EX-99.3 19 d756920dex993.htm EX-99.3 EX-99.3

Exhibit 99.3

 

LOGO

FinPro Capital Advisors, Inc. 46 EAST MAIN STREET • SUITE 303 • SOMERVILLE, NJ 08876 • P: (908) 234-9398 AS OF FEBRUARY 14, 2024


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Table of Contents

Fidelity Bank

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

     1  

INTRODUCTION

     3  

1. OVERVIEW AND FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

     6  

GENERAL OVERVIEW

     6  

HISTORY AND OVERVIEW

     6  

STRATEGIC DIRECTION

     7  

BALANCE SHEET TRENDS

     7  

LOAN PORTFOLIO

     11  

INVESTMENTS

     12  

ASSET QUALITY

     14  

FUNDING COMPOSITION

     15  

ASSET LIABILITY MANAGEMENT

     16  

CAPITAL

     17  

INCOME AND EXPENSE TRENDS

     17  

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

     20  

SUBSIDIARIES

     20  

2. MARKET AREA ANALYSIS

     21  

3. COMPARISONS WITH PUBLICLY TRADED THRIFTS

     22  

OVERVIEW OF THE COMPARABLES

     25  

4. MARKET VALUE DETERMINATION

     27  

FINANCIAL CONDITION

     28  

BALANCE SHEET GROWTH

     32  

EARNINGS QUALITY, PREDICTABILITY AND GROWTH

     34  

MARKET AREA

     38  

CASH DIVIDENDS

     39  

RECENT REGULATORY MATTERS

     40  

5. OTHER FACTORS

     41  

MANAGEMENT

     41  

LIQUIDITY OF THE SHARES

     42  

MARKETING OF THE ISSUANCE

     43  

VALUATION ADJUSTMENTS

     45  


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6. VALUATION

     46  

DISCUSSION OF WEIGHT GIVEN TO VALUATION MULTIPLES

     46  

OFFERING VALUE IN RELATION TO COMPARABLES

     49  

COMPARISON TO RECENT STANDARD CONVERSIONS

     51  

VALUATION CONCLUSION

     52  

7. EXHIBITS

     53  


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Introduction

February 14, 2024

Board of Directors

Fidelity Bank

353 Carondelet Street

New Orleans, LA 70130

Members of the Board Directors:

At your request, FinPro Capital Advisors, Inc. (“FinPro” or “FCA”) has completed and hereby provides an independent appraisal (“Appraisal”) of the estimated pro forma market value of the common stock which is to be issued in connection with the mutual-to-stock conversion transaction described below.

This Appraisal is furnished pursuant to the requirements stipulated in the Code of Federal Regulations and has been prepared in accordance with the “Guidelines for Appraisal Reports for the Valuation of Savings and Loan Associations Converting from Mutual to Stock Form of Organization” (the “Valuation Guidelines”) of originally issued by the Office of Thrift Supervision (“OTS”) and accepted by the Federal Reserve Board (“FRB”), the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (“OCC”), the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), Louisiana Office of Financial Institutions and other state banking regulatory agencies, and applicable regulatory interpretations thereof.

Description of Plan of Conversion

The Board of Directors of Fidelity Bank (“Fidelity” or the “Bank”) has adopted the plan of conversion (the “Plan”); whereby the Bank will convert to stock form. As a result of the conversion, the Bank will convert to the stock form of ownership and issue all of its common stock to a to-be-formed holding company called FB Bancorp, Inc., a newly formed Maryland corporation, (“the Company”). It is our understanding that the Bank will offer its stock in a subscription and community offering to Eligible Account Holders, to the Employee Plans and to Supplemental Eligible Account Holders of the Bank. To the extent that shares remain available for purchase after satisfaction of all subscriptions received in the subscription offering, the shares may be offered for sale to members of the general public in a direct community offering and/or a syndicated community offering. A portion of the net proceeds received from the sale of the common stock will be used to purchase all of the then to be issued and outstanding capital stock of Fidelity and the balance of the net proceeds will be retained by the Company.

At this time, no other activities are contemplated for the Company other than the ownership of the Bank, a loan to the newly formed ESOP and reinvestment of the proceeds that are retained by the Bank. In the future, the Company may acquire or organize other operating subsidiaries, diversify into other banking-related activities, pay dividends, or repurchase its stock, although there are no specific plans to undertake such activities at the present time. The plan of conversion will not provide for the establishment of a new charitable foundation.


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In compiling the pro formas, FinPro relied upon the assumptions provided by the Bank and its agents. The pro forma assumptions are as follows:

 

   

100.0% of the total shares will be sold to the depositors and public,

 

   

the stock will be issued at $10.00 per share,

 

   

the conversion expenses will be $3.0 million at the midpoint, including the placement agent fee,

 

   

there will be an ESOP equal to 8.0% of the shares sold, funded internally, and amortized over 25 years straight-line,

 

   

there will be an MRP equal to 4.0% of the shares sold, amortized over 5 years straight-line,

 

   

there will be a Stock Option Plan equal to 10% of the shares sold, expensed at $3.72 per option over 5 years straight-line,

 

   

the tax rate is assumed at 19.0%, and

 

   

the net proceeds will be invested at the one-year treasury rate of 4.9%, pre-tax.

In the course of preparing our report, we reviewed the Bank’s financials for the years ended December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022. We also reviewed the registration statement as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). We have conducted due diligence analysis of the Bank and held due diligence related discussions with the Bank’s Management and Board and Luse Gorman, PC (the Bank’s counsel). The valuation parameters set forth in the appraisal were predicated on these discussions, but all conclusions related to the valuation were reached and made independent of such discussions.

Where appropriate, we considered information based upon other publicly available sources, which we believe to be reliable; however, we cannot guarantee the accuracy or completeness of such information. We reviewed the Bank’s primary market area and reviewed the market area’s economic condition. We also reviewed the competitive environment in which the Bank operates and its relative strengths and weaknesses. We compared the Bank’s performance with selected publicly traded institutions. We reviewed conditions in the securities markets in general and in the market for similar institutions in particular. Our analysis included a review of the estimated effects of the Conversion of the Bank on the operations and expected financial performance as they related to the Bank’s estimated pro forma value.

In preparing our valuation, we relied upon and assumed the accuracy and completeness of financial and other information provided to us by the Bank and its independent accountants. We did not independently verify the financial statements and other information provided by the Bank and its independent accountants, nor did we independently value any of the Bank’s assets or liabilities. This estimated valuation considers the Bank only as a going concern and should not be considered as an indication of its liquidation value.

Our valuation is not intended, and must not be construed, to be a recommendation of any kind as the advisability of purchasing shares of Common Stock in the stock issuance. Moreover, because such valuation is necessarily based upon estimates and projections of a number of matters, all of which are subject to change from time to time, no assurance can be given that persons who purchase shares of Common Stock in the stock issuance will thereafter be able to sell such shares at prices related to the foregoing valuation of the pro forma market value thereof. FinPro is not a seller of securities within the meaning of any federal or state securities laws. Any report prepared by FinPro shall not be used as an offer or solicitation with respect to the purchase or sale of any securities.


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The estimated valuation herein will be updated as appropriate. These updates will consider, among other factors, any developments or changes in the Bank’s financial condition, operating performance, management policies and procedures and current conditions in the securities market for thrift institution common stock. Should any such developments or changes, in our opinion, be material to the estimated pro forma market value of the Bank, appropriate adjustments to the estimated pro forma market value will be made. The reasons for any such adjustments will be explained at that time.

Valuation Conclusion

It is, FinPro’s opinion that as of February 14, 2024, the estimated aggregate pro forma market value of the Bank was $150,000,000 at the midpoint of a range with a minimum of $127,500,000 to a maximum of $172,500,000 at 15% below and 15% above the midpoint of the range respectively. Assuming an adjusted maximum value of 15% above the maximum value, the adjusted maximum value or super maximum value is $198,375,000. The stock will be issued at $10.00 per share.

FinPro Capital Advisors

FinPro Capital Advisors, Inc. (“FCA” or “FinPro”) is a registered broker dealer and is a wholly owned subsidiary of FinPro, Inc. FCA addresses numerous areas of capital markets in the heavily regulated financial institution industry including M&A advisory, capital raising, strategic advice, valuation, due diligence, accounting, mark-to-market, enterprise risk management, business planning and regulatory advice. FCA further specializes in financial valuations and analyses of business enterprises and securities, including the pro forma valuation for savings institutions converting from mutual-to-stock form. We believe that, except for the fee we will receive for the Appraisal to assist in the stock conversion process, we are independent of the Bank, Fidelity Bank and the other parties engaged by Fidelity Bank.


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1. Overview and Financial Analysis

 

GENERAL OVERVIEW

As of December 31, 2023, the Bank had $1.1 billion in total assets, $769 million in deposits, $659 million in loans held for investment, $23 million in loans held for sale at fair value, and $157 million in equity. The following table shows the Bank’s facilities.

Figure– List of Branch Offices

 

US Branch List for Fidelity Bank

 

Street Address

   City    State      2023
Deposits ($000)
     2022
Deposits ($000)
     2018
Deposits ($000)
     2022-2023
Growth Rate (%)
    2018-2023
Growth Rate (%)
 

1001 Julia St

   New Orleans      LA        7,099        9,610        NA        (26.13     NA  

1201 S Carrollton Ave

   New Orleans      LA        41,978        50,083        29,588        (16.18     41.88  

1220 Veterans Blvd

   Metairie      LA        0        0        0        NA       NA  

149 Allen Toussaint Blvd

   New Orleans      LA        32,661        48,656        34,509        (32.87     (5.36

1811 Metairie Ave

   Metairie      LA        38,543        43,656        35,297        (11.71     9.20  

1888 Belle Chasse Hwy

   Gretna      LA        27,102        31,821        23,575        (14.83     14.96  

1901 Gause Blvd E

   Slidell      LA        38,048        46,593        34,473        (18.34     10.37  

2201 N Highway 190

   Covington      LA        43,425        43,375        31,384        .12       38.37  

2550 Florida St

   Mandeville      LA        38,396        40,774        21,173        (5.83     81.34  

2729 Prytania St

   New Orleans      LA        8,413        2,129        NA        295.16       NA  

3511 General Degaulle Dr

   New Orleans      LA        20,531        22,920        16,797        (10.42     22.23  

353 Carondelet St

   New Orleans      LA        152,722        108,922        89,235        40.21       71.15  

3720 Williams Blvd

   Kenner      LA        46,088        56,687        44,238        (18.70     4.18  

3829 Veterans Blvd

   Metairie      LA        167,427        206,098        143,307        (18.76     16.83  

500 C M Fagan Dr

   Hammond      LA        29,482        31,347        9,040        (5.95     226.13  

5530 Crowder Blvd

   New Orleans      LA        29,803        33,649        25,934        (11.43     14.92  

5643 Corporate Blvd

   Baton Rouge      LA        18,605        19,753        10,357        (5.81     79.64  

6920 Bluebonnet Blvd

   Baton Rouge      LA        NA        NA        NA        NA       NA  

9099 Jefferson Hwy

   River Ridge      LA        70,183        75,086        48,799        (6.53     43.82  

Source: S&P Global

 

HISTORY AND OVERVIEW

Fidelity Bank is a bank. Fidelity Bank was formed on December 28, 1908, and is historically a mutual institution chartered by the Office of Financial Institutions (OFI). The Bank’s original name was Fidelity Homestead Association, the term “Homestead” was only used in Louisiana when referring to a savings and loan. From its inception, the savings and loan business were concerned with thrift and home ownership by individual savers and borrowers. In July 2007, the name Fidelity Homestead Association, was officially changed to Fidelity Homestead Savings Bank, which allowed the bank to offer even more quality products and services. In January 2014 the Bank purchased NOLA Lending Group, LLC. NOLA was a leader in providing secondary market home financing solutions to the communities they serve. With offices in Louisiana, and Florida, the acquisition expanded the Bank’s presence across the Gulf Coast region. In December 2014, the name Fidelity Homestead Savings Bank, was officially changed to Fidelity Bank, which aligned the bank name with the products and services offered to the communities, and customers, served.


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Fidelity Bank considers the Metropolitan Statistical Areas (“MSAs”), of New Orleans-Metairie-Hammond and Baton Rouge to be our primary market areas for originating loans and gathering deposits. Fidelity Bank’s branch offices are located in the Parish of East Baton Rouge, located within the Baton Rouge MSA, and the Parishes of Jefferson, Orleans, St. Tammany, and Tangipahoa, which are encompassed within the New Orleans-Metairie-Hammond MSA.

The Bank’s business consists primarily of taking deposits from the general public and investing those deposits, together with funds generated from operations, in one- to four-family residential mortgage loans secured by properties located in the Bank’s primary market area. The Bank also originate residential construction loans, commercial real estate loans, commercial loans, home equity loans and lines of credit, and consumer loans.

The Bank operates 18 full-service branches and two drive-up branches in Southern Louisiana. The Bank’s primary lending products are real-estate residential, real-estate commercial, and consumer loans. The Bank’s primary deposit products are certificates of deposit and demand deposit accounts. In January 2014, the Bank acquired the net assets of NOLA Lending Group (“NOLA”) as a fully-owned division of the Bank. NOLA originates, primarily for resale, residential mortgages in Southern Louisiana, the Florida panhandle, and Mississippi.

 

STRATEGIC DIRECTION

The Bank’s mission is to operate and further expand a profitable and diversified banking franchise. It plans to achieve this by executing its strategy of:

 

   

continued growth and profitability,

 

   

retain and attract qualified personnel, and

 

   

offer customers competitive banking products along with services.

 

BALANCE SHEET TRENDS

The Bank’s balance sheet increased by approximately $118 million, or -11.7%, from $1.01 billion on December 31, 2022, to $1.12 billion on December 31, 2023.

The Bank’s total deposits decreased by $22.2 million, or 2.8%, from $791.5 million on December 31, 2022, to $769.3 million on December 31, 2023.

The Bank’s total equity increased by $4.7 million, or 3.3%, from $152.0 million on December 31, 2022, to $156.7 million on December 31, 2023. The Bank’s capital ratios declined from December 31, 2022, to December 31, 2023 and remained well above regulatory well-capitalized standards.

From December 31, 2022, to $1.12 billion on December 31, 2023, Loan Held for Sale, at Fair Value grew, continuing to highlight the Bank’s mortgage operations.


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Figure– Balance Sheet Trends

FIDELITY BANK

BALANCE SHEETS

DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022

ASSETS

 

     2023     2022  
   (dollars in thousands)  

Cash and due from banks

   $ 5,795     $ 8,137  

Interest-bearing deposits at other financial institutions

     81,313       52,600  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total cash and cash equivalents

     87,108       60,737  

Securities available for sale

     249,898       270,118  

Derivative assets

     184       384  

Loans held for sale, at fair value

     22,576       17,110  

Loans held for investment, net

     659,481       548,831  

Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost

     4,106       2,555  

Bank owned life insurance

     14,640       14,337  

Accrued interest receivable

     5,506       4,658  

Premises and equipment, net

     51,455       46,832  

Other real estate owned

     815       139  

Goodwill

     5,786       5,786  

Mortgage servicing rights

     2,231       8,900  

Other assets

     21,146       26.880  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 1,124,932     $ 1,007,267  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

 

Deposits:

    

Non-interest bearing

   $ 142,032     $ 174,553  

Interest bearing

     627,256       616,975  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total deposits

     769,288       791,528  

Advances by borrowers for taxes and insurance

     11,774       14,157  

Other borrowings

     172,200       30,100  

Accrued interest payable

     524       20  

Other liabilities

     14,409       19,443  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities

     968,195       855,248  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Equity:

    

Retained earnings

     172,126       171,008  

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

     (15,389     (18,989
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total equity

     156,737       152,019  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities and equity

   $ 1,124,932     $ 1,007,267  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Source: Fidelity Bank Financial Statements


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Figure– Key Ratios

 

     At or For the
Year Ended
December 31,
 
   2023     2022  

Performance Ratios:

  

Return on average assets (1)

     0.11     0.20

Return on average equity (2)

     0.73     1.31

Interest rate spread (3)

     4.37     4.23

Net interest margin (4)

     4.72     4.32

Non-interest expense to average assets

     2.39     2.11

Efficiency ratio (5)

     96.96     97.33

Average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities

     132.20     138.52

Capital Ratios:

  

Total risk-based capital

     23.52     25.68

Tier 1 risk-based capital

     22.67     24.60

Common equity Tier 1 risk-based capital

     22.67     24.60

Tier 1 leverage capital

     14.80     15.83

Average equity to average assets

     14.64     15.11

Asset Quality Ratios:

  

Allowance for credit losses to total loans (6)

     0.90     1.27

Allowance for credit losses to non-performing loans

     80.93     147.46

Net (charge-offs) recoveries to average outstanding loans

     (0.27 )%      (0.09 )% 

Non-performing loans to total loans

     1.11     0.86

Non-performing loans to total assets

     0.68     0.49

Total non-performing assets to total assets

     0.75     0.51

Other:

  

Number of offices

     18       17  

Number of full-time equivalent employees

     366       387  

 

 

(1)

Represents net income divided by average total assets.

(2)

Represents net income divided by average equity.

(3)

Represents the difference between the weighted average yield on average interest-earning assets and the weighted average cost of average interest-bearing liabilities.

(4)

Represents net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets.

(5)

Represents non-interest expense divided by the sum of net interest and dividend income and non-interest income.

