of a series are created, sold and administered
will be classified as a grantor trust under subpart E, part I of subchapter
J of
the Code. The exchangeable securities will represent beneficial ownership
of
interests in the classes of securities in the related trust fund.
Tax
Status
The
exchangeable securities will represent “real estate assets” within the meaning
of Section 856(c)(4)(A) of the Code and assets described in Section
7701(a)(19)(C) of the Code, and OID and interest accruing on exchangeable
securities will represent “interest on obligations secured by mortgages on real
property” within the meaning of Section 856(c)(3)(B) of the Code, in each case,
to the extent the securities or income on the securities would be qualifying
if
held directly (although the matter is not entirely clear for Strips, defined
below). Exchangeable securities will be “qualified mortgages” under Section
860G(a)(3) of the Code for a REMIC to the extent the securities the interest
in
which is represented by such classes would be qualifying if held
directly.
Tax
Accounting for Exchangeable Securities
An
exchangeable security represents beneficial ownership of an interest in one
or
more classes of securities on deposit in the related trust fund, as specified
in
the applicable prospectus supplement. If it represents an interest in more
than
one class of securities, a purchaser must allocate its basis in the exchangeable
security among the interests in the classes of securities in accordance with
their relative fair market values as of the time of acquisition. Similarly,
on
the sale of such an exchangeable security, the holder must allocate the amount
received on the sale among the interests in the classes of securities in
accordance with their relative fair market values as of the time of
sale.
The
holder of an exchangeable security must account separately for each interest
in
a class of securities (there may be only one such interest). Where the interest
represents a pro rata portion of a class of securities that are REMIC regular
interests, the holder of the exchangeable security should account for such
interest as described for REMIC regular interests under “Taxation of Debt
Securities” above. Where the interest represents beneficial ownership of a
disproportionate part of the principal and interest payments on a class of
securities (a “Strip”), the holder is treated as owning, pursuant to Section
1286 of the Code, “stripped bonds” to the extent of its share of principal
payments and “stripped coupons” to the extent of its share of interest payments
on such class of securities. We intend to treat each Strip as a single debt
instrument for purposes of information reporting. The IRS, however, could
take a
different position. For example, the IRS could contend that a Strip should
be
treated as a pro rata part of the class of securities to the extent that
the
Strip represents a pro rata portion thereof, and “stripped bonds” or “stripped
coupons” with respect to the remainder. A prospective investor is encouraged to
consult its tax advisor regarding this matter.
A
holder
of an exchangeable security should calculate OID with respect to each Strip
and
include it in ordinary income as it accrues, which may be before the receipt
of
cash attributable to such income, in accordance with a constant interest
method
that takes into account the compounding of interest. The holder should determine
its yield to maturity based on its purchase price allocated to the Strip
and on
a schedule of payments projected using a prepayment assumption, and then
make
periodic adjustments to take into account actual prepayment experience. With
respect to a particular holder, Treasury regulations do not address whether
the
prepayment assumption used to calculate OID would be determined at the time
of
purchase of the Strip or would be the original prepayment assumption with
respect to the related class of securities. Further, if the related class
of
securities is subject to redemption as further described in the applicable
prospectus supplement, Treasury regulations do not address the extent to
which
such prepayment assumption should take into account the possibility of the
retirement of the Strip concurrently with the redemption of such class of
securities. A prospective investor is encouraged to consult its tax advisor
regarding these matters. For purposes of information reporting relating to
OID,
the original yield to maturity of the Strip, determined as of the date of
issuance of the series, will be calculated based on the original prepayment
assumption.
If
OID
accruing with respect to a Strip, computed as described above, is negative
for
any period, the holder may be entitled to offset such amount only against
future
positive original issue discount accruing from such Strip (or possibly also
against OID from prior periods). We intend to report by offsetting negative
OID
accruals only against future positive accruals of OID. Although not entirely
free from doubt, such a holder may be entitled to deduct a loss to the extent
that its remaining basis would exceed the maximum amount of future payments
to
which the holder is entitled with respect to such Strip, assuming no further
prepayments of the underlying loans (or, perhaps, assuming prepayments at
a rate
equal to the prepayment assumption). Although the issue is not free from
doubt,
all or a portion of such loss may be treated as a capital loss if the Strip
is a
capital asset in the hands of the holder.
A
holder
realizes gain or loss on the sale of a Strip in an amount equal to the
difference between the amount realized and its adjusted basis in such Strip.
The
holder’s adjusted basis generally is equal to the holder’s allocated cost of the
Strip, increased by income previously included, and reduced (but not below
zero)
by distributions previously received. Except as described below, any gain
or
loss on such sale generally is capital gain or loss if the holder has held
its
interest as a capital asset and is long-term if the interest has been held
for
the long-term capital gain holding period (more than one year). Such gain
or
loss will be ordinary income or loss (1) for a bank or thrift institution
or (2)
if the securities are REMIC regular interests, to the extent income recognized
by the holder is less than the income that would have been recognized if
the
yield on such interests were 110% of the applicable federal rate under Section
1274(d) of the Code.
If
a
holder exchanges a single class of exchangeable securities for several classes
of related exchangeable securities, and then sells one of the related
exchangeable securities, the sale may subject the investor to the coupon
stripping rules of Section 1286 of the Code. The holder must allocate its
basis
in the single class of exchangeable securities between the part of such class
underlying the related exchangeable security that was sold and the part of
such
class underlying the related exchangeable securities that were retained,
in
proportion to their relative fair market values as of the date of such sale.
The
holder is treated as purchasing the part retained for the amount of basis
allocated to such part. The holder must calculate OID with respect to the
retained part as described above.
Although
the matter is not free from doubt, a holder that acquires in one transaction
a
combination of exchangeable securities that may be exchanged for a single
class
of related exchangeable securities that is identical to a class of securities
that is on deposit in the related trust fund should be treated as owning
the
relevant class of securities.
Exchanges
of Exchangeable Securities
An
exchange of an interest in one or more classes of exchangeable securities
for an
interest in one or more other classes of related exchangeable securities
that
are part of the same combination, or vice versa, will not be a taxable exchange.
After the exchange, the holder is treated as continuing to own the interests
in
the class or classes of exchangeable securities that it owned immediately
before
the exchange.
Tax
Treatment of Foreign Investors
A
foreign
holder of an exchangeable security is subject to taxation in the same manner
as
foreign holders of debt securities. Such manner of taxation is discussed
below
under the heading “ —Tax Treatment of Foreign Investors.”
Backup
Withholding
A
holder
of an exchangeable security is subject to backup withholding rules similar
to
those applicable to debt securities. Such manner of taxation is discussed
under
the heading “—Miscellaneous Tax Aspects—Backup Withholding” in this
prospectus.
Reporting
and Administrative Matters
Reports
will be made to the IRS and to holders of record of exchangeable securities
that
are not excepted from the reporting requirements.
Tax
Treatment of Foreign Investors
Subject
to the discussion below with respect to any trust fund as to which a partnership
election is made (or which otherwise is classified as a partnership for federal
income tax purposes), under the Code, unless interest (including OID) paid
on a
security (other than a residual interest security) is considered to be
“effectively connected” with a trade or business conducted in the United States
by a nonresident alien individual, foreign partnership or foreign corporation,
interest will normally qualify as portfolio interest and will be exempt from
federal income tax or withholding tax. However, interest will not qualify
as
portfolio interest where:
· |
the
recipient is a holder, directly or by attribution, of 10% or more
of the
capital or profits interest in the issuing entity,
or
|
· |
the
recipient is a controlled foreign corporation to which the issuing
entity
is a related person.
|
For
interest to qualify for the portfolio interest exemption from United States
withholding tax, the holder must generally complete a Form W-8BEN indicating
that the holder is a non-U.S. Person entitled to such exemption. The Form
W-8BEN, or in certain circumstances other documentation, must be provided
to the
person otherwise required to withhold United States tax. If a foreign holder
is
a partnership or other type of pass-through entity that is not treated for
United States withholding tax purposes as the beneficial owner of the income
with respect to the security, the holder generally must receive the Form
W-8BEN
as described in the previous sentence from the holder’s partners or other
beneficial owners of the income with respect to the security and may be required
to provide the forms, and certain additional information, to the person through
whom the holder holds the security. The forms provided by the holder or its
interestholders regarding status as a non-U.S. Person must generally be passed
through the ownership chain to the person otherwise required to withhold
tax in
order for the exemption to apply. These provisions supersede the generally
applicable provisions of United States law that would otherwise require the
issuing entity to withhold at a 30% rate (unless such rate were reduced or
eliminated by an applicable tax treaty) on, among other things, interest
and
other fixed or determinable, annual or periodic income paid to nonresident
alien
individuals, foreign partnerships or foreign corporations. Holders of
pass-through securities and stripped securities, including ratio strip
securities, however, may be subject to withholding to the extent that the
loans
were originated on or before July 18, 1984.
Interest
and OID of holders who are foreign persons are not subject to withholding
if
they are effectively connected with a United States business conducted by
the
holder and appropriate documentation is provided to the person otherwise
required to withhold. They will, however, generally be subject to the regular
United States income tax.
Payments
to holders of REMIC residual interest securities who are foreign persons
will
generally be treated as interest for purposes of the 30% (or lower treaty
rate)
United States withholding tax. Holders should assume that such income does
not
qualify for exemption from United States withholding tax as “portfolio
interest.” It is clear that, to the extent that a payment represents a portion
of REMIC taxable income that constitutes excess inclusion income, the holder
of
a residual interest security will not be entitled to an exemption from or
reduction of the 30% withholding tax rule. If the payments are subject to
United
States withholding tax, they generally will be taken into account for
withholding tax purposes only when paid or distributed (or when the residual
interest security is disposed of). The Treasury has statutory authority,
however, to promulgate regulations that would require such amounts to be
taken
into account at an earlier time in order to prevent the avoidance of tax.
Regulations could, for example, require withholding prior to the distribution
of
cash in the case of residual interest securities that do not have significant
value. Under the REMIC regulations, if a residual interest security has tax
avoidance potential, a transfer of a residual interest security to a nonresident
alien individual, foreign partnership or foreign corporation will be disregarded
for all federal tax purposes. A residual interest security has tax avoidance
potential unless, at the time of the transfer, the transferor reasonably
expects
that the REMIC will distribute to the transferee residual interest holder
amounts that will equal at least 30% of each excess inclusion, and that such
amounts will be distributed at or after the time at which the excess inclusions
accrue and not later than the calendar year following the calendar year of
accrual. If a nonresident alien individual, foreign partnership or foreign
corporation transfers a residual interest security to a U.S. Person, and
if the
transfer has the effect of allowing the transferor to avoid tax on accrued
excess inclusions, then the transfer is disregarded and the transferor continues
to be treated as the owner of the residual interest security for purposes
of the
withholding tax provisions of the Code. See “—Excess Inclusions”
above.
Tax
Characterization of the Trust Fund as a Partnership
Tax
counsel is of the opinion that a trust fund structured to be classified,
for
federal income tax purposes, as a partnership will not be an association
(or
publicly traded partnership) taxable as a corporation for such purposes.
This
opinion is based on the assumption that the terms of the trust agreement
and
related documents will be complied with, and on counsel’s conclusions that the
nature of the income of the trust fund will exempt it from the rule that
certain
publicly traded partnerships are taxable as corporations or the issuance
of the
certificates has been structured as a private placement under an IRS safe
harbor, so that the trust fund will not be characterized as a publicly traded
partnership taxable as a corporation.
If
the
trust fund were taxable as a corporation for federal income tax purposes,
the
trust fund would be subject to corporate income tax on its taxable income.
