20-F 1 a09-17078_120f.htm 20-F

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 20-F

 

(Mark One)

 

o

REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

 

OR

 

 

x

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008

 

 

OR

 

 

o

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

 

OR

 

 

o

SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

Date of event requiring this shell company report: N/A

 

For the transition period from                       to                        

 

Commission file number:  1-32229

 

Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Homex Development Corp.

(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)

 

United Mexican States

(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

 

Boulevard Alfonso Zaragoza M. 2204 Norte

80020 Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico

Telephone: (52667) 758-5800

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class

 

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Shares, without par value

 

New York Stock Exchange

 

 

 

American Depositary Shares, each representing six common
shares, without par value *

 

New York Stock Exchange

 

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

 



 

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:

 

7.50% Senior Guaranteed Exchange Notes due September 28, 2015

(Title of Class)

 

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report:

 

334,870,350 common shares, without par value

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known, seasoned issuer as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act:

x Yes   o No

 

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:

o Yes   x No

 

Note — Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 from their obligations under those Sections.

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days:

x Yes   o No

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer” and “large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer x

 

Accelerated filer o

 

Non-accelerated filer o

 

Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

 

U.S. GAAP o

 

IFRS o

 

Other x

 

If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow:

o Item 17   x Item 18

 

If this is an annual report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act):

o Yes   x No

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Sections 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court.

 

o Yes   o No

 


*              Not for trading but only in connection with the registration of American Depositary Shares, pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 



 

PART I

 

 

ITEM 1.

IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISORS

5

ITEM 2.

OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

5

ITEM 3.

KEY INFORMATION

5

ITEM 4.

INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

17

ITEM 4A.

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

35

ITEM 5.

OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

35

ITEM 6.

DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

55

ITEM 7.

MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

61

ITEM 8.

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

63

ITEM 9.

THE OFFER AND LISTING

64

ITEM 10.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

68

ITEM 11.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

82

ITEM 12.

DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

83

 

 

 

PART II

 

 

ITEM 13.

DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES

83

ITEM 14.

MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS

83

ITEM 15.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

83

ITEM 16.

(RESERVED)

85

ITEM 16A.

FINANCIAL EXPERT

85

ITEM 16B.

CODE OF ETHICS

85

ITEM 16C.

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

85

ITEM 16D.

EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES

86

ITEM 16E.

PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS

86

ITEM 16F.

CHANGE OF CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT

86

ITEM 16G.

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

86

 

 

 

PART III

 

 

ITEM 17.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

87

ITEM 18.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

87

ITEM 19.

EXHIBITS

88

 



 

PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Throughout this annual report, unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “the Company” and “Homex” refer to Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V. and its subsidiaries.

 

Financial Information

 

This annual report includes our audited consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2007 and 2008 and for each of the three years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008. Our consolidated financial statements and other financial information included in this annual report, unless otherwise specified, are stated in Mexican pesos.

 

We prepare our financial statements in pesos and in accordance with Mexican Financial Reporting Standards, referred to as MFRS, which differ in certain significant respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, referred to as US GAAP. See Notes 28 and 29 to our audited consolidated financial statements for information relating to the nature and effect of such differences and for a quantitative reconciliation of our majority net income and majority stockholders’ equity according to MFRS to consolidated net income, and consolidated stockholders’ equity according to US GAAP.

 

Effective January 1, 2008 the Company adopted MFRS B-10, Effects of Inflation. Based on this Standard, the Company did not recognize the effects of inflation in its financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2008. However, financial statements for prior periods are expressed in pesos of constant purchasing power as of December 31, 2007. The effects of transactions that occurred after that date are expressed in nominal pesos.

 

According to the provisions of MFRS B-10, an inflationary environment is present when cumulative inflation for the three preceding years is 26% or more, in which case, the effects of inflation must be recognized in the financial statements. Based on this standard, the economic environment in Mexico in 2008 is considered non-inflationary because inflation over 2006, 2007 and 2008 was less than 26%. Accordingly, the Company’s financial information for 2008 was prepared without recognizing the effects of inflation. Interpretation 9 of MFRS B-10 requires that financial statements presented for comparative purposes for periods prior to 2008 be expressed in Mexican pesos of constant purchasing power as of December 31, 2007. Accordingly, the financial statements as of December 31, 2008 have been presented based on nominal pesos without including the effects of inflation, while financial statements from December 31, 2006 and 2007, as presented for comparative purposes, are expressed in pesos of constant purchasing power as of December 31, 2007. The factor used to restate the prior year balances was 1.037590, which is based on the National Consumer Price Index or NCPI.

 

Pursuant to MFRS, we recognize revenues from the sale of homes based on the percentage-of-completion method of accounting, which requires us to recognize revenues as we incur the cost of construction. In this annual report, we use “sell” and refer to homes “sold” in connection with homes where:

 

·      the homebuyer has submitted all required documents in order to obtain financing from the mortgage lender;

 

·      the Company has established that the homebuyer will obtain the required financing from the mortgage lender;

 

·      the homebuyer has signed a purchase application for the processing and granting of a loan to buy a property to be used as housing; and

 

·      the homebuyer has made a down payment, where down payments are required.

 

3



 

We use “deliver” and refer to homes “delivered” in connection with homes for which title has passed to the homebuyer and for which we have received the sale proceeds.

 

Currency Information

 

Unless otherwise specified, references to “US$,” “U.S. dollars” and “dollars” are to the lawful currency of the United States. References to “Ps.” and “pesos” are to the lawful currency of Mexico. References to “UDI” and “UDIs” are to Unidades de Inversión, units of account whose value in pesos is indexed to inflation on a daily basis by Banco de México (Mexico’s central bank) and published periodically.

 

This annual report contains translations of various peso amounts into U.S. dollars at specified rates solely for the convenience of the reader. You should not understand these translations as representations that the peso amounts actually represent these U.S. dollar amounts or could be converted into U.S. dollars at the rate indicated. Unless otherwise indicated, we have translated U.S. dollar amounts in this annual report at the exchange rate of Ps.13.7738 to US$1.00, which was the buying rate published by Banco de México, expressed in pesos per U.S. dollar, on December 31, 2008. On June 26, 2009, such noon buying rate was Ps. 13.3380 to US$1.00.

 

Unless otherwise indicated, references to UDIs are to UDIs at Banco de México’s UDI conversion rate of Ps. 4.184316 per UDI on December 31, 2008. On June 26, 2009, the UDI conversion rate was Ps. 4.248334 per UDI.

 

Industry and Market Data

 

Market data and other statistical information used throughout this annual report are based on independent industry publications, government publications, reports by market research firms or other published independent sources. Some data are also based on our estimates, which are derived from our review of internal surveys, as well as independent sources. Although we believe these sources are reliable, we have not independently verified the information and cannot guarantee its accuracy or completeness.

 

MARKET SHARE AND OTHER INFORMATION

 

Other Information Presented

 

The standard measure of area in the real estate market in Mexico is the square meter (m(2)). Unless otherwise specified, all units of area shown in this annual report are expressed in terms of m(2), acres or hectares. One square meter is equal to approximately 10.764 square feet. Approximately 4,047 m(2) (or 43,562 square feet) are equal to one acre and one hectare is equal to 10,000 m(2) (or approximately 2.5 acres).

 

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This annual report and the documents incorporated by reference into this annual report contain forward-looking statements. We may from time to time make forward-looking statements in our periodic reports to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, on Form 6-K, in our annual report to shareholders, in prospectuses, press releases and other written materials and in oral statements made by our officers, directors or employees to analysts, institutional investors, representatives of the media and others. Words such as “believe,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “expect,” “intend,” “target,” “estimate,” “project,” “predict,” “forecast,” “guideline,” “should” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, but are not the exclusive means of identifying these statements. Examples of these forward-looking statements include:

 

·      projections of revenues, net income (loss), earnings per share, capital expenditures, dividends, capital structure or other financial items or ratios;

 

·      statements of our plans, objectives or goals, including those relating to anticipated, competition, regulation, government housing policy and rates;

 

·      statements about our future economic performance or that of Mexico; and

 

·      statements of assumptions underlying these statements.

 

4



 

You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which are based on current expectations. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of performance. They involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our future results may differ materially from those expressed in forward-looking statements. Many of the factors that will determine these results and values are beyond our ability to control or predict. All forward-looking statements and risk factors included in this annual report are made as of the date on the front cover of this annual report, based on information available to us as of such date, and we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statement or risk factor.

 

PART I

 

ITEM 1.       Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisors.

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 2.       Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable.

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 3.       Key Information.

 

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

 

The following tables present our selected consolidated financial information as of and for the periods indicated. Certain information presented in these tables does not include our Beta subsidiary which we acquired on July 1, 2005. Information as of December 31, 2007 and 2008 and for each of the three years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008 is derived from and should be read together with our audited consolidated financial statements provided in this annual report beginning on page F-1. Our consolidated financial statements and other financial information included in this annual report, unless otherwise specified, are stated in pesos.

 

The information in the following tables should also be read together with “Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects.”

 

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with MFRS, which differ in certain significant respects from US GAAP. Notes 28 and 29 to our audited consolidated financial statements provide information relating to the nature and effect of such differences as they relate to us, and provide a reconciliation to US GAAP of consolidated net income and consolidated stockholders’ equity.

 

Pursuant to MFRS, we use the percentage-of-completion method of accounting for revenues and costs, which differs in certain significant respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, referred to as US GAAP. Under MFRS, applying the percentage-of-completion method, we measure the progress towards completion in terms of actual costs incurred versus estimated expenditures for each stage of a development.  Also, under the percentage-of-completion method of accounting, revenues for work completed are recognized prior to receipt of actual cash proceeds.  We receive consideration from the sale of a home at closing when title to the home is transferred to the homebuyer.  We include revenues in excess of billings as accounts receivable on our balance sheet, and any cash proceeds we receive as advance payments prior to completion of the actual work related to the payments, including customer down payments, are included in current liabilities as advances from customers.  See Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements.

 

We apply the percentage-of-completion method to recognize revenues from our housing developments subject to the following conditions:

 

·      the homebuyer has submitted all required documents in order to obtain financing from the mortgage lender;

 

·      the Company has established that the homebuyer will obtain the required financing from the mortgage lender;

 

·      the homebuyer has signed a purchase application for the processing and granting of a loan to buy a property to be used as housing; and

 

5



 

·      the homebuyer has made a down payment, where down payments are required.

 

The variations in the Company’s gross profit, gross profit margin and ultimately operating profits arise due to the stated differences related to cost and revenue recognition between MFRS and US GAAP. In 2008, revenues under MFRS were Ps.18,850 million while revenues under US GAAP were Ps.14,885 million. In 2007, revenues under MFRS were Ps.16,222 million while revenues under US GAAP were Ps.13,850 million. Revenues under US GAAP are recognized when all the following events occur: a) a sale is consummated; b) a significant initial down payment is received (when applicable); and c) the earnings process is complete and the collection of any remaining receivables is reasonably assured. However, under MFRS, the Company uses the percentage-of-completion method of accounting to account for housing project revenues and costs related to housing construction. Under MFRS, progress towards completion is measured by comparing the actual costs incurred to the estimated total cost of a project. For a further discussion of revenue recognition policies under US GAAP, refer to Note 28 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

Total units closed and recognized as US GAAP revenue in 2008 were 41,679 units (39,557 in 2007) compared to 57,498 units sold under MFRS in 2008 (51,672 in 2007). The lower volume in units closed in 2008 compared to units sold is primarily attributable to both our continued growth and therefore higher proportion of constructions-in-process, and our increased participation during 2008 in the construction of nearly-completed vertical building projects which take longer to build, sell and collect.  In addition, the volume of total units closed was also impacted by the continued delay in the disbursement of Federal Government subsidies in certain cities, which in turn impacts the timing by which INFONAVIT and other lenders will commit to close a transaction. Further, a lower volume of units closed and recognized as US GAAP revenue compared to units sold under MFRS is also related to a slowdown in the collection process through FOVISSSTE, who employs sofoles to make payments which result in delays in the payment process.  Total units closed of 41,679 in 2008 represents a 5% increase compared to total units closed in 2007 of 39,557. The increase is attributable to the continued growth in the Company’s business. In 2007, units closed increased by 32% over 2006. The proportion of units sold and units closed are generally consistent when evaluated by operating segment during both 2008 and 2007. As of December 31, 2008, approximately 15,819 units remain at various stages of completion under MFRS, and thus have yet to be recognized into revenue under US GAAP.

 

Except for ratios, percentages, and per share, per ADS, and operating data, all amounts are presented in thousands of pesos.

 

For additional information regarding financial information presented in this annual report, see “Presentation of Financial and Other Information.”

 

Homex Selected Consolidated Financial Information

 

 

 

Years Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2008 (5)

 

2007

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

(In thousands of Mexican Ps., except as otherwise specified)

 

Statement of Operations Data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mexican Financial Reporting Standards:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues (1), (11)

 

18,850,496

 

16,222,524

 

13,439,519

 

9,216,043

 

5,928,658

 

Cost of sales

 

13,473,257

 

11,041,456

 

9,191,005

 

6,418,567

 

4,128,107

 

Gross profit

 

5,377,239

 

5,181,068

 

4,248,514

 

2,797,476

 

1,800,551

 

Selling and administrative expenses

 

2,377,646

 

1,798,429

 

1,359,147

 

913,165

 

483,574

 

Income from operations

 

2,999,593

 

3,382,639

 

2,889,367

 

1,884,311

 

1,316,977

 

Other (expenses) income, net (4)

 

(109,926

)

209,223

 

11,004

 

14,956

 

38,509

 

Net comprehensive financing cost (2)

 

558,485

 

278,904

 

790,969

 

494,005

 

178,086

 

Income before income taxes

 

2,331,182

 

3,312,958

 

2,109,402

 

1,405,262

 

1,177,400

 

Income tax expense

 

712,175

 

951,280

 

669,843

 

458,902

 

378,897

 

Consolidated net income

 

1,619,007

 

2,361,678

 

1,439,559

 

946,360

 

798,503

 

Net income of majority stockholders

 

1,580,876

 

2,233,066

 

1,391,281

 

953,611

 

788,389

 

Net income (loss) of minority stockholders

 

38,131

 

128,612

 

48,278

 

(7,251

)

10,114

 

Weighted average shares outstanding (in thousands)

 

334,870

 

335,688

 

335,869

 

324,953

 

281,997

 

Basic and diluted earnings per share (in pesos)

 

4.72

 

6.65

 

4.14

 

2.93

 

2.80

 

Basic and diluted earnings per ADS (3) (in pesos)

 

28.32

 

39.91

 

24.85

 

17.60

 

16.78

 

US GAAP:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues (1)

 

14,884,701

 

13,849,728

 

13,224,145

 

8,212,918

 

4,402,410

 

Cost of sales

 

10,398,464

 

9,814,725

 

9,311,415

 

6,150,813

 

3,318,605

 

Gross profit

 

4,486,237

 

4,035,003

 

3,912,730

 

2,062,105

 

1,083,805

 

Operating income (4)

 

2,108,793

 

2,116,650

 

2,519,346

 

1,142,318

 

582,616

 

Net income

 

567,782

 

1,667,234

 

1,632,577

 

841,792

 

471,062

 

Weighted average shares outstanding (in thousands)

 

334,870

 

335,688

 

335,869

 

324,953

 

281,997

 

Basic and diluted earnings per share (in pesos)

 

1.70

 

4.96

 

4.86

 

2.59

 

1.67

 

Basic and diluted earnings per ADS (3) (in pesos)

 

10.20

 

29.76

 

29.16

 

15.54

 

10.02

 

 

6



 

 

 

As of and for the Years Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

(In thousands of Mexican Ps., except as otherwise specified)

 

Balance Sheet Data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mexican Financial Reporting Standards:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

1,140,140

 

2,206,834

 

2,381,689

 

1,423,813

 

570,294

 

Restricted cash

 

128,045

 

156,090

 

37,597

 

336

 

22,848

 

Trade accounts receivable

 

11,845,530

 

7,549,258

 

5,541,086

 

5,999,812

 

3,537,424

 

Total current assets

 

18,647,785

 

14,794,575

 

12,572,239

 

11,578,697

 

6,573,449

 

Land held for future development

 

9,254,469

 

7,091,074

 

5,180,583

 

1,927,217

 

562,338

 

Property and equipment

 

1,402,928

 

1,155,729

 

669,095

 

497,535

 

280,533

 

Total assets

 

30,505,412

 

24,189,256

 

19,620,062

 

15,398,691

 

7,558,654

 

Current debt and current portion of long-term debt

 

1,417,404

 

260,758

 

91,392

 

92,235

 

443,070

 

Current portion of leases

 

89,255

 

68,187

 

8,704

 

7,588

 

 

Total current liabilities

 

8,761,917

 

6,967,592

 

6,268,537

 

4,075,951

 

2,437,305

 

Long-term debt and swap payable

 

5,990,119

 

3,177,884

 

3,605,029

 

3,601,864

 

201,066

 

Long-term leases

 

314,639

 

288,857

 

 

 

 

Land suppliers — long-term

 

405,426

 

992,801

 

 

 

22,415

 

Total long-term liabilities

 

10,226,238

 

7,380,534

 

5,759,021

 

5,179,421

 

907,607

 

Total liabilities

 

18,988,155

 

14,348,126

 

12,027,558

 

9,255,372

 

3,344,912

 

Common stock

 

528,011

 

528,011

 

528,011

 

528,011

 

242,249

 

Total stockholders’ equity

 

11,517,257

 

9,841,130

 

7,592,504

 

6,143,319

 

4,213,742

 

 

 

30,505,412

 

24,189,256

 

19,620,062

 

15,398,691

 

7,558,654

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US GAAP:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

1,140,140

 

2,206,834

 

2,381,689

 

1,423,813

 

570,294

 

Restricted cash

 

128,045

 

156,090

 

37,597

 

336

 

22,848

 

Accounts receivable

 

1,016,172

 

600,655

 

985,043

 

1,229,953

 

802,489

 

Total current assets

 

18,052,424

 

14,488,606

 

12,467,252

 

10,751,884

 

6,188,381

 

Land held for future development

 

9,254,469

 

7,091,074

 

5,180,580

 

1,927,217

 

562,338

 

Property and equipment

 

1,402,928

 

1,155,729

 

669,095

 

497,535

 

280,533

 

Total assets

 

30,774,279

 

24,579,367

 

20,079,591

 

14,795,096

 

7,173,586

 

Total current liabilities

 

14,274,161

 

11,054,629

 

9,147,783

 

5,589,043

 

3,300,268

 

Total majority stockholders’ equity

 

9,247,218

 

8,627,504

 

7,082,989

 

5,509,272

 

3,604,828

 

Other Financial Data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mexican Financial Reporting Standards:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation

 

323,727

 

196,307

 

130,829

 

66,626

 

27,050

 

Gross margin (6)

 

28.5

%

31.9

%

31.6

%

30.4

%

30.4

%

Operating margin (7)

 

15.9

%

20.8

%

21.5

%

20.4

%

22.2

%

Net margin (8)

 

8.6

%

14.5

%

10.7

%

10.3

%

13.5

%

Other Financial Data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA (9)

 

4,351,923

 

4,031,097

 

3,173,119

 

2,151,208

 

1,392,043

 

Net debt (10)

 

6,596,753

 

1,513,305

 

1,245,825

 

2,196,822

 

73,842

 

Ratio of total debt to total stockholders’ equity

 

67.2

%

37.8

%

47.7

%

58.9

%

15.3

%

Ratio of total debt to total assets

 

25.4

%

15.4

%

18.5

%

23.5

%

8.5

%

US GAAP:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross margin (6)

 

30.1

%

29.1

%

29.6

%

25.1

%

24.6

%

Operating margin (7)

 

14.1

%

15.2

%

19.1

%

13.9

%

13.2

%

Net margin (8)

 

3.8

%

12.0

%

12.3

%

10.2

%

10.7

%

Other Financial Data:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adjusted EBITDA (9)

 

1,357,188

 

2,855,834

 

2,715,514

 

1,701,859

 

736,830

 

 

7



 


(1)     For US GAAP purposes, sales are recognized when title passes to the homebuyer and the homebuyer has the legal right to occupy the home, as opposed to the percentage-of-completion method of accounting used for MFRS purposes, under which we recognize income from homes we sell as we incur the cost of their construction. See (11) below for a discussion of certain accounting pronouncements not yet adopted.

 

(2)     Represents interest income, interest expense, monetary position gains and losses (for 2007, 2006, 2005 and 2004), valuation effects of derivative instruments and foreign exchange gains and losses.

 

(3)     Assumes all common shares are represented by ADSs. Each ADS represents six common shares. Any discrepancies between per share and per ADS amounts in the tables are due to rounding.

 

(4)     Employee statutory profit-sharing expense is classified as an operating expense under US GAAP, and as other (expenses) income, net under MFRS.

 

(5)     Interest capitalized as part of the cost of inventories is included in cost of sales under US GAAP and MFRS. Due to the application of MFRS D-6 during 2008 and 2007, the net comprehensive financing cost capitalized related to qualified assets for the same periods was Ps.1,250,080 and Ps.179,304, of which Ps.976,707 and Ps.119,286 related to inventories sold and subsequently were applied to cost of sales of the same periods, respectively. The average period for the amortization of the capitalized comprehensive financing cost is 6 months. The annual capitalization rates are 24.3% and 7.6%, respectively.

 

(6)     Represents gross profit divided by total revenues.

 

(7)     Represents operating income divided by total revenues.

 

(8)     Represents net income divided by total revenues.

 

(9)     Adjusted EBITDA is not a financial measure computed under Mexican or US GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA derived from our MFRS financial information means MFRS net income excluding (i) depreciation and amortization; (ii) net comprehensive financing costs (“CFC”) (which are composed of net interest expense (income), foreign exchange gain or loss, valuation effects of derivative instruments and monetary position gain or loss) including CFC capitalized to land balances that is subsequently charged to cost of sales; and (iii) income tax expense and employee statutory profit-sharing expense.

 

Adjusted EBITDA derived from our U.S. GAAP financial information means US GAAP net income excluding (i) depreciation and amortization; (ii) interest expense and monetary position gain or loss; and (iii) income tax expense. Adjusted EBITDA does not exclude interest income (Ps.63,141 in 2008, Ps.100,874 in 2007, Ps. 61,407 in 2006, Ps. 25,799 in 2005 and Ps. 19,085 in 2004).

 

Adjusted EBITDA under MFRS excludes the effect of CFC capitalized to land balances that is subsequently charged to cost of

 

8



 

sales.  The Company’s computation of Adjusted EBITDA under US GAAP includes such expense in the computation of Adjusted EBITDA for all periods. Accordingly, the two computations are not comparable.

 

We believe that Adjusted EBITDA can be useful to facilitate comparisons of operating performance between periods and with other companies in our industry because it excludes the effect of (i) depreciation and amortization, which represent a non-cash charge to earnings; (ii) certain financing costs, which are significantly affected by external factors, including interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, and inflation rates, which have little or no bearing on our operating performance; and (iii) income tax expense and, for Adjusted EBITDA derived from our MFRS financial information, employee statutory profit-sharing expense.

 

Adjusted EBITDA is also a useful basis for comparing our results with those of other companies because it presents operating results on a basis unaffected by capital structure. You should review Adjusted EBITDA, along with net income and cash flow from operating activities, investing activities and financing activities, when trying to understand our operating performance. While Adjusted EBITDA may provide a useful basis for comparison, our computation of Adjusted EBITDA is not necessarily comparable to Adjusted EBITDA as reported by other companies, as each is calculated in its own way and must be read in conjunction with the explanations that accompany it. While Adjusted EBITDA is a relevant and widely used measure of operating performance, it does not represent cash generated from operating activities in accordance with MFRS or US GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income, determined in accordance with MFRS or US GAAP, as an indication of our financial performance, or to cash flow from operating activities, determined in accordance with MFRS or US GAAP, as a measure of our liquidity, nor is it indicative of funds available to fund our cash needs.

 

Adjusted EBITDA has certain material limitations: (i) it does not include interest expense, which, because we have borrowed money to finance some of our operations, is a necessary and ongoing part of our costs and assisted us in generating revenue; (ii) it does not include taxes, which are a necessary and ongoing part of our operations; and (iii) it does not include depreciation, which, because we must utilize property and equipment in order to generate revenues in our operations, is a necessary and ongoing part of our costs. Therefore, any measure that excludes any or all of interest expense, taxes and depreciation and amortization has material limitations.

 

Reconciliation of Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA Computed from Our MFRS Financial Information

 

 

 

Years Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

(In thousands of Mexican Ps., except as otherwise specified)

 

Net income

 

1,619,007

 

2,361,678

 

1,439,559

 

946,360

 

798,503

 

Depreciation

 

323,727

 

196,307

 

130,829

 

66,626

 

27,050

 

Net comprehensive financing cost

 

558,485

 

278,904

 

790,969

 

494,005

 

178,086

 

Amortization of backlog (intangible)

 

 

 

10,714

 

125,808

 

 

Amortization of Beta trademark

 

91,054

 

92,958

 

94,477

 

49,153

 

 

Employee statutory profit-sharing

 

70,768

 

30,684

 

36,728

 

10,354

 

9,507

 

Comprehensive financing cost capitalized and subsequently charged cost of sales

 

976,707

 

119,286

 

 

 

 

Income tax expense

 

712,175

 

951,280

 

669,843

 

458,902

 

378,897

 

Adjusted EBITDA

 

4,351,923

 

4,031,097

 

3,173,119

 

2,151,208

 

1,392,043

 

 

Reconciliation of Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA Computed from Our US GAAP Financial Information

 

 

 

Years Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

(In thousands of Mexican Ps., except as otherwise specified)

 

Net income

 

567,782

 

1,667,234

 

1,632,577

 

841,792

 

471,062

 

Depreciation

 

323,727

 

196,307

 

130,829

 

66,626

 

27,050

 

Interest expense and inflation effect

 

85,926

 

173,719

 

47,631

 

49,653

 

9,503

 

Amortization of backlog (intangible)

 

 

16,747

 

58,397

 

296,445

 

 

Amortization of Beta trademark

 

91,054

 

92,958

 

94,477

 

49,153

 

 

Income tax expense

 

288,699

 

708,869

 

751,603

 

398,190

 

229,215

 

Adjusted EBITDA

 

1,357,188

 

2,855,834

 

2,715,514

 

1,701,859

 

736,830

 

 

9



 

(10)   Net debt is not a financial measure computed under MFRS. We compute net debt as the sum of all debt less cash and cash equivalents, each of which is computed in accordance with MFRS. Management uses net debt as a measure of our total amount of leverage, as it gives effect to cash accumulated on our balance sheets. Management believes net debt provides useful information to investors because it reflects our actual debt as well as our available cash and cash equivalents that could be used to reduce this debt. Net debt has certain material limitations in that it assumes the use of our cash and cash equivalents to repay debt that is actually still outstanding and not to fund operating activities or for investment.

 

Reconciliation of Total Debt to Net Debt Derived from Our MFRS Financial Information

 

 

 

As of December 31,

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

2005

 

2004

 

 

 

(In thousands of Mexican Ps., except as otherwise specified)

 

Current portion of long-term debt

 

1,342,880

 

185,211

 

13,781

 

11,183

 

443,070

 

Current portion of leases

 

89,255

 

68,187

 

8,704

 

7,588

 

 

Long-term debt

 

6,304,758

 

3,466,741

 

3,605,029

 

3,601,864

 

201,066

 

Total debt

 

7,736,893

 

3,720,139

 

3,627,514

 

3,620,635

 

644,136

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

1,140,140

 

2,206,834

 

2,381,689

 

1,423,813

 

570,294

 

Net debt

 

6,596,753

 

1,513,305

 

1,245,825

 

2,196,822

 

73,842

 

 

(11)  In December 2008, IMFRS 14 was issued by the CINIF to complement Bulletin D-7’s regulation, Construction Agreements and Manufacturing of Certain Capital Assets. This Interpretation is applicable to the recognition of revenues, costs and expenses for all entities that undertake the construction of capital assets directly or through sub contractors. This Interpretation will be adopted as of January 1, 2010, with retrospective application to prior accounting periods presented with its 2010 consolidated financial statements. Management is evaluating what effect this new accounting pronouncement will have on the Company’s results of operations and financial position. While differences in revenue recognition might still exist between MFRS and US GAAP upon the adoption of INIF 14, it is anticipated that the Company’s MFRS revenue recognition will more closely approximate its US GAAP revenue recognition at that time. The Company’s US GAAP revenue recognition is disclosed further in Note 28.

 

DIVIDENDS

 

A vote by the majority of our shareholders present at a shareholders’ meeting determines the declaration, amount, and payment of dividends. Under Mexican law, dividends may only be paid from retained earnings and if losses for prior fiscal years have been recovered.

 

We have not paid dividends since we were formed in 1989 and we do not currently expect to pay dividends. We intend to devote a substantial portion of our future cash flow to funding working capital requirements and purchasing land following a conservative replacement strategy for land bank acquisitions. We may consider adopting a dividend policy in the future based on a number of factors, including our results of operations, financial condition, cash requirements, tax consideration, future prospects, and other factors that our board of directors and our shareholders may deem relevant, including the terms and conditions of future debt instruments that may limit our ability to pay dividends. On April 29, 2009 the Company held its ordinary annual shareholders’ meeting, where shareholders renewed a share repurchase program for up to US$250 through market transactions.

 

EXCHANGE RATE INFORMATION

 

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the period-end, average, high and low exchange rate between the peso and U.S. dollar. The average annual rates presented in the following table were calculated by using the average of the exchange rates on the last day of each month during the relevant period. The data provided in this table is based on buying rates published by Bank of New York. All amounts are stated in pesos, and we have not restated the rates in constant currency units. We make no representation that the Mexican peso amounts referred to in this annual report could have been or could be converted into U.S. dollars at any particular rate or at all.

 

10



 

 

 

Noon Buying Rate (Ps. Per US$)

 

Years Ended December 31,

 

Low (1)

 

High (1)

 

Average
(2)

 

Period-
End

 

2004

 

10.79

 

11.66

 

11.29

 

11.15

 

2005

 

10.43

 

11.37

 

10.89

 

10.64

 

2006

 

10.43

 

11.49

 

10.90

 

10.84

 

2007

 

10.66

 

11.27

 

10.97

 

10.88

 

2008

 

9.92

 

13.94

 

11.14

 

13.77

 

 

Month Ended

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2008

 

13.09

 

13.83

 

13.42

 

13.77

 

January 31, 2009

 

13.33

 

14.33

 

13.88

 

14.33

 

February 29, 2009

 

14.13

 

15.09

 

14.61

 

15.09

 

March 31, 2009

 

14.02

 

15.41

 

14.65

 

14.21

 

April 30, 2009

 

13.05

 

13.89

 

13.40

 

13.80

 

May 31, 2009

 

12.88

 

13.82

 

13.19

 

13.18

 

June 26, 2009

 

13.16

 

13.64

 

13.38

 

13.34

 

 


(1)                 Rates shown are the actual low and high, on a day-by-day basis for each period.

 

(2)                 Average of daily rates.

 

On June 26, 2009, Banco de México’s UDI conversion rate was Ps. 4.248334 per UDI.

 

Industry and Market Data

 

Except during a liquidity crisis lasting from September through December 1982, Banco de México has consistently made foreign currency available to Mexican private segment entities (such as us) to meet their foreign currency obligations. Nevertheless, in the event of renewed shortages of foreign currency, it is possible that foreign currency will not continue to be available to private segment companies or that foreign currency that we may need to service foreign currency obligations or to import goods will not be available for purchase in the open market without substantial additional cost.

 

RISK FACTORS

 

Risk Factors Related to Our Business

 

Decreases in the Amount of Mortgage Financing Provided by Mexican Housing Funds on Which We Depend, or Disbursement Delays, Could Result in a Decrease in Our Sales and Revenues

 

The home building industry in Mexico has been characterized by a significant shortage of mortgage financing. Historically, the limited availability of financing has restricted home building and contributed to the current shortage of affordable entry-level housing. Substantially all financing for affordable entry-level housing in Mexico is provided by entities established for this purpose (“Mexican Housing Funds”) such as:

 

·                     the National Workers’ Housing Fund Institute, or INFONAVIT (Instituto del Fondo Nacional para la Vivienda de los Trabajadores), which is financed primarily through mandatory contributions from the gross wages of private segment workers, and securitization of mortgages in the capital markets;

 

·                     the Social Security and Services Institute Public Segment Workers’ Housing Fund, or FOVISSSTE (Fondo para la Vivienda y la Seguridad y Servicios Sociales para los Trabajadores del Estado ), which is financed primarily through mandatory contributions from the gross wages of public sector workers; and

 

·                     public mortgage providers such as the Federal Mortgage Society, or SHF (Sociedad Hipotecaria Federal, S.N.C., Institucion de Banca de Desarrollo), which is financed through its own funds as well as funds provided by the World Bank and a trust managed by Banco de México.

 

11



 

See “Item 4. Information on the Company— Business Overview—The Mexican Housing Market.”

 

The amount of funding available and the level of mortgage financing from these sources is limited and may vary from year to year.

 

These Mexican Housing Funds have significant discretion in terms of the allocation and timing of disbursement of mortgage funds. We depend on the availability of mortgage financing provided by these Mexican Housing Funds for substantially all of our sales of affordable entry-level housing, which represented 77.0% of our revenues and 77.0% of our operating income for 2008 and 77.3% of our revenues and 77.3% of our operating income for 2007.

 

Accordingly, our financial results are affected by policies and administrative procedures of INFONAVIT, FOVISSSTE, SHF, and a federal housing subsidy program, as well as by the Mexican government’s housing policy. The availability of mortgage financing granted by INFONAVIT and FOVISSSTE has increased significantly during the past six years as compared to historical levels, while financing from SHF has decreased due to a change in its policy in 2005. However, financing from SHF may increase due to a Mexican governmental policy initiative that promotes direct financing to Limited Purpose Financing Companies and Multiple Purpose Financing Companies (Sociedades Financieras de Objeto Limitado y Sociedades Financieras de Objeto Múltiple or “sofoles” and “sofomes”). This policy initiative was designed to help sofoles and sofomes continue lending despite liquidity constraints related to sofoles’ and sofomes’ exposure to mortgage backed securities. The Mexican governmental policy initiative may provide an additional source of future financing to Homex’s middle-income clients. The future Mexican government housing finance policy may limit or delay the availability of mortgage financing provided by these agencies or otherwise institute changes, including changes in the methods by which these agencies grant mortgages and, in the case of INFONAVIT, the geographic allocation of mortgage financing, that could result in a decrease in our sales and revenues.

 

Disruptions in the operations of these Mexican Housing Funds, which could occur for any reason, may occur and result in a decrease in our sales and revenues. This year, disruptions included a delay in the disbursement of Federal Government subsidies in certain cities delaying the timing by which INFONAVIT commits to closing a transaction, and a slowdown in the collection process through FOVISSTE, who employs sofoles to make payments which result in delays in the payment process..

 

Decreases or delays in the amount of funds available from INFONAVIT, FOVISSSTE, SHF or other sources, or substantially increased competition for these funds, could result in a decrease in our sales and revenues. These funds may not continue to be allocated at their current levels or in regions in which we have or can quickly establish a significant presence.

 

The current administration of President Felipe Calderón has initiated a National Housing Program (Programa Nacional de Vivienda) 2007-2012, through which the government expects that Mexican Housing Funds will provide six million mortgages by 2012, mainly to low-income families. For 2009, the government believes that Mexican Housing Funds will provide 1.3 million residential mortgages.

 

A Slowdown in the Mexican Economy Could Limit the Availability of Private-Segment Financing in Mexico, on Which We Depend for Our Sales of Middle-Income Housing, Which Could Result in a Decrease in Our Sales and Revenues

 

One of our long-term strategies is to expand our operations in the middle-income and residential housing segments while maintaining our margins and without adversely affecting our financial condition. Our expansion into these markets depends on private segment lenders, such as commercial banks and Limited Purpose Financing Companies and Multiple Purpose Financing Companies (Sociedades Financieras de Objeto Limitado y Sociedades Financieras de Objeto Múltiple, or “sofoles” and “sofomes”), which provide a substantial majority of mortgage financing for the middle-income segment. The availability of private segment mortgage financing in Mexico has been severely constrained in the past as a result of volatile economic conditions in Mexico, the level of liquidity and stability of the Mexican banking system, and the resulting adoption of more stringent lending criteria and bank regulations. From 1995 through 2001, commercial bank mortgage lending was generally unavailable in Mexico. However, during the same period a number of sofoles were formed, serving the mostly middle-income market. Since 2002, private sector lenders have gradually increased their mortgage financing activities as a result of improved economic conditions and increasing consumer demand. However, unfavorable general economic conditions, such as the current recession and economic slowdown in the United States have begun to negatively affect the Mexican economy and the availability of private sector mortgage financing. As a result, commercial lenders have begun to change their criteria for mortgage origination. Additionally, sofoles and sofomes have begun to face liquidity constraints due to increased exposure to non-performing loans. As a result, our profitability could be reduced and financial performance could be negatively affected.

 

12



 

Our Strategy for Expansion in the Tourism/Resort Housing Market  may be Affected by a Slowdown in U.S. General Economic Conditions, Which Could Adversely Affect Our Business or Our Financial Results

 

The tourism/resort homebuilding industry is sensitive to changes in economic conditions and other factors, such as the level of employment, consumer confidence, consumer income, availability of financing, and interest rate levels. Adverse changes in any of these conditions, or in the markets where our targeted clients operate, could decrease demand and pricing for new homes in these areas or result in customer cancellations of pending contracts, which could adversely affect the number of home deliveries we make or reduce the prices we can charge for homes in the tourism/resort housing markets, either of which could result in a decrease in our revenues and earnings and would adversely affect our financial condition. However, the Company believes that the targeted customers will consist of an exclusive sector of senior U.S. and European residents, for whom the availability of financing is not a key requisite for purchasing a second home. Nonetheless, we anticipate a reduction in potential customers for this segment due to softer demand from our targeted customers related to the current recession and economic slowdown.

 

We Experience Significant Seasonality in Our Results of Operations

 

The Mexican affordable entry-level housing industry experiences significant seasonality during the year, principally due to the operational and lending cycles of INFONAVIT and FOVISSSTE. Payment by these lenders for home deliveries is slow at the beginning of the year and increases gradually through the second and third quarters with a rapid acceleration in the fourth quarter. We build and deliver affordable entry-level homes based on the seasonality of this cycle because we do not begin construction of these homes until a mortgage provider commits mortgage financing to a qualified homebuyer in a particular development. Accordingly, we also tend to recognize significantly higher levels of revenue in the third and fourth quarters and our debt levels tend to be highest in the first and second quarters. We anticipate that our quarterly results of operations and our level of indebtedness will continue to experience variability from quarter to quarter in the future.

 

We May Experience Difficulty in Finding Desirable Land Tracts or Increases in the Price of Land May Increase Our Cost of Sales and Decrease Our Earnings

 

Our continued growth depends in large part on our ability to continue to be able to acquire land and to do so at a reasonable cost. As more developers enter or expand their operations in the Mexican home building industry, land prices could rise significantly and suitable land could become scarce due to increased demand or decreased supply. A resulting rise in land prices may increase our cost of sales and decrease our earnings. We may not be able to continue to acquire suitable land at reasonable prices in the future.

 

Increases in the Price of Raw Materials May Increase Our Cost of Sales and Reduce Our Net Earnings

 

The basic raw materials used in the construction of our homes include concrete, concrete block, steel, windows, doors, roof tiles and plumbing fixtures. Increases in the price of raw materials, including increases that may occur as a result of shortages, duties, restrictions, or fluctuations in exchange rates, could increase our cost of sales and reduce our net earnings to the extent we are unable to increase our sale prices. It is possible that the prices of our raw materials will increase in the future.

 

Because We Recognize Income from Sales of Homes Under the Percentage-of-Completion Method of Accounting Before Receiving Cash Revenue, Failed Closings Could Result in a Shortfall of Actual Cash Received and Require an Adjustment to Revenue Previously Recorded

 

In accordance with MFRS, and consistent with industry practice in Mexico, we recognize income from the sale of homes based on the percentage-of-completion method of accounting, which in Mexico requires us to recognize income as we incur the cost of construction. See Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements for a discussion of the percentage-of-completion method. However, we do not receive the consideration from these sales until the homes are titled. As a result, there is a risk that revenue in respect of the income recognized for accounting purposes will not be received due to the failure of a sale to close.

 

Loss of the Services of Our Key Management Personnel Could Result in Disruptions to Our Business Operations

 

Our management and operations are dependent in large part upon the contributions of a small number of key senior management personnel, including Eustaquio Tomás de Nicolás Gutiérrez, our Chairman, and Gerardo de Nicolás Gutiérrez, our Chief Executive Officer. We do not have employment or non-compete agreements with or maintain key-man life insurance in respect of either of these individuals. Because of their knowledge of the industry and our operations and their experience with Homex, we believe that our future results will depend upon their efforts, and the loss of the services of either of these individuals for any reason could result in disruptions to our business operations.

 

13



 

Competition from Other Home Builders Could Result in a Decrease in Our Sales and Revenues

 

The home building industry in Mexico is highly competitive. Our principal competitors include public companies like Corporación GEO, S.A.B. de C.V., Consorcio ARA, S.A.B. de C.V., URBI Desarrollos Urbanos, S.A.B. de C.V. and SARE, S.A.B. de C.V. Our ability to maintain existing levels of home sales depends to some extent on competitive conditions, including price competition, competition for available mortgage financing, and competition for available land. Competition is likely to decrease as some smaller and medium-sized homebuilding companies in Mexico are experiencing limited growth opportunities due to: (1) their dependence on bridge loans and short-term credit lines; (2) increases in the range of 300 to 400 bps in these companies interest rates for short-term credit lines; and (3) tighter lending restrictions from commercial banks to renew existing credit lines. We may experience pressure to reduce our prices in certain regions if some of our competitors are forced to sell their inventory in distressed sales upon exiting the market. In addition, competitive conditions may prevent us from achieving our goal of increasing our sales volume, or result in a decrease in our sales and revenues.

 

Changes in Building and Zoning Regulations to Which We are Subject Could Cause Delays in Construction and Result in Increased Costs

 

The Mexican housing industry is subject to extensive building and zoning regulation by various federal, state and municipal authorities. These authorities oversee land acquisition, development and construction activities, and certain dealings with customers. The costs associated with obtaining building and zoning permits, paying purchase or development fees and taxes, securing utility service rights and titling new homes are substantially higher in Mexico than in other countries and vary significantly from region to region in Mexico. We are required to obtain the approval of numerous federal, state and local governmental authorities for our development activities. Changes in local circumstances or applicable law or regulations of such entities may require modifying or applying for additional approvals or changing our processes and procedures to comply with them. It is possible that these factors could cause delays in construction and result in increased costs.

 

Changes to Environmental Laws and Regulations to Which We are Subject Could Cause Delays in Construction and Result in Increased Costs

 

Our operations are subject to Mexican federal, state and municipal environmental laws and regulations. Changes to environmental laws and regulations, or stricter interpretation or enforcement of existing laws or regulations, could cause delays in construction and result in increased costs.

 

Our Uninsured Housing Developments under Construction Could Suffer Unforeseen Casualties, Which Could Result in Significant Losses to Us

 

We do not generally obtain liability insurance to cover housing developments under construction unless it is required by providers of construction financing. In the event that our uninsured housing developments suffer unforeseen casualties, we may experience significant losses.

 

A Reduction in Distributions from Our Operating Subsidiaries Could Limit Our Ability to pay Dividends and Service Our Debt Obligations

 

We are a holding company with no substantial operations and no significant assets other than the common shares of our majority-owned subsidiaries. We depend on receiving sufficient funds from our subsidiaries for virtually all our internal cash flow, including cash flow to pay dividends and service our debt obligations. As a result, our cash flow will be affected if we do not receive dividends and other income from our subsidiaries. The ability of our subsidiaries to pay dividends and make other transfers to us is limited by requirements that need to be satisfied under Mexican law. This ability may also be limited by credit agreements entered into by our subsidiaries.

 

Risk Factors Related to Mexico

 

We Face Risks Related to Health Epidemics and Other Outbreaks

 

Our business could be adversely affected by the effects of any epidemic or contingency. In April 2009, an outbreak of Influenza AH1N1 flu occurred in Mexico and the United States and there have been recent cases in China and elsewhere in Asia. Any prolonged occurrence or recurrence or other adverse public health developments in Mexico may have a material adverse effect on our business operations. Our operations may be impacted

 

14



 

by a number of health-related factors, including, among other things, quarantines or closures of our facilities, which could disrupt our operations, and a general slowdown in the Mexican economy. Any of the foregoing events or other unforeseen consequences of public health problems could adversely affect our business and results of operations. We have not adopted any written preventive measures or contingency plans to combat any type of epidemic.

 

Adverse Economic Conditions in Mexico May Result in a Decrease in Our Sales and Revenues

 

We are a Mexican company with substantially most of our assets located in Mexico and all of our revenues derived from operations in Mexico. As such, our business may be significantly affected by the general conditions of the Mexican economy.

 

Mexico experienced a period of slow growth from 2001 through 2003 primarily as a result of the downturn in the U.S. economy. In 2005, GDP grew by 3% and inflation decreased to 3.3%; in 2006, GDP grew by 4.5% and inflation increased to 4.1%; in 2007, GDP grew by 5.6% and inflation decreased to 3.7%; and in 2008, GDP grew by 1.3% and inflation increased to 6.5%.

 

Mexico also has, and is expected to continue to have, high real and nominal interest rates. The interest rates on 28-day Mexican government treasury securities (Certificados de la Tesoreria de la Federación) averaged approximately 7.00%, 7.44% and 7.97% for 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively. Accordingly, if we incur peso-denominated debt in the future, it could be at high interest rates.

 

As a consequence of the global recession and economic slowdown during 2008, the Mexican economy entered into a recession.  In Mexico, GDP growth during the first three months of 2009 contracted 8.2% compared to the first three months of 2008.  As of April 30, 2009, twelve-month accumulated inflation had increased to 6.2% compared to 4.5% during the same period in 2008. As a consequence, consumer confidence decreased to an eight-year low of 82.1, with a corresponding impact on consumption. The current recession could affect our operations to the extent that we are unable to reduce our costs and expenses in response to falling demand.  These factors could result in a decrease in our sales and revenues.

 

Fluctuations of the Peso Relative to the U.S. Dollar Could Result in an Increase in Our Cost of Financing and Limit Our Ability to Make Timely Payments on Foreign Currency-Denominated Debt

 

Because substantially all of our revenues are and will continue to be denominated in pesos, if the value of the peso decreases against the U.S. dollar, our cost of financing will increase. Severe depreciation of the peso may also result in disruption of the international foreign exchange markets. This may limit our ability to transfer or convert pesos into U.S. dollars and other currencies for the purpose of making timely payments of interest and principal on our securities and any U.S. dollar-denominated debt that we may incur in the future. While the Mexican government has not restricted the right or ability of Mexican or foreign individuals to convert pesos into U.S. dollars or to transfer other currencies out of Mexico since 1982, the Mexican government could institute restrictive exchange rate policies in the future.

 

Political Events in Mexico May Result in Disruptions to Our Business Operations and Decreases in Our Sales and Revenues

 

The Mexican government exercises significant influence over many aspects of the Mexican economy. In addition, we depend on Mexican government housing policy, especially with regard to the operation of mortgage providers comprised of Mexican Housing Funds, for a large portion of our business. As a result, the actions of the Mexican government concerning the economy and regulating certain industries could have a significant effect on Mexican private segment entities, including Homex, and on market conditions, prices of and returns on Mexican securities.

 

President Calderón may implement significant changes in laws, public policy and/or regulations that could affect Mexico’s political and economic situation, which could adversely affect our business. Social and political instability in Mexico or other adverse social or political developments in or affecting Mexico could affect us and our ability to obtain financing. It is also possible that political uncertainty may adversely affect Mexican financial markets.

 

Elections for the Mexican Senate, House of Representatives and for the governorship of certain states of the Republic are scheduled for July 5, 2009.  No political party in Mexico has a majority in the Congress or Senate. The lack of a majority party in the legislature, the potential lack of alignment between the legislature and the President and any changes that result from the congressional elections could result in instability or deadlock, and prevent the timely implementation of political and economic reforms, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on Mexican economic policy and on our business.

 

We cannot provide any assurance that future political developments in Mexico, over which we have no control, will not have an unfavorable impact on our financial position or results of operations.

 

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Developments in Other Countries May Result in Decreases in the Price of Our Securities

 

As is the case with respect to securities of issuers from other emerging markets, the market value of securities of Mexican companies is, to varying degrees, affected by economic and market conditions in other emerging market countries. Although economic conditions in these countries may differ significantly from economic conditions in Mexico, investors’ reactions to developments in any of these other countries may have an adverse effect on the market value of securities of Mexican issuers. In recent years, for example, prices of both Mexican debt securities and Mexican equity securities dropped substantially as a result of developments in Russia, Asia and Brazil.

 

In addition, the direct correlation between economic conditions in Mexico and the United States has sharpened in recent years as a result of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and increased economic activity between the two countries. As a result of the slowing economy in the United States and the uncertainty it could have on the general economic conditions in Mexico and the United States, our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected. In addition, due to recent developments in the international credit markets, capital availability and cost could be significantly affected and could restrict our ability to obtain financing or refinance our existing indebtedness on favorable terms, if at all.

 

We are Subject to Different Corporate Disclosure and Accounting Standards than U.S. Companies

 

A principal objective of the securities laws of the United States, Mexico and other countries is to promote full and fair disclosure of all material corporate information. However, there may be less or different publicly available information about foreign issuers of securities than is regularly published by or about U.S. issuers of listed securities.

 

Risk Factors Related to Our Common Shares and ADSs

 

Future Issuances of Shares May Result in a Decrease in the Prices of Our ADSs and Common Shares

 

In the future, we may issue additional equity securities for financing and other general corporate purposes, although there is no present intention to do so. Any such sales or the prospect of any such sales could result in a decrease in the prices of our ADSs and common shares.

 

Future Sales of Our Shares by Our Principal Shareholders May Result in a Decrease in the Prices of Our Securities

 

Our principal shareholder, the de Nicolás family, holds 35% of our outstanding share capital. Actions by these shareholders with respect to the disposition of the shares they beneficially own, or the perception that such actions might occur, may decrease the trading price of our shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange and the price of the ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange. Our principal shareholders are not subject to any contractual restrictions that limit their right to dispose of their common shares.

 

Pre-emptive Rights May be Unavailable to Holders of Our ADSs, Which May Result in a Dilution of ADS Holders’ Equity Interest in Our Company

 

Under Mexican law, if we issue new shares for cash as part of a capital increase, we must grant pre-emptive rights to our shareholders, giving them the right to purchase a sufficient number of shares to maintain their pro rata interest unless we issue shares in a public offering. However, we may not be legally permitted to offer ADS holders in the United States the right to exercise pre-emptive rights in any future issuances of shares unless we file a registration statement with the SEC with respect to that future issuance of shares, or the issuance qualifies for an exemption from the registration requirements of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, or the Securities Act. At the time of any future capital increase, we will evaluate the costs and potential liabilities associated with filing a registration statement with the SEC, the benefits of enabling U.S. holders of ADSs to exercise pre-emptive rights, and any other factors that we consider important in determining whether to file a registration statement to permit the exercise of mandatory pre-emptive rights. It is possible that we will not file such a registration statement. As a result, the equity interests of ADS holders would be diluted to the extent that ADS holders cannot participate in a future capital increase.

 

Under the terms of the ADSs, you may instruct the depositary, JPMorgan Chase Bank, to vote the ordinary shares underlying the ADSs, but only if we request the depositary to ask for your instructions. Otherwise, you will not be able to exercise your right to vote unless you withdraw the common shares underlying the ADSs and vote such common shares. However, you may not receive sufficient notice of a shareholders’ meeting to permit you to withdraw your common shares to allow you to cast your vote with respect to any specific matter. In addition, the depositary and its agents may not be able to send out or receive your voting instructions on time or carry them out in the manner you have instructed. As a result, you may not be able to exercise your right to

 

16



 

vote.

 

In addition, Mexican law and our bylaws require shareholders to provide evidence of their status as shareholders through INDEVAL’s depositors’ list in order to attend shareholders’ meetings. ADS holders will not be able to meet this requirement and are therefore not entitled to attend shareholders’ meetings. ADS holders will also not be permitted to vote the common shares underlying the ADSs directly at a shareholders’ meeting or to appoint a proxy to do so without withdrawing the common shares.

 

Minority Shareholders Have Different Rights Against Us, Our Directors, or Our Controlling Shareholders in Mexico

 

Under Mexican law, the protections afforded to minority shareholders are different from those afforded to minority shareholders in the United States. The grounds for shareholder derivative actions under Mexican law are extremely limited, which effectively bars most of these kinds of lawsuits in Mexico. Procedures for class-action lawsuits do not exist under Mexican law. Therefore, it may be more difficult for minority shareholders to enforce their rights against us, our directors or our controlling shareholders than it would be for minority shareholders of a U.S. company.

 

It May be Difficult to Enforce Civil Liabilities Against Us or Our Directors, Executive Officers and Controlling Persons

 

We are organized under the laws of Mexico. A majority of our directors, executive officers and controlling persons reside outside the U.S.; all or a significant portion of the assets of our directors, executive officers and controlling persons, and substantially all of our assets, are located outside the U.S.; and certain of the experts named in this annual report also reside outside the U.S. As a result, it may be difficult for you to effect service of process within the U.S. upon these persons or to enforce against them or us in U.S. courts judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the U.S. We have been advised by our Mexican counsel, Cortes, Muñiz y Núñez Sarrapy, S.C., that there is doubt as to the enforceability, in original actions in Mexican courts, of liabilities predicated solely on U.S. federal securities laws and as to the enforceability in Mexican courts of judgments of U.S. courts obtained in actions predicated upon the civil liability provisions of U.S. federal securities laws.

 

ITEM 4.       Information on the Company.

 

BUSINESS OVERVIEW

 

HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT

 

Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V. is a corporation (sociedad anónima bursátil de capital variable) registered in Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico under the Mexican Companies Law ( Ley General de Sociedades Mercantiles ) on March 30, 1998 with an indefinite corporate existence. Our full legal name is Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V. Our principal executive offices are located at Boulevard Alfonso Zaragoza M. 2204 Norte, Fraccionamiento Bonanza, 80020 Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico. Our telephone number is +52 (667) 758-5800. Our legal domicile is Boulevard Alfonso Zaragoza Maytorena 2204 Norte, 80020 Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico.

 

Our Company traces its origins to 1989 and established its current structure in 1998. Beginning in 1999, various strategic investors and, in 2002, Equity International Properties, Ltd., or EIP, an entity affiliated with Equity Group Investments, L.L.C., or EGI, an investment company founded by Samuel Zell, chairman of EIP, made equity investments in our Company. These strategic investors assisted us to develop and refine our operating and financial strategies. On June 29, 2004 we obtained financing through a public equity offering and dual listing on the Bolsa Mexicana de Valores and the New York Stock Exchange. Since our initial public offering, our annual revenues have grown 218%, and we have expanded our operations into three states and four cities in México, as well as two countries internationally.

 

Capital Expenditures

 

Our operations do not require substantial capital expenditures, as we lease, on a short-term basis, most of the construction equipment we use and subcontract a substantial portion of the services necessary to build the infrastructure of our developments. In 2008 we spent Ps.564 million on capital expenditures, primarily to purchase construction equipment and to support growth and to partially fund our corporate headquarters. Our purchases of land are treated as additions to inventory and not as capital expenditures.

 

Our Company

 

We are a vertically-integrated home development company engaged in the development, construction and sale of affordable entry-level, middle-income and upper-income housing in Mexico. During 2008, we sold 57,498 homes, an increase of 11.3% over 2007, when we sold 51,672 homes, an increase of 17.1% over the 44,132 homes we sold in 2006. As of December 31, 2008, we had

 

17



 

112 developments under construction in 32 cities located in 20 Mexican states. We had total land reserves under title of approximately 79.3 million m(2) as of December 31, 2008, on which we estimate we could build approximately 358,011 affordable entry-level homes, approximately 30,713 middle-income homes and approximately 1,403 homes for the tourism and resort market.

 

We believe our geographic diversity is one of the strongest among home builders in Mexico, reflected by our operations as of December 31, 2008 in 32 cities located in 20 Mexican states. Furthermore, our sales are not concentrated in a limited number of areas as compared to our competitors. In 2008, 35% of our revenues were derived from the Mexico City Metropolitan Area.

 

From time to time, we evaluate investments in real estate projects and companies outside Mexico with a view toward replicating our business model in other jurisdictions. To this end, we may also enter into real estate development joint ventures and strategic alliances with the assistance of knowledgeable local partners. Such investments, if any, are not expected to be material in terms of cost or management time.

 

We acquire land and plan the development of the homes we build through Proyectos Inmobiliarios de Culiacán, S.A. de C.V., or PICSA, Casas Beta del Centro, S. de R.L. de C.V., Casas Beta del Norte, S. de R.L. de C.V. and Casas Beta del Noroeste, S. de R.L. de C.V. Desarrolladora de Casas del Noroeste, S.A. de C.V. or DECANO builds the developments that PICSA and Beta plan and promote. We also receive executive and administrative services from Administradora PICSA, S.A. de C.V. and Altos Mandos de Negocios, S.A. de C.V. Homex Atizapan, S.A. de C.V., which we operate and control as a joint venture with strategic partners in the region, owns one of our middle-income developments in the Mexico City area and Hogares del Noroeste, S.A. de C.V. owns middle-income developments in Hermosillo, Sonora. Aerohomex, S.A. de C.V. provides transportation services to us as well as building rental services for our corporate offices. Through AAA Homex Trust, a Mexican trust, we establish factoring facilities for the settlement of trade payables to many of our suppliers. See “—Materials and Suppliers.”

 

Our Products

 

Mexico’s developer-built housing industry is divided into three tiers according to cost:  affordable entry-level, middle-income, and residential. We consider affordable entry-level homes to range in price between Ps.195,000 and Ps.540,000 (US$14,157 and US$39,205); middle-income homes to range in price between Ps.541,000 and Ps.1,885,000 (US$39,277 and US$136,854); and residential homes to have a price above Ps.1,885,000 (US$136,854). We currently focus on providing affordable entry-level and middle-income housing for our customers. For 2008, we launched a new market focused on houses in tourist and resort areas. This housing ranges in price between US$450,000 and US$750,000.

 

Our affordable entry-level developments range in size from 500 to 20,000 homes and are developed in stages typically comprising 300 homes each. During 2008, our affordable entry-level homes had an average sale price of approximately Ps.276,000 (US$20,038). A typical affordable entry-level home consists of a kitchen, living, dining area, one to three bedrooms, and one bathroom. We are able to deliver a completed affordable entry-level home in approximately 7 to 10 weeks from the time a homebuyer obtains mortgage approval. Currently, our largest affordable entry-level housing developments are located in the cities of Guadalajara, Monterrey, Nuevo Laredo, Tijuana, Puebla and the State of Mexico.