(6)

Total loans includes loans held for investment and loans held for sale.

Source: Prospectus


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Figure– Other Financial Metrics

 

     At December 31,  
     2023      2022  
     (In thousands)  

Selected Financial Condition Data:

     

Total assets

   $ 1,124,932      $ 1,007,267  

Total cash and cash equivalents

     87,108        60,737  

Securities available for sale

     249,898        270,118  

Loans held for sale, at fair value

     22,576        17,110  

Loans held for investment, net

     659,481        548,831  

Total deposits

     769,288        791,528  

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

     52,200        30,100  

Federal Reserve Term Funding

     120,000        —   

Total equity

     156,800        152,019  

 

     For the Years Ended December 31,  
     2023      2022  
     (In thousands)  

Selected Operating Data:

     

Total interest and dividend income

   $ 54,298      $ 43,810  

Total interest expense

     10,130        2,244  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net interest income

     44,168        41,566  

Provision/(benefit) for credit losses

     649        (396
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net interest income after provision for credit losses

     43,519        41,962  

Total non-interest income

     24,925        22,541  

Total non-interest expense

     66,996        62,398  

Net income before income taxes

     1,448        2,105  

Income tax expense/(benefit)

     330        (5

Net income

   $ 1,118      $ 2,110  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Source: Prospectus


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LOAN PORTFOLIO

The Bank offers mortgage, commercial and consumer loans to customers. A substantial portion of the loan portfolio is represented by loans in Southeast Louisiana.

As of December 31, 2023, the Bank had both loans held for investment and loans held for sale at fair value given the Bank’s mortgage operations. Of loans held for investment, $246.7 million of loans secured by one- to four-family residential real estate, representing 40.1% of total loans receivable. As of December 31, 2023, the Bank had $275.9 million in commercial loans, representing 41.8% of total loans. As of December 31, 2023, the Bank had $126.1 million in consumer loans, representing 19.1% of total loans receivable. Total loans receivable increased by $110.7 million, or 20.2%, to $659.5 million as of December 31, 2023, from $548.8 million on December 31, 2022.

Additionally, in 2023, the Bank grew fixed rate residential mortgages by $23.6 million or 34.0% compared to the prior year. The Bank also grew commercial real estate loans by $37.1 million or 21.9% from the prior year.


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Figure – Loan Composition

The components of loans were as follows at December 31:

 

     2023      2022  
     (dollars in thousands)  

Residential mortgage loans (1-4 family):

     

Fixed

   $ 94,267      $ 70,659  

Variable

     154,630        143,312  

Construction

     15,764        686  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total residential mortgage loans

     264,661        214,657  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Commercial loans

     

Real estate

     206,267        169,144  

SBA Paycheck Protection Program

     566        833  

Other

     69,053        65,305  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total commercial loans

     275,886        235,282  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Consumer loans:

     

Home equity

     98,331        85,485  

Other consumer

     27,740        21,416  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total consumer loans

     126,071        106,901  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
     666,618        556,840  

Less:

     

Undisbursed portion of mortgage loans

     (118      (54

Net deferred loan costs (fees)

     (816      (657

Allowance for credit losses

     (6,203      (7,298
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total loans receivable

   $ 659,481      $ 548,831  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Source: Offering Prospectus

 

INVESTMENTS

The Bank’s investment portfolio is held 100% as available for sale securities. The Bank’s investment portfolio generally consists of US government sponsored agencies, mortgage-backed securities and corporate bonds.


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Investment securities decreased $20.2 million, or 7.4%, to $249.9 million at December 31, 2023, from $20.1 million at December 31, 2022. Over 2023 the Bank experienced a net reduction in the gross unrealized losses of the investment portfolio, which was $24.2 million on December 31, 2022, reducing to $19.7 million at December 31, 2023. The unrealized losses noted are interest rate related. The Bank has not identified any issues related to the ultimate repayment of principal as a result of credit concerns on these securities. The Bank does not consider these securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2023. At year-end 2023 and 2022, there were no holdings of securities of any one issuer, other than the U.S. government and its agencies, in an amount greater than 10% of Bank equity. As of December 31, 2023 the Bank pledged approximately $170 million of securities, up from $26 million at the end of 2022.

securities sales were $17.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2023, and $14.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2023. These were offset by calls, maturities, as well as repayments of $43.8 million.

Figure– Investment Composition

 

     2023  
     Amortized
cost
     Gross
unrealized
gains
     Gross
unrealized
losses
     Fair value  

Available for sale:

           

U.S. government sponsored agencies

   $ 146,112      $ 175      $ 10,760      $ 135,527  

Mortgage-backed securities: residential

     85,902        52        7,159        78,795  

Corporate bonds

     37,298        —         1,787        35,511  

Small Business Administration

     66        —         1        65  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total available for sale

   $ 269,378      $ 227      $ 19,707      $ 249,898  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

                                                           
     2022  

Available for sale:

           

U.S. government sponsored agencies

   $ 168,619      $ 64      $ 14,173      $ 154,510  

Mortgage-backed securities: residential

     82,464        26        7,633        74,857  

Corporate bonds

     42,963        70        2,390        40,643  

Small Business Administration

     109        —         1        108  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total available for sale

   $ 294,155      $ 160      $ 24,197      $ 270,118  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Source: Offering Prospectus


   Page 14
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

ASSET QUALITY

Over the past year the Bank has seen a decline in loan loss reserves to gross loans, declining to 0.90% as of December 31, 2023, from 1.27% as of December 31, 2022. The Bank has strong coverage to both non-performing loans and non-accrual loans as measured by the allowance for loan losses. The Bank has had charge-offs rise over the course of 2023, to 0.27%. Please see the Key Ratio Trends table for further details.

As of December 31, 2023 the Bank has seen the level of special mention and substandard loans rise, while doubtful and loss loans have declined. Non-accrual loans have also risen over 2023, to be $7.7 million.

Figure– Non-Performing Asset Composition

 

     December 31, 2023  
     Pass      Special
Mention
     Substandard      Doubtful      Loss      Total  

1-4 Family Residential

   $ 242,271      $ 356      $ 6,270      $ —       $ —         248,897  

Construction

     13,764        —         —         —         —         15,764  

Commercial Real Estate

     195,050        9,394        1,823        —         —         206,267  

SBA Paycheck Protection Program

     566        —         —         —         —         566  

Other Commercial

     64,829        1,775        2,008        18        423        69,053  

Home Equity

     96,802        66        1,426        33        4        98,331  

Other Consumer Loans

     27,693        27        20        —         —         27,740  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Loans

   $ 642,975      $ 11,618      $ 11,547      $ 51      $ 427      $ 666,618  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

     December 31, 2022  
     Pass      Special
Mention
     Substandard      Doubtful      Loss      Total  

1-4 Family Residential

   $ 209,717      $ 116      $ 4,138      $ —       $ —         213,971  

Construction

     686        —         —         —         —         686  

Commercial Real Estate

     167,191        108        1,845        —         —         169,144  

SBA Paycheck Protection Program

     784        —         38        11        —         833  

Other Commercial

     63,767        311        714        306        207        65,305  

Home Equity

     84,348        101        1,001        35        —         85,485  

Other Consumer Loans

     21,190        83        63        65        15        21,416  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Loans

   $ 547,683      $ 719      $ 7,799      $ 417      $ 222      $ 556,840  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Source: Fidelity Bank Financial Statements


   Page 15
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

FUNDING COMPOSITION

Deposits decreased by $22.2 million, or 2.8%, to $769.3 million at December 31, 2023 from $791.5 million at December 31, 2022. Non-maturity deposits (Negotiable Order of Withdrawal (NOW), Savings and Money Market accounts) decreased by $119.4 million or 19.1% from December 31, 2022, to December 31, 2023. Maturity deposits (CDs, Wholesale and Brokered Deposits) grew by $97.2 million or 57.8% from December 31, 2022, to December 31, 2023. Wholesale and brokered deposits have grown by $58.1 million from December 31, 2022, to December 31, 2023.

The weighted average interest rate on depositor accounts as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 was 1.23% and 0.21%, respectively. Included in deposits are certificates of deposit in amounts greater than $250,000 totaling $23 million of account balance and approximately $891 thousand in annual interest expenses for December 31, 2023 and $10 million of account balance and approximately $71 thousand in annual interest expense for December 31, 2022.

The Bank’s CDs are generally short to intermediate terms with 73.7% scheduled to mature in 2024.

Figure– Deposit Composition and Time Deposit Maturity Schedule

 

     2023      2022      $ Variance      Variance  

NOW

     268,379        321,107      ($ 52,728      -16.5

Savings

     127,213        167,402      ($ 40,189      -23.9

Money Market

     108,778        135,255      ($ 26,477      -19.2
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Non-maturity

     504,370        623,764      ($ 119,394      -19.1

CDs

     174,362        135,309      $ 39,053        28.8

Wholesale and Brokered Deposits

     90,556        32,455      $ 58,101        178.7
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total Time Deposits

     264,918        167,764      $ 97,154        57.8

Total Deposits

     769,288        791,528      ($ 22,240      -2.8

Source: Fidelity Bank Financial Statements

At December 31, 2023, the Bank had $52.2 million of outstanding borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank, rising $22.1 million or 73.1% from December 31, 2022. At December 31, 2022, the Bank had the capacity to borrow $314 million from the Federal Home Loan Bank as part of a blanked lien on first mortgage loans and cash and investments held with the FHLB.

As of December 31, 2023, the Bank had $120 million borrowed from the Federal Reserve’s Bank Term Funding Program. The borrowing carries a fixed rate of 4.84%, matures December 24, 2024, and is prepayable at any time. Collateral for borrowings is the par value of investment securities.


   Page 16
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

ASSET LIABILITY MANAGEMENT

The following chart provides the Bank’s estimated net portfolio value at various interest rate shock scenarios as measured by Economic Value of Equity (EVE) and Net Interest Income (NII). The Bank’s starting flat rate EVE ratio of 20.15% is strong. The Bank is liability sensitive as the Bank’s EVE ratio declines in rising rate scenarios and increases as rates decline. The Bank’s NII results display decline in NII as rates rise and minimal impact to declining rates.

Figure– EVE Results as of December 31, 2022

 

At December 31, 2023

 

Change in Interest Rates (basis points) (1)

   Estimated
EVE (2)
     Estimated Increase (Decrease) in
EVE
    EVE as a Percentage of Present
Value of Assets (3)
 
   Amount     Percent     EVE Ratio (4)     Increase
(Decrease)
(basis
points)
 
(Dollars in thousands)  
400    $ 147,067      $ (79,678     (35.1 )%      12.85     (730
300      169,590        (57,155     (25.2 )%      14.81     (534
200      190,219        (36,526     (16.1 )%      16.62     (353
100      209,871        (16,874     (7.4 )%      18.33     (182
—       226,745        —        —      20.15     —   
(100)      241,035        14,290       6.3     21.06     91  
(200)      248,684        21,939       9.7     21.72     157  

 

(1)

Assumes an immediate uniform change in interest rates at all maturities.

(2)

EVE is the discounted present value of expected cash flows from assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet contracts.

(3)

Present value of assets represents the discounted present value of incoming cash flows on interest-earning assets.

(4)

EVE Ratio represents EVE divided by the present value of assets.

Source: Offering Prospectus


   Page 17
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

Figure– NII Results as of December 31, 2022

 

At December 31, 2023

 

Change in Interest Rates

(basis points) (1)

   NII Year 1 Forecast      Year 1 Change from Level  
(Dollars in thousands)  

+400

   $ 36,405        (16.60 )% 

+300

     39,343        (9.87 )% 

+200

     41,669        (4.54 )% 

+100

     43,114        (1.23 )% 

Level

     43,651        — 

(100)

     43,498        (0.35 )% 

(200)

     42,804        (1.94 )% 

 

(1)

Assumes an immediate uniform change in interest rates at all maturities.

Source: Offering Prospectus

 

CAPITAL

Total equity increased $4.7 million, or 3.3%, to $156.7 million at December 31, 2023 from $152.0 million at December 31, 2022. The increase resulted from net income of $1.1 million and decline in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income during the twelve months ended December 31, 2023.

 

INCOME AND EXPENSE TRENDS

The Bank’s net income has trended downwards between the twelve months ended December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022. The decrease is predominately attributable to higher levels of non-interest expenses offset slightly by growth of net interest income and non-interest income. Growth of non-interest expenses was experienced primarily in rises in data processing, net and other general and administrative expenses. During this time frame net interest income rose from $41.6 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022, to $44.2 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023.


   Page 18
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

Figure– Income Statement Trends

FIDELITY BANK

STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022

 

     2023     2022  
     (dollars in thousands)  

Interest income

  

Interest and fees on loans

   $ 43,287     $ 35,481  

Interest and dividends on investment securities

     9,278       5,927  

Interest on deposits in other banks

     1,733       2,402  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total interest and dividend income

     54,298       43,810  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Interest expense

    

Deposits

     6,762       1,797  

Borrowed funds

     3,368       447  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total interest expense

     10,130       2,244  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net interest income

     44,168       41,566  

Provision for credit losses

     649       (396
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net interest income after provision for credit losses

     43,519       41,962  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-interest income

    

Service charges and fee income from deposit accounts

     3,160       3,547  

Gain on sale of mortgage loans

     12,526       14,477  

Gain (loss) on sales and disposal of assets

     (1     9  

Gain on sale of available for sale securities

     66       135  

Gain on sale of mortgage servicing rights

     5,318       —   

Other non-interest income

     3,856       4,373  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total non-interest income

     24,925       22,541  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-interest expenses

    

Salaries and employee benefits

     40,729       41,953  

Occupancy and equipment

     8,067       8,238  

Directors’ fees

     806       748  

Data processing

     4,683       3,665  

Advertising and marketing

     1,755       1,785  

Mortgage servicing rights amortization

     1,763       3,079  

Hedging activity, net

     247       (4,904

Other general and administrative

     8,946       7,834  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total non-interest expenses

     66,996       62,398  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income before income taxes

     1,448       2,105  

Income tax expense (benefit)

     330       (5
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

   $ 1,118     $ 2,110  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Source: Fidelity Bank Financials


   Page 19
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

Figure– Rate Volume Analysis

 

     For the Year Ended December 31,  
     2023     2022  
     Average
Outstanding
Balance
    Interest      Average
Yield/Rate
    Average
Outstanding
Balance
    Interest      Average
Yield/Rate
 
     (Dollars in thousands)  

Interest-earning assets:

              

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 38,685     $ 1,733        4.48   $ 200,476     $ 2,402        1.20

Securities

     259,311       9,278        3.58     197,537       5,927        3.00

Loans

     611,317       41,679        6.82     526,578       33,825        6.42

Loans available for sale

     26,098       1,608        6.16     38,382       1,656        4.31
  

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

   

 

 

    

Total earning assets

     935,411       54,298        5.80     962,973       43,810        4.55

Non-interest-earning assets:

              

Cash and cash equivalents

     6,714            6,982       

Fixed assets

     49,960            46,914       

Allowance for loan losses

     (6,332          (7,926     

Other

     56,562            58,102       

Total non-interest-earning assets

     106,905            104,073       
  

 

 

        

 

 

      

Total assets

   $ 1,042,316          $ 1,067,045       
  

 

 

        

 

 

      

Interest-bearing liabilities:

              

Interest-bearing demand deposits

   $ 131,764       136        0.10   $ 149,695       102        0.07

Interest-bearing savings and money markets

     262,711       1,091        0.42     326,618       469        0.14

Certificates of deposit

     232,260       5,535        2.38     185,193       1,226        0.66
  

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

   

 

 

    

Total interest-bearing deposits

     626,735       6,762        1.08     661,507       1,797        0.27

Interest-bearing borrowings

     80,831       3,368        4.17     33,659       447        1.33
  

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

   

 

 

    

Total interest-bearing liabilities

     707,567       10,130        1.43     695,166       2,244        0.32

Non-interest:

              

Demand deposits

     173,927            205,346       

Other liabilities

     8,197            5,348       
  

 

 

        

 

 

      

Total non-interest liabilities

     182,124            210,694       

Total equity

     152,626            161,186       
  

 

 

        

 

 

      

Total liabilities and equity

   $ 1,042,316          $ 1,067,045       
  

 

 

        

 

 

      

Net interest income

     $ 44,168          $ 41,566     
    

 

 

        

 

 

    


   Page 20
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

Net interest-earning assets (1)

   $ 308,676          $ 301,466       
  

 

 

        

 

 

      

Net interest rate spread (2)

          4.37          4.23

Net yield on interest-earning assets

          4.72          4.32

Average interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities

     1.32x            1.39x       

Average equity to assets

     14.64          15.11     

 

(1)

Net interest-earning assets represent total interest-earning assets less total interest-bearing liabilities.

(2)

Net interest rate spread represents the difference between the weighted average yield on interest-earning assets and the weighted average rate of interest-bearing liabilities.

Source: Offering Prospectus

 

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

As of December 31, 2023, the Bank was not party to any material pending legal proceedings that management believes would have a material adverse effect on the Bank’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

 

SUBSIDIARIES

The Bank does not have any subsidiaries.

Upon completion of the conversion and stock offering, Fidelity Bank will become the sole and wholly-owned subsidiary of FB Bancorp. Fidelity Bank has no subsidiaries.


   Page 21
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

2. Market Area Analysis

The following tables provide deposit and demographic data for the counties in which the Bank has branches.