The
trust fund’s taxable income would include all its income, possibly reduced by
its interest expense on the notes or certificates. Any such corporate income
tax
could materially reduce cash available to make payments on the notes and
distributions on the certificates, and holders of certificates could be liable
for any such tax that is unpaid by the trust fund.
Tax
Consequences to Holders of the Notes
Treatment
of the Notes as Indebtedness.
The
trust fund will agree, and the noteholders will agree by their purchase of
notes, to treat the notes as debt for federal income tax purposes. As a result,
tax counsel is of the opinion that the notes will be classified as debt for
federal income tax purposes. The discussion below assumes this characterization
of the notes is correct.
OID,
Indexed Securities, etc.
The
discussion below assumes that all payments on the notes are denominated in
U.S.
dollars, and that the notes are not “indexed securities” or “strip notes.”
Moreover, the discussion assumes that the interest formula for the notes
meets
the requirements for “qualified stated interest” under the OID Regulations, and
that any OID on the notes (i.e.,
any
excess of the principal amount of the notes over their issue price) does
not
exceed a de
minimis amount
(i.e.,
0.25%
of their principal amount multiplied by the number of full years included
in
their term), all within the meaning of the OID Regulations. If these conditions
are not satisfied with respect to any given series of notes, additional tax
considerations with respect to the notes will be disclosed in the applicable
prospectus supplement.
Interest
Income on the Notes.
Based
on the above assumptions, except as discussed in the following paragraph,
the
notes will not be considered issued with OID. The stated interest on the
notes
will be taxable to a noteholder as ordinary interest income when received
or
accrued in accordance with the noteholder’s method of tax accounting. Under the
OID Regulations, a holder of a note issued with a de
minimis amount
of
OID must include the OID in income, on a pro rata basis, as principal payments
are made on the note, unless an election is made by such holder to treat
all
interest as OID, as discussed above. See “Taxation of Debt Securities—Election
to Treat All Interest as Original Issue Discount” in this prospectus. It is
believed that any prepayment premium paid as a result of a mandatory redemption
will be taxable as contingent interest when it becomes fixed and unconditionally
payable. A purchaser who buys a note for more or less than its principal
amount
will generally be subject, respectively, to the premium amortization or market
discount rules of the Code.
A
holder
of a note that is a “short-term note” (i.e.,
it has
a fixed maturity date of not more than one year from the issue date) may
be
subject to special rules. An accrual basis holder of a short-term note (and
certain cash method holders, including regulated investment companies, as
set
forth in Section 1281 of the Code) generally would be required to report
interest income as interest accrues on a straight-line basis over the term
of
each interest period. Other cash basis holders of a short-term note would,
in
general, be required to report interest income as interest is paid (or, if
earlier, upon the taxable disposition of the short-term note). However, a
cash
basis holder of a short-term note reporting interest income as it is paid
may be
required to defer a portion of any interest expense otherwise deductible
on
indebtedness incurred to purchase or carry the short-term note until the
taxable
disposition of the short-term note. A cash basis taxpayer may elect under
Section 1281 of the Code to accrue interest income on all nongovernment debt
obligations with a term of one year or less, in which case the taxpayer would
include interest on the short-term note in income as it accrues, but would
not
be subject to the interest expense deferral rule referred to in the preceding
sentence. Certain special rules apply if a short-term note is purchased for
more
or less than its principal amount.
Sale
or Other Disposition.
If a
noteholder sells a note, the holder will recognize gain or loss in an amount
equal to the difference between the amount realized on the sale (excluding
any
amount attributable to accrued but unpaid qualified stated interest, which
will
be treated as such) and the holder’s adjusted tax basis in the note. The
adjusted tax basis of a note to a particular noteholder will equal the holder’s
cost for the note, appropriately adjusted to take into account amortization
of
OID, market discount and premium, if any, and any payments previously received
by the noteholder with respect to the note (other than payments of qualified
stated interest). Any such gain or loss will be capital gain or loss if the
note
was held as a capital asset, except for gain representing accrued interest
and
accrued market discount not previously included in income. Capital losses
generally may be used only to offset capital gains.
Foreign
Holders.
Interest payments made (or accrued) to a noteholder who is a “foreign person”
(i.e.,
nonresident alien, foreign corporation or other non-U.S. Person) generally
will
be considered “portfolio interest,” and generally will not be subject to United
States federal income tax or withholding tax, if the interest is not effectively
connected with the conduct of a trade or business within the United States
by
the foreign person and the foreign person:
· |
is
not actually or constructively a “10 percent shareholder” of the trust
fund or the sponsor (including a holder of 10% of the outstanding
certificates) or a “controlled foreign corporation” with respect to which
the trust fund or the sponsor is a “related person” within the meaning of
the Code; and
|
· |
provides
the trustee or other person who is otherwise required to withhold
U.S. tax
with respect to the notes with an appropriate statement (on Form
W-8BEN),
signed under penalties of perjury, certifying that the beneficial
owner of
the note is a foreign person entitled to exemption from such tax
and
providing the foreign person’s name and
address.
|
If
a
foreign holder is a partnership or other type of pass-through entity that
is not
treated for U.S. withholding tax purposes as the beneficial owner of the
income
with respect to the note, the holder generally must receive the Form W-8BEN
as
described in the previous sentence from the holder’s partners or other
beneficial owners of the income with respect to the note and may be required
to
provide the forms, and certain additional information, to the person through
whom the holder holds the note. The forms provided by the holder or its
interestholders regarding status as a non-U.S. Person must generally be passed
through the ownership chain to the person otherwise required to withhold
tax in
order for the exemption to apply. If a note is held through a securities
clearing organization or certain other financial institutions, the foreign
person that owns the note should furnish such organization or institution
with a
Form W-8BEN or a similar form. The organization or institution may then be
required to forward the Form W-8BEN to the withholding agent. If interest
is not
portfolio interest and is not effectively connected with the conduct of a
U.S.
trade or business, then it will be subject to U.S. federal income and
withholding tax at a rate of 30%, unless reduced or eliminated pursuant to
an
applicable tax treaty.
Any
capital gain realized on the sale, redemption, retirement or other taxable
disposition of a note by a foreign person will be exempt from U.S. federal
income and withholding tax; provided, that (i) such gain is not effectively
connected with the conduct of a trade or business in the United States by
the
foreign person and (ii) in the case of an individual foreign person, the
foreign person is not present in the United States for 183 days or more in
the
taxable year of the disposition.
Backup
Withholding.
Each
holder of a note (other than an exempt holder such as a corporation, tax-exempt
organization, qualified pension and profit-sharing trust, individual retirement
account or nonresident alien who provides certification as to status as a
nonresident) will be required to provide, under penalties of perjury, a
certificate containing the holder’s name, address, correct federal taxpayer
identification number and a statement that the holder is a U.S. Person and
not
subject to backup withholding. Should a nonexempt noteholder fail to provide
the
required certification, the trust fund will be required to backup withhold
from
the amount otherwise payable to the holder and remit the withheld amount
to the
IRS as a credit against the holder’s federal income tax liability.
Possible
Alternative Treatments of the Notes.
If,
contrary to the opinion of tax counsel, the IRS successfully asserted that
one
or more of the notes did not represent debt for federal income tax purposes,
the
notes might be treated as equity interests in the trust fund. If so treated,
the
trust fund might be taxable as a corporation with the adverse consequences
described above under “—
Tax
Characterization of the Trust Fund as a Partnership,” and the taxable
corporation would not be able to reduce its taxable income by deductions
for
interest expense on notes recharacterized as equity. Alternatively, and most
likely in the view of tax counsel, the trust fund might be treated as a publicly
traded partnership that would not be taxable as a corporation because it
would
meet certain qualifying income tests. Nonetheless, treatment of the notes
as
equity interests in such a publicly traded partnership could have adverse
tax
consequences to certain holders. For example, income to certain tax-exempt
entities (including pension funds) may be “unrelated business taxable income,”
income to foreign holders generally would be subject to United States tax
and
United States tax return filing and withholding requirements, and individual
holders might be subject to certain limitations on their ability to deduct
their
share of the trust fund’s expenses.
Tax
Consequences to Holders of the Certificates
Treatment
of the Trust Fund as a Partnership.
The
trust fund and the servicer will agree, and the certificateholders will agree
by
their purchase of certificates, to treat the trust fund as a partnership
for
purposes of federal and state income tax, franchise tax and any other tax
measured in whole or in part by income, with the assets of the partnership
being
the assets held by the trust fund, the partners of the partnership being
the
certificateholders, and the notes being debt of the partnership. However,
the
proper characterization of the arrangement involving the trust fund, the
certificates, the notes, the trust fund and the servicer is not clear because
there is no authority on transactions closely comparable to that contemplated
herein.
A
variety
of alternative characterizations is possible. For example, because the
certificates have certain features characteristic of debt, the certificates
might be considered debt of the trust fund. Any such characterization would
not
result in materially adverse tax consequences to certificateholders as compared
to the consequences from treatment of the certificates as equity in a
partnership described below. The following discussion assumes that the
certificates represent equity interests in a partnership.
Indexed
Securities, etc.
The
following discussion assumes that all payments on the certificates are
denominated in U.S. dollars, none of the certificates is an indexed security
or
a stripped certificate, and that a series of securities includes a single
class
of certificates. If these conditions are not satisfied with respect to any
given
series of certificates, additional tax considerations with respect to such
certificates will be disclosed in the applicable prospectus
supplement.
Partnership
Taxation.
If the
trust fund is a partnership, the trust fund will not be subject to federal
income tax. Rather, each certificateholder will be required to separately
take
into account the holder’s allocated share of income, gains, losses, deductions
and credits of the trust fund. The trust fund’s income will consist primarily of
interest and finance charges earned on the underlying loans (including
appropriate adjustments for market discount, OID and bond premium, if any)
and
any gain upon collection or disposition of loans. The trust fund’s deductions
will consist primarily of interest accruing with respect to the notes, servicing
and other fees, and losses or deductions upon collection or disposition of
loans.
The
tax
items of a partnership are allocable to the partners in accordance with the
Code, Treasury regulations and the partnership agreement (here, the trust
agreement and related documents). Cash basis holders will in effect be required
to report income from the certificates on the accrual basis, and
certificateholders may become liable for taxes on trust fund income even
if they
have not received cash from the trust fund to pay taxes. In addition, because
tax allocations and tax reporting will be done on a uniform basis for all
certificateholders but certificateholders may be purchasing certificates
at
different times and at different prices, certificateholders may be required
to
report on their tax returns taxable income that is greater or less than the
amount reported to them by the trust fund.
All
of
the taxable income allocated to a certificateholder that is a pension,
profit-sharing or employee benefit plan or other tax-exempt entity (including
an
individual retirement account) may constitute “unrelated business taxable
income” generally taxable to the holder under the Code.
An
individual taxpayer’s share of expenses of the trust fund (including fees to the
servicer but not interest expense) would be miscellaneous itemized deductions.
Such deductions might be disallowed to the individual in whole or in part
and
might result in such holder being taxed on an amount of income that exceeds
the
amount of cash actually distributed to the holder over the life of the trust
fund.
The
trust
fund intends to make all tax calculations relating to income and allocations
to
certificateholders on an aggregate basis. If the IRS were to require that
such
calculations be made separately for each loan, the trust fund might be required
to incur additional expense but it is believed that there would not be a
material adverse effect on certificateholders.
Discount
and Premium.
It is
believed that the underlying loans will not be issued with OID, and, therefore,
the trust fund should not have OID income. However, the purchase price paid
by
the trust fund for the loans may be greater or less than the remaining principal
balance of the loans at the time of purchase. If so, the loan will have been
acquired at a premium or discount, as the case may be. (As indicated above,
the
trust fund will make this calculation on an aggregate basis, but might be
required to recompute it on a loan-by-loan basis.)