 

Our middle-income developments range in size from 400 to 2,000 homes and are developed in stages typically comprising 200 homes each. During 2008, our middle-income homes had an average sale price of approximately Ps. 817,000 (US$59,316). A typical middle-income home consists of a kitchen, dining room, living room, two or three bedrooms, and two bathrooms. We are able to deliver a completed middle-income home in approximately 12 to 16 weeks from the time a homebuyer obtains mortgage approval. In response to continued demand for middle-income housing in Mexico and financing available through INFONAVIT’s and FOVISSSTE’s cofinancing products, we launched twelve new middle-income developments in twelve cities in 2008. In 2008, 23.0% of our revenues were attributable to sales of middle-income housing compared to 22.6% in 2007.

 

In early 2008, we commenced the development of the first stage of the new tourism/resort division called “Las Villas de Mexico.”  As part of Homex’s entry into the development of housing targeting the tourist market, our developments will be located in the three major tourism centers in Mexico, namely Los Cabos, Puerto Vallarta and Cancún. Developments in each of the three areas will have three different housing styles: residential villas of up to 2,150 square feet in typical lots of 3,230 square feet, townhouses of up to 1,725 square feet in typical lots of 2,690 square feet and apartments or condominiums of up to 1,500 square feet in buildings with five to 10 floors on average. Each style has been developed to maximize space but provide privacy and avoid the perception of high density.  The developments in each area will feature architectural and landscaping elements unique to the geographical region.  Owners will have the opportunity to choose from among the different layouts and a wide variety of architectural and landscaping designs, as well as to tailor a property to their individual tastes. Each development will feature either a private beach or country club (with priority golf club access), as well as a day spa, state-of-the-art fitness facilities, full-time concierge services, and space for exclusive commercial and service areas.

 

In targeting the new tourism resort division to foreign investors who will not live at their residences full-time, we have included a number of important amenities. All of the developments will feature double gates, year-round, 24-hour security, and a choice of two branded property services: Casa Care and Opendoor. Casa Care will handle the maintenance and bill payments for the property while residents are away. The services include payment of monthly expenses, property management, and individually customized packages tailored to residents’ specific needs. Opendoor will allow residents to share or rent their home within the Las Villas private property partnership. Owners will be able to travel throughout Mexico to stay at the different Las Villas developments, use the amenities, and pay the same amount they would for their own residence.

 

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During 2008 the tourism division did not contribute to the Company’s consolidated revenues.

 

Land Reserves

 

We have developed specific procedures to identify land that is suitable for our needs and perform ongoing market research to determine regional demand for housing. Suitable land must be located near areas with sufficient demand, generally in areas where at least 500 homes can be built, and must be topographically amenable to housing development. We also consider the feasibility of obtaining required governmental licenses, permits, authorizations, and adding necessary improvements and infrastructure, include sewage, roads and electricity in keeping with a purchase price that will maximize margins within the limits of available mortgage financing. We conduct engineering and environmental assessments, and in some cases urbanization and land composition studies, of land we consider for purchase in order to determine whether it is suitable for construction. We budget the majority of our land purchases for the second half of the year to coincide with peak cash flow. Historically, our total land reserves fluctuated between 36 to 42 months of future home deliveries depending upon the time of year. During the second half of 2008, the Company increased its land inventory to 5.5 years of future home deliveries by pursuing land investment opportunities.

 

As of December 31, 2008, we had total land reserves under title of approximately 79.3 million m(2), which includes both the titled land and land in process of being titled. This is equivalent to 390,127 homes, of which 358,011 will be in the affordable entry-level segment, 30,713 in the middle-income segment and 1,403 in the tourism/resort housing market. For 2009, we anticipate minimizing investments by following a conservative replacement strategy for land bank acquisitions.

 

Our Relationship with Equity International Properties, Ltd.

 

Beginning in 2002, EIP became a major investor in Homex. However, EIP has been reducing its ownership position in the Company. On February 1, 2008 EIP sold 5.1% (17.1 million common shares) of Homex common stock to the de Nicolás family, who are Homex’s founders. On April 25, 2008, pursuant to the liquidation plans for EIP’s investment fund, EIP decided to sell the remainder of its stake in Homex, and sold approximately 11.0 million common shares in private transactions. As of March 31, 2009 EIP had an ownership interest equivalent to 1.0% of the Company’s common shares.

 

Business Strengths

 

Standardized Business Processes

 

Over several years, we have developed and refined scalable and standardized business processes that allow us to enter new markets rapidly and efficiently. We have designed proprietary information technology systems that are intended to integrate and monitor our operations, including land acquisition, construction, payroll, purchasing, sales, quality control, financing, delivery, and maintenance. Our systems connect every one of our branch locations and help us monitor and control the home building process, to administer our customer relations, and to oversee the financing process for our customers. This standardized model drives our growth, geographic diversification, and profitability, and is an integral component of our culture.

 

Efficient Working Capital Management

 

Our standardized processes allow us to time the construction and delivery of our homes and payment to our suppliers efficiently, which has allowed us to reduce our borrowing needs and minimize working capital requirements. We do not commence construction on a development stage until prospective buyers representing at least 10% of the planned number of homes in that stage have qualified to receive mortgage financing. We seek to maintain a short construction period of less than 10 weeks for affordable entry-level housing and less than 16 weeks for middle-income housing by using our systems to maximize the efficiency of our standardized methods. This speed allows us to maximize our working capital by minimizing overhead and coordinating payables with receivables, which greatly reduce our borrowing needs, and to minimize our costs.

 

Geographic Diversification

 

We believe that we are one of the most geographically diversified housing development companies in Mexico. As of December 31, 2008, our operations included 112 developments in 32 cities located in 20 Mexican states, which represent 74.4% of Mexico’s population, according to the Mexican Institute of Statistics, Geography and Computer Sciences, or INEGI (Instituto Nacional de Estadistica, Geografia e Informática). Many of our developments are located in markets where no major competitors currently operate. For instance, our sales are not concentrated in limited areas as compared to our competitors. In 2008, 35% of our revenues originated in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area, the largest city in Mexico, and 8% in Guadalajara, the second-largest city. The remaining revenues originated in 30 cities. We believe that this geographic diversification reduces our risk profile as compared to

 

19



 

our less-diversified competitors.

 

Experienced and Committed Management Team

 

Eustaquio Tomás de Nicolás Gutiérrez, our Chairman, co-founded Homex’s predecessor in 1989, and Gerardo de Nicolás Gutiérrez, our CEO, joined us in 1993. Our senior management team is comprised of executives with an average of 15 years’ experience in their respective areas of responsibility. Senior management owns an aggregate of 29.45% of our common shares. Consistent with our standardized business processes and geographic diversification, we delegate significant managerial responsibility to our seasoned team of branch managers. Upon completion of a development, we typically relocate our branch managers to another development in order to capitalize on their significant experience.

 

Focus on the Affordable Entry-Level Segment

 

Our affordable entry-level segment continues to succeed primarily due to the availability of mortgage financing provided by the main mortgage suppliers in Mexico: INFONAVIT and FOVISSSTE which provided mortgage financing for 494,073 and 90,140 mortgages during 2008 respectively. Additionally, we continue to experience high demand for affordable entry-level homes in Mexico due to the large deficit of housing stock, a growing young population, high rates of urban growth, new household formation, and a decreasing number of occupants per home. In Mexico, ninety percent of the population earns a monthly income of approximately Ps. 6,000 making an affordable entry-level home valued at Ps. 400,000 an affordable option. Our focus and expertise in the affordable entry-level segment has enabled us to increase our market share compared to our competitors. As of December 31, 2008 our market share had increased to 32.4% compared to 31.9% for the previous year. Additionally 90.8% of the homes that we sold during 2008 fell into the affordable-entry level category.

 

Business Strategies

 

Maintain a Conservative Financial Position

 

We operate our business with the goal of reducing our exposure to interest rate and financing risk. We begin construction only when an approved homebuyer has qualified for a mortgage and, if applicable, made a down payment, thereby reducing our working capital needs. We believe the resulting financial flexibility enhances our ability to respond quickly to market opportunities and minimizes any negative effects that might result from a downturn in the economy.

 

Focus on Growth Consolidation and High-Return Opportunities

 

Our strategy is to consolidate our growth and to identify and target high-return opportunities such as middle-income home sales. For the year ended December 31, 2008, 23.0% of our revenues came from middle-income home sales as compared to 22.6% in the same period in 2007. We have developed an operating model that we believe allows us to enter underserved markets quickly and efficiently in order to take advantage of attractive opportunities offered by increased availability of public and private segment mortgage financing.

 

Tourism Housing’s Strategic Growth

 

On February 7, 2008 the Company announced plans to strengthen its position in the tourism market by developing communities for the second-home market in key tourist destinations within Mexico for potential customers in the United States, Canada and Mexico. (See “—Our Products”).

 

The first stage of development involves launches of three “Las Villas de Mexico” developments in the cities of Cancún, Los Cabos and Puerto Vallarta. These private communities, with a superior product and service offerings, will reflect the architecture and culture of Mexico adapted to the customs and living traditions of our target markets. The developments will include residential villas, townhouses, and apartments.

 

In October 2008, the Company started construction of the model homes and initial infrastructure at Cancún and Los Cabos in order to commence sales efforts for the first stage of these developments. Nonetheless, we anticipate a reduction in potential customers for our tourism market due to softer demand from our targeted customers related to the current recession and economic slowdown in the United States, Canada and Europe. As a result of the expected decrease in demand, the Company has adjusted its strategy and cut costs in order to remain profitable by subcontracting  out its sales employees, reducing the number of administrative personnel, streamlining the phases for approval of customer financing and increasing the density of our tourism projects.  However, the sharp decline in the value of the Peso compared to the U.S. Dollar, Canadian Dollar and Euro during the final quarter of 2008 may

 

20



 

have the effect of increasing demand for this segment by making Mexico more attractive to foreigners.

 

Tourist developments have not seen significant growth during 2009. In particular, development of the Puerto Vallarta project located in the Nayarit Riviera is currently on standby due to the current recession and economic slowdown, although we expect to begin development of this project during 2010.

 

Maintain Appropriate and Balanced Land Reserves

 

Our ability to identify, acquire and improve land is critical to our success. Because the success of our operations depends, among other things, on managing our reserves efficiently, we continually review our portfolio and seek new development opportunities. During the second half of 2008, the Company increased its land inventory to 5.5 years of future home deliveries by pursuing land investment opportunities. For 2009, we anticipate minimizing investments by following a conservative replacement strategy for land bank acquisitions.

 

We generally purchase large parcels of land in order to amortize our acquisition and infrastructure costs over a large number of homes, minimize competition, and take advantage of economies of scale. As of December 31, 2008, we had total land reserves under title of approximately 79.3 million m(2), which includes both the titled land and land in process of being titled. This is equivalent to 390,127 homes, of which 358,011 will be in the affordable entry-level segment, 30,713 in the middle-income segment and 1,403 in the tourism/resort housing market.

 

Continue to Build and Contribute to Successful Communities

 

We seek to foster brand loyalty by enhancing the quality and value of our communities through building spaces for schools, day-care facilities, parks and churches, and by providing other social services to residents of the housing we develop. We are committed to fulfilling our customers’ needs by responding to and meeting their demands. In 2008, we responded to our clients’ needs by launching a customization program that allows our clients to choose from a full array of custom options, which are included in the home purchase price, adding a personal touch to clients’ homes. At the same time, we seek to become the best employer to our employees through training and educational opportunities. We seek to hire and keep talented employees and invest in training our workforce at all levels by offering programs such as middle-school equivalency courses for our construction laborers. We are committed to becoming the best customer to our suppliers by offering various payment alternatives and opportunities for cooperative growth, and through our factoring structure and other initiatives, including electronic ordering and payment systems. We believe that these factors make us a preferred home builder, employer and customer and ultimately enhance our overall business.

 

Mold Construction System

 

During 2007, the Company acquired cutting-edge construction technology based on aluminum molds; which it will use in some, but not all, of its projects. This new technology will improve the efficiency of the construction process. Among the advantages of the new molds are:

 

·                     shorter construction time;

 

·                     better quality and reduced reprocessing;

 

·                     the ability to re-use the same mold for several prototypes of homes, with an estimated life of 2,000 usages per mold;

 

·                     versatility, because it permits construction ranging from simple floors to apartment buildings using the same system;

 

·                     labor savings;

 

·                     compatibility among international suppliers;

 

·                     eco-friendliness because, unlike traditional construction methods, mold construction does not utilize timber; and

 

·                     durability, due to the use of concrete.

 

As of December 31, 2008 we had used this technology in the construction of 25,874 homes. The Company intends to continue using this technology in the future.

 

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Our Markets

 

We operate in geographically diverse markets throughout Mexico, from Tijuana in the north to Tapachula in the south, which represent 20 states and 32 cities as of December 31, 2008. In 2008, 35% of our revenues originated in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area, the largest city in Mexico, and 8% in Guadalajara, the second-largest city. The remaining revenues were originated in 30 cities.

 

We operate in geographically diverse markets throughout Mexico, including 112 developments in 20 states and 32 cities as of December 31, 2008, which states represent 74.4% of Mexico’s population, according to the Mexican Institute of Statistics, Geography and Computer Sciences, or INEGI (Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografia e Informática). In 2008, 35% of Homex’s revenues originated in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area, the largest city in Mexico, and 8% in Guadalajara, the second largest city. The remaining revenues were originated throughout 30 cities. As a diversified homebuilder our national footprint covers: 1) capital cities, where we benefit from a stable demand from government employees; 2) industrial cities, including Puebla, Monterrey, Guanajuato, Saltillo and Chihuahua, where we benefit from Mexico’s export-oriented economy; and 3) tourism and service-oriented cities. During 2008, México’s service sector accounted for 60% of the country’s GDP, as the industry employs approximately 58% of the active population. Our geographic diversity within México has enabled the Company to mitigate our risk exposure to any one region.

 

We seek to continue operations in markets where we have a strong presence and to expand into underserved markets where demand for housing is high.

 

Total Homes Sold

 

The following table sets forth information on our historical sales by state. During 2005, 89.3% and 10.7% of the homes we sold were affordable entry-level and middle-income, respectively; during 2006, 90.5% and 9.5% of the homes we sold were affordable entry-level and middle-income, respectively, during 2007, 90.4% and 9.6% of the homes we sold were affordable entry-level and middle-income, respectively, and during 2008, 90.8% and 9.2% of the homes we sold were affordable entry-level and middle-income, respectively.

 

 

 

Years Ended December 31,

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

2005

 

State

 

Affordable
entry-level

 

Middle-
income

 

Affordable
entry-level

 

Middle-
income

 

Affordable
entry-level

 

Middle-
Income

 

Affordable
entry-level

 

Middle-
income

 

Baja California

 

3,509

 

355

 

2,810

 

387

 

2,170

 

423

 

1,682

 

350

 

Baja California Sur

 

2,165

 

520

 

2,514

 

733

 

1,188

 

178

 

894

 

33

 

Chiapas

 

2,127

 

297

 

1,071

 

287

 

1,369

 

192

 

1,126

 

 

Chihuahua

 

219

 

122

 

188

 

62

 

481

 

96

 

562

 

37

 

Coahuila

 

641

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Guanajuato

 

453

 

32

 

1,236

 

 

209

 

134

 

376

 

637

 

Estado de México

 

19,842

 

1,688

 

15,815

 

1,224

 

15,666

 

554

 

6,403

 

715

 

Guerrero

 

1,030

 

686

 

956

 

467

 

1,321

 

5

 

759

 

 

Hidalgo

 

 

53

 

 

263

 

 

161

 

156

 

93

 

Jalisco

 

7,745

 

769

 

8,090

 

582

 

9,623

 

1,147

 

5,184

 

926

 

Michoacán

 

983

 

1

 

890

 

 

646

 

323

 

821

 

105

 

Nuevo Leon

 

3,704

 

30

 

4,532

 

 

2,834

 

 

3,394

 

 

Oaxaca

 

 

 

64

 

 

467

 

 

273

 

 

Puebla

 

942

 

 

2,360

 

 

 

82

 

 

 

Querétaro

 

1,284

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Quintana Roo

 

331

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sinaloa

 

3,442

 

174

 

1,641

 

160

 

1,356

 

331

 

2,146

 

238

 

Sonora

 

535

 

292

 

341

 

379

 

375

 

153

 

968

 

13

 

Tamaulipas

 

621

 

 

714

 

58

 

427

 

306

 

2,188

 

244

 

Veracruz

 

2,636

 

270

 

3,468

 

380

 

1,808

 

107

 

1,271

 

 

Total

 

52,209

 

5,289

 

46,690

 

4,982

 

39,940

 

4,192

 

28,203

 

3,391

 

 

22



 

THE MEXICAN HOUSING MARKET

 

We have obtained the following information from public sources, including publications and materials from the Mexican Ministry of Social Development, or SEDESOL (Secretaría de Desarrollo Social), the Mexican Population Council, or CONAPO (Consejo Nacional de Población), INEGI, INFONAVIT, SHF, the Mexican Home Building and Development Industry Chamber of Commerce, or CANADEVI (Cámara Nacional de la Industria de Desarrollo y Promoción de la Vivienda), CONAVI (Comisión Nacional de Vivienda) and SOFTEC, S.C. We have not independently verified any of the information provided in this section.

 

General

 

The housing market in Mexico is influenced by several social, economic, industrial, and political factors, including demographics, housing supply, market segmentation, government policy, and available financing.

 

Demographics

 

National demographic trends drive demand for housing in Mexico. These trends include:

 

·            sustained growth of a relatively young population;

 

·            a high rate of new household formation;

 

·            a high urban area growth rate; and

 

·            a decrease in number of occupants per home.

 

According to INEGI, Mexico had a population of approximately 103.5 million in 2005, or approximately 25.1million households. CONAPO estimates that there will be approximately 27.5 million households by 2009, approximately 28.1 million by  2010, and approximately 31.1 million by 2015.

 

Mexico experienced a period of particularly high population growth during the 1970s and 1980s. The children born during this boom are contributing to the current increased demand for housing. The target consumer group for our homes is typically between 25 and 50 years old. In 2008, the 25-54 year-old age group represented approximately 38.3 million people or 37% of Mexico’s population. CONAPO estimates that by 2020, this age group will represent 44 million or 38% of Mexico’s population. The growth of this group is expected to contribute to increased housing demand in Mexico.

 

Housing Supply

 

In 2006, CONAVI’s housing statistics indicated there was a shortage of 4.4 million homes in Mexico. This figure included the need for:

 

·                       2.1 million new homes to accommodate multiple households currently living in a single home and households living in homes that must be replaced; and

 

·                       2.3 million substandard homes in need of extensive repair and possible replacement.

 

CONAVI estimates that the growth of the Mexican population will generate a sustained demand for new homes of at least 633,742 units per year into the near future. To address the immediate shortage of million homes as well as the anticipated new

 

23



 

demand, the Mexican government has committed to financing and/or building at least 1.3 million units a year in 2009.

 

Instituto de Vivienda del Distrito Federal (INVI)

 

INVI is a public, decentralized institution for the public administration in the Federal District (Distrito Federal), legally autonomous with its own working capital; its functions are the design, proposal, promotion, coordination, execution and evaluation of policies and housing programs focused mainly on families with limited economic resources, all of which is regulated within the General Development for the Federal District Program (Programa General de Desarrollo del Distrito Federal) derived from the Housing Law for the Federal District (Ley de Vivienda del Distrito Federal).

 

The mission of INVI is to satisfy the need for housing of families with limited economic resources located in the Federal District through the granting of mortgages for affordable entry-level homes, with the goal of creating 200,000 new housing units in the years 2007-2012. The Company entered into contracts of Ps. 298,620 during 2008 with this institution.

 

Market Segments

 

In general, Mexico’s developer-built (as opposed to self-built) housing market is divided into four segments according to cost: affordable entry-level, middle-income, residential and tourism. The developer-built housing market includes homes built by contractors and developers, which are generally financed by mortgage providers. These homes are built with official permits, have municipal services, and are located on land that is registered and titled by the homebuyer. Developers must obtain clear title to the land, proper zoning permits, any necessary financing commitments from lenders, and install infrastructure.

 

Mexico’s developer-built housing market is categorized in the table below:

 

Housing Market Segments

 

Segment

 

Cost

 

Size

 

Characteristics

Affordable entry-level

 

Between Ps.195,000 and Ps.540,000 (US$14,157-US$39,205)

 

45 m2-76 m2 (484 sq. ft. -818 sq. ft.)

 

Kitchen; living, dining area; 1-3 bedrooms; 1 bath; parking; titled; all utilities available

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Middle-income

 

Between Ps.541,000 and Ps.1,885,000 (US$39,277-US$136,854)

 

76 m2-172 m2 (818 sq. ft.-1,851 sq. ft.)

 

Kitchen, family room, living, dining room; 2-4 bedrooms; 2-4 baths; 1-4 parking; service quarters; titled; all utilities available

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Residential

 

More than Ps.1,885,000 (US$136,854)

 

more than 172 m2 (1,851 sq. ft.)

 

Kitchen; family room; living room; dining room; 3-4 bedrooms; 3-5 baths; 3-6 parking; service quarters; titled; all utilities available

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tourism

 

Between US$450,000 and US$750,000

 

Between 1,500 sq. ft. and 2,150 sq. ft.

 

Kitchen; family room; living room; dining room; 3-4 bedrooms; 3-5 baths; 3-6 parking; service quarters; titled; all utilities available

 

Government Policy and Available Financing

 

The size of the developer-built market depends to a great extent on the availability of mortgage financing. Due to liquidity issues over the last 20 years, Mexico has experienced fluctuations in the availability of mortgage financing, particularly from private segment sources. As a result, the supply of affordable entry-level and middle-income housing has also remained low during this period.

 

During the 1980s, Mexican government policy focused on encouraging investment by the private sector, reducing development costs, and stimulating construction. Mexican Housing Funds provided mortgage loan guarantees and direct payment and savings procedures. In 1994, Mexico experienced an economic crisis that led to the devaluation of the Mexican peso and a steep rise in

 

24



 

interest rates. Smaller housing development companies went out of business, and the industry experienced a sharp fall in home sales between 1995 and 1996 due to diminished commercial bank lending.

 

Following the 1994 economic crisis, government policy sought to counterbalance the shortage of available financing and the increases in interest rates that resulted by focusing primarily on providing mortgages and construction financing via Mexican Housing Funds in the affordable entry-level segment. Government funds no longer provided development or sales activities and functioned instead as true savings-and-loan programs. Legislative reforms with regard to community-owned agricultural territories (ejidos), which made it possible to sell these formerly restricted properties, also increased the potential supply of land available for development. During this period, the government authorized sofoles, which underwrite mortgages with funds and guarantees provided by government agencies, private investment, national, foreign or development bank loans, or through the Mexican capital markets. Furthermore, the government encouraged industry growth and private segment lending by supporting consolidation in the housing development industry.

 

Between 1997 and 1998, home sales stabilized, growing slightly in 1997 due to improving economic conditions. During 1999 and 2000, mortgage financing increased due to stabilizing economic conditions. The level of available financing has continued to grow as a result of Mexican government policies. President Calderón’s administration’s goal is to finance six million mortgages during his administration. As of 2008, 3.2 million mortgages have already been financed, satisfying 51% of the administration’s goal. Out of the 3.2 million mortgages that have been financed, 66% are related to mortgages granted for new homes. President Calderón’s administration has supported four objectives for the homebuilding industry originally set forth by President Fox:

 

·                   make more adequate land available, including infrastructure such as sewage and utilities;

 

·                   increase deregulation of the housing industry;

 

·                   encourage consolidation within the industry; and

 

·                   increase financing opportunities available to qualified homebuyers.

 

In conjunction with these efforts, the Mexican legislature amended existing tax regulations in order to allow individuals to deduct a portion of their mortgage loan interest payments from their personal income taxes beginning in 2003, which the administration expects will lead to increased mortgage financing activity.

 

Recently, the Mexican government implemented a new program to meet the housing needs of families in the very low end of the economic spectrum, a sector of the population whose monthly income would otherwise be insufficient for them to be able to afford the lower valued homes in the market. This program demonstrates the commitment of the Mexican Federal government to improving the quality of life for families in Mexico by providing affordable housing.

 

According to CONAVI, for the year ended December 31, 2008, 1,084,333 mortgages were granted by the Mexican Housing Funds.

 

The current President, Felipe Calderón, has indicated that he will continue to support and promote the housing industry on three main lines: urban development, very affordable housing through the federal housing subsidy program for low income families, and home improvement. His administration’s goal is for the Mexican Housing Funds to provide six million mortgages by 2012.

 

Sources of Mortgage Financing

 

Principal sources providing mortgage financing for Mexico’s housing market are:

 

·                     mortgage providers financed by mandatory employer or member contributions to public funds, including INFONAVIT & FOVISSSTE, serving private and public segment employees;

 

·                     SHF, which provides financing to credit-qualified homebuyers through financial intermediaries such as commercial banks, sofoles and sofomes through funds from the World Bank, the Mexican government, and its own portfolio;

 

·                     commercial banks and sofoles using their own funds; and

 

·                     direct subsidies from public housing agencies and state housing trusts, including the Mexican Fund for Popular

 

25



 

Housing, or FONHAPO (Fideicomiso Fondo Nacional de Habitaciones Populares).

 

According to CONAVI, these mortgage providers originated 1,084,333 home mortgages in 2008 from which 716,915 mortgages were granted for new homes.

 

INFONAVIT

 

INFONAVIT was established by the Mexican government, labor unions, and private segment employees in 1972 as a mutual fund for the benefit of private segment employees. INFONAVIT functions as a savings and loan that provides financing primarily for affordable entry-level housing to credit-qualified homebuyers. INFONAVIT makes loans for home construction, acquisition or improvement to workers whose individual monthly earnings are generally less than five times the minimum monthly wage. It is funded through payroll contributions by private segment employers on behalf of their employees equal to 5% of their employees’ gross wages.

 

Homebuyers qualify for INFONAVIT loans according to a point system whereby points are awarded based on income, age, amount of monthly contributions, and number of dependents, among other factors.

 

INFONAVIT is phasing in a requirement that mortgage loan applicants make a down payment of between 5% to 10% of a home’s total value, depending on price. The total loan amount may equal 100% of the cost of a home up to a maximum of 350 times the monthly minimum wage. Repayment is calculated based on the borrower’s wages, for a term of up to 30 years, and is made by direct wage deductions by employers. INFONAVIT generally grants loans at variable annual interest rates, which are indexed to inflation and based on a borrower’s income.

 

INFONAVIT has a program called Apoyo INFONAVIT that is directed at assisting higher-income borrowers obtain mortgage financing. Apoyo INFONAVIT customers can use the amounts contributed via payroll deductions to their INFONAVIT accounts as collateral for mortgage loans held by private segment lenders. In addition, these customers can apply their monthly INFONAVIT contributions toward the monthly mortgage payments owed to private segment lenders.

 

In 2007, INFONAVIT inaugurated a new program called Cofinanciamiento, or Cofinavit, which is meant to assist high-income borrowers in a manner similar to the Apoyo INFONAVIT program. This program enables Cofinavit customers to obtain a mortgage loan granted by INFONAVIT in conjunction with a commercial bank or a sofol. In addition, the customers can use their individual contributions in their INFONAVIT accounts as part of the financing or as collateral for the mortgage loan.

 

In addition, during late 2004 and early 2005, INFONAVIT initiated a new mortgage financing system, enabling it to expedite the issuance of mortgages in response to public demand by reducing documentation necessary for initial processing thereby helping it to achieve its year-end goals. In addition, this new system enhances transparency and quality of service in connection with mortgage services.

 

Early in 2009, INFONAVIT launched a guarantee program (Garantía Infonavit) designed to provide assistance to borrowers who have lost their job, borrowers who have had their wages decreased, and borrowers suffering economic difficulties due to age or sickness. The program provides mortgage relief to borrowers who have lost their jobs by: (1) allowing for a one-year grace period with no interest or principal payment; (2) providing partial unemployment insurance, where borrowers pay a minimum required payment of 10.64 times the daily minimum wage in Mexico City and receive a 50% discount on their accrued interest payments; and (3) providing a payment protection program, where borrowers pay a minimum fee of 2% of their monthly mortgage and are protected for up to 6 months every 5 years. The guarantee program also provides relief to borrowers who have had their wages reduced by allowing these borrowers to take advantage of mortgage payment reductions of up to 25% monthly, reductions corresponding to the borrowers’ new salary, and other adjustments depending on the borrowers’ individual circumstances. Additionally, the guarantee program provides assistance to borrowers seeking to prepay their mortgages by offering a 30% discount for prepayment of mortgages entered into prior to July 31, 1995, a 10% discount for mortgages in good standing that are at least two years old.

 

INFONAVIT provided approximately 35.2% of all home mortgage financing in Mexico during the year ended December 31, 2008.

 

INFONAVIT has made a commitment to provide 450,000 new mortgages in 2009. In addition, this agency has agreed to guarantee mortgage loans granted to employees by commercial banks and sofoles in the case of job loss. INFONAVIT expects to continue to modernize its operations and increase available financing by focusing on reducing payment defaults, participating more closely with the private segment, and implementing a voluntary savings program. INFONAVIT has also recently continued securitizing its loan portfolio in order to contribute to the growth of the secondary mortgage market in Mexico and expand its available sources of

 

26



 

funds.

 

The forecasted INFONAVIT lending goal for 2009-2013 period has been recently announced as follows:

 

Year

 

Mortgages

 

2009

 

450,000

 

2010

 

500,000

 

2011

 

550,000

 

2012

 

600,000

 

2013

 

600,000

 

 

FOVISSSTE

 

The Mexican government established FOVISSSTE in 1972 as a pension fund on behalf of public sector employees to provide financing for affordable housing. FOVISSSTE obtains funds from Mexican government contributions equal to 5% of public sector employee wages. The Mexican government administers FOVISSSTE similarly to INFONAVIT and permits FOVISSSTE to co-finance mortgage loans with private sector lenders in order to maximize available funds.

 

FOVISSSTE mortgage financing is typically available for housing ranging from the affordable entry-level segment through the lower end of the middle-income segment. Eligible applicants can obtain FOVISSSTE mortgage loans to purchase new or used homes, remodel or repair existing homes, finance construction of self-built homes, and make down payments on homes not financed through FOVISSSTE. FOVISSSTE loans are granted based on seniority within the public sector and allocated on a first-come first-served basis that also takes into account wages, number of dependents, and geographic location. Once the program establishes a number of approved applicants, it allocates mortgage loans by state based on historical demand.

 

FOVISSSTE generally grants loans at variable interest rates, indexed to inflation, for a maximum amount of approximately Ps.504,533 (US$36,616). Repayment is calculated based on the borrower’s wages, for a term of up to 30 years, and is made by direct wage deductions.

 

FOVISSSTE provided approximately 6.4% of all home mortgage financing in Mexico during the year ended December 31, 2008.

 

SHF

 

SHF was created in 2002 as a public sector development bank. SHF obtains funds from the World Bank, the Mexican government, and SHF’s own portfolio and provides financing through intermediaries such as commercial banks and sofoles. In turn, financial intermediaries administer SHF-sponsored mortgage loans, including disbursement and servicing.

 

Traditionally, SHF has been an important source of construction financing for housing developers by providing loans to commercial banks, sofoles and sofomes (which in turn make direct bridge loans to developers). As of September 1, 2004, however, SHF provided funding for bridge loans only for homes with a purchase price of up to UDI 166,667 (approximately US$50,613 as of December 31, 2008). In lieu of funding bridge loans for homes with a higher purchase price of up to UDI 500,000 (approximately US$151,838 as of December 31, 2008), SHF will provide guarantees to support efforts by commercial banks and sofoles to raise capital for the financing of bridge loans to build such homes.

 

In addition, SHF makes financing available to commercial banks and sofoles for the purpose of providing individual home mortgages for affordable entry-level and middle-income homes. Historically, SHF has only financed a total amount equal to 80% to 90% of a home’s value, generally for a maximum of approximately UDI 500,000 (approximately US$151,838 as of December 31, 2008). Beginning in 2005, however, in order to maximize the availability of affordable entry-level mortgages, SHF has replaced its financing of mortgages for homes with a purchase price greater than UDI 150,000 (approximately US$45,551 as of December 31, 2008) with credit enhancements and loan guarantees for commercial banks and sofoles to support their capital-raising efforts for the financing of such individual mortgage loans. In terms of total homes financed, SHF (through commercial banks and sofoles) provided approximately 9.1% of all home mortgage financing in Mexico during the year ended December 31, 2008.

 

In connection with its mortgage financing operations, SHF also took an active role in issuing mortgage backed securities (Bonos Respaldados Por Hipotecas or “BORHIS”) as well as market making in these securities during 2008.  In addition, SHF reviews issuances of BORHIS to ensure that they comply with market eligibility requirements and criteria, and provides information

 

27



 

and analysis regarding historical information, risk of default, and market evolution concerning BORHIS issuances. By engaging in market-making activities and providing mortgage financing to underserved segments of the population, SHF also provided liquidity to the Mexican housing market. Additionally, SHF has committed to focus its strategy on the promotion of Self-Sustainable Housing Environments (Desarrollos Urbanos Integrales Sustentales or “DUIS”) and in the re-population of urban areas.

 

Commercial Banks, Sofoles and Sofomes

 

Commercial banks generally target the middle-income and residential markets while sofoles generally target the affordable entry-level housing market and a portion of the middle-income housing market using SHF financing, and the balance of the middle-income housing market as well as the residential housing market using other sources of funding. Sofoles and sofomes provide mortgage loans to borrowers using funds from securities offerings on the Mexican stock market, loans from Mexican and foreign lenders, their own portfolios, and public agencies such as SHF. They are not allowed to accept deposits from the public.

 

Although commercial banks, sofoles and sofomes provide mortgage financing directly to homebuyers, the financing is commonly coordinated through the home builder. In order to obtain funding for construction, a home builder must submit proposals, including evidence of title to the land to be developed, architectural plans, necessary licenses and permits, and market studies demonstrating demand for the proposed housing. On approval, lenders provide construction financing and disburse funds at each stage of the housing development.

 

Commercial bank, sofol and sofom mortgage loans are typically available for housing ranging from the upper tier of the affordable entry-level segment through the residential segment. Nevertheless, during 2008 homebuyers qualifying for these private segment mortgages were generally assumed to be those purchasing homes with a value in excess of Ps.250,000 (US$18,144). Private segment lenders require down payments of approximately 20% of a home’s total value and make loans at fixed or variable annual interest rates based on the consumer index and inflation.

 

Commercial bank, sofol and sofom mortgage loans generally mature in 10 to 30 years, and payments are sometimes adjusted for increases in the monthly minimum wage and rates of inflation.

 

Commercial banks, sofoles and sofomes provided approximately 14.7% of all home mortgage financing in Mexico during the year ended December 31, 2008.

 

Other Public Housing Agencies

 

Other public housing agencies such as FONHAPO, CONAVI and OREVIS (Organismos Estatales de Vivienda), operate at the federal and local levels and target mainly non-salaried workers earning less than 25 times the minimum annual wage, often through direct subsidies. These agencies lend directly to organizations such as state and municipal housing authorities, housing cooperatives, and credit unions representing low-income beneficiaries, as well as to individual borrowers. Financing is made available to both the self-built and developer-built markets. The total amount of available funds depends on the Mexican government budget.

 

Other public housing agencies provided approximately 34.6% of all home mortgage financing in Mexico during the year ended December 31, 2008.

 

Competition

 

The Mexican home development and construction industry is highly fragmented and includes a large number of regional participants and a few companies with a more national market presence, including publicly traded companies like Corporación GEO, S.A.B. de C.V., Consorcio ARA, S.A.B. de C.V, SARE, S.A.B. de C.V. and URBI Desarrollos Urbanos, S.A.B. de C.V.

 

All things considered, we estimate that approximately 2,000 different companies operate approximately 5,097 new home developments in Mexico at any one time. The following table sets forth the approximate operating information of the largest home builders in Mexico with which we compete based on public information and our estimates:

 

Competitor

 

2008 Home Sales

 

2008 Sales
(millions of Ps.)

 

Location in Mexico

 

GEO

 

51,879

 

17,453

 

National

 

URBI

 

42,844

 

15,003

 

North, Mexico City and Guadalajara areas

 

ARA

 

20,972

 

8,912

 

National

 

SARE

 

11,377

 

4,626

 

Mexico City region

 

 

28



 

Source: Companies’ 2008 fourth quarter financial releases.

 

We believe that we are well-positioned to capture future growth opportunities in the affordable entry-level and middle-income housing segments because of our principal business strengths and strategies, as described above.

 

Seasonality

 

The Mexican affordable entry-level housing market experiences significant seasonality during the year, principally due to the operational and lending cycles of INFONAVIT and FOVISSSTE. The programs, budgets, and changes in the authorized policies of these mortgage lenders are approved during the first quarter of the year. Payment by these lenders for home deliveries is slow at the beginning of the year and increases gradually through the second and third quarters with a rapid acceleration in the fourth quarter. We build and deliver affordable entry-level homes based on the seasonality of this cycle because we do not begin construction of these homes until a mortgage provider commits mortgage financing to a qualified homebuyer in a particular development. Accordingly, we also tend to recognize significantly higher levels of revenue in the third and fourth quarters and our debt levels tend to be highest in the first and second quarters. We budget the majority of our purchases for the second half of the year to coincide with peak cash flows. We anticipate that our quarterly results of operations and our level of indebtedness will continue to experience variability from quarter to quarter in the future. Mortgage commitments from commercial banks, sofoles and sofomes for middle-income housing are generally not subject to significant seasonality. We do not expect significant changes in the overall seasonality of our results.

 

Marketing

 

We develop customer awareness through our marketing and promotion efforts and referrals from satisfied customers. Through surveys we conduct through our marketing department and with sales agents, we gather demographic and market information to help us gauge the feasibility of new developments. We use these surveys to target groups of customers who share common characteristics or have common needs and offer packages of services, including housing models and financing sources, tailored to these groups.

 

We conduct advertising and promotional campaigns principally through print media, including billboards, fliers, and brochures designed specifically for the target market, as well as local radio and television. Moreover, we complement these campaigns with additional advertising efforts, including booths at shopping centers and other high traffic areas, to promote open houses and other events. In some locations, we work with local employers and other groups to offer our homes to their employees or members and rely on positive word-of-mouth from satisfied customers for a large percentage of our sales. We also employ specially-trained salespeople to market our middle-income homes.

 

Sales

 

In general, we make sales either at sales offices or model homes. Using data we gather through our marketing efforts, we open sales offices in areas where we identify demand. As of December 31, 2008, we operated 95 sales offices, one in each of the developments we have established. Similarly, once we have purchased land and planned a development in regions we have identified as underserved, we build and furnish model homes to display to prospective customers. We have sales offices in each of our branches where trained corporate sales representatives are available to provide customers with relevant information about our products, including financing, technical development characteristics, and information about our competitors and their products. We provide the same information through trained corporate sales representatives at model homes. During 2005 we changed our method of compensating our sales agents to an exclusively performance-based commission method, typically 1.8% of the total home price.

 

We provide our customers with assistance through our sales departments from the moment they contact us, during the process of obtaining financing, and through the steps of establishing title to their new home. We have specialized sales areas in each of our offices that advise customers on financing options, collecting necessary documentation, and applying for a loan. We also help to design down payment plans tailored to each customer’s economic situation. Once houses are sold and delivered, our specialized teams are available to respond to technical questions or problems during the two-year warranty period following the delivery.

 

Customer Financing

 

We assist qualified homebuyers in obtaining mortgage financing by participating in all the stages of applying for and

 

29



 

securing mortgage loans from housing funds, commercial banks, and sofoles.

 

For sales of affordable entry-level homes, the process of obtaining customer financing generally occurs as follows:

 

·                   a potential homebuyer enters into an agreement by signing a purchase application and furnishes the necessary documentation to us;

 

·                   we review the documentation to determine whether all the requirements of the relevant mortgage provider have been met;

 

·                   we create an electronic credit file for each homebuyer and submit it to the relevant mortgage provider for approval;

 

·                   we supervise and administer each client file via our database through all the phases of its processing and arrange for signing the required documentation once approval has been obtained;

 

·                   the homebuyer makes any required down payment;

 

·                   once the home has been completed, the homebuyer signs the deed of transfer of title and the mortgage agreement; and

 

·                   we deliver the home to the homebuyer and register the title.

 

For sales of middle-income homes, the process of obtaining customer financing occurs as above, except that we collect a down payment of between 10% to 25% of a home’s total sale price immediately following the homebuyer’s execution of the purchase application, and the homebuyer signs the deed of transfer of title and the mortgage agreement when the home is at least 95% complete.

 

In all cases, the procedures and requirements for obtaining mortgage financing are determined by the mortgage provider.

 

We have not experienced and do not expect to experience losses resulting from rejections by homebuyers of their purchase applications because we generally have been able to locate other buyers immediately in these cases.

 

The purchase price of the homes we sell is denominated in pesos and is subject to an upward adjustment for the effects of inflation. In cases where the price of a home is subject to adjustment and increases due to inflation, any difference is payable by the homebuyer.

 

Design

 

Most of the designs that we use in our construction we develop internally. Our architects and engineers are trained to design structures to maximize efficiency and minimize production costs. Our standardized modular designs, which focus on quality and size of construction, allow us to build our homes quickly and efficiently. By allowing our customers to upgrade finishing details on a custom basis after homes are delivered, we experience savings that allow us to build larger homes than our competitors.

 

We use advanced computer-assisted design systems and combine market research data in order to plan potential developments. We believe that our comprehensive design and planning systems, which are intended to reduce costs, maintain competitive prices, and increase sales, constitute a significant competitive advantage in the affordable entry-level housing market. In order to further enhance the residential nature of our communities, we often design our developments as gated communities, install infrastructure for security surveillance, and arrange street layouts to foster road safety. We continue to invest in the development of design and planning construction systems to further reduce costs and continue to meet clients’ needs.

 

Construction

 

We manage the construction of each development directly, coordinate the activities of our laborers and suppliers, oversee quality and cost controls, and ensure compliance with zoning and building codes. We have developed efficient, durable, and low-cost construction techniques, based on standardized tasks, which we are able to replicate at all of our developments. We pay each laborer according to the number of tasks completed. We generally subcontract preliminary site work and infrastructure development such as roads, sewage and utilities. Currently, we also subcontract the construction of a limited number of multi-unit middle-income apartment buildings in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area.

 

Our designs are based on modular forms with defined parameters at each stage of construction, which are closely controlled

 

30



 

by our central information technology systems. Our methods result in low construction costs and high quality products. We use substantially similar materials to build our middle-income homes, with higher quality components for certain finishing details and fixtures.

 

During 2007, the Company acquired cutting-edge construction technology based on aluminum molds; this new technology will improve the efficiency of the construction process. Among the advantages are the shorter construction time; better quality and reduced reprocessing; re-use of the same mold for several prototypes of homes, with an estimated life of 2,000 usages per mold; versatility, because the molds permit construction ranging from simple floors to apartment buildings using the same system; labor savings; compatibility among international suppliers; eco-friendliness because, unlike traditional construction methods, mold construction does not utilize timber; and durability, due to the use of concrete. As of December 31, 2008 we had used this technology in the construction of 25,874 homes.

 

Materials and Suppliers

 

We maintain strict control over our building materials through a sophisticated electronic barcode identification system that tracks deliveries and monitors all uses of supplies. In general, we reduce costs by negotiating supply arrangements at the corporate level for the basic materials used in the construction of our homes, including concrete, concrete block, steel, windows, doors, roof tiles, and plumbing fixtures. We take advantage of economies of scale in contracting for materials and services in every situation and seek to establish excellent working relationships with our suppliers. In order to better manage our working capital, we also arrange lines of credit for many of our suppliers through a factoring program sponsored by Nacional Financiera, S.N.C., or NAFINSA, a Mexican government-owned development bank, as well as certain additional financial institutions. We guarantee a portion of the financing provided to some of our suppliers for materials we buy from them during construction and repay these lenders directly with funds received when homes are delivered, which allows us to ensure suppliers are paid on time while minimizing our need to secure construction financing.

 

Our main suppliers include Cemex, S.A. de C.V., Lámina y Placa Comercial, S.A. de C.V., Aceros Turia, S.A. de C.V., Aceros de Toluca, S.A. de C.V., Electroferretera Orvi, S.A. de C.V., Distribuidora Jama, S.A. de C.V., KS Tubería, S.A. de C.V., Prefabricados y Sistemas, S.A. de C.V., Industrial Bloquera Mexicana, S.A. de C.V., Sanitarios Azulejos y Recubrimientos, S.A. de C.V., Mexicana de Laminación, S.A. de C.V., Coacero, S.A. de C.V., Aceros el Arbol, S.A. de C.V., Grupo Forestal el Nayar, S.A. de C.V., Materiales para Construcción los Grandes, S.A. de C.V., Distribuidora de Acero Comercial, S.A. de C.V., Armasel, S.A. de C.V., Distribuidora Tamex, S.A. de C.V., Masonite de México, S.A. de C.V., Termoplásticos del Centro, S.A. de C.V. and Logística Distribución y Servicios, S.A. de C.V.

 

Substantially all of the materials that we use are manufactured in Mexico and are delivered to our sites from the supplier’s local facilities on a time-efficient basis designed to keep low levels of inventory on hand. Our principal materials and supplies are readily available from multiple sources and we have not experienced any shortages or supply interruptions.

 

Labor

 

As of December 31, 2008 we had a total of approximately 17,280 employees, of whom 17,251 were employed in Mexico and 29 were employed in India. Our total employees for the years ended 2007 and 2006 were 15,127 and 11,948 respectively. The Company did not have any employees outside Mexico for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006. Approximately 5,524 of our employees as of December 31, 2008 were administrative and managerial personnel.

 

We hire local labor forces for specific housing developments in each region that we operate in, as well as experienced in-house personnel for supervisory and highly skilled work. We have an efficient information technology system that controls payroll costs. Our systems, using bar-coded identification cards, track the number of tasks completed by each employee according to the parameters of our modular construction designs, assign salaries according to tasks and homes completed, and award incentives for each stage of the development based on team performance. We also streamline governmental and social security costs for our workforce using a strict attendance control system that captures information fed via our system through workers’ identification cards.

 

We have implemented programs throughout Homex to assist our employees in obtaining elementary and middle-school equivalency degrees. We believe that these programs enhance our ability to attract and retain high quality employees. In 2004, 2005, 2007 and 2008 we were named as one of the top 100 “Great Places to Work” in Mexico by the Great Place to Work Institute, which is based in the United States.

 

31



 

As of December 31, 2008, approximately 42% of our construction employees were members of a national labor union of construction workers. The economic terms of our collective bargaining agreements are negotiated on an annual basis. All other terms and conditions of these agreements are negotiated every other year. We believe that we have an excellent working relationship with our workforce. We have not experienced a labor strike or any significant labor-related delay to date.

 

Customer Services and Warranties

 

The Company holds insurance that covers defects, hidden or visible, during construction and which also covers the warranty period provided by the Company to homebuyers. As mentioned in Note 25 to the financial statements, we provide a two-year warranty to all of our customers. This warranty could apply to damages derived either from our operations or from defects in materials supplied by third parties (such as electrical installations, plumbing, gas, waterproofing, etc.) or other circumstances outside our control.

 

For manufacturing defects, we do not recognize a warranty accrual in our consolidated financial statements since we obtain a security bond from our contractors that covers the claims related to the quality of their work. We withhold a guarantee deposit from them, which is reimbursed to our contractors once the warranty for manufacturing defects period expires. Generally, the warranty period lasts for one year after the contractors complete their work and covers any visible or hidden defect. We believe that at December 31, 2008 we had no unrecorded losses with respect to these warranties.

 

Community Services

 

We seek to foster brand loyalty after construction is complete, by strengthening community relations in the developments we build. As part of agreements with potential customers and governmental authorities, we donate land and build community infrastructure such as schools, day-care centers, churches, and green areas, often amounting to 10% to 15% of the total land area of the developments we construct. For a period of 18 months, we also provide for community development specialists to assist in promoting community relations in certain developments by organizing neighborhood events such as competitions for beautiful homes and gardens.

 

International Investments

 

In March 2008, the Company set up a subsidiary in India, Homex India Private Limited (formerly known as Daksh Builders and Developers Private Limited), through which it intends to develop land for the construction of affordable entry-level and middle-income housing. The Company has complied with the applicable Indian investment laws, which require that our subsidiary maintain adequate capital in the amount of US$10 million. During 2008, our subsidiary cancelled its intended investment in the state of Jammu and Kashmir and is currently evaluating several other projects. As of December 31, 2008 the company had 29 employees in India, all of whom are administrative. These employees assist the company in evaluating the feasibility of other projects in the region.

 

In November 2008, the Company resolved to initiate operations in Brazil and reached an agreement with its original partner to acquire its equity share in Homex Brasil Empreendimentos e Participacoes, Ltda. In April 2009, the Company started its first pilot project in the city of San Jose dos Campos, an industrial city near Sao Paulo. The initial phase of the project will consist of 700 affordable entry-level units of an average price of US$33,000.

 

Effective September 2007, Homex owns 15% of the outstanding stock of Orascom Housing Communities “S.A.E.”, an associated company located in Cairo, Egypt that performs construction and development of entry-level and middle-income housing in Egypt. Assets and revenues from this associated company are not material to the consolidated financial position and statement of operations.

 

Risk Management

 

The Company is exposed both to general entrepreneurial risks and to industry-specific risks. Key areas of exposure are capacity and utilization risks, strategy-related risks, political risks, operational risks, procurement risks, wage policy risks, IT risks and financial and treasury management risks. The Company’s risk management strategy permits the exploitation of business opportunities that present themselves as long as a risk-return ratio in line with market conditions can be realized and the associated risks are an appropriate and sustainable component value creation.

 

Sensible management of entrepreneurial opportunities and business risks is an integral part of the Company’s corporate management and decision-making. Consequently, the Company’s system for the timely detection and management of risk consists of a large number of components that are systematically embedded in the entire organization and operational structure of the Company.

 

32



 

There is no autonomous organizational structure; instead, risk management is regarded as a primary responsibility of the managers of all business entities and of the process and project managers in the Company. One of their management responsibilities is to ensure that the staff is also integrated into the risk management system.

 

The Risk Management Committee ensures, on behalf of the Executive Board, that risks are identified and assessed continuously across functions and processes. It is responsible for the system’s constant further refinement and for verifying its effectiveness. It reports to the board of directors. The Committee further develops the basic principles of risk policy and oversees their compliance. It also communicates the Company’s risk policy, defines the documentation requirements and initiates any necessary reviews of specific aspects of the risk management system by the internal audit department.

 

All major potential risks to the Company’s profitability or continued existence are documented in a risk map. This risk map is regularly updated and extended. Potential interdependencies between different risks are duly noted. This measure is designed to ensure that the timely detection, limitation and elimination of these risk systems are regularly reviewed and reinforced.

 

Over and above appropriate insurance solutions, contingency plans tailored to each individual risk situation are in place for the purpose of combating and controlling risks. An analysis of risks, together with the possibilities of limiting and overcoming them, also forms an integral part of the Company’s strategy development process and is incorporated into the Company’s operational planning.

 

Regulation

 

General

 

Our operations are subject to Mexican federal, state and local regulation as a corporation doing business in Mexico. Some of the most relevant statutes, regulations and agencies that govern our operations as a housing development company include the following:

 

·       the Mexican General Human Settlements Law (Ley General de Asentamientos Humanos), which regulates urban development, planning and zoning and delegates to the Mexico City and state governments the authority to promulgate urban development laws and regulations within their jurisdiction, including the Urban Development  Law (Ley de Desarrollo Urbano) of each state where we operate, which regulates state urban development.

 

·       the Mexican Federal Housing Law (Ley Federal de Vivienda), which coordinates the activities of states, municipalities and the private sector within the context of the housing industry. As in effect, the Federal Housing Law seeks to encourage and promote the construction of affordable entry-level housing.

 

·       local Building Regulations (Reglamentos de Construcción) and urban development plans promulgated by the states, Mexico City, and local municipalities, which control building construction, establish the required licenses and permits, and define local zoning and land-use requirements.

 

·       the Mexican INFONAVIT Law (Ley del Instituto del Fondo Nacional de la Vivienda para los Trabajadores), which requires that financing provided by INFONAVIT be granted only to homebuyers of registered developers that participate in public INFONAVIT bidding processes.

 

·       the Federal Mortgage Society Organizational Law (Ley Orgánica de la Sociedad Hipotecaria Federal), which encourages the development of the primary and secondary home mortgage markets by authorizing SHF to grant home mortgage loans pursuant to the Federal Mortgage Society General Financing Conditions (Condiciones Generales de Financiamiento de Sociedad Hipotecaria Federal), which regulate the general terms and conditions on which these loans may be granted.

 

·       the Mexican Federal Consumer Protection Law (Ley Federal de Protección al Consumidor), which promotes and protects consumer rights and seeks to establish equality and legal certainty in relationships between consumers and commercial suppliers.

 

33



 

Environmental

 

Our operations are subject to the Mexican General Environmental Protection Law (Ley General del Equilibrio Ecológico y la Protección al Ambiente), the Mexican General Waste Prevention and Management Law (Ley General para la Prevención y Gestión Integral de los Residuos), and the related regulations. The Mexican Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources (Secretaría del Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales) and the Mexican Federal Environmental Protection Agency (Procuraduría Federal de Protección al Ambiente) are the federal government authorities responsible for enforcing environmental regulations in Mexico, including environmental impact studies, which are required for obtaining land-use permits, investigations and audits, as well as to provide guidelines and procedures regarding the generation, handling, disposal and treatment of hazardous and non-hazardous waste.

 

We are committed to conducting our business operations in a manner that minimizes their environmental impact. Our business processes include procedures that are intended to ensure compliance with the Mexican General Environmental Protection Law, the Mexican General Waste Prevention and Management Law, and the related regulations. In accordance with these laws, we build our homes with aluminum mould metal instead of wooden beams and treat waste water. We plant trees on the land of homes we sell and provide seedlings on land that we donate to our communities. Our internal teams conduct environmental studies for each project and produce environmental reports that are intended to identify environmental issues and assist in project planning in order to minimize adverse environmental effects, such as limiting the felling of trees during the process of urbanizing rural land for use in our developments. Our costs include the cost of complying with applicable environmental regulations. To date, the cost of complying and monitoring compliance with environmental regulations applicable to us has been immaterial.

 

Significant Subsidiaries

 

We are a holding company and conduct our operations through subsidiaries. The table below sets forth our principal subsidiaries as of December 31, 2008.

 

 

 

Jurisdiction
 of

 

Ownership
 percentage

 

 

Name of Company

 

Incorporation

 

2008

 

2007

 

Products/Services

Proyectos Inmobiliarios de Culiacán, S.A. de C.V. (“PICSA”)

 

Mexico

 

100

%

100

%

Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level, middle-income and upper-income housing

Nacional Financiera, S.N.C. Fid. del Fideicomiso AAA Homex 80284

 

Mexico

 

100

%

100

%

Financial services

Administradora Picsa, S.A. de C.V.

 

Mexico

 

100

%

100

%

Administrative services and promotion related to the construction industry

Altos Mandos de Negocios, S.A. de C.V.

 

Mexico

 

100

%

100

%

Administrative services

Aerohomex, S.A. de C.V.

 

Mexico

 

100

%

100

%

Air transportation and lease services

Desarrolladora de Casas del Noroeste, S.A. de C.V. (DECANO)

 

Mexico

 

100

%

100

%

Construction and development of housing complexes

Homex Atizapán, S.A. de C.V.

 

Mexico

 

67

%

67

%

Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level and middle-income housing

Casas Beta del Centro, S. de R.L. de C.V. (1)

 

Mexico

 

100

%

100

%

Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level and middle-income housing

Casas Beta del Norte, S. de R.L. de C.V.

 

Mexico

 

100

%

100

%

Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level housing

Casas Beta del Noroeste, S. de R.L. de C.V.

 

Mexico

 

100

%

100

%

Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level housing

Hogares del Noroeste, S.A. de C.V. (2)

 

Mexico

 

50

%

50

%

Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level and middle-income housing

Opción Homex, S.A. de C.V. (4)

 

Mexico

 

100

%

100

%

Sale, lease and acquisition of properties

Homex Amuéblate, S.A. de C.V. (4)

 

Mexico

 

100

%

100

%

Sale of housing-related products

Homex Global, S.A. de C.V. (3)

 

Mexico

 

100

%

100

%

Holding company for foreign investments

Sofhomex, S.A. de C.V. S.F.O.M. E.R. (4)

 

Mexico

 

100

%

100

%

Financial services

Nacional Financiera, S.N.C. Fid. del Fideicomiso Homex 80584

 

Mexico

 

100

%

100

%

Employee stock option plan administration

HXMTD, S.A. de C.V. (5)

 

Mexico

 

100

%

 

Promotion, design, construction and sale of upper-income tourism housing

Homex Central Marcaria, S.A. de C.V. (5)

 

Mexico

 

100

%

 

Administration of industrial and intellectual property

 

34



 


(1)       Casas Beta del Centro, S. de R.L. de C.V. owns 100% of the outstanding stock of Comercializadora Cántaros, S.A. de C.V. and Super Abastos Centrales y Comerciales, S.A. de C.V. and 50% of the outstanding stock of Promotora Residencial Huehuetoca, S.A. de C.V. (Huehuetoca), which are engaged in the promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level housing.

 

(2)       Hogares del Noroeste, S. A. de C.V. is a 50% owned and controlled subsidiary of Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V., which is engaged in the promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level and middle-income housing. This entity is fully consolidated in accordance with the guidance included in Bulletin B-8 Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements and Valuation of Permanent Investments, since the Company has control of this subsidiary.

 

(3)       Homex Global, S.A. de C.V, (Homex Global) owns the outstanding stock of the following companies:

 

(a)       Effective March 2008, Homex Global owns 100% of the outstanding stock of Homex India Private Limited, a subsidiary located in India and engaged in the construction and development of entry-level and middle-income housing in India. This company had no significant operations during 2008.

 

(b)       Effective September 2007, Homex Global owns 15% of the outstanding stock of Orascom Housing Communities “S.A.E.”, an associated company located in Cairo, Egypt that performs the construction and development of entry-level and middle-income housing in Egypt.

 

(c)       Effective February 2008, Homex Global owns 100% of the outstanding stock of Desarrolladora de Sudamérica, S.A. de C.V., a Mexican company that had no operations during 2008.

 

(d)       Effective November 2008, Homex Global owns 100% of the outstanding common stock of Homex Brasil Incorporacoes a Construcoes Limitada (“Homex Brasil”), through its subsidiaries Éxito Construcoes e Participacoes Limitada and HMX Empreendimentos Imobiliarios Limitada. Homex Brasil intends to perform construction and development of entry-level and middle-income housing in Sao Paulo, Brazil. However, it had no significant operations during 2008.