Figure– Deposit Market Share

 

Market Share Data*

 
                    2023     2022  

Institution (ST)

 

Type

  2023
Rank
    2022
Rank
    Number of
Branches
    Total
Deposits In
Market ($000)
    Total Market
Share (%)
    Total
Deposits In
Market ($000)
    Total Market
Share (%)
 

Jefferson, LA (Parish)

               

Hancock Whitney Corp. (MS)

  Bank     1       1       13       3,169,531       21.53       3,477,264       22.05  

JPMorgan Chase & Co. (NY)

  Bank     2       2       11       2,538,199       17.24       2,708,340       17.17  

Capital One Financial Corp. (VA)

  Bank     3       3       9       2,080,699       14.13       2,707,962       17.17  

Regions Financial Corp. (AL)

  Bank     4       4       10       1,806,921       12.27       1,440,123       9.13  

CB&T Holding Corp. (LA)

  Bank HC     5       6       1       1,063,185       7.22       884,816       5.61  

Gulf Coast B&TC (LA)

  Comm’l Bank     6       5       7       979,253       6.65       1,019,660       6.47  

First Horizon Corp. (TN)

  Bank     7       7       8       666,465       4.53       832,674       5.28  

MBT Bancshares Inc. (LA)

  Bank     8       8       7       456,190       3.10       523,393       3.32  

Fidelity Bank (LA)

  Savings Bank     9       9       6       349,343       2.37       413,348       2.62  

Home Bancorp Inc. (LA)

  Bank     10       10       4       296,634       2.01       386,453       2.45  

Total For Institutions In Market

          103       14,724,596         15,771,338    

Orleans, LA (Parish)

               

Capital One Financial Corp. (VA)

  Bank     1       1       7       9,628,551       46.19       9,453,258       42.96  

JPMorgan Chase & Co. (NY)

  Bank     2       3       11       3,904,594       18.73       3,955,127       17.97  

Hancock Whitney Corp. (MS)

  Bank     3       2       11       3,500,311       16.79       4,161,691       18.91  

First Horizon Corp. (TN)

  Bank     4       4       8       1,188,758       5.70       1,449,105       6.59  

Gulf Coast B&TC (LA)

  Comm’l Bank     5       5       5       608,245       2.92       710,041       3.23  

Liberty Finl Services Inc. (LA)

  Bank HC     6       7       6       590,662       2.83       536,340       2.44  

Regions Financial Corp. (AL)

  Bank     7       6       6       511,207       2.45       590,318       2.68  

Fidelity Bank (LA)

  Savings Bank     8       9       7       293,207       1.41       275,969       1.25  

BancPlus Corp. (MS)

  Bank     9       8       3       165,755       0.80       449,451       2.04  

Fifth District SB (LA)

  Thrift     10       10       2       143,840       0.69       138,232       0.63  

Total For Institutions In Market

          78       20,843,600         22,004,118    

Saint Tammany, LA (Parish)

               

Hancock Whitney Corp. (MS)

  Bank     1       1       9       1,671,180       22.06       1,521,339       18.86  

JPMorgan Chase & Co. (NY)

  Bank     2       2       6       1,366,621       18.04       1,497,824       18.57  

Capital One Financial Corp. (VA)

  Bank     3       3       4       963,269       12.71       1,223,713       15.17  

Regions Financial Corp. (AL)

  Bank     4       4       4       696,885       9.20       1,012,598       12.55  

Resource Bankshares Inc. (LA)

  Bank HC     5       5       6       630,533       8.32       680,406       8.44  

Gulf Coast B&TC (LA)

  Comm’l Bank     6       6       4       470,401       6.21       464,635       5.76  

BancPlus Corp. (MS)

  Bank     7       9       2       295,259       3.90       183,795       2.28  

Home Bancorp Inc. (LA)

  Bank     8       7       6       229,683       3.03       253,170       3.14  

First Horizon Corp. (TN)

  Bank     9       8       3       208,372       2.75       235,052       2.91  

Bus. First Bancshares Inc. (LA)

  Bank     10       11       1       169,535       2.24       136,204       1.69  

Fidelity Bank (LA)

  Savings Bank     14       13       3       119,869       1.58       130,742       1.62  

Total For Institutions In Market

          76       7,576,199         8,065,993    

Tangipahoa, LA (Parish)

               

First Guaranty Bancshares Inc. (LA)

  Bank     1       1       7       1,144,754       41.23       1,057,640       36.99  

Hancock Whitney Corp. (MS)

  Bank     2       2       5       499,199       17.98       514,005       17.97  

The First Bancshares (MS)

  Bank     3       3       4       242,431       8.73       313,786       10.97  

Regions Financial Corp. (AL)

  Bank     4       4       4       230,561       8.30       251,949       8.81  

BancPlus Corp. (MS)

  Bank     5       6       2       183,051       6.59       186,093       6.51  

Capital One Financial Corp. (VA)

  Bank     6       5       2       159,893       5.76       187,537       6.56  

JPMorgan Chase & Co. (NY)

  Bank     7       7       1       136,310       4.91       153,289       5.36  

Investar Holding Corp. (LA)

  Bank     8       8       1       52,420       1.89       52,225       1.83  

Gulf Coast B&TC (LA)

  Comm’l Bank     9       9       1       38,930       1.40       44,571       1.56  

Fidelity Bank (LA)

  Savings Bank     10       11       1       29,482       1.06       31,347       1.10  

Total For Institutions In Market

          32       2,776,480         2,859,592    

East Baton Rouge, LA (Parish)

               

JPMorgan Chase & Co. (NY)

  Bank     1       1       18       8,594,189       42.50       9,421,851       43.28  

Capital One Financial Corp. (VA)

  Bank     2       2       7       3,147,592       15.57       3,677,854       16.89  

Hancock Whitney Corp. (MS)

  Bank     3       3       15       2,186,250       10.81       2,506,855       11.52  

First Horizon Corp. (TN)

  Bank     4       5       6       1,348,731       6.67       1,355,207       6.23  

Regions Financial Corp. (AL)

  Bank     5       4       14       1,196,213       5.92       1,435,918       6.60  

Bus. First Bancshares Inc. (LA)

  Bank     6       6       4       1,120,588       5.54       762,939       3.50  

Investar Holding Corp. (LA)

  Bank     7       7       4       647,416       3.20       547,797       2.52  

Red River Bancshares Inc. (LA)

  Bank     8       8       5       461,377       2.28       544,535       2.50  

Zachary Bancshares Inc. (LA)

  Bank HC     9       9       3       327,390       1.62       348,019       1.60  

Cadence Bank (MS)

  Bank     10       11       3       178,622       0.88       179,690       0.83  

Fidelity Bank (LA)

  Savings Bank     25       25       2       18,605       0.09       19,753       0.09  

Total For Institutions In Market

          116       20,219,775         21,770,267    

 

*

The market share data displayed is for Fidelity Bank

Source: S&P Global


   Page 22
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

Figure– County Demographics

 

County

  Market
Rank
    Number
of
Branches
    Deposits In
Market
($000)
    Deposit
Market
Share (%)
    Percent of
State
Franchise
(%)
    Percent of
National
Franchise
(%)
    2024
Total
Population
(Actual)
    2020-2024
Population
Change (%)
    2024-2029
Projected
Population
Change (%)
    2024
Median
Household
Income ($)
    2024-2029
Projected HH
Income Change
(%)
 

Louisiana (LA)

                     

Jefferson

    9       6       349,343       2.37       43.10       43.10       422,554       (4.14     (2.42     61,009       5.93  

Orleans

    8       7       293,207       1.41       36.18       36.18       369,720       (3.72     (1.27     49,711       10.85  

Saint Tammany

    14       3       119,869       1.58       14.79       14.79       278,168       5.14       5.05       72,244       4.18  

Tangipahoa

    10       1       29,482       1.06       3.64       3.64       139,121       4.48       4.49       56,496       7.29  

East Baton Rouge

    25       2       18,605       0.09       2.30       2.30       450,549       (1.36     (0.07     57,044       2.54  

LA Totals

      19       810,506         100.00       100.00       1,660,112          

Weighted Average:

                  (2.24     (0.59     58,328       7.42  

Louisiana

                     

Aggregate: Entire

                4,584,043       (1.58     (0.32     58,060       8.03  

State of Louisiana

                     

Aggregate:

                336,157,119       1.42       2.40       75,874       10.12  

National

                     

Source: S&P Global

3. Comparisons with Publicly Traded Thrifts

INTRODUCTION

This section presents an analysis of the Bank’s operations against a selected group (“Comparable Group”) of publicly traded, fully converted thrifts. The Comparable Group was selected based upon similarity of characteristics to the Bank. The Comparable Group multiples provide the basis for the valuation of the Bank.

Factors that influence the Bank’s value such as balance sheet structure and size, profitability, income and expense trends, capital levels, credit risk, and recent operating results can be measured against the Comparable Group. The Comparable Group’s current market pricing, coupled with the appropriate aggregate adjustment for differences between the Bank and the Comparable Group, will then be utilized as the basis for the pro forma valuation of the Bank’s to-be-issued common stock.

SELECTION CRITERIA

The goal of the selection criteria process is to find those institutions with characteristics that most closely match those of the Bank. In an ideal world, all of the Comparable Group would contain the exact characteristics of the Bank. However, none of the Comparables selected will be exact clones of the Bank.

The Peer Group selection process is governed by the general parameters set forth in the regulatory valuation guidelines. Accordingly, the Peer Group is comprised of only those publicly traded savings institutions whose common stock is either listed on the NYSE or NASDAQ, since their stock trading activity is regularly reported and generally more frequent than non-publicly traded and closely-held institutions. Institutions that are not listed on the NYSE or NASDAQ are inappropriate, since the trading activity for thinly-traded or closely-held stocks are typically highly irregular in terms of frequency and price and thus may not be a reliable indicator of market value. We have also excluded from the Peer Group those companies under acquisition or merger of equals.


   Page 23
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

Ideally, the Peer Group, which must have at least 10 members to comply with the regulatory valuation guidelines, should be comprised of locally- or regionally-based institutions with comparable resources, strategies and financial characteristics. There are approximately 46 publicly-traded savings institutions nationally and, thus, it is typically the case that the Peer Group will be comprised of institutions with relatively comparable characteristics. To the extent that differences exist between the converting institution and the Peer Group, valuation adjustments will be applied to account for the differences. Since the Company will be a full public company upon completion of the offering, we considered only full public companies to be viable candidates for inclusion in the Peer Group. From the universe of publicly-traded thrifts, we selected institutions with characteristics similar to those of the Bank. In the selection process, we applied the following “screen” to the universe of all public companies that were eligible for consideration:

Next in the screening process, FinPro selected all fully converted thrifts located in the South West, South East, Mid-West Regions. This resulted in 31 organizations.

FinPro excluded institutions that have recently converted, as the earnings of newly converted institutions do not reflect a full year’s benefit from the reinvestment of proceeds, and thus the price/earnings multiples and return on equity measures for these institutions tend to be skewed upward and downward, respectively. As such, two institutions were excluded that converted after January 1, 2022, were eliminated.

Of the remaining 29, FinPro then eliminated 16 of the institutions with assets in less than $500 million or assets excess of $3.0 billion as these entities do not have comparable financial and managerial resources and branch networks.

FinPro eliminated one minority focused institution.

This results in a total of 12 for the Comparable Group. FinPro reviewed the recent performance and news releases of these companies and determined that all were acceptable for the Comparable Group.

Figure– Comparable Group

Corporate

 

Company Name

   Ticker      Exchange      IPO Date      Number of
Offices
   City      State  

1895 Bancorp of Wisconsin, Inc. (NASDAQCM:BCOW)

     BCOW        NASDAQCM        1/8/2019      6      Greenfield        WI  

Affinity Bancshares, Inc. (NASDAQCM:AFBI)

     AFBI        NASDAQCM        4/27/2017      3      Covington        GA  

Blue Foundry Bancorp (NASDAQGS:BLFY)

     BLFY        NASDAQGS        7/15/2021      21      Rutherford        NJ  

ESSA Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQGS:ESSA)

     ESSA        NASDAQGS        4/3/2007      22      Stroudsburg        PA  

Finward Bancorp (NASDAQCM:FNWD)

     FNWD        NASDAQCM        1/0/1900      26      Munster        IN  

HMN Financial, Inc. (NASDAQGM:HMNF)

     HMNF        NASDAQGM        6/30/1994      14      Rochester        MN  

Home Federal Bancorp, Inc. of Louisiana (NASDAQCM:HFBL)

     HFBL        NASDAQCM        1/18/2005      11      Shreveport        LA  

IF Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:IROQ)

     IROQ        NASDAQCM        7/7/2011      8      Watseka        IL  

Northeast Community Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:NECB)

     NECB        NASDAQCM        7/5/2006      12      White Plains        NY  

Ponce Financial Group, Inc. (NASDAQGM:PDLB)

     PDLB        NASDAQGM        9/29/2017      14      Bronx        NY  

Sterling Bancorp, Inc. (Southfield, MI) (NASDAQCM:SBT)

     SBT        NASDAQCM        11/16/2017      27      Southfield        MI  

William Penn Bancorporation (NASDAQCM:WMPN)

     WMPN        NASDAQCM        4/15/2008      13      Bristol        PA  

25% Percentile:

            10      

Median:

            14      

75% Percentile:

            21      

Source: S&P Global


   Page 24
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

List below provides a list of the institutions that were eliminated and included by the Comparable screens.

Figure– List of all Publicly-traded Savings Institutions

 

Entity Name

  

INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION

   Exchange    Merger Target    US Region    IPO Date      Total Assets
(Reported)
FQ32023
     Reason Eliminated  

NSTS Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:NSTS)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQCM    No    MW      01/18/2022        251,786        Recent Conversion  

Catalyst Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:CLST)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQCM    No    SW      10/12/2021        270,891        Outside Asset Range  

Generations Bancorp NY, Inc. (NASDAQCM:GBNY)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQCM    No    MA      07/10/2006        408,730        Outside Asset Range  

PB Bankshares, Inc. (NASDAQCM:PBBK)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQCM    No    MA      07/14/2021        409,212        Outside Asset Range  

Cullman Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:CULL)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQCM    No    SE      10/08/2009        417,315        Outside Asset Range  

TC Bancshares, Inc. (NASDAQCM:TCBC)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQCM    No    SE      07/20/2021        439,876        Outside Asset Range  

Central Plains Bancshares, Inc. (NASDAQCM:CPBI)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQCM    No    MW      10/19/2023        453,919        Outside Asset Range  

1895 Bancorp of Wisconsin, Inc. (NASDAQCM:BCOW)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQCM    No    MW      01/08/2019        554,576       
In Comparable
Group
 
 

First Seacoast Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:FSEA)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQCM    No    NE      07/16/2019        557,155        Out of Region  

Home Federal Bancorp, Inc. of Louisiana (NASDAQCM:HFBL)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQCM    No    SW      01/18/2005        654,188       
In Comparable
Group
 
 

Carver Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:CARV)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQCM    No    MA      10/24/1994        742,780       
Minority
Focused Institution
 
 

William Penn Bancorporation (NASDAQCM:WMPN)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQCM    No    MA      04/15/2008        826,031       
In Comparable
Group
 
 

Affinity Bancshares, Inc. (NASDAQCM:AFBI)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQCM    No    SE      04/27/2017        843,258       
In Comparable
Group
 
 

BV Financial, Inc. (NASDAQCM:BVFL)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQCM    No    MA      01/12/2005        885,254        Recent Conversion  

IF Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:IROQ)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQCM    No    MW      07/07/2011        910,783       
In Comparable
Group
 
 

HMN Financial, Inc. (NASDAQGM:HMNF)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQGM    No    MW      06/30/1994        1,107,135       
In Comparable
Group
 
 

ECB Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:ECBK)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQCM    No    NE      07/27/2022        1,213,762        Out of Region  

Broadway Financial Corporation (NASDAQCM:BYFC)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQCM    No    WE      01/08/1996        1,231,372        Out of Region  

Provident Financial Holdings, Inc. (NASDAQGS:PROV)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQGS    No    WE      06/27/1996        1,301,093        Out of Region  

Riverview Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQGS:RVSB)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQGS    No    WE      10/26/1993        1,590,623        Out of Region  

Provident Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:PVBC)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQCM    No    NE      07/15/2015        1,670,309        Out of Region  

Northeast Community Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:NECB)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQCM    No    MA      07/05/2006        1,764,135       
In Comparable
Group
 
 

Timberland Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQGM:TSBK)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQGM    No    WE      01/12/1998        1,895,115        Out of Region  

Blue Foundry Bancorp (NASDAQGS:BLFY)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQGS    No    MA      07/15/2021        2,044,963       
In Comparable
Group
 
 

Finward Bancorp (NASDAQCM:FNWD)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQCM    No    MW         2,108,279       
In Comparable
Group
 
 

OP Bancorp (NASDAQGM:OPBK)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQGM    No    WE      03/27/2018        2,147,730        Out of Region  

First Northwest Bancorp (NASDAQGM:FNWB)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQGM    No    WE      01/29/2015        2,201,797        Out of Region  

ESSA Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQGS:ESSA)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQGS    No    MA      04/03/2007        2,225,438       
In Comparable
Group
 
 

Territorial Bancorp Inc. (NASDAQGS:TBNK)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQGS    No    WE      07/10/2009        2,236,672        Out of Region  

Sterling Bancorp, Inc. (Southfield, MI) (NASDAQCM:SBT)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQCM    No    MW      11/16/2017        2,416,003       
In Comparable
Group
 

Western New England Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQGS:WNEB)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQGS    No    NE      12/27/2001        2,564,571        Out of Region  

Ponce Financial Group, Inc. (NASDAQGM:PDLB)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQGM    No    MA      09/29/2017        2,750,722       
In Comparable
Group
 
 

FS Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:FSBW)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQCM    No    WE      07/09/2012        2,972,669        Out of Region  

Third Coast Bancshares, Inc. (NASDAQGS:TCBX)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQGS    No    SW      11/08/2021        4,396,074        Outside Asset Range  

Hingham Institution for Savings (NASDAQGM:HIFS)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQGM    No    NE      12/13/1988        4,483,947        Out of Region  

Southern Missouri Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQGM:SMBC)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQGM    No    MW      04/13/1994        4,643,502        Outside Asset Range  

Northfield Bancorp, Inc. (Staten Island, NY) (NASDAQGS:NFBK)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQGS    No    MA      11/07/2007        5,598,396        Outside Asset Range  

TrustCo Bank Corp NY (NASDAQGS:TRST)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQGS    No    MA         6,168,191        Outside Asset Range  

Kearny Financial Corp. (NASDAQGS:KRNY)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQGS    No    MA      02/23/2005        7,897,832        Outside Asset Range  

Capitol Federal Financial, Inc. (NASDAQGS:CFFN)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQGS    No    MW      03/31/1999        9,576,064        Outside Asset Range  

Provident Financial Services, Inc. (NYSE:PFS)

   Savings Institutions    NYSE    No    MA      01/15/2003        14,210,810        Outside Asset Range  

Northwest Bancshares, Inc. (NASDAQGS:NWBI)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQGS    No    MW      11/04/1994        14,419,105        Outside Asset Range  

WSFS Financial Corporation (NASDAQGS:WSFS)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQGS    No    MA      11/26/1986        20,594,672        Outside Asset Range  

Axos Financial, Inc. (NYSE:AX)

   Savings Institutions    NYSE    No    WE      03/14/2005        21,623,764        Out of Region  

WaFd, Inc (NASDAQGS:WAFD)

   Savings Institutions    NASDAQGS    No    WE      11/17/1982        22,640,122        Out of Region  

New York Community Bancorp, Inc. (NYSE:NYCB)

   Savings Institutions    NYSE    No    MA      11/23/1993        116,322,000        Outside Asset Range  

Source: S&P Global


   Page 25
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

OVERVIEW OF THE COMPARABLES

The members of the Comparable Group were reviewed against the Bank to ensure comparability based upon the following criteria:

 

1.