If
the
trust fund acquires the underlying loans at a market discount or premium,
the
trust fund will elect to include any discount in income currently as it accrues
over the life of the loans or to offset any premium against interest income
on
the loans. As indicated above, a portion of market discount income or premium
deduction may be allocated to certificateholders.
Section
708 Termination.
Under
section 708 of the Code, the trust fund will be deemed to terminate for federal
income tax purposes if 50% or more of the capital and profits interests in
the
trust fund are sold or exchanged within a 12-month period. Pursuant to Treasury
regulations issued under section 708 of the Code, if such a termination occurs,
the trust fund would be deemed to contribute its assets to a new partnership
in
exchange for interests in the new partnership. Such interests would be deemed
distributed to the partners of the original trust fund in liquidation thereof,
which would not constitute a sale or exchange.
Disposition
of Certificates.
Generally capital gain or loss will be recognized on a sale of certificates
in
an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized and the seller’s
tax basis in the certificates sold. A certificateholder’s tax basis in a
certificate will generally equal the holder’s cost increased by the holder’s
share of trust fund income (includible in income) and decreased by any
distributions received with respect to the certificate. In addition, both
the
tax basis in the certificates and the amount realized on a sale of a certificate
would include the holder’s share of the notes and other liabilities of the trust
fund. A holder acquiring certificates at different prices may be required
to
maintain a single aggregate adjusted tax basis in the certificates, and,
upon
sale or other disposition of some of the certificates, allocate a portion
of the
aggregate tax basis to the certificates sold (rather than maintaining a separate
tax basis in each certificate for purposes of computing gain or loss on a
sale
of that certificate).
Any
gain
on the sale of a certificate attributable to the holder’s share of unrecognized
accrued market discount on the loans would generally be treated as ordinary
income to the holder and would give rise to special tax reporting requirements.
The trust fund does not expect to have any other assets that would give rise
to
such special reporting requirements. Thus, to avoid those special reporting
requirements, the trust fund will elect to include market discount in income
as
it accrues.
If
a
certificateholder is required to recognize an aggregate amount of income
(not
including income attributable to disallowed itemized deductions described
above)
over the life of the certificates that exceeds the aggregate cash distributions
with respect thereto, this excess will generally give rise to a capital loss
upon the retirement of the certificates.
Allocations
Between Transferors and Transferees.
In
general, the trust fund’s taxable income and losses will be determined monthly,
and the tax items for a particular calendar month will be apportioned among
the
certificateholders in proportion to the principal amount of certificates
owned
by them as of the close of the last day of such month. As a result, a holder
purchasing certificates may be allocated tax items (which will affect its
tax
liability and tax basis) attributable to periods before the actual
transaction.
The
use
of such a monthly convention may not be permitted by existing regulations.
If a
monthly convention is not allowed (or only applies to transfers of less than
all
of the partner’s interest), taxable income or losses of the trust fund might be
reallocated among the certificateholders. The trust fund’s method of allocation
between transferors and transferees may be revised to conform to a method
permitted by future regulations.
Section
754 Election.
In the
event that a certificateholder sells its certificates at a profit (loss),
the
purchasing certificateholder will have a higher (lower) basis in the
certificates than the selling certificateholder had. Although recent legislation
requires a partnership with a substantial built in loss in its assets to
make
certain basis adjustments affecting the acquiring partners, those adjustments
are not required for securitization partnerships. The trust expects to qualify
as a securitization partnership and, thus, the tax basis of the trust fund’s
assets will not be adjusted to reflect that higher (or lower) basis unless
the
trust fund were to file an election under Section 754 of the Code. In order
to
avoid the administrative complexities that would be involved in keeping accurate
accounting records, as well as potentially onerous information reporting
requirements, the trust fund will not make such election, unless such an
election is required by law. As a result, certificateholders might be allocated
a greater or lesser amount of trust fund income than would be appropriate
based
on their own purchase price for certificates.
Administrative
Matters.
The
trustee is required to keep or have kept complete and accurate books of the
trust fund. Books will be maintained for financial reporting and tax purposes
on
an accrual basis, and the fiscal year of the trust fund will be the calendar
year unless otherwise required by law. The trustee will file a partnership
information return (IRS Form 1065) with the IRS for each taxable year of
the
trust fund and will report each certificateholder’s allocable share of items of
trust fund income and expense to holders and the IRS on Schedule K-1. The
trust
fund will provide the Schedule K-l information to nominees that fail to provide
the trust fund with the information statement described below, and such nominees
will be required to forward such information to the beneficial owners of
the
certificates. Generally, holders must file tax returns that are consistent
with
the information return filed by the trust fund or be subject to penalties
unless
the holder notifies the IRS of all such inconsistencies.
Under
Section 6031 of the Code, any person that holds certificates as a nominee
at any
time during a calendar year is required to furnish the trust fund with a
statement containing certain information on the nominee, the beneficial owners
and the certificates so held. Such information includes:
· |
the
name, address and taxpayer identification number of the nominee;
and
|
· |
as
to each beneficial owner (a) the name, address and identification
number of such person, (b) whether such person is a U.S. Person,
a
tax-exempt entity or a foreign government, an international organization
or any wholly owned agency or instrumentality of either of the
foregoing,
and (c) certain information on certificates that were held, bought or
sold on behalf of such person throughout the year.
|
In
addition, brokers and financial institutions that hold certificates through
a
nominee are required to furnish directly to the trust fund information as
to
themselves and their ownership of certificates. A clearing agency registered
under Section 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is not required
to
furnish any such information statement to the trust fund. The information
referred to above for any calendar year must be furnished to the trust fund
on
or before the following January 31. Nominees, brokers and financial institutions
that fail to provide the trust fund with the information described above
may be
subject to penalties.
The
depositor will be designated as the tax matters partner in the related trust
agreement and, as such, will be responsible for representing the
certificateholders in any dispute with the IRS. The Code provides for
administrative examination of a partnership as if the partnership were a
separate and distinct taxpayer. Generally, the statute of limitations for
partnership items does not expire before three years after the date on which
the
partnership information return is filed. Any adverse determination following
an
audit of the return of the trust fund by the appropriate taxing authorities
could result in an adjustment of the returns of the certificateholders, and,
under certain circumstances, a certificateholder may be precluded from
separately litigating a proposed adjustment to the items of the trust fund.
An
adjustment could also result in an audit of a certificateholder’s returns and
adjustments of items not related to the income and losses of the trust
fund.
Tax
Consequences to Foreign Certificateholders.
It is
not clear whether the trust fund would be considered to be engaged in a trade
or
business in the United States for purposes of federal withholding taxes with
respect to non-U.S. Persons because there is no clear authority dealing with
that issue under facts substantially similar to those described herein. Although
it is not expected that the trust fund would be engaged in a trade or business
in the United States for such purposes, the trust fund will withhold as if
it
were so engaged in order to protect the trust fund from possible adverse
consequences of a failure to withhold. The trust fund expects to withhold
on the
portion of its taxable income that is allocable to foreign certificateholders
pursuant to Section 1446 of the Code, as if such income were effectively
connected with a United States trade or business, at a rate of 35% for foreign
holders that are taxable as corporations and the highest rate of tax specified
in Section 1 of the Code for all other foreign holders. Subsequent adoption
of
Treasury regulations or the issuance of other administrative pronouncements
may
require the trust fund to change its withholding procedures. In determining
a
holder’s withholding status, the trust fund may rely on IRS Form W-8BEN or a
similar form, IRS Form W-9 or the holder’s certification of non-foreign status
signed under penalties of perjury.
Each
foreign holder might be required to file a United States individual or corporate
income tax return (including, in the case of a corporation, the branch profits
tax) on its share of the trust fund’s income. Each foreign holder must obtain a
taxpayer identification number from the IRS and submit that number to the
trust
fund on Form W-8BEN in order to assure appropriate crediting of the taxes
withheld. A foreign holder generally would be entitled to file with the IRS
a
claim for refund with respect to taxes withheld by the trust fund taking
the
position that no taxes were due because the trust fund was not engaged in
a
United States trade or business. However, interest payments made (or accrued)
to
a certificateholder who is a foreign person generally will be considered
guaranteed payments to the extent such payments are determined without regard
to
the income of the trust fund. If these interest payments are properly
characterized as guaranteed payments, then the interest will not be considered
“portfolio interest.” As a result, certificateholders will be subject to United
States federal income tax and withholding tax at a rate of 30%, unless reduced
or eliminated pursuant to an applicable treaty. In such case, a foreign holder
would only be entitled to claim a refund for that portion of the taxes in
excess
of the taxes that should be withheld with respect to the guaranteed
payments.
Backup
Withholding.
Distributions made on the certificates and proceeds from the sale of the
certificates will be subject to “backup” withholding tax if, in general, the
certificateholder fails to comply with certain identification procedures,
unless
the holder is an exempt recipient under applicable provisions of the Code.
Reportable
Transactions
Recent
Treasury pronouncements directed at potentially abusive tax shelter activity
appear to apply to transactions not conventionally regarded as tax shelters.
Treasury regulations require taxpayers to report certain disclosures on IRS
Form
8886 if they participate in a “reportable transaction.” Organizers and sellers
of the transaction are required to maintain records including investor lists
containing identifying information and to furnish those records to the IRS
upon
demand. A transaction may be a “reportable transaction” based upon several
indicia, one or more of which may be present with respect to your investment
in
the securities. Recently enacted legislation imposes significant penalties
for
failing to comply with these disclosure requirements. Investors are encouraged
to consult their own tax advisers concerning any possible disclosure obligation
with respect to their investment, and should be aware that Bear Stearns and
other participants in the transaction intend to comply with such disclosure
and
investor list maintenance requirements as they determine apply to them with
respect to a transaction.
State
and Local Tax Considerations
In
addition to the United States federal income tax considerations described
in
this prospectus under “Material Federal Income Tax Considerations,” potential
investors are encouraged to consider the state and local income tax consequences
of the acquisition, ownership, and disposition of the securities. State and
local income tax law may differ substantially from the corresponding federal
law, and this discussion does not purport to describe any aspect of the income
tax laws of any state or locality. Therefore, potential investors are encouraged
to consult their own tax advisors with respect to the various state and local
tax consequences of an investment in the securities.
ERISA
Considerations
Sections
404 and 406 of ERISA impose fiduciary and prohibited transaction restrictions
on
ERISA Plans and on various other retirement plans and arrangements, including
bank collective investment funds and insurance company general and separate
accounts in which ERISA Plans are invested. Section 4975 of the Code imposes
essentially the same prohibited transaction restrictions on Tax Favored Plans.
ERISA and the Code prohibit a broad range of transactions involving assets
of
Plans and persons having obtained specified relationships to a Plan, called
“Parties in Interest”, unless a statutory or administrative exemption is
available with respect to any such transaction.
Some
employee benefit plans, including governmental plans (as defined in Section
3(32) of ERISA), and, if no election has been made under Section 410(d) of
the
Code, church plans (as defined in Section 3(33) of ERISA) are not subject
to the
ERISA requirements. Accordingly, assets of these plans may be invested in
the
securities without regard to the ERISA considerations described below, subject
to the provisions of other applicable federal, state and local law. Any such
plan which is qualified and exempt from taxation under Sections 401(a) and
501(a) of the Code, however, is subject to the prohibited transaction rules
set
forth in Section 503 of the Code.