 

(4)      These companies were incorporated in 2007; however, they had no significant operations during 2007 and 2008.

 

(5)      These companies were incorporated in 2008; however, they had no significant operations during 2008.

 

ITEM 4A.          Unresolved Staff Comments.

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 5.             Operating and Financial Review and Prospects.

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and their

 

35



 

accompanying notes included elsewhere herein. Our consolidated financial statements and other financial information included in this annual report, unless otherwise specified, are stated in pesos for the year ended December 31, 2008 and in constant pesos as of December 31, 2007 for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006. Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (MFRS), which differ in certain respects from US GAAP as described in Notes 28 and 29 to our audited consolidated financial statements.

 

This annual report contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed below and elsewhere in this annual report, particularly in “Forward-Looking Statements” and “Item 3. Key Information.”

 

Critical Accounting Estimates

 

Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with MFRS, which require that we make certain estimates and use certain assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes. Although these estimates are based on our best knowledge of current events, actual results may differ. Our critical accounting estimates are listed below:

 

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

 

We are required to apply the purchase method of accounting for all business combinations, which requires the recognition of certain acquired intangible assets separate from goodwill. Goodwill and other intangibles determined to have an indefinite life are no longer to be amortized but are to be tested for impairment at least annually. In our allocation of the purchase price of the acquisition of Controladora Casas Beta, S.A. de C.V., we identified and allocated a value to intangible assets totaling Ps.488 million (Ps.455.3 million at historic cost) related to the Beta trademark and Ps.140.4 million (Ps.126.8 million at historic cost) related to the value of the backlog which represents the houses under construction as of the date of the Beta acquisition. As of December 31, 2008, the net book value of the Beta trademark was Ps.136.6 million. The backlog has been completely amortized as of December 31, 2008 and 2007. The valuation of these intangible assets required us to use our judgment. We also recorded goodwill related to the acquisition of Controladora Casas Beta, S.A. de C.V. of Ps.731.8 million. The annual impairment testing requirements require us to use our judgment and could require us to write down the carrying value of our goodwill and other intangible assets in future periods.

 

Revenue and Cost Recognition

 

Pursuant to MFRS, we use the percentage-of-completion method of accounting for revenues and costs, which differs in certain significant respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, referred to as US GAAP. Under MFRS, applying the percentage-of-completion method, we measure the progress towards completion in terms of actual costs incurred versus estimated expenditures for each stage of a development. Also, under the percentage-of-completion method of accounting, revenues for work completed are recognized prior to receipt of actual cash proceeds. We receive consideration from the sale of a home at closing when title to the home is transferred to the homebuyer. We include revenues in excess of billings as accounts receivable on our balance sheet, and any cash proceeds we receive as advance payments prior to completion of the actual work related to the payments, including customer down payments, are included in current liabilities as advances from customers. See Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements.

 

The percentage-of-completion method of accounting requires us to determine on a monthly basis the percentage-of-completion of each stage of a development based on actual expenditures incurred to date versus estimated expenditures. To the extent that the actual costs of a development stage differ from the estimated costs incurred, our recognized revenues could change.  In addition, to the extent that estimated revenues derived from home sales per development stage differ from revenues derived from home deliveries per development stage, our recognized revenues could change.

 

We apply the percentage-of-completion method to recognize revenues from our housing development subject to the following conditions:

 

·       the homebuyer has submitted all required documents in order to obtain financing from the mortgage lender;

 

·       the Company has established that the homebuyer will obtain the required financing from the mortgage lender;

 

36



 

·       the homebuyer has signed a purchase application for the processing and granting of a loan to buy a property to be used as housing; and

 

·       the homebuyer has made a down payment, where down payments are required.

 

The variations in the Company’s gross profit and operating profit arise due to the stated differences related to cost and revenues recognition between MFRS and US GAAP. In 2008, revenues under MFRS were Ps.18,850 million while revenues under US GAAP were Ps.14,885 million. In 2007, revenues under MFRS were Ps.16,222 million while revenues under US GAAP were Ps.13,850 million. See Notes 27 and 28 to our audited consolidated financial statements for a further discussion of differences between MFRS and US GAAP as they relate to our consolidated financial statements.

 

In 2008, total units closed were 41,679 units compared to 57,498 units sold. The lower volume in units closed compared to units sold is primarily due to our increased participation in the construction of nearly-completed vertical building projects which take longer to build, sell and collect. In addition, the volume of total units closed was also impacted as a result of the continued delay in the disbursement of Federal Government subsidies in certain cities. Further, our volume of units closed is related to a slowdown in the collection process through FOVISSSTE, who employs sofoles to make payments which result in delays in the payment process.

 

Income Taxes

 

We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the differences between the financial statements, carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities. We regularly review our deferred tax assets for recoverability and, if necessary, establish a valuation allowance based on historical taxable income, projected future taxable income and the expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences. If these estimates and related assumptions change in the future, we may be required to record a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets resulting in additional income tax expense. See Notes 3 and 23 to our consolidated financial statements.

 

OPERATING RESULTS

 

The following table sets forth selected data for the periods indicated, stated in nominal pesos for the year ended December 31, 2008 and in constant pesos as of December 31, 2007 for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006. The table also sets forth the data as a percentage of our total revenues:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

 

 

(in thousands of  Mexican pesos (Ps.))

 

MFRS:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues

 

Ps.

18,850,496

 

Ps.

16,222,524

 

Ps.

13,439,519

 

Costs

 

13,473,257

 

11,041,456

 

9,191,005

 

Gross profit

 

5,377,239

 

5,181,068

 

4,248,514

 

Selling and administrative expenses

 

2,377,646

 

1,798,429

 

1,359,147

 

Income from operations

 

2,999,593

 

3,382,639

 

2,889,367

 

Other (expenses) income, net

 

(109,926

)

209,223

 

11,004

 

Net comprehensive financing cost (1)

 

558,485

 

278,904

 

790,969

 

Income tax expense

 

712,175

 

951,280

 

669,843

 

Net income

 

Ps.

1,619,007

 

Ps.

2,361,678

 

Ps.

1,439,559

 

 

 

 

(as a percentage of sales)

 

MFRS:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues

 

100.0

%

100.0

%

100.0

%

Costs

 

71.5

%

68.0

%

68.4

%

Gross profit

 

28.5

%

31.9

%

31.6

%

Selling and administrative expenses

 

12.6

%

11.0

%

10.1

%

Income from operations

 

15.9

%

20.8

%

21.5

%

Other (expenses) income, net

 

(0.6

)%

1.2

%

0.0

%

Net comprehensive financing cost

 

3.0

%

1.7

%

5.9

%

Income tax expense

 

3.7

%

5.8

%

4.9

%

Net income

 

8.6

%

14.6

%

10.7

%

 

37



 


(1)    Represents interest income, interest expense, monetary position gains and losses (for 2007 and 2006), foreign exchange gains and losses and valuation effects of derivative instruments.

 

Results of Operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2008 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2007 - MFRS

 

Revenues

 

Total housing revenues in 2008 increased 16.2% to Ps.18,850.4 million from Ps.16,222.5 million in 2007, primarily due to higher affordable-entry level sales volume and higher average prices in the middle-income segment, where prices increased 4.6% to Ps.817 thousand as of December 31, 2008 from Ps.781 thousand in the same period in the previous year. Affordable entry-level homes represented 77.0% of total revenues in 2008 compared to 77.3% in 2007. Middle-income homes represented 23.0% of total revenues in 2008 compared to 22.6% in 2007. In 2008, other revenues (included in revenues above) decreased 34.9% to of Ps.100 million, compared to Ps. 153.6 million in 2007. The reduction is mainly due to increased internal use of our prefabricated construction materials, ready-mix concrete and concrete blocks, consequently leading to lower sales of these products to third parties.

 

Units sold in 2008 increased 11.3% to 57,498 homes, from 51,672 homes in 2007 primarily due to the Company’s focus on affordable-entry level and low-cost products and the availability of mortgage financing in this segment through INFONAVIT and FOVISSSTE. Affordable entry-level sales volume increased to 52,209 homes in 2008 or 90.8% of total sales volume compared to 90.4% in 2007. Middle-income sales volume increased 6.2% to 5,289 homes in 2008 compared to 4,982 homes in 2007 primarily due to the availability of mortgages for this segment through co-financing products from INFONAVIT, FOVISSSTE and commercial banks.

 

Gross Profit

 

Gross profit decreased to 28.5% in 2008 from 31.9% in 2007, due to the effects of MFRS D-6.  Pursuant to the application of MFRS D-6 in 2007, the Company is required to capitalize its Comprehensive Financing Cost (“CFC”), which includes the interest expense, exchange loss and monetary position (until December 31, 2007). In 2008, the Company’s foreign exchange loss increased 970% to Ps.714 million compared to a foreign exchange gain of Ps.82 million in 2007, which  was caused by the depreciation of the Mexican peso relative to the US dollar. Likewise, interest expense increased 28% to Ps. 765 million in 2008 compared to Ps. 597 million in 2007. The increase in our capitalization during 2008 ultimately caused the Company’s CFC to increase 721% to Ps. 977 million compared to Ps.119 million in 2007.

 

Costs of sales increased by 22.0% in 2008 to Ps.13,473.3 million from Ps.11,041.5 million in 2007, due primarily to higher CFC capitalization in 2008 as explained above. As a percentage of total revenues, gross profit decreased 3.4% to 28.5% in 2008 from 31.9% in 2007, primarily due to higher CFC capitalization in 2008. In 2008, the Company’s gross margin measured without considering the application of MFRS D-6 increased 1.0% to 33.7% compared to 32.7% in 2007. The higher margin was mainly due to the increased implementation of aluminum molds in the Company’s projects.

 

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by 32.3% to Ps.2,378 million in 2008 compared to Ps.1,798 million in 2007. As a percentage of total revenues, SG&A expenses increased 1.6% to 12.6% in 2008 compared to 11.0% in 2007. The increase in SG&A-as a percentage of sales was primarily due to severance payments the Company made in connection with a restructuring of our personnel. Further, the Company expanded its marketing efforts, including a nation-wide brand recognition campaign, and the addition of a marketing consultant to apply a new sales technique designed to increase the Company’s market-share.

 

38



 

Income from Operations

 

In 2008, income from operations decreased by 11.3% to Ps.2,999.6 million compared to Ps.3,382.6 millions in 2007. Including the non-cash items, income from operations as a percentage of revenues was 15.9% in 2008 compared to 20.8% in 2007, as a result of the increase in SG&A explained above.

 

Net Comprehensive Financing Cost

 

Net comprehensive financing cost (comprised of interest income, interest expense, foreign exchange gains and losses, valuation effects of derivative instruments and monetary position gains and losses for 2007) increased to Ps.558 million in 2008 compared to Ps.279 million in 2007. The increase is primarily due to the depreciation of the Mexican peso relative to the US dollar, which resulted in a significant increase in the cost of servicing our foreign currency-denominated debt. In 2008, we also incurred a non-recurring loss of Ps.314 million in connection with a foreign-exchange derivative transaction. This foreign-exchange derivative transaction has been terminated as of December 31, 2008. As a percentage of revenues, net CFC increased 1.3% to 3.0% in  2008 compared with 1.7% in 2007.

 

Net interest expense decreased to Ps. 80 million in 2008 from Ps. 205 million in 2007.  The decrease was primarily due to a reduction in interest expense in connection with the capitalization of CFC previously expensed on a current basis, as well as  an increase of 12.2% in interest income to Ps.157 million in 2008 compared to Ps.140 million in 2007.

 

Foreign exchange loss increased 511% in 2008 to Ps.165 million compared to Ps.27 million in 2007. The increase is due to the depreciation of the Mexican peso relative to the US dollar, which resulted in a significant increase in the cost of servicing our foreign currency-denominated debt.

 

Foreign Exchange exposure and currency derivatives

 

As of December 31, 2008, Homex’ US Dollar-denominated debt was mainly limited to a US$250 million bond issued in 2005, with a single principal payment at maturity in 2015. The Company has an interest-only swap that effectively minimizes short and mid-term exchange risk in interest payments. As of December 31, 2008 the fair value of this instrument was a favorable asset position of Ps.66 million.

 

During 2008 the Company had net liabilities position in foreign currency originated by its operations, short and long-term liabilities. Due to such obligations during 2008 the Company entered into hedging derivative financial instruments that were expected to mitigate the risk associated with the exchange loss in the acquisition of foreign currencies. However due to the recent devaluation of the Mexican peso, the Company decided to cancel these derivative instruments. During the year, an amount of Ps.404,601 was debited into the valuation effect of financial instruments accounts.

 

The net accumulated effect in the statement of income of the Principal-Only Swap and Interest-Only Swap for the years ended December 31, 2008 was Ps. (90,639).

 

The net valuation effects of financial instruments for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, were Ps. 313,962, Ps. (147,977) and Ps. 101,895, respectively.

 

Income Tax Expense

 

Income tax expense decreased by 25.1% to Ps. 712.2 million in 2008 compared to Ps.951.3 million in 2007, due principally to decreased income before taxes. The income tax effective rate increased to 31% in 2008 compared to 29% in 2007. The increase in the income tax effective rate between 2008 and 2007 is mainly a result of a recovery of VAT taxes during 2007 for Ps. 395 million that generated non-taxable income.

 

39



 

Majority Net Income

 

Majority net income decreased by 29.2% to Ps.1,580.9 million in 2008 from Ps.2,233.1 million in 2007 as a result of the factors described above.

 

Results of Operations for the Year Ended December 31, 2007 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2006 - MFRS

 

Revenues

 

Total revenues increased by 20.7% to Ps.16,222.5 million in 2007 from Ps.13,439.5 million in 2006, primarily driven by a 16.9% increase in the number of homes sold and 3.1% higher average prices. Affordable entry-level represented 77.3% of total revenues in 2007 compared to 78.4% in 2006, and middle-income represented 22.6% of total revenues in 2007 compared to 21.5% in 2006. We sold 46,690 affordable entry-level homes in 2007, compared to 39,940 affordable entry-level homes in 2006, and sold 4,982 middle-income homes in 2007, compared to 4,192 homes in 2006. In 2007, Homex reported other revenues (included in revenues above) of Ps.153.6 million compared to Ps.194.6 million in 2006. This decline was mainly driven by increased internal use of existing production capacity of our prefabricated construction materials such as block and concrete. This resulted in a reduction of third party sales of block and concrete.

 

Gross Profit

 

Homex generated a gross profit margin of 31.9% in 2007, an increase of 0.3 basis points compared to 31.6% in 2006. The higher margin was mainly driven by the implementation and progressive use of aluminum molds in some of the Company’s projects. Gross profit increased by 22.0% to Ps.5,181.1 million in 2007 from Ps.4,248.5 million in 2006.

 

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses (SG&A)

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by 32.3% to Ps.1,798.4 million in 2007 compared to Ps.1,359.1 million in 2006. The amortization of the “Casas Beta” brand in 2007 resulted in a non-cash impact on SG&A of Ps. 92.9 million, compared to Ps.94.5 million in 2006. As a percentage of total revenues, and excluding the amortization effect of the “Casas Beta” brand, selling, general and administrative expenses increased to 10.5% in 2007 from 9.4% in 2006. The yearly increase was principally the result of our expansion programs.

 

Income from Operations

 

In 2007, income from operations increased by 17.1% to Ps.3,382.6 million compared to Ps.2,889.4 millions in 2006. Including the non-cash items, income from operations as a percentage of revenues was 20.8% in 2007 compared to 21.5% in 2006, as a result of the increase in the SG&A explained above.

 

Net Comprehensive Financing Cost

 

Net comprehensive financing cost or CFC (comprised of interest income, interest expense, monetary position gains and losses, and foreign exchange gains and losses) decreased by 64.7% to Ps.278.9 million in 2007 compared to Ps.790.9 million in 2006. The result reflects the application of the new Mexican Financial Reporting Standard, under Bulletin D-6, which requires the Company to capitalize CFC previously expensed on a current basis. It also reflects the favorable position resulting from the change in the fair value of our SWAP payable, registered in the exchange (gain) loss caption as part of CFC. Net comprehensive financing cost as a percentage of sales decreased to 1.7% in 2007 from 5.9% in 2006.

 

Net interest expense decreased to Ps.204.7 million in 2007 from Ps.565.8 million in 2006, mainly driven by a reduction in interest expense derived from the capitalization of interest included in CFC previously expensed on a current basis and a reduction in the Company’s interest expense as a result of the average debt from our revolving credit lines, as well as an increase in interest income. Interest income increased by 28.9% to Ps. 140.2 million  in 2007 from Ps. 108.8 million in 2006.

 

We had a foreign exchange gain of Ps.121.2 million in 2007 compared to a foreign exchange loss of Ps.148.4 million in 2006, derived mainly from the net changes in the translation of our foreign currency-denominated debt.

 

40



 

Monetary position loss increased from Ps.76.8 million in 2006 to Ps.195.4 million in 2007 as a result of the capitalization of CFC and a decrease in our net monetary liability position.

 

Income Tax Expense

 

Income tax expense increased by 42.0% from Ps.669.8 million in 2006 to Ps.951.3 million in 2007 due principally to increased revenues and income before taxes. The 29% effective income tax rate in 2007 decreased 2% from the 31% effective income tax rate in 2006.

 

The income tax effective rate decreased from 31% in 2006 to 29% in 2007 as a result of the reduction of mandatory income tax rates from 29% in 2006 to 28% in 2007 as well as the benefits associated with VAT recoveries. See Note 23 to our consolidated financial statements.

 

Employee Statutory Profit-Sharing Expense

 

Employee statutory profit-sharing expense decreased by 16.3% to Ps. 30.7 million in 2007 from Ps. 36.7 million in 2006 as a result of lower generated revenues from the subsidiaries that share profits with employees. The employee statutory profit-sharing expense was reclassified to other expenses (income) in 2007.

 

Majority Net Income

 

Majority net income increased by 60.5% to Ps.2,233.1 million in 2007 from Ps.1,391.3 million in 2006 as a result of the factors described above.

 

Results of Operation — Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008 — US GAAP

 

As disclosed in Note 28 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements, the primary differences between the Company’s financial statements prepared under MFRS and US GAAP relate to revenue and cost recognition for construction projects, although certain smaller differences exist for other accounts.

 

In 2008, revenues under MFRS were Ps.18,850 million while revenues under US GAAP were Ps.14,885 million. In 2007, revenues under MFRS were Ps.16,222 million while revenues under US GAAP were Ps.13,850 million. Revenues under US GAAP are recognized when all the following events occur: a) a sale is consummated; b) a significant initial down payment is received (when applicable); and c) the earnings process is complete and the collection of any remaining receivables is reasonably assured. However, under MFRS, the Company uses the percentage-of-completion method of accounting to account for housing project revenues and costs related to housing construction. Under MFRS, progress towards completion is measured in terms of comparing the actual costs incurred to the estimated total cost of a project. For a further discussion of revenue recognition policies under US GAAP, refer to Note 28 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

Total units closed and recognized as US GAAP revenue in 2008 were 41,679 units (39,557 in 2007) compared to 57,498 units sold under MFRS in 2008 (51,672 in 2007). The lower volume in units closed in 2008 compared to units sold is primarily attributable to both our continued growth and therefore our higher construction-in-process, and our increased participation during 2008 in the construction of nearly-completed vertical building projects which take longer to build, sell and collect.  In addition, the volume of total units closed was also impacted by the continued delay in the disbursement of Federal Government subsidies in certain cities, which in turn impacts the timing by which INFONAVIT and other lenders will commit to close a transaction. Further, a lower volume of units closed and recognized as US GAAP revenue compared to units sold under MFRS is also related to a slowdown in the collection process through FOVISSSTE, who employs sofoles to make payments which result in delays in the payment process. Total units closed of 41,679 in 2008 represents a 5% increase compared to total units closed in 2007 of 39,557. The increase is attributable to the continued growth in the Company’s business. In 2007, units closed increased by 32% over 2006. The proportion of units sold and units closed are generally consistent when evaluated by operating segment during both 2008 and 2007. As of December 31, 2008, approximately 15,819 units remain at various stages of completion under MFRS, and thus have yet to be recognized into revenue under US GAAP.

 

41



 

Gross profit margins were 29% for MFRS in 2008, compared to 30% for US GAAP. Gross profit margins were 32% for MFRS in 2007, compared to 29% for US GAAP. The primary difference between gross profit margins under MFRS and US GAAP is attributable to the differences in accounting policies with respect to the capitalization of comprehensive financing costs (“CFC”).   MFRS provides for the capitalization of foreign exchange gains and losses on borrowings. However US GAAP only provides for the capitalization of interest costs. In 2008, foreign exchange losses were capitalized into construction inventory. When the underlying projects were sold, greater amounts of CFC were recognized in cost of sales, which had the effect of reducing gross profit margins in 2008 compared to 2007 under MFRS. The capitalization of CFC in 2008 also resulted in reduced gross profit margins under MRFS as compared, to US GAAP. Conversely, foreign exchange gains on borrowings in 2007 ultimately resulted in higher gross profit margins under MFRS in 2007 than in 2006, and in higher gross profit margins under MFRS as compared to US GAAP.

 

As disclosed in Note 26 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements, IMFRS 14 will be adopted as of January 1, 2010, with retrospective application to prior accounting periods presented with its 2010 consolidated financial statements.  Management is evaluating what effect this new accounting pronouncement will have on the Company’s results of operations and financial position. While differences in revenue recognition might still exist between MFRS and US GAAP upon the adoption of INIF 14, it is anticipated that the Company’s MFRS revenue recognition will more closely approximate its US GAAP revenue recognition at that time.

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses are not significantly impacted by the differences between MFRS and US GAAP.   Accordingly, fluctuations in US GAAP SG&A expenses during 2008 and 2007 are consistent with those described for MFRS discussed above.

 

Comprehensive financing costs (“CFC”) are different between MFRS and US GAAP for the reasons discussed above. These differences result in periodic fluctuations in gross profit margins and CFC levels between the two accounting frameworks.

 

The Company’s effective tax rate is not significantly impacted by the differences between MFRS and US GAAP. The Company’s effective tax rate under MFRS was 31% in 2008 compared to 32% under US GAAP and 29% under MFRS in 2007 compared to 28% under US GAAP.

 

Refer to Note 28 for a complete reconciliation of net income between MFRS and US GAAP.

 

Government Policy and Available Financing

 

The size of the developer-built market depends to a great extent on the availability of mortgage financing. Due to liquidity issues over the last 20 years, Mexico has experienced fluctuations in the availability of mortgage financing, particularly from private segment sources. As a result, the supply of affordable entry-level and middle-income housing has also remained low during this period.

 

During the 1980s, Mexican government policy focused on encouraging investment by the private sector, reducing development costs, and stimulating construction. Mexican Housing Funds provided mortgage loan guarantees and direct payment and savings procedures. In 1994, Mexico experienced an economic crisis that led to the devaluation of the Mexican peso and a steep rise in interest rates. Smaller housing development companies went out of business, and the industry experienced a sharp fall in home sales between 1995 and 1996 due to diminished commercial bank lending.

 

Following the 1994 economic crisis, government policy sought to counterbalance the shortage of available financing and the increases in interest rates that resulted by focusing primarily on providing mortgages and construction financing via Mexican Housing Funds in the affordable entry-level segment. Government funds no longer provided development or sales activities and functioned instead as true savings-and-loan programs. Legislative reforms with regard to community-owned agricultural territories ( ejidos ), which made it possible to sell these formerly restricted properties, also increased the potential supply of land available for development. During this period the government authorized sofoles, which underwrite mortgages with funds and guarantees provided by government agencies, private investment, national, foreign or development bank loans, or through the Mexican capital markets. Furthermore, the government encouraged industry growth and private sector lending by supporting consolidation in the housing development industry.

 

Between 1997 and 1998, home sales stabilized, growing slightly in 1997 due to improving economic conditions. During

 

42



 

1999 and 2000, mortgage financing increased due to stabilizing economic conditions. The level of available financing has continued to grow as a result of Mexican government policies. President Calderón’s administration’s goal is to finance six million mortgages during his administration. As of 2008, 3.2 million mortgages have already been financed, satisfying 51% of the administration’s goal. Out of the 3.2 million mortgages that have been financed, 66% are related to mortgages granted for new homes. President Calderón’s administration has supported four objectives for the homebuilding industry originally set forth by President Fox:

 

·                   make more adequate land available, including infrastructure such as sewage and utilities;

 

·                   increase deregulation of the housing industry;

 

·                   encourage consolidation within the industry; and

 

·                   increase financing opportunities available to qualified homebuyers.

 

In conjunction with these efforts, the Mexican legislature amended existing tax regulations in order to allow individuals to deduct a portion of their mortgage loan interest payments from their personal income taxes beginning in 2003, which the administration expects will lead to increased mortgage financing activity.

 

Recently, the Mexican government implemented a new program to meet the housing needs of families in the very low end of the economic spectrum, a sector of the population whose monthly income would otherwise be insufficient for them to be able to afford the lower valued homes in the market.  This program demonstrates the commitment of Mexican Federal government to improving the quality of life for families in Mexico by providing affordable housing.

 

The actions taken by President Calderón’s administration to accelerate the housing and mortgage supply in Mexico has resulted in the emergence of a very active housing industry supported by solid private and public institutions. The developer-built market has continued to expand due to higher levels of available mortgage financing, especially through Mexican Housing Funds such as INFONAVIT, SHF and FOVISSSTE. According to CONAVI, from 2000 to 2008 mortgage providers in Mexico granted 3,880,194 mortgages, a 116.4% growth from 331,880 in 2000 to 718,255 in 2008. Between 2003 and 2008, CONAPO estimates that the housing stock increased by 2.0 million homes.

 

President Calderón has indicated that he will continue to support and promote the housing industry on three main lines: urban development, very affordable housing and home improvement. His administration’s goal is for the Mexican Housing Funds to provide six million mortgages by 2012.

 

In early 2009, the Mexican federal government announced a stimulus bill, the “National Agreement in Favor of Personal Finance and Employment” (Acuerdo Nacional en Favor de la Economía Familiar y el Empleo), that contains assistance for the homebuilding industry. Under the bill, the government will increase aid from Ps5.2 billion to Ps.7.4 billion for a federal housing subsidy program designed to provide assistance to low-income families. In addition, the Mexican federal government, homebuilders and suppliers signed a separate agreement, the “National Housing Program” that confirms the housing industry’s importance to the Mexican economy during the current recession and economic slowdown.

 

Changes in the availability of mortgage financing from government agencies could adversely affect us. See “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors—Risk Factors Related to Our Business—Decreases in the Amount of Mortgage Financing Provided by Mexican Housing Funds on Which We Depend, or Disbursement Delays, Could Result in a Decrease in Our Sales and Revenues.”

 

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

 

We have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, substantial liquidity and capital resource requirements, principally to finance development and construction of homes and for land inventory purchases.

 

Adverse economic conditions in the U.S. mortgage banking sector are currently affecting the homebuilding industry in the U.S. Recently, these negative conditions have impacted the financial positions of a majority of U.S. homebuilders. Our domestic mortgage system, as explained herein, differs from that of the U.S. The Mexican housing market differs from the U.S. housing industry in several significant respects. The housing market in Mexico is in an early stage of development compared to the U.S. housing industry,

 

43



 

which, according to some economists, has been subjected to heightened price speculation that has led to an excess supply of housing and a lack of liquidity stemming from excessive mortgage lending activity. The Mexican housing market on the other hand is characterized by a large deficit of housing stock driven in part by a growing young population, high rates of urban growth, new household formation, and a decreasing number of occupants per home. Additionally, the Mexican government has implemented housing policies and created agencies designed to address the housing deficit by making funds available to a large segment of the population. As a result, in the past few years, a significant market for companies like Homex in the affordable entry-level segment has emerged. Accordingly, Homex does not believe that the housing market in Mexico is suffering from the same impairment and liquidity issues currently facing the U.S. housing industry. Moreover, while it may be reasonably possible that the impairment and liquidity issues currently facing the U.S. housing industry may deteriorate further, Homex does not have any current reason to believe these specific problems will materially affect its operations and liquidity directly.

 

The decreasing liquidity trends noted in Homex’s consolidated financial results have not been primarily driven by macro-level economic factors, but rather, reflect company-specific factors. For example, in response to local market demands, Homex’s implementation in 2008 of more vertical high-rise construction has resulted in somewhat longer completion times, more inventory and greater demands for working capital. Additionally, Homex’s decision to migrate the principal source of its customers’ mortgage financing not provided by INFONAVIT from sofoles to commercial banks led to a temporary delay in the collection process. At the same time, a delay in the disbursement of Federal Government subsidies in certain cities delayed the timing by which INFONAVIT commits to closing a transaction. Further, Homex believes that as a result of its focus on the lower affordable entry-level segment, which benefits from government sponsored financing, its business is less subject to the effects of the general lack of available credit from traditional sources stemming from the ongoing global economic slowdown.

 

As of December 31, 2008, we had Ps.1,140.1 million of cash and cash equivalents and Ps. 7,811.4 million of outstanding indebtedness for money borrowed (none of which was construction financing provided by sofoles for developments under construction), as compared to Ps. 2,206.8 million of cash and cash equivalents and Ps. 3,795.6 million of outstanding indebtedness as of December 31, 2007.

 

Although we do not commence construction of any development until the availability of mortgage financing for qualified homebuyers is determined, we do acquire land and perform licensing, permit-securing, and certain infrastructure development activities prior to receiving confirmation of the availability of mortgage financing. Historically, we have financed our development and construction activities through internally generated funds, commercial paper programs, and bridge loans.

 

Our primary sources of liquidity are:

 

·                     cash flow from operations;

 

·                     financing from sellers of land and, to a lesser extent, suppliers of materials;

 

·                     commercial banks and other financial institutions; and

 

·                     down payments from homebuyers.

 

We believe that our working capital will be sufficient during the next 12 months to meet our liquidity requirements.

 

The table below sets forth information regarding our outstanding debt as of December 31, 2008:

 

44



 

Debt Outstanding as of December 31, 2008

 

Homex Debt

 

Aggregate Lender
Principal Amount

 

Interest
Rate

 

Maturity

 

 

 

(in thousands of
 pesos)

 

 

 

 

 

Senior Guaranteed Notes (1)

 

Ps.

 3,443,450

 

 

 

 

 

Grupo Financiero Inbursa, S.A.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A credit line of Ps. 2,078 million granted on June 26, 2008.

 

2,078,000

 

TIIE+1.50

%(2)

June 26, 2013

 

HSBC Mexico, S.A.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A line of credit for Ps.1,081 million granted on July 1, 2005, with semi-annual payments beginning on March 14, 2008.

 

360,334

 

TIIE+1.00

%(2)

Sept. 14, 2010

 

GE Capital

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A line of credit granted to Aerohomex, S.A. de C.V. to purchase an executive jet for US$2.3 million on July 29, 2005.

 

11,136

 

7.40

%

July 29, 2010

 

Hipotecaria Nacional, S.A. de C.V.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Three separate lines of credit granted on November 6, 2008. November 20, 2008 and December 11, 2008. These lines of credit are guaranteed by five of the Company’s land lots.

 

299,795

 

TIIE+4.00

%(2)

November and December 2010

 

HSBC México, S.A.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revolving credit line granted on December 26, 2008.

 

50,000

 

TIIE+4.10

%(2)

Jan. 23, 2009

 

Banco Regional de Monterrey, S.A.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revolving credit line granted on December 1, 2008.

 

90,284

 

TIIE+4.00

%(2)

Jan. 8, 2009

 

Grupo Financiero Inbursa, S.A.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revolving credit line granted on December 19, 2008.

 

600,000

 

TIIE+4.50

%(2)

Jan. 19, 2009

 

Banco Mercantil del Norte, S.A.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revolving credit line granted on December 30, 2008.

 

300,000

 

TIIE+3.25

%(2)

Jan. 29, 2009

 

Banco Santander México, S.A.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revolving credit line granted on November 12, 2008.

 

100,000

 

TIIE+1.00

%(2)

May 7, 2009

 

BBVA Bancomer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial leases of machinery and equipment

 

288,857

 

TIIE+ 0.80

%(2)

Jan. 2, 2013

 

BBVA Bancomer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial leases of machinery and equipment

 

53,725

 

TIIE+ 0.80

%(2)

Oct.1, 2013

 

BBVA Bancomer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial leases of machinery and equipment

 

56,525

 

TIIE+ 3.50

%(2)

Jan. 2, 2014

 

Other financial leases

 

2,315

 

7.40

%

Sept.15, 2008

 

Interest payable

 

76,996

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total debt

 

Ps.

 7,811,417

 

 

 

 

 

 


(1)

Issued in an aggregate principal amount of US$250 million with a coupon rate of 7.50%. We entered into a foreign exchange swap to hedge the foreign exchange risk associated with the principal amount of this debt at a rate of Ps.10.83 per U.S. dollar and at an average weighted cost of 2.92%. This swap was cancelled on July 5, 2008.

 

 

(2)

TIIE refers to the 28-day Mexican interbank rate (Tasa de Interés Interbancaria de Equilibrio), which was 8.6886% as of December 31, 2008.

 

Our total indebtedness increased to Ps. 7,811.4 million as of December 31, 2008 from Ps. 3,795.6 million as of December 31, 2007, mainly as a result of our extensive purchase of land reserves, working capital requirements and the effects of the depreciation of the Mexican Peso relative to the U.S. dollar on our U.S. dollar-denominated debt.

 

As of December 31, 2008, our short-term debt was Ps. 1,506.7 million, mainly as a result of Ps. 1,143.7 million of various revolving credit lines granted by financial institutions. Our long-term debt was Ps.6,304.8 million, which includes the long-term portion of our equipment lease obligations in the amount of Ps. 314.6 million, the remaining balance of the medium-term loan facility with HSBC of Ps.360.3 million, a line of credit with Inbursa for Ps. 2,078.0, three separate lines of credit with Hipotecaria Nacional for Ps. 299.8 and our Senior Guaranteed Notes in the aggregate principal amount of Ps. 3,443.5 million.

 

On September 28, 2005, we issued US$250 million of Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2015 with a coupon rate of 7.50%.

 

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As of December 31, 2008, Homex’ US dollar-denominated debt was mainly limited to the Company’s Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2015, with a single principal payment at maturity. The Company has an interest-only swap that effectively minimizes short and mid-term exchange risk in interest payments. As of December 31, 2008 the fair value of this instrument was a favorable asset position of Ps. 66 million.

 

During 2008, the Company’s short and long-term net liabilities resulted in a negative foreign exchange. As a result, the Company entered into hedging transactions, including foreign exchange derivative instruments designated to mitigate the risk associated with foreign currency exchange rates. As a result of the recent devaluation of the Mexican peso relative to the US dollar, the Company decided to cancel these derivative instruments. The Company’s statement of income reflects a loss of Ps.404,601 related to these foreign exchange derivative transactions.

 

The net accumulated effect in the statement of income of the Principal-Only Swap and Interest-Only Swap for the years ended December 31, 2008 was Ps. (90,639).

 

The net valuation effects of financial instruments for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, were Ps. 313,962, Ps. (147,977) and Ps. 101,895, respectively.

 

We have not paid dividends since the inception of the Company in 1998 and we do not foresee paying dividends in the near future.

 

Covenants

 

Loan covenants require the Company and its guarantor subsidiaries to meet certain obligations. These covenants cover changes in ownership control, restrictions on incurring additional debt that does not meet certain requirements established in the loan contracts, restrictions on the sale of assets and the sale of capital stock in subsidiaries, unless they meet certain requirements, restricted payments where dividends cannot be paid or capital reimbursed to stockholders’ equity unless they are made between the guarantor subsidiaries. In addition, the Company cannot pledge any of its assets or properties to guarantee any additional debt until certain limits.

 

Financial covenants, derived from the Senior Guaranteed Notes, the credit line with HSBC, Inbursa and Hipotecaria Nacional require the Company to maintain:

 

·       a ratio of total debt to total stockholders’ equity of less than 1.0 to 1.0. The actual ratio as of December 31, 2008 was 0.68 to 1.00;

 

·       a ratio of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) to the current portion of long-term debt (including the interest payable) of at least 3.0 to 1.0. The actual ratio as of December 31, 2008 was 4.40 to 1.0;

 

·       a total of stockholders’ equity of at least Ps. 8,000,000; the actual stockholders’ equity as of December 31, 2008 was Ps. 11,517,257;

 

·       a ratio of interest coverage (EBITDA) to the net financing expense of at least 2.5 to 1.0. The actual ratio as of December 31, 2008 was 7.63 to 1.00;

 

·       a ratio of leverage (liabilities with cost) to EBITDA of less than 2.50 to 1. The actual ratio as of December 31, 2008 was 1.75 to 1.0; and

 

·       operational restrictions on working capital.

 

There are also restrictions applicable to additional debt based on EBITDA levels, such as EBITDA to interest expense, including payment of dividends, which should not be less than 2.25 to 1. The actual ratio as of December 31, 2008 was 6.01x.

 

In the event the Company does not comply with any of the above provisions, there is a resulting limitation on its ability to pay dividends to its stockholders.

 

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Included in its credit agreements with the aforementioned financial institutions, if the Company fails to comply with the terms and conditions of its covenants, an event of default may occur that may result in the amounts owing to these institutions together with interest accrued becoming due and payable. In addition, an event of default under any of the Company’s credit agreements may in turn trigger events of default under the Company’s other credit agreements which may result in the amounts outstanding under such agreements becoming due and payable. Acceleration or cross-default under any of our credit agreements could have a material adverse effect upon our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

 

As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company was in compliance with the financial covenants of its debt agreements.

 

The financial covenants of the leases from BBVA Bancomer require the Company and its subsidiaries to maintain:

 

·       a liquidity ratio of current assets to short-term liabilities no less than 1.50 to 1.0. The actual ratio as of December 31, 2008 was 3.11 to 1.0;

 

·       a financing ratio of total liabilities to stockholders’ equity no greater than 1.70 to 1.0. The actual ratio as of December 31, 2008 was 1.33 to 1.0; and

 

·       a relation of operational income to net comprehensive financing cost at a minimum level of 2.0 to 1.0. The actual ratio as of December 31, 2008 was 4.09 to 1.0.

 

As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company was in compliance with these financial covenants.

 

The Company will utilize cash from operations and new debt financings to finance working capital needs throughout 2009.

In 2009, the Company intends to follow a conservative strategy to improve cash generation and maintain a stable debt level while minimizing land investments and capital expenditures.

 

TREND INFORMATION

 

The current recession and economic slowdown in the U.S. and global markets is affecting the global economy and causing uncertainty in the Mexican economy that could negatively affect performance of the housing market. The recession, rising unemployment and the occurrence of H1N1 flu may result in softer demand for housing in Mexico, which could have a negative impact on sales and revenue. In addition, our profitability may be negatively affected by the liquidity restraints facing sofoles, sofomes and other sources of mortgage financing, as well as delays in disbursements from these agencies similar to the delays that occurred during 2008. At the same time, as a result of the current recession, commercial banks, sofoles and sofomes have implemented tighter origination criteria and restricted commercial credit lending affecting our suppliers. This could also affect the Company’s profitability to the extent that the Company is unable to cut costs to compensate for softer demand and less credit from suppliers. Accordingly, we may need to adjust our business and financial models to account for the foregoing factors, which may have a negative effect on our revenues.

 

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

 

We have no off-balance sheet arrangements as of December 31, 2008.

 

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

 

The following table sets forth information regarding our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2008:

 

 

 

Payment Due by Period

 

Contractual Obligations

 

Total

 

Less than
1 Year

 

1-3 Year

 

3-5 Years

 

More than
5 Years

 

 

 

(in thousands of pesos)

 

Long-term debt obligations

 

Ps.

7,332,999

 

Ps.

1,342,880

 

Ps.

468,669

 

Ps.

2,078,000

 

Ps.

3,443,450

 

Capital (finance) lease

 

401,422

 

86,783

 

287,712

 

26,927

 

 

 

Total debt

 

7,734,421

 

1,429,663

 

756,381

 

2,104,927

 

3,443,450

 

Estimated interest (1)

 

2,960,192

 

578,562

 

1,542,169

 

635,787

 

203,674

 

Operating lease obligations (2)

 

211,014

 

53,874

 

137,498

 

19,359

 

283

 

Land suppliers

 

2,731,462

 

2,326,036

 

405,426

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

Ps.

13,637,089

 

Ps.

4,388,135

 

Ps.

2,841,474

 

Ps.

2,760,073

 

Ps.

3,647,407

 

 

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(1)

In estimating interest expense we used the applicable rate (see debt table in “Liquidity and Capital Resources”) as of December 31, 2008.

 

 

(2)

Operating leases are calculated in the nominal bases or future cash flows at the rate as of December 31, 2008.

 

Contractual obligations increased by 34% from Ps.10,147,856 as of December 31, 2007 to Ps.13,637,089 as of December 31, 2008. This change was mainly due to the purchase of land reserves at the end of 2008, our new capitalized lease financing of several prototypes of aluminum molds and their spare parts and operating leases financing different kinds of equipment related to our concrete and block production.

 

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New Accounting Pronouncements

 

Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (MFRS)

 

The most relevant standards that came into force in 2008 are described below:

 

MFRS B-2, Statement of Cash Flows

 

In November 2007, MFRS B-2 was issued by the Consejo Mexicano para la Investigación y Desarrollo de Normas de la Información Financiera, A.C. (Mexican Financial Information Standards Research Development Board or “CINIF”) to replace Mexican accounting Bulletin B-12, Statement of Changes in Financial Position. This standard establishes that the statement of changes in financial position is substituted by a statement of cash flows as part of the basic financial statements. The main differences between both statements lie in the fact that the statement of cash flows shows the entity’s cash receipts and disbursements for the period, while the statement of changes in financial position showed the changes in the entity’s financial structure rather than its cash flows. In an inflationary environment, the amounts of both financial statements are expressed in constant Mexican pesos. However, in preparing the statement of cash flows, the entity must first eliminate the effects of inflation for the period and, accordingly, determine cash flows at constant Mexican pesos, while in the statement of changes in financial position, the effects of inflation for the period are not eliminated.

 

MFRS B-2 establishes that in the statement of cash flows, the entity must first present cash flows derived from operating activities, then from investing activities, the sum of these activities and finally cash flows derived from financing activities. The statement of changes in financial position first shows the entity’s operating activities, then financing activities and finally its investing activities. Under this new standard, the statement of cash flows may be determined by applying the direct or indirect method.

 

The transitory rules of MFRS B-2 establish that the application of this standard is prospective. Therefore, the financial statements for years ended prior to 2008 include a statement of changes in financial position, as previously established by Mexican accounting Bulletin B-12.

 

MFRS B-10, Effects of Inflation

 

In July 2007, the CINIF issued MFRS B-10, Effects of Inflation. MFRS B-10 defines the two economic environments in Mexico that will determine whether or not entities must recognize the effects of inflation on financial information: i) inflationary, when inflation is equal to or higher than 26%; accumulated in the preceding three fiscal years (an 8% annual average); and ii) non-inflationary, when accumulated inflation for the preceding three fiscal years is less than the aforementioned accumulated 26%. Based on these definitions, the effects of inflation on financial information must be recognized only when entities operate in an inflationary environment.

 

This standard also establishes the accounting rules applicable whenever the economy changes from any type of environment to another. When the economy changes from an inflationary environment to a non-inflationary one, the entity must maintain in its financial statements the effects of inflation recognized through the immediate prior year, since the amounts of prior periods are taken as the base amounts of the financial statements for the period of change and subsequent periods. Whenever the economy changes from a non-inflationary environment to an inflationary one, the effects of inflation on the financial information are recognized retrospectively, meaning that all information for prior periods must be adjusted to recognize the accumulated effects of inflation of the periods in which the economic environment was considered non-inflationary.

 

This standard also abolishes the use of the specific-indexation method for the valuation of imported fixed assets and the replacement-cost method for the valuation of inventories, thus eliminating the result from holding non-monetary assets.

 

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The Interpretation 9 of MFRS establishes that comparative financial statements for years prior to 2008 must be expressed in Mexican pesos with purchasing power at December 31, 2007, which was the last date on which the effects of inflation were recognized.

 

The realized result from holding non-monetary assets must be reclassified to retained earnings, while the unrealized portion must be maintained as such within stockholders’ equity, and reclassified to results of operations when the asset giving rise to it is realized. Whenever it is deemed impractical to separate the realized from the unrealized result from holding non-monetary assets, the full amount of this item may be reclassified to the retained earnings.

 

The effect of the adoption of this standard on the Company’s 2008 financial statements is the Company’s ceasing to recognize the effects of inflation on its financial information; therefore no monetary result was determined. The accumulated monetary position as of December 31, 2007 that was Ps. 346,641 was reclassified to the retained earnings.

 

MFRS B-15, Foreign Currency Translation

 

MFRS B-15 incorporates the concepts of recording currency, functional currency and reporting currency, and establishes the methodology to translate financial information of a foreign entity, based on those terms. Additionally, this rule is aligned with NIF B-10, which defines translation procedures of financial information from subsidiaries that operate in inflationary and non-inflationary environments. Prior to the application of this rule, translation of financial information from foreign subsidiaries was according to inflationary environments methodology.

 

The Company’s foreign operations are insignificant at this time and thus the impact of the adoption of this MFRS on the Company’s consolidated financial statements was also insignificant.

 

MFRS D-3, Employee Benefits

 

MFRS D-3, Employee Benefits replaces the previous MFRS accounting Bulletin D-3, Labor Obligations. The most significant changes contained in MFRS D-3 are as follows:

 

i) shorter periods for the amortization of unamortized items such as transition obligations, with the option to credit or charge actuarial gains or losses directly to results of operations, as they accrue. As further disclosed in Note 13, during 2008 the Company prospectively changed the amortization periods for its transition liability from those of 10-22 year periods in prior years, to a four year period starting in 2008, resulting in Ps. 5,559 in additional labor costs being recognized in its 2008 statement of income as compared to prior periods;

 

ii) elimination of the recognition of an additional liability and resulting recognition of an intangible asset and comprehensive income item. As further disclosed in Note 13, upon the adoption of MFRS D-3 the Company reversed its intangible asset of Ps. 30,092 and additional liability of Ps. 34,189 resulting in a credit to shareholders equity of Ps. 4,097 in 2008;

 

iii) accounting treatment of current-year and deferred employee profit-sharing, requiring that deferred employee profit-sharing be recognized using the asset and liability method established under MFRS D-4. The Company recorded a deferred profit sharing asset of Ps. 29,667 upon adoption of MFRS D-3. That asset has been adjusted to a value of Ps. 26,606 as of December 31, 2008; and

 

iv) current-year and deferred employee profit-sharing expense is to be presented as an ordinary expense in the income statement rather than as part of taxes on profits.

 

The impact of the adoption of MFRS D-3 is as indicated above.

 

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MFRS D-4, Taxes on Profit

 

The CINIF also issued Mexican FRS D-4, Taxes on Profits which replaces Mexican accounting Bulletin D-4 Accounting for Income Taxes, asset Tax and Employee Profit-sharing. The most significant changes attributable to MFRS D-4 are as follows:

 

i)

the concept of permanent differences is eliminated. The asset and liability method requires the recognition of deferred taxes on all differences in balance sheet accounts for financial and tax reporting purposes, regardless of whether they are permanent or temporary;

ii)

because current and deferred employee profit-sharing is now considered as an ordinary expense under MFRS D-3, it is excluded from this standard;

iii)

asset taxes are required to be recognized as a tax credit and, consequently, as a deferred income tax asset only in those cases in which there is certainty as to its future realization; and

iv)

the cumulative effect of adopting Mexican accounting Bulletin D-4 is to be reclassified to retained earnings, unless it is identified with comprehensive items in stockholders’ equity not yet taken to income.

 

The application of this standard is prospective in nature; therefore the comparative financial statements from prior years were not modified. The adoption of this MFRS did not have any effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

The most important new pronouncements that came into force in 2009 are as follows:

 

MFRS B-7, Business Acquisitions

 

This MFRS substitutes MFRS B-7 Business Acquisitions, and establishes general rules for the initial recognition of net assets, non-controlling interests and other items, as of the acquisition date.

 

According to this statement, purchase and restructuring expenses resulting from acquisition process, should not be part of the consideration, because these expenses are not an amount being shared by the business acquired.

 

In addition, MFRS B-7 requires a company to recognize non-controlling interests in the acquiree at fair value as of the acquisition date.

 

MFRS B-7 is effective for future acquisitions.

 

At the date of the financial statements, management is evaluating what effect the observance of this accounting pronouncement will have on the Company’s results of operations and financial position.

 

MFRS B-8, Consolidated or Combined Financial Statements

 

This MFRS replaces MFRS B-8 Consolidated Financial Statements and describes general rules for the preparation, presentation and disclosure of consolidated and combined financial statements.

 

The main changes of this MFRS are as follows: (a) this rule defines “Specific-purpose Entity” (SPE), establishes the cases in which an entity has control over a SPE, and when a company should consolidate this type of entity; (b) addresses that potential voting rights should be analyzed when evaluating the existence of control over an entity; and (c) set new terms for “controlling interest” instead of “majority interest,” and “non-controlling interest” instead of “minority interest.”

 

At the date of the financial statements, management is evaluating what effect the observance of this accounting pronouncement will have on the Company’s results of operations and financial position.

 

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MFRS C-7, Investments in Associates and Other Permanent Investments

 

MFRS C-7 describes the accounting treatment for investments in associates and other permanent investments, which were previously treated within MFRS B-8 Consolidated Financial Statements. This MFRS requires the recognition of a Specific-Purpose Entity, through equity method. Also, this MFRS establishes that potential voting rights should be considered when analyzing the existence of significant influence.

 

In addition, this rule defines a procedure and a limit for the recognition of losses in an associate.

 

At the date of the financial statements, management is evaluating what effect the observance of this accounting pronouncement will have on the Company’s results of operations and financial position.

 

MFRS C-8, Intangible Assets

 

This rule substitutes MFRS C-8 Intangible Assets. The new rule defines intangible assets as non-monetary items and broadens the criteria of identification, indicating that an intangible asset must be separable; this means that such asset could be sold, transferred, or used by the entity. In addition, intangible asset arises from legal or contractual rights, whether those rights are transferable or separable from the entity.

 

On the other hand, this standard establishes that preoperative costs should be eliminated from the capitalized balance, affecting retained earnings, and without restating prior financial statements.

 

This amount should be presented as an accounting change in consolidated financial statements.

 

At the date of the financial statements, management is evaluating what effect the observance of this accounting pronouncement will have on the Company’s results of operations and financial position.

 

MFRS D-8, Share-Based Payments

 

MFRS D-8 establishes the recognition of share-based payments. When an entity purchases goods or pay services with share-based payments, the entity is required to recognize those goods or services at fair value and the corresponding increase in equity. According with MFRS D-8, if share-based payments cannot be settled with equity instruments, they have to be settled using an indirect method considering MFRS D-8 parameters.

 

At the date of the financial statements, management is evaluating what effect the observance of this accounting pronouncement will have on the Company’s results of operations and financial position.

 

Interpretation 14 of MFRS (IMFRS), Construction, Sales and Services Agreements related to Real Estate

 

In December 2008 IMFRS 14 was issued by the CINIF to complement Bulletin’s D-7 regulation, Construction Agreements and Manufacturing of Certain Capital Assets. This Interpretation is applicable to the recognition of revenues, costs and expenses for all entities that undertake the construction of capital assets directly or through sub contractors.

 

Due to the application of this Interpretation, effective January 1, 2010, the Company will stop recognizing its revenues, costs and expenses based on the percentage-of-completion method. At that date, the Company will begin to recognize them based on methods mentioned in this Interpretation. Revenue and cost recognition will then more closely approximate what is often referred to as a “completed contract method” in which revenues, costs and expenses should are recognized, when all of the following conditions are fulfilled:

 

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a)

the entity has transferred the control to the homebuyer, in other words, the significant risks and benefits due to the property or the assets ownership;

b)

the entity does not keep for itself any continue participation on the actual management of the sold assets, in the usual grade associated with the property, nor does retain the effective control of the sold assets;

c)

the revenues amount can be estimated reliably;

d)

it is probable that the entity receives the economic benefits associated with the transaction; and

e)

the costs and expenses incurred or to be incurred related to the transaction can be estimated reliably.

 

This Interpretation will be adopted as of January 1, 2010, with retrospective application to prior accounting periods presented with its 2010 consolidated financial statements. At the date of the consolidated financial statements, management is evaluating what effect this new accounting pronouncement will have on the Company’s results of operations and financial position. While differences in revenue recognition might still exist between MFRS and US GAAP upon the adoption of INIF 14, it is anticipated that the Company’s MFRS revenue recognition will more closely approximate its US GAAP revenue recognition at that time. The Company’s US GAAP revenue recognition is disclosed further in Note 28 below.

 

International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)

 

On November 11, 2008 the Mexican Securities Commission (Comisión Nacional Bancaria y de Valores) issued a press release in which it debriefed that this Commission will perform the necessary regulatory adaptations on which it will be established the requirements for the listed companies to prepare and reveal their financial information under IFRS beginning the year 2012. Likewise it was specified that early adoption for the years 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011 is allowed.

 

At the date of the financial statements, management is evaluating the effects of the adoption and implementation of IFRS as well as the potential adoption date.

 

U.S. GAAP

 

FAS 160

 

In December 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interest in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51” (FAS 160). FAS 160 requires noncontrolling interests held by parties other than the parent in subsidiaries to be clearly identified, labeled, and presented in the consolidated statements of financial position within equity, but separate from the parent’s equity. FAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. At December 31, 2008, the Company had Ps. 246,343 of noncontrolling interest under MFRS that has been treated as a difference between MFRS and US GAAP.

 

FAS 141 (R)

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations” (FAS 141 (R)). FAS 141 (R) is a revision of FAS 141 and requires that costs incurred to effect the acquisition (i.e., acquisition-related cost) be recognized separately from the acquisition. In addition, in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141, “Business combinations” (FAS 141), restructuring costs that the acquirer expected but was not obligated to incur, which included changes to benefit plans, were recognized as if they were a liability assumed at the acquisition date. FAS 141 (R) requires the acquirer to recognized those costs separately from the business combination. FAS 141 (R) is effective for the Company in 2009, and its impact will vary with each acquisition.

 

FAS 161

 

In March 2008, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133” (FAS 161). FAS 161 requires enhanced disclosures about an entity’s derivatives and hedging activities to improve the transparency of financial reporting. It is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. FAS 161 is expected to increase annual disclosures but will not have an impact on the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

 

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FAS 162

 

In May 2008, the FASB issued Statement No. 162, The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (FAS 162), which identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in the United States.  This statement is effective 60 days following the SEC’s approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board amendments to AU Section 411, “The Meaning of Present Fairly in Conformity With Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.” This statement is not expected to result in a change in current practice.

 

FSP FAS 142-3

 

In April 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position FAS 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets” (FSP FAS 142-3). FSP FAS 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under FASB Statement No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”. FSP FAS 142-3 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that FSP FAS 142-3 will have in its accounting for intangible assets.

 

FSP 157-3

 

In October 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position 157-3, “Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Assets When the Market of that Asset is not Active” (FSP 157-3). FSP 157-3 provides an example that clarifies and reiterates certain provisions of the existing fair value standard, including basing fair value on orderly transactions and usage of management and broker inputs. FSP 157-3 is effective immediately but is not expected to have a material impact on financial position or results of operations of the Company.

 

EITF 08-6

 

In November 2008, the Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) reached a consensus on EITF 08-6, “Equity Method Investment Accounting Considerations”. EITF 08-6 provides guidance on the application of the equity method. It states equity-method investments should be recognized using a cost accumulation model. Also, it requires that equity method investments as a whole be assessed for other-than-temporary impairment in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 18. EITF 08-6 is effective on a prospective basis for transactions in an investee’s shares occurring or impairments recognized in fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008.   Currently, the Company’s equity method investments do not represent a significant component of its operations.   Accordingly, it does not anticipate that the adoption of this EITF will have a significant impact on its financial statements.

 

EITF 08-7

 

In November 2008, the EITF reached a consensus on EITF 08-7 “Accounting for Defensive Intangible Assets”. EITF 08-7 provides that intangible assets that an acquirer intends to use as defensive assets, intangible assets acquired in a business combination or an asset acquisition that an entity does not intend to actively use but does intend to prevent others from using, are a separate unit of account from the existing intangible assets of the acquirer. It also states that a defensive intangible asset should be amortized over the period that fair value of the defensive intangible asset diminishes. EITF 08-7 is effective on a prospective basis for transactions occurring in fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. This EITF will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

 

FSP FAS 132(R)-1

 

In December 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position FAS 132(R)-1, “Employers´ Disclosures about Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets” (FSP FAS 132(R)-1). FSP FAS 132(R)-1 amends FASB Statement No.132(R), “Employers´ Disclosures about Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefit” (FAS132(R)). This FASB Staff Position replaces the requirement to disclose the percentage of fair value of total plan assets with a requirement to disclose the fair value of each major asset category. It also amends FASB Statement 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (FAS 157), to clarify that defined benefits pension or other postretirement plan assets not subject to FAS 157´s disclosure requirements. FSO FAS 132(R)-1 is effective for fiscal years ending after December 2009. This FSP will increase the amount of disclosures for plan assets in the Company’s 2009 audited financial statements.

 

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FAS 166

 

FASB Statement No. 166 “Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets - an amendment of FASB Statement No. 140” (“FAS 166”) provides for removal of the concept of a qualifying special-purpose entity from FAS 140 and removes the exception from applying FIN 46R, to qualifying special-purpose entities.   It also clarifies that one objective of FAS 140 is to determine whether a transferor and all of the entities included in the transferor’s financial statements being presented have surrendered control over transferred financial assets. FAS 166 modifies the financial-components approach used in FAS 140 and limits the circumstances in which a financial asset, or portion of a financial asset, should be derecognized when the transferor has not transferred the entire original financial asset to an entity that is not consolidated with the transferor in the financial statements being presented and/or when the transferor has continuing involvement with the transferred financial asset. FAS 166 also defines the term participating interest to establish specific conditions for reporting a transfer of a portion of a financial asset as a sale. FAS 166 requires that a transferor recognize and initially measure at fair value all assets obtained (including a transferor’s beneficial interest) and liabilities incurred as a result of a transfer of financial assets accounted for as a sale. Enhanced disclosures are also required by FAS 166. FAS 166 must be applied as of the beginning of each reporting entity’s first annual reporting period that begins after November 15, 2009. This statement must be applied to transfers occurring on or after the effective date. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.