Asset size

 

2.

Profitability

 

3.

Capital Level

 

4.

Balance Sheet Mix

 

5.

Operating Strategy

 

6.

Date of conversion

 

  1.

Asset Size: The Comparable Group should have a similar asset size to the Bank. The Comparable Group ranged in size from $555 million to $2.8 billion in total assets with a median of $1.4 billion. The Bank’s asset size was $1.1 billion as of December 31, 2023. On a pro forma basis, the Bank’s assets are projected to grow to approximately $1.3 billion at the midpoint of the estimated value range.

 

  2.

Profitability: The Comparable Group had a median ROAA of 0.35% and a median ROAE of 3.88% for the last twelve months. The Comparable Group profitability measures had a dispersion about the mean for the ROAA measure ranging from a low of (0.83)% to a high of 2.84%, while the ROAE measure ranged from a low of (6.14)% to a high of 15.85%. The Bank had a ROAA of 0.11% and a ROAE of 0.73% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023.

 

  3.

Capital Level: The Comparable Group had a median equity to assets ratio of 13.11% with a high of 17.86% and a low of 6.99%. On December 31, 2023, the Bank had an equity to assets ratio of 13.93%. The increase in the Bank’s pro forma equity ratio will be favorable from a risk perspective and in terms of future earnings potential that could be realized through leverage. At the same time, the Bank’s higher pro forma equity ratio will depress return on equity. Both the Bank’s pro forma equity and the Peer Group’s equity ratios reflected surpluses with respect to the regulatory capital requirements. On a pro forma basis, the Bank’s regulatory surpluses will be higher than the Peer Group figures after the conversion.

 

  4.

Balance Sheet Mix: As of December 31, 2023, the Bank had a gross loans held for investment to asset ratio of 61.21%. The median loan to asset ratio for the Comparables was 76.32%, ranging from a low of 55.83% to a high of 87.69%. On the liability side, the Bank’s deposit to asset ratio was 68.39% at December 31, 2023 while the Comparable median was 77.63%, ranging from 54.81% to 87.69%. The Bank’s borrowing to asset ratio of 15.30% is above the Comparable median of 6.60%. The Bank’s Wholesale Funding ratio of 27.90% is above the Comparable median of 18.61%.

 

  5.

Operating Strategy: An institution’s operating characteristics are important because they determine future performance. Operational strategy also affects expected rates of return and investors’ general perception of the quality, risk and attractiveness of a given company. Specific operating characteristics include profitability, balance sheet growth, asset quality, capitalization and non-financial factors such as management strategies and lines of business.


   Page 26
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

  6.

Date of Conversion Recent conversions or second steps, those completed on or after January 1, 2022, were excluded since the earnings of a newly converted institution do not reflect the reinvestment of conversion proceeds. Additionally, new issues tend to trade at a discount to the market averages.

Based on the above analysis, FinPro concluded that the Peer Group forms a reasonable basis for determining the pro forma market value of the Bank. Such general characteristics as asset size, capital position, interest-earning asset composition, funding composition, core earnings measures, loan composition, credit quality and exposure to interest rate risk all tend to support the reasonability of the Peer Group from a financial standpoint. Those areas where differences exist will be addressed in the form of valuation adjustments to the extent necessary.


   Page 27
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

4. Market Value Determination

MARKET VALUE ADJUSTMENTS

The estimated pro forma market value of the Bank, along with certain adjustments to its value relative to market values for the Comparable Group are delineated in this section. The adjustments are made from potential investors’ viewpoint and are adjustments necessary when comparing the Bank to the Comparable Group. The adjustment factors are subjectively weighed using the appraiser’s knowledge and expertise and an aggregate adjustment is determined. Potential investors include depositors holding subscription rights and unrelated parties who may purchase stock in the community offering and who are assumed to be aware of all relevant and necessary facts as they pertain to the value of the Bank relative to other publicly traded thrift institutions and relative to alternative investment opportunities.

There are numerous criteria on which the market value adjustments are based. The major criteria utilized for purposes of this report include:

Adjustments Relative to the Comparable Group:

 

   

Financial Condition

 

   

Balance Sheet Growth

 

   

Earnings Quality, Predictability and Growth

 

   

Market Area

 

   

Cash Dividends

 

   

Liquidity of the Issue

 

   

Recent Regulatory Matters

Adjustments for Other Factors:

 

   

Management

 

   

Subscription Interest

To ascertain the market value of the Bank, the median trading multiple values for the Comparable Group are utilized as the starting point. The adjustment, up or down, to the Comparable Group median multiple values is made based on the comparison of the Bank to the Comparable Group.


   Page 28
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FINANCIAL CONDITION

The balance sheet strength of an institution is an important market value determinant, as the investment community considers such factors as cash liquidity, capitalization, asset composition, funding mix, intangible levels and interest rate risk in assessing the attractiveness of investing in the common stock of a thrift. The following figures summarize the key financial elements of the Bank measured against the Comparable Group.

Figure– Key Balance Sheet Data

 

    Balance Sheet (Composition & Liquidity)  

Company Name

  Total Assets
($000s)
    Securities/
Assets
(%)
    Gross Loans
HFI/ Total
Assets
(%)
    Deposits/ Assets
(%)
    Gross Loans
HFI/Deposits
(%)
    Debt and
Borrowings/
Assets

(%)
    Nonint.
Bearing
Deposits/
Total
Deposits
(%)
    Cash/Deposits
(%)
    Wholesale
Funding Ratio
(%)(1)
 

1895 Bancorp of Wisconsin, Inc. (NASDAQCM:BCOW)

    554,576       20.32       69.66       69.78       99.83       14.15       18.71       6.87       15.42  

Affinity Bancshares, Inc. (NASDAQCM:AFBI)

    843,258       10.46       78.25       79.98       97.84       4.74       22.94       7.42       23.28  

Blue Foundry Bancorp (NASDAQGS:BLFY)

    2,044,963       16.50       76.32       60.88       125.37       20.75       NA       3.70       32.04  

ESSA Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQGS:ESSA)

    2,225,438       16.11       77.30       71.46       108.17       16.69       16.64       2.97       28.96  

Finward Bancorp (NASDAQCM:FNWD)

    2,108,279       17.93       71.75       86.01       83.41       5.60       16.30       4.74       7.90  

HMN Financial, Inc. (NASDAQGM:HMNF)

    1,107,135       NA       77.45       88.23       87.79       1.19       NA       1.14       12.37  

Home Federal Bancorp, Inc. of Louisiana (NASDAQCM:HFBL)

    654,188       16.64       77.48       89.22       86.83       2.30       23.34       1.49       1.42  

IF Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:IROQ)

    910,783       NA       NA       74.45       NA       16.30       NA       NA       21.79  

Northeast Community Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:NECB)

    1,719,945       1.99       87.69       79.40       110.44       3.87       22.64       7.82       28.01  

Ponce Financial Group, Inc. (NASDAQGM:PDLB)

    2,750,722       21.86       69.87       54.81       127.49       26.07       16.14       9.23       36.46  

Sterling Bancorp, Inc. (Southfield, MI) (NASDAQCM:SBT)

    2,416,003       18.70       55.83       82.95       67.31       2.59       1.76       29.10       2.41  

William Penn Bancorporation (NASDAQCM:WMPN)

    826,031       31.78       57.00       75.86       75.13       7.61       9.31       2.81       7.82  

25% Percentile:

    838,951       16.21       69.77       71.04       85.12       3.55       16.14       2.89       7.88  

Median:

    1,413,540       17.28       76.32       77.63       97.84       6.60       16.64       4.74       18.61  

75% Percentile:

    2,137,569       19.92       77.46       83.71       109.30       16.40       22.64       7.62       28.25  

Fidelity Bank

    1,124,932       22.21       61.21       68.39       85.73       15.30       19.73       11.32       27.90  

Adjustment Factor:

    —              —        —        +       —        +       —        —   

Collective Adjustment:

    Modest Downward  

 

(1)

Borrowings (ex. Sub Debt/TruPs) + Brokered & Listing Service Deposits as a % of Total Deposits and Borrowings

Data is: LTM (Last 12 Months)

Source: S&P Global, Offering Circular and FinPro Computations

Asset Size – The Bank, at $1.1 billion, is slightly smaller than the comparable group median. The Comparable Group median is larger than the assets of the Bank, with median assets of $1.4 billion. At the pro forma midpoint of the offering range, the Bank is expected to have assets of $1.3 billion, generally in line to slightly below the peers.

Asset Composition – The Bank’s gross loans held for investment to assets ratio of 61.21% is below the Comparable Group median of 76.63%. The Bank has a higher level of cash and securities as a percentage of assets compared to the Comparable Group.


   Page 29
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

Funding Mix – The Bank’s deposits to asset ratio of 68.39% is below the Comparable Group median of 77.63%. Gross loans to deposit ratio of the Bank is below peers. The Bank utilizes a higher level of borrowings and debt compared to the Comparable Group. The Bank funds itself through deposits, 68.39% of assets, and borrowings, 15.30% of assets. The Comparable Group has a deposit to assets ratio of 77.63% and a debt and borrowings to asset ratio of 6.60%. The Bank has a higher usage of wholesale, 27.90%, compared to the Comparable Group median of 18.61%. Lastly, the Bank has a higher amount of non-interest-bearing deposits as a percentage of total deposits, 19.73%, compared to the Comparable Group median of 16.64%.

Interest Rate Risk – The Bank’s interest rate risk position is illustrated and discussed previously. The Bank’s profile appears to be within acceptable regulatory parameters. No similar data is available for the Comparable Group.

Figure– Capital Data

 

Company Name

   Capitalization  
   Equity/
Assets
(%)
     Tangible
Equity/
Tangible
Assets
(%)
     Tangible
Common
Equity/

Tangible
Assets
(%)
     Tier 1 Leverage
Ratio
(%)
     Tier 1 Risk
Based Ratio
(%)
     Risk Based
Capital Ratio
(%)
 
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

1895 Bancorp of Wisconsin, Inc. (NASDAQCM:BCOW)

     12.65        12.65        12.65        NA        NA        16.12  

Affinity Bancshares, Inc. (NASDAQCM:AFBI)

     14.41        12.50        12.50        NA        NA        13.39  

Blue Foundry Bancorp (NASDAQGS:BLFY)

     17.39        17.37        17.37        NA        NA        21.25  

ESSA Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQGS:ESSA)

     9.92        9.35        9.35        NA        NA        13.01  

Finward Bancorp (NASDAQCM:FNWD)

     6.99        5.84        5.84        7.80        10.40        11.36  

HMN Financial, Inc. (NASDAQGM:HMNF)

     9.73        9.66        9.66        NA        NA        12.37  

Home Federal Bancorp, Inc. of Louisiana (NASDAQCM:HFBL)

     8.04        7.42        7.42        NA        NA        13.87  

IF Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:IROQ)

     8.10        8.10        8.10        NA        NA        NA  

Northeast Community Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:NECB)

     15.84        15.83        15.83        NA        NA        13.50  

Ponce Financial Group, Inc. (NASDAQGM:PDLB)

     17.86        17.86        9.68        NA        NA        25.10  

Sterling Bancorp, Inc. (Southfield, MI) (NASDAQCM:SBT)

     13.56        13.56        13.56        13.95        NA        NA  

William Penn Bancorporation (NASDAQCM:WMPN)

     15.61        15.07        15.07        NA        NA        NA  

25% Percentile:

     9.32        9.04        9.04        9.34        10.40        13.01  

Median:

     13.11        12.58        11.09        10.88        10.40        13.50  

75% Percentile:

     15.67        15.26        13.94        12.41        10.40        16.12  

Fidelity Bank

     13.93        13.42        13.48        14.80        22.67        23.52  

Adjustment Factor:

     —         =        —         —         —         —   

Collective Adjustment:

     Downward  

Data is: LTM (Last 12 Months)

Source: S&P Global, Offering Circular and FinPro Computations


   Page 30
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

Capitalization – The Comparable Group’s median equity to assets ratio of 13.11% is below the Bank’s ratio of 13.93%. The Bank’s Tier One Leverage and Risk Based Capital Ratios of 14.80% and 23.52%, respectively, are well above the peer medians of 10.88% and 13.50%. The Bank has not leveraged the existing balance sheet to the same level of capital ratios as have the comparable group.

The Bank’s pro forma Tier 1 Leverage ratio is projected to increase at the midpoint of the valuation range. The Bank currently operates with a tangible equity/assets ratio which is above the Comparable Group’s median on a pre-conversion basis. Following the stock offering, the Bank’s holding company’s pro forma capital position will continue to well exceed the Comparable Group’s figures by a material amount. In summary, FinPro concluded that capital strength was a downward factor in our adjustment for financial condition.

Intangible Levels – An important factor influencing market values is the level of intangibles that an institution carries on its books. Eight of the Comparables have intangible assets. The Bank does also have $5.8 million of goodwill on the balance as an intangible assets on December 31, 2023.


   Page 31
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

Asset Quality – The asset quality of an institution is an important determinant of market value. The investment community considers levels of nonperforming loans, Real Estate Owned (“REO”) and levels of Loan Loss Reserves (“LLR”, “ACL” or “ALLL”) in assessing the attractiveness of investing in the common stock of an institution.

Figure– Asset Quality Data

 

Company Name

   Asset Quality  
   Adjusted
Texas Ratio
(%)(1,2)
     NPA & Loans
90+ PD/
Tangible
Equity + LLR
(%)
     Texas
Ratio

(%)(2)
     Nonaccrual Loans/
Loans

(%)
     NPLs/Loans
(%)
     NPAs/
Assets
(%)
     NPA ex.
Performing
TDRs/ Total
Assets
(%)
     LLR/ Gross
Loans

(%)
     NCOs/ Avg
Loans
(%)
 

1895 Bancorp of Wisconsin, Inc. (NASDAQCM:BCOW)

     1.93        NA        1.77        0.18        0.18        NA        NA        0.93        (0.01

Affinity Bancshares, Inc. (NASDAQCM:AFBI)

     9.51        NA        10.40        NA        NA        NA        NA        1.35        0.03  

Blue Foundry Bancorp (NASDAQGS:BLFY)

     2.43        NA        2.33        0.38        0.38        0.32        0.32        0.91        —   

ESSA Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQGS:ESSA)

     7.67        NA        6.72        NA        NA        NA        NA        0.90        0.04  

Finward Bancorp (NASDAQCM:FNWD)

     7.78        9.17        8.39        0.64        0.64        0.52        0.52        1.24        0.13  

HMN Financial, Inc. (NASDAQGM:HMNF)

     1.19        NA        3.72        0.44        0.44        NA        NA        1.38        —   

Home Federal Bancorp, Inc. of Louisiana (NASDAQCM:HFBL)

     2.49        NA        3.47        NA        NA        NA        NA        1.00        0.08  

IF Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:IROQ)

     0.21        NA        0.04        NA        NA        NA        NA        1.20        —   

Northeast Community Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:NECB)

     2.33        2.11        2.25        0.29        0.29        0.34        0.34        0.32        0.05  

Ponce Financial Group, Inc. (NASDAQGM:PDLB)

     4.54        NA        3.58        0.88        1.15        NA        NA        1.35        0.53  

Sterling Bancorp, Inc. (Southfield, MI) (NASDAQCM:SBT)

     1.44        2.51        2.62        0.66        0.66        0.37        0.37        2.18        0.36  

William Penn Bancorporation (NASDAQCM:WMPN)

     3.01        2.48        2.71        0.64        0.64        0.39        0.38        0.76        —   

25% Percentile:

     1.81        2.39        2.31        0.36        0.36        0.34        0.34        0.90        —   

Median:

     2.46        2.50        3.09        0.54        0.54        0.37        0.37        1.10        0.04  

75% Percentile:

     5.32        4.18        4.47        0.65        0.65        0.39        0.38        1.35        0.09  

Fidelity Bank

     5.33        5.94        5.40        1.11        1.24        0.83        0.75        0.90        0.27  

Adjustment Factor:

     =        —         =        —         —         —         —         —         —   

Collective Adjustment:

     Downward  

Source: S&P Global, Offering Circular and FinPro Computations

The Bank’s level of nonperforming loans (“NPL”) to total loans, at 1.24%, is above the Comparable Group median at 0.54%. The Bank had a nonperforming asset to assets ratio of 0.83%, which is above the Comparable median of 0.37%. The Bank’s reserve level, 0.90% of total loans, is below the Comparable median of 1.10% of loans. The Bank’s level of charge offs of 0.27% is above the Comparable Groups of 0.04%.