ERISA
generally imposes on Plan fiduciaries general fiduciary requirements, including
those of investment prudence and diversification and the requirement that
a
Plan=s
investments be made for the exclusive benefit of Plan participants and their
beneficiaries and in accordance with the documents governing the Plan. Any
person who has discretionary authority or control with respect to the management
or disposition of Plan Assets and any person who provides investment advice
with
respect to Plan Assets for a fee is a fiduciary of the investing Plan. If
the
mortgage loans and other assets included in the trust fund were to constitute
Plan Assets, then any party exercising management or discretionary control
with
respect to those Plan Assets may be deemed to be a Plan “fiduciary,” and thus
subject to the fiduciary responsibility provisions of ERISA and the prohibited
transaction provisions of ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code with respect
to any
investing Plan. In addition, the acquisition or holding of securities by
or on
behalf of a Plan or with Plan Assets, as well as the operation of the trust
fund, may constitute or involve a prohibited transaction under ERISA and
the
Code unless a statutory or administrative exemption is available. Further,
ERISA
and the Code prohibit a broad range of transactions involving Plan Assets
and
persons, called Parties in Interest unless a statutory or administrative
exemption is available. Some Parties in Interest that participate in a
prohibited transaction may be subject to a penalty (or an excise tax) imposed
under Section 502(i) of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, unless a statutory
or
administrative exemption is available with respect to any transaction of
this
sort.
Some
transactions involving the trust fund might be deemed to constitute prohibited
transactions under ERISA and the Code with respect to a Plan that purchases
the
securities, if the mortgage loans and other assets included in a trust fund
are
deemed to be assets of the Plan. The DOL has promulgated the DOL Regulations
concerning whether or not a Plan=s
assets,
or “Plan Assets” would be deemed to include an interest in the underlying assets
of an entity, including a trust fund, for purposes of applying the general
fiduciary responsibility provisions of ERISA and the prohibited transaction
provisions of ERISA and the Code. Under the DOL Regulations, generally, when
a
Plan acquires an “equity interest” in another entity (such as the trust fund),
the underlying assets of that entity may be considered to be Plan Assets
unless
an exception applies. Exceptions contained in the DOL Regulations provide
that a
Plan=s
assets
will not include an undivided interest in each asset of an entity in which
the
Plan makes an equity investment if: (1) the entity is an operating company;
(2)
the equity investment made by the Plan is either a “publicly-offered security”
that is “widely held,” both as defined in the DOL Regulations, or a security
issued by an investment company registered under the Investment Company Act
of
1940, as amended; or (3) Benefit Plan Investors do not own 25% or more in
value
of any class of equity securities issued by the entity. In addition, the
DOL
Regulations provide that the term “equity interest” means any interest in an
entity other than an instrument which is treated as indebtedness under
applicable local law and which has no “substantial equity features.” Under the
DOL Regulations, Plan Assets will be deemed to include an interest in the
instrument evidencing the equity interest of a Plan (such as a security with
“substantial equity features”), and, because of the factual nature of some of
the rules set forth in the DOL Regulations, Plan Assets may be deemed to
include
an interest in the underlying assets of the entity in which a Plan acquires
an
interest (such as the trust fund). Without regard to whether the securities
are
characterized as equity interests, the purchase, sale and holding of securities
by or on behalf of a Plan could be considered to give rise to a prohibited
transaction if the Issuing Entity, the trustee or any of their respective
affiliates is or becomes a Party in Interest with respect to the Plan. The
depositor, Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc., the master servicer or other servicer,
any pool insurer, any special hazard insurer, the trustee, and certain of
their
affiliates might be considered “parties in interest” or “disqualified persons”
with respect to a Plan. If so, the acquisition, holding or disposition of
securities by or on behalf of such Plan could be considered to give rise
to a
“prohibited transaction” within the meaning of ERISA and the Code unless an
exemption is available. Neither Plans nor persons investing Plan Assets should
acquire or hold securities in reliance upon the availability of any exception
under the DOL Regulations.
Class
Exemptions
The
DOL
has issued Prohibited Transaction Class Exemptions (“PTCEs”) which provide
exemptive relief to parties to any transaction which satisfies the conditions
of
the exemption. A partial listing of the PTCEs which may be available for
investments in securities follows. Each of these exemptions is available
only if
specified conditions are satisfied and may provide relief for some, but not
all,
of the prohibited transactions that a particular transaction may cause. The
prospectus supplement for a particular offering of securities may tell you
whether the securities themselves satisfy the conditions of these exemptions.
You should consult with your advisors regarding the specific scope, terms
and
conditions of an exemption as it applies to you, as an investor, before relying
on that exemption’s availability.
Class
exemptions for purchases and sales of securities.
The
following exemptions may apply to a purchase or sale of securities between
a
Plan, on the one hand, and a Party in Interest, on the other hand:
· |
PTCE
84-14, which exempts certain transactions approved on behalf of
the Plan
by a qualified professional asset
manager.
|
· |
PTCE
86-128, which exempts certain transactions between a Plan and certain
broker-dealers.
|
· |
PTCE
90-1, which exempts certain transactions entered into by insurance
company
pooled separate accounts in which Plans have made
investments.
|
· |
PTCE
91-38, which exempts certain transactions entered into by bank
collective
investment funds in which Plans have made
investments.
|
· |
PTCE
96-23, which exempts certain transactions approved on behalf of
a Plan by
an in-house investment manager.
|
These
exemptions do not expressly address prohibited transactions that might result
from transactions incidental to the operation of a trust. The issuing entity
cannot assure you that a purchase or sale of securities in reliance on one
of
these exemptions will not give rise to indirect, non-exempt prohibited
transactions.
Class
exemptions for purchases and sales of securities and transactions incidental
to
the operation of the Issuing Entity.
The
following exemptions may apply to a purchase or sale of securities between
a
Plan, on the one hand, and a Party in Interest, on the other hand, and may
also
apply to prohibited transactions that may result from transactions incident
to
the operation of the Issuing Entity:
· |
PTCE
95-60, which exempts certain transactions involving insurance company
general accounts.
|
· |
PTCE
83-1, which exempts certain transactions involving the purchase
of
pass-through certificates in mortgage pool investment trusts from,
and the
sale of such certificates to, the pool sponsor, as well as transactions
in
connection with the servicing and operation of the
pool.
|
Prohibited
Transaction Class Exemption 83-1.
The
U.S. Department of Labor has issued an administrative exemption, Prohibited
Transaction Class Exemption 83-1 (“PTCE 83-1”), which, under certain conditions,
exempts from the application of the prohibited transaction rules of ERISA
and
the excise tax provisions of Section 4975 of the Code transactions involving
a
Plan in connection with the operation of a “mortgage pool” and the purchase,
sale and holding of “mortgage pool pass-through certificates.” A “mortgage pool”
is defined as an investment pool, consisting solely of interest bearing
obligations secured by first or second mortgages or deeds of trust on
single-family residential property, property acquired in foreclosure and
undistributed cash. A “mortgage pool pass-through certificate” is defined as a
certificate which represents a beneficial undivided interest in a mortgage
pool
which entitles the holder to pass-through payments of principal and interest
from the mortgage loans.
For
the
exemption to apply, PTCE 83-1 requires that:
· |
the
depositor and the trustee maintain a system of insurance or other
protection for the mortgage loans and the property securing such
mortgage
loans, and for indemnifying holders of certificates against reductions
in
pass-through payments due to defaults in loan payments or property
damage
in an amount at least equal to the greater of 1% of the aggregate
principal balance of the mortgage loans, or 1% of the principal
balance of
the largest covered pooled mortgage
loan;
|
· |
the
trustee may not be an affiliate of the
depositor;
|
· |
and
the payments made and retained by the depositor in connection with
the
trust fund, together with all funds inuring to the depositor’s benefit for
administering the trust fund, represent no more than “adequate
consideration” for selling the mortgage loans, plus reasonable
compensation for services provided to the trust
fund.
|
In
addition, if it is applicable, PTCE 83-1 exempts the initial sale of
certificates to a Plan with respect to which the depositor, the special hazard
insurer, the pool insurer, the master servicer, or other servicer, or the
trustee are or is a party in interest if the Plan does not pay more than
fair
market value for such certificate and the rights and interests evidenced
by such
certificate are not subordinated to the rights and interests evidenced by
other
certificates of the same pool. PTCE 83-1 also exempts from the prohibited
transaction rules any transactions in connection with the servicing and
operation of the mortgage pool, provided that any payments made to the master
servicer in connection with the servicing of the trust fund are made in
accordance with a binding agreement, copies of which must be made available
to
prospective investors.
In
the
case of any Plan with respect to which the depositor, the master servicer,
the
special hazard insurer, the pool insurer, or the trustee is a fiduciary,
PTCE
83-1 will only apply if, in addition to the other requirements:
· |
the
initial sale, exchange or transfer of certificates is expressly
approved
by an independent fiduciary who has authority to manage and control
those
plan assets being invested in
certificates;
|
· |
the
Plan pays no more for the certificates than would be paid in an
arm’s
length transaction;
|
· |
no
investment management, advisory or underwriting fee, sale commission,
or
similar compensation is paid to the depositor with regard to the
sale,
exchange or transfer of certificates to the
Plan;
|
· |
the
total value of the certificates purchased by such Plan does not
exceed 25%
of the amount issued; and
|
· |
at
least 50% of the aggregate amount of certificates is acquired by
persons
independent of the depositor, the trustee, the master servicer,
and the
special hazard insurer or pool
insurer.
|
Before
purchasing certificates, a fiduciary of a Plan should confirm that the trust
fund is a “mortgage pool,” that the certificates constitute “mortgage pool
pass-through certificates,” and that the conditions set forth in PTCE 83-1 would
be satisfied. In addition to making its own determination as to the availability
of the exemptive relief provided in PTCE 83-1, the Plan fiduciary should
consider the availability of any other prohibited transaction exemptions.
The
Plan fiduciary also should consider its general fiduciary obligations under
ERISA in determining whether to purchase any certificates on behalf of a
Plan.
Underwriter
Exemption
The
DOL
has issued Exemptions to some underwriters, which generally exempt from the
application of the prohibited transaction provisions of Section 406 of ERISA,
and the excise taxes imposed on those prohibited transactions pursuant to
Section 4975(a) and (b) of the Code, some transactions, among others, relating
to the servicing and operation of mortgage pools and the initial purchase,
holding and subsequent resale of mortgage-backed securities or other
“securities” underwritten by an Underwriter, as defined below, provided that the
conditions set forth in the Exemption are satisfied. For purposes of this
section “ERISA Considerations”, the term “Underwriter” shall include (1) the
underwriter, (2) any person directly or indirectly, through one or more
intermediaries, controlling, controlled by or under common control with the
underwriter and (3) any member of the underwriting syndicate or selling group
of
which a person described in (1) or (2) is a manager or co-manager with respect
to a class of securities.
The
Exemption sets forth seven general conditions which must be satisfied for
the
Exemption to apply.
First,
the acquisition of securities by a Plan or with Plan Assets must be on terms
that are at least as favorable to the Plan as they would be in an
arm=s-length
transaction with an unrelated party.
Second,
the Exemption only applies to securities evidencing rights and interests
that
are not subordinated to the rights and interests evidenced by other securities
of the same trust, unless none of the mortgage loans has a loan-to- value
ratio
or combined loan-to-value ratio at the date of issuance of the securities
that
exceeds 100%.
Third,
the securities at the time of acquisition by a Plan or with Plan Assets must
be
rated in one of the four highest generic rating categories by an Exemption
Rating Agency. However, the securities must be rated in one of the two highest
generic categories by an Exemption Rating Agency if the loan-to-value ratio
or
combined loan-to-value ratio of any one- to four-family residential mortgage
loan or home equity loan held in the trust exceeds 100% but does not exceed
125%
at the date of issuance of the securities, and in that case the Exemption
will
not apply: (1) to any of the securities if any mortgage loan or other asset
held
in the trust (other than a one- to four-family residential mortgage loan
or home
equity loan) has a loan-to-value ratio or combined loan-to-value ratio that
exceeds 100% at the Closing Date or (2) to any subordinate
securities.