 

FAS 167

 

The FASB’s objective in issuing FAS 167 “Amendments to FIN 46R” is to improve financial reporting by enterprises involved with variable interest entities. The Board undertook this project to address (1) the effects on certain provisions of FIN 46R, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, as a result of the elimination of the qualifying special-purpose entity concept in FAS 166, and (2) constituent concerns about the application of certain key provisions of FIN 46R, including those in which the accounting and disclosures under FIN 46R do not always provide timely and useful information about an enterprise’s involvement in a variable interest. This Statement retains the scope of FIN 46R with the addition of entities previously considered qualifying special-purpose entities, as the concept of these entities was eliminated in FAS 166. FAS 167 shall be effective as of the beginning of each reporting entity’s first annual reporting period that begins after November 15, 2009. Earlier application is prohibited. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.

 

ITEM 6.       Directors, Senior Management and Employees.

 

DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

 

Our board of directors currently consists of nine members and is responsible for managing our business. Each director is elected for a term of one year or until a successor has been appointed. Our board of directors meets quarterly. Pursuant to Mexican law, at least 25% of the members of the board of directors must be independent, as such term is defined by the New Mexican Securities Market Law. As required by New York Stock Exchange regulations, a majority of the members of our board of directors are independent.

 

As of the date of this annual report, the members of our board of directors are as follows:

 

Name

 

Born

 

Position

Eustaquio Tomás de Nicolás Gutiérrez

 

1961

 

Chairman

Gerardo de Nicolás Gutiérrez

 

1968

 

Chief Executive Officer

José Ignacio de Nicolás Gutiérrez

 

1964

 

Director

Luis Alberto Harvey MacKissack

 

1960

 

Director

Matthew M. Zell

 

1966

 

Director

Z. Jamie Behar

 

1957

 

Director

Wilfrido Castillo Sánchez-Mejorada

 

1941

 

Director

Edward Lowenthal

 

1944

 

Director

Rafael Matute Labrador

 

1960

 

Director

 

Eustaquio Tomás de Nicolás Gutiérrez is Chairman of the board of directors. Before co-founding our predecessor in 1989, Mr. de Nicolás founded and managed DENIVE, a clothing manufacturing company. Mr. de Nicolás has been a Board Member of the

 

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Mexican Stock Exchange since 2005, and has served as regional Chairman and regional Vice Chairman of the Mexican Chamber of Industrial Housing Promoters and Development, or CANADEVI (Cámara Nacional de la Industria de Desarrollo y Promoción de Vivienda) and as a member of the regional advisory board of financial institutions such as BBVA Bancomer and HSBC (formerly BITAL). Currently, Mr. de Nicolás oversees our main operations, focusing on land acquisition and developing new geographical markets.

 

Gerardo de Nicolás Gutiérrez is the Company’s Chief Executive Officer. Mr. de Nicolás served as Chief Strategic Officer and head of the Executive Committee from October 2006 to June 5, 2007. Mr. de Nicolás also served as the CEO of the Company from 1997 to September 2006. Prior to his appointment as CEO, Mr. de Nicolás served as regional manager, systems manager, and as construction supervisor. He holds an undergraduate degree in industrial engineering from Universidad Panamericana, in Mexico City and an MBA from Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey in Guadalajara.

 

José Ignacio de Nicolás Gutiérrez is the Minister of Economic Development for the State Government of Sinaloa, was founder and Chairman of the Board of Directors from 1997 to 2007 of Hipotecaria Crédito y Casa, S.A. de C.V., a sofol that became the third largest mortgage bank in Mexico. Mr. de Nicolás also cofounded Homex and served as CEO from 1989 to 1997. Mr. de Nicolás is a member of the regional advisory board of Nacional Financiera (NAFIN), a Mexican government-owned development bank. He has recently been appointed member of the Board of Directors of Afore Coppel, a retirement fund administrator. In addition, Mr. de Nicolás founded and was chairman of a non-profit organization for social assistance in the state of Sinaloa from 2002 to 2005, and serves as national advisor of the Mexican Philanthropic Institute. Mr. de Nicolás received a B.S. in Finance and Administration from Universidad Panamericana, in Mexico City.

 

Luis Alberto Harvey MacKissack, is co-founding partner and senior managing director of Nexxus Capital, S.A.  He has approximately 20 years of experience in investment banking and private equity.  Before founding Nexxus, Mr. Harvey held positions at Grupo Bursátil Mexicano, Fonlyser, Operadora de Bolsa, and Servicios Industriales Peñoles, S.A. de C.V.  His experience includes several private and public equity transactions and initial public offerings of several major Mexican corporations on the Mexican Stock Exchange (BMV) and international capital markets.  Mr. Harvey is a member of the boards of directors of Nexxus Capital, S.A., Grupo Sports World, S.A. de C.V., Genomma Lab Internacional, S.A.B. de C.V., Harmon Hall Holding, S.D.R.L. de C.V. and Crédito Real S.A. de C.V. SOFOM, E.N.R.  Mr. Harvey is also member of the investment committees of ZN Mexico Trust, ZN Mexico II, L.P. and Nexxus Capital Private Equity Fund III.  Mr. Harvey received a B.S. in economics from Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM) and an MBA with a concentration in finance from the University of Texas at Austin.

 

Mathew M. Zell is managing director of EGI. Previously, he served as president of Prometheus Technologies, Inc., an information technology consulting firm. Mr. Zell is a member of the board of directors of Anixter Inc., a global distributor of wire, cable and communications connectivity products.

 

Z. Jamie Behar is Managing Director, Real Estate & Alternative Investments, for Promark Global Investors, Inc. (Prormark, formerly General Motors Investment Management Corp.). She manages Promark clients’ real estate investment portfolios,  including private market and publicly-traded securities investments, as well as their alternative investment portfolios, totaling $10.5 billion. Ms. Behar is a member of the board of directors of Sunstone Hotel Investors, Inc., a publicly listed hotel company operating in the United States,  the Pension Real Estate Association (PREA), and serves on the advisory boards of several domestic and international private real estate investment entities.

 

Wilfrido Castillo Sánchez-Mejorada is CFO of Qualitas Cía. de Seguros, S.A.B de C.V., or Qualitas, a Mexican insurance company. Previously he served as CEO of Castillo Miranda, Contadores Públicos, a public accounting firm, and he has held senior positions in several brokerage firms. Mr. Castillo is a member of the board of directors of Quálitas Compañía de Seguros, S.A.B. de C.V, Unión de Esfuerzo para el Campo, A.C. and Grupo Financiero Aserta, S.A. de C.V.

 

Edward Lowenthal is president of Ackerman Management LLC, an investment management and advisory company with particular focus on real estate and other asset-based investments. Previously, Mr. Lowenthal founded and was president of Wellsford Real Properties, Inc., or WRP, a publicly-owned real estate merchant banking company that has merged with Reis, Inc., a real estate market information and analytics provider. He also founded and was trustee and president of Wellsford Residential Property Trust, a publicly-owned multi-family real estate investment trust that was merged into Equity Residential Properties Trust. Mr. Lowenthal is a member of the board of directors of several companies, including, Reis, Inc., Omega Healthcare Investors, Inc., a healthcare real estate investment trust and American Campus Communities, a publicly traded Real Estate Investment Trust which focuses solely on student housing in the United States. He also serves as non-executive Chairman of Tiburon Lockers, Inc., a privately held owner-operator of rental storage lockers for transportation, entertainment, sports and other venues.

 

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Rafael Matute Labrador is Executive Vice-President and Chief Financial Officer of Wal-Mart de Mexico. He has been a member of the Board of Directors and the Executive Committee of the Board of Directors for Wal-Mart de Mexico since 1998. In addition, Mr. Labrador is a member of the Board of Directors for Banco Wal-Mart de Mexico. He has also been member of Consultative Boards for Nacional Financiera (NAFIN), Banorte y Banco Nacional de México (Banamex/Citibank). He has an MBA from the Instituto de Estudios Superiores de la Empresa (IESE), in Barcelona, Spain. He has attended upper management courses at IMD in Lausanne, Switzerland and at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business (GSB).

 

Secretary

 

The secretary of the board of directors is Jaime Cortés Rocha, who is not a member of the board of directors.

 

Audit Committee

 

Our Audit Committee consists of Wilfrido Castillo Sánchez-Mejorada (Chairman), Edward Lowenthal, Matthew Zell and Z. Jamie Behar. Our Board of Directors has determined that Mr. Castillo has the attributes of an “audit committee financial expert” as defined by the SEC and that each member of the Audit Committee satisfies the financial literacy requirements of the New York Stock Exchange. Our statutory auditor may attend audit committee meetings, although he does not have the right to vote. Among other duties and responsibilities, the committee issues opinions to the board of directors regarding related party transactions; where if it deems appropriate, it recommends that independent experts be retained to render fairness opinions in connection with related party transactions and tender offers; reviews the critical accounting policies adopted by us and advises the board of directors on changes to such policies; assists the board of directors with planning and conducting internal audits; and prepares a yearly activity report for submission to the board of directors. The committee is also responsible for the appointment, retention, and oversight of any accounting firm engaged for the purpose of preparing or issuing an audit report or performing other audit review or attest services and for the establishment of procedures for the receipt, retention, and treatment of complaints received with respect to accounting, internal controls, or auditing matters and the confidential, anonymous submission by employees with regard to the same.

 

Executive Committee

 

Our Executive Committee consists of Eustaquio Tomás de Nicolás Gutiérrez, Gerardo de Nicolás Gutiérrez, Edward Lowenthal, Luis Alberto Harvey MacKissack and Rafael Matute Labrador. Among other duties and responsibilities, the committee acts on general planning and financial matters not reserved exclusively for action by the board of directors, including appointing and removing our CEO, members of management, and any of our employees; entering into credit agreements on our behalf; and convening shareholders’ meetings.

 

Corporate Governance and Compensation Committee

 

Our corporate governance and compensation committee consists of Luis Alberto Harvey MacKissack, Edward Lowenthal and Matthew Zell. Among other duties and responsibilities, the committee identifies individuals qualified to become board members and makes recommendations to the board of directors and shareholders regarding director and executive nominees; issues opinions to the board of directors regarding related party transactions, develops and recommends to the board of directors a set of corporate governance principles applicable to us; oversees the evaluation of the board and management; and makes recommendations for compensation policies applicable to our executives and officers. The committee also reviews and approves corporate goals and objectives relating to CEO compensation, evaluates the CEO’s performance in light of those goals and objectives, determines and approves the CEO’s compensation level based on this evaluation, and makes recommendations to the board with respect to compensation plans and incentive-compensation plans as well as employee stock option plans.

 

Risk Management Committee

 

Our Risk Management Committee consists of Eustaquio Tomás de Nicolás Gutiérrez, Gerardo de Nicolás Gutiérrez, Edward Lowenthal, Luis Alberto Harvey, Rafael Matute Labrador MacKissack, and Wilfrido Castillo Sánchez-Mejorada. The Committee reviews and approves the activities related to the contracting of hedging instruments of the Company. The Committee also identifies, assesses and limits other business risk associated with the normal activities of the Company. The Committee also identifies, evaluates and establishes limits to other business risks related to the Company’s operations.

 

57



 

Disclosure Committee

 

Our disclosure committee as approved by the Board of Directors is comprised of executives within management. This committee is chaired by the Investor Relations Officer and is comprised of the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, the Manager of Financial Reporting, and the Administrative and Accounting Officer and the General Counsel. Among other duties and responsibilities, the committee establishes the criteria to identify relevant information and reviews before publishing all documents that are to be presented to the general public as well as to buy side and sell side analysts.  By doing this, the committee acts to ensure that the relevant information issued by the Company is accurate in all financial, economic and operative aspects.

 

Ethics Committee

 

Our ethics committee, as approved by the Board of Directors is comprised of executives within management. This committee is comprised of the Chief Executive Officer, the Executive Director of Human Resources and Corporate Responsibility, the General Counsel, the Training Director, the Director of Administrative Support and an external legal counsel.  Among other functions, the committee acts to ensure that the Company complies with its code of ethics and determines the sanctions if certain actions are considered to be not in compliance therewith. The Committee also receives and processes complaints from the Company’s personnel.

 

Senior Management

 

As of the date of this annual report, our senior management is as follows:

 

Name

 

Born

 

Position

Eustaquio Tomás de Nicolás Gutiérrez

 

1961

 

Chairman

 

 

 

 

 

Gerardo de Nicolás Gutiérrez

 

1968

 

Chief Executive Officer

Carlos Moctezuma Velasco

 

1965

 

Chief Financial Officer

Ramón Lafarga Bátiz

 

1960

 

Administrative and Accounting Officer

Monica Lafaire Cruz

 

1964

 

Vice President of Human Resources and Social Responsibility

Rubén Izábal González

 

1968

 

Vice President—Construction

Alberto Menchaca Valenzuela

 

1969

 

Vice President—Affordable Entry-Level Division and Chief Operations Officer

 

 

 

 

 

Julián de Nicolás Gutiérrez

 

1971

 

Vice President—Middle-Income Division

Daniel Leal Díaz-Conti

 

1952

 

Vice President—Sales and Marketing

Alberto Urquiza Quiroz

 

1962

 

Vice President—International Division

 

Eustaquio Tomás de Nicolás Gutiérrez is Chairman of the board of directors. Before co-founding our predecessor in 1989, Mr. de Nicolás founded and managed DENIVE, a clothing manufacturing company. Mr. de Nicolás has been a Board Member of the Mexican Stock Exchange since 2005, and has served as regional Chairman and regional Vice Chairman of the Mexican Chamber of Industrial Housing Promoters and Development, or CANADEVI (Cámara Nacional de la Industria de Desarrollo y Promoción de Vivienda) and as a member of the regional advisory board of financial institutions such as BBVA Bancomer and HSBC (formerly BITAL). Currently, Mr. de Nicolás oversees our main operations, focusing on land acquisition and developing new geographical markets.

 

Gerardo de Nicolás Gutiérrez is the Company’s Chief Executive Officer. Mr. de Nicolás served as Chief Strategic Officer and head of the Executive Committee from October 2006 to June 5, 2007. Mr. de Nicolás also served as the CEO of the Company from 1997 to September 2006. Prior to his appointment as CEO, Mr. de Nicolás served as regional manager, systems manager, and construction manager supervisor. He holds an undergraduate degree in industrial engineering from Universidad Panamericana, in Mexico City and an MBA from Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey in Guadalajara.

 

Carlos Moctezuma Velasco is Homex´s Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Moctezuma had served as Investor Relations Officer since

 

58



 

April, 2004. Mr. Moctezuma was appointed Director of Strategic Planning for the Company in December of 2007. Prior to joining Homex, Mr. Moctezuma served as Senior Manager of Finance and Investor Relations Officer in Grupo Iusacell, S.A. de C.V., a publicly traded Mexican wireless telecommunications company that was formerly a subsidiary of Verizon Communications.  From 1993 to 1999, Mr. Moctezuma held various finance —related positions in Tubos de Acero de Mexico, S.A., including Manager of Investor Relations.  Mr. Moctezuma is President and co-founder of the Mexican Investor Relations Association (AMERI), having held various positions there since 2002.

 

Ramón Lafarga Bátiz has been the Administrative and Accounting Officer of Homex since June 2007. Prior to this position, Mr. Lafarga served as Administrative Vice President from 1993 to 2006. His prior experience includes serving as CEO and partner in Lafarga Bátiz, Contadores Públicos, a public accounting firm, and partner and CEO of a private company specializing in computer equipment.

 

Mónica Lafaire Cruz is the Vice President of Human Development and Social Responsibility and President of Homex Foundation. Mónica Lafaire has served as director of Homex’s regional offices and manager of the trust Homex — Nafin.  She was also responsible for implementing the supply chain program with NAFIN. Besides her work at Homex, she taught finance, philosophy and management at the Universidad Panamericana.  Mónica Lafaire has a degree in business administration from La Salle University.

 

Rubén Izábal González has served as Vice President—Construction since 1997. Prior to joining Homex, Mr. Izabal served at different construction companies, including Gomez y Gonzales Constructores, Provisur S.A. de C.V., Promotoria de Vivienda del Pacifico, S.A. de C.V., and Constructor Giza, S.A. de C.V. Currently, Mr. Izabal oversees our construction operations, with a focus on the homebuilding process. Mr. Izabal earned an undergraduate degree in architecture from Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores del Occidente in Guadalajara, Jalisco. Mr. Izabal also earned an associate degree in Business Management from Instituto Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey.

 

Alberto Menchaca Valenzuela has served as Vice President—Affordable Entry-Level and Chief Operations Officer since January 2007. Prior to this appointment, Mr. Menchaca served as Vice President—Operations from 2000 to 2006 and as finance manager from 1996 to 2000. His prior experience includes work at Banco Mexicano, InverMexico and Banca Confia. Currently, Mr. Menchaca oversees our affordable entry-level division with a focus on home deliveries and branch management. Mr. Menchaca earned an undergraduate degree in agricultural engineering from Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro in Saltillo, Coahuila.

 

Julián de Nicolás Gutiérrez has served as Vice President—Middle-Income Division since January 2007. Prior to becoming Vice President—Middle-Income Division, he served as Regional Director for the western zone from 2005 to 2007 and started the operations of the Company in the city of Guadalajara in 2002. Currently, Mr. de Nicolás oversees our middle-income division, with a focus on home deliveries and branch management. Mr. de Nicolás holds an undergraduate degree in marketing from Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey in Monterrey, and an associate degree from Instituto Panamericano de Alta Dirección de Empresas (IPADE).

 

Daniel Leal Díaz-Conti has served as Vice President—Sales and Marketing since January 2007. Mr. Leal joined Homex from Hipotecaria Nacional, where he served as Deputy General Director of Sales and Marketing. Mr. Leal was also President of the mortgage chapter of the Mexican Association of Banks until February 2007. Mr. Leal has an undergraduate degree in economics from Universidad Veracruzana.

 

Alberto Urquiza Quiroz serves as Vice President—International Division. Mr. Urquiza also served as Vice president of NAFIN (Nacional Financiera), a Mexican development bank for five years, where he held several positions including Government Banking VP, Business Development VP and Mexico City Metropolitan Area VP. Prior thereto Mr. Alberto worked in Bancomer, one of the biggest banks in Mexico, for more than 15 years as Government Banking VP, Corporate Banking VP and Finance Engineer. He also owns a software company. He holds an undergraduate degree in business administration from Universidad Iberoamericana in Mexico City, an MBA from IPADE Business School and a postgraduate in Finance from Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México (ITAM).

 

Compensation of Directors and Senior Management

 

Each member of the board of directors is paid a fee of US$12,500 for each board meeting that he or she attends, subject to an annual cap of US$50,000. In addition, members of the audit committee are also paid an annual compensation fee of US$25,000 (the chairman of the audit committee’s annual compensation is US$35,000 and members of the executive, corporate governance and compensation committees are paid an annual fee of US$5,000).

 

59



 

For 2008, the aggregate amount of compensation net of taxes paid to all directors, alternate directors and committee members was approximately US$420,808, which includes US$108,348 of variable compensation for directors paid during the second quarter of 2008.

 

For 2008, the aggregate amount of compensation paid to all executive officers through the Long Term Executives Stock Option Plan was approximately US$44,984.

 

We offer a bonus plan to our directors and senior management that is based on individual performance and our results of operations. This variable compensation can range from 30% to 50% of annual base compensation, depending on the employee’s level.

 

Since late 2007 we offer a stock option plan as an incentive to key executives of the Company. The shares for the stock option plan for executives (999,200 shares) were repurchased by the Company, through a trust especially created for this purpose. In 2007, 978,298 stock options were granted to the key executives at an exercise price of greater than the market value at the grant date of Ps.98.08. In 2008, 612,516 were granted to the executives.

 

The executives have the right to exercise one-third of their total options granted per year. The right to exercise the option expires three years from the grant date or, in some cases, after 180 days from the departure of the executive from the Company. Given the condition of the equity markets in 2008, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer extended the Company’s option policy to allow executives to exercise their options one year later than previously permitted under the policy, if they had not exercised any options during the previous year.

 

The average remaining life of the options is 2.5 and 2.1 years as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The average fair value of all the stock options granted was Ps.6.02 and Ps. 18.42 pesos per stock option, as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 

The total compensation cost related to non-vested stock option awards not yet recognized was Ps. 3,687 and Ps. 18,019 at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 

EMPLOYEES

 

As of December 31, 2008, we had a total of approximately 17,280 employees; 17,251 of these employees were employed in Mexico and 29 were employed in India. Our total employees for 2007, 2006 and 2005 were 15,127, 11,948, and 7,337, respectively. Of our total employees as of December 31, 2008, approximately 30% were white-collar and 70% were blue-collar.

 

Share Ownership

 

The following table sets forth the beneficial ownership of our capital stock by our directors and senior management as of the date of this annual report:

 

Name

 

Number of
Common Shares
Owned

 

Percentage of
Common Shares
Outstanding

 

Eustaquio Tomás de Nicolás Gutiérrez

 

36,640,369

 

10.91

%

Gerardo de Nicolás Gutiérrez

 

34,808,351

 

10.36

%

José Ignacio de Nicolás Gutiérrez

 

8,363,326

 

2.49

%

Julián de Nicolás Gutiérrez

 

27,480,277

 

8.18

%

Carlos Moctezuma Velasco

 

*

 

*

 

Ramón Lafarga Bátiz

 

*

 

*

 

Mónica Lafaire Cruz

 

*

 

*

 

Daniel Leal Díaz-Conti

 

*

 

*

 

Rubén Izabal González

 

*

 

*

 

Alberto Menchaca Valenzuela

 

*

 

*

 

Alberto Urquiza Quiroz

 

*

 

*

 

Luis Alberto Harvey MacKissack

 

*

 

*

 

Matthew M. Zell

 

*

 

*

 

Z. Jamie Behar

 

*

 

*

 

Wilfrido Castillo Sanchez-Mejorada

 

*

 

*

 

Edward Lowenthal

 

*

 

*

 

Rafael Matute Labrador

 

*

 

*

 

 

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*              Beneficially owns less than one percent of the outstanding shares of our capital stock.

 

ITEM 7.       Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions.

 

MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS

 

As of December 31, 2008, there were 334,870,350 common shares issued and outstanding, with 153,429,216 shares held in the United States in the form of American Depositary Shares by six record holders. The remaining shares were held through Mexican custodians. Because certain of the shares are held by nominees, the number of record holders may not be representative of the number of beneficial holders.

 

On January 24, 2006, the Company completed a successful non-dilutive secondary public offering of approximately 45.6 million shares of its common stock by a group of investors controlled by Mr. Carlos Romano, the former majority investor of Beta, who sold his position in Homex as part of his overall financial strategy. Equity International Properties also sold approximately 33.0% of its position. Consequently, the public float of the Company was increased to 46.0% of the total equity of Homex.

 

On May 15, 2007, Mr. José Ignacio de Nicolas Gutierrez, a member of the Homex board of directors, sold a significant portion of his interest in Homex through the Mexican Stock Exchange, decreasing the percentage of shares owned by the de Nicolás family and increasing the public float of the Company to 54.0% of the total equity of Homex.

 

On July 26, 2007, Equity International Properties, LLC, a shareholder of the Company, sold approximately 8.6 million common shares through the Mexican Stock Exchange. These shares represented 20% of its ownership in the Company. The public float of the Company was increased to 56.61% of the total equity of Homex.

 

On November 8, 2007, the main shareholders of Homex, led by Mr. Eustaquio de Nicolás Gutierrez, chairman of the board of directors of Homex, acquired 6.7 million common shares of Homex from EIP Investment Holdings L.L.C., an indirect subsidiary of EIP, in a private transaction.

 

On February 5, 2008, the de Nicolás family acquired 17,142,857 common shares of Homex from EIP in a private transaction. On April 25, 2008, pursuant to the investment policies of EIP’s investment fund, EIP sold the rest of its approximately 11 million common shares of Homex in a private transaction. As of March 31, 2009, EIP had an ownership equivalent to 1.0% of the Company’s common shares. See “Item 4.  Information on the Company—Business Overview—Our Relationship with Equity International Properties, Inc.”

 

The de Nicolás family now holds 35% of Homex’s capital. The public float remains below 65%.

 

The table below sets forth information concerning the percentage of our capital stock owned by any person known to us to be the owner of 5% or more of any class of our voting securities, our directors and officers as a group and our other shareholders as of June 26, 2009. The Company’s major shareholders do not have different or preferential voting rights with respect to the shares they own.

 

 

 

As of June 26, 2009

 

Identity of Shareholder

 

Number of Shares

 

% of Share Capital

 

de Nicolás family(1)(2)

 

117,777,176

 

35.00

%

Total(3)

 

335,869,550

 

100.00

%

 


(1)

Following the acquisition of Beta.

 

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(2)

Held by Ixe Banco, S.A. as trustee of Trust No. F/466 for the benefit of the de Nicolás family, including Eustaquio Tomás de Nicolás Gutiérrez, José Ignacio de Nicolás Gutiérrez, Gerardo de Nicolás Gutiérrez, Julián de Nicolás Gutiérrez and Ana Luz de Nicolás Gutiérrez. Voting and dispositive control over these shares is directed by a Technical Committee comprised of Eustaquio Tomás de Nicolás Gutiérrez, José Ignacio de Nicolás Gutiérrez, Gerardo de Nicolás Gutiérrez, Julián de Nicolás Gutiérrez and Juan Carlos Torres Cisneros.

 

 

(3)

Includes public shareholders that in the aggregate hold 65% of our share capital.

 

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RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

 

We have engaged, and in the future may engage, in transactions with our shareholders and companies affiliated with our shareholders. We believe that the transactions in which we have engaged with these parties have been made on terms that are no less favorable to us than those that could be obtained from unrelated third parties. We currently require that transactions with our shareholders and companies affiliated with our shareholders be approved by our board of directors after considering the recommendation of our audit committee or our corporate governance and compensation committee and, in certain cases, after an independent fairness opinion, as required by the Mexican Securities Market Law and other applicable laws.

 

The Company was party to an administrative service agreement with two entities (Serviasesorías and Administradores de la Empresa en Equipo, S.C.), whose principal owners are officers of the Company, for which PICSA paid a 5% fee based on total expenses. The amounts paid under this agreement totaled Ps.55,389 and Ps.88,232 in 2007 and 2006, respectively.  No amounts were paid in 2008. As of April 1, 2007, these companies entered into a liquidation process and the employees were transferred to subsidiaries of the Company.

 

Financing from Related Parties

 

Hipotecaria Crédito y Casa, S.A. de C.V.

 

Eustaquio de Nicolás Gutiérrez, our Chairman, and José Ignacio de Nicolás Gutiérrez, brother of Eustaquio de Nicolás Gutiérrez, collectively owned a 29.4% ownership interest in Hipotecaria Crédito y Casa, S.A. de C.V, or Crédito y Casa, the principal business of which is providing mortgage financing and bridge loan financing. We estimate that in 2008, 2007 and 2006, 0.1% of the mortgages obtained by our homebuyers were provided by Hipotecaria Crédito y Casa, S.A. de C.V.

 

Eustaquio de Nicolás Gutiérrez and Jose Ignacio de Nicolás Gutiérrez are both members of the de Nicolás family, which collectively owns 13.4% of our share capital. In the past, Crédito y Casa has provided bridge loan financing to us and mortgages under SHF-sponsored programs to our customers. During 2006, 2007 and 2008, Crédito y Casa provided mortgages with respect to some of the homes sold by us.

 

On November 19, 2007, Hipotecaria Crédito y Casa, S.A. de C.V. was purchased by an independent group of investors, and is no longer an affiliate.

 

Financing to Related Parties

 

No related party transactions were reported in 2008 and 2007.

 

Land Purchases from Related Parties

 

No related party transactions were reported in 2008 and 2007.

 

ITEM 8.       Financial Information.

 

See “Item 18. Financial Statements.”  For information on our dividend policy, see “Item 3. Key Information—Dividends.” For information on legal proceedings related to us, see “—Legal Proceedings.”

 

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

As of the date of this annual report, we are involved in certain legal proceedings incidental to the normal operation of our business. We do not believe that liabilities resulting from these proceedings are likely to have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, cash flow, or results of operations.

 

In July 2007, the Company entered into an agreement with Empreendimentos Imobiliarios Limitada (“E.O.M.”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to contribute 67% and E.O.M. agreed to contribute 33% of the projected 4.0 million Brazilian Reals capital stock of Homex Brasil Incorporacoes and Construcoes Imobiliarios Limitada (Homex Brasil). Following disagreements with E.O.M., the Company exercised its right to terminate the 2007 agreement.

 

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In November of 2008, the Company reached a settlement with E.O.M. and terminated the 2007 agreement. Pursuant to the settlement, the Company agreed to purchase the Khafif family’s 33% interest in Homex Brasil for 8,352,941 Brazilian Reals, equivalent to approximately Ps. 48.5 million. As of December 31, 2008, Homex had paid 2.1 million Brazilian Reals (Ps.11.7 million). The remaining balance will be paid in four equal payments in the months of April and October of 2009 and 2010. The Company has treated the step acquisition of this minority interest as a transaction between entities under common control, as is appropriate under MFRS. Because E.O.M. had negligible identifiable tangible or intangible assets as of the date of the transaction, the Company has recognized the entire amount of this transaction as a settlement expense (other expense) in the statement of income for 2008 (See Note 21).

 

Pursuant to the settlement, the Company is able to operate in Brazil with a 100%-owned subsidiary.

 

ITEM 9.       The Offer and Listing.

 

Our common shares have been traded on the Mexican Stock Exchange (Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, S.A. de C.V.) since June 29, 2004. The ADSs, each representing six common shares, have been trading on the New York Stock Exchange since June 29, 2004. On December 31, 2008, there were 334,870,350 outstanding common shares (of which 153,429,216 were represented by 25,571,536 ADSs held by six holders of record in the United States).

 

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the quarterly and monthly high and low closing sale prices of our common shares and ADSs as reported by the Mexican Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange, respectively.

 

 

 

Mexican Stock Exchange

 

NYSE

 

 

 

High

 

Low

 

High

 

Low

 

 

 

(Ps. per share)

 

(U.S. $ per ADS)
(one ADS=
six common shares)

 

2005

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3rd Quarter

 

56.34

 

48.68

 

31.97

 

26.98

 

4th Quarter

 

58.77

 

49.18

 

32.80

 

27.21

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2006

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1st Quarter

 

66.85

 

54.80

 

38.21

 

30.68

 

2nd Quarter

 

71.26

 

51.90

 

38.98

 

27.11

 

3rd Quarter

 

70.97

 

56.37

 

39.45

 

30.85

 

4th Quarter

 

108.16

 

68.23

 

59.90

 

36.97

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1st Quarter

 

117.20

 

93.71

 

64.14

 

50.03

 

2nd Quarter

 

115.35

 

104.62

 

63.16

 

57.13

 

3rd Quarter

 

112.02

 

89.89

 

62.37

 

49.59

 

4th Quarter

 

105.18

 

82.47

 

57.90

 

44.97

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2008

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1st Quarter

 

112.90

 

84.11

 

62.8

 

45.99

 

2nd Quarter

 

120.10

 

100.49

 

69.85

 

58.58

 

3rd Quarter

 

103.04

 

74.92

 

60.84

 

41.41

 

4th Quarter

 

77.60

 

27.17

 

42.51

 

12.05

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2009

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

January 2009

 

56.78

 

42.94

 

25.55

 

18.37

 

February 2009

 

51.69

 

31.82

 

21.89

 

12.52

 

March 2009

 

35.53

 

26.06

 

14.99

 

10.05

 

April 2009

 

51.49

 

33.58

 

23.65

 

14.54

 

May 2009

 

59.49

 

43.17

 

27.02

 

19.38

 

June 26, 2009

 

65.83

 

57.19

 

29.21

 

25.67

 

 

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On June 26, 2009, the last reported sale price of the common shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange was Ps.59.79 per common share and the last reported sale price of the ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange was US$27.20 per ADS.

 

MEXICAN STOCK EXCHANGE

 

The Mexican Stock Exchange, located in Mexico City, is the only stock exchange in Mexico. Operating continuously since 1907, the Mexican Stock Exchange is organized as a corporation (sociedad anónima bursátil de capital variable). Securities are traded on the Mexican Stock Exchange each business day from 8:30 a.m. to 3:00 p.m., Mexico City time.

 

Since January 1999, all trading on the Mexican Stock Exchange has been effected electronically. The Mexican Stock Exchange may impose a number of measures to promote an orderly and transparent trading price of securities, including the operation of a system of automatic suspension of trading in shares of a particular issuer when price fluctuation exceeds certain limits. The Mexican Stock Exchange may also suspend trading in shares of a particular issuer as a result of:

 

·       non-disclosure of material events; or

 

·       changes in the offer or demand, volume traded, or prevailing share price, that are inconsistent with the shares’ historical performance and cannot be explained through publicly available information.

 

The Mexican Stock Exchange may reinstate trading in suspended shares when it deems that the material events have been adequately disclosed to public investors or when it deems that the issuer has adequately explained the reasons for the changes in offer and demand, volume traded, or prevailing share price. Under current regulations, the Mexican Stock Exchange may consider the measures adopted by other stock exchanges in order to suspend and/or resume trading in an issuer’s shares in cases where the relevant securities are simultaneously traded on a stock exchange outside Mexico.

 

Settlement on the Mexican Stock Exchange is effected two business days after a share transaction. Deferred settlement is not permitted without the approval of the CNBV, even where mutually agreed. Most securities traded on the Mexican Stock Exchange are on deposit with the Mexican Securities Depository, or INDEVAL (S.D. Indeval, S.A. de C.V., Institución para el Depósito de Valores, S.A. de C.V.), a privately owned securities depositary that acts as a clearinghouse, depositary, and custodian, as well as a settlement, transfer, and registration agent for Mexican Stock Exchange transactions, eliminating the need for physical transfer of securities.

 

Although the Mexican Securities Market Law (Ley del Mercado de Valores) provides for the existence of an over-the-counter market, no such market for securities in Mexico has developed.

 

Market Regulation and Registration Standards

 

In 1925, the Mexican Banking Commission (Comisión Nacional Bancaria) was established to regulate banking activity and in 1946 the Mexican Securities Commission (Comisión Nacional Bancaria y de Valores) was established to regulate stock market activity. In 1995, these two entities were merged to form the CNBV. The New Mexican Securities Market Law, which took effect in 1975, introduced important structural changes to the Mexican financial system, including the organization of brokerage firms as corporations (sociedades anónimas). The New Mexican Securities Market Law sets standards for authorizing companies to operate as brokerage firms, which authorization is granted at the discretion of the CNBV by resolution of its board of governors. In addition to setting standards for brokerage firms, the Mexican Securities Market Law authorizes the CNBV, among other things, to regulate the public offering and trading of securities and to impose sanctions for the illegal use of insider information and other violations of the New Mexican Securities Market Law. The CNBV regulates the Mexican securities market, the Mexican Stock Exchange, and brokerage firms through a board of governors composed of 13 members.

 

Effective June 28, 2006, the New Mexican Securities Market Law requires issuers to increase the protections offered to minority shareholders and to bring corporate governance practices in line with international standards. Such protections and corporate governance practices have been incorporated to our bylaws. See “Item 3. Key Information—Risk Factors — Risk Factors Related to Mexico — Minority shareholders have different rights against us, our directors, or our controlling shareholders in Mexico.”

 

To offer securities to the public in Mexico, an issuer must meet specific qualitative and quantitative requirements. In addition, only securities that have been registered with the Mexican Securities Registry pursuant to CNBV approval may be listed on

 

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the Mexican Stock Exchange. The CNBV’s approval for registration does not imply any kind of certification or assurance related to the investment quality of the securities, the solvency of the issuer, or the accuracy or completeness of any information delivered to the CNBV.

 

In March 2003, the CNBV issued certain general regulations applicable to issuers and other securities market participants. The general regulations, which repealed several previously enacted CNBV regulations (circulares), now provide a single set of rules governing issuers and issuer activity, among other things. The CNBV general regulations were amended to conform to the New Mexican Securities Market Law by resolution of the CNBV published on September 22, 2006, and were updated on September 19, 2008 and January 27, 2009.

 

The general regulations state that the Mexican Stock Exchange must adopt minimum requirements for issuers to list their securities in Mexico. These requirements relate to matters such as operating history, financial and capital structure, and distribution. The general regulations also state that the Mexican Stock Exchange must implement minimum requirements for issuers to maintain their listing in Mexico. These requirements relate to matters such as financial condition, trading minimums, and capital structure, among others. The Mexican Stock Exchange will review compliance with the foregoing requirements and other requirements on an annual, semi-annual and quarterly basis. The Mexican Stock Exchange must inform the CNBV of the results of its review and this information must, in turn, be disclosed to investors. If an issuer fails to comply with any of the foregoing requirements, the Mexican Stock Exchange will request that the issuer propose a plan to cure the violation. If the issuer fails to propose a plan, or if the plan is not satisfactory to the Mexican Stock Exchange, or if an issuer does not make substantial progress with respect to the corrective measures, trading of the relevant series of shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange will be temporarily suspended. In addition, if an issuer fails to propose a plan or ceases to follow the plan once proposed, the CNBV may suspend or cancel the registration of the shares.

 

Issuers of listed securities are required to file unaudited quarterly financial statements and audited annual financial statements as well as various periodic reports with the CNBV and the Mexican Stock Exchange. Mexican issuers must file the following reports with the CNBV:

 

·       an annual report prepared in accordance with CNBV regulations by no later than June 30 of each year (analogous to reports filed with the SEC by U.S. issuers on Form 10-K and by foreign private issuers on Form 20-F);

 

·       quarterly reports, within 20 days following the end of each of the first three quarters and 40 days following the end of the fourth quarter (analogous to reports filed with the SEC by U.S. issuers on Form 10-Q); and

 

·       current reports promptly upon the occurrence of material events (analogous to reports filed with the SEC by U.S. issuers on Form 8-K and by foreign private issuers on Form 6-K).

 

Pursuant to the CNBV’s general regulations, the internal rules of the Mexican Stock Exchange were amended to implement an automated electronic information transfer system, or SEDI (Sistema Electrónico de Envío y Difusión de Información), for information required to be filed with the Mexican Stock Exchange. Issuers of listed securities must prepare and disclose their financial information via a Mexican Stock Exchange-approved electronic financial information system, or SIFIC (Sistema de Información Financiera Computarizada). Immediately upon its receipt, the Mexican Stock Exchange makes financial information prepared via SIFIC available to the public.

 

The CNBV’s general regulations and the rules of the Mexican Stock Exchange require issuers of listed securities to file information through SEDI that relates to any act, event, or circumstance that could influence an issuer’s share price. If listed securities experience unusual price volatility, the Mexican Stock Exchange must immediately request that the issuer inform the public as to the causes of the volatility or, if the issuer is unaware of the causes, that the issuer make a statement to that effect. In addition, the Mexican Stock Exchange must immediately request that issuers disclose any information relating to relevant material events, when it deems the information currently disclosed to be insufficient, as well as instruct issuers to clarify the information when necessary. The Mexican Stock Exchange may request issuers to confirm or deny any material events that have been disclosed to the public by third parties when it deems that the material event may affect or influence the securities being traded. The Mexican Stock Exchange must immediately inform the CNBV of any such requests. In addition, the CNBV may also make any of these requests directly to issuers. An issuer may defer the disclosure of material events under some circumstances, as long as:

 

·       the issuer implements adequate confidentiality measures;

 

·       the information is related to incomplete transactions;

 

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·     there is no misleading public information relating to the material event; and

 

·     no unusual price or volume fluctuation occurs.

 

The CNBV and the Mexican Stock Exchange may suspend trading in an issuer’s securities:

 

·     if the issuer does not disclose a material event; or

 

·     upon price or volume volatility or changes in the offer or demand in respect of the relevant securities that are not consistent with the historic performance of the securities and cannot be explained solely through information made publicly available pursuant to the CNBV’s general regulations.

 

The Mexican Stock Exchange must immediately inform the CNBV and the general public of any such suspension. An issuer may request that the CNBV or the Mexican Stock Exchange resume trading, assuming the issuer demonstrates that the causes triggering the suspension have been resolved and that it is in full compliance with the periodic reporting requirements under the applicable law. If the issuer’s request has been granted, the Mexican Stock Exchange will determine the appropriate mechanism to resume trading. If trading in an issuer’s securities is suspended for more than 20 business days and the issuer is authorized to resume trading without conducting a public offering, the issuer must disclose via SEDI a description of the causes that resulted in the suspension and reasons why it is now authorized to resume trading before trading may resume.

 

Similarly, if an issuer’s securities are traded on both the Mexican Stock Exchange and a foreign securities exchange, the issuer must simultaneously file the information that it is required to file pursuant to the laws and regulations of the foreign jurisdiction with the CNBV and the Mexican Stock Exchange.

 

Pursuant to the New Mexican Securities Market Law:

 

·     members of the board of directors and principal officers of a listed issuer;

 

·     shareholders controlling 10% or more of a listed issuer’s outstanding share capital, and the directors and principal officers of such shareholders;

 

·     groups having significant influence on a listed issuer; and

 

·     other insiders

 

must abstain from purchasing or selling securities of the issuer within 90 days from the most recent public tender of shares of the issuer for sale or purchase, respectively. Shareholders of issuers listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange must notify the Mexican Stock Exchange of any transactions made in or outside the Mexican Stock Exchange that result in a transfer of 10% or more but less than 30% of an issuer’s share capital on the day following the respective transaction.

 

The New Mexican Securities Market Law requires any acquirer of more than 30% of an issuer’s outstanding share capital to make a public tender offer.

 

Any intended acquisition of a public company’s shares that results in the acquirer obtaining control of the company requires the potential acquirer to make a tender offer for 100% of the company’s outstanding share capital. These tender offers must be made at the same price for all tendering shareholders. The board of directors must give an opinion on any tender offer within 10 days after the tender offer notice.

 

In addition, the New Mexican Securities Market Law requires shareholders holding 10% or more of a listed issuer’s share capital to notify the CNBV of any share transfer.

 

Pursuant to the January 27, 2009 CNBV regulations update, the Company must notify the CNBV by June 30 of each year the individual shareholdings by directors and executive officers of 1% or more of the Company’s share capital, or any other shareholdings of more than 5% of said capital.

 

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New Mexican Securities Market Law

 

The Mexican legislature issued a New Mexican Securities Market Law effective June 28, 2006. The amendments provide, among other things, that:

 

·     issuers must have a board of directors with at least five and not more than 21 members, of which 25% must qualify as “independent directors” under Mexican law;

 

·     issuers’ boards of directors must approve related party transactions and material asset transactions;

 

·     issuers must appoint and maintain an audit committee and a corporate governance committee; and

 

·     issuers must provide additional protections for minority shareholders.

 

The New Mexican Securities Market Law permits issuers to include anti-takeover defenses in their bylaws and provides for specified minority rights and protections, among other things.

 

The New Mexican Securities Market Law does not permit issuers to implement mechanisms where common shares and limited or non-voting shares are jointly traded or offered to public investors, unless the limited or non-voting shares are convertible into common shares within a term of up to five years. In addition, the aggregate amount of shares with limited or non-voting rights may not exceed 25% of the aggregate amount of publicly-held shares, unless approved by the CNBV.

 

ITEM 10.       Additional Information.

 

BYLAWS

 

Set forth below is a brief summary of certain significant provisions of (1) our bylaws, as amended by our shareholders in accordance with the New Mexican Securities Market Law and regulations, and (2) the Mexican Companies Law. This description does not purport to be complete and is qualified by reference to our bylaws, which have previously been filed with the SEC.

 

Organization and Register

 

We are a corporation (sociedad anónima bursátil de capital variable) organized in Mexico under the Ley General de Sociedades Mercantiles, or the Mexican Companies Law and the Ley del Mercado de Valores, or the New Mexican Securities Market Law. We were incorporated on March 30, 1998 and the duration of our corporate life is indefinite. Our corporate purpose, as fully described in Article 2 of our bylaws, is to act as a holding company. As such, our bylaws grant us the power to engage in various activities, which allow us to function as a holding company. These powers include, but are not limited to, the ability to (i) promote, establish, organize and administer all types of companies, mercantile or civil; (ii) acquire or dispose of stock or interests in other mercantile or civil companies, either by taking part in their formation or acquiring shares or interests in companies that are already in existence; (iii) receive from third parties and give to the companies of which it is a shareholder or partner or to any other third party, guidance or technical consulting services, including services in the fields of administration, accounting, merchandising or financing; (iv) obtain, acquire, utilize or dispose of any patent, brand or commercial name, franchise or rights in industrial property in Mexico or abroad; (v) obtain any type of financing or loan, with or without a specific guarantee, and grant loans to mercantile or civil companies or other persons in which the company has an interest or with others with which it has a business relationship; (vi) grant any type of guarantee and endorsement in respect to obligations or credit instruments, for the benefit of mercantile or civil companies or other persons with which the company has an interest or with which it maintains a business relationship; (vii) issue, subscribe, draw, accept and endorse all types of credit instruments, including obligations with or without a guarantee; (viii) acquire, rent, administer, sell, mortgage, pledge, encumber or dispose of goods, in whatever form, being movable or immovable, as well as rights over the same; (ix) execute any kind of act and formalize any kind of labor, civil, mercantile or administrative agreement or contract permitted by Mexican legislation, with real and corporate personalities that are either public or private, obtaining from these, concessions, permits and authorizations relating directly or indirectly to the company’s objectives as set forth in its bylaws, including, actively or passively contracting any type of services, consulting work, supervisory work and technical direction that would be necessary or proper for the aforementioned goals; (x) issue treasury stock in accordance with Article 81 of the New Mexican Securities Market Law; (xi) establish agencies or representatives and act as broker, agent, representative, mercantile mediator or distributor; and (xii) perform any acts necessary to accomplish the foregoing.

 

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Directors

 

Our bylaws provide that our board of directors will consist of a minimum of five and a maximum of 21 members, as resolved by the relevant shareholders’ meeting. At least 25% of the members of our board of directors must be independent pursuant to Mexican law. At each shareholders’ meeting for the election of directors, holders of at least 10% of our outstanding share capital are entitled to appoint one member of the board of directors.

 

Pursuant to Mexican law, any director who has a conflict of interest with us relating to a proposed transaction must disclose the conflict and refrain from voting on the transaction or be liable for damages. Directors receive compensation as determined at the ordinary shareholders’ meetings.

 

Authority of the Board of Directors

 

The board of directors is our legal representative and is authorized to take any action in connection with our operations not expressly reserved to our shareholders. Pursuant to the New Mexican Securities Market Law, the board of directors must approve, among other things:

 

·     strategic decisions for the Company and its subsidiaries;

 

·     any transactions outside the ordinary course of business to be undertaken with related parties;

 

·     significant asset transfers or acquisitions;

 

·     credit policies;

 

·     granting material guarantees or collateral;

 

·     designation of the Chief Executive Officer (or Director General); and

 

·     any other important transactions.

 

Meetings of our board of directors are validly convened and held if a majority of its members are present. Resolutions passed at these meetings will be valid if approved by a majority of the disinterested members of the board of directors present at the meeting. If required, the chairman of the board of directors may cast a tie-breaking vote.

 

Voting Rights and Shareholders’ Meetings

 

Each common share entitles its holder to one vote at any meeting of our shareholders.

 

Under Mexican law and our bylaws, we may hold two types of shareholders’ meetings: ordinary and extraordinary.

 

Ordinary shareholders’ meetings are those called to discuss any issues not reserved for extraordinary shareholders’ meetings. An annual ordinary shareholders’ meeting must be held within the first four months following the end of each fiscal year to discuss, among other things:

 

·     approving or modifying the report of the board of directors including the audited year-end financial statements, as well as the report of the Chief Executive Officer (or Director General);

 

·     allocating profits, if applicable;

 

·     appointing or ratifying the appointment of members of the board of directors and the secretary, and determining their compensation;

 

·     appointing the chairman of the audit committee and of the corporate governance committee;

 

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·     designating the maximum amount that may be allocated to share repurchases;

 

·     discussing the audit committee’s and corporate governance committee’s annual reports to the board of directors; and

 

·     approving transactions of the Company and subsidiaries representing 20% or more of the consolidated assets of the Company.

 

Extraordinary shareholders’ meetings may be called to consider any of the following matters, among other things:

 

·     extending the corporate duration of the Company;

 

·     dissolution;

 

·     increases or reductions of our fixed share capital;

 

·     changes in the Company’s corporate purpose or nationality;

 

·     transformation or merger;

 

·     issues of preferred shares;

 

·     share redemptions;

 

·     delisting of our shares with the Mexican Securities Registry or with any stock exchange;

 

·     any amendments to our bylaws; and

 

·     any other matters for which applicable Mexican law or the bylaws specifically require an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting.

 

The board of directors, the audit committee and the corporate governance committee may call any shareholders’ meeting. Any shareholder or group of shareholders with voting rights representing at least 10% of our share capital may request in writing that the board of directors call a shareholders’ meeting to discuss the matters indicated in the written request. If the board of directors fails to call a meeting within 15 calendar days following the date of such written request, the shareholder or group of shareholders may request that a competent court call the meeting. A single shareholder may call a shareholders’ meeting if no meeting has been held for two consecutive years or if matters to be dealt with at an ordinary shareholders’ meeting have not been considered.

 

Holders of 20% of our outstanding shares may oppose any resolution adopted at a shareholders’ meeting and file a petition for a court order to suspend the resolution temporarily within 15 days following the adjournment of the meeting at which the action was taken, provided that the challenged resolution violates Mexican law or our bylaws and the opposing shareholders neither attended the meeting nor voted in favor of the challenged resolution. In order to obtain such a court order, the opposing shareholder must deliver a bond to the court in order to secure payment of any damages that we may suffer as a result of suspending the resolution in the event that the court ultimately rules against the opposing shareholder. Shareholders representing at least 10% of the shares present at a shareholders’ meeting may request to postpone a vote on a specific matter on which they consider themselves to be insufficiently informed.

 

Notices of shareholders’ meetings must be published in the official gazette of Sinaloa and in one newspaper of general circulation in the country at least 15 calendar days prior to the date of the meeting. Each notice must set forth the place, date, and time of the meeting and the matters to be addressed and must be signed by whomever convenes the meeting. Shareholders’ meetings will be deemed validly held and convened without a prior notice or publication whenever all the shares representing our capital are duly represented. All relevant information relating to the shareholders’ meeting must be made available to shareholders starting on the date the notice is published.

 

To be admitted to any shareholders’ meeting, shareholders must be registered in our share registry or provide evidence of

 

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their status as shareholders as provided in our bylaws (including through certificates provided by INDEVAL and INDEVAL participants). Shareholders may appoint one or more attorneys-in-fact to represent them pursuant to general or special powers of attorney or by a proxy. Attorneys-in-fact may not be directors of Homex.

 

At or prior to the time of the publication of any notice of a shareholders’ meeting, we will provide copies of the notice to the depositary for distribution to the ADS holders. ADS holders are entitled to instruct the depositary as to the exercise of voting rights pertaining to the common shares.

 

Quorum

 

Ordinary shareholders’ meetings are legally convened pursuant to a first notice when a majority of our share capital is present or duly represented. Any number of shares present or duly represented at an ordinary meeting of shareholders convened pursuant to a second or subsequent notice constitutes a quorum. Resolutions at ordinary shareholders’ meetings are valid when approved by a majority of the shares present at the meeting.

 

Extraordinary shareholders’ meetings are regarded as legally convened pursuant to a first notice when at least 75% of the shares of our share capital are present or duly represented. A majority of shares must be present or duly represented at an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting called pursuant to a second or subsequent notice to be considered legally convened. Resolutions at extraordinary shareholders’ meetings are valid when approved by one-half of our share capital.

 

Registration and Transfer

 

We have registered our common shares with the Mexican Securities Registry maintained by the CNBV, as required under the New Mexican Securities Market Law and regulations issued by the CNBV. If we wish to cancel our registration, or if it is cancelled by the CNBV, our shareholders who are deemed to have “control” at that time will be required to make a public offer to purchase all outstanding shares, prior to the cancellation.

 

Our shareholders may hold our common shares as physical certificates or, upon registration, through institutions having accounts at INDEVAL. These accounts may be maintained by brokers, banks and other entities approved by the CNBV. In accordance with Mexican law, only holders listed in our share registry and those holding ownership certificates issued by INDEVAL and INDEVAL participants are recognized as our shareholders.

 

Changes in Share Capital and Pre-emptive Rights

 

Our minimum fixed share capital may be reduced or increased by a resolution of an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting, subject to the provisions of our bylaws, the Mexican General Business Corporations Law, the New Mexican Securities Market Law and regulations issued thereunder. Our variable share capital may be reduced or increased by resolution of an ordinary shareholders’ meeting in compliance with the voting requirements of our bylaws.

 

In the event of a share capital increase, our shareholders will have a pre-emptive right to subscribe and pay for new stock issued as a result of the increase in proportion to their shareholder interest at that time, except if the new stock is issued for a public offering. This pre-emptive right must be exercised by subscribing and paying for the relevant shares within the time period set forth in the resolution authorizing the increase, which will be no less than 15 calendar days following the date of publication of the corresponding notice to our shareholders in the official gazette of Sinaloa and in one newspaper of general circulation in Culiacán, Sinaloa.

 

Share Repurchases

 

Pursuant to the New Mexican Securities Market Law and our bylaws, we may repurchase our shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange at the prevailing market price. Repurchased shares cannot be represented at any shareholders’ meeting. We are not required to create a special reserve for the repurchase of shares and we do not need the approval of our board of directors to effect share repurchases. However, we are required to obtain shareholder approval as described below. In addition, our board of directors must appoint an individual or group of individuals responsible for effecting share repurchases. These repurchases must be made subject to the provisions of the New Mexican Securities Market Law, and carried out, reported, and disclosed in the manner established by the CNBV.

 

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If we intend to repurchase more than 1% of our outstanding common shares at a single trading session, we must inform the public of this intention at least 10 minutes before submitting our bid. If we intend to repurchase 3% or more of our outstanding common shares during a period of 20 trading days, we must conduct a public tender offer for those common shares.

 

We may not submit bids for repurchase during the first and the last 30 minutes of each trading session and we must inform the Mexican Stock Exchange of the results of any share repurchase no later than the following business day.

 

The amount allocated to share repurchases is determined annually by our shareholders at a general ordinary shareholders’ meeting and cannot exceed the aggregate amount of our net profits, including retained profits.

 

Delisting

 

If we decide to cancel the registration of our shares with the Mexican Securities Registry or if the CNBV orders such deregistration, we will be required to make a tender offer to purchase the shares held by minority shareholders prior to such cancellation. Shareholders deemed to have “control” will be secondarily responsible for making such tender offer. The price of the offer to purchase will be the higher of:

 

·     the average trading price on the Mexican Stock Exchange during the last 30 days on which the shares were quoted prior to the date on which the tender offer is made; and

 

·     the book value of the shares as reflected in our latest quarterly report filed with the CNBV and the Mexican Stock Exchange.

 

In order to make the repurchase, we must form a trust and contribute to it the amount required to secure payment of the purchase price offered pursuant to the tender offer to all of our shareholders that did not sell their shares pursuant to the tender offer. The trust must be in force for a period of at least six months from the date of delisting.

 

No later than 10 business days following the commencement of an offering, our board of directors must issue an opinion on the offering price reflecting the opinion of our audit committee and disclosing any potential conflicts of interest that any of the board members may have.  The board’s resolution may be accompanied by a fairness opinion issued by an expert selected by us.

 

Ownership of Share Capital by Subsidiaries

 

Our subsidiaries may not, directly or indirectly, purchase our shares.

 

Redemption

 

Pursuant to the New Mexican Securities Market Law, shareholders are entitled to the redemption of their variable common shares, pro rata, by resolution of the shareholders’ meeting.

 

Liquidation

 

Upon our dissolution, one or more liquidators must be appointed at an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting to wind-up our affairs. All shares will be entitled to participate equally in any distribution upon liquidation.

 

Appraisal Rights and Other Minority Protections

 

If shareholders approve a change in our corporate purpose, nationality, or corporate form, any voting shareholder who voted against these matters is entitled to the redemption of its common shares at book value pursuant to the last financial statements approved by our shareholders at a shareholders’ meeting. These redemption rights must be exercised within 15 days after the shareholders’ meeting at which the matter was approved.

 

Pursuant to the New Mexican Securities Market Law and the Mexican General Business Corporations Law, our bylaws include a number of minority shareholder protections. These minority protections include provisions that permit:

 

·     holders of at least 5% of our outstanding share capital to bring an action for civil liabilities against our directors and

 

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members of our senior management, provided that any recovery is for our benefit and not the benefit of the plaintiffs;

 

·     holders of at least 10% of our shares who are entitled to vote (including in a limited or restricted manner) to request that a shareholders’ meeting be called in certain limited situations;

 

·     holders of at least 10% of our shares who are entitled to vote (including in a limited or restricted manner) at any shareholders’ meeting to request that resolutions with respect to any matter on which they were not sufficiently informed to be postponed;

 

·     holders of at least 10% of our outstanding share capital to appoint one member of our board of directors; and

 

·     holders of at least 20% of our outstanding share capital to contest and suspend any shareholder resolution, subject to certain requirements under Mexican law.

 

In addition, pursuant to the New Mexican Securities Market Law, we are also subject to certain corporate governance requirements, including the requirement to maintain an audit committee and a corporate governance committee and that at least 25% of our directors qualify as independent.  The CNBV is empowered to verify their independence.

 

The protections afforded to minority shareholders under Mexican law are generally different from those in the United States and other jurisdictions, although we believe the New Mexican Securities Market Law has introduced higher corporate governance standards including director fiduciary duties with a comprehensive description of duties of care and loyalty. Mexican civil procedure does not provide for class-action lawsuits.

 

Notwithstanding the foregoing, it is anticipated to be more difficult for our minority shareholders to enforce rights against us or our directors or principal shareholders than it is for shareholders of a U.S. issuer.

 

Information to Shareholders

 

The Mexican General Business Corporations Law establishes that companies, acting through their board of directors, must annually present a report to shareholders at a shareholders’ meeting that includes:

 

·     a report of the directors on the operations of the company and its subsidiaries during the preceding year, as well as on the policies followed by the directors and management;

 

·     an opinion on the Chief Executive Officer’s report on the principal accounting and information policies and criteria followed in the preparation of the financial information;

 

·     a statement of the financial condition of the company at the end of the fiscal year;

 

·     a statement showing the results of operations of the company during the preceding year, as well as changes in the company’s financial condition and share capital during the preceding year; and

 

·     the notes which are required to complete or clarify the above-mentioned information.

 

In addition, the New Mexican Securities Market Law requires that information relating to matters to be discussed at shareholders’ meetings be made available to shareholders from the date on which the notice for the relevant meeting is published.

 

Restrictions Affecting Non-Mexican Shareholders

 

Foreign investment in capital stock of Mexican corporations is regulated by the 1993 Foreign Investment Law and by the 1998 Foreign Investment Regulations to the extent they are not inconsistent with the Foreign Investment Law. The Ministry of Economy and the National Foreign Investment Commission (Comisión Nacional Reguladora de la Inversión Extranjera) are responsible for the administration of the Foreign Investment Law and the Foreign Investment Regulations.