The Bank’s asset mix is weaker than the Comparable Group’s. The Bank has a lower level of deposits and a higher level of borrowings and wholesale funding as a percentage of assets relative to the Comparable Group. The Bank has higher capital levels, and at the midpoint of the range will have significantly higher capital levels. The Bank has a higher levels of NPLs and NPAs, and the Bank’s reserve levels as a percentage of loans are below the Comparable levels. Taken collectively, a downward adjustment is warranted for financial condition.


   Page 32
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

BALANCE SHEET GROWTH

The Bank’s assets, loan and deposits have grown slower than the Comparable Group. The Bank experienced deposit runoff and subsequent asset declines, relative to growth for the Comparable Group.

Figure– Growth Rate Data

 

Company Name

   Growth Rates  
   Asset Growth
Rate
(%)
     Loan Growth
Rate (%)
     Deposit
Growth Rate
(%)
 

1895 Bancorp of Wisconsin, Inc. (NASDAQCM:BCOW)

     4.92        7.93        1.41  

Affinity Bancshares, Inc. (NASDAQCM:AFBI)

     10.13        1.65        9.86  

Blue Foundry Bancorp (NASDAQGS:BLFY)

     2.46        5.29        (4.04

ESSA Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQGS:ESSA)

     23.30        16.85        19.81  

Finward Bancorp (NASDAQCM:FNWD)

     2.05        (0.15      2.26  

HMN Financial, Inc. (NASDAQGM:HMNF)

     10.22        14.92        9.73  

Home Federal Bancorp, Inc. of Louisiana (NASDAQCM:HFBL)

     13.69        23.64        13.07  

IF Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:IROQ)

     7.92        12.87        4.64  

Northeast Community Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:NECB)

     36.11        34.06        37.56  

Ponce Financial Group, Inc. (NASDAQGM:PDLB)

     21.42        28.72        2.63  

Sterling Bancorp, Inc. (Southfield, MI) (NASDAQCM:SBT)

     (0.15      (16.13      4.47  

William Penn Bancorporation (NASDAQCM:WMPN)

     (2.50      (0.04      0.50  

25% Percentile:

     2.36        1.23        2.05  

Median:

     9.03        10.40        4.56  

75% Percentile:

     15.62        18.55        10.66  

Fidelity Bank

     11.68        20.52        (2.81

Adjustment Factor:

     =        +         

Collective Adjustment:

     No Adjustment  

Data is: LTM (Last 12 Months)

Source: S&P Global, Offering Circular and FinPro Computations

Growth Rate – The Bank’s asset growth rate is above that of the peer group, 11.68% for the Bank, compared to 9.03% for the Comparable Group. However, much of the Bank’s 2023 asset growth was driven by increased usage of borrowings and other wholesale funding sources. The Bank’s loan growth rate is significantly above peers. The deposit growth rate is below peers, even as the Bank has increased wholesale deposit usage and has wholesale usage above the Comparable Group.


   Page 33
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

The Bank had higher levels of asset and loan growth compared to the Comparable group and experienced deposit runoff compared to growth by the peers. Taken collectively, no adjustment is warranted.


   Page 34
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

 

EARNINGS QUALITY, PREDICTABILITY AND GROWTH

The earnings quality, predictability and growth are critical components in the establishment of market values for thrifts. Thrift earnings are primarily a function of:

 

   

net interest income

 

   

loan loss provision

 

   

non-interest income

 

   

non-interest expense

The quality and predictability of earnings is dependent on both internal and external factors. Some internal factors include the mix of the balance sheet, the interest rate sensitivity of the balance sheet, the asset quality, and the infrastructure in place to deliver the assets and liabilities to the public. External factors include the competitive market for both assets and liabilities, the global interest rate scenario, local economic factors and regulatory issues.

Investors are focusing on earnings sustainability as interest rate volatility has caused a wide variation in income levels. With the intense competition for both assets and deposits, banks cannot easily replace lost spread and margin with balance sheet growth.

Each of these factors can influence the earnings of an institution, and each of these factors is volatile. Investors prefer stability and consistency. As such, solid, consistent earnings are preferred to high but risky earnings. Investors also prefer earnings to be diversified and not entirely dependent on interest income.


   Page 35
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

Net income trended downwards between the twelve months ended December 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022. The decrease is predominately attributable to higher non-interest expenses, which was a function of mortgage originations operations, higher data processing, hedging activity and other general expenses. The Bank in the past few years has elevated non-interest expenses and lower net income as a result of larger mortgage operations for sale. During this time frame net interest income rose 7.2% from $41.6 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022, to $44.2 million for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023.

The Bank’s net income has historically experienced significant reliance upon Net Gain on Sale of Loans and Leases which has declined over the past two years. The Bank’s mortgage banking activities increase the potential of volatility of the Bank’s projected earnings streams.

Figure– Income Statement Data

 

FIDELITY BANK

STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DEC EMBER 31, 2023 AND 2022

 

     2023     2022  
     (dollars in thousands)  

Interest income

    

Interest and fees on loans

   $ 43,287     $ 35,481  

Interest and dividends on investment securities

     9,278       5,927  

Interest on deposits in other banks

     1,733       2,402  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total interest and dividend income

     54,298       43,810  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Interest expense

    

Deposits

     6,762       1,797  

Borrowed funds

       447  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total interest expense

     10,130       2,244  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net interest income

     44,168       41,566  

Provision for credit losses

     649       (396
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net interest income after provision for credit losses

     43,519       41,962  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-interest income

    

Service charges and fee income from deposit accounts

     3,160       3,547  

Gain on sale of mortgage loans

     12,526       14,477  

Gam (loss) on sales and disposal of assets

     (1     9  

Gain on sale of available for sale securities

     66       135  

Gam on sale of mortgage servicing rights

     5,318    

Other non-interest income

     3,856       4,373  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total non-interest income

     24,925       22,541  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Non-interest expenses

    

Salaries and employee benefits

     40,729       41,953  

Occupancy and equipment

     8,067       8,238  

Directors’ fees

     806       748  

Data processing

     4,683       3,665  

Advertising and marketing

     1,755       1,785  

Mortgage servicing rights amortization

     1,763       3,079  

Hedging activity, net

     247       (4,904

Other general and administrative

     8,946       7,834  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total non-interest expenses

     66,996       62,398  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income before income taxes

     1,448       2,105  

Income tax expense (benefit)

     330       (5
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income

   $ 1,118     $ 2,110  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Source: Bank Financial Reports


   Page 36
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

The Bank’s ROAA and ROAE are below the Comparable Group median. The Bank’s higher capitalization following the offering is expected to further decrease return on equity for the near term, though the potential payoff of higher cost borrowings with the proceeds will improve net income.

The Bank’s net interest margin is above the Comparable Group median. The Bank’s margin is improved as a result of interest earned on sold loans. Additionally, the Bank’s cost of funds is below all comparable group peers.

The Bank’s efficiency ratio of 96.96% is below the Comparable median of 81.22%.

On a forward-looking basis, after the conversion the Bank’s operating expenses are expected to rise as a result of the stock benefit plans and additional costs of being a public company. At the same time, the Bank will have additional capital to deploy and leverage to improve forward earnings.

Figure– Income Statement Data

 

Company Name

  Overall Profitability    

Components of Profitability

 
  ROAA
(%)
    ROAE
(%)
   

Yield on
Earning
Assets
(%)(1)

  Cost of
Funds
(%)(1)
    Net Interest
Margin
(FTE) (%)
    Noninterest
Income/Avg
Assets

(%) (1)
    Noninterest
Expense/Avg
Assets

(%) (1)
    Efficiency
Ratio (FTE)
(%)
 

1895 Bancorp of Wisconsin, Inc. (NASDAQCM:BCOW)

    (0.83     (6.14   3.81     1.74       2.46       0.43       2.66       97.13  

Affinity Bancshares, Inc. (NASDAQCM:AFBI)

    0.75       5.43     5.26     2.09       3.41       0.30       2.45       69.12  

Blue Foundry Bancorp (NASDAQGS:BLFY)

    (0.36     (1.98   3.94     2.23       2.26       0.08       2.32       102.03  

ESSA Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQGS:ESSA)

    0.86       8.18     4.69     1.83       3.21       0.38       2.22       64.59  

Finward Bancorp (NASDAQCM:FNWD)

    0.40       6.28     4.60     1.42       2.71       0.50       2.58       81.22  

HMN Financial, Inc. (NASDAQGM:HMNF)

    0.54       5.03     3.97     1.29       2.98       0.61       2.50       71.10  

Home Federal Bancorp, Inc. of Louisiana (NASDAQCM:HFBL)

    0.68       8.83     4.91     1.54       3.68       0.31       2.49       66.26  

IF Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:IROQ)

    0.23       2.72     NA     2.27       2.41       0.48       2.32       81.25  

Northeast Community Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:NECB)

    2.84       15.85     8.47     2.69       6.52       0.25       2.20       33.75  

Ponce Financial Group, Inc. (NASDAQGM:PDLB)

    0.13       0.68     5.12     2.97       2.68       0.39       2.48       82.84  

Sterling Bancorp, Inc. (Southfield, MI) (NASDAQCM:SBT)

    0.30       2.35     5.23     2.78       2.84       0.13       3.64       NA  

William Penn Bancorporation (NASDAQCM:WMPN)

    0.11       0.59     4.18     1.75       2.76       0.30       2.41       86.91  

25% Percentile:

    0.12       0.66     4.08     1.69       2.63       0.29       2.32       67.69  

Median:

    0.35       3.88     4.69     1.96       2.80       0.35       2.47       81.22  

75% Percentile:

    0.70       6.75     5.18     2.38       3.26       0.44       2.52       84.88  

Fidelity Bank

    0.11       0.73     6.02     1.15       4.72       1.78       6.04       96.96  

Adjustment Factor:

    —        —      +     +       +       +       —        —   

Collective Adjustment:

    Modest Downward  

Data is: LTM (Last 12 Months)

(1)

Bank’s results based upon call report designation for non-interest expenses

Source: S&P Global, Call Reports and FinPro Computations


   Page 37
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

The Bank is less profitable than the Comparables on a ROAA and ROAE basis. After the conversion, the Bank is expected to have a lower ROAE. The Bank’s earnings composition is more volatile than the Comparable Group as the Bank has a higher net margin and noninterest expense, along with a historical focus on mortgage banking. Taken collectively, a modest downward adjusted is warranted for this factor.


   Page 38
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

MARKET AREA

The market area that an institution serves has a significant impact on value, as future success is interrelated with the economic, demographic and competitive aspects of the market. The location of an institution will have an impact on the trading value of an institution, as many analysts compare the pricing of institutions relative to a state or regional multiples in investor presentations.

The following figure compares the demographic for the market areas serviced by the Bank, to the demographics of the Comparable Group members.

Figure– Market Demographics For Comparables

 

Company

  Fidelity
Bank
Current
2024
    1895
Bancorp of
Wisconsin,
Inc.
(NASDAQC
M:BCOW)
Current
2024
    Affinity
Bancshares,
Inc.
(NASDAQC
M:AFBI)
Current
2024
    Blue
Foundry
Bancorp
(NASDAQG
S:BLFY)
Current
2024
    ESSA
Bancorp,
Inc.
(NASDAQG
S:ESSA)
Current
2024
    Finward
Bancorp
(NASDAQC
M:FNWD)
Current
2024
    HMN
Financial,
Inc.
(NASDAQ
GM:HMNF)
Current
2024
    Home
Federal
Bancorp,
Inc. of
Louisiana
(NASDAQ
CM:HFBL)
Current
2024
    IF
Bancorp,
Inc.
(NASDAQ
CM:IROQ)
Current
2024
    Northeast
Community
Bancorp,
Inc.
(NASDAQ
CM:NECB)
Current
2024
    Ponce
Financial
Group, Inc.
(NASDAQ
GM:PDLB)
Current
2024
    Sterling
Bancorp,
Inc.
(Southfield,
MI)
(NASDAQ
CM:SBT)
Current
2024
    William
Penn
Bancorporation
(NASDAQC
M:WMPN)
Current 2024
    Comparable
Group
Median
Current
2024
 

Population

 

   

Population (actual)

    21,519       7,810       37,933       20,371       64,040       49,588       35,459       23,465       28,642       36,595       34,749       23,800       17,255       31,696  

Aggregate Change: CAGR (%)

    (0.41     (0.17     1.27       0.01       (0.06     (0.06     0.21       (0.89     (0.91     (0.32     (1.70     (0.87     (0.07     (0.12

Market Weighted Change: CAGR (%)

    (0.58     (0.27     0.91       0.02       (0.05     (0.25     0.23       (0.88     (0.88     (0.20     (1.43     (1.31     (0.11     (0.23

Age brackets (actual)

 

   

Population 0-14 (actual)

    3,768       1,386       6,761       3,286       9,817       8,920       6,708       4,454       5,135       7,003       6,079       3,660       2,772       5,607  

Population 15-34 (actual)

    5,573       2,016       10,464       4,969       16,216       12,745       8,835       5,958       7,093       9,772       9,953       6,459       4,409       7,964  

Population 35-54 (actual)

    5,436       1,924       9,914       5,331       14,986       12,419       8,613       5,768       6,463       8,886       9,200       6,614       4,278       7,614  

Population 55-69 (actual)

    4,005       1,492       6,838       4,133       14,206       9,362       6,570       4,244       5,575       6,722       5,988       4,289       3,514       5,782  

Population 70+ (actual)

    2,736       992       3,956       2,650       8,816       6,142       4,734       3,042       4,377       4,214       3,528       2,778       2,282       3,742  

Percent of total (%)

 

   

Pop Age 0-14/ Pop (%)

    17.51       17.75       17.82       16.13       15.33       17.99       18.92       18.98       17.93       19.14       17.49       15.38       16.06       17.79  

Pop Age 15-34/ Pop (%)

    25.90       25.81       27.59       24.39       25.32       25.70       24.92       25.39       24.76       26.70       28.64       27.14       25.55       25.63  

Pop Age 35-54/ Pop (%)

    25.26       24.64       26.14       26.17       23.40       25.04       24.29       24.58       22.56       24.28       26.48       27.79       24.79       24.71  

Pop Age 55-69/ Pop (%)

    18.61       19.10       18.03       20.29       22.18       18.88       18.53       18.09       19.46       18.37       17.23       18.02       20.37       18.70  

Pop Age 70+/ Pop (%)

    12.71       12.70       10.43       13.01       13.77       12.39       13.35       12.96       15.28       11.52       10.15       11.67       13.23       12.83  

Households (actual)

    8,787       3,251       13,752       7,445       24,219       19,555       14,179       9,654       11,805       12,680       12,570       8,626       6,623       12,188  

Aggregate Change: CAGR (%)

    (0.23     0.08       1.37       (0.01     0.11       0.12       0.27       (0.76     (0.77     (0.38     (1.63     (0.83     0.04       0.02  

Market Weighted Change: CAGR (%)

    (0.36     (0.03     1.00       (0.01     0.11       (0.05     0.30       (0.73     (0.74     (0.28     (1.41     (1.29     (0.01     (0.04

Income

 

   

Per Capita Income ($)

    37,167       43,498       45,031       60,269       40,562       39,386       46,256       31,641       33,308       54,282       59,344       72,831       49,582       45,644  

National Median Per Capita ($)

    42,767       42,767       42,767       42,767       42,767       42,767       42,767       42,767       42,767       42,767       42,767       42,767       42,767       42,767  

Median Household Income ($)

    58,328       75,216       89,899       113,359       82,322       71,550       85,362       51,954       60,398       100,530       79,573       121,527       91,775       83,842  

Income brackets (actual)

 

   

HH w Income < $25K (actual)

    1,966       493       1,647       794       3,332       3,439       1,692       2,506       2,434       2,236       3,301       1,102       927       1,9364  

HH w Income $25K-$49K (actual)

    1,817       590       2,192       908       4,181       3,958       2,267       2,276       2,775       1,938       2,444       1,101       947       2,230  

HH w Income $50K-$99K (actual)

    2,485       934       4,214       1,674       6,963       5,594       4,322       2,541       3,584       3,005       3,232       1,940       1,716       3,119  

HH: Annual Income $100K+ (actual)

    2,519       1,233       5,698       4,070       9,743       6,565       5,899       2,331       3,013       5,500       3,593       4,483       3,033       4,277  

Percent of total (%)

 

   

HH w Income < $25K/ HH (%)

    22.37       15.16       11.98       10.66       13.76       17.59       11.93       25.96       20.62       17.63       26.26       12.78       14.00       14.58  

HH w Income $25K-$49K/ HH (%)

    20.68       18.15       15.94       12.20       17.26       20.24       15.99       23.58       23.51       15.28       19.44       12.76       14.30       16.63  

HH w Income $50K-$99K/ HH (%)

    28.28       28.73       30.64       22.48       28.75       28.61       30.48       26.32       30.36       23.70       25.71       22.49       25.91       27.46  

Annual Income $100K+/ HH (%)

    28.67       37.93       41.43       54.67       40.23       33.57       41.60       24.15       25.52       43.38       28.58       51.97       45.79       40.83  

Source: S&P Global

The Bank’s market demographics of the Bank represent a market that’s population has shrunk more than the median of the comparable group. The Bank’s per capita and median household income are both below the Comparable Group’s markets. Based upon these factors, a moderate downward adjustment is warranted for market area.