Fourth,
the trustee cannot be an affiliate of any member of the Restricted Group
(which
consists of any Underwriter, the master servicer, the special servicer, any
subservicer, the depositor, any counterparty to an “eligible swap” (as described
below) and any officer with respect to assets included in the trust fund
consisting of more than 5% of the aggregate unamortized principal balance
of the
assets in the trust fund as of the date of initial issuance of the securities)
other than the underwriter.
Fifth,
the sum of all payments made to and retained by the Underwriter(s) must
represent not more than reasonable compensation for underwriting the securities;
the sum of all payments made to and retained by the depositor pursuant to
the
assignment of the assets to the related trust fund must represent not more
than
the fair market value of the obligations; and the sum of all payments made
to
and retained by the master servicer, the special servicer and any subservicer
must represent not more than reasonable compensation for the person’s services
under the related Agreement and reimbursement of the person’s reasonable
expenses in connection therewith.
Sixth,
the investing Plan or Plan Asset investor must be an accredited investor
as
defined in Rule 501(a)(1) of Regulation D of the Commission under the Securities
Act.
Seventh,
for Issuing Entities other than certain trusts, the documents establishing
the
Issuing Entity and governing the transaction must contain certain provisions
as
described in the Exemption intended to protect the assets of the Issuing
Entity
from creditors of the Depositor.
Permitted
trust funds include owner-trusts, as well as grantor-trusts and REMICs.
Owner-trusts are subject to certain restrictions in their governing documents
to
ensure that their assets may not be reached by creditors of the depositor
in the
event of bankruptcy or other insolvency and must provide certain legal
opinions.
The
Exemption permits interest rate swaps, interest rate caps and yield supplement
agreements to be assets of a trust fund if certain conditions are
satisfied.
An
interest-rate swap or (if purchased by or on behalf of the Issuing Entity)
an
interest-rate cap contract (collectively, a “swap” or “swap agreement”) is a
permitted trust fund asset if it: (a) is an “eligible swap;” (b) is with an
“eligible counterparty;” (c) meets certain additional specific conditions which
depend on whether the swap is a “ratings dependent swap” or a “non-ratings
dependent swap” and (d) permits the Issuing Entity to make termination payments
to the swap counterparty (other than currently scheduled payments) solely
from
excess spread or amounts
otherwise payable to the servicer, depositor, sponsor or any other seller.
Securities to which one or more swap agreements apply may be acquired or
held by
only “qualified plan investors.”
An
“eligible swap” is one which: (a) is denominated in U.S. dollars; (b) pursuant
to which the Issuing Entity pays or receives, on or immediately prior to
the
respective payment or distribution date for the class of securities to which
the
swap relates, a fixed rate of interest or a floating rate of interest based
on a
publicly available index (e.g., LIBOR or the U.S. Federal Reserve’s Cost of
Funds Index (COFI)), with the Issuing Entity receiving such payments on at
least
a quarterly basis and obligated to make separate payments no more frequently
than the counterparty, with all simultaneous payments being netted (“allowable
interest rate”); (c) has a notional amount that does not exceed either: (i) the
principal balance of the class of securities to which the swap relates, or
(ii)
the portion of the principal balance of such class represented by obligations
(“allowable notional amount”); (d) is not leveraged (i.e., payments are based on
the applicable notional amount, the day count fractions, the fixed or floating
rates permitted above, and the difference between the products thereof,
calculated on a one-to-one ratio and not on a multiplier of such difference)
(“leveraged”); (e) has a final termination date that is either the earlier of
the date on which the issuer terminates or the related class of securities
are
fully repaid and (f) does not incorporate any provision which could cause
a
unilateral alteration in the requirements described in (a) through (d) of
this
paragraph.
An
“eligible counterparty” means a bank or other financial institution which has a
rating at the date of issuance of the securities, which is in one of the
three
highest long term credit rating categories or one of the two highest short
term
credit rating categories, utilized by at least one of the exemption rating
agencies rating the securities; provided that, if a counterparty is relying
on
its short term rating to establish eligibility under the Exemption, such
counterparty must either have a long term rating in one of the three highest
long term rating categories or not have a long term rating from the applicable
exemption rating agency.
A
“qualified plan investor” is a plan where the decision to buy a class of
securities is made on behalf of the plan by an independent fiduciary qualified
to understand the swap transaction and the effect the swap would have on
the
rating of the securities and such fiduciary is either (a) a “qualified
professional asset manager” (“QPAM”) under PTCE 84-14, (b) an “in-house asset
manager” under PTCE 96-23 or (c) has total assets (both plan and non-plan) under
management of at least $100 million at the time the securities are acquired
by
the plan.
In
“ratings dependent swaps” (where the rating of a class of securities is
dependent on the terms and conditions of the swap), the swap agreement must
provide that if the credit rating of the counterparty is withdrawn or reduced
by
any exemption rating agency below a level specified by the exemption rating
agency, the servicer must, within the period specified under the Pooling
and
Servicing Agreement: (a) obtain a replacement swap agreement with an eligible
counterparty which is acceptable to the exemption rating agency and the terms
of
which are substantially the same as the current swap agreement (at which
time
the earlier swap agreement must terminate); or (b) cause the swap counterparty
to establish any collateralization or other arrangement satisfactory to the
exemption rating agency such that the then current rating by the exemption
rating agency of the particular class of securities will not be withdrawn
or
reduced (and the terms of the swap agreement must specifically obligate the
counterparty to perform these duties for any class of securities with a term
of
more than one year). In the event that the servicer fails to meet these
obligations, holders of the securities that are employee benefit plans or
other
retirement arrangements must be notified in the immediately following periodic
report which is provided to the holders of the securities but in no event
later
than the end of the second month beginning after the date of such failure.
Sixty
days after the receipt of such report, the exemptive relief provided under
the
underwriter exemption will prospectively cease to be applicable to any class
of
securities held by an employee benefit plan or other retirement arrangement
which involves such ratings dependent swap.
“Non-ratings
dependent swaps” (those where the rating of the securities does not depend on
the terms and conditions of the swap) are subject to the following conditions.
If the credit rating of the counterparty is withdrawn or reduced below the
lowest level permitted above, the servicer will, within a specified period
after
such rating withdrawal or reduction: (a) obtain a replacement swap agreement
with an eligible counterparty, the terms of which are substantially the same
as
the current swap agreement (at which time the earlier swap agreement must
terminate); (b) cause the counterparty to post collateral with the Issuing
Entity in an amount equal to all payments owed by the counterparty if the
swap
transaction were terminated; or (c) terminate the swap agreement in accordance
with its terms.
An
“eligible yield supplement agreement” is any yield supplement agreement or
similar arrangement or (if purchased by or on behalf of the Issuing Entity)
an
interest rate cap contract to supplement the interest rates otherwise payable
on
obligations held by the trust fund (“EYS Agreement”). If the EYS Agreement has a
notional principal amount and/or is written on an International Swaps and
Derivatives Association, Inc. (ISDA) form, the EYS Agreement may only be
held as
an asset of the trust fund if it meets the following conditions: (a) it is
denominated in U.S. dollars; (b) it pays an allowable interest rate; (c)
it is
not leveraged; (d) it does not allow any of these three preceding requirements
to be unilaterally altered without the consent of the trustee; (e) it is
entered
into between the Issuing Entity and an eligible counterparty and (f) it has
an
allowable notional amount.
The
Exemption also requires that the trust fund meet the following requirements:
(1)
the trust fund must consist solely of assets of the type that have been included
in other investment pools; (2) securities evidencing interests in the other
investment pools must have been rated in one of the four highest generic
categories of one of the Exemption Rating Agencies for at least one year
prior
to the acquisition of securities by or on behalf of a Plan or with Plan Assets;
and (3) securities evidencing interests in the other investment pools must
have
been purchased by investors other than Plans for at least one year prior
to any
acquisition of securities by or on behalf of a Plan or with Plan
Assets.
A
fiduciary of a Plan or any person investing Plan Assets to purchase a security
must make its own determination that the conditions set forth above will
be
satisfied with respect to the security.
If
the
general conditions of the Exemption are satisfied, the Exemption may provide
an
exemption from the restrictions imposed by Sections 406(a) and 407(a) of
ERISA,
and the excise taxes imposed by Sections 4975(a) and (b) of the Code by reason
of Sections 4975(c)(1)(A) through (D) of the Code, in connection with the
direct
or indirect sale, exchange or transfer of securities in the initial issuance
of
the securities or the direct or indirect acquisition or disposition in the
secondary market of securities by a Plan or with Plan Assets or the continued
holding of securities acquired by a Plan or with Plan Assets pursuant to
either
of the foregoing. However, no exemption is provided from the restrictions of
Sections 406(a)(1)(E), 406(a)(2) and 407 of ERISA for the acquisition or
holding
of a security on behalf of an “Excluded Plan” by any person who has
discretionary authority or renders investment advice with respect to the
assets
of an Excluded Plan. For purposes of the securities, an Excluded Plan is
a Plan
sponsored by any member of the Restricted Group.
If
the
specific conditions of the Exemption are also satisfied, the Exemption may
provide an exemption from the restrictions imposed by Sections 406(b)(1)
and
(b)(2) of ERISA, and the excise taxes imposed by Sections 4975(a) and (b)
of the
Code by reason of Section 4975(c)(1)(E) of the Code, in connection
with:
|
1.
|
The
direct or indirect sale, exchange or transfer of securities in
the initial
issuance of securities between the depositor or an Underwriter
and a Plan
when the person who has discretionary authority or renders investment
advice with respect to the investment of Plan Assets in the securities
is
(a) a mortgagor with respect to 5% or less of the fair market value
of the
trust fund assets or (b) an affiliate of such a person, provided
that:
|
i. The
Plan
is not an Excluded Plan,
|
ii.
|
Each
Plan’s investment in each class of securities does not exceed 25% of
the
outstanding securities in the
class,
|
|
iii.
|
After
the Plan’s acquisition of the securities, no more than 25% of the assets
over which the fiduciary has investment authority are invested
in
securities of a trust fund containing assets which are sold or
serviced by
the same entity, and
|
|
iv.
|
In
the case of initial issuance (but not secondary market transactions),
at
least 50% of each class of securities and at least 50% of the aggregate
interests in the trust fund are acquired by persons independent
of the
Restricted Group;
|
|
2.
|
The
direct or indirect acquisition or disposition in the secondary
market of
securities by a Plan or with Plan assets provided that the conditions
in
(i), (iii) and (iv) of 1 above are met;
and
|
|
3.
|
The
continued holding of securities acquired by a Plan or with Plan
Assets
pursuant to sections 1 or 2 above.
|
Further,
if the specific conditions of the Exemption are satisfied, the Exemption
may
provide an exemption from the restrictions imposed by Sections 406(a), 406(b)
and 407 of ERISA, and the excise taxes imposed by Sections 4975(a) and (b)
of
the Code by reason of Section 4975(c) of the Code for transactions in connection
with the servicing, management and operation of the trust fund. The depositor
expects that the specific conditions of the Exemption required for this purpose
will be satisfied with respect to the securities so that the Exemption would
provide an exemption from the restrictions imposed by Sections 406(a) and
(b) of
ERISA (as well as the excise taxes imposed by Sections 4975(a) and (b) of
the
Code by reason of Section 4975(c) of the Code) for transactions in connection
with the servicing, management and operation of the trust fund, provided
that
the general conditions of the Exemption are satisfied.