 

Our bylaws do not restrict the participation of non-Mexican investors in our capital stock. However, approval of the

 

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National Foreign Investment Commission must be obtained for foreign investors to acquire a direct or indirect participation in excess of 49% of the capital stock of a Mexican company that has an aggregate asset value that exceeds, at the time of filing the corresponding notice of acquisition, an amount determined annually by the National Foreign Investment Commission.

 

As required by Mexican law, our bylaws provide that non-Mexican shareholders agree to be considered Mexican citizens with respect to:

 

·     shares held by them;

 

·     property rights;

 

·     concessions;

 

·     participations or interests we own; and

 

·     rights and obligations derived from any agreements we have with the Mexican government.

 

As required by Mexican law, our bylaws also provide that non-Mexican shareholders agree to refrain from invoking the protection of their governments in matters relating to their ownership of our shares. Therefore, a non-Mexican shareholder may not ask its government to introduce a diplomatic claim against the government of Mexico with respect to its rights as a shareholder. If the shareholder invokes such governmental protection, its shares could be forfeited to the Mexican government. Notwithstanding these provisions, shareholders do not forfeit any rights they may have under U.S. securities laws.

 

Summary of Differences between Mexican and U.S. Corporate Law

 

You should be aware that the Mexican General Business Corporations Law and the New Mexican Securities Market Law, which apply to us, differ in material respects from laws generally applicable to U.S. corporations and their shareholders. In order to highlight these differences, set forth below is a summary of provisions applicable to us (including modifications adopted pursuant to our bylaws) which differ in material respects from provisions of the corporate law of the State of Delaware.

 

Duties of Directors

 

Under the New Mexican Securities Market Law, directors now have fiduciary duties of care and loyalty specified therein. The duties of directors of public companies are more extensive than the duties of directors of private companies. Actions against directors may be initiated by holders of at least 5% of our outstanding share capital, although any damages recovered from directors are awarded solely to the company.

 

Under the New Mexican Securities Market Law, the business and affairs of a corporation are managed by or under the direction of its board of directors. In exercising their powers, directors are charged with a fiduciary duty of care to protect the interests of the corporation and a fiduciary duty of loyalty to act in the best interests of its shareholders.

 

The duty of care requires that directors act in an informed and deliberate manner, and inform themselves, prior to making a business decision, of all relevant material information reasonably available to them. The duty of care also requires that directors exercise care in overseeing and investigating the conduct of corporate employees. The duty of loyalty may be summarized as the duty to act in good faith, not out of self-interest, and in a manner which the director reasonably believes to be in the best interests of the shareholders.

 

Under the “business judgment rule,” courts generally do not question the business judgment of directors and officers. A party challenging the propriety of a decision of a board of directors bears the burden of rebutting the presumption afforded to directors by the business judgment rule. If the presumption is not rebutted, the business judgment rule attaches to protect the directors from liability for their decisions. Where, however, the presumption is rebutted, the directors bear the burden of demonstrating the fairness of the relevant transaction. However, when the board of directors takes defensive actions in response to a threat to corporate control and approves a transaction resulting in a sale of control of the corporation, Delaware courts subject directors’ conduct to enhanced scrutiny.

 

Under the New Mexican Securities Market Law, directors are exempted from liability for their decisions when they act in

 

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good faith and in compliance with all legal and bylaw requirements, and based on information provided by management, having selected the best alternative, according to their best judgment and after considering the foreseeable negative effects. Mexican courts have not yet interpreted these new standards of conduct for directors.

 

Interested Directors

 

The New Mexican Securities Market Law requires that our corporate governance committee issue an opinion with regard to transactions and arrangements with related parties, including directors. These transactions and arrangements must be approved by our board of directors, except for immaterial transactions or transactions with affiliates in the normal course of business and at market prices. Mexican law provides that a member of the board of directors can be liable for failing to disclose a conflict of interest and for voting on a transaction in which he or she has a conflict of interest.

 

Under Delaware law, a transaction entered into with regard to which a director has an interest would not be avoidable if:

 

·     the material facts with respect to such interested director’s relationship or interests are disclosed or are known to the board of directors, and the board of directors in good faith authorizes the transaction by the affirmative vote of a majority of the disinterested directors;

 

·     the material facts are disclosed or are known to the shareholders entitled to vote on the transaction, and the transaction is specifically approved in good faith by vote of the majority of shares entitled to vote thereon; or

 

·     the transaction is fair to the corporation as of the time it is authorized, approved or ratified. Under Delaware law, an interested director could be held liable for a transaction in which the director derived an improper personal benefit.

 

Dividends

 

Under Mexican law, prior to paying dividends a company must reserve at least 5% of its profits every year until it establishes a legal reserve equal to 20% of its capital share. Dividends may only be paid from retained earnings and only if losses for prior fiscal years have been paid. Dividends may also be subject to additional restrictions contained in the company’s bylaws. The payment of dividends must be approved at an annual general shareholders’ meeting. We do not currently expect to pay dividends.

 

Under Delaware law, subject to any restrictions contained in the company’s certificate of incorporation, a company may pay dividends out of surplus or, if there is no surplus, out of net profits for the fiscal year in which the dividend is declared and for the preceding fiscal year. Delaware law also provides that dividends may not be paid out of net profits at any time when capital is less than the capital represented by the outstanding stock of all classes having a preference upon the distribution of assets.

 

Mergers, Consolidations, and Similar Arrangements

 

A Mexican company may merge with another company only if a majority of the shares representing its outstanding share capital approves the merger at a duly convened extraordinary shareholders’ meeting. Dissenting shareholders are not entitled to appraisal rights. Creditors have 90 days to oppose a merger judicially, provided they have a legal interest to oppose the merger.

 

Under Delaware law, with certain exceptions, a merger, consolidation, or sale of all or substantially all the assets of a corporation must be approved by the board of directors and a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote thereon. Under Delaware law, a shareholder of a corporation participating in certain major corporate transactions may, under certain circumstances, be entitled to appraisal rights pursuant to which the shareholder may receive payment in the amount of the fair market value of the shares held by the shareholder (as determined by a court) in lieu of the consideration the shareholder would otherwise receive in the transaction. Delaware law also provides that a parent corporation, by resolution of its board of directors and without any shareholder vote, may merge with any subsidiary of which it owns at least 90% of each class of capital share. Upon any such merger, dissenting shareholders of the subsidiary would have appraisal rights.

 

Anti-Takeover Provisions

 

Our bylaws do not include anti-takeover provisions. The New Mexican Securities Market Law permits public companies to include anti-takeover provisions in their bylaws that restrict the ability of third parties to acquire control of the company; provided, however, that:

 

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·     adoption of such provisions is not opposed by holders of 5% or more of our share capital;

 

·     no shareholder is excluded from the benefits that may derive from such provisions;

 

·     takeovers cannot be absolutely banned and any required approval from the company’s board of directors must be subject to established criteria and a deadline not to exceed three months; and

 

·     takeover procedures conform to compulsory tender offering rules.

 

Under Delaware law, corporations can implement shareholder rights plans and other measures, including staggered terms for directors and super-majority voting requirements, to prevent takeover attempts. Delaware law also prohibits a publicly-held Delaware corporation from engaging in a business combination with an interested shareholder for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the shareholder became an interested shareholder unless:

 

·     prior to the date of the transaction in which the shareholder became an interested shareholder, the board of directors of the corporation approves either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the shareholder becoming an interested shareholder;

 

·     upon consummation of the transaction that resulted in the shareholder becoming an interested shareholder, the interested shareholder owns at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation, excluding shares held by directors, officers, and employee stock plans; or

 

·      at or after the date of the transaction in which the shareholder became an interested shareholder, the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at a shareholders’ meeting by at least 66 2 / 3 % of the voting stock which is not owned by the interested shareholder.

 

Transactions with Significant Shareholders

 

Under Mexican law, a company’s board of directors must approve any potential transaction to be undertaken with any shareholders of the company or other companies affiliated with shareholders of the company. The board of directors must take the recommendation of the corporate governance committee into consideration in granting its approval and may also require an independent fairness opinion. In addition, pursuant to Mexican law, any shareholder who votes on a transaction in which the shareholder has a conflict of interest may be liable for damages if the transaction would not have been approved without the shareholder’s vote.

 

As a Mexican company, we may enter into business transactions with our significant shareholders, including asset sales, in which the significant shareholder receives a greater financial benefit than other shareholders with prior approval from our board of directors. Prior approval from our shareholders is not required for this kind of transaction.

 

No similar provision relating to transactions with significant shareholders exists under Delaware law.

 

Shareholders’ Suits

 

As mentioned above, holders of at least 5% of our outstanding share capital may bring derivative actions for civil liabilities against our directors, members of the audit committee, and the corporate governance committee. However, the grounds for shareholder derivative actions under Mexican law are limited, which effectively bars most of these suits in Mexico. In addition, subject to certain requirements, holders of at least 20% of a company’s outstanding share capital may contest and suspend any shareholder resolution that violates Mexican law or our bylaws. Class-action lawsuits are not permitted under Mexican law.

 

Class-actions and derivative actions are generally available to shareholders under Delaware law for, among other things, breach of fiduciary duty, corporate waste and actions not taken in accordance with applicable law. In these kinds of actions, the court generally has discretion to permit the winning party to recover attorneys’ fees incurred in connection with the action.

 

Indemnification of Directors and Officers

 

Under Mexican law, a company may indemnify directors or members of any committee of the board of directors, for actions

 

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taken within the scope of their duties, against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and settlement amounts, reasonably incurred in defense of an action, suit or proceeding, except for breach of the duty of loyalty or unlawful acts.

 

Under Delaware law, a corporation may indemnify a director or officer of the corporation against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred in defense of an action, suit or proceeding by reason of a director’s or officer’s position if:

 

·      the director or officer acted in good faith and in a manner the director or officer reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation; and

 

·      with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, the director or officer had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful.

 

Inspection of Corporate Records

 

Under Mexican law, at the time that a notice of shareholders’ meeting is published, shareholders are entitled to all information related to the matters to be discussed at the meeting.

 

Delaware law permits any shareholder to inspect or obtain copies of a corporation’s shareholder list and its other books and records for any purpose reasonably related to a person’s interest as a shareholder.

 

Shareholder Proposals

 

Under Mexican law and our bylaws, holders of at least 10% of our outstanding share capital are entitled to appoint one member of our board of directors.

 

Delaware law does not include a provision restricting the manner in which nominations for directors may be made by shareholders or the manner in which business may be brought before a meeting.

 

Calling of Special Shareholders’ Meetings

 

Under Mexican law and our bylaws, a shareholders’ meeting may be called by the board of directors, the chairman of the board of directors or of the audit committee or the corporate governance committee. Any shareholder or group of shareholders with voting rights representing at least 10% of our share capital may request in writing that the board of directors call a shareholders’ meeting to discuss the matters indicated in the written request. If the board of directors fails to call a meeting within 15 calendar days following the date of the written request, the shareholder or group of shareholders may request that a competent court call the meeting. A single shareholder may call a shareholders’ meeting if no meeting has been held for two consecutive years or if matters to be dealt with at an ordinary shareholders’ meeting have not been considered.

 

Delaware law permits the board of directors or any person who is authorized under a corporation’s certificate of incorporation or bylaws to call a special meeting of shareholders.

 

Cumulative Voting

 

Under Mexican law, cumulative voting for the election of directors is not permitted.

 

Under Delaware law, cumulative voting for the election of directors is permitted only if expressly authorized in the certificate of incorporation.

 

Approval of Corporate Matters by Written Consent

 

Mexican law permits shareholders to take action by unanimous written consent of the holders of all shares entitled to vote. These resolutions have the same legal effect as those adopted in a general or special shareholders’ meeting. The board of directors may also approve matters by unanimous written consent.

 

Delaware law permits shareholders to take action by written consent of holders of outstanding shares having more than the minimum number of votes necessary to take the action at a shareholders’ meeting at which all voting shares were present and voted.

 

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Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation

 

Under Mexican law, it is not possible to amend a company’s certificate of incorporation (acta constitutiva). However, the provisions that govern a Mexican company are contained in its bylaws, which may be amended as described below.

 

Under Delaware law, amending a company’s certificate of incorporation, which is equivalent to a memorandum of association, must be made by a resolution of the board of directors setting forth the amendment, declaring its advisability, and either calling a special meeting of the shareholders entitled to vote or directing that the amendment proposed be considered at the next annual meeting of the shareholders. Delaware law requires that, unless a different percentage is provided for in the certificate of incorporation, a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote thereon is required to approve the amendment of the certificate of incorporation at the shareholders’ meeting. If the amendment would alter the number of authorized shares or otherwise adversely affect the rights or preference of any class of a company’s stock, Delaware law provides that the holders of the outstanding shares of such affected class should be entitled to vote as a class upon the proposed amendment, regardless of whether such holders are entitled to vote by the certificate of incorporation. However, the number of authorized shares of any class may be increased or decreased, to the extent not falling below the number of shares then outstanding, by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the stock entitled to vote, if so provided in the company’s certificate of incorporation or any amendment that created such class or was adopted prior to the issuance of such class or that was authorized by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of such class of stock.

 

Amendment of Bylaws

 

Under Mexican law, amending a company’s bylaws requires shareholder approval at an extraordinary shareholders’ meeting. Mexican law requires that at least 75% of the shares representing a company’s outstanding share capital be present at the meeting upon the first call (unless the bylaws require a higher threshold) and that the resolutions be approved by shares representing one-half of the company’s outstanding capital share.

 

Under Delaware law, holders of a majority of the voting rights of a corporation and, if so provided in the certificate of incorporation, the directors of the corporation, have the power to adopt, amend and repeal the bylaws of a corporation.

 

Staggered Board of Directors

 

Mexican law does not permit companies to have a staggered board of directors.

 

Delaware law permits corporations to have a staggered board of directors.

 

MATERIAL CONTRACTS

 

For further discussion of our material contracts, see “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions.”

 

EXCHANGE CONTROLS

 

Mexican law does not restrict our ability to remit dividends and interest payments, if any, to non-Mexican holders of our securities. Payments of dividends to equity holders, to the extent made, generally will not be subject to Mexican withholding tax. Mexico has had a free market for foreign exchange since 1991, and the government has allowed the peso to float freely against the U.S. dollar since December 1994.

 

TAXATION

 

The following summary contains a description of:

 

·      the material anticipated Mexican federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the ADSs or common shares by non-resident holders, or holders that

 

·      are not residents of Mexico for tax purposes; and

 

·      will not hold the ADSs or common shares or a beneficial interest therein in connection with the conduct of a trade or business through a permanent establishment, for tax purposes, in Mexico; and

 

·      the material anticipated U.S. federal income tax consequences of the purchase, ownership, and disposition of the ADSs or common shares by non-resident holders that are U.S. holders, or holders that

 

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·      are citizens or residents of the United States;

 

·      are corporations organized under the laws of the United States or any state thereof or the District of Columbia; or

 

·      that otherwise will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis in respect of the ADSs or common shares.

 

For purposes of Mexican taxation:

 

·      individuals are residents of Mexico if they have established their principal place of residence in Mexico or, if they have established their principal place of residence outside Mexico, if their core of vital interests (centro de intereses vitales) is located in Mexico. An individual’s core of vital interests will be deemed to be located in Mexico if, among other things,

 

·      at least 50% of the individual’s aggregate annual income derives from Mexican sources, or

 

·      the individual’s principal center of professional activities is located in Mexico;

 

·      individuals are residents of Mexico if they are state employees, regardless of the location of the individual’s core of vital interests; and

 

·      legal entities are residents of Mexico if they maintain their principal place of business or their place of effective management in Mexico.

 

If non-residents of Mexico are deemed to have a permanent establishment in Mexico for tax purposes, all income attributable to the permanent establishment will be subject to Mexican taxes, in accordance with applicable Mexican tax law.

 

In general, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, holders of ADSs will be treated as the beneficial owners of the common shares represented by those ADSs.

 

The following summary does not purport to be a comprehensive description of all of the tax considerations that may be relevant to a decision to purchase the ADSs or common shares. In particular, the summary of U.S. federal income tax consequences only addresses U.S. holders that will hold the ADSs or common shares as capital assets and does not address the tax treatment of U.S. holders that own or are treated as owning 10% or more of our outstanding voting shares. Further, this summary does not discuss all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be relevant to a particular investor or applicable to certain categories of U.S. holders such as banks, dealers, traders who elect to mark-to-market, tax-exempt entities, insurance companies, regulated investment companies, real estate investment trusts, dealers in securities or currencies, expatriates, persons who hold the ADSs as part of a hedge, straddle, synthetic security, conversion or integrated transaction, U.S. holders who have a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar, or U.S. holders liable for the alternative minimum tax.  Potential U.S. holders should realize that the tax consequences for  persons described in the preceding sentence may differ materially from those applicable to other U.S. holders. Finally, the summary does not address any U.S. or Mexican state or local tax considerations that may be relevant to non-resident holders and to U.S. holders.

 

The discussion of U.S. federal income tax considerations below assumes that we are not a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC. Based on our audited financial statements and relevant market and shareholder data, we believe that we were not treated as a PFIC for U.S. federal income tax purposes with respect to our 2008 taxable year.  Furthermore, based on our audited financial statements and our current expectations regarding the value and nature of our assets, the sources and nature of our income and relevant market and shareholder data, we do not anticipate being a PFIC for our 2009 taxable year.  However, this determination is made annually and it is possible that our status could change.

 

This summary is based upon the federal income tax laws of the U.S. and Mexico as in effect on the date of this annual report and the provisions of the income tax treaty between the U.S. and Mexico and the protocol thereto (the “Tax Treaty”), all of which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. However, this summary does not address all aspects of the federal income tax laws of the U.S. and Mexico. Prospective investors in the ADSs or common shares should consult their own tax advisors as to the U.S., Mexican, or other tax consequences of the purchase, ownership, and disposition of the ADSs or common shares, including, in particular, the effect of any foreign, state or local tax laws and their entitlement to the benefits, if any, afforded by the Tax Treaty.

 

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Taxation of Dividends

 

Mexican Tax Considerations

 

Under the provisions of the Mexican Income Tax Law (Ley del Impuesto Sobre la Renta), dividends paid to non-resident holders with respect to the common shares or the ADSs will not be subject to Mexican withholding tax.

 

Dividends paid from distributable earnings that have not been subject to corporate income tax are subject to a corporate-level dividend tax at a rate of 38.89% (gross-up of 28%) . The corporate-level dividend tax on the distribution of earnings is not final and may be credited against income tax payable during the fiscal year in which the dividend tax was paid and for the following two years. Dividends paid from distributable earnings, after corporate income tax has been paid with respect to these earnings, are not subject to this corporate-level dividend tax.

 

U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations

 

The gross amount of any dividend distributions paid with respect to the common shares represented by the ADSs, to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, generally will be includible in the gross income of a U.S. holder as ordinary income on the date on which the distributions are received by the depositary and will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction allowed to certain corporations under the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). To the extent that a distribution exceeds our current and accumulated earnings and profits, it will be treated as a non-taxable return of basis to the extent thereof, and thereafter as capital gain from the sale of ADSs or common shares.

 

Distributions, which will be made in pesos, will be includible in the income of a U.S. holder in a U.S. dollar amount calculated by reference to the exchange rate in effect on the date they are received by the depositary, whether or not they are converted into U.S. dollars. U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the treatment of foreign currency gain or loss, if any, on any pesos received that are converted into U.S. dollars on a date subsequent to receipt. Dividend income generally will constitute foreign source “passive income” or, in the case of certain U.S. holders for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2007, “financial services income,” and for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2006, “general” category income (depending on whether the U.S. holder is predominantly engaged in the active conduct of a banking, insurance, financing or similar business) for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes.

 

In the event that Mexican taxes are withheld from dividend distributions, any such withheld taxes would be treated as part of the gross amount of the dividend includible in income for a U.S. holder for U.S. federal income tax purposes (to the extent of current or accumulated earnings and profits). U.S. holders may be entitled to credit such taxes against their U.S. federal income tax liability or, for those U.S. holders who so elect, to deduct such Mexican taxes in computing taxable income.  The calculation of foreign tax credits and, in the case of U.S. holders that elect to deduct foreign taxes, the availability of deductions, are subject to generally applicable limitations under U.S. federal income tax regulations and involve the application of rules that depend on U.S. holders’ particular circumstances.  U.S. holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the potential availability of foreign tax credits and deductions.

 

Distributions of additional common shares to holders of ADSs with respect to their ADSs that are made as part of a pro rata distribution to all our shareholders generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax.

 

Currently the maximum rate of tax imposed on certain dividends received by U.S. shareholders that are individuals is 15%, provided that certain holding period requirements are met. This reduced rate applies to dividends received between January 1, 2003 and December 31, 2010 from “qualified foreign corporations.” We believe we are a “qualified foreign corporation” with respect to our ADSs because our ADSs are listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Therefore, we believe that dividends paid on our ADSs will constitute “qualified dividend income” and therefore qualify for the reduced rate. It is possible, however, that we will not continue to be considered a “qualified foreign corporation” and that our dividends will not continue to be eligible for this rate. Notwithstanding the previous rule, the term “qualified dividend income” will not include, among other dividends, any (i) dividends on any share of stock or ADS which is held by a taxpayer for 60 days or less during the 120-day period beginning on the date which is 60 days before the date on which such share or shares backing the ADS become ex-dividend with respect to such dividends (as measured under section 246(c) of the Code); or (ii) dividends to the extent that the taxpayer is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property. U.S. holders should consult their own advisors regarding the applicability of the 15% dividend rate in their particular circumstances.

 

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Taxation of Dispositions of Shares or ADSs

 

Mexican Tax Considerations

 

Gain on the sale or other disposition of ADSs by a non-resident holder will generally not be subject to Mexican tax. Deposits and withdrawals of common shares in exchange for ADSs will not give rise to Mexican tax or transfer duties.

 

Gain on the sale of the common shares by a non-resident holder will not be subject to any Mexican tax if the transaction is carried out through the Mexican Stock Exchange or other stock exchange or securities markets approved by the Mexican Ministry of Finance and Public Credit. The exemption is not available when a person or a group of people control a company or own 10% or more of the capital stock of a company and sell 10% or more of the company’s stock in a period of 24 months in one or more transactions of such shares.

 

Gain on sales or other dispositions of the common shares made in other circumstances generally would be subject to Mexican tax at a rate of 25% based on the total amount of the transaction or, subject to certain requirements applicable to the seller, at a rate of 28% on gains realized from the disposition, regardless of the nationality or residence of the transferor, provided that the transferor is not a resident of a country with a preferential tax regime.

 

Under the Tax Treaty, a holder that is eligible to claim the benefits of the Tax Treaty will be exempt from Mexican tax on gains realized on a sale or other disposition of the common shares, in a transaction that is not carried out through the Mexican Stock Exchange or such other approved securities markets, so long as the holder did not own, directly or indirectly, 25% or more of our share capital (including ADSs) during the twelve-month period preceding the sale or other disposition.

 

U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations

 

Upon the sale or other disposition of the ADSs or common shares, a U.S. holder generally will recognize gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized on the sale or other disposition and such U.S. holder’s tax basis in the ADSs or common shares. Gain or loss recognized by a U.S. holder on such sale or other disposition generally will be long-term capital gain or loss if, at the time of the sale or other disposition, the ADSs or common shares have been held for more than one year. Currently, the top individual tax rate on adjusted net capital gains for sales and exchanges of capital assets on or after May 6, 2003 and before January 1, 2011 is 15%. The deduction of a capital loss is subject to limitations for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Gain or loss generally will be treated as U.S. source gain or loss and a U.S. holder may be unable to credit any Mexican taxes imposed on these gains unless it has certain other income from foreign sources. Deposits and withdrawals of common shares by U.S. holders in exchange for ADSs will not result in the realization of gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

Other Mexican Taxes

 

There are no Mexican inheritance, gift, succession or value-added taxes applicable to the purchase, ownership or disposition of the ADSs or common shares by non-resident holders. However, gratuitous transfers of the ADSs or common shares may result in a Mexican federal tax obligation for the recipient in certain circumstances.

 

There are no Mexican stamp, issue, registration or similar taxes or duties payable by non-resident holders of the ADSs or common shares.

 

U.S. Backup Withholding Tax and Information Reporting Requirements

 

A U.S. holder may, under certain circumstances, be subject to “backup withholding” with respect to some payments to the U.S. holder, such as dividends or the proceeds of a sale or other disposition of the ADSs, unless the holder:

 

·      is a corporation or comes within certain exempt categories, and demonstrates this fact when so required; or

 

·      provides a correct taxpayer identification number, certifies that it is not subject to backup withholding and otherwise complies with applicable requirements of the backup withholding rules.

 

Any amount withheld under these rules will be creditable against the U.S. holder’s federal income tax liability.

 

DOCUMENTS ON DISPLAY

 

We are subject to the information requirements of the Exchange Act and, in accordance therewith, we are required to file

 

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reports and other information with the SEC. These materials, including this Form 20-F and the exhibits thereto, may be inspected and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 450 Fifth Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20549.

 

ITEM 11.       Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.

 

Interest Rate Risk

 

In connection with our business activities, we have issued and hold financial instruments that currently expose us to market risks related to changes in interest rates. Interest rate risk exists principally with respect to our indebtedness that bears interest at floating rates. At December 31, 2008, we had outstanding indebtedness of Ps.7,811.4 million, the majority of which bore interest at fixed interest rates. The interest rate on our variable rate debt is determined primarily by reference to the 28-day Mexican Interbank Rate, or TIIE (Tasa de Interés Interbancaria de Equilibrio). TIIE increases would, consequently, increase our interest payments.

 

The following table sets forth principal cash flows by scheduled maturity, average interest rates, and estimated fair market value of our debt obligation as of December 31, 2008. Fair value is estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, based on the Company’s current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements.

 

 

 

Expected Maturity Dates as of December 31,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2009

 

2010

 

2011

 

2012

 

2013

 

After
2014

 

Total

 

Fair Value
Dec. 31, ‘08

 

 

 

(Millions of Dollars Equivalent)

 

 

 

 

 

Long-term debt

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fixed rate *

 

 

 

 

 

 

250

 

250

 

250

 

Average interest rate**

 

7.5

%

7.5

%

7.5

%

7.5

%

7.5

%

7.5

%

 

 

 

 

Variable rate (Ps.)

 

103

 

40

 

7

 

7

 

153

 

0

 

311

 

311

 

Average interest rate

 

10.9

%

10.4

%

10.2

%

10.2

%

10.2

%

0

%

 

 

 

 

 


*  Until July 5, 2008 our outstanding US$250 million Senior Guaranteed Notes included the principal-only swap effect, whereby at maturity date we were to pay pesos at a contractual fixed exchange rate of Ps.10.83 per dollar and receive U.S. dollars equivalent to the notional amount of US$250 million. This principal-only swap was cancelled on the aforementioned date.

 

** Until July 5, 2008 included a six-month weighted fixed rate of 2.92% of our principal-only swap. This principal-only swap was cancelled on the aforementioned date.

 

A hypothetical, instantaneous, and unfavorable change of 100 basis points in the average interest rate applicable to floating-rate liabilities held at December 31, 2008 would have increased our interest expense in 2008 by approximately Ps.42.8 million, over a twelve-month period.

 

Together with the issuance of the US$250 million long-term U.S. dollar-denominated Senior Guaranteed Notes due 2015, Homex entered into a principal-only swap in an attempt to hedge and cover the economic and cash flow principal U.S. dollar exposure bearing a six-month weighted fixed rate of 2.92% exposed to U.S. dollar currency fluctuations. The underlying notes bear interest at a rate of 7.5% payable semi-annually and are exposed to U.S. dollar currency fluctuations. The Company accounted for this swap at fair value in its consolidated financial statements. Because the agreement did not meet the requirements for hedge accounting, periodic mark-to-market measurement was made through the income statement. This principal-only swap was cancelled on July 5, 2008.

 

We manage our exposure to changes in interest rates by efficiently timing construction and delivery of our homes and payments to our suppliers, thereby allowing us to reduce our borrowing needs for working capital. Our capital expenditures are financed either through our own resources or leveraging their return through operating leases.

 

Foreign Currency Risk

 

Because substantially all of our revenues are and will continue to be denominated in pesos, if the value of the peso decreases against the U.S. dollar, our cost of financing will increase. Severe depreciation of the peso may also result in disruption of the international foreign exchange markets. This may limit our ability to transfer or convert pesos into U.S. dollars and other currencies for the purpose of making timely payments of interest and principal on our securities and any U.S. dollar-denominated debt that we may incur in the future.

 

82



 

The exchange rates in effect at December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 were Ps. 13.7738, Ps.10.9185 and Ps.10.8385, respectively, per U.S. dollar.

 

ITEM 12.       Description of Securities other than Equity Securities.

 

Not applicable.

 

PART II

 

ITEM 13.       Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies.

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 14.       Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds.

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 15.       Controls and Procedures.

 

(a)           Disclosure controls and procedures.

 

Under the supervision of our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and other management, we carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2008. Based upon our evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act are recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the applicable rules and forms. Further, management concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as necessary to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

 

(b)           Management’s annual report on internal controls over financial reporting.

 

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal controls over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Under the supervision of our management, including our Board of Directors, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and other personnel, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting based on the framework governing Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

 

Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with Mexican Financial Reporting Standards, including the reconciliation to U.S. GAAP in accordance with Item 18 of Form 20-F. Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with Mexican FRS, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on our financial statements.

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.  Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.  Based on our evaluation under the framework in Internal Control—Integrated Framework, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2008.

 

Mancera, S.C., a Member Practice of Ernst & Young Global, an independent registered public accounting firm, our independent auditor, issued an attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting on June 26, 2009.

 

83



 

(c)           Attestation Report of the registered public accounting firm.

 

The Board of Directors and Shareholders of

Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V.

 

We have audited Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.  Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

In our opinion, Desarolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on the COSO criteria.

 

Mancera, S.C.

A Member Practice of

Ernst & Young Global

 

 

C.P.C. Carlos Alberto Rochín Casanova

 

Culiacán, México

June 26, 2009

 

(d)           Changes in internal control over financial reporting.

 

In our prior year Form 20-F, we reported a material weakness in internal control over financial reporting related to our US GAAP conversion process as of December 31, 2007. We remediated this material weakness during 2008. There has been no other change in our internal control over financial reporting during 2008 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

84



 

ITEM 16.       (Reserved)

 

ITEM 16A.       Financial Expert

 

Our audit committee consists of Wilfrido Castillo Sánchez-Mejorada (Chairman), Z. Jamie Behar, Edward Lowenthal and Matthew Zell. Our board of directors has determined that Mr. Castillo has the attributes of an “audit committee financial expert” as defined by the SEC and that each member of the audit committee satisfies the financial literacy requirements of the New York Stock Exchange. Our board of directors has also determined that Mr. Castillo is independent, as that term is defined in the listing rules of the New York Stock Exchange.

 

ITEM 16B.       Code of Ethics

 

We have adopted a code of ethics, as defined in Item 16B of Form 20-F under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Our code of ethics applies to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and persons performing similar functions, as well as to our directors and other officers and employees. Our code of ethics is available on our web site at www.homex.com.mx. If we amend the provisions of our code of ethics that apply to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and persons performing similar functions, or if we grant any waiver of such provisions, we will disclose such amendment or waiver on our web site at the same address.

 

ITEM 16C.       Principal Accountant Fees and Services

 

Audit and Non-Audit Fees

 

For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, our auditors continued to be Mancera, S.C., a member practice of Ernst & Young Global.

 

The following table summarizes the aggregate fees billed to us by Mancera, S.C., a member practice of Ernst & Young Global, during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively:

 

 

 

Years ended December 31,

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

 

 

(in thousands of Mexican pesos)

 

Audit fees

 

Ps.

17,296

 

Ps.

20,071

 

Audit-related fees

 

 

1,325

 

Tax fees

 

2,247

 

1,609

 

Total fees

 

Ps.

19,543

 

Ps.

23,005

 

 

Audit fees. Audit fees in the above table are the aggregate fees billed by Mancera, S.C. in connection with the audit of our annual financial statements and statutory and regulatory audits. This caption also includes Sarbanes-Oxley Section 404 attestation services.  Amounts presented for 2008 include Ps. 1,659 corresponding to additional fees from the audit of 2007, which were agreed and billed after we filed the 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2007.

 

Audit-related fees.  Audit-related fees in the above table are fees billed by Mancera, S.C. for the review of pro forma financial information related to contemplated business activities. This section also includes fees related to financial due diligence fees paid to other Ernst & Young affiliated firms for international expansion activities.

 

Tax fees.  Tax fees in the above table include the aggregate fees billed by Mancera, S.C. for the review of reports on our transfer pricing study, and fees paid to Mancera, S.C. and other Ernst & Young affiliated firms for international tax services.

 

Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures

 

We have adopted pre-approval policies and procedures under which all audit and non-audit services provided by our external auditors must be pre-approved by the audit committee. Any service proposals submitted by external auditors need to be discussed and approved by the audit committee during its meetings, which take place at least four times a year. Once the proposed service is approved, we or our subsidiaries formalize the engagement of services. The approval of any audit and non-audit services to be provided by our external auditors is specified in the minutes of our audit committee. In addition, the members of our board of directors are briefed on matters discussed in the meetings of the audit committee.

 

85



 

ITEM 16D.       Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees.

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 16E.       Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers.

 

The following table sets out certain information concerning purchases of our shares by us and affiliated purchasers in 2008:

 

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

(for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008)

 

Period

 



Total Number of
Shares (or Units)
Purchased

 



Average Price Paid
per Share (or Unit)

 


Total Number of
Shares (or Units)
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs

 

Maximum Number (or
Approximate Dollar
Value) of Shares (or
Units) that May Yet be
Purchased Under the
Plans or Programs

 

January

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

February

 

17,142,857

(1)

$

8.75

 

 

 

 

 

 

March

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

April

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

May

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

June

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

July

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

August

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

September

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

October

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

November

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

17,142,857

 

$

8.75

 

 

 

 

 

 


(1)

On February 7, 2008, the de Nicolás family Trust acquired 17,142,857 Shares from EIP Investment Holdings LLC Comm V.A. for US$150,000,000. See “Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions—Major Shareholders.”

 

ITEM 16F.       Change of Certifying Accountant

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 16G.       Corporate Governance

 

As a foreign private issuer with shares listed on the NYSE, we are subject to different corporate governance requirements than a U.S. company under the NYSE listing standards. Pursuant to Rule 303.A11 of the NYSE — listed company manual, we are required to provide a summary of the significant ways in which our corporate governance practices differ from those required for U.S. companies under the NYSE listing standard.

 

It is our intention, however, to follow NYSE corporate governance standards to the extent we deem appropriate given the different regulatory framework to which we are subject in Mexico and in the United States and the different business environment in which we operate. Compliance with these higher standards of governance is not mandatory for us; however, we believe we are in substantial compliance with the majority of these requirements, thereby demonstrating our commitment to high standards of governance.

 

We are a Mexican corporation with shares listed on the Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, or Mexican Stock Exchange. Our corporate governance practices are governed by our bylaws, the New Mexican Securities Market Law, and the general dispositions issued by the CNBV and the Mexican Stock Exchange. Although compliance is not mandatory, we also substantially comply with the Mexican Code of Best Corporate Practices (Código de Mejores Prácticas Corporativas), as amended in 2006.

 

86



 

The table below sets forth a description of the significant differences between corporate governance practices required for U.S. companies under the NYSE listing standards and our regulations:

 

NYSE Rules

 

Mexican Rules

 

 

 

Listed companies must have a majority of independent directors.

 

While not required under Mexican law, a majority of our directors are independent as defined under NYSE standards.

 

 

 

Listed companies must have a nominating/corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors.

 

Pursuant to Mexican law, we have a nominating/corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors.

 

 

 

Listed companies must have a compensation committee composed entirely of independent directors.

 

Under Mexican law, we are not required to have a compensation committee. However, we have a compensation committee composed entirely of independent directors. Our compensation committee does not issue a compensation report as contemplated by the NYSE standards, as we operate in Mexico where this practice is neither required nor customary.

 

 

 

Listed companies must have an audit committee with a minimum of three members who are independent directors.

 

Under Mexican law, we are required to have an audit committee with independent members within the meaning of the NYSE standards with a charter that complies with applicable Mexican statutes, and substantially complies with the NYSE standards applicable to domestic companies where appropriate for us.

 

 

 

Audit committees are required to prepare an audit committee report as required by the SEC to be included in the listed company’s annual proxy statement.

 

As a foreign private issuer, we are not required by the SEC to prepare and file proxy statements. In this regard, we are subject to Mexican securities law requirements. We have chosen to follow Mexican law and practice in this regard.

 

 

 

Non-management directors must meet at executive sessions without management.

 

Our non-management directors meet at executive sessions. This is not required by either Mexican law or the Mexican Code of Best Corporate Practices.

 

 

 

Listed companies must adopt and disclose a code of business conduct and ethics for directors, officers and employees, and promptly disclose any waivers of the code for directors or executive officers.

 

Companies listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange are not required to adopt a code of ethics. However, we have adopted a code of ethics.

 

PART III

 

ITEM 17.       Financial Statements.

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 18.       Financial Statements.

 

See pages F-1 through F-6, incorporated herein by reference.

 

87



 

ITEM 19.       Exhibits.

 

Exhibit No.

 

 

1(1)

 

Our articles of incorporation (estatutos sociales) as amended through March 30, 1998, together with an English translation.*

 

 

 

1(2)

 

Our bylaws (estatutos sociales) as amended through April 26, 2006, together with an English translation. +

 

 

 

2(a)(1)

 

Form of Deposit Agreement, as amended, by and among us, JPMorgan Chase Bank as Depositary and the Holders and Beneficial Holders from time to time of American Depositary Shares evidenced by American Depositary Receipts issued thereunder, including form of American Depositary Receipt.**

 

 

 

2(b)(1)

 

Indenture relating to 7.50% Senior Guaranteed Notes, dated September 28, 2005 by and between us, as Issuer, and the Bank of New York, as Trustee. ***

 

 

 

2(b)(2)

 

Form of First Supplemental Indenture to the Indenture Relating to the 7.50% Senior Guaranteed Exchange Notes, by and between us, as Issuer, and the Bank of New York, as Trustee. ****

 

 

 

2(b)(3)

 

Form of 7.50% Senior Guaranteed Exchange Note. ****

 

 

 

2(b)(4)

 

Registration Rights Agreement dated September 28, 2005 by and among us, Credit Suisse First Boston LLC and certain financial institutions named therein. ***

 

 

 

8

 

List of Principal Subsidiaries.***

 

 

 

12(a)(1)

 

CEO Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, dated June 29, 2009.

 

 

 

12(a)(2)

 

CFO Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, dated June 29, 2009.

 

 

 

13

 

Officer Certifications pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, dated June 29, 2009.

 


 *

Previously filed in Registration Statement on Form F-1/A (File No. 333-116257), originally filed with the SEC on June 23, 2004. Incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

**

Previously filed in Registration Statement on Form F-6 (File No. 333-116278), originally filed with the SEC on June 8, 2004. Incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

***

Previously filed in Registration Statement on Form F-4 (File No. 333-129100), originally filed with the SEC on October 18, 2005. Incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

****

Previously filed in Registration Statement on Form F-4/A (File No. 333-129100), originally filed with the SEC on November 25, 2005. Incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

+

Previously filed in the report on Form 20-F (File No. 001-32229), originally filed with the SEC on June 29, 2006. Incorporated herein by reference.

 

88



 

SIGNATURE

 

The registrant, Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V., hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.

 

 

 

DESARROLLADORA HOMEX, S.A.B.

 

DE C.V.

 

 

 

/s/ Carlos Moctezuma Velasco

 

Name: Carlos Moctezuma Velasco

 

Title:   Chief Financial Officer

 

 

Dated: June 29, 2009

 

 

89


 


 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V.

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of income and changes in stockholders’ equity for each of the three years ended December 31, 2008, the related consolidated statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2008, and the related consolidated statements of changes in financial position for each of the two years ended December 31, 2007. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries at December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the consolidated results of their operations and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2008, and the consolidated results of their operations and changes in their financial position for each of the two years ended December 31, 2007, in conformity with Mexican Financial Reporting Standards, which differ in certain respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (see Notes 28 and 29 to the consolidated financial statements).

 

F-1



 

As disclosed in Note 3 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements, during 2008, the Company adopted Mexican Financial Reporting Standard (“MFRS”) B-2 Statement of Cash Flows, MFRS B-10 Effects of Inflation, MFRS D-3 Employee Benefits, and certain other MFRS. As is also disclosed in Note 3 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements, during 2007, the Company adopted the provisions of MFRS D-6 Capitalization of the comprehensive financing cost.  The application of all of these standards were prospective in nature.

 

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated June 26 2009, expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting.

 

 

 

Mancera, S.C.

 

A Member Practice of

 

Ernst & Young Global

 

 

 

 

 

C.P.C. Carlos Alberto Rochín Casanova

 

Culiacan, Mexico
June 26, 2009

 

F-2



 

DESARROLLADORA HOMEX, S.A.B. DE C.V.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated balance sheets

(Figures in thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))

 

 

 

2008

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Convenience

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Translation

 

As of December 31,

 

 

 

(Note 2a)

 

2008

 

2007

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents (Note 4)

 

$

82,776

 

Ps.

1,140,140

 

Ps.

2,206,834

 

Restricted cash (Note 4)

 

9,296

 

128,045

 

156,090

 

Trade accounts receivable, net (Note 5)

 

860,005

 

11,845,530

 

7,549,258

 

Inventories (Note 6)

 

370,764

 

5,106,832

 

4,392,039

 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets, net (Note 7)

 

31,018

 

427,238

 

490,354

 

Total current assets

 

1,353,859

 

18,647,785

 

14,794,575

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Land held for future development (Note 6)

 

671,889

 

9,254,469

 

7,091,074

 

Property and equipment, net (Note 8)

 

101,855

 

1,402,928

 

1,155,729

 

Goodwill (Note 3j)

 

53,134

 

731,861

 

731,861

 

Other assets, net (Note 9)

 

34,005

 

468,369

 

416,017

 

Total assets

 

$

2,214,742

 

Ps.

30,505,412

 

Ps.

24,189,256

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current debt and current portion of long-term debt (Note 10)

 

$

102,906

 

Ps.

1,417,404

 

Ps.

260,758

 

Current portion of leases (Note 12)

 

6,480

 

89,255

 

68,187

 

Trade accounts payable (Note 14)

 

290,831

 

4,005,853

 

3,456,269

 

Land suppliers (Note 15)

 

168,874

 

2,326,036

 

2,754,906

 

Advances from customers

 

26,569

 

365,962

 

279,823

 

Taxes other than income taxes

 

25,978

 

357,821

 

79,494

 

Income taxes

 

9,376

 

129,141

 

32,992

 

Employee statutory profit-sharing

 

5,115

 

70,445

 

35,163

 

Total current liabilities

 

636,129

 

8,761,917

 

6,967,592

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Long-term debt (Note 10)

 

434,892

 

5,990,119

 

3,098,786

 

Long-term leases (Note 12)

 

22,844

 

314,639

 

288,857

 

Financial instruments (Note 11)

 

 

 

79,098

 

Other long-term liabilities (Note 25)

 

1,336

 

18,403

 

 

Long-term land suppliers (Note 15)

 

29,435

 

405,426

 

992,801

 

Employee benefits obligations (Note 13)

 

6,182

 

85,150

 

79,097

 

Deferred income taxes (Note 23)

 

247,753

 

3,412,501

 

2,841,895

 

Total liabilities

 

1,378,571

 

18,988,155

 

14,348,126

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity (Note 16):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock

 

38,334

 

528,011

 

528,011

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

238,149

 

3,280,223

 

3,280,223

 

Shares repurchased for employee stock option plan, at cost

 

(7,212

)

(99,342

)

(99,342

)

Retained earnings

 

545,145

 

7,508,715

 

5,581,198

 

Other stockholders’ equity accounts

 

3,870

 

53,307

 

342,828

 

Majority stockholders’ equity

 

818,286

 

11,270,914

 

9,632,918

 

Minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries

 

17,885

 

246,343

 

208,212

 

Total stockholders’ equity

 

836,171

 

11,517,257

 

9,841,130

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

$

2,214,742

 

Ps.

30,505,412

 

Ps.

24,189,256

 

 

See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-3



 

DESARROLLADORA HOMEX, S.A.B. DE C.V.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

Consolidated statements of income

 

(Figures in thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.) except earnings per share)

 

 

 

2008

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Convenience

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

translation

 

For the years ended December 31,

 

 

 

(Note 2a)

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revenues (Note 3b)

 

$

1,368,576

 

Ps.

18,850,496

 

Ps.

16,222,524

 

Ps.

13,439,519

 

Cost of sales (Note 3b)

 

978,180

 

13,473,257

 

11,041,456

 

9,191,005

 

Gross profit

 

390,396

 

5,377,239

 

5,181,068

 

4,248,514

 

Operating expenses (Note 20)

 

172,621

 

2,377,646

 

1,798,429

 

1,359,147

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income from operations

 

217,775

 

2,999,593

 

3,382,639

 

2,889,367

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other (expenses) income, net (Note 21)

 

(7,980

)

(109,926

)

209,223

 

11,004

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net comprehensive financing cost (Note 6):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense (Note 22)

 

17,209

 

237,033

 

344,928

 

674,579

 

Interest income

 

(11,424

)

(157,351

)

(140,202

)

(108,792

)

Exchange loss

 

11,968

 

164,841

 

26,782

 

46,501

 

Valuation effects of derivative instruments (Note 11)

 

22,794

 

313,962

 

(147,977

)

101,895

 

Monetary position loss (Note 3a)

 

 

 

195,373

 

76,786

 

 

 

40,547

 

558,485

 

278,904

 

790,969

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income before income tax

 

169,248

 

2,331,182

 

3,312,958

 

2,109,402

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income tax (Note 23)

 

51,705

 

712,175

 

951,280

 

669,843

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consolidated net income

 

$

117,543

 

Ps.

1,619,007

 

Ps.

2,361,678

 

Ps.

1,439,559

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income of majority stockholders

 

$

114,774

 

Ps.

1,580,876

 

Ps.

2,233,066

 

Ps.

1,391,281

 

Net income of minority stockholders

 

2,769

 

38,131

 

128,612

 

48,278

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consolidated net income

 

$

117,543

 

Ps.

1,619,007

 

Ps.

2,361,678

 

Ps.

1,439,559

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average shares outstanding (in thousands)

 

334,870

 

334,870

 

335,688

 

335,869

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic and diluted earnings per share of majority stockholders

 

$

0.34

 

Ps.

4.72

 

Ps.

6.65

 

Ps.

4.14

 

 

See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-4



 

DESARROLLADORA HOMEX, S.A.B. DE C.V.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

Consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity

 

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006

 

(Figures in thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))

 

 

 

Common
stock

 

Additional
paid-in
capital

 

Shares
repurchased
for employee
stock option
plan

 

Retained
earnings

 

Other
stockholders’
equity
accounts

 

Total Majority
stockholders’
equity

 

Minority
interest in
consolidated
subsidiaries

 

Total
stockholders’
equity
(Note 16)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balances as of January 1, 2006

 

Ps.

528,011

 

Ps.

3,280,223

 

 

 

Ps.

1,956,851

 

Ps.

337,779

 

Ps.

6,102,864

 

Ps.

40,455

 

Ps.

6,143,319

 

Comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,391,281

 

9,626

 

1,400,907

 

48,278

 

1,449,185

 

Balances as of December 31, 2006

 

528,011

 

3,280,223

 

 

 

3,348,132

 

347,405

 

7,503,771

 

88,733

 

7,592,504

 

Comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2,233,066

 

(4,577

)

2,228,489

 

128,612

 

2,357,101

 

Shares repurchased for employee stock option plan

 

 

 

 

 

Ps.

(99,342

)

 

 

 

 

(99,342

)

 

 

(99,342

)

Dividends paid by consolidated subsidiary (Note 16f)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(9,133

)

(9,133

)

Balances as of December 31, 2007

 

528,011

 

3,280,223

 

(99,342

)

5,581,198

 

342,828

 

9,632,918

 

208,212

 

9,841,130

 

Reclassification to retained earnings from the accumulated monetary position (Note 3a)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

346,641

 

(346,641

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Initial adoption of MFRS D-3 Employee benefits (Notes 3a and13)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

33,764

 

33,764

 

 

 

33,764

 

Comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,580,876

 

23,356

 

1,604,232

 

38,131

 

1,642,363

 

Balances as of December 31, 2008

 

Ps.

528,011

 

Ps.

3,280,223

 

Ps.

(99,342

)

Ps.

7,508,715

 

Ps.

53,307

 

Ps.

11,270,914

 

Ps.

246,343

 

Ps.

11,517,257

 

 

See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-5



 

DESARROLLADORA HOMEX, S.A.B. DE C.V.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

Consolidated statement of cash flows

 

(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))

 

 

 

2008

 

 

 

 

 

Convenience

 

 

 

 

 

translation
(Note 2a)

 

For the year ended
December 31, 2008

 

Cash flows generated by (used in) operating activities

 

 

 

 

 

Income before income tax

 

$

169,248

 

Ps.

2,331,182

 

Items related to investing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

30,857

 

425,021

 

Gain on sale of property and equipment

 

(637

)

(8,771

)

Interest income

 

(11,424

)

(157,351

)

Items related to financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

48,191

 

663,765

 

Valuation effects of derivative instruments

 

22,794

 

313,962

 

Deferred profit-sharing

 

222

 

3,061

 

Exchange loss

 

51,946

 

715,500

 

 

 

311,197

 

4,286,369

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Increase in trade accounts receivable

 

(311,916

)

(4,296,272

)

Increase in inventories and land held for future developments

 

(208,961

)

(2,878,188

)

Decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets

 

6,724

 

92,611

 

Interest income collected

 

11,424

 

157,351

 

Increase in trade accounts payable

 

31,151

 

429,063

 

Decrease in accounts payable to land suppliers

 

(73,781

)

(1,016,245

)

Increase in other liabilities

 

30,358

 

418,151

 

Increase in employee benefits obligations

 

2,922

 

40,242

 

Payments of derivative instruments

 

(24,751

)

(340,912

)

Income tax paid

 

(8,969

)

(123,531

)

Net cash flows from operating activities

 

(234,602

)

(3,231,361

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flows generated by (used in) investing activities

 

 

 

 

 

Increase in the investment in associate

 

(2,013

)

(27,727

)

Acquisition of property and equipment

 

(40,927

)

(563,723

)

Proceeds from sale of property and equipment

 

7,167

 

98,720

 

Net cash flows from investing activities

 

(35,773

)

(492,730

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flows generated by (used in) financing activities

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from new borrowings

 

663,962

 

9,145,280

 

Payments of notes payable

 

(425,522

)

(5,861,061

)

Interest paid

 

(48,339

)

(665,807

)

Net cash flows from financing activities

 

190,101

 

2,618,412

 

Net decrease of cash and cash equivalents

 

(80,274

)

(1,105,679

)

Translation adjustment

 

794

 

10,940

 

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the beginning of the year (1)

 

171,552

 

2,362,924

 

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of the year (1)

 

$

92,072

 

Ps.

1,268,185

 

 


(1)     This balance is composed by Ps. 1,140,140 of cash and cash equivalents and Ps. 128,045 of restricted cash as of December 31, 2008 (Ps. 2,206,834 and Ps. 156,090 as of December 31, 2007, respectively).

 

See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-6



 

DESARROLLADORA HOMEX, S.A.B. DE C.V.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

Consolidated statements of changes in financial position

 

(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))

 

 

 

For the years ended
December 31,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

Operating activities

 

 

 

 

 

Consolidated net income

 

Ps.

2,361,678

 

Ps.

1,439,559

 

Add items that did not require the uses of resources:

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation

 

196,307

 

130,829

 

Amortization of intangibles

 

105,410

 

114,529

 

Labor obligations

 

18,416

 

19,347

 

Deferred income taxes, net of inflation

 

818,407

 

526,539

 

 

 

3,500,218

 

2,230,803

 

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

(Increase) decrease in:

 

 

 

 

 

Trade accounts receivable

 

(2,008,172

)

151,277

 

Inventories and land held for future development

 

(2,090,087

)

(3,503,491

)

Other assets

 

(124,375

)

227,385

 

Increase (decrease) in:

 

 

 

 

 

Trade accounts payable

 

1,321,131

 

559,288

 

Land suppliers

 

245,812

 

1,623,150

 

Taxes payable

 

(154,829

)

(81,775

)

Other liabilities

 

(29,529

)

100,450

 

Net resources generated by operating activities

 

660,169

 

1,307,087

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financing activities

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from new borrowings

 

2,647,276

 

1,650,970

 

Payments of notes payable

 

(2,408,739

)

(1,746,935

)

Changes in fair value of financial instrument

 

(147,976

)

99,401

 

Debt issuance costs

 

 

(12,994

)

Share repurchase for employee stock option plan

 

(99,342

)

 

Dividends paid by subsidiary company

 

(9,133

)

 

Net resources used in financing activities

 

(17,914

)

(9,558

)

Investing activities

 

 

 

 

 

Restricted cash

 

(118,493

)

(37,597

)

Investment in associates

 

(17,869

)

 

Acquisition of property and equipment, net

 

(680,748

)

(302,392

)

Net resources used in investing activities

 

(817,110

)

(339,989

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents:

 

 

 

 

 

Net (decrease) increase

 

(174,855

)

957,540

 

Balance at beginning of year

 

2,381,689

 

1,424,149

 

Balance at end of year

 

Ps.

2,206,834

 

Ps.

2,381,689

 

 

See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-7



 

DESARROLLADORA HOMEX, S.A.B. DE C.V.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

 

Notes to consolidated financial statements

 

For the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007

 

(Figures as of December 31, 2008 in thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.),

 except as otherwise indicated)

1. Nature of business

 

Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) is comprised of a group of companies engaged mainly in the promotion, design, development, construction and sale of affordable entry level and middle income residential housing. All sales are made in Mexico.

 

To carry out its activities, the Company engages in land acquisition, obtaining permits and licenses, designing, constructing, marketing and selling homes, obtaining individual financing for its customers and developing communities to satisfy housing needs in Mexico.

 

The Company participates in housing supply offers from the main housing funds in Mexico, such as the National Workers’ Housing Fund, or Instituto Nacional del Fondo de Ahorro para la Vivienda de los Trabajadores (“INFONAVIT”), the Social Security and Services Institute Public-Segment Workers’ Housing Fund, or Fondo de la Vivienda del Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (“FOVISSSTE”) and the governmental mortgage providers such as the Federal Mortgage Society, or Sociedad Hipotecaria Federal (“SHF”). Additionally, the Company participates in the market, where mortgage financing is provided by commercial banks and cash transactions.

 

For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, revenues obtained through INFONAVIT mortgage financing accounted for 76%, 75% and 75% respectively, of the Company’s total revenues, with other sources accounting for 24%, 25% and 25%, respectively.

 

Homex’s operations include 112 developments in 32 cities located in 20 Mexican states, which states represent 74.4% of Mexico’s population, according to the Mexican Institute of Statistics, Geography and Computer Sciences, or INEGI (Instituto Nacional de Estadistica, Geografia e Informatica). In 2008, 35% of Homex’s revenues originated in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area, the largest city in Mexico, and 8% in Guadalajara, the second largest city. The remaining revenues were originated throughout 30 cities.

 

The Company’s operations are on a seasonal basis: normally, the highest volume of sales takes place in the second half of the year. Construction times of real-estate developments vary depending on the type of housing: entry-level, middle-income or upper-income; accordingly, construction revenues are recognized in different fiscal years, and the revenues from work completed and generation of accounts receivable fluctuate depending on the date of the beginning of the project and that of its completion.

 

On April 22, 2008, the Financial Director (CFO), Carlos Moctezuma Velasco and the Controlling Director, Ramón Lafarga Bátiz, authorized the issuance of the Company’s consolidated Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (Mexican FRS) financial statements and notes as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2008. Those consolidated financial statements have been approved by the Audit Committee and the Board of Directors on April 26, 2009, and by the Company’s stockholders at its meeting held on April 29, 2009.

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements which consist of those Mexican FRS consolidated financial statements and notes, as supplemented by the accompanying US GAAP disclosures presented in Notes 28 and 29, were authorized for issuance herein by Gerardo de Nicolás (CEO), the CFO and the Controlling Director on June 26, 2009.

 

F-8



 

2. Basis of preparation

 

a) Convenience translation

 

The financial statements are stated in Mexican pesos, the currency of the country in which the Company is incorporated and operates. The statements’ translations of Mexican pesos into US dollar amounts are included solely for the convenience of readers in the United States of America and have been made at the rate of Ps.13.7738 per one US dollar. Such translations should not be construed as representations that the Mexican peso amounts have been, could have been, or could in the future be, converted into US dollars at this or any other exchange rate.

 

b) Consolidation of financial statements

 

The consolidated financial statements include those of Desarrolladora Homex, S.AB. de C.V. and its subsidiaries, whose shareholding percentage in their capital stock is shown below:

 

 

 

Ownership percentage

 

 

Company

 

2008

 

2007

 

Activity

Proyectos Inmobiliarios de Culiacán, S.A. de C.V. (“PICSA”)

 

100

%

100

%

Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level, middle-income and upper-income housing

Nacional Financiera, S.N.C. Fid.del Fideicomiso AAA Homex 80284

 

100

%

100

%

Financial services

Administradora Picsa, S.A. de C.V.

 

100

%

100

%

Administrative services and promotion related to construction industry

Altos Mandos de Negocios, S.A. de C.V.

 

100

%

100

%

Administrative services

Aerohomex, S.A. de C.V.

 

100

%

100

%

Air transportation and lease services

Desarrolladora de Casas del Noroeste, S.A. de C.V. (DECANO)

 

100

%

100

%

Construction and development of housing complexes

Homex Atizapán, S.A. de C.V.

 

67

%

67

%

Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level and middle-income

Casas Beta del Centro, S. de R.L. de C.V. (1)

 

100

%

100

%

Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level and middle-income

Casas Beta del Norte, S. de R.L. de C.V.

 

100

%

100

%

Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level

Casas Beta del Noroeste, S. de R.L. de C.V.

 

100

%

100

%

Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level

Hogares del Noroeste, S.A. de C.V. (2)

 

50

%

50

%

Promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level and middle-income housing.

Opción Homex, S.A. de C.V. (4)

 

100

%

100

%

Sale, lease and acquisition of properties

Homex Amuéblate, S.A. de C.V. (4)

 

100

%

100

%

Sale of housing related products

Homex Global, S.A. de C.V. (3)

 

100

%

100

%

Holding company for foreign investments

Sofhomex, S.A. de C.V. S.F.O.M. E.R. (4)

 

100

%

100

%

Financial services

Nacional Financiera, S.N.C. Fid.del Fideicomiso Homex 80584

 

100

%

100

%

Employee stock option plan administration

HXMTD, S.A. de C.V. (5)

 

100

%

 

Promotion, design, construction and sale of upper-income tourism housing

Homex Central Marcaria, S.A. de C.V. (5)

 

100

%

 

Administration of industrial and intellectual property

 

F-9



 

Significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated during the consolidation of these entities.