   Page 39
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

CASH DIVIDENDS

Currently, most conversions are not establishing a dividend policy concurrent with the conversion. Historical issues have been fully or oversubscribing without the need for the additional enticement of dividends. After the conversion is another issue, however. Pressures on ROAE and on internal rates of return to investors prompted the industry toward cash dividends. This trend is exacerbated by the lack of growth in the market and tighter liquidity conditions. Typically, when institutions are in a growth mode, they issue stock dividends or do not declare a dividend. When growth is stunted, these institutions shift toward reducing equity levels and thus utilize cash dividends as a tool in managing equity. Historical tax code changes have made cash dividends more attractive to investors.

Figure– Dividends

 

Company Name

   Dividends  
   Quarterly
Dividends Per
Share ($)
     LTM
Dividends Per
Share ($)
     LTM Dividend
Payout Ratio
(%)
     Dividend
Yield
(%)
 

1895 Bancorp of Wisconsin, Inc. (NASDAQCM:BCOW)

     NA        —         NM        NA  

Affinity Bancshares, Inc. (NASDAQCM:AFBI)

     NA        —         NM        NA  

Blue Foundry Bancorp (NASDAQGS:BLFY)

     NA        —         NM        NA  

ESSA Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQGS:ESSA)

     0.15        0.60        32.43        3.22  

Finward Bancorp (NASDAQCM:FNWD)

     0.12        1.05        53.57        1.98  

HMN Financial, Inc. (NASDAQGM:HMNF)

     0.08        0.32        23.36        1.44  

Home Federal Bancorp, Inc. of Louisiana (NASDAQCM:HFBL)

     0.13        0.50        33.90        3.71  

IF Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:IROQ)

     0.10        0.40        66.67        2.35  

Northeast Community Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:NECB)

     0.06        0.24        8.39        1.43  

Ponce Financial Group, Inc. (NASDAQGM:PDLB)

     NA        —         NM        NA  

Sterling Bancorp, Inc. (Southfield, MI) (NASDAQCM:SBT)

     —         —         NM        —   

William Penn Bancorporation (NASDAQCM:WMPN)

     0.03        0.12        150.00        0.97  

25% Percentile:

     0.05        —         27.90        1.31  

Median:

     0.09        0.18        33.90        1.71  

75% Percentile:

     0.12        0.42        60.12        2.57  

Source: S&P Global, Call Reports and FinPro Computations

Seven of the twelve Comparable institutions had declared cash dividends. The median dividend payout ratio for the Comparable Group was 33.90%. Currently, the Bank does not pay a cash dividend as it is a mutual bank.

The Bank, on a pro forma basis (at the mid-point of the value range) will have a Tier One Leverage ratio above 18%. The Bank will have adequate capital and profits to pay cash dividends.


   Page 40
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

As such, no adjustment is warranted for this factor.

 

RECENT REGULATORY MATTERS

Regulatory matters influence the market for thrift conversions. The Bank will operate in substantially the same regulatory environment as the Comparable Group.

Fidelity Bank is subject to comprehensive regulation and examination by the LOFI and the FDIC.

As such, no adjustment for this factor is warranted.


   Page 41
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

5. Other Factors

 

MANAGEMENT

The Bank has developed a good management team with considerable banking experience. The Bank’s organizational chart is reasonable for an institution of its size and complexity. The Board is active and oversees and advises on all key strategic and policy decisions and holds the management to high performance standards.

As such, no adjustment appears to be warranted for this factor.


   Page 42
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

LIQUIDITY OF THE SHARES

The Peer Group is by definition composed of companies that are traded in the public markets. All of the Peer Group companies trade on the NASDAQ. Typically, the number of shares outstanding and market capitalization provides an indication of how much liquidity there will be in a particular stock. The market capitalization of the Peer Group companies ranged from $40.1 million to $273.9 million as of February 2, 2024, with a median market value of $104.2 million.

FB Bancorp, Inc., is a newly formed company and has never issued capital stock. Fidelity Bank, as a mutual institution, is not authorized to issue capital stock. FB Bancorp, Inc. expects the common stock to be listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “FBLA” upon the completion of the conversion and stock offering.

Overall, we anticipate that the Bank’s stock will have a lower level of trading liquidity as the Peer Group companies on average and, therefore, we concluded that a downward was necessary for this factor.

Figure– Market Pricing and Valuation

 

Size / Regional Peers

   Market Pricing and Valuation  

Company Name

   Date of
Closing
Price

($)
     Market Cap.
($mil)
     Price/MRQ
Core EPS
(x)
     Price/LTM
Core EPS
(x)
     Price/Tangible
Book

(%)
     Tangible
Premium/
Core Deposits
(%)
     LTM
Dividend
Payout Ratio
(%)
     Dividend
Yield
(%)
     Avg Daily Volume
(Three Month)
     Avg Daily Volume
(One Year)
 

1 1895 Bancorp of Wisconsin, Inc. (NASDAQCM:BCOW)

     2/2/2024        46.3        NM        NM        71.3        -7.8        NM        NA        6,557        6,099  

2 Affinity Bancshares, Inc. (NASDAQCM:AFBI)

     2/2/2024        103.9        17.2        16.2        100.8        NA        NM        NA        3,368        5,885  

3 Blue Foundry Bancorp (NASDAQGS:BLFY)

     2/2/2024        210.9        NM        NM        65.0        NA        NM        NA        66,662        92,517  

4 ESSA Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQGS:ESSA)

     2/2/2024        177.2        10.3        9.9        91.3        NA        32.4        3.2        22,485        22,913  

5 Finward Bancorp (NASDAQCM:FNWD)

     2/2/2024        104.5        14.6        11.1        85.8        NA        53.6        2.0        9,861        4,948  

6 HMN Financial, Inc. (NASDAQGM:HMNF)

     2/2/2024        97.0        17.8        16.7        92.9        NA        23.4        1.4        7,345        3,852  

7 Home Federal Bancorp, Inc. of Louisiana (NASDAQCM:HFBL)

     2/2/2024        41.0        9.6        8.0        87.8        NA        33.9        3.7        1,108        1,657  

8 IF Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:IROQ)

     2/2/2024        54.5        NA        NA        77.3        NA        66.7        2.4        2,187        2,816  

9 Northeast Community Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:NECB)

     2/2/2024        206.9        5.1        5.8        89.4        -6.4        8.4        1.4        56,478        80,262  

10 Ponce Financial Group, Inc. (NASDAQGM:PDLB)

     2/2/2024        205.0        NA        NA        82.5        NA        NM        NA        52,049        89,647  

11 Sterling Bancorp, Inc. (Southfield, MI) (NASDAQCM:SBT)

     2/2/2024        273.9        13.3        34.9        83.6        NA        NM        0.0        33,849        42,341  

12 William Penn Bancorporation (NASDAQCM:WMPN)

     2/2/2024        103.6        NM        129.1        96.0        NA        150.0        1.0        34,482        45,791  

25% Percentile:

        86.4        9.9        9.4        81.2        -7.5        27.9        1.3        5,760        4,674  

Median:

        104.2        13.3        13.6        86.8        -7.1        33.9        1.7        16,173        14,506  

75% Percentile:

        205.5        15.9        21.2        91.7        -6.8        60.1        2.6        38,874        54,409  

Source: S&P Global, Call Reports and FinPro Computations


   Page 43
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

MARKETING OF THE ISSUANCE

Three separate markets exist for thrift stocks: (1) the after-market for public companies, both fully-converted stock companies and MHC’s, in which trading activity is regular and investment decisions are made based upon financial condition, earnings, capital, ROE, dividends and future prospects; (2) the new issue market in which converting thrifts are evaluated on the basis of the same factors but on a pro forma basis without the benefit of prior operations as a publicly-held Bank and stock trading history; and (3) the thrift acquisition market. All three of these markets were considered in the valuation of the Bank’s to-be-issue stock.

The Public Market- The value of publicly traded thrift stocks is easily measurable, and is tracked by most investment houses and related organizations. In general, thrift stock values react to market stimuli such as interest rates, inflation, perceived industry health, projected rates of economic growth, regulatory issues, and stock market conditions in general.

The New Issue Market- In addition to thrift stock market conditions in general, the new issue market for converting thrifts is also an important consideration in determining the Bank’s pro forma market value. The new issue market is separate and distinct from the market for seasoned thrift stocks in that the pricing ratios for converting issues are computed on a pro forma basis, specifically: (1) the numerator and denominator are both impacted by the conversion offering amount, unlike existing stock issues in which price change affects only the numerator; and (2) the pro forma pricing ratio incorporates assumptions regarding source and use of proceeds, effective tax rates, stock plan purchases, etc. which impact pro forma financials, whereas pricing for existing issues are based on reported financials. The distinction between pricing of converting and existing issues is perhaps no clearer than in the case of the price/book (“P/B”) ratio in that the P/B ratio of a converting thrift will typically result in a discount to book value whereas in the current market for existing thrifts the P/B ratio often reflects a premium to book value. Therefore, it is appropriate to also consider the market for new issues, both at the time of the conversion and in the aftermarket.

The Acquisition Market- Also considered in the valuation was the potential impact on the Banks holding company’s stock price of recently completed and pending acquisitions of other savings institutions operating in the region. There have been numerous bank and thrift acquisitions completed over the past number of years. To the extent that acquisition speculation may impact the Bank’s offering, we have largely taken this into account in selecting companies for the Peer Group which operate in markets that have experienced a comparable level of acquisition activity as the Bank’s market and, thus, are subject to the same type of acquisition speculation that may influence Bank’s stock. However, since converting thrifts are subject to a three-year regulatory moratorium from being acquired, acquisition speculation in the Bank’s stock would tend to be less compared to the stocks of the Peer Group companies.


   Page 44
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

In determining our valuation adjustment for marketing of the issue, we considered trends in both the overall thrift market, the new issue market including the new issue market for thrift conversions and the Bank acquisition market for thrift stocks. Overall, current market conditions coupled with the potential change in interest rates impacting Banking industry leads to some future uncertainty. Taking these factors and trends into account, FinPro concluded that no adjustment was appropriate in the valuation analysis for purposes of marketing of the issue.


   Page 45
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

VALUATION ADJUSTMENTS

Relative to the Comparables the following adjustments need to be made to the Bank’s pro forma market value.

 

Valuation Factor

  

Valuation Adjustment

Financial Condition

  

Downward

Balance Sheet Growth

  

No Adjustment

Earnings Quality, Predictability and Growth

  

Moderate Downward

Market Area

  

Moderate Downward

Dividends

  

No Adjustment

Liquidity of the Issue

  

Downward

Recent Regulatory Matters

  

No Adjustment

Additionally, the following adjustments should be made to the Bank’s market value.

 

Valuation Factor

  

Valuation Adjustment

Management

  

No Adjustment

Marketing of the Issuance

  

No Adjustment


   Page 46
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

6. Valuation

In applying the accepted valuation methodology promulgated by the regulators, i.e., the pro forma market value approach, three key pricing multiples were considered. The three multiples include:

Price to core earnings (“P/E”)

Price to book value (“P/B”) / Price to tangible book value (“P/TB”)

Price to assets (“P/A”)

All of the approaches were calculated on a pro forma basis including the effects of the conversion proceeds. All of the assumptions utilized are presented.

 

DISCUSSION OF WEIGHT GIVEN TO VALUATION MULTIPLES

To ascertain the pro forma estimated market value of the Bank, the market multiples for the Comparable Group were utilized. As a secondary check, all publicly traded thrifts, Mid-west regional thrifts and recent (2017 to date) conversions along with historical standard conversions were assessed. The data for the Comparable Group, all publicly traded thrifts, and historical offerings are showing on the following pages.

Figure–Comparable Group Market Pricing and Valuation

 

Size / Regional Peers

   Market Pricing and Valuation  

Company Name

   Date of
Closing
Price
($)
     Market
Cap.
($mil)
     Price/
LTM
EPS
(x)(1)
     Price/
LTM
Core
EPS
(x)
     Price/
Book
(%)
     Price/
Tangible
Book
(%)
     Tangible
Premium/
Core Deposits
(%)
     LTM
Dividend
Payout Ratio
(%)
     Dividend
Yield
(%)
     Price/
Assets
(%)
(%)
     Avg Daily Volume
(Three Month)
     Avg Daily Volume
(One Year)
 

1 1895 Bancorp of Wisconsin, Inc. (NASDAQCM:BCOW)

     2/2/2024        46.3        NM        NM        71.3        71.3        -7.8        NM        NA        7.8        6,557        6,099  

2 Affinity Bancshares, Inc. (NASDAQCM:AFBI)

     2/2/2024        103.9        16.5        16.2        85.5        100.8        NA        NM        NA        12.2        3,368        5,885  

3 Blue Foundry Bancorp (NASDAQGS:BLFY)

     2/2/2024        210.9        NM        NM        64.9        65.0        NA        NM        NA        11.6        66,662        92,517  

4 ESSA Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQGS:ESSA)

     2/2/2024        177.2        10.1        9.9        85.6        91.3        NA        32.4        3.2        9.1        22,485        22,913  

5 Finward Bancorp (NASDAQCM:FNWD)

     2/2/2024        104.5        12.4        11.1        70.9        85.8        NA        53.6        2.0        5.1        9,861        4,948  

6 HMN Financial, Inc. (NASDAQGM:HMNF)

     2/2/2024        97.0        16.3        16.7        92.3        92.9        NA        23.4        1.4        9.3        7,345        3,852  

7 Home Federal Bancorp, Inc. of Louisiana (NASDAQCM:HFBL)

     2/2/2024        41.0        9.2        8.0        80.6        87.8        NA        33.9        3.7        NA        1,108        1,657  

8 IF Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:IROQ)

     2/2/2024        54.5        28.3        NA        77.3        77.3        NA        66.7        2.4        5.9        2,187        2,816  

9 Northeast Community Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:NECB)

     2/2/2024        206.9        5.9        5.8        89.4        89.4        -6.4        8.4        1.4        12.4        56,478        80,262  

10 Ponce Financial Group, Inc. (NASDAQGM:PDLB)

     2/2/2024        205.0        61.6        NA        82.5        82.5        NA        NM        NA        9.2        52,049        89,647  

11 Sterling Bancorp, Inc. (Southfield, MI) (NASDAQCM:SBT)

     2/2/2024        273.9        35.1        34.9        83.6        83.6        NA        NM        0.0        12.4        33,849        42,341  

12 William Penn Bancorporation (NASDAQCM:WMPN)

     2/2/2024        103.6        154.0        129.1        92.1        96.0        NA        150.0        1.0        14.2        34,482        45,791  

25% Percentile:

        86.4        10.7        9.4        75.8        81.2        -7.5        27.9        1.3        8.5        5,760        4,674  

Median:

        104.2        16.4        13.6        83.0        86.8        -7.1        33.9        1.7        9.3        16,173        14,506  

75% Percentile:

        205.5        33.4        21.2        86.5        91.7        -6.8        60.1        2.6        12.3        38,874        54,409  

Source: S&P Global and FinPro Computations


   Page 47
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

Figure–All Publicly Traded Thrifts Market Pricing and Valuation

 

         Market Pricing and Valuation  
    

Company Name

  Date of
Closing
Price
($)
    Market
Cap.
($mil)
    Price/
LTM
EPS
(x)(1)
    Price/
LTM

Core
EPS
(x)
    Price/
Book
(%)
    Price/
Tangible
Book
(%)
    Tangible
Premium/
Core
Deposits
(%)
    LTM
Dividend
Payout
Ratio
(%)
    Dividend
Yield
(%)
    Price/
Assets
(%)
(%)
    Avg Daily
  Volume  
(Three Month)
    Avg Daily
  Volume  
(One Year)
 