The
Exemption also may provide an exemption from the application of the prohibited
transaction provisions of Sections 406(a) and 407(a) of ERISA, and the excise
taxes imposed by Section 4975(a) and (b) of the Code by reason of Sections
4975(c)(1)(A) through (D) of the Code if the restrictions are deemed to
otherwise apply merely because a person is deemed to be a Party in Interest
with
respect to an investing Plan by virtue of providing services to the Plan
(or by
virtue of having a specified relationship to such a person) solely as a result
of the Plan=s
ownership of securities.
The
Exemption generally extends exemptive relief to mortgage-backed and asset-backed
securities transactions using pre-funding accounts for trusts issuing
securities. With respect to the securities, the Exemption will generally
allow
mortgage loans supporting payments to securityholders, and having a value
equal
to no more than 25% of the total principal amount of the securities being
offered by the trust fund, to be transferred to the trust fund within the
pre-funding period instead of requiring that all the mortgage loans be either
identified or transferred on or before the Closing Date. In general, the
relief
applies to the purchase, sale and holding of securities which otherwise qualify
for the Exemption, provided that the following general conditions are
met:
· |
the
ratio of the amount allocated to the pre-funding account to the
total
principal amount of the securities being offered must be less than
or
equal to 25%;
|
· |
all
additional mortgage loans transferred to the related trust fund
after the
Closing Date must meet the same terms and conditions for eligibility
as
the original mortgage loans used to create the trust fund, which
terms and
conditions have been approved by one of the Exemption Rating
Agencies;
|
· |
the
transfer of the additional mortgage loans to the trust fund during
the
pre-funding period must not result in the securities to be covered
by the
Exemption receiving a lower credit rating from an Exemption Rating
Agency
upon termination of the pre-funding period than the rating that
was
obtained at the time of the initial issuance of the securities
by the
trust fund;
|
· |
solely
as a result of the use of pre-funding, the weighted average annual
percentage interest rate for the mortgage loans included in the
related
trust fund on the Closing Date and all additional mortgage loans
transferred to the related trust fund after the Closing Date at
the end of
the Pre- Funding Period must not be more than 100 basis points
lower than
the rate for the mortgage loans which were transferred to the trust
fund
on the Closing Date;
|
|
(1)
|
the
characteristics of the additional mortgage loans transferred to
the
related trust fund after the Closing Date must be monitored by
an insurer
or other credit support provider which is independent of the depositor;
or
|
|
(2)
|
an
independent accountant retained by the depositor must provide the
depositor with a letter (with copies provided to the Exemption
Rating
Agency rating the securities, the Underwriter and the trustee)
stating
whether or not the characteristics of the additional mortgage loans
transferred to the related trust fund after the Closing Date conform
to
the characteristics described in the prospectus or prospectus supplement
and/or agreement. In preparing the letter, the independent accountant
must
use the same type of procedures as were applicable to the mortgage
loans
which were transferred to the trust fund as of the Closing
Date;
|
· |
the
pre-funding period must end no later than three months or 90 days
after
the Closing Date or earlier in some circumstances if the pre-funding
accounts falls below the minimum level specified in the Agreement
or an
event of default occurs;
|
· |
amounts
transferred to any pre-funding accounts and/or capitalized interest
account used in connection with the pre-funding may be invested
only in
investments which are permitted by the Exemption Rating Agencies
rating
the securities and must:
|
|
(1)
|
be
direct obligations of, or obligations fully guaranteed as to timely
payment of principal and interest by, the United States or any
agency or
instrumentality thereof (provided that the obligations are backed
by the
full faith and credit of the United States);
or
|
|
(2)
|
have
been rated (or the obligor has been rated) in one of the three
highest
generic rating categories by one of the Exemption Rating Agencies
(“ERISA
Permitted Investments”);
|
· |
the
prospectus or prospectus supplement must describe the duration
of the
pre-funding period;
|
· |
the
trustee (or any agent with which the trustee contracts to provide
trust
services) must be a substantial financial institution or trust
company
experienced in trust activities and familiar with its duties,
responsibilities and liabilities with ERISA. The trustee, as legal
owner
of the trust fund, must enforce all the rights created in favor
of
securityholders of the trust fund, including employee benefit plans
subject to ERISA.
|
Insurance
company general accounts.
· |
In
the event that securities which are certificates, but not notes,
do not
meet the requirements of the Exemption solely because they are
subordinate
certificates or fail to meet a minimum rating requirements under
the
Exemption, certain Plans may be eligible to purchase certificates
pursuant
to Sections I and III of PTCE 95-60 which permits insurance company
general accounts as defined in PTCE 95-60 to purchase such certificates
if
they otherwise meet all of the other requirements of the
Exemption.
|
· |
Insurance
companies contemplating the investment of general account assets
in the
securities are encouraged to consult with their legal advisors
with
respect to the applicability of Section 401(c) of ERISA. The DOL
issued
final regulations under Section 401(c) which became effective on
July 5,
2001.
|
Revolving
pool features.
The
Exemption only covers certificates backed by a “fixed” pool of loans which
requires that all the loans must be transferred to the trust fund or identified
at closing (or transferred within the pre-funding period, if pre-funding
meeting
the conditions described above is used). Accordingly, certificates issued
by
trust funds which feature revolving pools of assets will not be eligible
for a
purchase by Plans. However, securities which are notes backed by revolving
pools
of assets may be eligible for purchase by Plans pursuant to certain other
prohibited transaction exemptions. See discussion below in “ERISA Considerations
Relating to Notes.”
ERISA
Considerations Relating to Notes
Under
the
DOL Regulations, the assets of the trust fund would be treated as “plan assets”
of a Plan for the purposes of ERISA and the Code only if the Plan acquires
an
“equity interest” in the trust fund and none of the exceptions contained in the
DOL Regulations is applicable. An equity interest is defined under the DOL
Regulations as an interest other than an instrument which is treated as
indebtedness under applicable local law and which has no substantial equity
features. Assuming that the notes are treated as indebtedness without
substantial equity features for purposes of the DOL Regulations, then such
notes
will be eligible for purchase by Plans. However, without regard to whether
the
notes are treated as an “equity interest” for such purposes, the acquisition or
holding of notes by or on behalf of a Plan could be considered to give rise
to a
prohibited transaction if the trust fund or any of its affiliates is or becomes
a party in interest or disqualified person with respect to such Plan, or
in the
event that a note is purchased in the secondary market and such purchase
constitutes a sale or exchange between a Plan and a party in interest or
disqualified person with respect to such Plan. There can be no assurance
that
the trust fund or any of its affiliates will not be or become a party in
interest or a disqualified person with respect to a Plan that acquires
notes.
The
Exemption permits trust funds which are grantor trusts, owner-trusts or REMICs
to issue notes, as well as certificates, provided a legal opinion is received
to
the effect that the noteholders have a perfected security interest in the
trust
fund’s assets. The exemptive relief provided under the Exemption for any
prohibited transactions which could be caused as a result of the operation,
management or servicing of the trust fund and its assets would not be necessary
with respect to notes with no substantial equity features which are issued
as
obligations of the trust fund. Nevertheless, because other prohibited
transactions might be involved, the Exemption would provide prohibited
transaction exemptive relief, provided that the same conditions of the Exemption
described above relating to certificates are met with respect to the notes.
The
same limitations of such exemptive relief relating to acquisitions of
certificates by fiduciaries with respect to Excluded Plans would also be
applicable to the notes as described herein.
In
the
event that the Exemption is not applicable to the notes, one or more other
prohibited transactions exemptions may be available to Plans purchasing or
transferring the notes depending in part upon the type of Plan fiduciary
making
the decision to acquire the notes and the circumstances under which such
decision is made. These exemptions include, but are not limited to, PTCE
Exemption 90-1 (regarding investments by insurance company pooled separate
accounts), PTCE 91-38 (regarding investments by bank collective investments
funds), PTCE 84-14 (regarding transactions effected by “qualified professional
asset managers”), PTCE 95-60 (regarding investments by insurance company general
accounts) and PTCE 96-23 (regarding transactions effected by “in-house asset
managers”) (collectively, the “Investor-Based Exemptions”). However, even if the
conditions specified in these Investor-Based Exemptions are met, the scope
of
the relief provided under such Exemptions might or might not cover all acts
which might be construed as prohibited transactions.
In
the
event that the Exemption is not applicable to the notes, there can be no
assurance that any class of notes will be treated as indebtedness without
substantial equity features for purposes of the DOL Regulations. There is
increased uncertainty regarding the characterization of debt instruments
that do
not carry an investment grade rating. Consequently, in the event of a withdrawal
or downgrade to below investment grade of the rating of a class of notes,
the
subsequent transfer of such notes or any interest therein to a Plan trustee
or
other person acting on behalf of a Plan, or using Plan Assets to effect such
transfer, will be restricted. Unless otherwise stated in the related prospectus
supplement, by acquiring a note, each purchaser will be deemed to represent
that
either (1) it is not acquiring the note with Plan Assets; or (2) (A) either
(i)
none of the issuing entity, the depositor any underwriter, the trustee, the
master servicer, any other servicer or any of their affiliates is a party
in
interest with respect to such purchaser that is a Plan or (ii) PTCE 90-1,
PTCE
91-38, PTCE 84-14, PTCE 95-60, PTCE 96-23 or some other prohibited transaction
exemption is applicable to the acquisition and holding of the note by such
purchaser and (B) the notes are rated investment grade or better and such
person
believes that the notes are properly treated as indebtedness without substantial
equity features for purposes of the DOL Regulations, and agrees to so treat
the
notes. Alternatively, regardless of the rating of the notes, such person
may
provide the trustee with an opinion of counsel, which opinion of counsel
will
not be at the expense of the issuing entity, the depositor, the trustee,
the
master servicer or any other servicer, which opines that the purchase, holding
and transfer of such note or interest therein is permissible under applicable
law, will not constitute or result in a non-exempt prohibited transaction
under
ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code and will not subject the issuing entity,
the
depositor, the trustee, the master servicer or any other servicer to any
obligation in addition to those undertaken in the indenture.
EACH
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT WILL CONTAIN INFORMATION CONCERNING CONSIDERATIONS
RELATING TO ERISA AND THE CODE THAT ARE APPLICABLE TO THE RELATED SECURITIES.
BEFORE PURCHASING SECURITIES IN RELIANCE ON THE EXEMPTION, THE INVESTOR-BASED
EXEMPTIONS OR ANY OTHER EXEMPTION, A FIDUCIARY OF A PLAN SHOULD ITSELF CONFIRM
THAT REQUIREMENTS SET FORTH IN SUCH EXEMPTION WOULD BE SATISFIED.
ANY
PLAN
INVESTOR WHO PROPOSES TO USE “PLAN ASSETS” OF ANY PLAN TO PURCHASE SECURITIES OF
ANY SERIES OR CLASS ARE ENCOURAGED TO CONSULT WITH ITS COUNSEL WITH RESPECT
TO
THE POTENTIAL CONSEQUENCES UNDER ERISA AND SECTION 4975 OF THE CODE OF THE
ACQUISITION AND OWNERSHIP OF SUCH SECURITIES.
Exchangeable
Securities
With
respect to those classes of exchangeable securities which were eligible for
exemptive relief under the Exemption when purchased, the Exemption would
also
cover the acquisition or disposition of such exchangeable securities when
the
securityholder exercises its exchange rights. However, with respect to classes
of exchangeable securities which were not eligible for exemptive relief under
the Exemption when purchased, the exchange, purchase or sale of such securities
pursuant to the exercise of exchange rights or call rights may give rise
to
prohibited transactions if a Plan and a Party in Interest with respect to
such
Plan are involved in the transaction. However, one or more Investor-Based
Exemptions discussed above may be applicable to these transactions.