 


(1)                 Casas Beta del Centro, S. de R.L. de C.V. owns 100% of the outstanding stock of Comercializadora Cántaros, S.A. de C.V. and Super Abastos Centrales y Comerciales, S.A. de C.V. and 50% of the outstanding stock of Promotora Residencial Huehuetoca, S.A. de C.V. (Huehuetoca), which are engaged in the promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level housing. Huehuetoca is fully consolidated in accordance Bulletin B-8 Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements and Valuation of Permanent Investments (MFRS B-8), since the Company has control over this subsidiary.

 

(2)                   Hogares del Noroeste, S. A. de C.V. is a 50% owned and controlled subsidiary of Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B. de C.V., which is engaged in the promotion, design, construction and sale of entry-level and middle-income housing. This entity is fully consolidated in accordance with MFRS B-8, since the Company has control over this subsidiary.

 

(3)                   Homex Global, S.A. de C.V, (Homex Global) owns the outstanding stock of the following companies:

 

(a)                   Effective March 2008, Homex Global owns 100% of the outstanding stock of Homex India Private Limited, a subsidiary located in India and that performs the construction and development of entry-level and middle-income housing in India. This company had no significant operations during 2008.

 

(b)                   Effective September 2007, Homex Global owns 15% of the outstanding stock of Orascom Housing Communities “S.A.E.”, an associated company located in Cairo, Egypt that performs the construction and development of entry-level and middle-income housing in Egypt.

 

(c)                    Effective February 2008, Homex Global owns 100% of the outstanding stock of Desarrolladora de Sudamérica, S.A. de C.V., a Mexican company that had no operations during 2008.

 

(d)                  Effective November 2008, Homex Global owns 100% of the outstanding common stock of Homex Brasil Incorporacoes a Construcoes Limitada (Homex Brasil), through its subsidiaries Éxito Construcoes e Participacoes Limitada and HMX Empreendimentos Imobiliarios Limitada. Homex Brasil intends to perform construction and development of entry-level and middle-income housing in Sao Paulo, Brazil. However, it had no significant operations during 2008.

 

(4)               These companies were incorporated in 2007; however, they had no significant operations during 2007 and 2008.

 

(5)               These companies were incorporated in 2008; however, they had no significant operations during 2008.

 

F-10



 

3. Summary of significant accounting policies

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements were prepared in conformity with Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (MFRS).

 

a) New accounting policies

 

The most relevant standards that came into force in 2008 are described below:

 

MFRS B-2, Statement of Cash Flows

 

In November 2007, MFRS B-2 was issued by the Consejo Mexicano para la Investigación y Desarrollo de Normas de la Información Financiera, A.C. (Mexican Financial Information Standards Research Development Board or “CINIF”) to replace Mexican accounting Bulletin B-12, Statement of Changes in Financial Position. This standard establishes that the statement of changes in financial position is substituted by a statement of cash flows as part of the basic financial statements. The main differences between both statements lie in the fact that the statement of cash flows shows the entity’s cash receipts and disbursements for the period, while the statement of changes in financial position showed the changes in the entity’s financial structure rather than its cash flows. In an inflationary environment, the amounts of both financial statements are expressed in constant Mexican pesos. However, in preparing the statement of cash flows, the entity must first eliminate the effects of inflation for the period and, accordingly, determine cash flows at constant Mexican pesos, while in the statement of changes in financial position, the effects of inflation for the period are not eliminated.

 

MFRS B-2 establishes that in the statement of cash flows, the entity must first present cash flows derived from operating activities, then from investing activities, the sum of these activities and finally cash flows derived from financing activities. The statement of changes in financial position first shows the entity’s operating activities, then financing activities and finally its investing activities. Under this new standard, the statement of cash flows may be determined by applying the direct or indirect method.

 

The transitory rules of MFRS B-2 establish that the application of this standard is prospective. Therefore, the financial statements for years ended prior to 2008 include a statement of changes in financial position, as previously established by Mexican accounting Bulletin B-12.

 

MFRS B-10, Effects of Inflation

 

In July 2007, the CINIF issued MFRS B-10, Effects of Inflation. MFRS B-10 defines the two economic environments in Mexico that will determine whether or not entities must recognize the effects of inflation on financial information: i) inflationary, when inflation is equal to or higher than 26%; accumulated in the preceding three fiscal years (an 8% annual average); and ii) non-inflationary, when accumulated inflation for the preceding three fiscal years is less than the aforementioned accumulated 26%. Based on these definitions, the effects of inflation on financial information must be recognized only when entities operate in an inflationary environment.

 

F-11



 

This standard also establishes the accounting rules applicable whenever the economy changes from any type of environment to another. When the economy changes from an inflationary environment to a non-inflationary one, the entity must maintain in its financial statements the effects of inflation recognized through the immediate prior year, since the amounts of prior periods are taken as the base amounts of the financial statements for the period of change and subsequent periods. Whenever the economy changes from a non-inflationary environment to an inflationary one, the effects of inflation on the financial information are recognized retrospectively, meaning that all information for prior periods must be adjusted to recognize the accumulated effects of inflation of the periods in which the economic environment was considered non-inflationary.

 

This standard also abolishes the use of the specific-indexation method for the valuation of imported fixed assets and the replacement-cost method for the valuation of inventories, thus eliminating the result from holding non-monetary assets.

 

The Interpretation 9 of MFRS establishes that comparative financial statements for years prior to 2008 must be expressed in Mexican pesos with purchasing power at December 31, 2007, which was the last date on which the effects of inflation were recognized.

 

The realized result from holding non-monetary assets must be reclassified to retained earnings, while the unrealized portion must be maintained as such within stockholders’ equity, and reclassified to results of operations when the asset giving rise to it is realized. Whenever it is deemed impractical to separate the realized from the unrealized result from holding non-monetary assets, the full amount of this item may be reclassified to the retained earnings.

 

The effect of the adoption of this standard on the Company’s 2008 financial statements is the Company’s ceasing to recognize the effects of inflation on its financial information; therefore no monetary result was determined. The accumulated monetary position as of December 31, 2007 that was Ps. 346,641 was reclassified to the retained earnings.

 

MFRS B-15, Foreign Currency Translation

 

MFRS B-15 incorporates the concepts of recording currency, functional currency and reporting currency, and establishes the methodology to translate financial information of a foreign entity, based on those terms. Additionally, this rule is aligned with NIF B-10, which defines translation procedures of financial information from subsidiaries that operate in inflationary and non-inflationary environments. Prior to the application of this rule, translation of financial information from foreign subsidiaries was according to inflationary environments methodology.

 

The Company’s foreign operations are insignificant at this time and thus the impact of the adoption of this MFRS on the Company’s consolidated financial statements was also insignificant.

 

MFRS D-3, Employee Benefits

 

MFRS D-3, Employee Benefits replaces the previous MFRS accounting Bulletin D-3, Labor Obligations. The most significant changes contained in MFRS D-3 are as follows:

 

i)              shorter periods for the amortization of unamortized items such as transition obligations, with the option to credit or charge actuarial gains or losses directly to results of operations, as they accrue. As further disclosed in Note 13, during 2008 the Company prospectively changed the amortization periods for its transition liability from those of 10-22 year periods in prior years, to a four year period starting in 2008, resulting in Ps. 5,559 in additional labor costs being recognized in its 2008 statement of income as compared to prior periods;

 

F-12



 

ii)           elimination of the recognition of an additional liability and resulting recognition of an intangible asset and comprehensive income item. As further disclosed in Note 13, upon the adoption of MFRS D-3 the Company reversed its intangible asset of Ps. 30,092 and additional liability of Ps. 34,189 resulting in a credit to shareholders equity of Ps. 4,097 in 2008;

 

iii) accounting treatment of current-year and deferred employee profit-sharing, requiring that deferred employee profit-sharing be recognized using the asset and liability method established under MFRS D-4. The Company recorded a deferred profit sharing asset of Ps. 29,667 upon adoption of MFRS D-3. That asset has been adjusted to a value of Ps. 26,606 as of December 31, 2008; and

 

iv)       current-year and deferred employee profit-sharing expense is to be presented as an ordinary expense in the income statement rather than as part of taxes on profits.

 

The impact of the adoption of MFRS D-3 is as indicated above.

 

MFRS D-4, Taxes on Profit

 

The CINIF also issued Mexican FRS D-4, Taxes on Profits which replaces Mexican accounting Bulletin D-4 Accounting for Income Taxes, asset Tax and Employee Profit-sharing. The most significant changes attributable to MFRS D-4 are as follows:

 

i)                the concept of permanent differences is eliminated. The asset and liability method requires the recognition of deferred taxes on all differences in balance sheet accounts for financial and tax reporting purposes, regardless of whether they are permanent or temporary;

 

ii)             because current and deferred employee profit-sharing is now considered as an ordinary expense under MFRS D-3, it is excluded from this standard;

 

iii)          asset taxes are required to be recognized as a tax credit and, consequently, as a deferred income tax asset only in those cases in which there is certainty as to its future realization; and

 

iv)         the cumulative effect of adopting Mexican accounting Bulletin D-4 is to be reclassified to retained earnings, unless it is identified with comprehensive items in stockholders’ equity not yet taken to income.

 

The application of this standard is prospective in nature. Therefore the comparative financial statements from prior years were not modified. The adoption of this MFRS did not have any effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

The most relevant standards that came into force in 2007 are described below:

 

MFRS B-3, Statement of Income

 

MFRS B-3 establishes the guidelines for classifying income, costs and expenses as either ordinary or non-ordinary and modifies certain MFRS. The primary sections of the statement of income have been redefined to embody the concepts of “ordinary items” and the classification of income. Also, the caption Initial accumulated effect of accounting changes has been eliminated from such statement, as established in MFRS B-1, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections.

 

MFRS B-3 also allows entities to present costs and expenses in the statement of operations, based on their function or nature or a combination of both. MFRS B-3 does not require the presentation of operating income in the statement of operations, but still allows for it when operating income is deemed to be an important indicator for evaluating a

 

F-13



 

particular entity’s performance. When an entity does decide to include the operating income caption, MFRS B-3 requires the disclosure of the items comprising such caption and a justification for its inclusion in the statement of income.

 

The Company decided to include the caption “Income from Operations” in the consolidated statement of income since management considers that these are significant indicators, conforming to the disposition included in the recently issued Financial Reporting Standard Orientation No. 1, Presentation or disclosure of the operating income or loss, which establishes the general rules for the presentation of the statement of income.

 

MFRS B-13, Subsequent Events

 

MFRS B-13 modifies the former rules relative to subsequent events by establishing that certain events, such as the restructuring of assets and liabilities and the relinquishing of creditors of their collection rights in the case of debt default, shall be disclosed in the notes to the financial statements and recognized in the period in which they took place. Accordingly, the financial statements may no longer be adjusted to reflect these types of subsequent events.

 

The application of MFRS B-13 had no effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

 

MFRS C-13, Related Parties

 

This MFRS broadens the concept of related parties to include immediate family members of key management personnel or directors, as well as funds derived from labor obligation plans. MFRS C-13 also requires the following disclosures: i) the relationship between the controlling company and its subsidiaries, irrespective of whether transactions were carried out between them in the period; ii) the name of the direct controlling company and, when different from such, the name of the principal controlling company of the economic entity to which the entity belongs; and iii) compensation granted to the entity’s key management personnel or directors (in the case of public companies). This standard allows entities to disclose, only when there are enough elements to sustain such an assertion, that the transactions carried out with related parties are on terms similar to market conditions.

 

The application of MFRS C-13 had no effect on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

 

MFRS D-6, Capitalization of the Comprehensive Financing Cost

 

MFRS D-6 establishes that entities must capitalize comprehensive financing cost (CFC), which had been optional, under Mexican accounting Bulletin C-6, Property, Plant and Equipment.

 

Capitalized CFC is defined as the amount attributable to qualifying assets that could have been avoided if its acquisition had not taken place, which in the case of Mexican peso denominated financing, includes its interest and the net monetary position, and in the case of foreign currency denominated financing, it also includes any exchange gain or losses. Qualifying assets are defined as those assets acquired by an entity requiring a prolonged period of time to carryout the activities to get them ready for their intended use, that are to be sold or leased that require a prolonged period to be acquired or readied for its sale or lease including inventories that require a period of time to take possession or to get them in conditions for their sale. The capitalization of the comprehensive result of financing starts and continues while investments for its acquisition are being made, the activities required for conditioning the asset for sale or use are underway and interest is being accrued.

 

MFRS D-6 establishes that the amount of capitalized CFC will be determined based on the loans that were specifically used to acquire the qualifying assets, or if such identification cannot be made, by applying the weighted average capitalization rate for financing to the weighted average number of investments in qualifying assets made during the acquisition period. Financing with imputed interest cost may be capitalized against the cost of acquired assets, since the financing is recognized at its present value.

 

F-14



 

The application of MFRS D-6 for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 represented a decrease in CFC of Ps. 1,250,080 and Ps. 179,304, respectively, although Ps. 976,707 in 2008 and Ps. 119,286 in 2007 was ultimately charged to cost of sales as the underlying projects were sold. This standard is applied prospectively, so 2008 and 2007 are not comparable to 2006.

 

Interpretation 8 of MFRS, Effects of the Flat-Rate Business Tax (IETU)

 

In December 2007, the CINIF issued the Interpretation 8 of MFRS, which is effective for the reporting periods beginning on or after October 1, 2007. Such standard was created as a result of the need to clarify whether the new flat rate business tax (IETU) should be treated as a tax on profits and to establish the guidelines for its accounting treatment.

 

MFRS interpretation 8 establishes that the IETU is a tax on income; therefore its effects should be recognized in conformity with the provisions of Mexican accounting Bulletin D-4, Accounting for Income Tax, Asset Tax and Employee Profit Sharing, and as of January 1, 2008, in conformity with MFRS D-4, Taxes on Profits. Based on the conclusions of this Interpretation, an entity must first prepare financial projections to determine whether its future taxable base would result in a IETU payable or regular income tax payable. Based on the results of these projections, taxpayers will be able to identify the expected behavior of IETU and regular income tax.

 

Entities that have determined that they will essentially pay IETU in future years must recognize the effects of deferred IETU in their financial statements dated between October 1 and December 31, 2007. This deferred tax must correspond to the temporary differences and IETU credits existing in 2007 for which payment or recovery of IETU is expected as of or after 2008. Therefore, those entities that have determined that they will essentially pay IETU in the future must also eliminate the deferred income tax asset or liability recognized at such date. These adjustments give rise to an expense or income that must be recognized in the 2007 statement of income as part of the caption Taxes on Income or in stockholders’ equity when it relates to other comprehensive income (loss) items.

 

The deferred tax rate is the rate enacted and established in the tax provisions at the date of the financial statements, which is expected to be in force at the time the deferred IETU assets and liabilities will be realized (16.5% in 2008, 17% in 2009 and 17.5% in 2010 and subsequent years).

 

Deferred IETU for the period must be recognized as a deferred tax expense or income in the statement of income of the period as part of the tax on profits caption, or in stockholders’ equity for those amounts associated with comprehensive income items, and as a non-current asset or long-term liability in the balance sheet. In the notes to the financial statements, the Company must disclose an analysis of the taxes on income presented in the statement of income, showing the amounts of current and deferred IETU expense. The entity must also mention the deferred IETU related to other comprehensive items.

 

Based on the IETU Law, an entity must determine the amount of asset tax generated through 2007 that it will be able to recover as of 2008. This amount must be recognized in the 2007 financial statements as a tax account receivable and any amount of asset tax considered unrecoverable must be recognized as an expense in the 2007 statement of income as part of the Taxes on income caption. Starting 2008, the balance of recoverable taxes must be reviewed on each financial statement closing date and written down when there is evidence that some amounts may not be recoverable.

 

The effects of adopting this new accounting standard are described in Note 23.

 

F-15



 

b) Revenue and cost recognition

 

Revenues from the Company’s activities as a developer are recorded pursuant to the percentage-of-completion method, measured by the percentage of actual costs incurred to total estimated costs for each development and each project. Under this method, the estimated revenue for each development and project is multiplied by such percentage to determine the amount of revenue to be recognized. Management periodically evaluates the fairness of estimates used to determine the percentage of completion. If, as a result of such evaluation, it becomes apparent that estimated costs on uncompleted projects exceed expected revenues, a provision for estimated costs is recorded in the period in which such costs are determined. The Company begins applying the percentage-of-completion method when the following conditions have been met:

 

·                                the homebuyer has submitted all required documents in order to obtain the financing from the mortgage lender;

·                                the Company established that the homebuyer will obtain the required financing from the mortgage lender;

·                                the homebuyer has signed a purchase application for the processing and granting of a loan to buy a property to be used as housing; and

·                                the homebuyer has made a down payment, where down payments are required.

 

The cost of sales represents the cost incurred in the development of housing revenues by the Company during the year. These costs include land, direct materials, labor and all the indirect costs related to the development of the project such as indirect labor, equipment, repairs, depreciation and the capitalization of the comprehensive financing costs.

 

Refer to Note 26 for a discussion of IMFRS 14 which will change the Company’s accounting for revenue and cost recognition beginning in 2010.

 

c) Recognition of the effects of inflation

 

Effective January 1, 2008 the Company adopted MFRS B-10, Effects of Inflation. Based on this Standard, the Company did not recognize the effects of inflation in the financial information for the year ended December 31, 2008. However, for prior period’s information of 2007 and 2006 presented for comparative purposes, it is stated in pesos of purchasing power as of December 31, 2007, last date that the inflation was recognized.

 

Cumulative inflation over 2006, 2007 and 2008 is less than 26% and therefore, in conformity with MFRS B-10, Mexico’s current economic environment is considered non-inflationary and so the Company’s financial information for 2008 was prepared without recognizing the effects of inflation. Interpretation 9 of MFRS establishes that comparative financial statements for years prior to 2008 must be expressed in Mexican pesos with purchasing power at December 31, 2007, which was the last date on which the effects of inflation were recognized. Therefore amounts as of December 31, 2008 do not include inflation effects, and the comparative figures as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, are stated in thousands of pesos as of December 31, 2007.

 

The consolidated statement of income, statement of changes in stockholders’ equity and statement of changes in financial position for the years ended December 31, 2006, which are presented for comparative purposes, were restated to Mexican pesos of 2007 purchasing power. The factor used to restate the prior year balances was 1.037590, which is based on National Consumer Price Index or NCPI.

 

d) Use of estimates

 

In conformity with MFRS, the preparation of financial statements requires the use of estimates and assumptions in certain areas.  Actual results could differ from these estimates.

 

F-16



 

e) Cash and cash equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalents consist basically of bank deposits and highly liquid investments with maturities of less than 90 days. These investments are stated at cost plus accrued interest, which is similar to their market value.

 

f) Allowance for doubtful accounts

 

The Company’s policy is to provide for doubtful accounts based on balances of uncollected accounts receivable, applying several percentages based on their aging status.

 

g) Inventories and costs of sales

 

Construction-in-process, construction materials and land for development and future development are recorded at acquisition cost and until December 31, 2007 were restated using the NCPI. Cost of sales for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 was also restated by applying such index. The balance of this account is similar to its market value.

 

Land for future developments refers to land reserves to be developed by the Company.

 

Effective January 1, 2007 MFRS D-6 became mandatory and established the determination of the amount from the comprehensive financing cost (CFC) that shall be capitalized. The land under development inventories and construction-in-process include the capitalized CFC. The Company capitalizes the CFC that results from the application of the weighted average rate of the debt to the weighted average of the construction-in-process investment and the land under development during the acquisition period. In regards to debt in foreign currency, the capitalized CFC includes the corresponding exchange gains and losses (see Note 6).

 

The Company has land trusts agreements for the homebuilding development sites, in where each one of the trustees participates in the income generated by these developments in percentages that vary between 9% and 14% for lands not urbanized and 32% for urbanized lands. As per the agreements the Company recognizes the land as inventory when the construction starts (but only for the portion of land used).

 

h) Property and equipment

 

Property and equipment are initially recorded at acquisition cost and until December 31, 2007 were restated using the NCPI (see Note 3c). Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method based on the remaining useful lives of the related assets, as follows:

 

 

 

Years

 

Buildings

 

20

 

Machinery and equipment

 

4 and 10

 

Transportation equipment

 

4

 

Air transportation equipment

 

10

 

Office furniture and equipment

 

10

 

Computers

 

4

 

Communication equipment

 

4

 

 

The value of property and equipment is reviewed whenever there are indications of impairment. See Note 3k for the accounting policy regarding impairment of long-lived assets.

 

F-17



 

i) Leases

 

The Company classifies agreements to lease property and equipment as operating or capital, in conformity with the guidelines of Bulletin D-5, Leases.

 

Lease arrangements are recognized as capital leases if they meet at least one of the following conditions:

 

a)              Under the agreement, the ownership of the leased asset is transferred to the lessee upon termination of the lease.

b)             The agreement includes an option to purchase the asset at a reduced price.

c)              The term of the lease is basically the same as the remaining useful life of the leased asset.

d)             The present value of minimum lease payments is basically the same as the market value of the leased asset, net of any benefit or scrap value.

 

When the lessor retains the risks or benefits inherent to the ownership of the leased asset, the agreements are classified as operating leases and rent is charged to results of operations.

 

j) Goodwill

 

Goodwill represents the difference between the purchase price and the fair value of the net assets acquired at the date of purchase in accordance with the purchase method of accounting.

 

Goodwill is recorded initially at acquisition cost and until December 31, 2007 was restated using adjustment factors derived from the NCPI.

 

Goodwill is not amortized; however, it is subject to annual impairment tests, and is adjusted for any impairment losses. Goodwill is allocated to the affordable entry-level segment.

 

Goodwill as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 was Ps. 731,861.

 

k) Impairment of long-lived assets in use

 

The Company reviews the carrying amounts of long-lived assets in use annually or earlier when an impairment indicator suggests that such amounts might not be recoverable, considering the greater of the present value of future net cash flows using an appropriate discount rate, or the net sales price upon disposal. Impairment is recorded when the carrying amounts exceed the greater of the amounts mentioned above. The impairment indicators considered for these purposes are, among others, the operating losses or negative cash flows in the period if they are combined with a history or projection of losses; depreciation and amortization charged to results, which in percentage terms in relation to revenues are substantially higher than that of previous years; obsolescence; reduction in the demand for the products manufactured; competition; and other legal and economic factors.

 

l) Other assets

 

Expenses related to the placement of the various borrowings disclosed in Note 10 are recorded at cost and until December 31, 2007 were restated by applying NCPI factors. These amounts will be amortized under the straight-line method over the respective loan terms. The value assigned to the BETA trademark was restated until December 31, 2007 by applying NCPI factors, and is amortized under the straight-line method over five years for the trademark, which is the estimated useful life.

 

F-18



 

m) Employee retirement obligations

 

The Company grants seniority premiums and termination pay, covering all its employees. The related calculations are based on the provisions of the Mexican Federal Labor Law (FLL).  Under FLL, workers are entitled to certain benefits at the time of their separation from the Company under certain circumstances.  Seniority premiums and termination payments are recognized periodically using the projected unit-credit method and financial assumptions (2007 and 2006 net of inflation).

 

As disclosed in Note 13, effective January 1 2008 the Company adopted MFRS D-3. As a result of this adoption, the transition liability of labor obligations is now being amortized over a four-year period. Prior to 2008, this liability was amortized on a straight-line basis over the labor life of our covered employees.

 

n) Derivative financial instruments

 

Derivative financial instruments are used for hedging purposes. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, all derivative instruments were recognized in the balance sheet at fair value, initially represented by the amount of consideration agreed (both assets and liabilities). Transaction costs and cash flow received or delivered to adjust these instruments to fair value at the beginning of the transaction, not related to premiums on options, are amortized during the respective term. The changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments that do not qualify as hedging instruments are recognized in income in valuation effects of derivative instruments caption.

 

o) Liabilities, provisions, contingent assets and liabilities and commitments

 

Liability provisions are recognized whenever (i) the Company has current obligations (legal or assumed) derived from past events, (ii) the liability will probably give rise to a future cash disbursement for its settlement and (iii) the liability can be reasonably estimated.

 

Contingent liabilities are recognized when they will probably likely give rise to a future cash disbursement for their settlement. Contingent assets, if any, are only subject to disclosure, unless they can be definitely realized. Also, commitments are only recognized when they generate a loss.

 

p) Deferred taxes

 

The Company recognizes deferred taxes using the asset and liability method.  Under this method, deferred taxes are recognized on all temporary differences between the book and tax values of assets and liabilities, using the enacted income tax or IETU rate at the time the financial statements are issued, which is the enacted rate that will be in effect at the time the temporary differences giving rise to deferred tax assets and liabilities are expected to be recovered or settled.

 

Deferred tax assets are evaluated periodically in order to determine their recoverability.

 

q) Deferred employee statutory profit sharing

 

Beginning January 1, 2008 the Company uses MFRS D-3, Employee Benefits that considers the accounting treatment for Employee Statutory Profit-Sharing. This Standard establishes the Companies to use the asset and liability method to compute and recognize the deferred liability or asset for profit-sharing, in a similar manner as the deferred income tax computation, and establishes the initial recognition of the deferred profit-sharing, if any, to be reclassified to retained earnings, unless it is identified with comprehensive items in stockholders’ equity not yet taken to income.

 

F-19



 

Until December 31, 2007 deferred employee profit sharing was recognized only on temporary differences determined in the reconciliation of current year net income and the income base determined for employee profit-sharing purposes, only when there is no indication that the resulting liability or asset will not be realized in the future.

 

Current-year and deferred employee profit-sharing expense is to be presented as an ordinary expense in the income statement rather than as part of taxes on profits.

 

During the year ended December 31, 2008, the deferred profit-sharing amounts Ps. 26,606 (see Note 9). The initial recognition of the deferred profit-sharing under MFRS D-3 amounts Ps. 29,667 that was recorded in the other stockholders’ equity account. The deferred asset effect generated during 2008 amounts to Ps. 127,305, of which the Company created a valuation allowance of Ps. 100,699, which according with the Company’s projections were more likely than not to be recovered.

 

r) Foreign currency balances and transactions

 

As mentioned in Note 3a beginning January 1, 2008 the Company adopted MFRS B-15 Foreign Currency Translation, Standard that replaces Bulletin B-15 Transactions in Foreign Currency and Translation of Financial Statements of Foreign Operations. This Standard is applicable for the recognition of transactions and amounts in foreign currency.

 

Foreign currency transactions are recorded at the applicable exchange rate in effect at the transaction date. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency are translated into Mexican pesos at the applicable exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. Exchange fluctuations are recorded as a component of net comprehensive financing cost (income) in the consolidated statements of income.

 

See Note 17 for the Company’s consolidated foreign currency position at the end of each year and the exchange rates used to translate foreign currency denominated balances.

 

s) Stock option plan

 

In November 2007, the Company implemented a plan through which certain of its executives and company officials receive remuneration in the form of share-based payment transactions, whereby these individuals render services as consideration for equity instruments. Given the settlement feature contained within the plans, the awards are treated as “Liability Awards” and compensation cost is measured by reference to the fair value of the awards at each balance sheet date. The fair value is determined using an appropriate pricing model (see Note 16e).

 

t) Earnings per share

 

Earnings per share are calculated by dividing net income of majority interest by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year. The Company does not have any dilutive securities beyond the stock options disclosed in Note 16e the effects of which were immaterial in all periods. Accordingly basic and diluted earnings per share were the same.

 

u) Comprehensive income

 

Comprehensive income is represented by net income, the effects of labor obligations (until December 31, 2007) and the effect of the translation of the financial statements of the subsidiaries and foreign associated company.

 

F-20



 

v) Statement of income presentation

 

The costs and expenses reflected in the statement of income are presented according to their function, since this classification allows an adequate analysis of gross profits and operating margins. The Company’s operating income is presented because it is an important indicator of its overall performance and results, and includes ordinary expenses, operating costs and expenses. Other ordinary income is therefore excluded. This presentation conforms with that used for purposes of the financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006.

 

w) Reclassifications

 

Certain amounts in the 2007 and 2006 consolidated financial statements have been reclassified in order to conform with 2008 presentations.

 

x) Segment reporting

 

Segment reporting is presented in accordance with the information prepared for the internal decision taking process. The information is presented according to the type of housing on sale by the Company.

 

4. Cash and cash equivalents

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Cash

 

Ps.

225,669

 

Ps.

118,410

 

Temporary investments

 

914,471

 

2,088,424

 

 

 

Ps.

1,140,140

 

Ps.

2,206,834

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents consist basically of bank deposits and highly liquid investments. The Company has restricted cash as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 for Ps. 128,045 and Ps. 156,090, of which Ps. 128,045 and Ps. 102,000 are related to restricted amounts (see Note 14), respectively. Ps. 54,090 in 2007 relates to a contemplated business combination.

 

5. Trade accounts receivable

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

As promoter:

 

 

 

 

 

Total incurred construction costs

 

Ps.

7,487,205

 

Ps.

4,370,277

 

Estimated gross profit on costs incurred

 

3,082,839

 

2,075,560

 

Unbilled revenues on developments in progress

 

10,570,044

 

6,445,837

 

Due from customers (1)(2)

 

1,343,786

 

1,135,473

 

Services and other

 

61,382

 

60,692

 

 

 

11,975,212

 

7,642,002

 

Allowance for doubtful accounts

 

(48,184

)

(89,318

)

 

 

11,927,028

 

7,552,684

 

Trade accounts receivable, long-term (3)

 

(81,498

)

(3,426

)

 

 

Ps.

11,845,530

 

Ps.

7,549,258

 

 

Unbilled revenues on developments in progress represent revenues recognized on costs incurred, in accordance with the percentage-of-completion method, which have not yet been billed.

 

F-21



 

The Company does not believe that it has a significant concentration of credit risk. While some of its receivables are from homebuyers, the majority are from entities in the home finance business, whose characteristics differ from other receivables.

 


(1)          These amounts include balances due from INFONAVIT, FOVISSSTE, SOFOLES (Sociedades Financieras de Objeto Limitado), commercial banks and homebuyers. With the exception of commercial banks and homebuyers, all such categories exceed 10% of accounts receivable balances as of December 31, 2008 and 2007.

 

(2)          The Company participates in a program referred to as “Programa de Entrega Anticipada de Vivienda INFONAVIT” (formerly “Programa de Liquidez Electronica”). This program provides for factoring of INFONAVIT receivables without recourse, thereby providing for more timely collection.

 

(3)          The long-term trade account receivable is due to an agreement with the Housing Institute of the Federal District, or Instituto de Vivienda del Distrito Federal (“INVI”), on which it was agreed that the Company will receive monthly payments, including interest at a rate of TIIE plus 4%, during a five-year period due to the sale of houses in Mexico City.

 

The carrying value of accounts receivable approximates its market value given its short term nature.

 

6. Inventories

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Land:

 

 

 

 

 

Titled land

 

Ps.

6,780,335

 

Ps.

4,535,849

 

Contracted land

 

4,939,990

 

4,782,862

 

Advances to land suppliers

 

143,666

 

104,007

 

 

 

11,863,991

 

9,422,718

 

Land held for future developments

 

(9,254,469

)

(7,091,074

)

Total land

 

2,609,522

 

2,331,644

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other inventories:

 

 

 

 

 

Construction-in-process

 

1,542,577

 

1,128,591

 

Construction materials

 

638,488

 

629,869

 

Advances to suppliers

 

316,245

 

301,935

 

Total other inventories

 

2,497,310

 

2,060,395

 

Total inventories

 

Ps.

5,106,832

 

Ps.

4,392,039

 

 

The Company’s policy is to locate and acquire land each year, classifying land currently being developed and land planned to be developed within the next year as part of current assets, and classifying all remaining land as non-current assets.

 

Due to the application of MFRS D-6 during 2008 and 2007, the net comprehensive financing cost related to qualified assets for the same periods was Ps. 1,250,080 and Ps. 179,304, of which Ps. 976,707 and Ps. 119,286 related to inventories sold and subsequently was applied to cost of sales of the same periods, respectively. The average period for the amortization of the capitalized comprehensive financing cost is 6 months. The annual capitalization rates are 24.3% and 7.6%, respectively.

 

The Company utilizes certain land trust agreements in order to obtain its supply of land for construction purposes. As December 31, 2008 and 2007 the Company has recognized Ps. 4,438 and Ps. 41,199, related to this inventory, which are part of the “contracted” land inventory.

 

F-22



 

During the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, the net comprehensive financing cost capitalized in inventories was as follows:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Total accrued net comprehensive financing cost before capitalization

 

Ps.

1,808,565

 

Ps.

458,208

 

Comprehensive financing cost capitalized in inventories

 

(1,250,080

)

(179,304

)

Comprehensive financing cost after capitalization

 

Ps.

558,485

 

Ps.

278,904

 

 

7. Prepaid expenses and other current assets

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Sales commissions paid in advance

 

Ps.

103,665

 

Ps.

99,137

 

Sundry debtors

 

101,198

 

58,030

 

Refundable taxes

 

215,747

 

322,265

 

Insurance and bond contracts

 

2,401

 

6,052

 

Prepaid interest

 

4,227

 

4,870

 

 

 

Ps.

427,238

 

Ps.

490,354

 

 

The carrying-value of financial instruments contained within prepaid expenses and other current assets approximate their market value given their short term nature.

 

8. Property and equipment

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Buildings

 

Ps.

253,412

 

Ps.

251,570

 

Machinery and equipment

 

1,399,166

 

967,009

 

Transportation equipment

 

103,799

 

89,313

 

Air transportation equipment

 

75,203

 

75,203

 

Office furniture and equipment

 

106,760

 

63,672

 

Computers

 

128,066

 

76,482

 

Communication equipment

 

38,360

 

21,460

 

 

 

2,104,766

 

1,544,709

 

Accumulated depreciation

 

(733,729

)

(420,871

)

 

 

1,371,037

 

1,123,838

 

Land

 

31,891

 

31,891

 

 

 

Ps.

1,402,928

 

Ps.

1,155,729

 

 

The amount of assets acquired via capitalized leases during the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, was Ps. 97,131 and Ps. 350,854, respectively. At December 31, 2006, the assets acquired by capital leases were not material.

 

Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 was Ps. 323,727, Ps. 196,307 and Ps. 130,829, respectively.

 

F-23



 

9. Other assets

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Net value of the “BETA” trademark (1)

 

Ps.

136,581

 

Ps.

227,635

 

Trade accounts receivable, long-term (see Note 5)

 

81,498

 

3,426

 

Financial instruments (see Note 11)

 

65,975

 

 

Debt issuance costs, net

 

79,468

 

69,979

 

Investment (2)

 

59,226

 

19,083

 

Deferred profit-sharing (Note 3q)

 

26,606

 

 

Other

 

19,015

 

65,802

 

Intangible assets from employee retirement obligations (Note 3a)

 

 

30,092

 

 

 

Ps.

468,369

 

Ps.

416,017

 

 

Amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 was Ps. 101,294, Ps. 105,410 and Ps. 114,529, respectively. The expected amortization of the “BETA” trademark and debt issuance costs for the years 2009 to 2015 is as follows:

 

Year

 

Amortization

 

2009

 

Ps.

109,747

 

2010

 

56,959

 

2011

 

11,432

 

2012

 

11,432

 

2013 and thereafter

 

26,479

 

 

 

Ps.

216,049

 

 


(1)  The “BETA” Trademark is allocated to the affordable entry-level segment.

 

(2)        The Company has an investment in the 15% of the Egyptian company Orascom Housing Communities “S.A.E.”. The Company accounts this investment using equity method.

 

F-24



 

10. Debt

 

a) As of December 31, 2008, the outstanding balances of short-term indebtedness with financial institutions consist of the following:

 

 

 

2008

 

HSBC México, S.A.

 

 

 

A revolving line of credit granted by HSBC Mexico, S.A. on December 26, 2008 for Ps. 50,000. The borrowing matured on January 23, 2009 and bears interest at the Mexican interbank equilibrium interest rate (TIIE) plus 4.1%.

 

Ps.

50,000

 

Banco Regional de Monterrey, S.A.

 

 

 

A revolving credit line granted by Banco Regional de Monterrey S.A. on December 11, 2008 for Ps. 90,284. The borrowing matured on January 8, 2009, and bears interest at TIIE plus 4%.

 

90,284

 

Grupo Financiero Inbursa, S.A.

 

 

 

A revolving credit line granted by Grupo Financiero Inbursa S.A. on December 19, 2008 for Ps. 600,000. The borrowing matured on January 19, 2009, and bears interest at TIIE plus 4.5%.

 

600,000

 

Banco Mercantil del Norte, S.A.

 

 

 

A revolving credit line granted by Banco Mercantil del Norte S.A. on December 30, 2008 for Ps. 300,000. The borrowing matured on January 29, 2009, and bears interest at TIIE plus 3.25%.

 

300,000

 

Banco Santander México, S.A.

 

 

 

A revolving credit line granted by Banco Santander Mexico S.A. on November 12, 2008 for Ps. 100,000. The borrowing matures on May 7, 2009, and bears interest at TIIE plus 1%.

 

100,000

 

Interest payable

 

3,448

 

Total

 

Ps.

1,143,732

 

 

There was no short-term indebtedness balance as of December 31, 2007.

 

F-25



 

b) As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the outstanding balances of long-term debt with financial institutions consist of the following:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Bond issuance (“Senior Guaranteed Notes”) by Credit Suisse First Boston and Merrill Lynch. These obligations are guaranteed by PICSA, DECANO and other subsidiary companies. They are USD denominated in the amount of US $250 million, with a fixed annual interest rate of 7.5%, payable on September 28, 2015. Interest is payable semiannually.

 

Ps.

3,443,450

 

Ps.

2,729,625

 

HSBC México, S.A.

 

 

 

 

 

A line of credit granted by HSBC Mexico S.A. on July 1, 2005 for Ps. 1,081 million, with semiannual payments beginning on March 14, 2008. The borrowing ultimately matures on September 14, 2010, and bears interest at TIIE plus 1%.

 

360,334

 

540,500

 

GE Capital, S.A.

 

 

 

 

 

A line of credit granted by GE Capital S.A. on July 29, 2005 for US$2.3 million. The borrowing ultimately matures on July 29, 2010, and bears interest at an annual rate of 7.4%.

 

11,136

 

13,872

 

Grupo Financiero Inbursa, S.A.

 

 

 

 

 

A line of credit granted by Grupo Financiero Inbursa S.A. on June 26, 2008 for Ps. 2,078 million. The borrowing ultimately matures on June 26, 2013 and bears interest at TIIE plus 1.5%.

 

2,078,000

 

 

Hipotecaria Nacional, S.A. de C.V.

 

 

 

 

 

Three separate lines of credit granted by Hipotecaria Nacional, S.A. de C.V. for amounts totaling Ps. 299,795. Borrowings were granted on November 6, 2008, November 20, 2008 and December 11, 2008. The borrowings mature in November and December 2010, and bear interest at TIIE plus 4%. This line of credit is guaranteed by five of the Company’s land lots.

 

299,795

 

 

Interest payable, primarily Senior Guaranteed Notes

 

71,076

 

75,547

 

Total long-term debt

 

6,263,791

 

3,359,544

 

Current portion of long-term debt

 

(273,672

)

(260,758

)

Long-term debt balances

 

Ps.

5,990,119

 

Ps.

3,098,786

 

 

F-26



 

Covenants

 

Loan covenants require the Company and its guarantors subsidiaries to meet certain obligations. These covenants cover changes in ownership control, restrictions on incurring additional debt that does not meet certain requirements established in the loan contracts, restrictions on the sale of assets and the sale of capital stock in subsidiaries, unless they meet certain requirements, and restricted payments where dividends cannot be paid or capital reimbursed to stockholders’ equity unless they are made between the guarantor subsidiaries.

 

Most significant financial covenants, contained within loan agreements, require the Company to maintain:

 

·                  A ratio of total debt to total stockholders’ equity of more than 1.0 to 1.0;

 

·                  A ratio of the earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) to the current portion of  long-term debt (including the interest payable) of at least 3.0 to 1.0;

 

·                  Total of stockholders’ equity of at least Ps. 8,000,000;

 

·                  A ratio of interest coverage (EBITDA/net financing expense) of at least 2.50 to 1.0;

 

·                  A ratio of leverage (liabilities with cost/EBITDA) of less than 2.50 to 1.0; and

 

·                  Operational restrictions on the working capital.

 

There are also restrictions applicable to additional debt based on EBITDA levels. In the event the Company does not comply with any of the above provisions, it will be limited in its ability to pay dividends to its stockholders.

 

As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company was in compliance with the financial covenants contained within its debt agreements.

 

Senior guaranteed notes exchange offer

 

In January 2006, the Company completed an Exchange Offer related to all of its Senior Guaranteed Notes. The new notes have been registered pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933 as amended. Otherwise, the terms of the “Old” Senior Guaranteed Notes and the New “Senior” Guaranteed Notes are identical. During 2006, the Company incurred Ps. 12,994 in incremental direct costs associated with the Exchange Offer. These amounts are included with other debt issuance costs (see Note 9) and will be amortized over the remaining life of the Senior Guaranteed Notes.

 

Debt maturities

 

As of December 31, 2008, long-term debt matures as follows:

 

Year

 

Amount

 

2010

 

Ps.

468,669

 

2013

 

2,078,000

 

2015

 

3,443,450

 

 

 

Ps.

5,990,119

 

 

The value of the TIIE published in the Federal Official Gazette as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 was 8.6886% and 7.9250%, respectively. The exchange rate used to convert debt denominated in US Dollars was 13.7738 Mexican pesos and 10.9185 Mexican pesos, respectively.

 

F-27



 

11.  Financial instruments

 

Financial Instruments Related to the Senior Guaranteed Notes

 

As disclosed in Note 10, the Company’s Senior Guaranteed Notes are US dollar denominated. In order to convert the principal of the US dollar bonds to Mexican pesos, in September 2005 the Company entered into two “Principal-Only Swaps” with a notional value of US$250 million, which entitled the Company to receive this amount in 2015 in return for a payment in Mexican pesos at a fixed exchange rate of 10.83 Mexican pesos per US Dollar. As part of this agreement, the Company paid interest of 2.92% a year on the total notional amount in US dollars, in semiannual payments.

 

The Principal-Only Swap transaction did not meet hedge accounting requirements, and thus all changes in the fair value of the underlying derivative were recorded in the Company’s current earnings as a component of comprehensive financing cost within the valuation effects on derivative instruments account. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, the fair value of this derivative was Ps. 79,098 (US$7.2 million) and Ps. 227,075 (US$20.2 million) which represented the estimated present value of future cash flows to be paid out by the Company.

 

On July 5, 2008 the Company cancelled its Principal-Only Swap by paying Ps. 54,434 (US$ 5.3 million).   No gain or loss was recorded upon cancelation of the Principal-Only Swap agreement as it was already recorded at fair value.

 

On July 6, 2008 the Company entered into new derivative instruments in order to cover the possible changes in the exchange rate of future interest payments of the Senior Guaranteed Notes for US$250 million (“Interest-Only Swap”). This new transaction also does not meet hedge accounting requirements, and thus changes in the fair value of the underlying derivative have been and will be recorded in the Company’s current earnings as a component of comprehensive financing cost within the exchange (gain) losses account. As of December 31, 2008 the fair value of this derivative was a favorable asset position of Ps. 65,975 (US$4.8 million) (see Note 9).

 

The net accumulated effect in the statement of income of the Principal-Only Swap and the Interest-Only Swap for the years ended December 31, 2008 was Ps. (90,639).

 

Other Financial Instruments

 

During the normal course of operations the Company maintains net liability positions in foreign currency (US dollars) which are originated by its operations’ short and long-term liabilities. During 2008, the Company entered into hedging derivative financial instruments that were expected to mitigate the risk associated with the exchange loss in the acquisition of foreign currencies. However, due to the recent volatility in the exchange rate between the Mexican Peso and US dollar, the Company decided to cancel and or otherwise restructure all its hedging derivative financial instruments. At December 31, 2008, the Company only has the Interest-Only Swap described above. The Company had an impact in its statement of income of approximately Ps. 404,601.

 

The net valuation effects of financial instruments for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, were Ps. 313,962, Ps. (147,977) and Ps. 101,895, respectively.

 

F-28



 

12. Leases

 

a) Capital leases

 

As of December 31, 2008 there are contracts of capital leases of machinery and equipment for a 5 year period. The capital leases as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 are shown as follows:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial leases provided by Bancomer, S.A. in June 2007, with maturity in January 2013 and an interest rate at TIIE plus 0.8%.

 

Ps.

288,857

 

Ps.

350,331

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial leases provided by Bancomer, S.A. in September 2008, with maturity in October 2013 and interest rate at TIIE plus 0.8%.

 

 

53,725

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial leases provided by Bancomer, S.A. in December 2008, with maturity in January 2014 and interest rate at TIIE plus 3.5%.

 

 

56,525

 

 

 

Other

 

 

2,315

 

 

3,222

 

Interest payable

 

 

2,472

 

 

3,491

 

Total capital leases

 

 

403,894

 

 

357,044

 

Current portion of long-term capitalized leases

 

 

(89,255

)

 

(68,187

)

Total long-term capital leases

 

Ps.

314,639

 

Ps.

288,857

 

 

Minimum compulsory payments relating to these contracts as of December 31, 2008, excluding interest payable monthly, are as follows:

 

Year

 

Total

 

2009

 

Ps.

89,255

 

2010

 

 

93,171

 

2011

 

 

101,962

 

2012

 

 

92,579

 

2013

 

 

26,927

 

Total

 

Ps.

403,894

 

 

Covenants

 

The most significant financial covenants of the leases require the Company and its subsidiaries to maintain:

 

·                 A liquidity ratio of current assets to short-term liabilities no less than 1.50 to 1.0;

 

·                 A financing ratio of total liabilities to stockholders’ equity no greater than 1.70 to 1.0;

 

·                 A relation of operational income to net comprehensive financing cost at a minimum level of 2.0;

 

As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company was in compliance with these financial covenants.

 

F-29



 

b) Operating leases

 

As of December 31, 2008 the Company had entered into agreements for the operating lease of machinery and equipment for a period of 5 to 6 years. The minimum compulsory payments relating to these agreements are as follows:

 

Year

 

 

2008

 

2009

 

Ps.

53,874

 

2010

 

 

53,605

 

2011

 

 

49,110

 

2012

 

 

34,783

 

2013

 

 

19,359

 

2014

 

 

283

 

Total

 

Ps.

211,014

 

 

Operating leases expensed for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 amounted to Ps. 52,833 Ps. 33,694 and Ps. 16,254, respectively.

 

13. Employee benefits obligations

 

The Company has a plan for covering seniority premiums which consists of a lump sum payment of 12 days’ wages for each year worked, calculated using the most recent salary, not to exceed twice the legal minimum wage established by law. Since 2005, the Company has recognized a liability for personal severance pay. The related liability and annual cost of such benefits are calculated by an independent actuary on the basis of formulas defined in the plans using the projected unit credit method.

 

As mentioned in Note 3, the Company applied the provisions of new MFRS D-3, Employee Benefits which replaces the previous MFRS accounting Bulletin D-3, Labor Obligations. The most significant effects of its application are as follows:

 

i)                 Additional labor cost of Ps. 5,559 being recognized in its 2008 statement of income as compared to prior periods.

 

ii)             Elimination of the recognition of an additional liability and resulting recognition of an intangible asset and comprehensive income item. Upon the adoption of MFRS D-3 the Company reversed its intangible asset of Ps. 30,092 and additional liability of Ps. 34,189 resulting in a credit to shareholders equity of Ps. 4,097 in 2008.

 

As of December 31, 2008 and 2007 and for the years ended 2008, 2007 and 2006, the present values of these obligations and the rates used for the calculations are as follows:

 

 

 

For the year ended December 31, 2008

 

 

 

Severance pay

 

Seniority premium

 

Total

 

Integration of Net Period Cost:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Labor cost

 

Ps.

14,002

 

Ps.

1,748

 

Ps.

15,750

 

Financial cost

 

 

9,084

 

 

309

 

 

9,393

 

Transition liability

 

 

3,643

 

 

139

 

 

3,782

 

Amortization of prior services and changes to the plan

 

 

9,144

 

 

306

 

 

9,450

 

Actuarial losses

 

 

78,392

 

 

(367

)

 

78,025

 

Net period cost

 

Ps.

114,265

 

Ps.

2,135

 

Ps.

116,400

 

 

F-30



 

 

 

For the year ended December 31, 2007

 

 

 

Severance pay

 

Seniority premium

 

Total

 

Integration of Net Period Cost:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Labor cost

 

Ps.

8,062

 

Ps.

1,182

 

Ps.

9,244

 

Financial cost

 

 

3,020

 

 

118

 

 

3,138

 

Transition liability

 

 

3,416

 

 

38

 

 

3,454

 

Actuarial losses

 

 

1,346

 

 

6

 

 

1,352

 

Inflation adjustment

 

 

1,135

 

 

93

 

 

1,228

 

Net period cost

 

Ps.

16,979

 

Ps.

1,437

 

Ps.

18,416

 

 

 

 

For the year ended December 31, 2006

 

 

 

Severance pay

 

Seniority premium

 

Total

 

Integration of Net Period Cost:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Labor cost

 

Ps.

7,953

 

Ps.

895

 

Ps.

8,848

 

Financial cost

 

 

2,769

 

 

93

 

 

2,862

 

Transition liability

 

 

2,929

 

 

36

 

 

2,965

 

Actuarial losses

 

 

1,385

 

 

17

 

 

1,402

 

Inflation adjustment

 

 

548

 

 

13

 

 

561

 

Net period cost

 

Ps.

15,584

 

Ps.

1,054

 

Ps.

16,638

 

 

 

 

Balances as of December 31, 2008

 

 

 

Severance pay

 

Seniority premium

 

Total

 

Vested benefit obligations

 

Ps.

112,617

 

Ps.

4,122

 

Ps.

116,739

 

Transition liability

 

 

(14,573

)

 

(558

)

 

(15,131

)

Prior services and changes to the Plan

 

 

(24,241

)

 

(750

)

 

(24,991

)

Non-recognized actuarial gain

 

 

8,381

 

 

152

 

 

8,533

 

Accumulated benefit obligations

 

Ps.

82,184

 

Ps.

2,966

 

Ps.

85,150

 

 

 

 

Balances as of December 31, 2007

 

 

 

Severance pay

 

Seniority premium

 

Total

 

Vested benefit obligations

 

Ps.

111,052

 

Ps.

5,125

 

Ps.

116,177

 

Transition liability

 

 

(18,216

)

 

(697

)

 

(18,913

)

Non-recognized actuarial losses

 

 

(17,160

)

 

(755

)

 

(17,915

)

Prior service cost

 

 

(33,385

)

 

(1,056

)

 

(34,441

)

 

 

Ps

42,291

 

Ps.

2,617

 

Ps.

44,908

 

Additional liability

 

 

33,890

 

 

299

 

 

34,189

 

Accumulated benefit obligations

 

Ps.

76,181

 

Ps.

2,916

 

Ps.

79,097

 

 

During 2007, the Company amended its plan resulting in the admission of additional employee participants who have received credit for prior service costs in the amount of Ps. 34,441 as of December 31, 2007.

 

F-31



 

The changes in the balance of labor obligations are as follows:

 

 

 

Severance pay

 

Seniority
premium

 

Total

 

Initial balance

 

Ps.

42,291

 

Ps.

2,617

 

Ps.

44,908

 

Labor cost

 

 

14,002

 

 

1,748

 

 

15,750

 

Financial cost

 

 

9,084

 

 

309

 

 

9,393

 

Transition liability

 

 

3,643

 

 

139

 

 

3,782

 

Amortization of prior services and changes to the plan

 

 

9,144

 

 

306

 

 

9,450

 

Actuarial losses

 

 

78,392

 

 

(367

)

 

78,025

 

Benefits paid

 

 

(74,372

)

 

(1,786

)

 

(76,158

)

Ending balance

 

Ps.

82,184

 

Ps.

2,966

 

Ps.

85,150

 

 

The following is an analysis at December 31 of the Company’s liabilities that make up its labor obligations related to seniority premiums and employee termination payments for reasons other than corporate restructuring:

 

 

 

Seniority premium

 

Severance pay

 

 

 

Projected

 

 

 

Pending

 

Projected

 

Pending

 

 

 

benefit

 

 

 

amortized

 

benefit

 

amortized

 

Year

 

obligations

 

Plan situation

 

items

 

obligations

 

items

 

2008

 

Ps.

4,122

 

Ps.

4,122

 

Ps.

1,156

 

Ps.

112,617

 

Ps.

30,443

 

2007

 

5,125

 

5,125

 

1,452

 

111,052

 

35,376

 

2006

 

2,685

 

2,685

 

1,305

 

55,469

 

39,967

 

2005

 

1,870

 

1,870

 

1,253

 

46,639

 

38,689

 

 

Beginning in 2008, the transition liability is being amortized over a four-year period.

 

The rates used in the actuarial analysis are as follow:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Discounts of labor obligations

 

8.50

%

5.25

%

5.50

%

Salary increases

 

4.50

%

1.25

%

1.50

%

Inflation rates

 

3.50

%

4.00

%

3.75

%

 

F-32



 

14. Trade accounts payable

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Suppliers

 

Ps.

2,680,141

 

Ps.

2,711,927

 

Revolving credit lines *

 

 

996,534

 

 

557,369

 

Other creditors

 

 

329,178

 

 

186,973

 

Total accounts payable

 

Ps.

4,005,853

 

Ps.

3,456,269

 

 


* The Company established a trust that allows its suppliers to obtain financing from various financial institutions, in part through a factoring program sponsored by Nacional Financiera S.N.C. (“Nafinsa”). In relation to this program, the Company established a trust fund called Fideicomiso AAA-Homex with Nacional Financiera, S.N.C. (“Nafinsa”), which granted a line of credit for Ps.1,000,000 with a guarantee fund of Ps. 128,045 and Ps. 102,000, respectively (investment account), as of December 31, 2008 and 2007. Under this program, the AAA-Homex trust can use of the Nafinsa line of credit to finance a portion of the accounts receivable of the Company’s suppliers. As mentioned in Note 2, the AAA Homex trust is a consolidated subsidiary of the Company. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, this factoring program encompassed approximately 3,895 and 2,873 suppliers, respectively, where the financing resources are covered by the suppliers themselves.

 

15. Land suppliers

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Short-term

 

Ps.

2,326,036

 

Ps.

2,754,906

 

Long-term

 

Ps.

405,426

 

Ps.

992,801

 

 

Land suppliers represent the outstanding balance payable to our suppliers of land currently in use or estimated to be developed. Long-term land suppliers represent payables with maturities of over twelve months.

 

16. Stockholders’ equity

 

a) Common stock issued at par value (historical Pesos) as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 is as follows:

 

 

 

Number of Shares

 

Amount

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2008

 

2007

 

Fixed capital:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sole series

 

335,869,550

 

335,869,550

 

Ps.

425,443

 

Ps.

425,443

 

 

b) Retained earnings include the statutory legal reserve. The General Corporate Law requires that at least 5% of net income of the year be transferred to the legal reserve until the reserve equals 20% of capital stock at par value. The legal reserve may be capitalized but may not be distributed unless the entity is dissolved. The legal reserve must be replenished if it is reduced for any reason. The legal reserve as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 amounted Ps. 105,602 and is included as part of the retained earnings.

 

c) The balances of the stockholders’ equity tax account as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 are:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Contributed capital account

 

Ps.

3,965,554

 

Ps.

3,670,265

 

 

Earnings distributed in excess of the balances of the Net Tax Profit Account (CUFIN) will be subject to income tax payable by the companies at the rate in force. At December 31, 2008 the Company’s CUFIN balance is Ps. 359,235.

 

F-33



 

d) On February 27, 2007, the Board of Directors authorized a stock option plan, as an incentive to key executives of the Company (see paragraph e) below).

 

e) The stock option plan consists of 999,200 approved stock options of the Company, the shares for which are held in a trust especially created for this purpose. A total of 978,298 stock options were initially granted to the key executives. During 2007 these grants were made at an exercise price of 98.08 Mexican pesos, which was in excess of the shares underlying fair value at the grant date. During 2008, a total of 29,929 options were exercised, and 335,853 options were cancelled (forfeited) upon the separation of the related employees. Compensation related to the options excercised in 2008 was paid in cash, resulting in no effect on the number of shares held in treasury.

 

The executives have the right to exercise one-third of their total options granted per year. The right to exercise the option expired after one year from the grant date or, in some cases, after 180 days from the departure of the executive from the Company. Given the condition of the equity markets in 2008, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer authorized the modification of the terms of the awards.  Specifically, the duration of the program was extended whereby the exercise of awards if not made in the previously specified period could be exercised one year following.

 

The following information is an analysis of stock option activity during the year:

 

 

 

Number of stock
options

 

Weighted average
price of year (in
pesos)

 

Stocks repurchased for future grant as of November 20, 2007

 

999,200

 

Ps.

98.08

 

Granted

 

(978,298

)

 

98.08

 

Exercised

 

 

 

 

Forfeited

 

 

 

 

Stock options pending to be granted at December 31, 2007

 

20,902

 

 

98.08

 

Granted

 

 

 

 

Exercised

 

29,929

 

 

118.78

 

Forfeited

 

335,853

 

 

 

Stock options pending to be granted at December 31, 2008

 

386,684

 

Ps.

98.08

 

 

The average fair value of all the stock options granted was 6.02 Mexican pesos and 18.42 Mexican pesos per stock option, as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 

Key assumptions used to calculate fair value for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 are as follows:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Expected dividend yield

 

0

%

0

%

Expected stock price volatility

 

72.21

%

21.5

%

Risk-free interest rate

 

7.72

%

8.1

%

Expected life of options in years

 

2.5 years

 

2.1 years

 

Model used

 

Black Scholes Merton

 

Black Scholes Merton

 

 

Total compensation cost related to non-vested stock option awards not yet recognized was Ps. 3,687 and Ps. 18,019 at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.

 

F-34



 

f) On September 26, 2007, Promotora Residencial Huehuetoca, S.A. de C.V. (Huehuetoca) declared dividends to its stockholders which included the Company and minority shareholders. Dividends paid to minority shareholders were Ps. 9,133 and have been reflected as a reduction of minority stockholders’ equity in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

 

g) On March 10, 2008, the Board of Directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to $250 million in treasury stock through market transaction. However there was no repurchase of treasury stock during 2008 or 2009 to date.

 

17. Foreign currency balances and transactions

 

a) As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the foreign currency monetary position is as follows:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Thousands of US dollars:

 

 

 

 

 

Monetary assets

 

US$ 

6,024

 

US$ 

5,038

 

Monetary liabilities

 

 

(300,466

)

 

(372,284

)

Monetary liability position, net

 

US$ 

(294,442

)

US$ 

(367,246

)

Equivalent in Mexican pesos

 

Ps.