1    NSTS Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:NSTS)     2/2/2024       51.1       NM       NM       67.7       67.7       -18.9       NM       NA       19.5       5,302       6,517  
2    Catalyst Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:CLST)     2/2/2024       57.0       85.6       134.9       67.4       67.4       NA       NM       NA       19.1       6,708       7,225  
3    Generations Bancorp NY, Inc. (NASDAQCM:GBNY)     2/2/2024       24.8       NM       NM       71.1       72.5       -4.1       NM       NA       4.6       3,704       2,530  
4    PB Bankshares, Inc. (NASDAQCM:PBBK)     2/2/2024       32.4       12.6       16.3       76.4       76.4       NA       NM       NA       8.3       3,662       3,369  
5    Cullman Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:CULL)     2/2/2024       75.2       18.9       18.9       77.8       77.8       -12.2       21.1       1.1       18.3       5,264       2,915  
6    TC Bancshares, Inc. (NASDAQCM:TCBC)     2/2/2024       58.0       NM       NM       79.5       79.5       -8.0       333.3       0.7       14.4       8,828       7,017  
7    Central Plains Bancshares, Inc. (NASDAQCM:CPBI)     2/2/2024       42.4       NA       NA       NA       NA       NA       NA       NA       NA       28,639       37,694  
8    1895 Bancorp of Wisconsin, Inc. (NASDAQCM:BCOW)     2/2/2024       46.3       NM       NM       71.3       71.3       -7.8       NM       NA       7.8       6,557       6,099  
9    First Seacoast Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:FSEA)     2/2/2024       41.0       NM       NM       65.8       66.1       NA       NM       NA       6.7       15,979       11,818  
10    Home Federal Bancorp, Inc. of Louisiana (NASDAQCM:HFBL)     2/2/2024       41.0       9.2       8.0       80.6       87.8       NA       33.9       3.7       NA       1,108       1,657  
11    Carver Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:CARV)     2/2/2024       8.5       NM       NM       52.1       52.1       -1.6       NM       0.0       1.5       45,163       28,600  
12    William Penn Bancorporation (NASDAQCM:WMPN)     2/2/2024       103.6       154.0       129.1       92.1       96.0       NA       150.0       1.0       14.2       34,482       45,791  
13    Affinity Bancshares, Inc. (NASDAQCM:AFBI)     2/2/2024       103.9       16.5       16.2       85.5       100.8       NA       NM       NA       12.2       3,368       5,885  
14    BV Financial, Inc. (NASDAQCM:BVFL)     2/2/2024       154.6       9.2       9.4       77.7       84.2       NA       NM       0.0       18.2       24,535       23,459  
15    IF Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:IROQ)     2/2/2024       54.5       28.3       NA       77.3       77.3       NA       66.7       2.4       5.9       2,187       2,816  
16    HMN Financial, Inc. (NASDAQGM:HMNF)     2/2/2024       97.0       16.3       16.7       92.3       92.9       NA       23.4       1.4       9.3       7,345       3,852  
17    ECB Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:ECBK)     2/2/2024       127.9       24.8       25.1       75.7       75.7       -7.1       NM       NA       8.3       8,458       13,094  
18    Broadway Financial Corporation (NASDAQCM:BYFC)     2/2/2024       56.6       104.7       100.5       366.3       470.3       -8.2       NM       0.0       53.3       5,586       7,118  
19    Provident Financial Holdings, Inc. (NASDAQGS:PROV)     2/2/2024       105.8       13.2       13.2       81.2       81.2       NA       48.7       3.7       6.7       8,410       6,093  
20    Riverview Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQGS:RVSB)     2/2/2024       111.7       11.5       11.4       70.5       85.2       NA       52.2       4.5       8.5       27,621       28,573  
21    Provident Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:PVBC)     2/2/2024       180.2       15.6       15.6       82.1       82.1       NA       NM       0.0       10.7       32,648       78,150  
22    Northeast Community Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:NECB)     2/2/2024       206.9       5.9       5.8       89.4       89.4       -6.4       8.4       1.4       12.4       56,478       80,262  
23    Timberland Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQGM:TSBK)     2/2/2024       219.3       8.6       8.6       92.4       99.0       NA       29.5       3.6       13.5       20,489       25,986  
24    Blue Foundry Bancorp (NASDAQGS:BLFY)     2/2/2024       210.9       NM       NM       64.9       65.0       NA       NM       NA       11.6       66,662       92,517  
25    Finward Bancorp (NASDAQCM:FNWD)     2/2/2024       104.5       12.4       11.1       70.9       85.8       NA       53.6       2.0       5.1       9,861       4,948  
26    OP Bancorp (NASDAQGM:OPBK)     2/2/2024       159.3       6.9       6.9       82.7       87.5       NA       31.0       4.5       7.6       33,364       29,795  
27    First Northwest Bancorp (NASDAQGM:FNWB)     2/2/2024       124.1       53.6       14.4       82.0       82.6       NA       107.7       2.0       7.0       11,785       15,137  
28    ESSA Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQGS:ESSA)     2/2/2024       177.2       10.1       9.9       85.6       91.3       NA       32.4       3.2       9.1       22,485       22,913  
29    Territorial Bancorp Inc. (NASDAQGS:TBNK)     2/2/2024       86.4       17.7       17.7       35.4       35.4       NA       98.2       2.0       4.4       29,359       29,072  
30    Sterling Bancorp, Inc. (Southfield, MI) (NASDAQCM:SBT)     2/2/2024       273.9       35.1       34.9       83.6       83.6       NA       NM       0.0       12.4       33,849       42,341  
31    Western New England Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQGS:WNEB)     2/2/2024       180.1       11.9       11.7       75.8       80.7       NA       40.0       3.4       7.6       54,824       52,182  
32    Ponce Financial Group, Inc. (NASDAQGM:PDLB)     2/2/2024       205.0       61.6       NA       82.5       82.5       NA       NM       NA       9.2       52,049       89,647  
33    FS Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQCM:FSBW)     2/2/2024       265.7       7.6       6.8       101.8       110.6       1.1       22.1       3.0       9.7       14,241       20,656  
34    Third Coast Bancshares, Inc. (NASDAQGS:TCBX)     2/2/2024       263.3       9.8       9.9       76.1       80.6       NA       NM       NA       6.2       24,093       29,610  
35    Hingham Institution for Savings (NASDAQGM:HIFS)     2/2/2024       381.2       14.7       26.9       93.5       93.5       NA       21.0       1.4       9.4       14,851       15,376  
36    Southern Missouri Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQGM:SMBC)     2/2/2024       476.2       11.0       9.4       101.3       126.4       NA       22.0       2.0       13.0       25,296       29,761  
37    Northfield Bancorp, Inc. (Staten Island, NY) (NASDAQGS:NFBK)     2/2/2024       512.0       13.4       13.3       73.2       77.8       NA       60.5       4.5       10.0       225,399       196,554  
38    TrustCo Bank Corp NY (NASDAQGS:TRST)     2/2/2024       529.1       9.0       8.7       82.0       82.1       NA       46.8       5.2       9.6       81,968       84,610  
39    Kearny Financial Corp. (NASDAQGS:KRNY)     2/2/2024       449.9       24.9       13.7       54.9       74.0       NA       151.7       6.1       7.3       314,343       277,917  
40    Capitol Federal Financial, Inc. (NASDAQGS:CFFN)     2/2/2024       811.2       NM       16.9       80.2       81.4       NA       NM       5.5       9.0       936,216       931,096  
41    Provident Financial Services, Inc. (NYSE:PFS)     2/2/2024       1208.0       9.4       9.0       72.0       98.8       NA       56.1       6.0       9.6       514,428       516,502  
42    Northwest Bancshares, Inc. (NASDAQGS:NWBI)     2/2/2024       1529.1       11.3       10.7       98.6       131.3       NA       75.5       6.7       11.0       773,672       716,574  
43    WSFS Financial Corporation (NASDAQGS:WSFS)     2/2/2024       2612.2       9.8       9.8       105.4       211.3       NA       13.6       1.4       13.5       296,823       269,531  
44    Axos Financial, Inc. (NYSE:AX)     2/2/2024       3032.7       7.9       9.2       145.9       157.0       NA       NM       NA       14.4       878,360       628,519  
45    WaFd, Inc (NASDAQGS:WAFD)     2/2/2024       1835.9       8.3       NA       84.7       99.0       NA       29.3       3.5       9.5       326,168       545,975  
46    New York Community Bancorp, Inc. (NYSE:NYCB)     2/2/2024       4361.3       1.9       4.2       42.3       60.0       NA       17.3       3.3       6.4       13,431,212       12,683,031  
   25% Percentile       57.8       9.2       9.2       71.2       76.1       -9.2       22.1       1.3       7.4       8,144       6,892  
   Median       157.0       12.4       11.7       80.2       82.5       -7.5       40.0       2.4       9.4       24,916       28,587  
   75% Percentile       398.4       21.9       16.9       87.5       94.8       -3.5       66.7       4.1       12.9       59,024       85,869  

Source: S&P Global and FinPro Computations

Price to Earnings – According to the Appraisal Guidelines: “When both the converting institution and the comparable companies are recording “normal” earnings, a P/E approach may be the simplest and most direct method of valuation. When earnings are low or negative, however, this approach may not be appropriate and the greater consideration should be given to the P/BV approach.” In this particular case, the Bank’s earnings are “normal”. As a basis for comparison, the price to core earnings was utilized for both the Bank and the Comparable Group to eliminate any nonrecurring items. As such, this approach was considered in this appraisal.

In the pro forma figures for the Bank, FinPro incorporated the impact of SFAS 123, which requires the expensing of stock options. In preparing the fully converted pro forma figures for the Comparable Group, FinPro also incorporated the impact of SFAS 123.


   Page 48
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

Price to Book/Price to Tangible Book —According to the Appraisal Guidelines: “The P/BV approach works best when the converting institution and the Comparables have a normal amount of book value. The P/BV approach could seriously understate the value of an institution that has almost no book value but has an outstanding future earnings potential. For converting institutions with high net worth, the appraiser may have difficulty in arriving at a pro forma market value because of pressure placed on the P/E multiple as higher P/BV levels are required to reflect a similar P/BV ratio as the peer group average. The P/BV approach also suffers from the use of historical cost accounting data.”

Since thrift earnings in general have had a high degree of volatility over the past decade, the P/B is utilized frequently as the benchmark for market value. A better approach is the P/TB approach. In general, investors tend to price financial institutions on a tangible book basis, because it incorporates the P/B approach adjusted for intangibles. Initially following conversion, FinPro believes that thrifts often trade on a price to tangible book basis.

Price to Assets —According to the Appraisal Guidelines: “This approach remedies the problems of a small base that can occur with the P/BV approach, but the approach has many of the other limitations of the latter approach (the P/BV approach).” FinPro places little weight on this valuation approach due to the lack of consideration of asset and funding mixes and the resulting earnings impact.


   Page 49
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

OFFERING VALUE IN RELATION TO COMPARABLES

Based upon the premiums and discounts defined in the section above, the Bank’s aggregate pro forma market value at the midpoint is estimated to be $150,000,000. Based upon a range below and above the midpoint value, the relative values are $127,500,000 at the minimum and $172,500,000 at the maximum, respectively. At the super maximum of the estimated value range, the offering value would be $198,375,000.

At the various levels of the estimated value range, the full offering would result in the following offering data:

FIGURE - VALUE RANGE - FULL OFFERING

 

Conclusion

   Total Shares
Shares
     Price
Per Share
     Total Value  

Appraised Value - Midpoint

     15,000,000      $ 10.00      $ 150,000,000  

Range:

  

- Minimum

     12,750,000      $ 10.00        127,500,000  

- Maximum

     17,250,000        10.00        172,500,000  

- Super Maximum

     19,837,500        10.00        198,375,000  

Source: FinPro Inc. Pro Forma Model

This equates to the following multiples:

FIGURE—VALUE RANGE PRICING MULTIPLES

Fidelity Bank

Pro Forma Analysis Sheet - Twelve Months Ended

December 31, 2023

Includes SOP 93-6

 

     Bank     Comparables     Region     National  
                Mean     Median     Mean     Median     Mean     Median  
   Min      35.71              

Price-Core Earnings Ratio P/E

   Mid      37.04       28.90       13.60       50.89       9.86       22.42       11.68  
   Max      38.46              
   Smax      40.00              
   Min      47.92            

Price-to-Book Ratio P/B

   Mid      52.49     81.30     83.00     74.71     76.14     85.94     80.15
   Max      56.50            
   Smax      60.50            
   Min      48.97            

Price-to-Tangible Book Ratio P/TB

   Mid      53.59     85.60     86.80     78.60     80.57     96.24     82.50
   Max      57.60            
   Smax      61.58            
   Min      10.33            

Price-to-Assets Ratio P/A

   Mid      11.96     9.90     9.30     12.65     12.65     11.05     9.43
   Max      13.55            
   Smax      15.31            

Source: FinPro Inc. Pro Forma Model


   Page 50
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

FIGURE - COMPARABLE PRICING MULTIPLES TO THE BANKS PRO FORMA MIDPOINT

 

     Price Relative to  
   Earnings     Core
Earnings
    Book     Tangible
Book
    Assets  

The Bank (at midpoint) Full Conversion

     37.04       37.04       52.49     53.59     11.96

Comparable Group Median

     13.60       13.60       83.00     86.80     9.30

(Discount) Premium

     172.35     172.35     -36.76     -38.26     28.60

Source: FinPro Calculations

Figure above illustrates that at the midpoint of the estimated valuation range the Bank is priced at a 172.35% premium to the Comparable median price to core earnings multiple. On a tangible book basis, the Bank is priced at a -38.26% discount.

FIGURE - COMPARABLE PRICING MULTIPLES TO THE BANKS PRO FORMA SUPER MAXIMUM

 

     Price Relative to  
   Earnings     Core
Earnings
    Book     Tangible
Book
    Assets  

The Bank (at the supermax) Full Conversion

     40.00       40.00       60.50     61.58     15.31

Comparable Group Median

     13.60       13.60       83.00     86.80     9.30

(Discount) Premium

     194.12     194.12     -27.11     -29.06     64.62

Source: FinPro Calculations

Figure above illustrates that at the super maximum of the estimated valuation range the Bank is priced at a 194.12% premium to the Comparable median price to core earnings multiple. On a tangible book basis, the Bank is priced at a 29.06% discount.


   Page 51
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

COMPARISON TO RECENT STANDARD CONVERSIONS

As a secondary check FinPro reviewed the pro forma pricing multiples of the Bank relative to the other recent standard conversion pro forma pricing multiples.

Figure–Recent Standard Conversion Offerings

 

                Offering Data     Financial Performance At Offering  

Institution Name

  State     Trading
Symbol
    Offering
Completion
Date
    Offering
Announcement
Date
    Net
Proceeds
$000s
    Pro
Forma
Price/
Earnings
(x)
    Pro
Forma
Price/
Book
(%)
    Pro
Forma
Price/
Tangible
Book
(%)
    Total
Assets
$000s
    ROAE
(%)
    Core
ROAE
(%)
    Tangible
Equity/
Tangible
Assets
(%)
    NPAs/
Assets
(%)
 

NB Bancorp, Inc.

    MA       NBBK       12/27/2023       6/7/2023       350,682       11.9       60.1       60.2       4,231,792       10.11       9.37       NA       NA  

Central Plains Bancshares, Inc.

    NE       CPBI       10/19/2023       6/6/2023       34,431       19.2       56.5       56.5       450,407       NA       NA       NA       NA  

PFS Bancorp, Inc.

    IL       PFSB       10/17/2023       3/6/2023       NA       NA       NA       NA       184,701       3.85       4.81       11.01       NA  

SR Bancorp, Inc.

    NJ       SRBK       9/19/2023       7/25/2022       75,508       15.7       49.0       57.3       651,486       1.32       1.53       18.74       0.02  

ECB Bancorp, Inc.

    MA       ECBK       7/27/2022       3/10/2022       75,794       25.9       59.8       59.8       688,639       5.40       7.11       11.42       NA  

VWF Bancorp, Inc.

    OH       VWFB       7/13/2022       3/3/2022       15,422       250.0       50.2       50.2       137,048       0.11       1.02       17.62       NA  

NSTS Bancorp, Inc.

    IL       NSTS       1/18/2022       7/19/2021       44,494       NM       59.7       59.7       259,881       0.19       (0.03     17.68       0.68  

PB Bankshares, Inc.

    PA       PBBK       7/14/2021       3/8/2021       23,083       NM       61.7       61.7       281,066       (1.66     (0.68     7.76       1.04  

TC Bancshares, Inc.

    GA       TCBC       7/20/2021       3/5/2021       41,777       NM       59.9       59.9       363,624       2.02       4.22       11.14       NA  

Texas Community Bancshares, Inc.

    TX       TCBS       7/14/2021       3/3/2021       26,776       86.3       53.2       56.0       316,501       2.27       2.27       9.85       NA  

Catalyst Bancorp, Inc.

    LA         10/12/2021       3/12/2021       44,958       NM       55.5       55.5       238,329       (1.38     NA       21.29       1.92  

Systematic Savings Bank

    MO         10/13/2020       3/18/2020       5,101       62.5       58.7       58.7       39,995       2.18       2.18       12.64       0.08  

Eureka Homestead Bancorp, Inc.

    LA       ERKH       7/9/2019       3/1/2019       11,311       44.7       60.6       60.6       98,403       2.32       NA       12.52       0.00  

Richmond Mutual Bancorporation, Inc.

    IN       RMBI       7/1/2019       2/6/2019       111,240       18.9       74.5       74.5       882,800       6.98       6.94       10.10       0.26  

CBM Bancorp, Inc.