Tax
Exempt Investors
A
Plan
that is exempt from federal income taxation pursuant to Section 501 of the
Code
nonetheless will be subject to federal income taxation to the extent that
its
income is “unrelated business taxable income” within the meaning of Section 512
of the Code.
Consultation
with Counsel
There
can
be no assurance that the Exemption or any other DOL exemption will apply
with
respect to any particular Plan that acquires the securities or, even if all
the
conditions specified therein were satisfied, that any such exemption would
apply
to transactions involving the trust fund. In addition, the recently enacted
Pension Protection Act of 2006 modified the ERISA rules relating to prohibited
transactions and Plan Assets. Prospective Plan investors should consult with
their legal counsel concerning the impact of ERISA and the Code and the
potential consequences to their specific circumstances prior to making an
investment in the securities. Neither the depositor, the trustees, the master
servicer nor any of their respective affiliates will make any representation
to
the effect that the securities satisfy all legal requirements with respect
to
the investment therein by Plans generally or any particular Plan or to the
effect that the securities are an appropriate investment for Plans generally
or
any particular Plan.
Before
purchasing a security in reliance on the Exemption, or an Investor-Based
Exemption, or any other exemption, a fiduciary of a Plan or other Plan Asset
Investor should itself confirm that (a) all the specific and general conditions
set forth in the Exemption, an Investor-Based Exemption or other exemption
would
be satisfied and (b) in the case of a security purchased under the Exemption,
the security constitutes a “security” for purposes of the Exemption. In addition
to making its own determination as to the availability of the exemptive relief
provided in the Exemption, and Investor-Based Exemption or other exemption,
the
Plan fiduciary should consider its general fiduciary obligations under ERISA
in
determining whether to purchase the securities on behalf of a
Plan.
A
governmental plan as defined in Section 3(32) of ERISA is not subject to
ERISA,
or Code Section 4975. However, such governmental plan may be subject to federal,
state and local law, which is, to a material extent, similar to the provisions
of ERISA or a Code Section 4975. A fiduciary of a governmental plan should
make
its own determination as to the propriety of such investment under applicable
fiduciary or other investment standards, and the need for the availability
of
any exemptive relief under any similar law.
Method
of Distribution
The
depositor will offer the securities in series. The distribution of the
securities may be effected from time to time in one or more transactions,
including negotiated transactions, at a fixed public offering price or at
varying prices to be determined at the time of sale or at the time of commitment
therefor. If so specified in the related prospectus supplement, Bear, Stearns
& Co. Inc., an affiliate of the depositor, acting as underwriter with other
underwriters, if any, named in such prospectus supplement will distribute
the
securities in a firm commitment underwriting, subject to the terms and
conditions of the underwriting agreement. In such event, the related prospectus
supplement may also specify that the underwriters will not be obligated to
pay
for any securities agreed to be purchased by purchasers pursuant to purchase
agreements acceptable to the depositor. In connection with the sale of the
securities, underwriters may receive compensation from the depositor or from
purchasers of the securities in the form of discounts, concessions or
commissions. The related prospectus supplement will describe any such
compensation that is paid by the depositor.
As
to any
offering of securities, in addition to the method of distribution as described
in the prospectus supplement and this base prospectus, the distribution of
any
class of the offered securities may be effected through one or more
resecuritization transactions, in accordance with Rule 190(b).
Alternatively,
the related prospectus supplement may specify that Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc.
acting as agent or in some cases as principal with respect to securities
that it
has previously purchased or agreed to purchase, will distribute the securities.
If Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. acts as agent in the sale of securities, Bear,
Stearns & Co. Inc. will receive a selling commission with respect to each
series of securities, depending on market conditions, expressed as a percentage
of the aggregate principal balance of the securities sold hereunder as of
the
closing date. The exact percentage for each series of securities will be
disclosed in the related prospectus supplement. To the extent that Bear,
Stearns
& Co. Inc. elects to purchase securities as principal, Bear, Stearns &
Co. Inc. may realize losses or profits based upon the difference between
its
purchase price and the sales price. The related prospectus supplement with
respect to any series offered other than through underwriters will contain
information regarding the nature of such offering and any agreements to be
entered into between the depositor and purchasers of securities of such
series.
The
depositor will indemnify Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. and any underwriters
against certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities
Act of 1933, or will contribute to payments Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. and any
underwriters may be required to make in respect thereof.
In
the
ordinary course of business, the depositor and Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. may
engage in various securities and financing transactions, including repurchase
agreements to provide interim financing of the depositor’s mortgage loans
pending the sale of such mortgage loans or interests in such mortgage loans,
including the securities.
Bear,
Stearns & Co. Inc. may use this prospectus and the related prospectus
supplement in connection with offers and sales related to market-making
transactions in the securities. Bear, Stearns & Co. Inc. may act as
principal or agent in such transactions. Such sales will be made at prices
related to prevailing market prices at the time of sale or
otherwise.
The
depositor anticipates that the securities will be sold primarily to
institutional investors or sophisticated non-institutional investors. Purchasers
of securities, including dealers, may, depending on the facts and circumstances
of such purchases, be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of the
Securities Act of 1933 in connection with reoffers and sales by them of
securities. Securityholders should consult with their legal advisors in this
regard before any such reoffer or sale.
Legal
Matters
Legal
matters in connection with the securities of each series, including both
federal
income tax matters and the legality of the securities being offered will
be
passed upon by Thacher Proffitt & Wood llp,
Orrick,
Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP and Greenberg Traurig LLP or other counsel
designated in the prospectus supplement.
Financial
Information
A
new
trust fund will be formed for each series of securities. No trust fund will
engage in any business activities or have any assets or obligations prior
to the
issuance of the related series of securities. Accordingly, no financial
statements with respect to any trust fund will be included in this prospectus
or
in the related prospectus supplement.
Available
Information
The
depositor is subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act
and
in accordance therewith files reports and other information with the Commission.
Reports and other information filed by the depositor can be inspected and
copied
at the Public Reference Room maintained by the Commission at 100 F Street
NE,
Washington, DC 20549, and its Regional Offices located as follows: Chicago
Regional Office, 500 West Madison, 14th Floor, Chicago, Illinois 60661; New
York
Regional Office, 233 Broadway, New York, New York 10279. Copies of the material
can also be obtained from the Public Reference Section of the Commission,
100 F
Street NE, Washington, DC 20549, at prescribed rates and electronically through
the Commission’s Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval system at the
Commission’s Website (http://www.sec.gov). Information about the operation of
the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the Securities and Exchange
Commission at (800) SEC-0330. Exchange Act reports as to any series filed
with
the Commission will be filed under the issuing entity’s name. The depositor does
not intend to send any financial reports to security holders.
The
issuing entity’s annual reports on Form 10-K (including reports of assessment of
compliance with the AB Servicing Criteria, attestation reports, and statements
of compliance, discussed in “Reports to Holders” in this prospectus and
“Servicing of Loans — Evidence as to Compliance” in the related prospectus
supplement, required to be filed under Regulation AB), periodic distribution
reports on Form 10-D, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those
reports, together with such other reports to security holders or information
about the securities as shall have been filed with the Commission will be
posted
on the trustee’s or the securities administrator’s internet web site as soon as
reasonably practicable after it has been electronically filed with, or furnished
to, the Commission. The address of the website will be provided in the related
Prospectus Supplement.
This
prospectus does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration
statement (of which this prospectus forms a part) and exhibits thereto which
the
depositor has filed with the Commission under the Securities Act and to which
reference is hereby made.
Incorporation
of Certain Information by Reference
This
prospectus incorporates by reference all documents, including but not limited
to
the financial statements and reports filed or incorporated by reference by
the
depositor, Bear Stearns Asset Backed Securities I LLC, with respect to a
trust
fund pursuant to the requirements of Section 13(a), 14 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, prior to the termination of
the
offering of the related securities. All documents subsequently filed by the
depositor pursuant to Sections 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act in respect
of
any offering prior to the termination of the offering of the offered securities
shall also be deemed incorporated by reference into this prospectus and the
related prospectus supplement. Upon request by any person to whom this
prospectus is delivered in connection with the offering of one or more classes
securities, the depositor will provide or cause to be provided without charge
a
copy of any of the documents and/or reports incorporated herein by reference,
in
each case to the extent the documents or reports relate to those classes
of
securities, other than the exhibits to the documents (unless the exhibits
are
specifically incorporated by reference in such documents). Requests to the
depositor should be directed in writing to: Bear Stearns Asset Backed Securities
I LLC, 383 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10179, telephone number (212)
272-2000. The depositor has determined that its financial statements are
not
material to the offering of any securities.
Investors
may read and copy the documents and/or reports incorporated herein by reference
at the Public Reference Room of the Securities and Exchange Commission at
450
Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549. Investors may obtain information
on
the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.
In addition, the SEC maintains a website containing reports, proxy and
information statements and other information regarding issuing entities,
including each trust fund, that file electronically with the SEC.
Ratings
It
is a
condition to the issuance of the securities of each series offered by this
prospectus and the accompanying prospectus supplement that they shall have
been
rated in one of the four highest rating categories by the nationally recognized
statistical rating agency or agencies specified in the prospectus
supplement.
Each
such
rating will be based on, among other things, the adequacy of the value of
the
trust fund assets and any credit enhancement with respect to the related
class
and will reflect the rating agency’s assessment solely of the likelihood that
the related holders will receive payments to which they are entitled. No
rating
will constitute an assessment of the likelihood that principal prepayments
on
the related loans will be made, the degree to which the rate of prepayments
might differ from that originally anticipated or the likelihood of early
optional termination of the securities. A rating should not be deemed a
recommendation to purchase, hold or sell securities, inasmuch as it does
not
address market price or suitability for a particular investor. A rating will
not
address the possibility that prepayment at higher or lower rates than
anticipated by an investor may cause such investor to experience a lower
than
anticipated yield or that an investor purchasing a security at a significant
premium might fail to recoup its initial investment under certain prepayment
scenarios.
There
is
also no assurance that any rating will remain in effect for any given period
of
time or that it may not be lowered or withdrawn entirely by the applicable
rating agency in the future if in its judgment circumstances so warrant.
In
addition to being lowered or withdrawn due to any erosion in the adequacy
of the
value of trust fund assets or any credit enhancement with respect to a series,
a
rating might also be lowered or withdrawn because of, among other reasons,
an
adverse change in the financial or other condition of a credit enhancement
provider or a change in the rating of the credit enhancement provider’s
long-term debt.
The
amount, type and nature of any credit enhancement established with respect
to a
series of securities will be determined on the basis of criteria established
by
each rating agency named in the related prospectus supplement. These criteria
are sometimes based upon an actuarial analysis of the behavior of mortgage
loans
in a larger group. Such analysis is often the basis upon which each rating
agency determines the amount of credit enhancement required with respect
to each
class of securities. There can be no assurance that the historical data
supporting any such actuarial analysis will accurately reflect future experience
nor any assurance that the data derived from a large pool of mortgage loans
will
accurately predict the delinquency, foreclosure or loss experience of any
particular pool of loans. No assurance can be given that values of any
properties have remained or will remain at their levels on the respective
dates
of origination of the related loans. If residential real estate markets should
experience an overall decline in property values such that the principal
balances of the loans in a particular trust fund and any secondary financing
on
the related properties become equal to or greater than the value of those
properties, the rates of delinquencies, foreclosures and losses could be
higher
than those now generally experienced in the mortgage lending industry. In
additional, adverse economic conditions (which may or may not affect real
property values) may affect the timely payment by borrowers of scheduled
payments of principal of and interest on the loans and, accordingly, the
rates
of
delinquencies, foreclosures and losses with respect to any trust fund. To
the
extent that losses are not covered by credit enhancement, losses will be
borne,
at least in part, by the holders of one or more classes of the securities
of the
related series.