(4,055,586

)

Ps.

(4,009,775

)

 

b) Non-monetary assets of foreign origin as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 are as follows:

 

 

 

 

 

Foreign currency

 

Equivalent

 

Foreign currency

 

Equivalent

 

 

 

 

 

Balance (in

 

in Mexican

 

balance (in

 

in Mexican

 

 

 

 

 

thousands)

 

Pesos

 

thousands)

 

Pesos

 

 

 

Currency

 

2008

 

2008

 

2007

 

2007

 

Air transportation equipment

 

US Dollar

 

US$ 

6,888

 

Ps.

75,203

 

US$ 

6,888

 

Ps.

75,203

 

Investment in Egypt

 

Egyptian Pound

 

EGP

23,463

 

 

59,226

 

EGP

8,688

 

 

17,298

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ps.

134,429

 

 

 

Ps.

92,501

 

 

c) The exchange rates in effect at the dates of the consolidated balance sheets and issuance of the consolidated financial statements were as follows:

 

 

 

(In Mexican pesos)

 

 

 

December 31, 2008

 

December 31, 2007

 

June 26, 2009

 

US dollar

 

13.7738

 

10.9185

 

13.3380

 

Egyptian pound

 

2.5242

 

1.9911

 

2.3920

 

 

18. Transactions and balances with related parties

 

a) The following agreements have been entered into with related parties:

 

The Company was a party to an administrative service agreement with two entities whose principal owners are officers of the Company (Serviasesorías and Administradores de la Empresa en Equipo), for which PICSA paid a 5% based on total expenses. The amounts paid under this agreement totaled Ps. 55,389 and Ps. 88,232 in 2007 and 2006, respectively. No amounts were paid in 2008. As of April 1, 2007, these companies entered in a liquidation process and the employees were transferred to subsidiaries of the Company.

 

F-35



 

b) An analysis of balances due from/to related parties at December 31, 2008 and 2007 is as follows:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Due from:

 

 

 

 

 

Administradores de la empresa en equipo, S.C. (1)

 

Ps.

 

Ps.

3,211

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Due to:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Serviasesorías, S.C. (2)

 

Ps.

 

Ps.

104

 

 


(1)              This balance is a component of the Company’s accounts receivable due from customers

(2)              This balance is a component of the supplier account

 

c)  Hipotecaria Crédito y Casa, S.A. de C.V.

 

Eustaquio de Nicolás Gutiérrez, Chairman, and José Ignacio de Nicolás Gutiérrez, brother of Eustaquio de Nicolás Gutiérrez collectively owned a 29.4% ownership interest in Hipotecaria Crédito y Casa, S.A. de C.V, or Crédito y Casa, the principal business of which is providing mortgage financing and bridge loan financing. We estimate that in 2008, 2007 and 2006, 0.1% of the mortgages obtained by our homebuyers were provided by Hipotecaria Crédito y Casa, S.A. de C.V.

 

Eustaquio de Nicolás Gutiérrez and José Ignacio de Nicolás Gutiérrez are both members of the de Nicolás family, which collectively owns 35.0% of the Company’s share capital. In the past, Crédito y Casa has provided bridge loans and mortgages under SHF-sponsored programs to Company’s customers. During 2006, 2007 and 2008, Crédito y Casa provided mortgages with respect to some of the homes sold by us.

 

On November 19, 2007, Hipotecaria Crédito y Casa, S.A. de C.V. was purchased by an independent group of investors, and is no longer an affiliate.

 

d) The terms and conditions among related parties are as follows:

 

The balances receivable from related parties are considered recoverable. For the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, there are no uncollectible amounts for related party receivables.

 

e) Compensation paid to the Company’s key managerial personnel or relevant directors is as follows:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Short and long-term direct benefits

 

Ps.

191,148

 

Ps.

140,326

 

Ps.

106,713

 

Termination benefits

 

35,276

 

40,781

 

 

Stock option benefits

 

616

 

 

 

 

 

Ps.

227,040

 

Ps.

181,107

 

Ps.

106,713

 

 

During 2007, certain stock option benefits were granted to key employees as disclosed in Note 16e. During the year ended December 31, 2008, there were stock option benefits payments for Ps. 616 to these employees; although no new stock option grants were made.

 

There were no post retirement benefits payments during the years presented herein.

 

F-36



 

19. Segment reporting

 

The Company generates separate reports by affordable entry-level and middle-income operations. The following segment reporting information is presented according to the information used by management for decision-making purposes. The Company segregates the financial information by segments, (affordable entry-level and middle-income) considering the operational and organizational structure of the business (which was established by house models as explained in the next paragraph), according to the provisions of Bulletin B-5 Segment reporting.

 

General description of the products or services

 

Mexico’s developer-built housing industry is divided into three segments according to cost:  affordable entry-level, middle-income, and residential. The prices of affordable entry-level segment range between Ps. 195 and Ps. 540; those of the middle-income segment are between Ps. 541 and Ps. 1,885 and those of the residential segment are above Ps. 1,885. The focus is to provide affordable entry-level and middle-income housing for our customers. Therefore, the operating segments that will be presented in detail are the affordable entry-level and the middle-income segments, in conformity with guidelines of Bulletin B-5.

 

Affordable entry-level developments range in size from 500 to 20,000 homes and are developed in stages typically comprising 300 homes each. During 2008, 2007 and 2006, affordable entry-level homes had an average price of approximately Ps. 276, Ps. 260 and Ps. 243, respectively. A typical affordable entry-level home consists of a kitchen, living-dining area, one to three bedrooms, and one bathroom.

 

Middle-income developments range in size from 400 to 2,000 homes and are developed in stages typically comprising 200 homes each. During 2008, 2007 and 2006, middle-income homes had an average price of approximately Ps. 817, Ps. 781 and Ps. 572, respectively. A typical middle-income home consists of a kitchen, dining room, living room, two or three bedrooms, and two bathrooms.

 

The following table shows the operating results by each segment identified as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006:

 

Year ending December 31, 2008

 

Entry-level

 

Middle-income

 

Consolidated

 

Revenues

 

Ps.

14,511,293

 

Ps.

4,339,203

 

Ps.

18,850,496

 

Income from operations

 

2,309,116

 

690,477

 

2,999,593

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

327,185

 

97,836

 

425,021

 

 

Year ending December 31, 2007

 

Entry-level

 

Middle-income

 

Consolidated

 

Revenues

 

Ps.

12,545,899

 

Ps.

3,676,625

 

Ps.

16,222,524

 

Income from operations

 

2,616,011

 

766,628

 

3,382,639

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

233,337

 

68,380

 

301,717

 

 

Year ending December 31, 2006

 

Entry-level

 

Middle-income

 

Consolidated

 

Revenues

 

Ps.

10,544,154

 

Ps.

2,895,365

 

Ps.

13,439,519

 

Income from operations

 

2,266,891

 

622,476

 

2,889,367

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

192,499

 

52,859

 

245,358

 

 

The income from operations caption in the tables above were calculated as the total revenue from each segment, less allocated total consolidated operating cost and expenses. The allocation of total consolidated operating costs and expenses into the segments was based on the percentage that the sales in each segment represent of the total consolidated sales. Depreciation and amortization expense is allocated to each segment using the same basis as operating costs and expenses.

 

F-37



 

The Company does not segregate its total assets by operating segment.

 

20. Operating expenses

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Administrative

 

Ps.

1,259,870

 

Ps.

855,687

 

Ps.

595,234

 

Selling

 

1,026,722

 

849,784

 

669,436

 

Amortization expense of BETA trademark

 

91,054

 

92,958

 

94,477

 

 

 

Ps.

2,377,646

 

Ps.

1,798,429

 

Ps.

1,359,147

 

 

The table below shows the most significant operating expenses:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Salaries and other benefits

 

Ps.

614,560

 

Ps.

439,113

 

Ps.

285,947

 

Office expenses

 

99,411

 

70,761

 

52,048

 

Advertising

 

203,211

 

31,997

 

29,949

 

 

21. Other (expenses) income

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Brazilian settlement (1)

 

Ps.

(48,536

)

Ps.

 

Ps.

 

Recovery of taxes (2)

 

 

394,510

 

 

Current profit-sharing

 

(67,707

)

(30,684

)

(36,728

)

Deferred profit-sharing

 

(3,061

)

 

 

Other income (expenses), net (3)

 

9,378

 

(154,603

)

47,732

 

 

 

Ps.

(109,926

)

Ps.

209,223

 

Ps.

11,004

 

 


(1) See Note 25.

 

(2) During 2007, the Company recovered from tax authorities value-added tax related to the years 2006, 2005 and 2004.

 

(3) Includes a Ps. 65,917 expense recorded in 2007 related to the final outcome of litigation between the Company and BETA’s founders.

 

22. Interest expense

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Interest expense related to senior guaranteed notes (1)

 

Ps.

 

Ps.

141,532

 

Ps.

328,573

 

Other interest expense

 

127,526

 

86,850

 

246,285

 

Commissions and financing costs (2)

 

109,507

 

116,546

 

99,721

 

 

 

Ps.

237,033

 

Ps.

344,928

 

Ps.

674,579

 

 


(1) As of December 31, 2008 the interest expense related to senior guaranteed notes was Ps. 269,052. However due to the MFRS D-6 application, this amount was fully capitalized (see Note 6). As of December 31, 2007 the interest expense related to senior guaranteed notes was Ps. 290,509, of which Ps. 149,157 was capitalized, while Ps. 141,352 remained in the comprehensive financing cost. During 2007, the Company adopted the provisions of MFRS D-6, resulting in the capitalization of a portion of its net financing cost. Because MFRS D-6 was adopted prospectively, 2008 and 2007 interest expense is not comparable to amounts presented for 2006.

 

F-38



 

(2) Includes the commissions paid by the Company to INFONAVIT and Registro Único de Vivienda (RUV), when obtaining approval of individual financing for its customers. The commissions facilitate the home sales and cash inflows recovery, so the Company considers these commissions as part of the financing costs. The amounts expensed in 2008, 2007 and 2006 were Ps. 75,818, Ps. 65,585 and Ps. 51,756, respectively.

 

23. Income tax, asset tax and Flat Rate Business Tax (IETU)

 

In accordance with Mexican tax law, the Company is subject to income tax (ISR), since 2008 Flat Rate Business Tax (“IETU”) and until 2007 asset tax (IMPAC). The ISR is computed taking into consideration the taxable and deductible effects of inflation, such as depreciation calculated on restated asset values. Taxable income is increased or reduced by the effects of inflation on certain monetary assets and liabilities through the inflationary component, which is similar to the gain or loss from monetary position. On December 1, 2004 certain amendments to the ISR and IMPAC laws were enacted and were effective in 2005. The most significant amendments were as follows: a) the ISR rate was reduced to 30% in 2005 and was further reduced to 29% in 2006 and 28% in 2007 and thereafter; b) for income tax purposes, cost of sales is deducted instead of inventory purchases and related conversion costs; c) taxpayers had the ability to elect, in 2005, to ratably increase taxable income over a period from 4 to 12 years by the tax basis of inventories as of December 31, 2004 determined in conformity with the respective tax rules; when electing to amortize the tax basis of inventories into taxable income, any remaining tax balance of inventories that had not been deducted and any unamortized tax loss carryforwards were deducted from the tax basis of the December 31, 2004 inventory balance; as a consequence, cost of sales of such inventories were deducted; d) since 2006, employee statutory profit sharing paid is fully deductible; and e) bank liabilities and liabilities with foreign entities are included to determine the IMPAC taxable base.

 

Until 2006, IMPAC was calculated by applying 1.8% on the net average of the majority of restated assets less certain liabilities. As of 2007 the rate decreased to 1.25% and the deduction of payables was eliminated; the IMPAC was payable only to the extent that it exceeded ISR payable for the same period. Any required payment of IMPAC was creditable against the excess of ISR over IMPAC of the following ten years.

 

The Company files ISR and IMPAC tax returns on an individual entity basis and the related tax results are combined in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

 

On October 1, 2007, the tax law IETU was approved. This tax is mandatory from January 1, 2008 and replaced the IMPAC tax laws.

 

The IETU of the period is calculated applying the rate of 17.5% (16.5% for 2008 and 17% for 2009) based on income determined by cash flows less authorized credits.

 

The credits for the IETU are mainly composed of unamortized negative IETU base, salaries and social security contributions, and deductions from assets such as inventories and fixed assets, during the initial transition period.

 

The payment of IETU is required only to the extent that it exceeds the ISR for the same period.  The ISR paid during the period will reduce the total IETU payable for the same period.

 

When the deductions exceed the accumulated income (negative IETU), no IETU is levied. The amount of the negative IETU multiplied by the applicable rate, results in an IETU credit, which can be offset against the ISR generated in the same period or against the IETU payable, if any, within the next ten years.

 

Based on projected tax calculations in the future it is estimated that the Company will be subject to the payment of the ISR only.

 

F-39



 

a) As of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 the ISR consist of the following:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

ISR:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current

 

Ps.

141,569

 

Ps.

132,873

 

Ps.

143,304

 

Deferred

 

570,606

 

818,407

 

526,539

 

 

 

Ps.

712,175

 

Ps.

951,280

 

Ps.

669,843

 

 

To determine deferred ISR as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company applied the different tax rates that will be in effect beginning in 2009 and 2008, respectively, to temporary differences according to their estimated dates of reversal. In addition, in accordance with tax regulations in effect as of 2005, certain subsidiaries elected to amortize the tax inventory of Ps. 415,208 at December 31, 2004 into taxable income over an 8-year period beginning in 2005, based on inventory turnover. Accordingly, the initial effect of the new regulation of no longer deducting inventory purchases is deferred.

 

b) The reconciliation of the statutory and effective ISR rates expressed as a percentage of income before the ISR is:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

 

 

%

 

%

 

%

 

Statutory rate

 

28

 

28

 

29

 

Add (deduct) effect of permanent differences mainly:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nondeductible expenses

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

Difference between book and tax inflation effects

 

2

 

2

 

3

 

Recovered added-value tax

 

 

(2

)

 

Effect of reduction in statutory rate on deferred ISR

 

 

 

(2

)

Effective tax rate

 

31

 

29

 

31

 

 

F-40



 

c) At December 31, 2008 and 2007 the main items comprising the asset (liability) balance of deferred ISR are:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Deferred ISR asset:

 

 

 

 

 

Effect of tax loss carryforwards

 

Ps.

994,555

 

Ps.

765,563

 

Construction-in-process

 

1,489,578

 

771,010

 

Derivative financial instruments

 

 

22,148

 

Labor obligations

 

23,842

 

9,595

 

Allowance for doubtful accounts

 

13,491

 

26,246

 

Provisions

 

473,756

 

192,880

 

PTU liability incurred

 

19,141

 

9,335

 

Asset tax recoverable

 

10,802

 

11,122

 

Deferred ISR asset

 

3,025,165

 

1,807,899

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Deferred ISR liability:

 

 

 

 

 

Unbilled revenues on developments in progress

 

(2,959,612

)

(1,804,545

)

Inventories

 

(3,078,035

)

(2,503,206

)

Property and equipment

 

(166,542

)

(121,797

)

Other assets

 

(30,940

)

(39,974

)

BETA trademark

 

(38,243

)

(63,738

)

Debt issuance costs

 

(17,513

)

(19,594

)

Derivative financial instruments

 

(18,473

)

 

Prepaid expenses

 

(3,063

)

(3,232

)

Taxable inventory (1)

 

(125,245

)

(93,708

)

Deferred ISR liability

 

(6,437,666

)

(4,649,794

)

Total deferred liability

 

Ps.

(3,412,501

)

Ps.

(2,841,895

)

 


(1)           In conformity with the Mexican Income Tax Law (MITLA) in force through December 31, 2004, the cost of sales was considered as a non-deductible expense and inventory purchases and production costs were considered as deductible items. This tax treatment in the MITLA gave rise to a temporary difference because of the difference in the book value of inventories and its corresponding tax value. Effective January 1, 2005, the MITLA considers cost of sales as a deductible item instead of inventory purchases and production costs. The MITLA established transition rules to be followed to include the December 31, 2004 inventory balance into taxable revenue. However, as result of the interpretation of the transition rules established by the MITLA, the Company did not include its inventory balance at December 31, 2004. Consequently, the Company recorded a taxable inventory as a deferred tax liability of Ps. 125,245 and Ps. 93,708 as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. This taxable inventory relates to the inventory item and tax law change described above as it is the source of income on which the Company did not pay taxes.

 

d) As of December 31, 2008 the tax loss carryforward expiring in the following ten years amounted to Ps. 3,551,984.

 

i.                             The asset tax, which is a minimum income tax, was payable based on 1.25% of the average value of most assets net of certain liabilities. The balances as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 of the asset tax were Ps. 10,802 and Ps. 11,122, respectively.

ii.                          The loss carryforwards and recoverable IMPAC for which the deferred ISR asset and prepaid ISR, respectively, have been recognized can be recovered subject to certain conditions.  Tax loss carryforwards and recoverable IMPAC for which the deferred ISR asset and prepaid ISR, respectively, have been recognized can be recovered, subject to certain conditions. The amounts as of December 31, 2008 and expiration dates are:

 

F-41



 

 

 

Tax Loss

 

Recoverable

 

Year of Expiration

 

Carryforwards

 

IMPAC

 

2012

 

Ps.

7,573

 

Ps.

362

 

2013

 

98,357

 

1,167

 

2014

 

486,726

 

2,172

 

2015

 

405,769

 

1,545

 

2016

 

72,797

 

1,458

 

2017

 

1,296,539

 

4,098

 

2018

 

1,184,223

 

 

 

 

Ps.

3,551,984

 

Ps.

10,802

 

 

No valuation allowance has been recognized against the Company’s tax loss carry-forwards as the Company believes it is more likely than not, that such amounts will ultimately be recovered. Recovery is primarly anticipated by the reversal of deferred tax liabilities recorded in the Company’s consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2008.

 

e) The Federal tax authority has the right to perform reviews of the taxes paid by Mexican companies for a period of five years; therefore tax years beginning with 2003 are subject to possible review.

 

f) The Company does not have any unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2008.

 

24. Subsequent events

 

On February 24, 2009, the Company entered into Ps. 700 million, revolving credit line with Banamex, S.A. a local Mexican bank. Borrowing bears interest at a rate of the TIIE + 5% and matures on March 23, 2010.

 

The short-term debt balances outstanding as of December 31, 2008 were originally due in January 2009. However, they have been renewed by the Company, maturing now in the months of June, July and August of 2009.

 

25. Contingencies and commitments

 

Construction guarantees

 

The Company provides a two-year warranty against construction defects to all of its customers which could be due to the Company’s own activities, to defects in the construction materials provided by third parties (electrical installations, plumbing, gas, waterproofing, etc.) or to other circumstances not within the control of the Company.

 

The Company is insured against any defect, hidden or visible, that could occur during the construction, and after the construction for a certain period of time. In addition, the contractors provide a surety against any hidden or visible defects which is refunded on the approval of customers. The contractors also provide a security fund to cover any probable claims from customers during the warranty period, which is returned to them once such period ends.

 

Insurance coverage expensed for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 amounted to Ps. 2,904, Ps. 4,371 and Ps. 4,948, respectively.

 

Contingencies

 

In July 2007, the Company entered into a Quota holders’ Agreement with Empreendimentos Imobiliarios Limitada (“E.O.M.”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to contribute 67% and E.O.M. agreed to contribute 33% of the projected 4.0 million Brazilian Reals capital stock of Homex Brasil Incorporacoes and Construcoes Imobiliarios Limitada. Following disagreements with E.O.M., the Company exercised its right to withdraw from the Quota holders’ Agreement.

 

F-42



 

In November 2008, the Company reached an agreement (“Brazilian settlement”) to end the Quota holders’ Agreement entered into with E.O.M. in July 2007, and terminate all litigation that had been taking place in the previous months. The settlement of the dispute included the purchase of the 33 % interest of members of the Khafif family in Homex Brasil, through E.O.M., for 8,352,941 Brazilian Reals, equivalent to approximate Ps. 48,536, of which 2.1 million (Ps. 11,730) has been paid as of December 31, 2008. The remaining balance will be paid in four equal payments in the months of April and October of 2009 and 2010.  The Company has treated the step acquisition of this minority interest as a transaction between entities under common control, as is appropriate under MFRS. Because E.O.M. had negligible identifiable tangible or intangible assets as of the date of the transaction, the Company has recognized the entire amount of this transaction as a settlement expense (other expense) in the statement of income for 2008 (See Note 21).

 

The Company now operates in Brazil through its 100% subsidiary.

 

26. New accounting principles (2009)

 

Throughout 2008, the following new accounting standards were issued under MFRS. The Company was required to adopt these standards on January 1, 2009. However, at the date of the financial statements the Company is still evaluating the effect of the observance of these new accounting standards will have on the Company’s consolidated results of operations and financial position.

 

MFRS B-7, Business Acquisitions

 

This MFRS substitutes MFRS B-7 Business Acquisitions, and establishes general rules for the initial recognition of net assets, non-controlling interests and other items, as of the acquisition date.

 

According to this statement, purchase and restructuring expenses resulting from acquisition process, should not be part of the consideration, because these expenses are not an amount being shared by the business acquired.

 

In addition, MFRS B-7 requires a company to recognize non-controlling interests in the acquiree at fair value as of the acquisition date.

 

MFRS B-7 is effective for future acquisitions.

 

MFRS B-8, Consolidated or Combined Financial Statements

 

This MFRS replaces MFRS B-8 Consolidated Financial Statements and describes general rules for the preparation, presentation and disclosure of consolidated and combined financial statements.

 

The main changes of this MFRS are as follows: (a) this rule defines “Specific-purpose Entity” (SPE), establishes the cases in which an entity has control over a SPE, and when a company should consolidate this type of entity; (b) addresses that potential voting rights should be analyzed when evaluating the existence of control over an entity; and, (c) set new terms for “controlling interest” instead of “majority interest,” and “non-controlling interest” instead of “minority interest.”

 

MFRS C-7, Investments in Associates and Other Permanent Investments

 

MFRS C-7 describes the accounting treatment for investments in associates and other permanent investments, which were previously treated within MFRS B-8 Consolidated Financial Statements. This MFRS requires the recognition of a Specific-Purpose Entity, through equity method. Also, this MFRS establishes that potential voting rights should be considered when analyzing the existence of significant influence.

 

In addition, this rule defines a procedure and a limit for the recognition of losses in an associate.

 

F-43



 

MFRS C-8, Intangible Assets

 

This rule substitutes MFRS C-8 Intangible Assets. The new rule defines intangible assets as non-monetary items and broadens the criteria of identification, indicating that an intangible asset must be separable; this means that such asset could be sold, transferred, or used by the entity. In addition, intangible asset arises from legal or contractual rights, whether those rights are transferable or separable from the entity.

 

On the other hand, this standard establishes that preoperative costs should be eliminated from the capitalized balance, affecting retained earnings, and without restating prior financial statements.

 

This amount should be presented as an accounting change in consolidated financial statements.

 

MFRS D-8, Share-Based Payments

 

MFRS D-8 establishes the recognition of share-based payments. When an entity purchases goods or pay services with share-based payments, the entity is required to recognize those goods or services at fair value and the corresponding increase in equity. According with MFRS D-8, if share-based payments cannot be settled with equity instruments, they have to be settled using an indirect method considering MFRS D-8 parameters.

 

IMFRS 14, Construction, Sales and Services Agreements related to Real Estate

 

In December 2008 IMFRS 14 was issued by the CINIF to complement Bulletin’s D-7 regulation, Construction Agreements and Manufacturing of Certain Capital Assets. This Interpretation is applicable to the recognition of revenues, costs and expenses for all entities that undertake the construction of capital assets directly or through sub contractors.

 

Due to the application of this Interpretation, effective January 1, 2010, the Company will stop recognizing its revenues, costs and expenses based on the percentage-of-completion method. At that date, the Company will begin to recognize them based on methods mentioned in this Interpretation. Revenue and cost recognition will then more closely approximate what is often referred to as a “completed contract method” in which revenues, costs and expenses should are recognized, when all of the following conditions are fulfilled:

 

a)              the entity has transferred the control to the homebuyer, in other words, the significant risks and benefits due to the property or the assets ownership;

b)             the entity does not keep for itself any continue participation on the actual management of the sold assets, in the usual grade associated with the property, nor does retain the effective control of the sold assets;

c)              the revenues amount can be estimated reliably;

d)             it is probable that the entity receives the economic benefits associated with the transaction; and

e)              the costs and expenses incurred or to be incurred related to the transaction can be estimated reliably.

 

This Interpretation will be adopted as of January 1, 2010, with retrospective application to prior accounting periods presented with its 2010 consolidated financial statements.  At the date of the consolidated financial statements, management is evaluating what effect this new accounting pronouncement will have on the Company’s results of operations and financial position. While differences in revenue recognition might still exist between MFRS and US GAAP upon the adoption of INIF 14, it is anticipated that the Company’s MFRS revenue recognition will more closely approximate its US GAAP revenue recognition at that time. The Company’s US GAAP revenue recognition is disclosed further in Note 28 below.

 

F-44



 

International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)

 

On November 11, 2008 the Mexican Securities Commission (Comisión Nacional Bancaria y de Valores) issued a press release in which it debriefed that this Commission will perform the necessary regulatory adaptations on which it will be established the requirements for the listed companies to prepare and reveal their financial information under IFRS beginning the year 2012. Likewise it was specified that early adoption for the years 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011 is allowed.

 

At the date of the financial statements, management is evaluating the effects of the adoption and implementation of IFRS as well as the potential adoption date.

 

27.                  Summary of differences between Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (MFRS) and US GAAP

 

The consolidated financial statements of the Company are prepared in accordance with MFRS, which vary in certain significant respects from US GAAP. A reconciliation of the reported majority net income, majority stockholders’ equity and majority comprehensive income to US GAAP is presented in Note 28a and b.

 

Effective January 1, 2008, and as a result of adopting Standard B-10, Effects of inflation, the Company ceased recognizing the effects of inflation in its financial statements and considered the restated amounts of all non-monetary items as as their carrying basis as of January 1, 2008. The Company has not reconciled inflation adjustments recorded prior to 2008, nor has it reconciled inflation adjustments still included in its non-monetary items, including depreciation.

 

The differences between MFRS and US GAAP included in the reconciliation that affect the accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Company are as follows:

 

a)                         Revenue and cost recognition

 

The Company recognizes its USGAAP revenues when all of the following events occur:

 

·  a sale is consummated;

 

·  a significant initial consideration is received (when applicable);

 

·  the earnings process is complete and the collection of any remaining receivables is reasonably assured.

 

All such conditions typically occur at the time the title passes to the homebuyer, and he has the legal right to take possession of this property.

 

In situations where we sell customers a house with incremental improvements beyond the “basic” house, we recognize amounts from the customer on a cash-basis when received, which is essentially cost recovery accounting.

 

Under MFRS, the Company uses the percentage-of-completion method of accounting to account for housing project revenues and costs related to housing construction; progress towards completion is measured in terms of comparing the actual costs incurred to the estimated total cost of a project.

 

F-45



 

Accordingly, a reconciling item for the additional revenues and additional costs recognized under the percentage-of-completion method of accounting under MFRS is included in the US GAAP reconciliation of net income and stockholders’ equity.

 

b)         Deferred income taxes

 

The Company follows SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes” for US GAAP purposes, which differs from the MFRS. Under MFRS, the effects of inflation on the deferred tax balance generated by monetary items are recognized in the result on monetary position. Under US GAAP, the deferred tax balance is classified as a non-monetary item. As a result, the consolidated statement of operations differs with respect to the presentation of the gain (loss) on monetary position and deferred income tax provision.

 

As a result of the differences related to the recognition of revenue, costs and interest capitalization as described below, the related deferred income tax presented under MFRS is different from the effect calculated in accordance with US GAAP.

 

Below is a reconciliation of deferred tax balances between MFRS and USGAAP:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Deferred income tax liability according to MFRS, net

 

Ps.

3,412,501

 

Ps.

2,841,895

 

Effect of US GAAP adjustments:

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable

 

(2,989,550

)

(1,910,950

)

Inventories

 

2,225,359

 

1,571,775

 

Other, net

 

(8,845

)

(10,382

)

Deferred income tax liability according to US GAAP, net

 

Ps.

2,639,465

 

Ps.

2,492,338

 

 

Deferred income tax balance sheet classification:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

 

 

Current

 

Non-current

 

Current

 

Non-current

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Deferred tax assets

 

Ps.

2,006,768

 

Ps.

1,027,242

 

Ps.

900,312

 

Ps.

807,689

 

Deferred tax liability

 

(5,512,244

)

(161,231

)

(4,087,037

)

(113,302

)

Net deferred tax (liability) asset

 

Ps.

(3,505,476

)

Ps.

866,011

 

Ps.

(3,186,725

)

Ps.

694,387

 

 

At December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company had Ps. 866,011 and Ps. 694,387 respectively, of net long-term deferred tax assets. These amounts include net operating loss carryforwards as disclosed in Note 23. The Company believes that it is more likely than not those amounts will ultimately be recovered. Accordingly, no valuation allowance has been provided under US GAAP for these amounts.

 

c)                          Effect of SAB No. 108

 

In September 2006, the SEC Staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108, “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements” (“SAB No. 108”), which addresses how the effects of prior year uncorrected financial statement misstatements should be considered. SAB No. 108 requires registrants to quantify misstatements using both balance sheet and income statement approaches and to evaluate whether either approach results in quantifying an error that is material in light of relative quantitative and qualitative factors. The requirements of SAB No. 108 were effective for annual financial statements covering the first fiscal year-ending after November 15, 2006.

 

Through December 31, 2005, receivables obtained from homebuyers representing downpayments were considered as revenue under US GAAP, consistent with the accounting policy under MFRS. During 2006, the Company reevaluated this accounting policy and determined that under US GAAP, a cost recovery method should have been applied not

 

F-46



 

recognizing revenue until collection. The Company believes that the impact of its prior accounting was not material to its 2005 consolidated financial statements.

 

Through December 31, 2005, the amortization of the prepaid sales commissions was based on an amortization methodology tied to MFRS revenue recognition (percentage-of-completion). For US GAAP purposes, this prepaid expense should have been amortized in a manner similar to the Company’s US GAAP revenue recognition (a completed contract method). The Company believes that the impact of its prior accounting was not material to its 2005 consolidated financial statements.

 

 

 

2006

 

SAB No. 108 prior period adjustments:

 

 

 

Unsecured homebuyers’ receivables

 

Ps.

(148,728

)

Commissions on sales

 

84,473

 

Sub-total

 

Ps.

(64,255

)

Tax effect on SAB No. 108 adjustments

 

17,993

 

Net effect of SAB No. 108 adoption

 

Ps.

(46,262

)

 

d)                          Statement of cash flows

 

Until the year ended December 31, 2007 under MFRS, the Company presented a consolidated statement of changes in financial position in accordance with Bulletin B-12, “Statement of Changes in Financial Position” (B-12), which identified the generation and application of resources by the differences between beginning and ending financial statement balances in constant Mexican pesos. B-12 also required that monetary and foreign exchange gains and losses be treated as cash items for the determination of resources generated by operations. Effective January 1, 2008, MFRS B-2, “Statement of Cash Flows” was issued to replace Bulletin B-2. This standard establishes that the statement of changes in financial position is substituted by a statement of cash flows as part of the basic financial statements. The transitory rules of MFRS B-2 establish that the application of this standard is prospective. Therefore, the financial statements for years ended prior to 2008 include a statement of changes in financial position, as previously established by Mexican accounting Bulletin B-12.

 

In accordance with US GAAP the Company follows the requirements of SFAS No. 95, “Statement of Cash Flows”, excluding the effects of inflation. Refer to the Company’s condensed USGAAP statement of cash flow below.

 

e)                          Classification differences

 

Under MFRS, advances for the purchase of land and construction materials are recorded as part of the cost of real estate inventories. Under US GAAP, such advances are classified as prepaid expenses.

 

Under MFRS, deferred taxes are classified as non-current. US GAAP requires a current or non-current classification based on the classification of the related asset or liability.

 

Under MFRS, the commissions paid by the Company to INFONAVIT and Registro Unico de Vivienda (RUV), when obtaining approval of individual financing for its clients, which facilitate home sales and cash inflows recovery are consider part of the financing costs; US GAAP requires that such amounts be recorded as operating costs.

 

Under MFRS, amounts due under the Company’s factoring agreements are included in trade accounts payable; US GAAP requires that such amounts be recorded as a borrowing from the financial intermediary.

 

Under MFRS, interest expense from the factoring program sponsored by Nafinsa is included in the net comprehensive financing cost; US GAAP requires that such amounts be recorded as part of the operating expenses.

 

F-47



 

Through 2006, employee profit-sharing was presented after pre-tax income. In 2007, profit- sharing costs were considered as other expense and not a tax. These  provisions  were  applied retroactively; therefore,  and  according to the Interpretation of MFRS 4, Presentation of employee  profit-sharing in the statement of income, the amounts related to this  category  have  been  reclassified in other income, net (not deducted from  operating income). The reclassified balances for the years 2008, 2007 and 2006 were Ps. 70,768, Ps. 30,684 and Ps. 36,728, respectively. For USGAAP purposes, employee statutory profit-sharing is classified as an operating expense.

 

Under MFRS, Ps. 48,536 and Ps. 99,808 of other expenses were reclassified to operating expenses for US GAAP purposes in 2008 and 2007, respectively; there were no additional reclassifications for 2006.

 

f)                                Backlog

 

The amount of backlog recorded in purchase accounting under US GAAP differs from the amount reported under MFRS.  Under MFRS, sales are recognized using the percentage-of-completion method. Accordingly, a greater portion of the housing costs for houses in construction has already been recognized in the cost of operations; however, under US GAAP, sales are not recognized until collection has been assured, therefore the portion of the housing costs that is included in the statement of operations under MFRS has not yet been recognized under US GAAP and is considered backlog, thereby resulting in a greater backlog under US GAAP. This backlog is considered inventory under US GAAP.

 

g)                             Inventory

 

Inventories under US GAAP are stated at cost, based on the average cost method. Inventories for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 are as follows:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Land:

 

 

 

 

 

Titled land

 

Ps.

7,742,436

 

Ps.

5,160,074

 

Contracted land

 

4,939,990

 

4,782,862

 

 

 

12,682,426

 

9,942,936

 

Land held for future developments

 

(9,254,469

)

(7,091,074

)

Total land

 

3,427,957

 

2,851,862

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other inventories:

 

 

 

 

 

Construction-in-process

 

8,612,476

 

6,072,906

 

Construction materials

 

638,488

 

629,869

 

Total other inventories

 

9,250,964

 

6,702,775

 

Total inventories

 

Ps.

12,678,921

 

Ps.

9,554,637

 

 

h)                             Goodwill

 

The amount of goodwill under US GAAP is greater than that reported under MFRS, due to the difference in the revenue recognition methods between MFRS and US GAAP. Under MFRS, accounts receivable is greater than under US GAAP. However, under MFRS, inventories are lower than under US GAAP. Accordingly, profit recognized under MFRS that has not yet been recognized for US GAAP purposes is included within goodwill under US GAAP, resulting in a higher goodwill for US GAAP purposes.

 

Goodwill is not amortized; however, it is subject to annual impairment tests as required by SFAS 142, and is adjusted for any impairment losses. Goodwill is allocated to the affordable entry-level segment.

 

i)                                Labor obligations

 

The Company has recorded liabilities for the seniority premium and termination indemnity (severance) liabilities for its Mexican subsidiaries with employees (Administradora Picsa, Desarrolladora de Casas del Noroeste and Altos Mandos

 

F-48



 

de Negocios). For its MFRS consolidated financial statements, the Company applies MFRS D-3. Significant assumptions (weighted-average rates) used in determining net periodic pension cost and the Company’s related plan obligations for 2008 and 2007 are described in Note 13.

 

Severance indemnities: Under MFRS, effective 2005 revised Bulletin D-3 requires the recognition of a severance indemnity liability calculated based on actuarial valuations. Similar recognition criteria under US GAAP are established in SFAS No. 112, “Employers’ Accounting for Post-employment Benefits”, which requires that a liability for certain termination benefits provided under an ongoing benefit arrangement such as these statutorily mandated severance indemnities be recognized when the likelihood of future settlement is probable and the liability can be reasonably estimated. MFRS allows for the Company to amortize the transition obligation related to the adoption of revised Bulletin D-3 over the expected service life of the employees, but beginning January 1, 2008 the transition obligation must be amortized at most in five years. However, US GAAP required the Company to recognize such effect upon initial adoption under SFAS No. 87, which results in an immaterial difference in the amount recorded under the two accounting principles.

 

Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 158, there was no difference in the liabilities recorded for pension plans and seniority premiums between MFRS and US GAAP.

 

 

 

2008
Total

 

2007
Total

 

Unrecognized items:

 

 

 

 

 

Transition obligation

 

Ps.

11,251

 

Ps.

12,889

 

Prior service cost

 

10,691

 

11,860

 

Net actuarial loss

 

(5,603

)

19,609

 

Unrecognized ítems

 

Ps.

16,339

 

Ps.

44,358

 

 

As disclosed in Note 13, during 2007, the Company amended its plan resulting in the admission of additional employee participants who have received credit for prior service costs.

 

For purposes of determining the cost of our pension plans, seniority premiums and severance indemnities under US GAAP, the Company applies SFAS No. 87, as amended by SFAS No. 158, and SFAS No. 112. The Company uses a December 31 measurement date for its seniority premiums and severance indemnities.

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Change in benefit obligations:

 

 

 

 

 

Benefit obligation at beginning of year

 

Ps.

116,177

 

Ps.

58,154

 

Net periodic cost

 

105,290

 

35,127

 

Benefits paid

 

(76,148

)

 

Other comprehensive income

 

(28,570

)

22,896

 

Unfunded status

 

Ps.

116,749

 

Ps.

116,177

 

 

Net periodic costs for 2008, 2007 and 2006 are summarized below:

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Integration of Net Periodic Costs:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Labor cost

 

Ps.

15,750

 

Ps.

10,033

 

Ps.

15,257

 

Financial cost

 

9,393

 

5,378

 

2,862

 

Transition liability

 

1,639

 

13,473

 

2,965

 

Actuarial losses

 

78,508

 

6,243

 

1,402

 

Inflation adjustment

 

 

 

561

 

Net periodic costs

 

Ps.

105,290

 

Ps.

35,127

 

Ps.

23,047

 

 

F-49



 

j)                                Disclosure about fair value of financial instruments

 

In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Statement No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“FAS 157”).  FAS 157 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value.  The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements).  The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under FAS 157 are described below:

 

Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;

 

Level 2 - Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability;

 

Level 3 - Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (supported by little or no market activity).

 

In February 2007, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“FAS 159”).  FAS 159 permits entities to choose to measure eligible financial instruments and other items at fair value.  The provisions of FAS 159 were adopted January 1, 2008.  The Company did not elect the Fair Value Option for any of its financial assets or liabilities, and therefore, the adoption of FAS 159 had no impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

 

Under Statements of Financial Accounting Standards No. 107, Disclosures about Failr Value of Financial Instruments (SFAS 107), when possible we use quoted prices to determine fair value. Where quoted prices are not available, the fair value is internally derived based upon appropriate valuation methodologies with respect to the amount and timing of future cash flows and estimated discount rates. However, considerable judgment is required in interpreting market data to develop estimates of fair value, so the estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized or wouold be paid in a current market exchange. The effect of using different market assumptions or estimation methodologies could be material to the estimated fair values. Fair value presented herein is based on information available at December 31, 2008 and 2007. Although management is not aware of any factors that would be significantly affect the fair value amounts, such amounts have not been updated since those dates; therefore the current estimates of fair value at dates after December 31, 2008 and 2007, could differ significantly from these amounts.

 

The fair value of total debt, excluding capital leases and interest payables, is estimated for variable rate debt whereby changes in interest rates generally do not impact the fair value of the debt instrument, and quoted market prices are used for senior guaranteed notes at December 31, 2008 and 2007. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the carrying value of total debt is Ps. 7,332,999 and Ps. 3,283,997, respectively. The fair value is Ps. 5,625,724 at December 31, 2008 and Ps. 3,408,134 at December 31, 2007.

 

On July 5, 2008 the Company cancelled its Principal-Only Swap by paying Ps. 54,434 (US$ 5.3 million). No gain or loss was recorded upon cancelation of the Principal-Only Swap agreement as it was already recorded at fair value. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the fair value of the Principal-Only Swap was Ps. - and Ps.79,098 (US$7.2 million), respectively, which represents the estimated present value of future cash flows to be paid by the Company.

 

On July 6, 2008 the Company entered into new derivative instruments in order to cover the possible changes in the exchange rate of future interest payments of the Senior Guaranteed Notes for US$250 million (“Interest-Only Swap”). This new transaction also does not meet hedge accounting requirements, and thus changes in the fair value of the underlying derivative have been and will be recorded in the Company’s current earnings as a component of comprehensive financing cost within the exchange (gain) losses account. As of December 31, 2008 the fair value of this derivative was a favorable asset position of Ps. 65,975 (US$4.8 million) (see Note 9). The Company’s estimate of the derivative’s fair value was made using Level 2 evidence as per the FAS 157 hierarchy discussed above.

 

F-50



 

k)                            Prepaid sales commissions

 

The amortization of the prepaid sales commission expense asset is based on an amortization methodology tied to FRS revenue recognition (percentage-of-completion). For US GAAP purposes this prepaid expense is amortized linked to the revenue recognition method applied under US GAAP (a completed contract method).

 

l)                                Capitalization of net comprehensive financing cost

 

Under MFRS, the capitalization of net comprehensive financing cost (interest, foreign exchange gains and losses and monetary position gains and losses) incurred to finance investment projects is obligatory as of the fiscal year 2007. The Company capitalizes the integral cost of financing for MFRS reporting from the year 2007.

 

In accordance with US GAAP, if interest is incurred during the construction of qualifying assets, capitalization is required as part of the cost of such assets. The Company applies the weighted-average interest rate on all outstanding debt to the balance of construction-in-progress additions during the period. Accordingly, a reconciling item for the capitalization of interest is included in the US GAAP reconciliation of net income and stockholders’ equity, and the effect of interest capitalized to the cost of inventories is included within operating income for US GAAP purposes.

 

m)           Commitments and contingencies

 

The Company holds insurance that covers defects, hidden or visible, during construction and which also covers the warranty period provided by the Company to home buyers. As mentioned in Note 25 to the financial statements, we provide a two year warranty to all of our customers. This warranty could apply to damages derived either from our operations or from defects in materials supplied by third parties (such as electrical installations, plumbing, gas, waterproofing, etc.) or other circumstances outside our control.

 

For manufacturing defects, we do not recognize a warranty accrual in our consolidated financial statements since we obtain a security bond from our contractors to cover the claims related to their work. We withhold a guarantee deposit from them, which is reimbursed to our contractors once the warranty for manufacturing defects period expires. We believe that at December 31, 2008 we had no unrecorded losses with respect to these warranties.

 

F-51



 

28.       Reconciliation of MFRS net income and equity to US GAAP net income and equity and the presentation of condensed financial statements in accordance with US GAAP.

 

a.                             Reconciliation of Majority Net Income for the Year

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Majority net income according to MFRS

 

Ps.

1,580,876

 

Ps.

2,233,066

 

Ps.

1,391,281

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

US GAAP adjustments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reversal of revenue recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting (Note 27a)

 

(3,957,078

)

(2,366,873

)

(220,766

)

Reversal of cost recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting (Note 27a)

 

2,617,373

 

1,608,498

 

150,121

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Amortization of backlog (Notes 27f)

 

 

(16,747

)

(47,682

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Labor obligations (Note 27i)

 

11,109

 

(17,416

)

(6,408

)

Capitalization of interest (Note 27l)

 

(203,914

)

(261,734

)

198,772

 

Deferral of unsecured homebuyers’ receivables

 

(8,705

)

3,451

 

82,366

 

Deferral of future involvement

 

3,529

 

2,119

 

(7,574

)

Prepaid sales commissions (Note 27k)

 

71,449

 

36,825

 

2,490

 

Other items

 

29,667

 

 

 

Effects of inflation on US GAAP adjustments

 

 

203,634

 

171,736

 

Total US GAAP adjustments before tax effects

 

(1,436,570

)

(808,243

)

323,055

 

Tax effects on US GAAP adjustments

 

423,476

 

242,411

 

81,759

 

Total US GAAP adjustments

 

(1,013,094

)

(565,832

)

241,296

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income according to US GAAP

 

Ps.

567,782

 

Ps.

1,667,234

 

Ps.

1,632,577

 

 

F-52



 

b.            Reconciliation of Majority Stockholders’ Equity

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Majority stockholders’ equity according to MFRS

 

Ps.

11,270,914

 

Ps.

9,632,918

 

Ps.

7,503,771

 

US GAAP adjustments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reversal of revenue recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting (Note 27a)

 

(10,837,314

)

(6,880,237

)

(4,789,556

)

Reversal of cost recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting (Note 27a)

 

7,937,971

 

5,320,597

 

3,754,735

 

Backlog (Note 27f)

 

(237,001

)

(237,001

)

(211,674

)

Labor obligations (Note 27i)

 

(31,589

)

(67,175

)

(28,703

)

Prepaid sales commissions (Note 27k)

 

195,229

 

123,782

 

86,957

 

Deferral of unsecured homebuyers’ receivables of the year

 

(71,616

)

(62,911

)

(66,362

)

Deferral of future involvement

 

(1,926

)

(5,455

)

(7,574

)

Acquisition of minority interest

 

79,437

 

79,437

 

79,437

 

Capitalization of interest (Note 27l)

 

14,593

 

218,506

 

480,240

 

Goodwill, net (Note 27h)

 

86,754

 

86,754

 

86,754

 

Total US GAAP adjustments before tax effects

 

(2,865,462

)

(1,423,703

)

(615,746

)

Tax effects on US GAAP adjustments

 

841,766

 

418,289

 

194,964

 

Total US GAAP adjustments

 

(2,023,696

)

(1,005,414

)

(420,782

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity according to US GAAP

 

Ps.

9,247,218

 

Ps.

8,627,504

 

Ps.

7,082,989

 

 

c.                             Reconciliation of Majority Comprehensive Income

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Majority net income according to MFRS

 

Ps.

1,580,876

 

Ps.

2,233,066

 

Ps.

1,391,281

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Comprehensive income adjustments

 

23,362

 

(481

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Labor obligations

 

28,570

 

(22,896

)

13,941

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net US GAAP adjustments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

(1,013,094

)

(565,832

)

241,296

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Comprehensive income according to US GAAP

 

Ps.

619,714

 

Ps.

1,643,857

 

Ps.

1,646,518

 

 

F-53



 

d.                            Condensed balance sheets according to US GAAP

 

 

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current assets

 

 

 

Ps.

18,052,424

 

Ps.

14,488,606

 

Land for development

 

 

 

9,254,469

 

7,091,074

 

Property and equipment

 

 

 

1,402,928

 

1,155,729

 

Goodwill

 

 

 

650,344

 

650,344

 

Other assets

 

 

 

1,414,114

 

1,193,614

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total assets

 

 

 

Ps.

30,774,279

 

Ps.

24,579,367

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities

 

 

 

Ps.

14,274,161

 

Ps.

11,054,629

 

Long-term liabilities

 

 

 

7,006,557

 

4,689,022

 

Minority interest

 

 

 

246,343

 

208,212

 

Majority stockholders’ equity

 

 

 

9,247,218

 

8,627,504

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

 

 

Ps.

30,774,279

 

Ps.

24,579,367

 

 

e.                             Condensed statements of operations according to US GAAP

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Revenues

 

Ps.

14,884,701

 

Ps.

13,849,728

 

Ps.

13,224,145

 

Costs

 

10,398,464

 

9,814,725

 

9,311,415

 

Gross profit

 

4,486,237

 

4,035,003

 

3,912,730

 

Operating income

 

2,108,793

 

2,116,650

 

2,519,346

 

Income before income taxes

 

894,612

 

2,504,715

 

2,432,458

 

Income taxes

 

288,699

 

708,869

 

751,603

 

Minority interest

 

38,131

 

128,612

 

48,278

 

Net income according to US GAAP

 

Ps.

567,782

 

Ps.

1,667,234

 

Ps.

1,632,577

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average shares outstanding (in thousands)

 

334,870

 

335,688

 

335,869

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Earnings per share according to US GAAP (basic and diluted)

 

Ps.

1.70

 

Ps.

4.96

 

Ps.

4.86

 

 

F-54



 

f.                              Reconciliation of changes in stockholders’ equity according to US GAAP

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Stockholders’ equity at beginning of year

 

Ps.

8,627,504

 

Ps.

7,082,989

 

Ps.

5,509,272

 

Adoption of SFAS 158

 

 

 

(26,539

)

Cumulative effect of SAB No. 108 adoption

 

 

 

(46,262

)

Net income according to US GAAP

 

567,782

 

1,667,234

 

1,632,577

 

Labor obligations

 

28,570

 

(22,896

)

13,941

 

Shares repurchased for employee stock option plan

 

 

(99,342

)

 

Comprehensive income adjustment

 

23,362

 

(481

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity at end of year

 

Ps.

9,247,218

 

Ps.

8,627,504

 

Ps.

7,082,989

 

 

g.                            Condensed statements of cash flows according to US GAAP

 

Under MFRS, statements of changes in financial position identify the sources and uses of resources based on the differences between beginning and ending consolidated financial statement balances in constant pesos. Monetary position results and unrealized foreign exchange results are treated as cash items in the determination of resources provided by operations. Under US GAAP (SFAS 95), statements of cash flows present only cash items and exclude non-cash items. SFAS 95 does not provide guidance with respect to inflation-adjusted financial statements. The differences between MFRS and US GAAP in the amounts reported are mainly due to: (i) the treatment of restrictive cash balances, (ii) elimination of inflationary effects of monetary assets and liabilities from financing and investing activities against the corresponding monetary position result in operating activities, and (iii) the recognition in operating, financing and investing activities of the US GAAP adjustments, and the presentation of short-term debt activity with financing activities.

 

The following cash flow statements were prepared in accordance with SFAS 95 provided by operating, financing and investing activities, giving effect to the US GAAP adjustments, excluding the effect of inflation required by Bulletin B-10. The following information is presented in thousands of historical pesos and is not presented in pesos of constant purchasing power:

 

F-55



 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adjusted consolidated net income (1)

 

Ps.

567,782

 

Ps.

1,667,234

 

Ps.

1,607,362

 

Non-cash items:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation

 

323,727

 

175,717

 

112,404

 

Deferred income tax and statutory profit-sharing

 

150,191

 

575,996

 

586,260

 

Amortization

 

91,054

 

106,566

 

156,335

 

Exchange loss

 

715,500

 

20,000

 

53,250

 

Change in valuation effects of derivative instruments

 

313,962

 

(139,749

)

100,594

 

Changes in operating assets and liabitilies

 

(5,965,595

)

(1,823,793

)

(1,282,408

)

Recoverable tax, net

 

 

 

(5,725

)

Net cash flows (used in) provided by operating activities

 

(3,803,379

)

581,971

 

1,328,072

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investments in:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Property and equipment

 

(575,379

)

(680,748

)

(291,437

)

Restricted cash

 

28,045

 

(119,855

)

(35,924

)

Net cash flows used in investing activities

 

(547,334

)

(800,603

)

(327,361

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Debt issuance costs, net

 

 

 

(12,523

)

Short-term borrowings, net

 

1,143,732

 

 

 

Proceeds from long-term borrowings

 

2,377,795

 

2,647,276

 

1,537,908

 

Repayments of long-term borrowings

 

(237,508

)

(2,408,739

)

(1,549,468

)

Shares repurchased for employee stock option plan

 

 

(99,342

)

 

Dividends paid by subsidiary

 

 

(9,133

)

 

Net cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities

 

3,284,019

 

130,062

)

(24,083

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

 

(1,066,694

)

(88,570

)

976,628

 

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year

 

2,206,834

 

2,295,404

 

1,318,776

 

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year

 

Ps.

1,140,140

 

Ps.

2,206,834

 

Ps.

2,295,404

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Supplemental cash flow information:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest paid

 

Ps.

665,807

 

Ps.

399,943

 

Ps.

428,489

 

Income tax and tax on assets paid

 

Ps.

123,351

 

Ps.

132,873

 

Ps.

17,473

 

Non-cash financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Capital lease obligation incurred

 

Ps.

97,131

 

Ps.

350,331

 

Ps.

8,704

 

 


(1)  Net income under US GAAP was Ps. 1,632,577 during 2006, after giving effect to inflationary adjustments recorded in preparing the Company’s 2008 consolidated financial statements. The Company has excluded the effects of inflation from the presentation of its 2006 statements of cash flows above, and accordingly net income numbers as presented above differ from those reported elsewhere in these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-56



 

h.           Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity according to US GAAP

 

 

 

Common
stock

 

Additional
paid-
in
capital

 

Shares
repurchased
for employee
stock option
plan

 

Retained
earnings

 

Other
comprehensive
income

 

Majority
stockholders’
equity

 

Comprehensive
income
of the
year

 

Balances as of Januart 1, 2006

 

Ps.

528,011

 

Ps.

3,280,222

 

 

 

Ps.

1,709,903

 

Ps.

(8,864

)

Ps.

5,509,272

 

Ps.

 832,928

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adoption of SFAS 158

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(26,539

)

(26,539

)

 

 

Cumulative effect of SAB No. 108 adoption

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(46,262

)

 

 

(46,262

)

 

 

Labor obligations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

13,941

 

13,941

 

Ps.

 13,941

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

1,632,577

 

 

 

1,632,577

 

1,632,577

 

Balances as of December 31, 2006

 

528,011

 

3,280,222

 

 

 

3,296,218

 

(21,462

)

7,082,989

 

1,646,518

 

Shares repurchased for employee stock option plan

 

 

 

 

 

Ps.

(99,342

)

 

 

 

 

(99,342

)

 

 

Comprehensive income adjustment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(481

)

(481

)

(481

)

Labor obligations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(22,896

)

(22,896

)

(22,896

)

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,667,234

 

 

 

1,667,234

 

1,667,234

 

Balances as of December 31, 2007

 

528,011

 

3,280,222

 

(99,342

)

4,963,452

 

(44,839

)

8,627,504

 

1,643,857

 

Comprehensive income adjustment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

23,362

 

23,362

 

23,362

 

Labor obligations

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

28,570

 

28,570

 

28,570

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

567,782

 

 

 

567,782

 

567,782

 

Balances as of December 31, 2008

 

Ps.

528,011

 

Ps.

3,280,222

 

Ps.

(99,342

)

Ps.

5,531,234

 

Ps.

7,093

 

Ps.

9,247,218

 

Ps.

619,714

 

 

F-57



 

29.                               Additional US GAAP disclosure information

 

a) Accounting for uncertainty in income taxes:

 

The Company adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48,”Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (FIN48) as of January 1, 2007. The adoption of FIN 48 did not have an impact on the Company’s financial statements and did not result in a cumulative adjustment to retained earnings at adoption,

 

We establish reserves to remove some or all of the tax benefit of any of our tax positions at the time we determine that it becomes uncertain based upon one of the following conditions: (1) the tax position is not “more likely than not” to be sustained, (2) the tax position is “more likely than not” to be sustained, but for a lesser amount, or (3) the tax position is “more likely than not” to be sustained, but not in the financial period in which the tax position was originally taken.

 

For purposes of evaluating whether or not a tax position is uncertain, (1) we presume the tax position will be examined by the relevant taxing authority that has full knowledge of all relevant information, (2) the technical merits of a tax position are derived from authorities such as legislation and statutes, legislative intent, regulations, rulings and case law and their applicability to the facts and circumstances of the tax position, and (3) each tax position is evaluated without consideration of the possibility of offset or aggregation with other tax positions taken.

 

A number of years may elapse before a particular uncertain tax position is audited and finally resolved or when a tax assessment is raised. The number of years subject to tax assessments varies depending on the tax jurisdiction and is generally five years for the countries in which the Company principally operates. The tax benefit that has been previously reserved because of a failure to meet the “more likely than not” recognition threshold would be recognized in our income tax expense in the first period when the uncertainty disappears under any one of the following conditions: (1) the tax position is “more likely than not” to be sustained, (2) the tax position, amount, and/or timing is ultimately settled through negotiation or litigation, or (3) the statute of limitations for the relevant taxing authority to examine and challenge the tax position has expired.

 

b) Recent accounting pronouncements

 

FAS 160

 

In December 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interest in Consolidated Financial Statements — an amendment of ARB No. 51” (FAS 160). FAS 160 requires noncontrolling interests held by parties other than the parent in subsidiaries to be clearly identified, labeled, and presented in the consolidated statements of financial position within equity, but separate from the parent’s equity. FAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. At December 31, 2008, the Company had Ps. 246,343 of noncontrolling interest under MFRS that has been treated as a difference between MFRS and US GAAP.

 

FAS 141 (R)

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations” (FAS 141 (R)). FAS 141 (R) is a revision of FAS 141 and requires that costs incurred to effect the acquisition (i.e., acquisition-related cost) be recognized separately from the acquisition. In addition, in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141, “Business combinations” (FAS 141), restructuring costs that the acquirer expected but was not obligated to incur, which included changes to benefit plans, were recognized as if they were a liability assumed at the acquisition date. FAS 141 (R) requires the acquirer to recognized those costs separately from the business combination. FAS 141 (R) is effective for the Company in 2009, and its impact will vary with each acquisition.

 

FAS 161

 

In March 2008, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133” (FAS 161). FAS 161 requires enhanced disclosures about an entity’s derivatives and hedging activities to improve the transparency of financial

 

F-58



 

reporting. It is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. FAS 161 is expected to increase annual disclosures but will not have an impact on the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

 

FAS 162

 

In May 2008, the FASB issued Statement No. 162, The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (FAS 162), which identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in the United States.  This statement is effective 60 days following the SEC’s approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board amendments to AU Section 411, “The Meaning of Present Fairly in Conformity With Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.” This statement is not expected to result in a change in current practice.

 

FSP FAS 142-3

 

In April 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position FAS 142-3, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets” (FSP FAS 142-3). FSP FAS 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under FASB Statement No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”. FSP FAS 142-3 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that FSP FAS 142-3 will have in its accounting for intangible assets.

 

FSP 157-3

 

In October 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position 157-3, “Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Assets When the Market of that Asset is not Active” (FSP 157-3). FSP 157-3 provides an example that clarifies and reiterates certain provisions of the existing fair value standard, including basing fair value on orderly transactions and usage of management and broker inputs. FSP 157-3 is effective immediately but is not expected to have a material impact on financial position or results of operations of the Company.