    MD         9/27/2018       5/23/2018       35,785       41.7       73.5       73.5       184,177       0.95       NA       11.95       0.86  

Sidney Federal Savings and Loan Association

    NE         7/26/2018       10/17/2017       816       NM       71.0       71.0       16,660       (26.09     (26.09     5.66       0.14  

25th Percentile:

            19,253       19.0       56.0       56.9       172,395       0.15       0.76       10.32       0.08  

Median

            35,785       33.8       59.8       59.8       270,474       2.02       2.22       11.69       0.26  

Average

            59,812       57.7       60.3       61.0       564,094       0.57       1.05       12.81       0.56  

75th Percentile:

            60,233       58.0       61.1       61.1       500,677       3.09       5.34       16.37       0.86  

Source: S&P Global

Figure–Median Pro Forma Price/ TBV Trend

 

LOGO

Source: S&P Global and FinPro Computations


   Page 52
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

VALUATION CONCLUSION

It is, FinPro’s opinion that as of February 14, 2024, the estimated aggregate pro forma market value of the Bank was $150,000,000 at the midpoint of a range with a minimum of $127,500,000 to a maximum of $172,500,000 at 15% below and 15% above the midpoint of the range respectively. Assuming an adjusted maximum value of 15% above the maximum value, the adjusted maximum value or super maximum value is $198,375,000. The stock will be issued at $10.00 per share.

 

Conclusion

   Pre Foundation  
   Appraised Value  
   Minimum     Midpoint     Maximum     SuperMaximum*  

Total Shares

     12,750,000       15,000,000       17,250,000       19,837,500  

Price per Share

   $ 10     $ 10     $ 10     $ 10  

Full Conversion Value

   $ 127,500,000     $ 150,000,000     $ 172,500,000     $ 198,375,000  

Exchange Shares

     0       0       0       0  

Exchange Percent

     0.00     0.00     0.00     0.00

Conversion Shares

     12,750,000       15,000,000       17,250,000       19,837,500  

Conversion Percent

     100.00     100.00     100.00     100.00

Gross Proceeds

   $ 127,500,000     $ 150,000,000     $ 172,500,000     $ 198,375,000  

The document represents an initial valuation for the Bank. Due to the duration of time that passes between the time this document is compiled and the time the offering closes, numerous factors could lead FinPro to update or revised the appraised value of the Bank. Some factors that could lead FinPro to adjust the appraised value include: (1) changes in the Bank’s operations and financial condition; (2) changes in the market valuation or financial condition of the Comparable Group; (3) changes in the broader market; and (4) changes in the market for thrift conversions. Should there be material changes to any of these factors, FinPro will prepare an appraisal update to appropriately adjust the value of the Bank. At the time of closing, FinPro will prepare a final appraisal to determine if the valuation range is still appropriate and determine the exact valuation amount appropriate for the Bank.


   Page 53
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

7. Exhibits

Exhibit 1. Pro Forma Regulatory Capital Ratios

 

     Historical     Minimum
12,750,000
    Midpoint
15,000,000
    Maximum
17,250,000
    Adj. Maximum
19,837,500
 
     $      %     $      %     $      %     $      %     $      %  

GAAP Capital

   $ 156,737        13.9   $ 203,769        17.4   $ 212,221        18.0   $ 220,672        18.6   $ 230,392        19.2

Tier 1 Leverage Capital

   $ 166,340        14.8   $ 213,372        18.2   $ 221,824        18.8   $ 230,275        19.4   $ 239,995        20.0

Tier 1 Leverage Requirement

   $ 56,186        5.0   $ 58,538        5.0   $ 58,960        5.0   $ 59,383        5.0   $ 59,869        5.0

Excess

   $ 110,154        9.8   $ 154,834        13.2   $ 162,864        13.8   $ 170,892        14.4   $ 180,126        15.0

Tier 1 Risk based

   $ 166,340        22.7   $ 213,372        28.7   $ 221,824        29.8   $ 230,275        30.9   $ 239,995        32.1

Risk-Based Capital Requirement

   $ 58,690        8.0   $ 59,442        8.0   $ 59,577        8.0   $ 59,713        8.0   $ 59,868        8.0

Excess

   $ 107,650        14.7   $ 153,930        20.7   $ 162,247        21.8   $ 170,562        22.9   $ 180,127        24.1

Total Risk-Based Capital

   $ 172,543        23.5   $ 219,575        29.6   $ 228,027        30.6   $ 236,478        31.7   $ 246,198        32.9

Risk-Based Capital Requirement

   $ 73,362        10.0   $ 74,303        10.0   $ 74,472        10.0   $ 74,641        10.0   $ 74,835        10.0

Excess

   $ 99,181        13.5   $ 145,272        19.6   $ 153,555        20.6   $ 161,837        21.7   $ 171,363        22.9

Common Equity Tier 1 Risk-Based

   $ 166,340        22.7   $ 213,372        28.7   $ 221,824        29.8   $ 230,275        30.9   $ 239,995        32.1

Common Equity Tier 1 Risk-Based

                         

Requirement

   $ 47,685        6.5   $ 48,297        6.5   $ 48,407        6.5   $ 48,516        6.5   $ 48,643        6.5

Excess

   $ 118,655        16.2   $ 165,075        22.2   $ 173,417        23.3   $ 181,759        24.4   $ 191,352        25.6

Reconcilation of Capital Infused into the bank:

 

                      

50% of Net Proceeds

        $ 62,332        $ 73,484        $ 84,635        $ 97,460     

Less: ESOP

        -$ 10,200        -$ 12,000        -$ 13,800        -$ 15,870     

Less: MRP

        -$ 5,100        -$ 6,000        -$ 6,900        -$ 7,935     

Pro Forma Increase

        $ 47,032        $ 55,484        $ 63,935        $ 73,655     


   Page 54
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

Exhibit 2. Pro Forma Analysis Sheet

 

           Company Pro Forma Based Upon Sale at $10.00 Per Share  
 

 

 

 
     Bank
Historical
    12,750,000
Shares
(Minimum of
Estimated
Price Range)
    15,000,000
Shares
(Midpoint of
Estimated
Price Range)
    17,250,000
Shares
(Maximum of
Estimated
Price Range)
    19,837,500
Shares (15%
above Max of
Estimated
Price Range)
 
     (In thousands)  

Deposits

   $ 769,288     $ 769,288     $ 769,288     $ 769,288     $ 769,288  

Borrowings

     172,200       172,200       172,200       172,200       172,200  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Deposits and Borrowings

   $ 941,488     $ 941,488     $ 941,488     $ 941,488     $ 941,488  

Stockholders’ equity:

          

Preferred

   $ —      $ —      $ —      $ —      $ —   

Common

     —        128       150       173       198  

APIC

     —        124,536       146,817       169,097       194,721  

Retained Earnings

     172,126       172,126       172,126       172,126       172,126  

Net unrealized g/(l) on AFS, net

     (15,389     (15,389     (15,389     (15,389     (15,389

Plus:

          

Amount of the foundation

     —        —        —        —        —   

Less:

          

Capital to the MHC

     —        —        —        —        —   

After Tax Expense of foundation

     —        —        —        —        —   

Less:

          

CS acquired by old ESOP

     —        —        —        —        —   

CS acquired by old MRP

     —        —        —        —        —   

CS to be acquired by ESOP

     —        (10,200     (12,000     (13,800     (15,870

CS to be acquired by MRP

     —        (5,100     (6,000     (6,900     (7,935
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Stockholder’s equity

   $ 156,737     $ 266,101     $ 285,704     $ 305,307     $ 327,851  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total Shares Outstanding

       12,750,000       15,000,000       17,250,000       19,837,500  

MHC Shares

       —        —        —        —   

Minority Shares

       —        —        —        —   

Foundation Shares

       —        —        —        —   

Equity to Assets

     13.93     22.04     23.28     24.49     25.83

Equity to Tangiable Assets

     15.18     22.14     23.39     24.60     25.95


   Page 55
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

Exhibit 3. Pro Forma Analysis Sheet

 

Prior Twelve Mos. Earning Base

   Y   

Period Ended December 31, 2023

      $ 1,118  (1) 

Pre-Conversion Book Value

   B   

As of December 31, 2023

      $ 156,737  

Pre-Conversion Assets

   A   

As of December 31, 2023

      $ 1,124,932  

Return on Money

   R      3.94%  (2) 

Conversion Expenses

      $ 3,033  
   X      2.02%  (3) 

Proceeds Not Invested

      $ 18,000  (4) 

Estimated ESOP Borrowings

      $ 12,000  

ESOP Purchases

   E      8.00%  (5) 

Cost of ESOP Borrowings

      $ 480  (5) 

Cost of ESOP Borrowings

   S      0.00%  (5) 

Amort of ESOP Borrowings

   T      25  Years 

Amort of MRP Amount

   N      5  Years 

Estimated MRP Amount

      $ 6,000  (6) 

MRP Purchases

   M      4.00%  

MRP Expense

      $ 1,200  

Stock Foundation Amount

      $ —   (7) 

Stock Foundation Amount

   F      0.00%0.00%  

Foundation Opportunity Cost

      $ —   

Tax Benefit

   Z    $ —   (8) 

Tax Rate

   TAX      19.00%  

Percentage Sold

   PCT      100.00%  

Amount to be issued to Public

      $ 150,000  (9) 

Earnings Multiple

        12  

 

(1)

Net income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2023.

(2)

Net Return assumes a reinvestment rate of 4.87 percent (the 1 year Treasury at December 31, 2023), and a tax rate of 19%.

(3)

Conversion expenses reflect estimated expenses as presented in the offering document.

(4)

Includes Stock from ESOP and MRP.

(5)

Assumes ESOP is amortized straight line over 25 years.

(6)

Assumes MRP is amortized straight line over 5 years.

(7)

Not applicable.

(8)

Not Applicable.

(9)

The amount to be offered to public.


   Page 56
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

Exhibit 4. Pro Forma Effect of Conversion

 

          Pro Forma Effect of Conversion Proceeds
As of December 31, 2023
(Dollars in Thousands)
 

Conversion Proceeds

        Minimum     Midpoint     Maximum     SuperMax  

Total Shares Offered

        12,750,000       15,000,000       17,250,000       19,837,500  

Conversion Shares Offered

        12,750,000       15,000,000       17,250,000       19,837,500  

Price Per Share

      $ 10     $ 10     $ 10     $ 10  
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross Proceeds

      $ 127,500     $ 150,000     $ 172,500     $ 198,375  

Plus: Value issued to Foundation

   (9)      —        —        —        —   
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Pro Forma Market Capitalization

        127,500       150,000       172,500       198,375  
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Gross Proceeds

        127,500       150,000       172,500       198,375  

Less: Est. Conversion Expenses

        (2,836     (3,033     (3,230     (3,456
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Proceeds

        124,664       146,967       169,270       194,919  

Cash issued to foundation

        —        —        —        —   

Less: ESOP Adjustment

   (3)      (10,200     (12,000     (13,800     (15,870

Less: MRP Adjustment

   (3)      (5,100     (6,000     (6,900     (7,935
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Proceeds Reinvested

      $ 109,364     $ 128,967     $ 148,570     $ 171,114  
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Estimated Incremental Rate of Return

        3.94     3.94     3.94     3.94
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Estimated Incremental Return

      $ 4,309     $ 5,081     $ 5,854     $ 6,742  

Less: Cost of ESOP

   (4)      —        —        —        —   

Less: Amortization of ESOP

   (7)      (330     (389     (447     (514

Less: Option Expense

   (10)      (946     (1,113     (1,280     (1,472

Less: MRP Adjustment

   (7)      (826     (972     (1,118     (1,285
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Pro-forma Net Income

        2,207       2,607       3,009       3,471  

Earnings Before Conversion

        1,118       1,118       1,118       1,118  
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Earnings Excluding Adjustment

        3,325       3,725       4,127       4,589  

Earnings Adjustment

   (6)      —        —        —        —   
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Earnings After Conversion

      $ 3,325     $ 3,725     $ 4,127     $ 4,589  
     

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 


   Page 57
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

          Pro Forma Effect of Conversion Proceeds
As of December 31, 2023
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
   Minimum      Midpoint      Maximum      SuperMax  

Pro-forma Tangible Equity

              

Equity at December 31, 2023

      $ 156,737      $ 156,737      $ 156,737      $ 156,737  

Net Conversion Proceeds

        124,664        146,967        169,270        194,919  

Plus: MHC Adjustment

   (7)      —         —         —         —   

Plus: Value issued to Foundation

        —         —         —         —   

Less: After Tax Expense of Foundation

        —         —         —         —   

Less: ESOP Adjustment

   (1)      (10,200      (12,000      (13,800      (15,870

Less: MRP Adjustment

   (2)      (5,100      (6,000      (6,900      (7,935
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Pro-forma Equity

      $ 266,101      $ 285,704      $ 305,307      $ 327,851  

Less: Intangible

   (5)      5,786        5,786        5,786        5,786  
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Pro-forma Tangible Equity

      $ 260,315      $ 279,918      $ 299,521      $ 322,065  

Pro-forma Assets

              

Total Assets at December 31, 2023

      $ 1,124,932      $ 1,124,932      $ 1,124,932      $ 1,124,932  

Net Conversion Proceeds

        124,664        146,967        169,270        194,919  

Plus: MHC Adjustment

   (7)      —         —         —         —   

Plus: Value issued to Foundation

        —         —         —         —   

Less: After Tax Expense of Foundation

        —         —         —         —   

Less: ESOP Adjustment

   (1)      (10,200      (12,000      (13,800      (15,870

Less: MRP Adjustment

   (2)      (5,100      (6,000      (6,900      (7,935
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Pro-forma Total Assets

        1,234,296        1,253,899        1,273,502        1,296,046  

Stockholder’s Equity Per Share *

              

Equity at December 31, 2023

      $ 12.29      $ 10.45      $ 9.09      $ 7.90  

Estimated Net Proceeds

        9.78        9.80        9.81        9.83  

Plus: MHC Adjustment

        —         —         —         —   

Plus: Value issued to Foundation

        —         —         —         —   

Less: After Tax Expense of Foundation

        —         —         —         —   

Less: ESOP Stock

        (0.80      (0.80      (0.80      (0.80

Less: MRP Stock

        (0.40      (0.40      (0.40      (0.40
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Pro-forma Equity Per Share *

        20.87        19.05        17.70        16.53  

Less: Intangible

        0.45        0.39        0.34        0.29  
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Pro-forma Tangible Equity Per Share *

      $ 20.42      $ 18.66      $ 17.36      $ 16.24  
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 


   Page 58
Conversion Valuation Appraisal Report   

 

         Pro Forma Effect of Conversion Proceeds
As of December 31, 2023
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
         Minimum     Midpoint     Maximum     SuperMax  

Net Earnings Per Share *

          

Historical Earnings Per Share

  (8)    $ 0.09     $ 0.08     $ 0.07     $ 0.06  

Incremental return Per Share

  (8)      0.37       0.37       0.37       0.37  

ESOP Adjustment Per Share

  (8)      (0.03     (0.03     (0.03     (0.03

Option Expense Per Share

  (10)      (0.08     (0.08     (0.08     (0.08

MRP Adjustment Per Share

  (8)      (0.07     (0.07     (0.07     (0.07

Normalizing Adjustment Per Share

       —        —        —        —   
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Pro Forma Earnings Per Share *

  (8)    $ 0.28     $ 0.27     $ 0.26     $ 0.25  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Shares Utilized for EPS

       11,770,800       13,848,000       15,925,200       18,313,980  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Pro-forma Ratios

 

Price/EPS No Adjustment

       35.71       37.04       38.46       40.00  

Price/EPS with Adjustment

       35.71       37.04       38.46       40.00  

Price/Book Value per Share

       47.92     52.49     56.50     60.50

Price/Tangible Book Value

       48.97     53.59     57.60     61.58
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Market Value/Assets

       10.33     11.96     13.55     15.31
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

*

The totals for the per share data are actual figures rounded to two decimals. The component parts may not add to the total due to rounding.

(1)

ESOP Borrowings are deducted from net worth and assets, and amortized over 25 years.

(2)

MRP is omitted from net worth and assets, and amortized over 5 years.

(3)

Consists of ESOP and MRP amortization.

(4)

The ESOP loan is from the Holding Company and therefore, there are no costs.

(5)

NA

(6)

Not applicable.

(7)

ESOP and MRP are amortized over 25 and 5 years respectively, and tax impacted at 19%.

(8)

All EPS computations are done in accordance with SOP 93-6.

(9)

Not applicable.

(10)

Assumed option expense in accordance with SFAS No. 123.

Exhibit 5. Use of Proceeds

 

Use of Proceeds

   12,750,000
Shares
    % of Gross
Proceeds
    15,000,000
Shares
    Gross
Proceeds
    17,250,000
Shares
    Gross
Proceeds
    19,837,500
Shares
    Gross
Proceeds
 

Gross Offering Proceeds

   $ 127,500       $ 150,000       $ 172,500       $ 198,375    

Less: Expense

     (2,836       (3,033       (3,230       (3,456  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net Proceeds

   $ 124,664       100.0   $ 146,967       100.0   $ 169,270       100.0   $ 194,919       100.0

Less:

                

Proceeds to Bank

     (62,332     -50.0     (73,484     -50.0     (84,635     -50.0     (97,460     -50.0

ESOP

     (10,200     -8.2     (12,000     -8.2     (13,800     -8.2     (15,870     -8.1

Cash to Foundation

     —        0.0     —        0.0     —        0.0     —        0.0

Cash to MHC

     —        0.0     —        0.0     —        0.0     —        0.0
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Proceeds for HC

     52,132       41.8     61,483       41.8     70,835       41.9     81,589       41.9