Legal
Investment Considerations
Each
class of certificates offered by this prospectus and by the related prospectus
supplement will be rated at the date of issuance in one of the four highest
rating categories by at least one Rating Agency. If so specified in the related
prospectus supplement, each such class that is rated in one of the two highest
rating categories by at least one Rating Agency will constitute “mortgage
related securities” for purposes of SMMEA, and, as such, will be legal
investments for persons, trusts, corporations, partnerships, associations,
business trusts and business entities (including depository institutions,
life
insurance companies and pension funds) created pursuant to or existing under
the
laws of the United States or of any State whose authorized investments are
subject to state regulation to the same extent that, under applicable law,
obligations issued by or guaranteed as to principal and interest by the United
States or any agency or instrumentality thereof constitute legal investments
for
the entities. Under SMMEA, if a State enacted legislation on or prior to
October
3, 1991 specifically limiting the legal investment authority of any such
entities with respect to “mortgage related securities,” such securities will
constitute legal investments for entities subject to the legislation only
to the
extent provided therein. Some States have enacted legislation which overrides
the preemption provisions of SMMEA. SMMEA provides, however, that in no event
will the enactment of any such legislation affect the validity of any
contractual commitment to purchase, hold or invest in “mortgage related
securities,” or require the sale or other disposition of the securities, so long
as the contractual commitment was made or the securities acquired prior to
the
enactment of the legislation.
SMMEA
also amended the legal investment authority of federally-chartered depository
institutions as follows: federal savings and loan associations and federal
savings banks may invest in, sell or otherwise deal with “mortgage related
securities” without limitation as to the percentage of their assets represented
thereby, federal credit unions may invest in the securities, and national
banks
may purchase the securities for their own account without regard to the
limitations generally applicable to investment securities set forth in 12
U.S.C.
24 (Seventh), subject in each case to such regulations as the applicable
federal
regulatory authority may prescribe.
The
Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council has issued a supervisory
policy statement applicable to all depository institutions, setting forth
guidelines for and significant restrictions on investments in “high-risk
mortgage securities.” The policy statement has been adopted by the Federal
Reserve Board, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, the FDIC and
the
OTS with an effective date of February 10, 1992. The policy statement generally
indicates that a mortgage derivative product will be deemed to be high risk
if
it exhibits greater price volatility than a standard fixed rate thirty-year
mortgage security. According to the policy statement, prior to purchase,
a
depository institution will be required to determine whether a mortgage
derivative product that it is considering acquiring is high-risk, and if
so that
the proposed acquisition would reduce the institution’s overall interest rate
risk. Reliance on analysis and documentation obtained from a securities dealer
or other outside party without internal analysis by the institution would
be
unacceptable. There can be no assurance as to which classes of offered
securities will be treated as high-risk under the policy statement.
The
predecessor to the OTS issued a bulletin, entitled, “Mortgage Derivative
Products and Mortgage Swaps”, which is applicable to thrift institutions
regulated by the OTS. The bulletin established guidelines for the investment
by
savings institutions in certain “high-risk” mortgage derivative securities and
limitations on the use of the securities by insolvent, undercapitalized or
otherwise “troubled” institutions. According to the bulletin, such “high-risk”
mortgage derivative securities include securities having specified
characteristics, which may include some classes of offered securities. In
addition, the National Credit Union Administration has issued regulations
governing federal credit union investments which prohibit investment in
specified types of securities, which may include some classes of offered
securities. Similar policy statements have been issued by regulators having
jurisdiction over other types of depository institutions.
Any
class
of securities that is not rated in one of the two highest rating categories
by
at least one Rating Agency, and any other class of securities specified in
the
related prospectus supplement, will not constitute “mortgage related securities”
for purposes of SMMEA. Prospective investors in these classes of securities,
in
particular, should consider the matters discussed in the following
paragraph.
There
may
be other restrictions on the ability of investors either to purchase some
classes of offered securities or to purchase any class of offered securities
representing more than a specified percentage of the investors’ assets. The
depositor will make no representations as to the proper characterization
of any
class of offered securities for legal investment or other purposes, or as
to the
ability of particular investors to purchase any class of certificates under
applicable legal investment restrictions. These uncertainties may adversely
affect the liquidity of any class of certificates. Accordingly, all investors
whose investment activities are subject to legal investment laws and
regulations, regulatory capital requirements or review by regulatory authorities
should consult with their own legal advisors in determining whether and to
what
extent the offered securities of any class thereof constitute legal investments
or are subject to investment, capital or other restrictions, and, if applicable,
whether SMMEA has been overridden in any jurisdiction relevant to the
investor.
Plan
of Distribution
The
depositor may offer each series of securities through BS&Co. or one or more
other firms that may be designated at the time of the related offering. The
participation of BS&Co. in any offering will comply with Schedule E to the
By-Laws of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. The prospectus
supplement relating to each series of securities will set forth the specific
terms of the offering of the series and of each class within the series,
the
names of the underwriters, the purchase price of the securities, the proceeds
to
the depositor from the sale, any securities exchange on which the securities
may
be listed, and, if applicable, the initial public offering prices, the discounts
and commissions to the underwriters and any discounts and concessions allowed
or
reallowed to dealers. The place and time of delivery of each series of
securities will also be set forth in the related prospectus supplement.
BS&Co. is an affiliate of the depositor.
Glossary
of Terms
Agency
Securities.
Mortgage-backed securities issued or guaranteed by Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae
or
Freddie Mac.
Agreement.
An owner
trust agreement, servicing agreement or indenture.
Asset
Value.
With
respect to the primary assets in the trust fund, the product
of the
Asset Value percentage set forth in the related indenture multiplied
by the
lesser
of
· |
the
stream of remaining regularly scheduled payments in the primary
assets net
of certain amounts payable as expenses, together with income earned
on
each regularly scheduled payment received through the day preceding
the
next distribution date at the Assumed Reinvestment Rate, if any,
discounted to present value at the highest interest rate on the
notes of
the series over periods equal to the interval between payments
on the
notes and
|
· |
the
then outstanding principal balance of the primary
assets.
|
Assumed
Reinvestment Rate.
With
respect to a series of securities, the highest rate permitted by the rating
agencies named in the related prospectus supplement or a rate insured by
means
of a surety bond, guaranteed investment contract, reinvestment agreement
or
other arrangement satisfactory to the rating agencies.
Assumption
Fee.
The fee
paid to the mortgagee upon the assumption of the primary liability for payment
of the mortgage.
Closing
Date.
With
respect to any series of bonds, the date on which the bonds are
issued.
Code.
The
Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
DOL.
The U.S.
Department of Labor.
DOL
Regulations.
Regulations by the DOL promulgated at 29 C.F.R. '2510.3-101.
DTC
Registered Bond.
Any
bond initially issued through the book-entry facilities of the DTC.
Exemption.
An
individual prohibited transactions exemption issued by the DOL to an
underwriter, as amended by Prohibited Transaction Exemption (“PTE”) 97-34, 62
Fed. Reg. 39021 (July 21, 1997), PTE 2000-58, 65 Fed. Reg. 67765 (November
13,
2000) and PTE 2002-41, 67 Fed. Reg. 54487 (August 22, 2002).
Exemption
Rating Agency.
Standard & Poor=s,
a
division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., Moody=s
Investors Service, Inc., or Fitch, Inc.
Home
Equity Loans.
Closed-end loans and/or revolving credit line loans secured by mortgages,
deeds
of trust or other similar security instruments creating senior or junior
liens
on one- to four-family residential properties or mixed-use
properties.
Home
Improvement Contracts.
Home
Improvement installment sales contracts and installment loan agreements which
are either unsecured or secured by mortgages, deeds of trust or similar security
instruments creating generally junior liens on one- to four-family residential
properties or mixed-use properties or secured by purchase money security
interests in the related home improvements.
Insurance
Proceeds.
Amounts
received by the related servicer under any title insurance policy, hazard
insurance policy or other insurance policy covering any primary asset in
a trust
fund, other than amounts to be applied to the restoration or repair of the
related property or released to the borrower under the related
agreement.
Issuing
Entity.
The
Delaware statutory trust or other trust, created pursuant to the owner trust
agreement, that issues the bonds.
Liquidation
Proceeds.
Amounts
received by the related servicer in connection with the liquidation of the
primary assets or related real property in a trust fund, whether through
foreclosure sale, repossession or otherwise, including payments in connection
with the primary assets received from the borrower, other than amounts required
to be paid or refunded to the borrower under the applicable loan documents
or
pursuant to law, net of the related liquidation expenses.
Manufactured
Housing Contracts.
Manufactured housing installment sales contracts and installment loan agreements
secured by senior or junior liens on the related manufactured homes or secured
by mortgages, deeds of trust or other similar security instruments creating
senior or junior liens on the real estate on which the related manufactured
homes are located.
OID
Regulations.
Sections 1271 through 1275 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended,
and
the Treasury regulations issued thereunder on February 2, 1994 and amended
on
June 11, 1996.
Parity
Act.
The
Alternative Mortgage Transaction Parity Act of 1982.
Parties
in Interest.
With
respect to a Plan, persons who have specified relationships to the Plans,
either
“Parties in Interest” within the meaning of ERISA or “Disqualified Persons”
within the meaning of Section 4975 of the Code.
Plan
Assets.
“Plan
assets” of a Plan within the meaning of the DOL Regulations.
Plans.
ERISA
Plans and Tax Favored Plans.
Private
Label Securities.
Private
mortgage-backed securities, other than Agency Securities, backed or secured
by
underlying loans that may be Residential Loans, Home Equity Loans, Home
Improvement Contracts and/or Manufactured Housing Contracts.
Residential
Loans.
Loans
secured by mortgages, deeds of trust or other similar security instruments
creating senior or junior liens on one- to four-family residential
properties.
Tax
Favored Plans.
Plans
that meet the definition of “plan” in Section 4975(e)(1) of the Code, including
tax-qualified retirement plans described in Section 401(a) of the Code and
individual retirement accounts and annuities described in Section 408 of
the
Code.
U.S.
Person:
Any of
the following:
· |
a
citizen or resident of the United
States;
|
· |
a
corporation or a partnership (including an entity treated as a
corporation
or partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) organized
in or under
the laws of the United States, or any State thereof or the District
of
Columbia (unless in the case of a partnership Treasury regulations
are
adopted that provide otherwise);
|
· |
an
estate whose income from sources outside the United States is includible
in gross income for federal income tax purposes regardless of its
connection with the conduct of a trade or business within the United
States; or
|
· |
a
trust if a court within the United States is able to exercise primary
supervision of the administration of the trust and one or more
U.S.
Persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions
of the
trust.
|
In
addition, certain trusts which would not qualify as U.S. Persons under the
above
definition but which are eligible to and make an election to be treated as
U.S.
Persons will also be treated as U.S. Persons.
$355,963,000
(Approximate)
SACO
I Trust 2006-8
Issuer
Mortgage-Backed
Notes, Series 2006-8
EMC
Mortgage Corporation
Sponsor
LaSalle
Bank National Association
Master
Servicer
Bear
Stearns Asset Backed Securities I LLC
Depositor
Bear,
Stearns & Co. Inc.
You
should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference
in
this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. We have not
authorized anyone to provide you with different information.
We
are
not offering the Series 2006-8 Mortgage-Backed Notes in any state where the
offer is not permitted.
Until
90
days after the date of this prospectus supplement, all dealers effecting
transactions in the certificates offered by this prospectus supplement, whether
or not participating in this distribution, may be required to deliver this
prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. This is in addition
to
the obligation of dealers to deliver this prospectus supplement and the
accompanying prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their
unsold allotments or subscriptions.
September
14, 2006