 

EITF 08-6

 

In November 2008, the Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) reached a consensus on EITF 08-6, “Equity Method Investment Accounting Considerations”. EITF 08-6 provides guidance on the application of the equity method. It states equity-method investments should be recognized using a cost accumulation model. Also, it requires that equity method investments as a whole be assessed for other-than-temporary impairment in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 18. EITF 08-6 is effective on a prospective basis for transactions in an investee’s shares occurring or impairments recognized in fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Currently, the Company’s equity method investments do not represent a significant component of its operations. Accordingly, it does not anticipate that the adoption of this EITF will have a significant impact on its financial statements.

 

F-59



 

EITF 08-7

 

In November 2008, the EITF reached a consensus on EITF 08-7 “Accounting for Defensive Intangible Assets”. EITF 08-7 provides that intangible assets that an acquirer intends to use as defensive assets, intangible assets acquired in a business combination or an asset acquisition that an entity does not intend to actively use but does intend to prevent others from using, are a separate unit of account from the existing intangible assets of the acquirer. It also states that a defensive intangible asset should be amortized over the period that fair value of the defensive intangible asset diminishes. EITF 08-7 is effective on a prospective basis for transactions occurring in fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. This EITF will not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

 

FSP FAS 132(R)-1

 

In December 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position FAS 132(R)-1, “Employers´ Disclosures about Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets” (FSP FAS 132(R)-1). FSP FAS 132(R)-1 amends FASB Statement No.132(R), “Employers´ Disclosures about Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefit” (FAS132(R)). This FASB Staff Position replaces the requirement to disclose the percentage of fair value of total plan assets with a requirement to disclose the fair value of each major asset category. It also amends FASB Statement 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (FAS 157), to clarify that defined benefits pension or other postretirement plan assets not subject to FAS 157´s disclosure requirements. FSO FAS 132(R)-1 is effective for fiscal years ending after December 2009. This FSP will increase the amount of disclosures for plan assets in the Company’s 2009 audited financial statements.

 

FAS 166

 

FASB Statement No. 166 “Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets - an amendment of FASB Statement No. 140” (“FAS 166”) provides for removal of the concept of a qualifying special-purpose entity from FAS 140 and removes the exception from applying FIN 46R, to qualifying special-purpose entities. It also clarifies that one objective of FAS 140 is to determine whether a transferor and all of the entities included in the transferor’s financial statements being presented have surrendered control over transferred financial assets. FAS 166 modifies the financial-components approach used in FAS 140 and limits the circumstances in which a financial asset, or portion of a financial asset, should be derecognized when the transferor has not transferred the entire original financial asset to an entity that is not consolidated with the transferor in the financial statements being presented and/or when the transferor has continuing involvement with the transferred financial asset. FAS 166 also defines the term participating interest to establish specific conditions for reporting a transfer of a portion of a financial asset as a sale. FAS 166 requires that a transferor recognize and initially measure at fair value all assets obtained (including a transferor’s beneficial interest) and liabilities incurred as a result of a transfer of financial assets accounted for as a sale. Enhanced disclosures are also required by FAS 166. FAS 166 must be applied as of the beginning of each reporting entity’s first annual reporting period that begins after November 15, 2009. This statement must be applied to transfers occurring on or after the effective date. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.

 

FAS 167

 

The FASB’s objective in issuing FAS 167 “Amendments to FIN 46R” is to improve financial reporting by enterprises involved with variable interest entities. The Board undertook this project to address (1) the effects on certain provisions of FIN 46R, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, as a result of the elimination of the qualifying special-purpose entity concept in FAS 166, and (2) constituent concerns about the application of certain key provisions of FIN 46R, including those in which the accounting and disclosures under FIN 46R do not always provide timely and useful information about an enterprise’s involvement in a variable interest. This Statement retains the scope of FIN 46R with the addition of entities previously considered qualifying special-purpose entities, as the concept of these entities was eliminated in FAS 166. FAS 167 shall be effective as of the beginning of each reporting entity’s first annual reporting period that begins after November 15, 2009. Earlier application is prohibited. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard will have on its consolidated financial statements.

 

F-60



 

c) Consolidation policies for US GAAP purposes

 

Under MFRS and US GAAP, the Company consolidates the two 50%-owned subsidiaries disclosed in Note 2 (b) above.  The Company consolidates these entities as it is the primary beneficiary of the entities. The Company believes it controls the entities, taking all important decisions that impact the subsidiaries’ financial position and operations. The assets and revenues of these subsidiaries accounted for less than 1% of assets and revenues during all periods presented.

 

30.          Valuation and qualifying accounts for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006

 

Description

 

Beginning
balance
accrual

 

Additions
charged to
income

 

Writte-off

 

Ending
balance
accrual

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Allowance for doubtful accounts

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2008

 

Ps.

 89,318

 

Ps.

 29,173

 

Ps.

(70,307

)

Ps.

48,184

 

2007

 

73,554

 

115,572

 

(99,808

)

89,318

 

2006

 

27,899

 

45,655

 

 

 

73,554

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Allowance for doubtful accounts sundry debtors included within current assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2008

 

Ps.

 

Ps.

29,098

 

Ps.

23,455

 

Ps.

5,643

 

 

31.          Supplemental guarantor information

 

Supplemental guarantor information

 

The Senior Guaranteed Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed, on an unsecured senior, joint and several basis, by each of the Company’s significant subsidiaries. Each of the guarantor subsidiaries (Proyectos Inmobiliarios de Culiacán, S. A. de C. V., Desarrollodora de Casas del Noroeste, S. A. de C. V., Casas Beta del Centro, S. de R.L. de C.V., Casas Beta del Norte, S. de R.L. de C.V.,  Casas Beta del Noroeste, S. de R.L. de C.V., Edificaciones Beta, S. de R.L. de C.V., Edificaciones Beta del Norte, S. de R. L. de C.V. and Edificaciones Beta del Noroeste, S. de R.L. de C.V.) is a wholly-owned subsidiary. The following condensed combining financial information includes the guarantor subsidiaries, non-guarantor-subsidiaries and the parent company.

 

Investments in subsidiaries are accounted for by the parent company under the equity method for purpose of the supplemental combining presentation. Earnings of subsidiaries are therefore reflected in the parent company’s investment account and earnings. The principal elimination entries eliminate the parent company’s investment in subsidiaries and intercompany balances and transactions.

 

F-61



 

Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries

Supplemental Condensed Combining Financial Information

Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2008

(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))

 

 

 

Parent
company

 

Wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Parent
company and
wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Non-
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Consolidated

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Currents assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

Ps.

435

 

Ps.

 1,009,895

 

Ps.

 —

 

Ps.

 1,010,330

 

Ps.

129,810

 

Ps.

 

 

Ps.

1,140,140

 

Restricted cash

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

128,045

 

 

 

128,045

 

Trade accounts receivable, net

 

 

 

10,295,586

 

 

 

10,295,586

 

1,549,944

 

 

 

11,845,530

 

Accounts receivable from affiliates

 

4,809,186

 

10,427,108

 

(14,631,078

)

605,216

 

2,313,820

 

(2,919,036

)

 

 

Inventories

 

6,374

 

4,984,524

 

 

 

4,990,898

 

115,934

 

 

 

5,106,832

 

Other current assets, net

 

(91,819

)

340,129

 

(1,200

)

247,110

 

177,084

 

3,044

 

427,238

 

Total current assets

 

4,724,176

 

27,057,242

 

(14,632,278

)

17,149,140

 

4,414,637

 

(2,915,992

)

18,647,785

 

Land held for future development

 

 

 

9,254,469

 

 

 

9,254,469

 

 

 

 

 

9,254,469

 

Property and equipment, net

 

 

 

967,175

 

 

 

967,175

 

435,753

 

 

 

1,402,928

 

Investment in shares

 

11,655,349

 

356,495

 

(11,105,966

)

905,878

 

42,380

 

(948,258

)

 

 

Other assets, net

 

275,949

 

48,748

 

 

 

324,697

 

146,716

 

(3,044

)

468,369

 

Goodwill

 

731,861

 

 

 

 

 

731,861

 

 

 

 

 

731,861

 

Total

 

Ps.

17,387,335

 

Ps.

37,684,129

 

Ps.

(25,738,244

)

Ps.

 29,333,220

 

Ps.

 5,039,486

 

Ps.

(3,867,294

)

Ps.

30,505,412

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current and current portion of long-term debt

 

Ps.

670,858

 

Ps.

735,275

 

Ps.

 

 

Ps.

1,406,133

 

Ps.

11,271

 

Ps.

 

 

Ps.

1,417,404

 

Current portion of leases

 

 

 

89,255

 

 

 

89,255

 

 

 

 

 

89,255

 

Trade accounts payable

 

140,999

 

3,596,771

 

 

 

3,737,770

 

268,083

 

 

 

4,005,853

 

Land suppliers

 

 

 

2,259,827

 

 

 

2,259,827

 

66,209

 

 

 

2,326,036

 

Advances from customers

 

 

 

139,440

 

 

 

139,440

 

226,522

 

 

 

365,962

 

Taxes other than income taxes

 

19,591

 

211,517

 

 

 

231,108

 

126,713

 

 

 

357,821

 

Due to related parties

 

120,575

 

14,510,545

 

(14,631,120

)

 

 

2,919,036

 

(2,919,036

)

 

 

Income taxes

 

7,589

 

104,991

 

(1,160

)

111,420

 

17,721

 

 

 

129,141

 

Employee profit-sharing

 

 

 

69,432

 

 

 

69,432

 

1,013

 

 

 

70,445

 

Total current liabilities

 

959,612

 

21,717,053

 

(14,632,280

)

8,044,385

 

3,636,568

 

(2,919,036

)

8,761,917

 

Long-term debt

 

5,521,449

 

468,670

 

 

 

5,990,119

 

 

 

 

 

5,990,119

 

Long-term leases

 

 

 

314,639

 

 

 

314,639

 

 

 

 

 

314,639

 

Financial instruments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

18,403

 

 

 

18,403

 

Long-term land suppliers

 

 

 

405,426

 

 

 

405,426

 

 

 

 

 

405,426

 

Employee benefit obligations

 

 

 

44,187

 

 

 

44,187

 

40,963

 

 

 

85,150

 

Deferred income taxes

 

(49,432

)

3,375,283

 

 

 

3,325,851

 

86,650

 

 

 

3,412,501

 

Total liabilities

 

6,431,629

 

26,325,858

 

(14,632,280

)

18,124,607

 

3,782,584

 

(2,919,036

)

18,988,155

 

Stockholders’ equity:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock

 

528,011

 

2,683,789

 

(2,683,789

)

528,011

 

704,018

 

(704,018

)

528,011

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

3,280,223

 

 

 

 

 

3,280,223

 

 

 

 

 

3,280,223

 

Shares repurchased for employee stock option plan

 

(99,342

)

 

 

 

 

(99,342

)

 

 

 

 

(99,342

)

Retained earnings

 

7,246,814

 

8,636,842

 

(8,422,175

)

7,461,481

 

537,817

 

(490,583

)

7,508,715

 

Other stockholders’ equity accounts

 

 

 

38,240

 

 

 

38,240

 

15,067

 

 

 

53,307

 

Majority stockholders’ equity

 

10,955,706

 

11,358,871

 

11,105,964

 

11,208,613

 

1,256,902

 

(1,194,601

)

11,270,914

 

Minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

246,343

 

246,343

 

Total stockholders’ equity

 

10,955,706

 

11,358,871

 

(11,105,964

)

11,208,613

 

1,256,902

 

(948,258

)

11,517,257

 

Total

 

Ps.

17,387,335

 

Ps.

37,684,129

 

Ps.

(25,738,244

)

Ps.

29,333,220

 

Ps.

 5,039,486

 

Ps.

(3,867,294

)

Ps.

 30,505,412

 

 

F-62



 

Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries

Supplemental Condensed Combining Financial Information

Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2007

(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))

 

 

 

Parent
company

 

Wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Parent
company and
wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Non-
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Consolidated

 

Assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Currents assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

Ps.

1,724

 

Ps.

2,168,389

 

Ps.

 

Ps.

2,170,113

 

Ps.

36,721

 

Ps.

 

Ps.

2,206,834

 

Restricted cash

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

156,090

 

 

156,090

 

Trade accounts receivable, net

 

 

5,874,237

 

 

5,874,237

 

2,250,525

 

(575,504

)

7,549,258

 

Accounts receivable from affiliates

 

1,289,930

 

10,227,519

 

(10,558,752

)

958,697

 

855,343

 

(1,814,040

)

 

Inventories

 

4,883

 

4,124,689

 

20,946

 

4,150,518

 

241,521

 

 

4,392,039

 

Other current assets, net

 

(8,640

)

327,840

 

17,600

 

336,800

 

153,554

 

 

490,354

 

Total current assets

 

1,287,897

 

22,722,674

 

(10,520,206

)

13,490,365

 

3,693,754

 

(2,389,544

)

14,794,575

 

Land held for future development

 

 

7,091,074

 

 

7,091,074

 

 

 

7,091,074

 

Property and equipment, net

 

 

765,582

 

 

765,582

 

390,147

 

 

1,155,729

 

Investment in shares

 

10,231,143

 

319,575

 

(9,628,965

)

921,753

 

 

(921,753

)

 

Other assets

 

388,360

 

42,241

 

(66,013

)

364,588

 

52,177

 

(748

)

416,017

 

Goodwill

 

731,861

 

 

 

731,861

 

 

 

731,861

 

Total

 

Ps.

12,639,261

 

Ps.

30,941,146

 

Ps.

(20,215,184

)

Ps.

23,365,223

 

Ps.

4,136,078

 

Ps.

(3,312,045

)

Ps.

24,189,256

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Current portion of long-term debt

 

Ps.

73,106

 

Ps.

182,860

 

Ps.

 

Ps.

255,966

 

Ps.

4,792

 

Ps.

 

Ps.

260,758

 

Current portion of leases

 

 

68,187

 

 

68,187

 

 

 

68,187

 

Trade accounts payable

 

25,034

 

3,390,104

 

 

3,415,138

 

616,635

 

(575,504

)

3,456,269

 

Land suppliers

 

 

2,688,698

 

 

2,688,698

 

66,208

 

 

 

2,754,906

 

Advance from customers

 

 

353

 

 

353

 

279,470

 

 

279.823

 

Taxes other than income taxes

 

5,921

 

58,768

 

 

64,689

 

14,805

 

 

79,494

 

Due to related parties

 

184,575

 

10,374,177

 

(10,558,752

)

 

1,814,040

 

(1,814,040

)

 

Income tax payable

 

6,131

 

(4,525

)

 

1,606

 

31,386

 

 

32,992

 

Employee profit-sharing

 

 

33,257

 

 

33,257

 

1,906

 

 

35,163

 

Total current liabilities

 

294,767

 

16,791,879

 

(10,558,752

)

6,527,894

 

2,829,242

 

(2,389,544

)

6,967,592

 

Long-term debt

 

2,729,627

 

359,911

 

 

3,089,538

 

9,248

 

 

3,098,786

 

Long-term leases

 

 

288,857

 

 

288,857

 

 

 

288,857

 

Swap payable

 

79,098

 

 

 

79,098

 

 

 

79,098

 

Long-term land suppliers

 

 

992,801

 

 

992,801

 

 

 

 

992,801

 

Employee retirement obligations

 

 

37,544

 

 

37,544

 

41,553

 

 

79,097

 

Deferred income taxes

 

(72,958

)

2,841,190

 

(66,014

)

2,702,218

 

139,677

 

 

 

2,841,895

 

Total liabilities

 

3,030,534

 

21,312,182

 

(10,624,766

)

13,717,950

 

3,019,720

 

(2,389,544

)

14,348,126

 

Stockholders’ equity:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock

 

528,011

 

2,683,789

 

(2,683,789

)

528,011

 

526,011

 

(526,011

)

528,011

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

3,280,223

 

 

 

3,280,223

 

 

 

 

 

3,280,223

 

Shares repurchased for employee stock option plan

 

(99,342

)

 

 

(99,342

)

 

 

(99,342

)

Retained earnings

 

5,554,920

 

6,790,979

 

(6,752,433

)

5,593,466

 

594,924

 

(607,192

)

5,581,198

 

Other stockholders’ equity accounts

 

344,915

 

154,196

 

(154,196

)

344,915

 

(4,577

)

2,490

 

342,828

 

Majority stockholders’ equity

 

9,608,727

 

9,628,964

 

(9,590,418

)

9,647,273

 

1,116,358

 

(1,130,713

)

9,632,918

 

Minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries

 

 

 

 

 

 

208,212

 

208,212

 

Total stockholders’ equity

 

9,608,727

 

9,628,964

 

(9,590,418

)

9,647,273

 

1,116,358

 

(922,501

)

9,841,130

 

Total

 

Ps.

12,639,261

 

Ps.

30,941,146

 

Ps.

(20,215,184

)

Ps.

23,365,223

 

Ps.

4,136,078

 

Ps.

(3,312,045

)

Ps.

24,189,256

 

 

F-63



 

 Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries

Supplemental Condensed Combining Financial Information

Statement of Income for the Year Ended December 31, 2008

(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))

 

 

 

Parent
company

 

Wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Parent
company and
wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Non-
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Consolidated

 

Revenues

 

Ps.

664,806

 

Ps.

27,816,590

 

Ps.

(10,582,176

)

Ps.

17,899,220

 

Ps.

2,817,243

 

Ps.

(1,865,967

)

Ps.

18,850,496

 

Cost of sales

 

 

 

21,708,407

 

(8,911,344

)

12,797,063

 

686,879

 

(10,685

)

13,473,257

 

Gross profit

 

664,806

 

6,108,183

 

(1,670,832

)

5,102,157

 

2,130,364

 

(1,855,282

)

5,377,239

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

164,305

 

2,760,111

 

(644,298

)

2,280,118

 

1,954,744

 

(1,857,216

)

2,377,646

 

Income (loss) from operations

 

500,501

 

3,348,072

 

(1,026,534

)

2,822,039

 

175,620

 

1,934

 

2,999,593

 

Other income (expense), net

 

3,181

 

(47,855

)

(215

)

(44,889

)

(65,037

)

 

 

(109,926

)

Net comprehensive financing cost:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

412,426

 

1,071,488

 

(1,393,358

)

90,556

 

146,477

 

 

 

237,033

 

Interest income

 

(173,079

)

(615,387

)

857,103

 

68,637

 

(225,988

)

 

 

(157,351

)

Exchange (gain) loss

 

(88,086

)

796,934

 

(713,825

)

(4,977

)

169,818

 

 

 

164,841

 

Valuation effects of derivative instruments

 

313,962

 

 

 

 

 

313,962

 

 

 

 

 

313,962

 

 

 

465,223

 

1,253,035

 

(1,250,080

)

468,178

 

90,307

 

 

 

558,485

 

Income before income taxes

 

38,459

 

2,047,182

 

223,331

 

2,308,972

 

20,276

 

1,934

 

2,331,182

 

Income tax (benefit) expense

 

89,542

 

647,374

 

 

 

736,916

 

(24,741

)

 

 

712,175

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity in income of associated companies

 

1,670,090

 

36,934

 

(1,707,024

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consolidated net income

 

Ps.

1,619,007

 

Ps.

1,436,742

 

Ps.

(1,483,693

)

Ps.

1,572,056

 

Ps.

45,017

 

Ps.

1,934

 

Ps.

1,619,007

 

Net income of majority stockholders

 

1,580,876

 

1,436,742

 

(1,483,693

)

1,533,925

 

45,017

 

1,934

 

1,580,876

 

Net income of minority stockholders

 

38,131

 

 

 

 

 

38,131

 

 

 

 

 

38,131

 

Consolidated net income

 

Ps.

1,619,007

 

Ps.

1,436,742

 

Ps.

(1,483,693

)

Ps.

1,572,056

 

Ps.

45,017

 

Ps.

1,934

 

Ps.

1,619,007

 

 

F-64



 

Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries

Supplemental Condensed Combining Financial Information

Statement of Income for the Year Ended December 31, 2007

(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))

 

 

 

Parent
company

 

Wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Parent
company and
wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Non-
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Consolidated

 

Revenues

 

Ps.

160,475

 

Ps.

22,878,186

 

Ps.

(8,444,373

)

Ps.

14,594,288

 

Ps.

2,995,300

 

Ps.

(1,367,064

)

Ps.

16,222,524

 

Costs

 

 

18,108,058

 

(8,134,779

)

9,973,279

 

1,068,177

 

 

11,041,456

 

Gross profit

 

160,475

 

4,770,128

 

(309,594

)

4,621,009

 

1,927,123

 

(1,367,064

)

5,181,068

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

135,086

 

1,687,420

 

 

1,822,506

 

1,511,825

 

(1,535,902

)

1,798,429

 

Income (loss) from operations

 

25,389

 

3,082,708

 

(309,594

)

2,798,503

 

415,298

 

168,838

 

3,382,639

 

Other income, net

 

1,744

 

210,137

 

 

211,881

 

(2,658

)

 

209,223

 

Net comprehensive financing cost:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

321,151

 

968,190

 

(1,021,046

)

268,295

 

76,633

 

 

344,928

 

Interest income

 

(107,484

)

(708,277

)

770,447

 

(45,314

)

(94,888

)

 

(140,202

)

Exchange (gain) loss

 

(117,084

)

7,919

 

(12,594

)

(121,759

)

564

 

 

(121,195

)

Monetary position loss (gain)

 

(92,346

)

189,907

 

83,889

 

181,450

 

13,923

 

 

195,373

 

 

 

4,237

 

457,739

 

(179,304

)

(282,672

)

(3,768

)

 

278,904

 

Income (loss) before income taxes

 

22,896

 

2,835,106

 

(130,290

)

2,727,712

 

416,408

 

168,838

 

3,312,958

 

Income tax (benefit) expense

 

59,828

 

783,058

 

 

842,886

 

108,394

 

 

951,280

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Equity in income of associated companies

 

2,398,610

 

(621

)

(2,397,989

)

 

 

 

 

Consolidated net income

 

Ps.

2,361,678

 

Ps.

2,051,427

 

Ps.

(2,267,699

)

Ps.

1,884,826

 

Ps.

308,014

 

Ps.

168,838

 

Ps.

2,361,678

 

Net income of majority stockholders

 

2,233,066

 

2,051,427

 

(2,528,279

)

1,756,214

 

308,014

 

168,838

 

2,233,066

 

Net income of minority stockholders

 

128,612

 

 

 

128,612

 

 

 

128,612

 

Consolidated net income

 

Ps.

2,361,678

 

Ps.

2,051,427

 

Ps.

(2,528,279

)

Ps.

1,884,826

 

Ps.

308,014

 

Ps.

168,838

 

Ps.

2,361,678

 

 

F-65



 

Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries

Supplemental Condensed Combining Financial Information

Statement of Income for the Year Ended December 31, 2006

(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))

 

 

 

Parent
company

 

Wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Parent
company and
wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Non-
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Consolidated

 

Revenues

 

Ps.

 

Ps.

20,722,296

 

Ps.

(7,321,650

)

Ps.

13,400,646

 

Ps.

1,288,070

 

Ps.

(1,249,197

)

Ps.

13,439,519

 

Costs

 

10,714

 

16,666,173

 

(7,738,143

)

8,938,744

 

252,261

 

 

 

9,191,005

 

Gross profit

 

(10,714

)

4,056,123

 

416,493

 

4,461,902

 

1,035,809

 

(1,249,197

)

4,248,514

 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

 

171,027

 

1,149,811

 

 

1,320,838

 

872,076

 

(833,767

)

1,359,147

 

Income (loss) from operations

 

(181,741

)

2,906,312

 

416,493

 

3,141,064

 

163,733

 

(415,430

)

2,889,367

 

Other income, net

 

6,243

 

45,270

 

 

51,513

 

(5,759

)

(34,750

)

11,004

 

Net comprehensive financing cost:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

377,961

 

649,899

 

407,295

 

620,565

 

54,014

 

 

674,579

 

Interest income

 

(153,162

)

(300,863

)

(407,295

)

(46,730

)

(62,062

)

 

(108,792

)

Exchange loss

 

165,696

 

(17,684

)

 

148,011

 

385

 

 

148,396

 

Monetary position loss (gain)

 

(48,129

)

113,982

 

 

65,853

 

10,933

 

 

76,786

 

 

 

342,365

 

445,334

 

 

787,699

 

3,270

 

 

790,969

 

Income (loss) before income taxes

 

(517,863

)

2,506,248

 

416,493

 

2,404,878

 

154,704

 

(450,180

)

2,109,402

 

Income tax (benefit) expense

 

(220,094

)

816,297

 

 

596,203

 

73,640

 

 

669,843

 

Equity in income of associated companies

 

1,737,328

 

(3,304

)

(1,734,024

)

 

 

 

 

Consolidated net income

 

Ps.

1,439,559

 

Ps.

1,686,647

 

Ps.

(1,317,531

)

Ps.

1,808,675

 

Ps.

81,064

 

Ps.

(450,180

)

Ps.

1,439,559

 

Net income of majority stockholders

 

1,391,281

 

1,686,647

 

(1,317,531

)

1,760,397

 

81,064

 

(450,180

)

1,391,281

 

Net income of minority stockholders

 

(48,278

)

 

 

(48,278

)

 

 

(48,278

)

Consolidated net income

 

Ps.

1,439,559

 

Ps.

1,686,647

 

Ps.

(1,317,531

)

Ps.

1,808,675

 

Ps.

81,064

 

Ps.

(450,180

)

Ps.

1,439,559

 

 

F-66



 

Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries

Supplemental Condensed Statement of Cash Flows

Statement of Cash Flows for the Year Ended December 31, 2008

(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))

 

 

 

Parent
company

 

Wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Parent
company and
wholly-owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Non-
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Consolidated

 

Cash flows generated by (used in) operating activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income before income tax

 

Ps.

38,459

 

Ps.

2,047,182

 

Ps.

223,331

 

Ps.

2,308,972

 

Ps.

20,276

 

Ps.

1,934

 

Ps.

2,331,182

 

Items related to investing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

101,294

 

273,349

 

 

 

374,643

 

50,378

 

 

 

425,021

 

Gain on sale of property and equipment

 

 

 

(8,893

)

 

 

(8,893

)

122

 

 

 

(8,771

)

Interest income

 

(173,079

)

(615,387

)

730,563

 

(57,903

)

(225,988

)

126,540

 

(157,351

)

Items related to financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

404,279

 

981,505

 

(730,563

)

655,221

 

135,084

 

(126,540

)

663,765

 

Valuation effects of derivative instruments

 

313,962

 

 

 

 

 

313,962

 

 

 

 

 

313,962

 

Deferred profit-sharing

 

 

 

7,899

 

 

 

7,899

 

(4,838

)

 

 

3,061

 

Exchange loss

 

714,347

 

(900

)

 

 

713,447

 

2,053

 

 

 

715,500

 

 

 

1,399,262

 

2,684,755

 

223,331

 

4,307,348

 

(22,913

)

1,934

 

4,286,369

 

Increase in trade accounts receivable

 

 

 

(4,421,350

)

 

 

(4,421,350

)

700,582

 

(575,504

)

(4,296,272

)

Increase in trade accounts receivable from affiliates

 

(5,173,903

)

(24,074,337

)

28,053,096

 

(1,195,144

)

(4,005,031

)

5,200,175

 

 

 

Increase in inventories and land held for future developments

 

(1,491

)

(3,023,230

)

20,946

 

(3,003,775

)

125,587

 

 

 

(2,878,188

)

Decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets

 

69,194

 

332,578

 

(244,236

)

157,536

 

(66,035

)

1,110

 

92,611

 

Interest income collected

 

173,079

 

615,387

 

(730,563

)

57,903

 

225,988

 

(126,540

)

157,351

 

Increase in trade accounts payable

 

(4,556

)

206,667

 

 

 

202,111

 

(348,552

)

575,504

 

429,063

 

Decrease in accounts payable to affiliates

 

14,351,016

)

13,702,080

 

(28,053,096

)

 

 

5,200,216

 

(5,200,216

)

 

 

Decrease in accounts payable to land suppliers

 

 

 

(1,016,245

)

 

 

(1,016,245

)

 

 

 

 

(1,016,245

)

Increase in other liabilities

 

13,670

 

328,011

 

 

 

341,681

 

76,470

 

 

 

418,151

 

Increase in employee benefits obligations

 

 

 

20,179

 

 

 

20,179

 

20,063

 

 

 

40,242

 

Payments of derivative instruments

 

(340,912

)

 

 

 

 

(340,912

)

 

 

 

 

(340,912

)

Income tax paid

 

2,244

 

(82,866

)

 

 

(80,622

)

(39,865

)

(3,044

)

123,531

 

Net cash flows from operating activities

 

10,487,603

 

(14,728,371

)

(730,522

)

(4,971,290

)

1,866,510

 

(126,581

)

(3,231,361

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flows generated by (used in) investing activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Increase in the investment in associate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(27,727

)

 

 

(27,727

)

Acquisition of property and equipment

 

 

 

(467,318

)

 

 

(467,318

)

(96,405

)

 

 

(563,723

)

Proceeds from sale of property and equipment

 

 

 

98,421

 

 

 

98,421

 

299

 

 

 

98,720

 

Net cash flows from investing activities

 

 

 

(368,997

)

 

 

(368,897

)

(123,833

)

 

 

(492,730

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flows generated by (used in) financing activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds and payments from affiliates

 

(12,760,369

)

14,309,035

 

 

 

1,548,667

 

(1,548,667

)

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from new borrowings

 

5,593,465

 

3,551,493

 

 

 

9,144,958

 

322

 

 

 

9,145,280

 

Payments of notes payable

 

(2,915,465

)

(2,940,485

)

 

 

(5,855,950

)

(5,111

)

 

 

(5,861,061

)

Interest paid

 

(406,523

)

(981,270

)

730,522

 

(657,271

)

(135,117

)

126,581

 

(665,807

)

Net cash flows from financing activities

 

(10,488,892

)

13,938,773

 

730,522

 

4,180,404

 

(1,688,573

)

126,581

 

2,618,412

 

Net decrease of cash and cash equivalents

 

(1,289

)

(1,158,494

)

 

 

(1,159,783

)

54,104

 

 

 

(1,105,679

)

Translation adjustment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

10,940

 

 

 

10,940

 

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the beginning of year

 

1,724

 

2,168,389

 

 

 

2,170,113

 

192,811

 

 

 

2,632,924

 

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of year

 

Ps.

435

 

Ps.

1,009,894

 

Ps.

 

 

Ps.

1,010,330

 

Ps.

257,855

 

 

 

Ps.

1,268,185

 

 

F-67



 

Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries

Supplemental Condensed Combining Financial Information

Statement of Changes in Financial Position for the Year Ended December 31, 2007

(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))

 

 

 

Parent
company

 

Wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Parent
company and
wholly-owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Non-
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Consolidated

 

Operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consolidated net income

 

Ps.

2,361,678

 

Ps.

2,051,427

 

Ps.

(2,528,279

)

Ps.

1,884,826

 

Ps.

308,014

 

Ps.

168,838

 

Ps.

2,361,678

 

Add items that did not require resources:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation

 

 

156,117

 

 

156,117

 

40,190

 

 

196,307

 

Equity in income subsidiaries

 

(2,398,610

)

621

 

2,397,989

 

 

 

 

 

Amortization of BETA trademark and backlog

 

105,410

 

 

 

105,410

 

 

 

105,410

 

Labor obligations

 

 

 

11,696

 

 

 

11,696

 

6,720

 

 

 

18,416

 

Deferred income taxes

 

43,267

 

719,270

 

 

762,587

 

55,870

 

 

818,407

 

 

 

111,745

 

2,939,581

 

(130,290

)

2,921,036

 

410,794

 

168,838

 

3,500,218

 

Changes in operating assets and liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Increase) decrease in:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trade accounts receivable

 

 

(1,205,585

)

 

(1,205,585

)

(962,441

)

159,854

 

(2,008,172

)

Accounts receivable from affiliates

 

149,018

 

890,556

 

(1,429,106

)

(389,532

)

(6,326

)

395,858

 

 

Inventories and land held for future development

 

(4,883

)

(2,310,372

)

(20,946

)

(2,336,201

)

246,114

 

 

(2,090,087

)

Other assets

 

21,230

 

(89,045

)

(51,046

)

(118,861

)

(5,514

)

 

 

(124,375

)

Increase (decrease) in:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trade accounts payable

 

(4,944

)

1,310,562

 

 

1,305,618

 

175,367

 

(159,854

)

1,321,131

 

Land suppliers

 

(2,306

)

230,688

 

52,275

 

280,657

 

(34,845

)

 

 

245,812

 

Accrued expenses and taxes

 

(109,054

)

(26,871

)

150,007

 

14,082

 

 

 

(168,911

)

(154,829

)

Due to related parties

 

172,290

 

(1,601,396

)

1,429,106

 

 

395,785

 

(395,785

)

 

Other liabilities

 

 

(11,511

)

 

(11,511

)

(18,018

)

 

 

(29,529

)

Net resources used in operating activities

 

333,096

 

126,607

 

 

459,703

 

200,916

 

 

660,169

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from new borrowings, net

 

(232,131

)

328,088

 

 

95,957

 

(5,396

)

 

90,561

 

Shares repurchased for employee stock option plan

 

(99,342

)

 

 

(99,342

)

 

 

(99,342

)

Dividends paid by subsidiary company

 

 

(9,133

)

 

(9,133

)

 

 

(9,133

)

Net resources generated by financing activities

 

(331,473

)

318,955

 

 

(12,518

)

(5,396

)

 

(17,914

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Restricted cash

 

 

 

 

 

(118,493

)

 

(118,493

)

Investment in associates

 

 

 

 

 

(17,869

)

 

(17,869

)

Acquisition of property and equipment

 

 

(600,961

)

 

(600,961

)

(79,787

)

 

(680,748

)

Net resources used in investing activities

 

 

(600,961

)

 

(600,961

)

(216,149

)

 

(817,110

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease)

 

1,623

 

155,399

 

 

(153,776

)

(20,629

)

 

(174,855

)

Balance at beginning of year

 

101

 

2,324,238

 

 

2,324,339

 

57,350

 

 

2,381,689

 

Balance at end of year

 

Ps.

1,724

 

Ps.

2,168,839

 

Ps.

 

Ps.

2,170,563

 

Ps.

36,721

 

 

Ps.

2,206,834

 

 

F-68



 

Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries

Supplemental Condensed Combining Financial Information

Statement of Changes in Financial Position for the Year Ended December 31, 2006

(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))

 

 

 

Parent
company

 

Wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Parent
company and
wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Non-
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Consolidated

 

Operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Consolidated net income

 

Ps.

1,439,559

 

Ps.

1,686,647

 

Ps.

(1,317,531

)

Ps.

1,808,675

 

Ps.

81,064

 

(450,180

)

Ps.

1,439,559

 

Add items that did not require resources:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation

 

 

117,428

 

 

117,428

 

13,401

 

 

130,829

 

Equity in income subsidiaries

 

(1,737,329

)

3,304

 

1,734,025

 

 

 

 

 

Amortization of BETA trademark and backlog

 

20,052

 

94,477

 

 

114,529

 

 

 

114,529

 

Labor obligations

 

 

13,623

 

 

13,623

 

5,724

 

 

19,347

 

Deferred income taxes

 

(220,094

)

702,441

 

 

482,347

 

44,192

 

 

526,539

 

 

 

(497,812

)

2,617,920

 

416,494

 

2,536,602

 

144,381

 

(450,180

)

2,230,803

 

Changes in operating assets and liabilities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(Increase) decrease in:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trade accounts receivable

 

 

151,277

 

 

151,277

 

 

 

151,277

 

Accounts receivable from affiliates

 

(12,285

)

(10,860,771

)

10,431,157

 

(441,899

)

(1,273,706

)

1,715,605

 

 

Inventories and land held for future development

 

 

(3,409,786

)

 

(3,409,786

)

(93,705

)

 

(3,503,491

)

Other assets

 

208,147

 

49,558

 

 

257,705

 

(30,320

)

 

227,385

 

Increase (decrease) in:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Trade accounts payable

 

 

559,288

 

 

559,288

 

 

 

559,288

 

Land suppliers

 

 

1,623,150

 

 

1,623,150

 

 

 

1,623,150

 

Accrued expenses and taxes

 

 

(81,775

)

 

(81,775

)

 

 

(81,775

)

Due to related parties

 

12,285

 

10,835,366

 

(10,847,651

)

 

1,265,425

 

(1,265,425

)

 

Other liabilities

 

94,678

 

5,772

 

 

100,450

 

 

 

100,450

 

Net resources used in operating activities

 

(194,987

)

1,489,999

 

 

1,295,012

 

12,075

 

 

1,307,087

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from new borrowings

 

49,557

 

(46,121

)

 

3,436

 

 

 

3,436

 

Payments of notes payable

 

(12,994

)

 

 

(12,994

)

 

 

(12,994

)

Net resources generated by financing activities

 

36,563

 

(46,121

)

 

(9,558

)

 

 

(9,558

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Restricted Investments

 

 

 

 

 

(37,597

)

 

(37,597

)

Acquisition of property and equipment

 

 

(302,392

)

 

(302,392

)

 

 

(302,392

)

Net resources used in investing activities

 

 

(302,392

)

 

(302,392

)

(37,597

)

 

(339,989

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease)

 

(158,424

)

1,141,486

 

 

983,062

 

25,522

 

 

957,540

 

Balance at beginning of year

 

158,525

 

1,182,752

 

 

1,341,277

 

82,872

 

 

1,424,149

 

Balance at end of year

 

Ps.

101

 

Ps.

2,324,238

 

 

Ps.

2,324,339

 

Ps.

57,350

 

 

Ps.

2,381,689

 

 

F-69



 

Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries

Supplemental Condensed Combining Reconciliation of Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (MFRS) to US GAAP

As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2008

(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))

 

 

 

Parent 
company

 

Wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Parent 
company and
wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Non-
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Consolidated

 

Majority net income according to MFRS

 

Ps.

1,580,876

 

Ps.

1,436,742

 

Ps.

(1,483,693

)

Ps.

1,533,925

 

Ps.

45,017

 

Ps.

1,934

 

Ps.

1,580,876

 

US GAAP adjustments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reversal of revenue recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting

 

 

 

(4,017,365

)

 

 

(4,017,365

)

60,287

 

 

 

(3,957,078

)

Reversal of cost recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting

 

 

 

2,657,250

 

 

 

2,657,250

 

(39,877

)

 

 

2,617,373

 

Capitalization of interest

 

(154,903

)

(49,011

)

 

 

(203,914

)

 

 

 

 

(203,914

)

Amortization of Backlog and BETA trademark

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Labor obligations

 

 

 

(23,780

)

 

 

(23,780

)

34,889

 

 

 

11,109

 

Deferral of down payment

 

 

 

(8,003

)

 

 

(8,003

)

(702

)

 

 

(8,705

)

Deferral of future involvement

 

 

 

3,529

 

 

 

3,529

 

 

 

 

 

3,529

 

Other

 

 

 

38,240

 

 

 

38,240

 

(8,573

)

 

 

29,667

 

Prepaid sales commissions

 

 

 

72,537

 

 

 

72,537

 

(1,088

)

 

 

71,449

 

Effects of inflation on US GAAP adjustments

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tax effects on US GAAP adjustments

 

44,739

 

394,192

 

 

 

438,931

 

(15,455

)

 

 

423,476

 

Total adjustments

 

(110,164

)

(932,411

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income according to US GAAP

 

Ps.

1,470,712

 

Ps.

504,331

 

Ps.

(1,483,693

)

Ps.

491,350

 

Ps.

74,498

 

Ps.

1,934

 

Ps.

567,782

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Majority stockholders’ equity according to MFRS

 

Ps.

10,955,706

 

Ps.

11,358,871

 

Ps.

(11,105,964

)

Ps.

11,208,613

 

Ps.

1,256,902

 

Ps.

(1,194,601

)

Ps.

11,270,914

 

US GAAP adjustments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reversal of revenue recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting

 

 

 

(9,233,245

)

 

 

(9,233,245

)

(1,604,069

)

 

 

(10,837,314

)

Reversal of cost recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting

 

 

 

6,763,044

 

 

 

6,763,044

 

1,174,927

 

 

 

7,937,971

 

Goodwill

 

86,754

 

 

 

 

 

86,754

 

 

 

 

 

86,754

 

Backlog and BETA trademark

 

(237,001

)

 

 

 

 

(237,001

)

 

 

 

 

(237,001

)

Labor obligations

 

 

 

(14,779

)

 

 

(14,779

)

(16,810

)

 

 

(31,589

)

Sales commissions

 

 

 

166,332

 

 

 

166,332

 

28,897

 

 

 

195,229

 

Deferral of future involvement

 

 

 

(1,926

)

 

 

(1,926

)

 

 

 

 

(1,926

)

Acquisition of minority interest

 

 

 

79,437

 

 

 

79,437

 

 

 

 

 

79,437

 

Capitalization of interest

 

11,085

 

3,508

 

 

 

14,593

 

 

 

 

 

14,593

 

Deferral of unsecured homebuyers’ receivables of the year

 

 

 

(66,077

)

 

 

(66,077

)

(5,539

)

 

 

(71,616

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total US GAAP adjustments before tax effects

 

(169,162

)

(2,303,706

)

 

 

(2,442,868

)

(422,594

)

 

 

(2,865,462

)

Tax effects on US GAAP adjustments

 

40,881

 

676,743

 

 

 

717,624

 

124,142

 

 

 

841,766

 

Total adjustments

 

(98,281

)

(1,626,963

)

 

 

(1,725,244

)

(298,452

)

 

 

(2,023,696

)

Stockholders’ equity according to US GAAP

 

Ps.

10,857,425

 

Ps.

9,731,908

 

Ps.

(11,105,964

)

Ps.

9,483,369

 

Ps.

958,450

 

Ps.

(1,194,601

)

Ps.

9,247,218

 

 

F-70



 

Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries

Supplemental Condensed Combining Reconciliation of Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (MFRS) to US GAAP

As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2007

(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))

 

 

 

Parent 
company

 

Wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Parent 
company and
wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Non-
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Consolidated

 

Majority net income according to MFRS

 

Ps.

2,233,065

 

Ps.

2,051,427

 

Ps.

(2,528,279

)

Ps.

1,756,213

 

Ps.

308,015

 

Ps.

168,838

 

Ps.

2,233,066

 

US GAAP adjustments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reversal of revenue recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting

 

 

(1,541,648

)

 

(1,541,648

)

(825,225

)

 

(2,366,873

)

Reversal of cost recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting

 

 

957,725

 

 

957,725

 

650,773

 

 

1,608,498

 

Capitalization of interest

 

(197,377

)

(63,368

)

 

 

(260,745

)

(989

)

 

(261,734

)

Amortization of Backlog and BETA trademark

 

(16,747

)

 

 

 

(16,747

)

 

 

(16,747

)

Labor obligations

 

 

(8,382

)

 

(8,382

)

(9,034

)

 

(17,416

)

Deferral of down payment

 

 

3,451

 

 

3,451

 

 

 

3,451

 

Deferral of future involvement

 

 

2,119

 

 

2,119

 

 

 

2,119

 

Prepaid sales commissions

 

 

27,461

 

 

27,461

 

9,364

 

 

36,825

 

Effects of inflation on US GAAP adjustments

 

 

153,309

 

 

153,309

 

50,325

 

 

203,634

 

Tax effects on US GAAP adjustments

 

49,552

 

139,911

 

 

189,463

 

52,948

 

 

242,411

 

Total adjustments

 

(164,572

)

(329,422

)

 

(493,994

)

(71,838

)

 

(565,832

)

Net income according to US GAAP

 

Ps.

2,068,493

 

Ps.

1,722,005

 

Ps.

(2,528,279

)

Ps.

1,262,219

 

Ps.

236,177

 

Ps.

168,838

 

Ps.

1,667,234

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Majority stockholders’ equity according to MFRS

 

Ps.

9,608,727

 

Ps.

9,628,965

 

Ps.

(9,590,418

)

Ps.

9,647,274

 

Ps.

1,116,359

 

Ps.

(1,130,715

)

Ps.

9,632,918

 

US GAAP adjustments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reversal of revenue recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting

 

 

(5,179,898

)

 

(5,179,898

)

(1,700,339

)

 

(6,880,237

)

Reversal of cost recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting

 

 

4,135,231

 

 

4,135,231

 

1,185,366

 

 

5,320,597

 

Goodwill

 

86,754

 

 

 

86,754

 

 

 

86,754

 

Backlog and BETA trademark

 

(237,001

)

 

 

(237,001

)

 

 

(237,001

)

Labor obligations

 

 

(33,810

)

 

(33,810

)

(33,365

)

 

(67,175

)

Sales commissions

 

 

92,933

 

 

92,933

 

30,849

 

 

123,782

 

Deferral of future involvement

 

 

(5,455

)

 

(5,455

)

 

 

(5,455

)

Acquisition of minority interest

 

 

79,437

 

 

79,437

 

 

 

79,437

 

Capitalization of interest

 

164,778

 

52,903

 

 

217,681

 

825

 

 

 

218,506

 

Deferral of unsecured homebuyers’ receivables of the year

 

 

(62,911

)

 

(62,911

)

 

 

(62,911

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total US GAAP adjustments before tax effects

 

14,531

 

(921,570

)

 

(907,039

)

(516,664

)

 

(1,423,703

)

Tax effects on US GAAP adjustments

 

23,660

 

277,167

 

 

375,210

 

117,462

 

 

418,289

 

Total adjustments

 

38,191

 

(644,403

)

 

 

(606,212

)

(399,202

)

 

 

(1,005,414

)

Stockholders’ equity according to US GAAP

 

Ps.

9,646,918

 

Ps.

8,984,562

 

Ps.

(9,590,418

)

Ps.

9,041,062

 

Ps.

717,157

 

Ps.

(1,130,715

)

Ps.

8,627,504

 

 

F-71



 

Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries

Supplemental Condensed Combining Reconciliation of Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (MFRS) to US GAAP

As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2006

(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.)

 

 

 

Parent 
company

 

Wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Parent 
company and
wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Non-
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Consolidated

 

Majority net income according to MFRS

 

Ps.

1,391,281

 

Ps.

1,686,647

 

Ps.

(1,317,531

)

Ps.

1,760,397

 

Ps.

81,064

 

Ps.

(450,180

)

Ps.

1,391,281

 

US GAAP adjustments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reversal of revenue recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting

 

 

102,040

 

 

102,040

 

(322,806

)

 

(220,766

)

Reversal of cost recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting

 

 

(69,389

)

 

(69,389

)

219,510

 

 

150,121

 

Capitalization of interest

 

164,507

 

33,135

 

 

 

197,642

 

1,130

 

 

 

198,772

 

Backlog

 

(47,682

)

 

 

(47,682

)

 

 

(47,682

)

Labor obligations

 

 

(3,204

)

 

(3,204

)

(3,204

)

 

(6,408

)

Deferral of down payment

 

 

82,366

 

 

82,366

 

 

 

82,366

 

Deferral of future involvement

 

 

(7,574

)

 

(7,574

)

 

 

(7,574

)

Prepaid sales commissions

 

 

2,490

 

 

2,490

 

 

 

 

 

2,490

 

Effects of inflation on US GAAP adjustments

 

 

141,644

 

 

141,644

 

30,092

 

 

171,736

 

Tax effects on US GAAP adjustments

 

(32,701

)

(39,170

)

 

(71,871

)

(9,888

)

 

(81,759

)

Total adjustments

 

84,124

 

242,338

 

 

326,462

 

(85,166

)

 

241,296

 

Net income according to US GAAP

 

Ps.

1,475,403

 

Ps.

1,928,992

 

Ps.

(1,317,531

)

Ps.

2,086,862

 

Ps.

(4,103

)

Ps.

(450,180

)

Ps.

1,632,577

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Majority stockholders’ equity according to MFRS

 

Ps.

7,535,098

 

Ps.

7,529,902

 

Ps.

(7,838,475

)

Ps.

7,226,525

 

Ps.

781,554

 

Ps.

(504,308

)

Ps.

7,503,771

 

US GAAP adjustments:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reversal of revenue recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting

 

 

(3,952,029

)

 

(3,952,029

)

(837,527

)

 

(4,789,556

)

Reversal of cost recognized under percentage-of-completion method of accounting

 

 

3,090,132

 

 

3,090,132

 

664,603

 

 

3,754,735

 

Backlog and BETA trademark

 

(211,674

)

 

 

(211,674

)

 

 

(211,674

)

Goodwill

 

86,754

 

 

 

86,754

 

 

 

86,754

 

Labor obligations

 

 

(23,082

)

 

(23,082

)

(5,621

)

 

(28,703

)

Sales commissions

 

 

86,957

 

 

86,957

 

 

 

86,957

 

Deferral of future involvement

 

 

(7,574

)

 

 

(7,574

)

 

 

(7,574

)

Deferral of unsecured homebuyers’ receivables of the year

 

 

(66,362

)

 

(66,362

)

 

 

(66,362

)

Acquisition of minority interest

 

 

 

79,437

 

 

 

79,437

 

 

 

 

 

79,437

 

Capitalization of interest

 

397,415

 

80,079

 

 

477,494

 

2,746

 

 

480,240

 

Total US GAAP adjustments before tax effects

 

272,495

 

(712,442

)

 

(439,947

)

(175,799

)

 

(615,746

)

Tax effects on US GAAP adjustments

 

(115,782

)

261,523

 

 

145,741

 

49,223

 

 

194,964

 

Total adjustments

 

156,713

 

(450,919

)

 

(294,206

)

(126,576

)

 

(420,782

)

Stockholders’ equity according to US GAAP

 

Ps.

7,691,811

 

Ps.

7,078,983

 

Ps.

(7,838,475

)

Ps.

6,932,319

 

Ps.

654,978

 

Ps.

(504,308

)

Ps.

7,082,989

 

 

F-72



 

Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries

Supplemental Condensed Statement of Cash Flows — US GAAP

Statement of Cash Flows for the Year Ended December 31, 2008

(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))

 

 

 

Parent
company

 

Wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Parent
company and
wholly-owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Non-
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Consolidated

 

Operating activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adjusted consolidated net income

 

Ps.

1,470,712

 

Ps.

504,331

 

Ps.

(1,483,693

)

Ps.

491,350

 

Ps.

74,498

 

Ps.

1,934

 

Ps.

567,782

 

Non-cash items:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation

 

 

 

273,349

 

 

 

273,349

 

50,378

 

 

 

323,727

 

Equity income in subsidiaries

 

(1,446,759

)

(36,934

)

1,1483,693

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Deferred income tax and statutory profit-sharing

 

44,803

 

147,800

 

 

 

192,603

 

(42,412

)

 

 

150,191

 

Amortization

 

91,054

 

 

 

 

 

91,054

 

 

 

 

 

91,054

 

Exchange loss

 

714,347

 

(900

)

 

 

713,447

 

2,053

 

 

 

715,500

 

Changes in fair value of derivative instruments

 

313,962

 

 

 

 

 

313,962

 

 

 

 

 

313,962

 

Changes in operating assets and liabilities

 

8,947,394

 

(16,539,560

)

 

 

(7,592,166

)

1,628,505

 

(1,934

)

(5,965,595

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities

 

10,135,513

 

(15,651,914

)

 

 

(5,516,401

)

1,713,022

 

 

 

(3,803,379

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investments in:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Property and equipment

 

 

 

(478,975

)

 

 

(478,975

)

(96,404

)

 

 

(575,379

)

Restricted cash

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

28,045

 

 

 

28,045

 

Net cash flows provided by (used in) investing activities

 

 

 

(478,975

)

 

 

(478,975

)

(68,359

)

 

 

(547,334

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds and payments from affiliates

 

(12,760,368

)

14,309,035

 

 

 

1,548,667

 

(1,548,667

)

 

 

 

 

Short-term borrowings, net

 

600,000

 

543,732

 

 

 

1,143,732

 

 

 

 

 

1,143,732

 

Proceeds from long-term borrowings

 

2,078,000

 

299,795

 

 

 

2,377,795

 

 

 

 

 

2,377,795

 

Repayments of long-term borrowings

 

(54,434

)

(180,167

)

 

 

(234,601

)

(2,907

)

 

 

(237,508

)

Net cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities

 

(10,136,802

)

14,972,395

 

 

 

4,835,593

 

(1,551,574

)

 

 

3,284,019

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease) of cash and cash equivalents

 

(1,289

)

(1,158,494

)

 

 

(1,159,783

)

93,089

 

 

 

(1,066,694

)

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of year

 

1,724

 

2,168,389

 

 

 

2,170,113

 

36,721

 

 

 

2,206,834

 

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of year

 

Ps.

435

 

Ps.

1,009,895

 

Ps.

 

 

Ps.

1,010,330

 

Ps.

129,810

 

 

 

Ps.

1,140,140

 

 

F-73



 

Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries

Supplemental Condensed Statement of Cash Flows — US GAAP

Statement of Cash Flows for the Year Ended December 31, 2007

(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))

 

 

 

Parent
company

 

Wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Parent
company and
wholly-owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Non-
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Consolidated

 

Operating activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adjusted consolidated net income

 

Ps.

2,068,493

 

Ps.

1,722,005

 

Ps.

(2,528,279)

 

Ps.

1,262,219

 

Ps.

236,177

 

Ps.

168,838

 

Ps.

1,667,234

 

Non-cash items:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation

 

 

 

139,742

 

 

 

139,742

 

35,975

 

 

 

175,717

 

Equity income in subsidiaries

 

(2,398,610

)

621

 

2,397,989

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Deferred income tax and statutory profit-sharing

 

(6,285

)

579,359

 

 

 

573,074

 

2,922

 

 

 

575,996

 

Amortization

 

106,566

 

 

 

 

 

106,566

 

 

 

 

 

106,566

 

Exchange gain

 

20,000

 

 

 

 

 

20,000

 

 

 

 

 

20,000

 

Changes in fair value of derivative instruments

 

(139,749

)

 

 

 

 

(139,749

)

 

 

 

 

(139,749

)

Changes in operating assets and liabilities

 

2,456,793

 

(4,318,194

)

130,290

 

(1,731,111

)

76,156

 

(168,838

)

(1,823,793

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities

 

2,107,208

 

(1,876,467

)

 

230,741

 

351,230

 

 

581,971

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investments in:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Property and equipment

 

 

 

(600,961

)

 

 

(600,961

)

(79,787

)

 

 

(680,748

)

Restricted cash

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(119,855

)

 

 

(119,855

)

Net cash flows provided by (used in) investing activities

 

 

 

(600,961

)

 

 

(600,961

)

(199,642

)

 

 

(800,603

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds and payments from affiliates

 

(1,922,084

)

2,086,828

 

 

 

164,744

 

(164,744

)

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from new borrowings

 

503,911

 

2,148,761

 

 

 

2,652,672

 

(5,396

)

 

 

2,647,276

 

Payments of notes payable to financial institutions

 

(588,066

)

(1,820,673

)

 

 

(2,408,739

)

 

 

 

 

(2,408,739

)

Shares repurchased from employee stock option plan

 

(99,342

)

 

 

 

 

(99,342

)

 

 

 

 

(99,342

)

Dividends paid by subsidiary

 

 

 

(9,133

)

 

 

(9,133

)

 

 

 

 

(9,133

)

Net cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities

 

(2,105,581

)

2,405,783

 

 

 

300,202

 

(170,140

)

 

 

130,062

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease) of cash and cash equivalents

 

1,627

 

(71,645

)

 

 

(70,018

)

(18,552

)

 

 

(88,570

)

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of year

 

97

 

2,240,034

 

 

 

2,240,131

 

55,273

 

 

 

2,295,404

 

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of year

 

Ps.

1,724

 

Ps.

2,168,389

 

Ps.

 

 

Ps.

2,170,113

 

Ps.

36,721

 

 

 

Ps.

2,206,834

 

 

F-74



 

Desarrolladora Homex, S.A.B de C.V. and Subsidiaries

Supplemental Condensed Statement of Cash Flows — US GAAP

Statement of Cash Flows for the Year Ended December 31, 2006

(In thousands of Mexican pesos (Ps.))

 

 

 

Parent
company

 

Wholly-
owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Parent company and
wholly-owned
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Non-
guarantor
subsidiaries

 

Eliminations

 

Consolidated

 

Operating activities

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Adjusted consolidated net income

 

Ps.

1,455,881

 

Ps.

1,859,107

 

Ps.

(1,269,800)

 

Ps.

2,045,188

 

Ps.

(3,954)

 

Ps.

(433,872)

 

Ps.

1,607,362

 

Non-cash items:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation

 

 

 

100,890

 

 

 

100,890

 

11,514

 

 

 

112,404

 

Equity income in subsidiaries

 

(1,674,389

)

3,185

 

1,671,204

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Deferred income tax and statutory profit-sharing

 

(180,604

)

714,744

 

 

 

534,140

 

52,120

 

 

 

586,260

 

Amortization

 

156,335

 

 

 

 

 

156,335

 

 

 

 

 

156,335

 

Exchange gain

 

53,250

 

 

 

 

 

53,250

 

 

 

 

 

53,250

 

Changes in fair value of derivative instruments

 

100,594

 

 

 

 

 

100,594

 

 

 

 

 

100,594

 

Changes in operating assets and liabilities

 

1,580,033

 

(3,673,255

)

(401,404

)

(2,494,626

)

778,346

 

433,872

 

(1,282,408

)

Recoverable tax, net

 

 

 

(5,725

)

 

 

(5,725

)

 

 

 

 

(5,725

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities

 

1,491,100

 

(1,001,054

)

 

 

490,046

 

838,026

 

 

 

1,328,072

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Investments in:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Property and equipment

 

 

 

(291,437

)

 

 

(291,437

)

 

 

 

 

(291,437

)

Restricted cash

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(35,924

)

 

 

(35,924

)

Net cash flows provided by (used in) investing activities

 

 

 

(291,437

)

 

 

(291,437

)

(35,924

)

 

 

(327,361

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds and payments from affiliates

 

(1,637,223

)

2,463,922

 

 

 

826,699

 

(826,699

)

 

 

 

 

Debt issuance costs, net

 

(12,523

)

 

 

 

 

(12,523

)

 

 

 

 

(12,523

)

Proceeds from new borrowings

 

 

 

1,537,908

 

 

 

1,537,908

 

 

 

 

 

1,537,908

 

Payments of notes payable to financial institutions

 

59,739

 

(1,609,207

)

 

 

(1,549,468

)

 

 

 

 

(1,549,468

)

Net cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities

 

(1,590,007

)

2,392,623

 

 

 

802,616

 

(826,699

)

 

 

(24,083

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease) of cash and cash equivalents

 

(98,907

)

1,100,132

 

 

 

1,001,225

 

(24,597

)

 

 

976,628

 

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of year

 

99,004

 

1,139,902

 

 

 

1,238,906

 

79,870

 

 

 

1,318,776

 

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of year

 

Ps.

97

 

Ps.

2,240,034

 

Ps.

 

 

Ps.

2,240,131

 

Ps.

55,273

 

 

 

Ps.

2,295,404

 

 

F-75